(共25张PPT)
Unit 2
Period 5
Assessing Your Progress
1.复习本单元的重点词汇、短语以及过去分词的功能用法；
2.能学会介绍自己所在城镇的一个标志性风物；
3.通过观看视频，了解澳大利亚土著人的节日——The Mbantua Festival。
新 课 导 入
Say the meaning of these words or phrases as quickly as possible!
phase
a handful of
entitle
distribution
prime minister
foundation
sponsor
equator
license
political
capacity
premier
joint
hatch
straightforward
grand
课 堂 学 习
1
Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.
distribution violence frequency herb hatch capacity
1. The iconic Beijing National Stadium, also known as the “Bird’s Nest”, has a ___________of 80,000.
2. Special tiger reserves with fences have greatly improved the _________ of the wild tiger population across India, and local police are now entitled to give longer prison sentences to hunters.
3. The ___________ of the boat trips between the islands falls greatly in bad weather when stormy waves make such journeys especially difficult.
capacity
frequency
distribution
distribution violence frequency herb hatch capacity
4. The largest native bird of Australia is the emu. Male emus are good fathers —after their babies are _________, they take care of them until they are nine months old.
5. _________ are an essential component of traditional Chinese medicine.
6. ________ tornado storms have been known to cause severe damage in America's famous “Tornado Alley” area.
hatched
Herbs
Violent
The Past Participle 过去分词
动词的过去分词形式：“动词原形+ed” 部分过去分词有特殊形式变化。
过去分词不能单独用作谓语，但可用于完成时态(have/had +动词过去分词)和被动语态(be+动词过去分词)中构成谓语。
过去分词是非谓语动词(或称非限定动词)的一种。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾补、表语等成分。
Fill in the blanks using the appropriate forms of the verbs in brackets.
A ___________ (construct) as part of a larger political plan, the market was established to improve the city's overall economy and prosperity.
B By the 17th century, the two markets and their surrounding areas had joined together to create a giant market that became an important part of the Silk Road, _________ (link) Europe to Asia.
C As for the future, _________ (inspire) by its own history, the Grand Bazaar (大巴扎集市) is still growing, with many shops opening nearby, offering cheaper prices that attract even the locals.
Constructed
linking
inspired
被动关系
主动关系
被动关系
2
D Today, the Grand Bazaar is extremely iconic, _________ (mix) Turkey's glorious trade history with its special brand of modern cultural tourism.
E At first, the Grand Bazaar _________ (sell) mostly textiles, but it soon expanded into selling books, jewellery, furniture, food, and a lot more.
F The market that was originally built was quite small in comparison to today's Grand Bazaar. Some years later, another market ___________ (open) nearby.
G The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history _________ (date) back to 1455.
mixing
sold
(was) opened
主动关系
谓语动词
谓语动词
dating
非谓语动词
Then reorder these sentences to make a passage. Find out the link between the Grand Bazaar and the Silk Road.
___ A Constructed as part of a larger political plan, the market was established to improve the city's overall economy and prosperity.
___ B By the 17th century, the two markets and their surrounding areas had joined together to create a giant market that became an important part of the Silk Road, linking Europe to Asia.
___ C As for the future, inspired by its own history, the Grand Bazaar is still growing, with many shops opening nearby, offering cheaper prices that attract even the locals.
2
4
7
___ D Today, the Grand Bazaar is extremely iconic, mixing Turkey's glorious trade history with its special brand of modern cultural tourism.
___ E At first, the Grand Bazaar sold mostly textiles, but it soon expanded into selling books, jewellery, furniture, food, and a lot more.
___ F The market that was originally built was quite small in comparison to today's Grand Bazaar. Some years later, another market opened nearby.
___ G The Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, Turkey, has a long history dating back to 1455.
1
3
5
6
Project
Introduce an iconic attraction in your city or town
1
In groups, brainstorm the kinds of things that people would most like to experience when they travel to a new place. Examples include:
foods
buildings
celebrities
festivals
scenic views
culture
Apart from these, what other kinds of things can you think of
legend
fairy story
iconic animals
special plants
special songs or dances
...
Do some research and come up with three iconic attractions that may best represent your city or town. Think about what people can experience there.
Where it is
How it is
What people do there on that day
How significant it is
2
In groups, compare your lists. Discuss which attractions are the most impressive and representative, and come up with a final list of the top three.
Check your sentence structures.
Make your sentences more impressive by using clauses or advanced vocabulary.
3
It lies in / is located in ...
Surrounded by ..., it covers an area of ...
It has a long history of ...
There are many places of interest, such as ...
You can enjoy ..., which has a high reputation both at home
and abroad.
With ..., ... is / are attracting more and more tourists.
Example
DUJIANGYAN
Originally constructed around 256 BCE by the State of Qin as an irrigation and flood control system, Dujiangyan is a remarkable example of ancient engineering skill and is still in use today. During the Warring States period, people who lived along the banks of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding. Qin governor and irrigation engineer Li Bing investigated the problem thoroughly. He led a team to construct a levee to redirect a portion of the river’s flow. Then they cut a channel through Mount Yulei to discharge the excess water.
Each of you should write about one attraction from the list and explain why it is worth visiting.
4
After the system was finished, no more floods occurred. What’s more , it made Sichuan one of the most productive agricultural regions in China because the redirected water from the Min River could be used for irrigation.
If you visit Dujiangyan, you will see an unusual construction that resembles a fish’s mouth. This famous attraction, Yuzui, together with two other important parts, namely, Feishayan and Baopingkou, were scientifically designed to control the water flow throughout the year. Recognised as a UNESCO heritage site, Dujiangyan has irrigated farms while preventing floods for over 2,000 years.
Before You Watch
Match the following things.
1. Aborigines
2. an Aboriginal group in Alice Springs
3. good food
4. what the women are carrying on their heads in the race
5. what a tourist decides to name her animal sculpture
6. white people
A “Alice”
B good tucker
C billy cans
D indigenous groups
E non-indigenous people
F the Aranda people
D
F
B
C
A
E
While You Watch
1. Check your answers in Before You Watch.
2. Circle the best words to complete the sentences below.
1. Independent/Indigenous groups from across Australia ’s desert centre have come to share with one another on the sacred/secret grounds of the Aranda people in Alice Springs.
2. They might be using billy cans instead of wooden bone/bowls but the activities are helping keep alive traditions which might otherwise be skipping/slipping.
3. It’s presenting an alternative picture of a national history/story which can look very apparent/different for black and white Australians.
4. That’s what we are trying to do with this festival---bring non-indigenous people to us, hear/share our culture with them, and our history, in the hope that they feel like that part of the nation’s history is part of their own dignity/identity.
5. As night falls in the small object/pocket in the heart of Australia, people have been brought closer together, at least for a few days/in a few ways.
After You Watch
1. Why do you think this festival is important to Aborigines What about non-indigenous people
It is important to the Aborigines because until very recently they were very much an oppressed group, and this festival allows them to celebrate and show off their culture. It is important to the non-indigenous people because it gives them a rare chance to meet and learn about the Aboriginal people of Australia.
2. What interested you most in the video Why
3. What opportunities do you have to experience and learn about different cultures in China
I am interested in the food because I like to eat. I wish that the video had showed more about it.
There are many opportunities. For example, you can go to the Longji Rice Terraces in northern Guangxi, and share in the lives of the Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups. Or, you can go to Lijiang in Yunan and learn about the Naxi.
What do you know about interesting ethnic cultures and festivals in China (共48张PPT)
Unit 2
Period 1
Reading and Thinking(I)
1.熟悉并掌握文中的重点词汇、短语与句型；
2.通过阅读博客，了解澳大利亚文化特点及风土人情，并能够提取重要信息，学习使用关键词或缩略语完成笔记；
3.能认识同形（同音）异义词的词义词性。
新 课 导 入
Which country does this photo show us
What do you know about the place in the photo
I know that it is the Sydney Opera House in Australia, and that it is one of the world’s most famous buildings.
Sydney Opera House
The photo is of the world famous Sydney Opera House, in Sydney, Australia. With a population of over five million people, Sydney is the capital of New South Wales, and the largest city in Australia. The native people have been living in the Sydney area for at least 30,000 years. However, the first Europeans visited there in 1770, and the first permanent European settlement in Australia was established there in 1788.
Sydney Opera House
课 堂 学 习
Pre-reading
Work in groups and discuss the questions.
1. What is the first thing you think of when you think about Australia
Kangaroo
袋鼠
Koala
考拉
1
Duck-billed platypus
鸭嘴兽
The first things that I think of are kangaroos, beaches, and deserts.
2. What is your impression of Australia based on your experience and/or what you have seen in the media
My impression is that it is a very dry place that is subject to wildfires. At the same time, it is the smallest continent but a very big country.
1. What type of text is it How can you make your judgement
a blog
with four entries
2. What iconic features of Australia do you think the writer has experienced
Skimming
Read the blog entries and check your prediction:
He wrote about his experiences and what he learnt about Australian people & their culture, food and way of life.
What did the writer write about in the blog
2
Match the blog entries to the subheadings. Write the blog entry numbers in the blanks. Two are extra.
________ The foundation of Australia
________ Reflections on multiculturalism
________ Political divisions
________ First impressions
________ Preparing to travel
________ Aborigines and the didgeridoo
Scanning
Read the first blog entry and answer the following questions.
1. When was the writer traveling to Australia
2. What preparation work did the writer do before travelling
She was traveling to Australia the next week.
She planned to keep the blog to record her experiences and what she learnt. She did some research on the country.
3. What did she learn about Australia
4. What would she be interested in doing during the trip
Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s informally referred to as “down under”. She also read about iconic sites and cute animals.
She was more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food and way of life. Because she majored in social studies.
Take notes
When you read a passage, sometimes it helps to take notes so that you can better remember and understand what you have learnt. When you take notes, it is good to write down the important facts just using key words and ignore many of the small words. You can also use abbreviations, such as “Aus” for “Australia” and “N” for “north”, and use symbols such as “&” for “and”.
Note-taking:
Write down the important facts, using key words.
She was traveling to Australia the next week.
She planned to keep the blog to record her experiences and what she learnt. She did some research on the country.
Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s informally referred to as “down under”. She also read about iconic sites and cute animals.
She was more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food and way of life. Because she majored in social studies.
_________
_________
_________
________
_____
_____
______
____________
_____
____
________
________
_____
________
____________
_________
________
____________
_____
___________
____________
__________________
__________________
_____________
____________________________
__________
_____________
Keep your notes short, using abbreviations and symbols creatively.
traveling Australia next week.
Nt wk –> Au
“Nt Wk” for “next week”; “Au” for “Australia”
Located south equator, below many countries
referred to …“down under”.
equator
N
S
many countries
AU
down under
iconic sites Sydney Opera House Great Ocean Road
animals like the cute koalas and kangaroos
SOH
GOR
koalas &kangaroos
iconic sites and animals
more interested meeting people experiencing culture, food and way of life majored in social studies
my interest
meeting people
experiencing culture, food & way of life
major in social studies
Organize the notes well.
N
equator
S
many countries
AU
(down under)
my interest
major in social studies
SOH
GOR
koalas &kangaroos
meeting people
experiencing culture, food & way of life
Nt wk Au
iconic sites and animals
常见的速记符号：
Abbreviation Symbol
pare ∴ therefore
c. about / approximately ∵ because
imp. important / importance ≠ differs from, is the opposite of
tho though = is/are/have/has/
equals
e.g. example ∧ but
info information & and
Cornel Note Taking 康奈尔笔记法
Cue Column
Note-taking Column
-Key ideas
-Key questions
-Key words
-Important dates, people, places
-Diagrams and pictures
-Formulas
-Repeated (stressed) information
Summary
-Summary of your notes in your own words
Guiding questions for the following entries:
1) Who did the writer meet and what did the writer experience
2) What did she learn about the people and the culture, food and way of life
1st impressions
(Sydney)
FOOD
1st open-air BBQ
dif ∧ yummy meals
typical Au food Bri
e.g. Sunday roast
premier food expces
Asian cultures
bean curd & herbs
Au version dim sim
Experiences
Learn
Aborigines & the didgeridoo (Katherine, N. Territory)
Aborigines
history: hard
survive, close contact with nature
music
instru: sticks
theme:
celebrate natural &spiritual world
the didger.:hollow branch
put, blow…vibrating…, holeX change mouth shape pitch
breathe in …nose, out…mouth
small population
visible influence
Read the fourth blog entry and answer the questions.
mix of people (50% born overseas)
mix of cultures (Western + minority + immigrant)
facts
feelings
like the people most
Reasons
straightforward
free & easy attitude to life
friendliness, warmth
How does multiculturalism reflect in Australia
What’s the writer’s feeling after experiencing Australia
3
Read the text again and take notes. Then use your notes to answer the questions.
1. What does “down under” mean
2. How has Australian cuisine been influenced by different cultures Give two examples.
Australia.
A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally British. The influence of Asian cultures, on the other hand, led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.
3. What is the main theme reflected in Aboriginal music and why
4. What are the writer's first and biggest impressions of Australia Why
It celebrates the natural world and the spiritual word around them, because to survive in the vast land, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.
Her first impressions of Australia have been all about food, because her friend shared many different but yummy meals with her. Her biggest impression is the complicated mix of people and cultures that make up the nation. She feels this perhaps because of the many different kinds of people she met.
How did the writer organize the four blog entries Reread the blog entries and fill in the blanks.
Theme: Experience the iconic features of Australia
(Example of travel routes and perspectives)
Travel route 1
I’m here in Sydney! My first impressions of Australia have been _____________.
Perspective 1
As I major in social studies, I’m more interested in ___________ in Australia and ___________________, food, and _________.
all about food.
meeting people
experiencing their culture
way of life.
Theme: Experience the iconic features of Australia
(Example of travel routes and perspectives)
Travel route 2
My friend and I have arrived in Katherine, ________________
_____________. We’re here to learn about _________________
____________________________________
Perspective 2
My biggest impression is the ____________________________ that make up the nation.
Northern territory
a town in Australia’s
the life and customs of
the Aborigines, who are native to
Australia.
complicated mix of peoples and cultures
Discuss what iconic Chinese attractions you would like to introduce to a foreigner and explain why.
Tourist sites
Food and drinks
Ethnic minority groups
Musical instruments
Clothes
title
key sentence
perspective/reasons
sample
conclusion
Tourist sites: The Temple of Heaven and the Forbidden City, because these are iconic places that tell a lot about the Chinese culture.
Food and drinks: Jiaozi, because it is the most representative food for many Chinese people, especially in the north. Tea, as an old Chinese saying goes, “Firewood, rice, cooking oil, salt, sauce, vinegar, and the tea the seven necessities to begin a day.”
Ethnic minority groups: The Miao people love singing their life aloud; the Dong people live with their traditional wind and rain bridges that give people shelter when it rains. I really enjoyed staying among them and learning about their culture.
Musical instruments: The pipa is one of the most popular Chinese instruments with over two thousand years of history. It can make very beautiful music and it has enlightenment on similar instruments in Japan and Korea.
Clothes: The qipao, because it is such a beautiful dress, and so representative of the Chinese culture as a whole.
人教 选择性必修第四册
Unit 2
Period 1
Build up your vocabulary(Ⅱ)
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
Language points
1.Bakeries, fast-food joints①, butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier② food experiences in the world. 面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆处处提供了世界上一些顶级的美食体验。
①joint n．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj.联合的；共同的
※joint effort 共同的努力
※out of joint 混乱，紊乱
※out of joint with... 与……不相称
※put somebody’s nose out of joint 使某人恼火
完成句子
①As you become older, your _________ get stiffer.
随着你的年龄增加，你的关节就会变僵硬。
②All things there are _______________.
那里的一切都乱七八糟。
joints
out of joint
②premier adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n．总理；首相
one of the country’s premier chefs 国家名厨之一
the country’s premier opera company 这个国家顶尖的歌剧团
chief adj.主要的 n．首领
major adj.主要的；重要的 n．主修科目
primary adj.主要的；首要的
principal adj.主要的；资本的
完成句子
①The company has achieved _________________ in the electronics field.
该公司执电子行业之牛耳。
②The ________ occupies the foremost place in the world of politics.
首相是政界的首要人物。
a premier position
premier
2. The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow.
迪吉里杜管是由一根中空的树枝制成的。
hollow adj.中空的；空心的
hollow pipe 空心管子
hollow words 空洞的言语
hollow laugh 虚伪的笑
hollow promises 虚伪的允诺
完成句子
①Better than a thousand _______________ is one word that brings peace.
一个能够带来平静的词语也比一千个空洞的词语更好。
②Murray Pick’s _______________ had no happiness in it.
默里·皮克的干笑里没有一点快乐。
hollow words
hollow laugh
empty“里面没有东西”“一无所有” 具有“空无一物”的隐含意义，可以用来描绘 box, vessel，cupboard，bag, purse，room，house，street，stomach, head等词
vacant“闲着的”“无人占据的” 着重指临时性的情况，如 vacant seat, vacant apartment, vacant position等
hollow“空心的”“中空的”“空洞的”“下陷的” 常与 tree，ball，cheeks, voice，sound，words，promises等词连用，既可用以指实物的“中空”，亦可指 words，promises，compliments的“虚假”，用于后者时是比喻意义
3. They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. 他们对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度，无论我走到哪里，他们的友好和热情都让我感到宾至如归。
straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的
※straightforwardly adv.正直地
※straightforwardness n．坦率
单句语法填空
①Acid rain is not _________________ (straightforward) attributable to the burning of coal.
②They were impressed by his sincerity and ___________________ (straightforward).
straightforwardly
straightforwardness
4. We are here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines, who are native to Australia. 我们来这里是为了了解澳大利亚土著居民的生活和习俗。
be native to 原产于
※a native of... 是……本地人；原产于……的动物或植物
※go native 入乡随俗；同化
※one’s native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
翻译句子
①香蕉原产于台湾。
__________________________________
②Since he went to live in America last year, he has gone native gradually.
_______________________________________________
The banana is native to Taiwan.
自去年他到美国居住以来，他已渐渐地入乡随俗。
5. Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the themselves. 就个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。
personally speaking 就个人而言
honestly speaking 诚实地说
strictly speaking 严格地说
broadly speaking 广义地说
generally speaking 一般来说
exactly speaking 准确地说
补全句子
①___________________(就个人而言)，I think he is mistaken in classifying these subjects.
②__________________(一般来说), almost all the kids are curious about how everything around them works.
Personally speaking
Generally speaking
6. Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”. 它位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，通常被非正式地称为“down under”。
Located to the south of the equator是过去分词作状语，表示原因，其中 locate与主句主语it 之间是被动关系。
过去分词作状语的用法主要有：
(1)作原因状语，相当于as，since，because引导的从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。
e.g.Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.
有了著名侦探的指点，这位年轻的女士不再害怕了。
(2)作时间状语，相当于when引导的状语从句。如果两个动作同时发生，可在分词前用when，while等使其时间意义更明确。
e.g.When heated, water can be changed into steam.
水加热后可以变成蒸汽。
(3)作条件状语，相当于if，unless引导的从句。
e.g.Given more time, we can finish the task on time.
如果给更多的时间，我们就能按时完成这项任务。
(4)作方式或伴随状语。
e.g.The hunter left his house, followed by his dog.
猎人离开了屋子，他的狗在后面跟着。
特别提示：分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则分词短语就要有自己的逻辑主语(用名词或代词的主格来表示)，这种结构称为独立主格结构。
e.g.All our savings gone, we started looking for jobs.
积蓄全部用完了，我们就开始找工作。
单句语法填空
Ordinary soap, _______ (use) correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.
used
7. ..., with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
……移民贡献了许多新的文化影响。
with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是with的复合结构，结构为“with ＋ 宾语＋过去分词”，其中the new cultural influences与contribute之间为被动关系。
with复合结构的构成：
with＋宾语＋宾语补足语:
e.g.He likes to sleep with the window open.(形容词作宾补)
他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
e.g.With her son away from home, she was worried.(副词短语作宾补)
她的儿子离开家，她很担心。
e.g.She came in with a baby in her arms.(介词短语作宾补)
她怀里抱着一个婴儿进来。
形容词/副词
介词短语
动词不定式/现在分词/过去分词
e.g.With a local guide leading the way, we got there easily.(现在分词作宾补)
在一个当地导游带路下，我们很容易地到达那里。
e.g.With the problem solved, we went on smoothly.(过去分词作宾补)
问题解决后，我们的工作进展顺利。
e.g.With her husband to help her, she worked it out.(不定式短语作宾补)
在她丈夫的帮助下，她想出了办法。
单句语法填空
①They sat together around the table with the door _______(shut)．
②You have no idea how she finished the relay race _______ her foot wounded so much.
shut
with
1
Write down the word that matches each definition. Make a sentence with each word.
1 ____________ an imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles
2 ____________ an outdoor meal with food cooked on a metal frame over a fire
equator
The equator divides the earth into the northern and southern hemispheres.
barbecue
During the summer, we have a barbecue on weekends.
3 ____________ a plant that is used to improve the taste of food, or to make medicine
4 ____________ someone who owns or works in a shop that sells meat
5 ____________ the establishing of a new institution or organisation
herb
Various herbs were used to make the meat taste better.
butcher
We had trouble finding duck, so we asked the butcher if he could order us some.
foundation
The school has served the local community since its foundation in 1902.
2
Read the following pairs of sentences and find out which underlined word has the same meaning as the one used in the reading text.
1 A The partners agreed to make a joint effort to meet the project deadlines.
B There are many burger joints in Bondi Beach, one of Australia’s most famous tourist spots.
2 A The premier of the Australian government is called the Prime Minister.
B The Sydney Opera House is a performing arts centre in Sydney. It is one of the 20th century’s premier buildings.
adj.联合的；共同的
n．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)
n．总理；首相
adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的
3 A Australian English is particularly different from other types of English in its pronunciation, so it is rather straightforward to recognise an Australian accent.
B Many Australians have a straightforward approach to life.
4 A A minority of frogs in the forest are poisonous, and locals extract the poison to use in the tips of their arrows.
B Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage.
adj.坦率的；简单的
adj. 简单的，易懂的
n. 少数，少数派
adj. 少数的; 少数民族的
3
Read an advertisement on Thailand’s iconic attractions. Fill in the blanks using the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Thailand is a premier holiday destination, attracting tourists from all over the world. Consisting of 76 provinces that _________ (stretch) all the way down to Malaysia in the south, the country has a lot to offer and is a great getaway. A major attraction of Thailand is its amazing selection of islands, each with long sandy beaches and clear blue water. Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities, _________ (include) diving, kayaking, and rock climbing. Finding the islands is not ______________ (complicate), and there are a variety islands to suit all tastes. Be careful, however, not to go to popular islands during peak season, unless you want to _________ (wrestle) with other tourists!
stretch
including
complicated
wrestle
Many tourists also enjoy visiting Chiang Mai to see the beautiful elephants, the national animal and proud _________ (iconic) of Thailand. Unfortunately, elephants are _____________ (endanger) in Thailand, but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom. Visitors can see these _________ (amaze) creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty.
icon
endangered
amazing
Speak out some features about Australian culture.(共17张PPT)
Unit 2
Period 2
Review Useful Structures
1.能掌握过去分词的句法功能；
2.能学会在真实场景中灵活运用过去分词。
新 课 导 入
1. When completed, the road will connect several provinces.
2. Seriously hurt, he can’t go to school today.
3. Coated with sugar, bananas will taste better.
4. Faced with a lot of difficulties, he continued the plan.
5. She walked out of the house, followed by her daughter.
Observe the following underlined words.
They are all past participles.
1
Work in groups and read the text again to find as many examples of past participles as possible. Then discuss whether each past participle functions as an attribute, adverbial, predicative, or object complement.
Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it is often informally referred to as “down under”. (located / adverbial)
I ’m more interested in meeting people ...
... like the Chinese-inspired dim sim.
Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground ... called the didgeridoo.
A skilled player can play for a long time ...
... but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
... my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures ...
... with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
... nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
......
(interested/predicative)
(Chinese-inspired/attributive)
(found/attributive; called/attributive)
(skilled/attributive)
(convinced/predicative)
(complicated/attributive)
(contributed/object complement)
(born/predicative)
课 堂 学 习
过去分词
过去分词不能单独用作谓语，但可用于完成时态(have/had +动词过去分词)和被动语态(be+动词过去分词)中构成谓语。
过去分词是非谓语动词(或称非限定动词)的一种。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾补、表语等成分。
动词的过去分词形式：“动词原形+ed”
部分过去分词有特殊形式变化 。
过去分词形式作定语
作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且多表示已完成的动作。过去分词一般位于所修饰的名词之前。过去分词短语通常位于所修饰的名词之后。
e.g. The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
When the delayed flight takes off depends mainly on the weather.
Can you tell the differences between spoken language and written language
The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer’s games.
过去分词形式作状语
作状语时，过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词修饰谓语，说明动作发生的时间、原因、条件、方式等。分词作状语，用于句首比在其他位置更常见。
e.g. United we stand, divided we fall.
Seen from the top of the Tiger Hill, the city of Suzhou was very beautiful.
Encouraged by her English teacher, Lisa soon caught up with her classmates.
过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句
e.g. Praised by the teacher, Judy went red in the face.
→When Judy was praised by the teacher, she went red in the face.
Frightened by the story, the girl didn’t dare to sleep alone.
→As the girl was frightened by the story, she didn’t dare to sleep alone.
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.
→If these seeds are grown in rich soil, they can grow fast.
Defeated for a second time, the player didn’t give in.
→Although the player was defeated for a second time, he didn’t give in.
时间状语
原因状语
条件状语
让步状语
过去分词形式作宾补
作宾补时，分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。过去分词常用于使役动词have, get, make, keep和感官动词see, watch, hear等动词的宾语后面，表达谓语动词引起的宾语的变化，或补充说明宾语的性状。
e.g. When speaking or writing to someone, do your best to make yourself understood.
Owen got his nose hurt when he played football with his teammates.
I heard the door pulled open.
过去分词形式作表语
作表语时，过去分词在be, become, get, feel, look, seem等系动词之后，表示主语的特征或性状。
eg She is married.
The other children looked neglected.
The quarrel the night before seemed forgotten.
2
Fill in the blanks with the help of the beginning letters. Then rewrite the sentences without using past participles and recognise the difference.
1 D______ into 32 counties, Ireland brings in hundreds of thousands of visitors each year due to its golf tourism.
2 Cuba is just south of America, s_________ from it only by the Straits of Florida. It is a country k_______ for its exciting music and dancing.
ivided
Since it is divided into 32 counties, Ireland brings in hundreds of thousands of visitors each year due to its golf tourism.
作状语
eparated
nown
Cuba is just south of America and is separated from it only by the Straits of Florida. It is a country famous for its exciting music and dancing.
作状语
作定语
3 With many parts of the world not m______ yet, researchers have begun a project that involves travelling around the world and taking sample photographs.
4 I__________ by the first European settlers to Australia, the Sunday roast is now considered typical Australian food.
apped
ntroduced
作宾补
Because many parts of the world have not mapped, researchers have begun a project that involves travelling around the world and taking sample photographs.
作状语
Though it was introduced by the first European settlers to Australia, the Sunday roast is now considered typical Australian food.
5 E________ to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica.
6 I_________ by Chinese culture, many capital cities now have Chinatown which are in themselves popular tourist attractions.
xposed
Though they will be exposed to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to visit Antarctica.
作状语
nfluenced
作状语
Because they are influenced by Chinese culture, many capital cities now have Chinatown which are in themselves popular tourist attractions.
3
Below is a passage about the history of the Eiffel Tower before it was considered an iconic attraction. The text contains quite a few verb form mistakes. Correct the mistakes on your own. Then compare your corrections with a partner.
The Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in France, and one of the most visiting monuments in the world. But it wasn't always so popular. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first propose, many were strongly against it. At that time, it would have been the tallest building in the world, and many claim it would destroy the skyline of Paris, or perhaps even destroy some historic landmarks.
_______
visited
_______
proposed
_____
claimed
The chief engineer, Gustave Eiffel, replied say that such a large monument was necessary to symbolise the great efforts of the French people as well as the great advancements in modern engineering, industry, and science. The next year, Eiffel gains approval and the tower was built in time to celebrate the 1889 World Fair in Paris.If you look carefully at the tower, you can still see the names of the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians who help in its construction. Originally, the tower was planned to be taken down after 20 years, but it proved to be too useful as a communications tower, not to mention a giant advertisement board, before finally becomes the iconic attraction that we all know today.
___
saying
_____
gained
____
helped
_______
becoming
Make up sentences with past participles after the examples in the passage.(共15张PPT)
Unit 2
Period 3
Using Language (I)
Discuss what best represents a place
1.通过学习背景知识，了解新西兰文化及风景特点；
2.能理解不同职业的人看待事物的角度的差异并辩证地看待这些观点；
3.能抓取关键信息点和归纳表达观点的方式。
新 课 导 入
What do you know about New Zealand
课 堂 学 习
Do some research to find out more about the following.
1 the Bay of Islands
2 the haka
3 a kiwi bird
4 a geyser
5 a sulphuric pool
6 manuka honey
7 bungee jumping
8 a flock of sheep
Pre-listening
1 the Bay of Islands
The Bay of Islands is a harbour in the far north of New Zealand which has 144 small islands in it. It is a popular destination for sailing, fishing, and tourism.
2 the haka
The haka is a ceremonial dance performed by New Zealand’s native people, the Maori. While there are different kinds of haka which can be performed by both men and women, the most famous haka is a war dance performed by men to frighten their enemies. It includes a lot of shouting and foot-stomping, slapping hands on legs, and the dancers sticking out their tongues. This haka is famously performed by the New Zealand national rugby team, the All Blacks, before games, and was in fact performed on several occasions by New Zealand soldiers before battles during the Second World War.
3 a kiwi bird
The kiwi bird is a nearly blind, flightless bird native to New Zealand which usually comes out only at night. Unlike any other bird, its nostrils are at the end of its long beak. This allows it to easily locate food such as insects. There are five different species of kiwi in New Zealand. All are considered vulnerable or threatened. As an icon of New Zealand, the kiwi is considered by many to be the national bird, and informally people from New Zealand are nicknamed “Kiwis”.
4 a geyser
A geyser is a natural hot spring where the water periodically and forcefully jets out of the ground, often high into the air. Geysers are fairly rare in the world. They are most common in Yellowstone National Park, USA; the Valley of Geysers in Kamchatka, Russia; EI Taito, Chile; the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand; and Iceland.
5 a sulphuric pool
Sulphuric pools are sometimes found in the same area as geysers. These are hot springs which contain heat-loving microorganisms, often giving the pools a bright, colourful appearance, and making them a popular tourist attraction. There are many sulphuric pools in the Taupo Volcanic Zone on the North Island of New Zealand.
6 manuka honey
Manuka honey is made from the nectar of the manuka plant, which is native to Australia and New Zealand. While bees produce honey, the quality and flavour of honey they produce is dependent on the kinds of pollen they gather. Honey produced from manuka flowers is quite thick and dark, and slightly bitter. Many people think that manuka honey has medicinal properties. Although there is no scientific evidence to support this belief, it has driven up the price of manuka honey and made it a prized commodity.
7 bungee jumping
Bungee jumping originated with an ancient adult initiation ceremony on the Pentecost Islands in Vanuatu, where young men jumped off a high platform with vines attached to their feet as a test of their courage and passage into manhood. Inspired by this, three men in England staged the first modern bungee jumps off a bridge in Bristol in 1979. This led to a number of people making bungee jumps for TV shows or as publicity stunts, often off iconic structures such as the Eiffel Tower. One of these men, Alan John Hackett, opened up the first commercial bungee jumping site at the Kawarau Gorge Suspension Bridge in New Zealand.Hackett has since opened up numerous other bungee jumping sites around the world and is perhaps the person single most responsible for making bungee jumping a safe and popular adventure sport. Through Hackett’s efforts, New Zealand has now become a centre for adventure sports tourism, and people still travel from around the world to bungee jump at Kawarau Gorge. (“Bungee is a British regional slang which came to be used for a long elasticated cord.)
8 a flock of sheep
Sheep were first introduced to New Zealand in the late 18th century. Soon, sheep farming became the main industry in New Zealand. In 2019, while there are a little less than 5 million people in New Zealand, there are 26.7 million sheep. While dairy farming has now surpassed sheep farming in New Zealand as the single largest source of income, sheep are still an important part of New Zealand’s economy.
Which attracts you the most
While-listening
2
Listen to a radio programme called Amazing New Zealand. Three speakers are talking about what they believe to best represent New Zealand. Match the speakers with their jobs and their choices.
Dave Edmonds
Felicity James
Jane Smith
writer of the Fantastic Life blog
business journalist
editor of World Nature magazine
the geothermal parks
the New Zealand experience
the Bay of Islands
3
Listen again and take notes. List the reasons given by the speakers why these three things best represent New Zealand.
What best represents New Zealand
Presenters 1: Dave Edmonds (business journalist)
Choice: the Bay of Islands
Reasons:
_________ cruises or ________ tours to ________ the _______ _________ and their _________ _________, as well as tours to _______ and __________ Maori ________
be astonished to _________ the haka on site
_________ and _________ activities make it a popular tourists destination
plenty of great _________
boat
hiking
explode
small
towns
rich
history
observe
experience
culture
see
beaches
water
wildlife
Presenters 2: Felicity James (editor of World Nature magazine)
Choice: the geothermal parks
Reasons:
hot _________
geysers
bubbling __________
sulphuric __________
Presenters 3: Jane Smith ( writer of the Fantastic Life blog)
Choice: the New Zealand experience
Reasons:
Experience NZ’s _________
see a kiwi ________ or a flock of ________
try manuka _________
see the haka
go bungee _________
springs
mud
pools
culture
bird
sheep
jumping
honey
bubbling mud
sulphuric pools
a flock of sheep
bungee jumping
manuka honey
water activities
What best represent NZ
the geothermal parks (chosen by an editor of World Nature magazine)
hot springs
geysers
the NZ experience (chosen by a writer of the Fantastic Life blog)
a kiwi bird
the haka
the Bay of Islands (a business journalist’s choice)
boat cruises
hiking tours
wildlife
Are the three people talking about New Zealand from the same perspective
4
How do the speakers sum up their opinions Complete their sentences with the words you hear.
1 _________, the Bay of Islands is really what best represents New Zealand.
2 ______________, the places that best represent New Zealand are the geothermal parks.
3 ___________, I would like to suggest that tourists not just visit iconic places in New Zealand --- they should experience its culture.
All in all
In my opinion
In short
Sum up
When people talk about the same subject for a long time, they often end by stating the main point of their talk. Such summaries often begin with phrases such as In summary, To sum up, All in all, In short, and so on.
补充：on the whole, as a whole, briefly, in brief, in a word, in conclusion, in my view, as far as I’m concerned, as I have said above
Discuss what best represents China. Brainstorm the following topics and take notes.
the cultural centre
the centre(s) of various cuisines
the best place to see nature
the most diverse region
the economic centre
the music centre
the best place to experience history
the place with the best quality of life
Post-listening
radio host
tour guide
teacher
cleaner
security guard
Choose one place to give a presentation on. Use the expression below to help you.
It’s a leading ... It’s home to/of ... It’s famous/well-known for ...
It has/features ... It’s a ___ centre. It’s the centre of ...
You can visit/see/enjoy ... Some of its attractions include ...
It’s one of the top/best ... in the world. ... allows people to ...
It’s celebrated around the world for ...
Describing special features of a place
Sample Writing
Today, I’d like to introduce you to Beijing, which is a leading cultural, economic, and historical centre in China. Some of its attractions include the Forbidden City, the Temple of Heaven, the Summer Palace, and of course, the Great Wall. Beijing is celebrated around the world for the Peking Opera,and one of China’s most iconic foods, Peking Duck. It features many old neighbourhoods, called hutongs, where you can see how people have lived for hundreds of years. Of course, you can also enjoy modern architecture, such as the “Bird’s Nest”. All in all, if you can only visit one place in China, Beijing is the place to go.
What we've learned today
Could you share it with your classmates (共28张PPT)
Unit 2
Period 4
Using Language (Ⅱ)
Describe an iconic animal
1.通过阅读问答式专栏文章，了解澳大利亚有代表性的动物的特征和习性，掌握文章的结构和写作手法；
2.能用生动形象的语言结构和修辞手法描写我国特色动物。
新 课 导 入
Watch the video and count how many amazing animals of Australia you find. Do you know their names
课 堂 学 习
Pre-reading
Do you know these animals
kangaroo
袋鼠
koala
树袋熊
Tasmanian devil
塔斯马尼亚恶魔
duck-billed platypus
鸭嘴兽
While-reading
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks.
kangaroo:
symbol of the country
koala:
cute but _________
Tasmanian devil:
__________________________
duck-billed platypus:
_______ eggs
well-known
few people know
sensitive
frightening but not violent
lay
Read the text carefully and then finish the mind maps.
Kangaroo
Features: look cute, ____________________________________
Babies: weigh 2g at birth, ___________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Uniqueness: _____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Relationship with humans:______________________________
hit and kick very hard
find their way into their mother’s pouch
to stay safe and warm, sleep and drink milk in that environment until they’re 7 or 8 months old, being independent after learning to jump.
survive in a difficult environment and cannot walk
backwards so always moving forwards.
not for petting
Koala
Features:___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Life habits:_______________________________________________
________________________________________________________
Animal protection:_____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Relationship with humans:______________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
quite cute but very sensitive creatures who can easily panic
because of even small changes in their environment.
spend quite a lot of time eating, sleeping, and hanging onto
tree trunks.
the government made laws against touching koalas in
the interest of animal protection as well as public safety.
interaction with humans can cause them a lot
of stress, if you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos.
Tasmanian devil
Features:______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Diet:__________________________________________________
Uniqueness:_____________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Relationship with humans:_________________________________
about the size of small dogs and look like rather large
black rats, also have a terrible smell.
mostly dead animals.
hunt at night, make loud cries when they are fighting
or eating, the noise they make could wake the dead.
generally not violent towards people
Duck-billed platypus
Features:_________________________________________________________________________________________________
Creature type:_________________________________________
Eggs:________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Uniqueness:____________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
___________________
its nose looks like a duck’s bill, and it has feet like a
duck’s so it can dive under the water but covered in hair.
a primitive mammal with a unique biology.
hatch after about ten days and then the baby platypus nurses
from its mother like all other mammals.
doesn’t use its senses of sight or smell to find food.
It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.
According to these mind maps and answer the question on page 21.
1. When do baby kangaroos begin to spend less time with their mothers
2. Why shouldn't you try to pet a wild kangaroo
3. What do koalas spend most of their time doing
4. Why has the government made it against the law to handle koalas
5. What two things about Tasmanian devils can bother people most
After they are about seven or eight months old and when they begin to jump.
They can hit and kick very hard.
They spend quite a lot of time eating, sleeping, and hanging onto tree trunks.
Interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress.
The noise they make could wake the dead and they have a terrible smell.
6. What do Tasmanian devils like to eat
7. What makes the way duck-billed platypuses give birth so different from other mammals
8. What is the unique way used by duck-billed platypuses to find food
Their diet is mostly dead animals.
It lays eggs in a nest like a bird.
It finds food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.
2
Read the text again. Find at least three rhetorical devices the writer uses to arouse the readers’ interest.
euphemism 委婉语
irony 反语
pun 双关
rhetorical question 反问
repetition 重复
alliteration 头韵
simile 明喻
metaphor 暗喻
metonymy 借喻
allusion 引喻
personification 拟人
hyperbole 夸张
analogy 类比
rhetorical devices
例句 修辞手法 使用原因
This expresses the strength and resolve of the Australians as individuals and as a nation.
Analogy
用类比突出袋鼠作为澳大利亚的标志的原因（意义）
... and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
Repetition
强调可以抚摸考拉的条件
The noise they make could wake the dead.
Hyperbole
突出塔斯马尼亚恶魔让人震颤的叫声
How does the writer describe these animals
3
Write a description of an iconic animal in China.
Brainstorm a list of four iconic animals in China.
giant
panda
大熊猫
Chinese
sturgeon
中华鲟
golden
monkey
金丝猴
Tibetan
antelope
藏羚羊
Do some research and make notes. For example:
where they live
what they eat
what they look like
how they are different from other animals
how they interact with people
any other unusual or interesting
facts about them
Take pandas for example
habitat: in Sichuan
food: bamboo
appearance: black and white; cute
difference from others: mainly live on bamboo; a very low
birth rate …
interaction with people: …
other unusual or interesting facts: …
Then make an outline. The following questions may help you.
What is the key sentence for this expository writing
How to make it attractive, such as asking a question, giving an interesting fact about this animal
What is the logic order of each aspect
How to make the ending more attractive
Using your notes, write a description of one of these animals. Remember to use some rhetorical devices to make your writing vivid and interesting. Then exchange your draft with a partner.
The giant panda
Of all the animals, I like giant pandas best. The giant panda, whose home is in Sichuan Province, is known as the national treasure of China. Pandas live in the beauty of nature where they can enjoy their lives happily.
Giant pandas are very beautiful animals with black and white fur like big cats.
They usually eat bamboo shoots and leaves and live in bamboo forests, where they can climb trees and play games. I like pandas because they are so lovely!
But the population of giant pandas is getting smaller and smaller. Many hunters kill them for their fur and farmers change the nature reserves to make more farmlands. I think giant pandas need our help and protection. We should take actions to protect pandas and let them live in the wild happily.
Language points
1. It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country. 它必须是袋鼠，因为它在全国各地都有广泛的分布。
distribution n.分布；分配；分发
distribute vt.分发；分配；分布；分类
distribute sth. to 把某物分发/配给
distribute according to 根据……分类
distribute among 在……中分发
(1)Please distribute books the students.
(2)The books in the library __ (distribute) according to subjects.
among
are distributed
2. If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed① zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency② of occasions. 如果你想抱一个考拉，你必须去某些许可的动物园，动物专家确保选择作为交流的考拉处于良好状态，而且只有在有限的时间和限频率的场合(才可以)。
①licensed adj.得到正式许可的
license vt.批准；许可n.(＝licence)许可证；执照
license (sb. /sth. ) for sth. 批准……拥有(出售，发放)某物
under license 许可；特许
The restaurant (license) for the sale of beer, but not spirits.
is licensed
②frequency n.发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率
increasing frequency 越来越频繁
at/with...frequency 以……的频率
(1)Accidents on that highway are happening __ increasing frequency.
(2)This radio station broadcasts on four different (frequency).
with
frequencies
3. Its eggs hatch after about ten days, and then the baby platypus nurses from its mother like all other mammals. 它的卵在大约十天后孵化出来,然后鸭嘴兽宝宝像其他哺乳动物一样从它的母亲那里哺乳。
hatch vi.孵出;破壳 vt.使孵出;策划;(尤指)密谋
(1)The young disappeared soon after they ______________. (hatch)
(2)The hen hatches ______ her young by sitting on the eggs.
hatch out 孵出
hatch up 策划（阴谋）；拟定（计划）
were hatched
out
4. It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.
它有通过使用在喙中的电子传感器在水中找到食物的能力。
capacity n.能力;容量
have a capacity of 可容纳......
have a capacity for 有......的能力
have the capacity to do 有坐......的能力
within/beyond one’s capacity 在某人能力之内/超出某人的能力
(1)The pipeline has a capacity some 1.2m barrels a day.
(2)She has an unbounded capacity (imitate) and adopt the new.
of
to imitate
5. They are really quite cute,but the truth is,koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. 它们真的很可爱,但事实是,考拉是非常敏感的生物,它们很容易因为环境的微小变化而惊慌。
【句式剖析】They are...和koalas are...是并列句,the truth is是插入语,who引导的是定语从句,because of是复合介词短语,意为“因为”,后接名词或代词在句中作原因状语。
(1)because of后可接名词或代词,也可接what从句。
e.g.The sports meeting has been put off because of the bad weather.
由于天气不好,运动会被推迟了。
(2)because 是连词,引导原因状语从句。
e.g.We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining heavily.
正下着暴雨,所以我们决定不去爬山了。
6. ..., you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions. 如果你想抱一个考拉，你必须去某些许可的动物园，动物专家确保选择作为交流的考拉处于良好状态，而且只有在有限的时间和限频率的场合(才可以)。
where引导限制性定语从句，是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词。
where引导的定语从句和地点状语从句的区别：
※where引导定语从句时，是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词。
※where引导状语从句时，是从属连词，其引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。
※在有些情况下，where引导的定语从句可转换为where引导的地点状语从句。
(2)Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
在以前曾是沙漠的地方盖起了一幢高楼。
①A tall building was put up .(状语从句)
②A tall building was put up .(定语从句)
where there used to be a desert
at the place where there used to be a desert
Could you list some features of one iconic animal in Australia
