人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Bridging Cultures单元测试（含解析）
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UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37.5分)
A
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90－100，A; 80－89，B; 70－79，C; 60－69，D; Below 60，E．
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in－class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home，both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
( )1．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
( )2．How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
( )3．What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A．You will receive a zero. B．You will lose a letter grade.
C．You will be given a test. D．You will have to rewrite it.
B
Now more than 40 million foreigners around the world are learning Chinese, according to a report. The relationship between the United States and China is becoming more and more important in the world. This has really influenced the growth of Chinese language learning in the US.
I am Chris from the United States. I am one of the many people who are learning Chinese. I am studying at a Confucius Institute in New York. There are 10 students in our class. Some are over thirty years old. Some are middle school students. Our teacher comes from Beijing. He is fun and often tells us interesting things in China.
I think Chinese is difficult to learn. The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. Chinese is completely different from any other language in the world. It will take me a lot of time to learn enough Chinese characters. But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. One important benefit is that it makes me see things from a different point of view, because Chinese is such a different language from English. I think for American students the most important benefit is that learning a challenging language can open up their eyes.
( )4．From the passage we know that ________.
A．Chris is an American B．Chris is thirty years old
C．Chris has been to China D．Chris is in China now
( )5．________ is the most difficult thing of the language for foreigners according to the writer.
A．Listening B．Speaking
C．Reading D．Writing
( )6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．More than 40 million Americans are learning Chinese.
B．Chris’ Chinese teacher is a Chinese.
C．Chris thinks there are few benefits of learning Chinese.
D．Most foreigners don’t think it’s difficult to learn Chinese.
( )7．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the differences between Chinese and other languages
B．the reason for learning Chinese
C．ways of learning Chinese
D．the challenges and benefits of learning Chinese
C
If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(懂两种语言的人)”， who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34．Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists.
( )8．What does the underlined part “grey matter” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Grey hair. B．Material of the brain.
C．Intelligence. D．Difficult situations.
( )9．The experience of learning a second language can ________.
A．change one’s brain completely B．improve one’s maths skills
C．make one smarter than others D．increase the ability to learn
( )10．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the researchers from UCL did another study in Italy
B．a similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second language
C．the research done on the Italians showed a totally different result
D．it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language
( )11．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.
B．You should learn a second language that is not your native language.
C．If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.
D．The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.
D
(2022·全国高考甲卷)Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress，I guess. ”
Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口号)，and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself，” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving(解决). ”
On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2，000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3，000 years，and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat. ”
He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
( )12．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Sydney’s striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development.
D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
( )13．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
( )14．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
( )15．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
Reasons for Studying Abroad
Have you considered studying abroad, but are not sure whether it’s worth your time If you ask anybody who has studied abroad, he or she will most certainly tell you that it is a life－changing experience and one of the most rewarding things he or she has ever done. __16__
__17__ If you don’t talk with native speakers, if you don’t suffer from the awkward language－barrier situations that fill the study－abroad experience, you’re never going to be truly fluent. That said, you can also spend a whole year abroad chatting only with other English speakers. If you’re not uncomfortable, you’re doing it wrong.
Ah, globalization. Governments find it increasingly difficult to ignore challenges. __18__ The Internet slowly dissolves the boundaries on maps. Even the small start－up in your hometown prefers bilingual employees. If you want to stand out in today’s job market, an international perspective is critical.
Studying abroad is not a short－term experience. __19__ You’ll know this country, learn to speak its language and gain an appreciation for its people. Back home, you’ll look for films from there, for restaurants that serve its dishes, for books by its authors. You’ll come alive when it’s mentioned on the news or when you hear a piece of its language on the street. You have lived in it，and it will continue to live in you.
Even the most open－minded students who are studying abroad will be unable to avoid comparing their host country with their home country. __20__ If you’re feeling bored about where you come from, being away will awaken you to all the ways that home is pretty great.
A．And sometimes, home just wins.
B．It will shape you for the rest of your life.
C．Studying abroad can be difficult but also greatly rewarding.
D．Transnational corporations chase markets across the planet.
E．You can study a language from junior high school to college graduation and never gain fluency.
F．There’s no quicker way to discomfort your host or kill a new friendship than to turn down the food they offer to share with you.
G．Here are several reasons for studying abroad that might just convince you that studying abroad is the best thing you can do while in college.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this __21__, it was an encounter(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing __22__. As she swam alongside them, they began to display __23__ signs that danger was near. Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as __24__ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of … not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale __25__ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and yelled her appreciation to the __26__. After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye, feeling __27__ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he __28__ whales in the harbor. Could her whalefriend have __29__ She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly __30__ her friend, and dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she __31__ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its __32__ to hug something much larger than you. So what’s the most __33__ way to thank a whale It’s by caring, learning more about them, and __34__ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, __35__ single?use plastics will make a difference.
( )21．A．chemist B．physicist C．geologist D．biologist
( )22．A．happened B．approached
C．bust D．escaped
( )23．A．rescuing B．warning
C．waiting D．recommending
( )24．A．excitement B．panic
C．surprise D．disappointment
( )25．A．really B．clearly
C．safely D．rudely
( )26．A．woman B．boat
C．shark D．whale
( )27．A．proud B．grateful
C．hopeful D．pitiful
( )28．A．spotted B．pleased
C．targeted D．tracked
( )29．A．welcomed B．suffered
C．returned D．refreshed
( )30．A．waved B．greeted
C．realized D．recognized
( )31．A．combined B．struggled
C．argued D．connected
( )32．A．pretty B．funny
C．tricky D．vital
( )33．A．influential B．particular
C．logical D．incredible
( )34．A．creating B．protecting
C．surrounding D．establishing
( )35．A．donating B．exchanging
C．throwing D．abandoning
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
(2023·云南玉溪高二检测)To change bad habits is never easy，even with many 36．________ (attempt). There is a famous saying 37．________(base) on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we 38．________(repeat) do. ” In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much 39．________(hard) to change. The good news 40．________(be) that we can change，if we understand how habits work.
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，41．________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact 42．________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short－wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat, 43．________(keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. However，the “man－made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy 44．________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature 45．________ (rise) quickly.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是学生会主席李华。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1．回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面)；
2．谈谈收获或感想；
3．表达祝愿与期望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear friends，
How time flies！__________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
John was waiting for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t. Thirteen months ago, in a Florida library he took a book randomly off the shelf and took great interest in the notes in the margin(页边空白). The further he read, the more intrigued(着迷) he was by the notes. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful and profound mind. John couldn’t help picturing in his mind what kind of people the owner would be.
In front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With extreme delight, he couldn’t contain his curiosity and spared a lot of time and effort to locate her address. Eventually and fortunately, all the efforts paid off. He wrote her a letter without any hesitation introducing himself and inviting her to respond.
During the following years the two grew to know each other through the mail, exchanging ideas covering all aspects ranging from classic works to current events, which brightened each other’s life handsomely. John once requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. Later they scheduled their first meeting—7：00 p. m. at Grand Central Station in New York. “You’ll recognise me，” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel(翻领). ” So at 7：00 he was in the station looking for the girl with the red rose.
A girl in a green suit was coming toward him, and she has black hair pulled tightly into a knot at the back of her head, her figure long and slim and her eyes amazingly charming blue, which quickened his heartbeat. Almost uncontrollably he made one step closer to her, with a strong voice yelling at the bottom of his heart but didn’t spot the red rose on her lapel. It was just at this moment that he saw Hollis Maynell—a woman well past 40, with a bright－coloured rose on her coat. The girl was walking quickly away.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
He felt as though he split(裂开) in two, ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，”______________________ _______________________________________________________________________
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES（含解析）
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37.5分)
A
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90－100，A; 80－89，B; 70－79，C; 60－69，D; Below 60，E．
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in－class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home，both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
( )1．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
( )2．How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
( )3．What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A．You will receive a zero. B．You will lose a letter grade.
C．You will be given a test. D．You will have to rewrite it.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
1．C 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)…”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由三部分组成。故选B项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分). ”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。
B
Now more than 40 million foreigners around the world are learning Chinese, according to a report. The relationship between the United States and China is becoming more and more important in the world. This has really influenced the growth of Chinese language learning in the US.
I am Chris from the United States. I am one of the many people who are learning Chinese. I am studying at a Confucius Institute in New York. There are 10 students in our class. Some are over thirty years old. Some are middle school students. Our teacher comes from Beijing. He is fun and often tells us interesting things in China.
I think Chinese is difficult to learn. The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. Chinese is completely different from any other language in the world. It will take me a lot of time to learn enough Chinese characters. But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. One important benefit is that it makes me see things from a different point of view, because Chinese is such a different language from English. I think for American students the most important benefit is that learning a challenging language can open up their eyes.
( )4．From the passage we know that ________.
A．Chris is an American B．Chris is thirty years old
C．Chris has been to China D．Chris is in China now
( )5．________ is the most difficult thing of the language for foreigners according to the writer.
A．Listening B．Speaking
C．Reading D．Writing
( )6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．More than 40 million Americans are learning Chinese.
B．Chris’ Chinese teacher is a Chinese.
C．Chris thinks there are few benefits of learning Chinese.
D．Most foreigners don’t think it’s difficult to learn Chinese.
( )7．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the differences between Chinese and other languages
B．the reason for learning Chinese
C．ways of learning Chinese
D．the challenges and benefits of learning Chinese
【语篇导读】本文介绍了一个美国人克里斯正在学汉语的情况，讲述了他学汉语遇到的困难和他认为学汉语的好处。
4．A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话 “I am Chris from the United States. ”可以得知，克里斯是一个美国人，故A项正确。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. ”可知，答案为D。
6．B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话中的“… more than 40 million foreigners… ”可知，A选项错误；根据第二段最后两句话可知B正确；根据第二段中的“But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. ”可知C项错误；根据最后一段第一句话可知D项错误。
7．D 段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，最后一段讲述了学习汉语的挑战和益处。
C
If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(懂两种语言的人)”， who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34．Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists.
( )8．What does the underlined part “grey matter” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Grey hair. B．Material of the brain.
C．Intelligence. D．Difficult situations.
( )9．The experience of learning a second language can ________.
A．change one’s brain completely B．improve one’s maths skills
C．make one smarter than others D．increase the ability to learn
( )10．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the researchers from UCL did another study in Italy
B．a similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second language
C．the research done on the Italians showed a totally different result
D．it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language
( )11．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.
B．You should learn a second language that is not your native language.
C．If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.
D．The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。通过种种研究发现，学习第二语言可以让人变得更聪明，学习能力也更强。
8．B 词义猜测题。根据短文第二段可知，这种灰色物质属于大脑加工信息的区域。
9．D 细节理解题。根据短文第七段中的“It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. ”可知，学习第二语言可以提高人们学习的能力。
10．B 细节理解题。根据短文的最后一段可知，研究者的发现在一项针对会第二种语言的本土意大利人身上得到印证。
11．A 主旨大意题。根据短文第二段第一句可知，选项A为最佳答案。
D
(2022·全国高考甲卷)Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress，I guess. ”
Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口号)，and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself，” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving(解决). ”
On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2，000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3，000 years，and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat. ”
He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
( )12．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Sydney’s striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development.
D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
( )13．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
( )14．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
( )15．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
12．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor(20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口). ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city(但是是港口造就了城市). ”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。
13．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living(30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生). ”第三段中的“I’ll miss these old boats(我会想念这些旧船的). ”以及第五段中的“Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot(游艇更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣). ”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D项。
14．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings(悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑). ”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony(另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点). ”以及最后一段中的“He is right”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
Reasons for Studying Abroad
Have you considered studying abroad, but are not sure whether it’s worth your time If you ask anybody who has studied abroad, he or she will most certainly tell you that it is a life－changing experience and one of the most rewarding things he or she has ever done. __16__
__17__ If you don’t talk with native speakers, if you don’t suffer from the awkward language－barrier situations that fill the study－abroad experience, you’re never going to be truly fluent. That said, you can also spend a whole year abroad chatting only with other English speakers. If you’re not uncomfortable, you’re doing it wrong.
Ah, globalization. Governments find it increasingly difficult to ignore challenges. __18__ The Internet slowly dissolves the boundaries on maps. Even the small start－up in your hometown prefers bilingual employees. If you want to stand out in today’s job market, an international perspective is critical.
Studying abroad is not a short－term experience. __19__ You’ll know this country, learn to speak its language and gain an appreciation for its people. Back home, you’ll look for films from there, for restaurants that serve its dishes, for books by its authors. You’ll come alive when it’s mentioned on the news or when you hear a piece of its language on the street. You have lived in it，and it will continue to live in you.
Even the most open－minded students who are studying abroad will be unable to avoid comparing their host country with their home country. __20__ If you’re feeling bored about where you come from, being away will awaken you to all the ways that home is pretty great.
A．And sometimes, home just wins.
B．It will shape you for the rest of your life.
C．Studying abroad can be difficult but also greatly rewarding.
D．Transnational corporations chase markets across the planet.
E．You can study a language from junior high school to college graduation and never gain fluency.
F．There’s no quicker way to discomfort your host or kill a new friendship than to turn down the food they offer to share with you.
G．Here are several reasons for studying abroad that might just convince you that studying abroad is the best thing you can do while in college.
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，主要讲述了出国留学的四大理由。
16．G 第一段是导入段，本文主要讲述了出国学习的几大理由，故G项符合文章大意。
17．E 第二段主要讲述了出国留学的最大好处——会让你真正流利地使用所学的语言，故E项符合题意。
18．D 经济全球化是趋势，各国的企业和公司需要双语人才，D项“跨国公司在全球争夺市场”符合上下文语境。
19．B 根据本段第一句和下文的“Back home，you’ll look for…”可知，留学的经历和影响会伴随你的一生，故B项符合题意。
20．A 留学生会把留学所在国与自己的祖国进行比较，有时，祖国会胜出，故A项符合题意。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this __21__, it was an encounter(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing __22__. As she swam alongside them, they began to display __23__ signs that danger was near. Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as __24__ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of … not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale __25__ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and yelled her appreciation to the __26__. After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye, feeling __27__ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he __28__ whales in the harbor. Could her whalefriend have __29__ She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly __30__ her friend, and dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she __31__ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its __32__ to hug something much larger than you. So what’s the most __33__ way to thank a whale It’s by caring, learning more about them, and __34__ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, __35__ single?use plastics will make a difference.
( )21．A．chemist B．physicist C．geologist D．biologist
( )22．A．happened B．approached
C．bust D．escaped
( )23．A．rescuing B．warning
C．waiting D．recommending
( )24．A．excitement B．panic
C．surprise D．disappointment
( )25．A．really B．clearly
C．safely D．rudely
( )26．A．woman B．boat
C．shark D．whale
( )27．A．proud B．grateful
C．hopeful D．pitiful
( )28．A．spotted B．pleased
C．targeted D．tracked
( )29．A．welcomed B．suffered
C．returned D．refreshed
( )30．A．waved B．greeted
C．realized D．recognized
( )31．A．combined B．struggled
C．argued D．connected
( )32．A．pretty B．funny
C．tricky D．vital
( )33．A．influential B．particular
C．logical D．incredible
( )34．A．creating B．protecting
C．surrounding D．establishing
( )35．A．donating B．exchanging
C．throwing D．abandoning
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家Nan Hauser与一头鲸鱼之间的故事。过去30年，她见过无数头鲸鱼，但有一头鲸鱼在她心里始终有个特殊的位置。
21．D 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“As a whale researcher”和下文的内容可知，Nan Hauser是一位海洋生物学家，与一头鲸鱼的偶遇让她闻名于世。故选D项。
22．A 考查动词辨析。在2017年的一天，正当她在海中拍摄鲸鱼时，发生了不同寻常的事。故选A项。
23．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“that danger was near”和“Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed”可知，鲸鱼发出了危险迫近的警告信号。故选B项。
24．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文的“hit”和“one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back”可知，Nan Hauser心里感到非常恐慌。故选B项。
25．C 考查副词辨析。根据下文的“accompanied Nan back to her boat”可知，这头鲸鱼把她安全地护送回她的船上。故选C项。
26．D 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“yelled her appreciation”和下文的“feeling ________for this lifetime encounter”可知，鲨鱼消失之后，她对这头鲸鱼大声喊着感激的话。故选D项。
27．B 考查形容词辨析。根据第一段的“it was an encounter(邂逅)that would make her known worldwide”和上文“yelled her appreciation to the________”可知，她对这次偶遇心存感恩，她也非常感激这头鲸鱼。故选B项。
28．A 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“whales in the harbor”可知，当地渔民打电话说他看见海湾有鲸鱼出没。故选A项。spotted意为“认出，发觉”。
29．C 考查动词辨析。根据上文的内容可知，Nan Hauser在想：是不是救过她的那头鲸鱼回来了。故选C项。
30．D 考查动词辨析。根据上文的“She jumped onto a boat quickly. ”和“instantly”可知，Nan Hauser瞬间认出了救她的那头鲸鱼。故选D项。
31．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文的内容可知，与那头鲸鱼相遇之后，Nan Hauser心里在想要如何感谢它。故选B项。struggle with意为“努力想”。
32．C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“to hug something much larger than you”可知，要想拥抱这头鲸鱼可得费一番工夫，毕竟鲸鱼比人的体格大得多。故选C项。tricky 意为“困难的”。
33．A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“It’s by caring，learning more about them, and________ their habitat. ”可知，Nan Hauser认为感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的办法是多了解、呵护它们并保护好它们的栖息地。比较选项可知，A项符合。故选A项。influential意为“有影响力的”。
34．B 考查动词辨析。根据上题的解析可知，这里是指“呵护它们并保护好它们的栖息地”。故选B项。
35．D 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“single?use plastics will make a difference”可知，不使用一次性塑料将会有助于保护鲸鱼。故选D项。abandoning意为“放弃，抛弃”。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
(2023·云南玉溪高二检测)To change bad habits is never easy，even with many 36．________ (attempt). There is a famous saying 37．________(base) on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we 38．________(repeat) do. ” In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much 39．________(hard) to change. The good news 40．________(be) that we can change，if we understand how habits work.
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，41．________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact 42．________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short－wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat, 43．________(keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. However，the “man－made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy 44．________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature 45．________ (rise) quickly.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球平均地表温度上升的原因及过程，号召人们通过改变日常习惯来改善环境。
36．attempts 考查名词复数。句意：改变坏习惯从来不是容易的，即使做了很多尝试。根据句子中的many可知 ，此处需要使用名词复数形式。故填attempts。
37．based 考查非谓语动词。句意：有一句出自亚里士多德哲学的名言。根据句子结构分析可知，此处base为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词saying，因saying与base是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式，故填based。
38．repeatedly 考查副词。句意：我们不断重复的行为造就了我们。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用副词修饰动词do，故填repeatedly。
39．harder 考查形容词比较级。句意：很快，这种选择就会自然而然地形成一种更难以改变的习惯。根据句子中的much及句意可知，此处表达比较级概念“更难改变”，故填harder。
40．is 考查主谓一致。句意：好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是如何起作用的，我们是可以改变的。根据句子主语news为不可数名词可知，此处需要使用谓语动词单数形式，故填is。
41．which 考查定语从句。句意：气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个普通的含义。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词为“greenhouse effect”，先行词在从句中充当主语，因此需要使用关系代词which。故填which。
42．that 考查同位语从句。句意：自然温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。分析句子可知，此处需要使用连词引导同位语从句，用以解释说明主句中的fact。故填that。
43．keeping 考查非谓语动词。句意：大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，根据会留住一部分热量，使地球气候保持温暖和宜居。分析句子结构可知，此处keep为非谓语动词作状语，因主语“greenhouse gases”与keep是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此需要使用现在分词形式，故填keeping。
44．is trapped 考查被动语态。句意：更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。根据句子主语“heat energy”与动词trap是动宾关系可知，此处需要使用被动语态，故填is trapped。
45．to rise 考查非谓语动词。句意：更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。分析句子结构可知，此处rise为非谓语动词作宾补，结合短语“cause…to do…”意为“致使”可知，此处需要使用不定式，故填to rise。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是学生会主席李华。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1．回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面)；
2．谈谈收获或感想；
3．表达祝愿与期望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear friends，
How time flies！__________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version
Dear friends，
How time flies！ Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange programme, which we all have benefited from. During these two weeks, we have studied and lived together, which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep impression. I think all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities.
Now, on behalf of my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return. I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.
Thank you.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
John was waiting for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t. Thirteen months ago, in a Florida library he took a book randomly off the shelf and took great interest in the notes in the margin(页边空白). The further he read, the more intrigued(着迷) he was by the notes. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful and profound mind. John couldn’t help picturing in his mind what kind of people the owner would be.
In front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With extreme delight, he couldn’t contain his curiosity and spared a lot of time and effort to locate her address. Eventually and fortunately, all the efforts paid off. He wrote her a letter without any hesitation introducing himself and inviting her to respond.
During the following years the two grew to know each other through the mail, exchanging ideas covering all aspects ranging from classic works to current events, which brightened each other’s life handsomely. John once requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. Later they scheduled their first meeting—7：00 p. m. at Grand Central Station in New York. “You’ll recognise me，” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel(翻领). ” So at 7：00 he was in the station looking for the girl with the red rose.
A girl in a green suit was coming toward him, and she has black hair pulled tightly into a knot at the back of her head, her figure long and slim and her eyes amazingly charming blue, which quickened his heartbeat. Almost uncontrollably he made one step closer to her, with a strong voice yelling at the bottom of his heart but didn’t spot the red rose on her lapel. It was just at this moment that he saw Hollis Maynell—a woman well past 40, with a bright－coloured rose on her coat. The girl was walking quickly away.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
He felt as though he split(裂开) in two, ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，”______________________ _______________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
He felt as though he split in two， so keen was his desire to follow the girl, and yet so deep was his longing for the woman whose spirit had truly been in the company with him and upheld his own. However, without a long hesitation, he squared his shoulders and said to the woman, “I’m John, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me! May I take you to dinner？”
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，” she answered softly, “but the young lady in the green suit begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should tell you that she is waiting for you in the restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test！” With his heart nearly full of wild delight, he straightened his back and headed directly to the restaurant.
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37.5分)
A
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90－100，A; 80－89，B; 70－79，C; 60－69，D; Below 60，E．
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in－class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home，both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
( )1．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
( )2．How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
( )3．What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A．You will receive a zero. B．You will lose a letter grade.
C．You will be given a test. D．You will have to rewrite it.
B
Now more than 40 million foreigners around the world are learning Chinese, according to a report. The relationship between the United States and China is becoming more and more important in the world. This has really influenced the growth of Chinese language learning in the US.
I am Chris from the United States. I am one of the many people who are learning Chinese. I am studying at a Confucius Institute in New York. There are 10 students in our class. Some are over thirty years old. Some are middle school students. Our teacher comes from Beijing. He is fun and often tells us interesting things in China.
I think Chinese is difficult to learn. The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. Chinese is completely different from any other language in the world. It will take me a lot of time to learn enough Chinese characters. But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. One important benefit is that it makes me see things from a different point of view, because Chinese is such a different language from English. I think for American students the most important benefit is that learning a challenging language can open up their eyes.
( )4．From the passage we know that ________.
A．Chris is an American B．Chris is thirty years old
C．Chris has been to China D．Chris is in China now
( )5．________ is the most difficult thing of the language for foreigners according to the writer.
A．Listening B．Speaking
C．Reading D．Writing
( )6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．More than 40 million Americans are learning Chinese.
B．Chris’ Chinese teacher is a Chinese.
C．Chris thinks there are few benefits of learning Chinese.
D．Most foreigners don’t think it’s difficult to learn Chinese.
( )7．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the differences between Chinese and other languages
B．the reason for learning Chinese
C．ways of learning Chinese
D．the challenges and benefits of learning Chinese
C
If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(懂两种语言的人)”， who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34．Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists.
( )8．What does the underlined part “grey matter” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Grey hair. B．Material of the brain.
C．Intelligence. D．Difficult situations.
( )9．The experience of learning a second language can ________.
A．change one’s brain completely B．improve one’s maths skills
C．make one smarter than others D．increase the ability to learn
( )10．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the researchers from UCL did another study in Italy
B．a similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second language
C．the research done on the Italians showed a totally different result
D．it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language
( )11．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.
B．You should learn a second language that is not your native language.
C．If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.
D．The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.
D
(2022·全国高考甲卷)Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress，I guess. ”
Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口号)，and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself，” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving(解决). ”
On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2，000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3，000 years，and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat. ”
He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
( )12．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Sydney’s striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development.
D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
( )13．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
( )14．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
( )15．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
Reasons for Studying Abroad
Have you considered studying abroad, but are not sure whether it’s worth your time If you ask anybody who has studied abroad, he or she will most certainly tell you that it is a life－changing experience and one of the most rewarding things he or she has ever done. __16__
__17__ If you don’t talk with native speakers, if you don’t suffer from the awkward language－barrier situations that fill the study－abroad experience, you’re never going to be truly fluent. That said, you can also spend a whole year abroad chatting only with other English speakers. If you’re not uncomfortable, you’re doing it wrong.
Ah, globalization. Governments find it increasingly difficult to ignore challenges. __18__ The Internet slowly dissolves the boundaries on maps. Even the small start－up in your hometown prefers bilingual employees. If you want to stand out in today’s job market, an international perspective is critical.
Studying abroad is not a short－term experience. __19__ You’ll know this country, learn to speak its language and gain an appreciation for its people. Back home, you’ll look for films from there, for restaurants that serve its dishes, for books by its authors. You’ll come alive when it’s mentioned on the news or when you hear a piece of its language on the street. You have lived in it，and it will continue to live in you.
Even the most open－minded students who are studying abroad will be unable to avoid comparing their host country with their home country. __20__ If you’re feeling bored about where you come from, being away will awaken you to all the ways that home is pretty great.
A．And sometimes, home just wins.
B．It will shape you for the rest of your life.
C．Studying abroad can be difficult but also greatly rewarding.
D．Transnational corporations chase markets across the planet.
E．You can study a language from junior high school to college graduation and never gain fluency.
F．There’s no quicker way to discomfort your host or kill a new friendship than to turn down the food they offer to share with you.
G．Here are several reasons for studying abroad that might just convince you that studying abroad is the best thing you can do while in college.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this __21__, it was an encounter(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing __22__. As she swam alongside them, they began to display __23__ signs that danger was near. Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as __24__ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of … not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale __25__ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and yelled her appreciation to the __26__. After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye, feeling __27__ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he __28__ whales in the harbor. Could her whalefriend have __29__ She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly __30__ her friend, and dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she __31__ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its __32__ to hug something much larger than you. So what’s the most __33__ way to thank a whale It’s by caring, learning more about them, and __34__ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, __35__ single?use plastics will make a difference.
( )21．A．chemist B．physicist C．geologist D．biologist
( )22．A．happened B．approached
C．bust D．escaped
( )23．A．rescuing B．warning
C．waiting D．recommending
( )24．A．excitement B．panic
C．surprise D．disappointment
( )25．A．really B．clearly
C．safely D．rudely
( )26．A．woman B．boat
C．shark D．whale
( )27．A．proud B．grateful
C．hopeful D．pitiful
( )28．A．spotted B．pleased
C．targeted D．tracked
( )29．A．welcomed B．suffered
C．returned D．refreshed
( )30．A．waved B．greeted
C．realized D．recognized
( )31．A．combined B．struggled
C．argued D．connected
( )32．A．pretty B．funny
C．tricky D．vital
( )33．A．influential B．particular
C．logical D．incredible
( )34．A．creating B．protecting
C．surrounding D．establishing
( )35．A．donating B．exchanging
C．throwing D．abandoning
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
(2023·云南玉溪高二检测)To change bad habits is never easy，even with many 36．________ (attempt). There is a famous saying 37．________(base) on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we 38．________(repeat) do. ” In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much 39．________(hard) to change. The good news 40．________(be) that we can change，if we understand how habits work.
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，41．________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact 42．________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short－wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat, 43．________(keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. However，the “man－made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy 44．________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature 45．________ (rise) quickly.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是学生会主席李华。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1．回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面)；
2．谈谈收获或感想；
3．表达祝愿与期望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear friends，
How time flies！__________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
John was waiting for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t. Thirteen months ago, in a Florida library he took a book randomly off the shelf and took great interest in the notes in the margin(页边空白). The further he read, the more intrigued(着迷) he was by the notes. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful and profound mind. John couldn’t help picturing in his mind what kind of people the owner would be.
In front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With extreme delight, he couldn’t contain his curiosity and spared a lot of time and effort to locate her address. Eventually and fortunately, all the efforts paid off. He wrote her a letter without any hesitation introducing himself and inviting her to respond.
During the following years the two grew to know each other through the mail, exchanging ideas covering all aspects ranging from classic works to current events, which brightened each other’s life handsomely. John once requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. Later they scheduled their first meeting—7：00 p. m. at Grand Central Station in New York. “You’ll recognise me，” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel(翻领). ” So at 7：00 he was in the station looking for the girl with the red rose.
A girl in a green suit was coming toward him, and she has black hair pulled tightly into a knot at the back of her head, her figure long and slim and her eyes amazingly charming blue, which quickened his heartbeat. Almost uncontrollably he made one step closer to her, with a strong voice yelling at the bottom of his heart but didn’t spot the red rose on her lapel. It was just at this moment that he saw Hollis Maynell—a woman well past 40, with a bright－coloured rose on her coat. The girl was walking quickly away.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
He felt as though he split(裂开) in two, ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，”______________________ _______________________________________________________________________
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES（含解析）
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37.5分)
A
(2022·全国新高考Ⅰ卷)
Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature
Grading Scale
90－100，A; 80－89，B; 70－79，C; 60－69，D; Below 60，E．
Essays (60%)
Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1＝10%; Essay 2＝15%; Essay 3＝15%; Essay 4＝20%.
Group Assignments (30%)
Students will work in groups to complete four assignments(作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard，our online learning and course management system.
Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)
Class activities will vary from day to day，but students must be ready to complete short in－class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’ lecture/discussion，so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally，from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home，both of which will be graded.
Late Work
An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.
( )1．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A textbook. B．An exam paper.
C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
( )2．How many parts is a student’s final grade made up of
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
( )3．What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date
A．You will receive a zero. B．You will lose a letter grade.
C．You will be given a test. D．You will have to rewrite it.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。
1．C 推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)…”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。
2．B 细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In－Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由三部分组成。故选B项。
3．A 细节理解题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date，it will earn a zero(如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分). ”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。
B
Now more than 40 million foreigners around the world are learning Chinese, according to a report. The relationship between the United States and China is becoming more and more important in the world. This has really influenced the growth of Chinese language learning in the US.
I am Chris from the United States. I am one of the many people who are learning Chinese. I am studying at a Confucius Institute in New York. There are 10 students in our class. Some are over thirty years old. Some are middle school students. Our teacher comes from Beijing. He is fun and often tells us interesting things in China.
I think Chinese is difficult to learn. The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. Chinese is completely different from any other language in the world. It will take me a lot of time to learn enough Chinese characters. But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. One important benefit is that it makes me see things from a different point of view, because Chinese is such a different language from English. I think for American students the most important benefit is that learning a challenging language can open up their eyes.
( )4．From the passage we know that ________.
A．Chris is an American B．Chris is thirty years old
C．Chris has been to China D．Chris is in China now
( )5．________ is the most difficult thing of the language for foreigners according to the writer.
A．Listening B．Speaking
C．Reading D．Writing
( )6．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE
A．More than 40 million Americans are learning Chinese.
B．Chris’ Chinese teacher is a Chinese.
C．Chris thinks there are few benefits of learning Chinese.
D．Most foreigners don’t think it’s difficult to learn Chinese.
( )7．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.
A．the differences between Chinese and other languages
B．the reason for learning Chinese
C．ways of learning Chinese
D．the challenges and benefits of learning Chinese
【语篇导读】本文介绍了一个美国人克里斯正在学汉语的情况，讲述了他学汉语遇到的困难和他认为学汉语的好处。
4．A 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话 “I am Chris from the United States. ”可以得知，克里斯是一个美国人，故A项正确。
5．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The biggest challenge for American learners is the writing. ”可知，答案为D。
6．B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句话中的“… more than 40 million foreigners… ”可知，A选项错误；根据第二段最后两句话可知B正确；根据第二段中的“But I think there are many benefits of spending time in learning Chinese. ”可知C项错误；根据最后一段第一句话可知D项错误。
7．D 段落大意题。通读最后一段可知，最后一段讲述了学习汉语的挑战和益处。
C
If you think English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language
According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the earlier people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.
A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London(UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals(懂两种语言的人)”， who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.
“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas. ”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34．Reading, writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the earlier they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，” explained the scientists.
( )8．What does the underlined part “grey matter” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Grey hair. B．Material of the brain.
C．Intelligence. D．Difficult situations.
( )9．The experience of learning a second language can ________.
A．change one’s brain completely B．improve one’s maths skills
C．make one smarter than others D．increase the ability to learn
( )10．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．the researchers from UCL did another study in Italy
B．a similar study was done on native Italian speakers who learn English as a second language
C．the research done on the Italians showed a totally different result
D．it will be easier for one to travel around the world by learning a second language
( )11．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Learning a second language can help improve your brain power.
B．You should learn a second language that is not your native language.
C．If you want to learn a second language, you should do it at a certain age.
D．The research done by the researchers from UCL is very successful.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。通过种种研究发现，学习第二语言可以让人变得更聪明，学习能力也更强。
8．B 词义猜测题。根据短文第二段可知，这种灰色物质属于大脑加工信息的区域。
9．D 细节理解题。根据短文第七段中的“It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. ”可知，学习第二语言可以提高人们学习的能力。
10．B 细节理解题。根据短文的最后一段可知，研究者的发现在一项针对会第二种语言的本土意大利人身上得到印证。
11．A 主旨大意题。根据短文第二段第一句可知，选项A为最佳答案。
D
(2022·全国高考甲卷)Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then，one after another，Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there—broad parks，superb beaches，and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine，and we went our separate ways—he for a lunch break，I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats，” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean？” I asked.
“Oh，they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress，I guess. ”
Everywhere in Sydney these days，change and progress are the watchwords(口号)，and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself，” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving(解决). ”
On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country，” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians，when they came to Australia，brought 2，000 years of their culture，the Greeks some 3，000 years，and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat. ”
He is right，but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
( )12．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．Sydney’s striking architecture.
B．The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C．The key to Sydney’s development.
D．Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
( )13．What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A．He goes to work by boat. B．He looks forward to a new life.
C．He pilots catamarans well. D．He is attached to the old ferries.
( )14．What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A．It is losing its traditions. B．It should speed up its progress.
C．It should expand its population. D．It is becoming more international.
( )15．Which statement will the author probably agree with
A．A city can be young and old at the same time.
B．A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C．Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D．Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼发展中面临的问题。
12．C 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Sometime in the early 1960s，a significant thing happened in Sydney，Australia. The city discovered its harbor(20世纪60年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口). ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city(但是是港口造就了城市). ”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选C项。
13．D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Andrew Reynolds，a cheerful fellow in his early 30s，pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living(30岁出头的Andrew Reynolds是个快乐的小伙子，他在悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生). ”第三段中的“I’ll miss these old boats(我会想念这些旧船的). ”以及第五段中的“Catamarans are faster，but they’re not so elegant，and they’re not fun to pilot(游艇更快，但它们不那么优雅，驾驶起来也不有趣). ”可知，渡轮领航员Andrew Reynolds喜欢老式渡船。故选D项。
14．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的“Shirley Fitzgerald，the city’s official historian，told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s，Sydney swept aside much of its past，including many of its finest buildings(悉尼的官方历史学家Shirley Fitzgerald告诉我，在20世纪70年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的建筑). ”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选A项。
15．A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“On the other hand，being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony(另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻商人Anthony时，我考虑到了这一点). ”以及最后一段中的“He is right”可推知，作者赞同Anthony的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选A项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
Reasons for Studying Abroad
Have you considered studying abroad, but are not sure whether it’s worth your time If you ask anybody who has studied abroad, he or she will most certainly tell you that it is a life－changing experience and one of the most rewarding things he or she has ever done. __16__
__17__ If you don’t talk with native speakers, if you don’t suffer from the awkward language－barrier situations that fill the study－abroad experience, you’re never going to be truly fluent. That said, you can also spend a whole year abroad chatting only with other English speakers. If you’re not uncomfortable, you’re doing it wrong.
Ah, globalization. Governments find it increasingly difficult to ignore challenges. __18__ The Internet slowly dissolves the boundaries on maps. Even the small start－up in your hometown prefers bilingual employees. If you want to stand out in today’s job market, an international perspective is critical.
Studying abroad is not a short－term experience. __19__ You’ll know this country, learn to speak its language and gain an appreciation for its people. Back home, you’ll look for films from there, for restaurants that serve its dishes, for books by its authors. You’ll come alive when it’s mentioned on the news or when you hear a piece of its language on the street. You have lived in it，and it will continue to live in you.
Even the most open－minded students who are studying abroad will be unable to avoid comparing their host country with their home country. __20__ If you’re feeling bored about where you come from, being away will awaken you to all the ways that home is pretty great.
A．And sometimes, home just wins.
B．It will shape you for the rest of your life.
C．Studying abroad can be difficult but also greatly rewarding.
D．Transnational corporations chase markets across the planet.
E．You can study a language from junior high school to college graduation and never gain fluency.
F．There’s no quicker way to discomfort your host or kill a new friendship than to turn down the food they offer to share with you.
G．Here are several reasons for studying abroad that might just convince you that studying abroad is the best thing you can do while in college.
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，主要讲述了出国留学的四大理由。
16．G 第一段是导入段，本文主要讲述了出国学习的几大理由，故G项符合文章大意。
17．E 第二段主要讲述了出国留学的最大好处——会让你真正流利地使用所学的语言，故E项符合题意。
18．D 经济全球化是趋势，各国的企业和公司需要双语人才，D项“跨国公司在全球争夺市场”符合上下文语境。
19．B 根据本段第一句和下文的“Back home，you’ll look for…”可知，留学的经历和影响会伴随你的一生，故B项符合题意。
20．A 留学生会把留学所在国与自己的祖国进行比较，有时，祖国会胜出，故A项符合题意。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
As a whale researcher, Nan Hauser has been awarded the international title of “Earth Ambassador”. While many local people had heard of this __21__, it was an encounter(邂逅) that would make her known worldwide.
One day in 2017, Nan was shooting some videos with the whales, when the most remarkable thing __22__. As she swam alongside them, they began to display __23__ signs that danger was near. Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed. Just as __24__ hit, one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back and out of range of … not a whale but a tiger shark.
After the shark disappeared, the whale __25__ accompanied Nan back to her boat. She climbed aboard and yelled her appreciation to the __26__. After a few minutes, the whale disappeared, and Nan said goodbye, feeling __27__ for this lifetime encounter.
Almost a year later, Nan received a call from a fisherman saying that he __28__ whales in the harbor. Could her whalefriend have __29__ She jumped onto a boat quickly. Nan instantly __30__ her friend, and dived into the water to swim with him.
After Nan’s encounter, she __31__ with how best she could thank the whale. After all, its __32__ to hug something much larger than you. So what’s the most __33__ way to thank a whale It’s by caring, learning more about them, and __34__ their habitat. As for us, we can help in small ways. For example, __35__ single?use plastics will make a difference.
( )21．A．chemist B．physicist C．geologist D．biologist
( )22．A．happened B．approached
C．bust D．escaped
( )23．A．rescuing B．warning
C．waiting D．recommending
( )24．A．excitement B．panic
C．surprise D．disappointment
( )25．A．really B．clearly
C．safely D．rudely
( )26．A．woman B．boat
C．shark D．whale
( )27．A．proud B．grateful
C．hopeful D．pitiful
( )28．A．spotted B．pleased
C．targeted D．tracked
( )29．A．welcomed B．suffered
C．returned D．refreshed
( )30．A．waved B．greeted
C．realized D．recognized
( )31．A．combined B．struggled
C．argued D．connected
( )32．A．pretty B．funny
C．tricky D．vital
( )33．A．influential B．particular
C．logical D．incredible
( )34．A．creating B．protecting
C．surrounding D．establishing
( )35．A．donating B．exchanging
C．throwing D．abandoning
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家Nan Hauser与一头鲸鱼之间的故事。过去30年，她见过无数头鲸鱼，但有一头鲸鱼在她心里始终有个特殊的位置。
21．D 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“As a whale researcher”和下文的内容可知，Nan Hauser是一位海洋生物学家，与一头鲸鱼的偶遇让她闻名于世。故选D项。
22．A 考查动词辨析。在2017年的一天，正当她在海中拍摄鲸鱼时，发生了不同寻常的事。故选A项。
23．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“that danger was near”和“Suddenly, she saw a whale swim towards her at full speed”可知，鲸鱼发出了危险迫近的警告信号。故选B项。
24．B 考查名词辨析。根据下文的“hit”和“one of the whales used its fin to push Nan onto its back”可知，Nan Hauser心里感到非常恐慌。故选B项。
25．C 考查副词辨析。根据下文的“accompanied Nan back to her boat”可知，这头鲸鱼把她安全地护送回她的船上。故选C项。
26．D 考查名词辨析。根据上文的“yelled her appreciation”和下文的“feeling ________for this lifetime encounter”可知，鲨鱼消失之后，她对这头鲸鱼大声喊着感激的话。故选D项。
27．B 考查形容词辨析。根据第一段的“it was an encounter(邂逅)that would make her known worldwide”和上文“yelled her appreciation to the________”可知，她对这次偶遇心存感恩，她也非常感激这头鲸鱼。故选B项。
28．A 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“whales in the harbor”可知，当地渔民打电话说他看见海湾有鲸鱼出没。故选A项。spotted意为“认出，发觉”。
29．C 考查动词辨析。根据上文的内容可知，Nan Hauser在想：是不是救过她的那头鲸鱼回来了。故选C项。
30．D 考查动词辨析。根据上文的“She jumped onto a boat quickly. ”和“instantly”可知，Nan Hauser瞬间认出了救她的那头鲸鱼。故选D项。
31．B 考查动词辨析。根据下文的内容可知，与那头鲸鱼相遇之后，Nan Hauser心里在想要如何感谢它。故选B项。struggle with意为“努力想”。
32．C 考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“to hug something much larger than you”可知，要想拥抱这头鲸鱼可得费一番工夫，毕竟鲸鱼比人的体格大得多。故选C项。tricky 意为“困难的”。
33．A 考查形容词辨析。根据下文的“It’s by caring，learning more about them, and________ their habitat. ”可知，Nan Hauser认为感谢鲸鱼最有影响力的办法是多了解、呵护它们并保护好它们的栖息地。比较选项可知，A项符合。故选A项。influential意为“有影响力的”。
34．B 考查动词辨析。根据上题的解析可知，这里是指“呵护它们并保护好它们的栖息地”。故选B项。
35．D 考查动词辨析。根据下文的“single?use plastics will make a difference”可知，不使用一次性塑料将会有助于保护鲸鱼。故选D项。abandoning意为“放弃，抛弃”。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
(2023·云南玉溪高二检测)To change bad habits is never easy，even with many 36．________ (attempt). There is a famous saying 37．________(base) on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we 38．________(repeat) do. ” In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much 39．________(hard) to change. The good news 40．________(be) that we can change，if we understand how habits work.
Then what is causing the increase in the global average surface temperature Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，41．________ has two common meanings: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man－made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact 42．________ heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short－wave radiation. The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat, 43．________(keep) Earth’s climate warm and habitable. Without this process，Earth could not sustain life. However，the “man－made” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels, more heat energy 44．________(trap) in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature 45．________ (rise) quickly.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了全球平均地表温度上升的原因及过程，号召人们通过改变日常习惯来改善环境。
36．attempts 考查名词复数。句意：改变坏习惯从来不是容易的，即使做了很多尝试。根据句子中的many可知 ，此处需要使用名词复数形式。故填attempts。
37．based 考查非谓语动词。句意：有一句出自亚里士多德哲学的名言。根据句子结构分析可知，此处base为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词saying，因saying与base是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需要使用过去分词形式，故填based。
38．repeatedly 考查副词。句意：我们不断重复的行为造就了我们。根据所给句子可知，此处需要使用副词修饰动词do，故填repeatedly。
39．harder 考查形容词比较级。句意：很快，这种选择就会自然而然地形成一种更难以改变的习惯。根据句子中的much及句意可知，此处表达比较级概念“更难改变”，故填harder。
40．is 考查主谓一致。句意：好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是如何起作用的，我们是可以改变的。根据句子主语news为不可数名词可知，此处需要使用谓语动词单数形式，故填is。
41．which 考查定语从句。句意：气候学家经常提到一个被称为“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两个普通的含义。根据句子结构分析可知，此处为关系词引导定语从句，先行词为“greenhouse effect”，先行词在从句中充当主语，因此需要使用关系代词which。故填which。
42．that 考查同位语从句。句意：自然温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量进入大气层，以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。分析句子可知，此处需要使用连词引导同位语从句，用以解释说明主句中的fact。故填that。
43．keeping 考查非谓语动词。句意：大气中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，根据会留住一部分热量，使地球气候保持温暖和宜居。分析句子结构可知，此处keep为非谓语动词作状语，因主语“greenhouse gases”与keep是逻辑上的主谓关系，因此需要使用现在分词形式，故填keeping。
44．is trapped 考查被动语态。句意：更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。根据句子主语“heat energy”与动词trap是动宾关系可知，此处需要使用被动语态，故填is trapped。
45．to rise 考查非谓语动词。句意：更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。分析句子结构可知，此处rise为非谓语动词作宾补，结合短语“cause…to do…”意为“致使”可知，此处需要使用不定式，故填to rise。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假设你是学生会主席李华。一批来自英国的高中生与你校学生开展了为期两周的交流活动。现在，他们即将回国，你将在欢送会上致辞。请根据以下提示写一篇发言稿。
内容包括：
1．回顾双方的交流活动(如学习、生活、体育、文艺等方面)；
2．谈谈收获或感想；
3．表达祝愿与期望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Dear friends，
How time flies！__________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you.
Yours，
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version
Dear friends，
How time flies！ Two weeks have passed since you came to our school for the exchange programme, which we all have benefited from. During these two weeks, we have studied and lived together, which gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship. Doing sports as a team has enabled us to know each other better. Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep impression. I think all our classmates have learned a lot from our communication and the various activities.
Now, on behalf of my schoolmates, I wish you a safe return. I also hope that there will be more events of this kind in the future.
Thank you.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
John was waiting for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t. Thirteen months ago, in a Florida library he took a book randomly off the shelf and took great interest in the notes in the margin(页边空白). The further he read, the more intrigued(着迷) he was by the notes. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful and profound mind. John couldn’t help picturing in his mind what kind of people the owner would be.
In front of the book, he discovered the previous owner’s name, Miss Hollis Maynell. With extreme delight, he couldn’t contain his curiosity and spared a lot of time and effort to locate her address. Eventually and fortunately, all the efforts paid off. He wrote her a letter without any hesitation introducing himself and inviting her to respond.
During the following years the two grew to know each other through the mail, exchanging ideas covering all aspects ranging from classic works to current events, which brightened each other’s life handsomely. John once requested a photograph, but she refused. She felt that if he really cared, it wouldn’t matter what she looked like. Later they scheduled their first meeting—7：00 p. m. at Grand Central Station in New York. “You’ll recognise me，” she wrote, “by the red rose I’ll be wearing on my lapel(翻领). ” So at 7：00 he was in the station looking for the girl with the red rose.
A girl in a green suit was coming toward him, and she has black hair pulled tightly into a knot at the back of her head, her figure long and slim and her eyes amazingly charming blue, which quickened his heartbeat. Almost uncontrollably he made one step closer to her, with a strong voice yelling at the bottom of his heart but didn’t spot the red rose on her lapel. It was just at this moment that he saw Hollis Maynell—a woman well past 40, with a bright－coloured rose on her coat. The girl was walking quickly away.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
He felt as though he split(裂开) in two, ______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，”______________________ _______________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
He felt as though he split in two， so keen was his desire to follow the girl, and yet so deep was his longing for the woman whose spirit had truly been in the company with him and upheld his own. However, without a long hesitation, he squared his shoulders and said to the woman, “I’m John, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me! May I take you to dinner？”
The woman smiled, “I don’t know what this is about, son，” she answered softly, “but the young lady in the green suit begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should tell you that she is waiting for you in the restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test！” With his heart nearly full of wild delight, he straightened his back and headed directly to the restaurant.