人教版（2019）选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元测试(含解析）
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UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37．5分)
A
(2023·山东枣庄一中高二上学期月考试)Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men’s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below is organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made.
Marie Curie (1867－1934)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields：Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X－rays.
Jane Goodall (1934)
Famous for：Primate(灵长类) studies
Jane Goodall is known world－wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45－year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania.
Rita Levi－Montalcini (1909－2012)
Famous for：Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi－Montalcini was a neurologist(神经病学家) who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). She was the first Nobel Prize winner to live past her 100th birthday.
Lise Meitner (1878－1968)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission(裂变). One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn，was given the Nobel Prize for this work. That Meitner didn’t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
( )1．Who is good at studying primates
A．Marie Curie. B．Jane Goodall.
C．Rita Levi－Montalcini. D．Lise Meitner.
( )2．What did Rita Levi－Montalcini research on
A．Nerve growth. B．The wildlife.
C．Nuclear explosion. D．Radioactivity.
( )3．What do we know about Lise Meitner
A．She was awarded the Nobel Prize.
B．She made a big mistake in her work.
C．She did lots of studies about nerve growth.
D．She made great contributions to nuclear physics.
B
Edwin Hubble made his most important discoveries in the 1920s. Today, other astronomers continue the work he began. Many of them are using the Hubble Space Telescope that is named after him.
Edwin Powell Hubble was born in 1889 in Marshfield, Missouri. He spent his early years in the state of Kentucky. Then he moved with his family to Chicago, in Louisville. He attended the University of Chicago. He studied mathematics and astronomy. Hubble was a good student. He was a good athlete, too. He was a member of the University of Chicago championship basketball team in 1909．He also was an excellent boxer. Several people urged him to train for the world heavyweight boxing championship after college. Instead, he decided to continue his studies. He went to Queen’s College at Oxford, England.
At Oxford, Hubble studied law. He was interested in British Common Law, because his family had come to America from England many years before. He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. He opened a law office in Louisville, Kentucky. After a short time, however, he decided he did not want to be a lawyer. He returned to the University of Chicago. There, once again, he studied astronomy. Edwin Hubble was the first person to use the Hale Telescope. He died in 1953 while preparing to spend four nights looking through the telescope at the sky.
Hubble’s work led to new researches on the birth of the universe. One astronomer said scientists have been filling in the details ever since. And, he said, there is a long way to go.
( )4．According to this passage, Edwin Hubble was most interested in ________.
A．sports B．law
C．astronomy D．mathematics
( )5．Edwin Hubble returned to the University of Chicago because ________.
A．he was interested in British Common Law
B．he was eager to be a famous judge in future
C．his parents had been to Britain a few years before
D．he wanted to go on with the study of astronomy
( )6．Which of the following is the TRUE order according to this passage
a. He joined the University of Chicago championship basketball team.
b. He studied astronomy at the University of Chicago once again.
c. He moved to Louisville with his family.
d. He used the Hale Telescope to look at the sky.
e. He became a lawyer in Louisville for a short period of time.
A．c, a, b, d, e B．a, c, b, e, d
C．c, a, e, b, d D．a, b, d, e, c
( )7．From this passage we can know that ________.
A．the Hubble Space Telescope was made by Hubble himself
B．Edwin Powell Hubble went to Oxford，England in 1910
C．Edwin Powell Hubble grew up in Marshfield，Missouri
D．Hubble died while he was looking at the sky
C
(2023·江苏南京高二上学期联考)Death is natural，but do you have any idea of the process of dying Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases—clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs，have ceased to function，but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活的). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism，combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works，scientists performed an experiment on a six－year－old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic(麻醉药). Then they surrounded her body with ice－bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point, the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes, Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes，spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours，when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
( )8．What can we learn from a person who suffers from the clinical death
A．His most important organs are damaged.
B．He still has the possibility of getting back to life.
C．He can not avoid final death.
D．He is still very much alive.
( )9．Why do scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer
A．To slow down the body’s metabolism.
B．To bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.
C．To cool the organism.
D．To delay the coming of biological death.
( )10．How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death
A．By putting her to sleep，lowering her temperature and draining her blood.
B．By surrounding her body with ice－bags and draining her blood.
C．By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.
D．By draining her blood，lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.
( )11．All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state EXCEPT the fact that________.
A．her heart beat again
B．she regained her normal breath
C．she rejected a penicillin injection
D．she acted as lively as a healthy monkey
D
(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the last seven years，most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the problem，by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents，which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
That is partly because people are driving more，but Mark Rosekind，the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration，said distracted(分心)driving was “only increasing，unfortunately”.
“Big change requires big ideas，” he said in a speech last month，referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior，lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted，emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands－free driving laws.
“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior，” said Félix W. Ortiz，who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand－held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law，he said，“People are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. ”
( )12．Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers’ texting in the US
A．Ineffective. B．Unnecessary.
C．Inconsistent. D．Unfair.
( )13．What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out
A．Where a driver came from. B．Whether a driver used their phone.
C．How fast a driver was going. D．When a driver arrived at the scene.
( )14．What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Advice. B．Data.
C．Tests. D．Laws.
( )15．What is a suitable title for the text
A．To Drive or Not to Drive Think Before You Start
B．Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer
C．New York Banning Hand－Held Devices by Drivers
D．The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
(2023·辽宁沈阳高二检测)Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy，as there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. __16__.
Give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. __17__, children can give more logical，complete and creative answers.
Watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. __18__. But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead，keep things going by saying “That’s interesting or I have never thought of it that way before，” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never force a child to think. __19__ as children are always thinking，without your telling them to.
What’s more，giving them freedom to think can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.
__20__. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
A．It doesn’t make sense
B．Listen to their questions
C．Teach them by examples
D．You only have to share your children’s curiosity
E．It began with a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours
F．When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more
G．These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behaviour
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Super－dad Alan Lawrence, a photographer from Utah, has posted some amazing photos of his son flying in the air.
Lawrence says his two－year－old __21__ Wil was born with a terrible disease－Down Syndrome, but Lawrence is determined that this won’t hold him __22__ in life.
When Wil was little, he would lie on his stomach and __23__ his arms and legs like he was flying. “It wasn’t something any of my other kids did. My family would always __24__ that he was trying so hard that one day he would start __25__，” Lawrence told USA TODAY Network.
He decided to make Wil’s flight a __26__ by using Photoshop to create images of Wil hovering above places the family has visited.
The series of __27__, called “Wil Can Fly”， is part of a 2016 calendar, with half the earnings from sales donated to two Down Syndrome funds. “The series __28__ a reminder that people with Down Syndrome can do anything they set their minds to，” Lawrence says.
Though appearing happy, Alan admitted that he and his wife didn’t always feel so __29__. “After the doctor informed us that he had Down Syndrome, we had __30__. We weren’t quite sure what the __31__ held for our family; we were __32__ and knew very little about what to expect. ”
However, these fears soon __33__ once Wil was born. Alan explains，“In the short two years since he arrived, he has helped our family grow in ways we didn’t realise what we needed. Our family with Wil is happy. ”
And now they’re on their way to __34__ this love and knowledge, saying，“We want to show the world that you can have a __35__ life with a child with Down Syndrome. ”
( )21．A．son B．friend
C．grandson D．student
( )22．A．up B．back
C．over D．on
( )23．A．touch B．fold
C．hurt D．raise
( )24．A．explain B．argue
C．complain D．joke
( )25．A．reading B．walking
C．flying D．speaking
( )26．A．reality B．competition
C．game D．story
( )27．A．books B．photos
C．articles D．reports
( )28．A．searches for B．goes with
C．makes up D．serves as
( )29．A．honest B．optimistic
C．friendly D．independent
( )30．A．researched B．struggled
C．quarreled D．behaved
( )31．A．company B．hospital
C．future D．sport
( )32．A．scared B．interested
C．delighted D．amused
( )33．A．came B．increased
C．disappeared D．gathered
( )34．A．pass B．express
C．share D．exchange
( )35．A．long B．whole
C．personal D．happy
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 36．________(good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 37．________ your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a 38．________(power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co－workers, you can learn to use humour 39．________(solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels，and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships.
Humour plays 40．________ important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humour can be a useful tool not just for attracting the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness 41．________ (arise) when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humour can keep things more exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure of humour 42．________(create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people— 43．________(quality) that are signs of strong and successful relationships. When you laugh with one another，you create a positive relationship between you，44．________ acts as a strong buffer(缓冲剂) against stress，disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 45．________(happy) and join in the fun.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2022·陕西宝鸡统考一模)请你以“Science and Technology Influence Our Life”为题，给校刊“英语角”栏目写一篇英文稿件。
内容包括：
1．举例说明科学技术给学校教育和我们生活带来的新变化；
2．你的感受。
注意：
1． 写作词数应为80左右；
2． 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Science and Technology Influence Our Life
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA．My wife and I were travelling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine, we were looking forward to fun, sun and laughter.
We boarded the aircraft, without a care in the world. It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida. Shortly after taking my seat, I began to feel sick. I knew something wasn’t right but just couldn’t find out what was happening. Being a doctor and a stubborn man, I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance. As the aircraft began its departure roll, I lost consciousness for a short amount of time. As I came around, I quickly realised a few things. Firstly, something very bad had happened to me. Secondly, the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home. Thirdly, my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myself out of control. So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with, but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience.
My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up. I did my best and the flight crew members were so supportive，checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about. It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much. During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurse, bringing blankets, food, drinks and caring and smile. I was thankful to them.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. __________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（含解析）
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37．5分)
A
(2023·山东枣庄一中高二上学期月考试)Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men’s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below is organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made.
Marie Curie (1867－1934)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields：Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X－rays.
Jane Goodall (1934)
Famous for：Primate(灵长类) studies
Jane Goodall is known world－wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45－year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania.
Rita Levi－Montalcini (1909－2012)
Famous for：Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi－Montalcini was a neurologist(神经病学家) who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). She was the first Nobel Prize winner to live past her 100th birthday.
Lise Meitner (1878－1968)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission(裂变). One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn，was given the Nobel Prize for this work. That Meitner didn’t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
( )1．Who is good at studying primates
A．Marie Curie. B．Jane Goodall.
C．Rita Levi－Montalcini. D．Lise Meitner.
( )2．What did Rita Levi－Montalcini research on
A．Nerve growth. B．The wildlife.
C．Nuclear explosion. D．Radioactivity.
( )3．What do we know about Lise Meitner
A．She was awarded the Nobel Prize.
B．She made a big mistake in her work.
C．She did lots of studies about nerve growth.
D．She made great contributions to nuclear physics.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要列举了四位著名的女科学家在各自领域所取得的成就和影响。
1．B 细节理解题。根据Jane Goodall (1934)中的“Famous for：Primate studies”可知，珍妮·古道尔善于研究灵长类。故选B。
2．A 细节理解题。根据Rita Levi－Montalcini(1909—2012)部分中“Famous for：Nerve growth studies(1934)”可知，因为神经发育研究而出名。由此可知，Rita Levi－Montalcini研究的是神经发育。故选A。
3．D 细节理解题。根据Lise Meitner(1878—1968)部分中“Famous for：Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics”可知因为研究放射性和核物理而出名。由此可知，Lise Meitner对核物理学做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。
B
Edwin Hubble made his most important discoveries in the 1920s. Today, other astronomers continue the work he began. Many of them are using the Hubble Space Telescope that is named after him.
Edwin Powell Hubble was born in 1889 in Marshfield, Missouri. He spent his early years in the state of Kentucky. Then he moved with his family to Chicago, in Louisville. He attended the University of Chicago. He studied mathematics and astronomy. Hubble was a good student. He was a good athlete, too. He was a member of the University of Chicago championship basketball team in 1909．He also was an excellent boxer. Several people urged him to train for the world heavyweight boxing championship after college. Instead, he decided to continue his studies. He went to Queen’s College at Oxford, England.
At Oxford, Hubble studied law. He was interested in British Common Law, because his family had come to America from England many years before. He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. He opened a law office in Louisville, Kentucky. After a short time, however, he decided he did not want to be a lawyer. He returned to the University of Chicago. There, once again, he studied astronomy. Edwin Hubble was the first person to use the Hale Telescope. He died in 1953 while preparing to spend four nights looking through the telescope at the sky.
Hubble’s work led to new researches on the birth of the universe. One astronomer said scientists have been filling in the details ever since. And, he said, there is a long way to go.
( )4．According to this passage, Edwin Hubble was most interested in ________.
A．sports B．law
C．astronomy D．mathematics
( )5．Edwin Hubble returned to the University of Chicago because ________.
A．he was interested in British Common Law
B．he was eager to be a famous judge in future
C．his parents had been to Britain a few years before
D．he wanted to go on with the study of astronomy
( )6．Which of the following is the TRUE order according to this passage
a. He joined the University of Chicago championship basketball team.
b. He studied astronomy at the University of Chicago once again.
c. He moved to Louisville with his family.
d. He used the Hale Telescope to look at the sky.
e. He became a lawyer in Louisville for a short period of time.
A．c, a, b, d, e B．a, c, b, e, d
C．c, a, e, b, d D．a, b, d, e, c
( )7．From this passage we can know that ________.
A．the Hubble Space Telescope was made by Hubble himself
B．Edwin Powell Hubble went to Oxford，England in 1910
C．Edwin Powell Hubble grew up in Marshfield，Missouri
D．Hubble died while he was looking at the sky
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了科学家哈勃的成长和学习经历，以及他从事天文学研究的过程。
4．C 细节理解题。第二段和第三段描述了哈勃的学习历程，其中提到了他所涉猎的学科，根据最后的选择能看出他对天文学最感兴趣。
5．D 细节理解题。由第三段倒数第三、四句可知，他回到芝加哥大学的目的是继续学习天文学。
6．C 细节理解题。根据全文的介绍可知，哈勃先是随家人搬到路易斯维尔的芝加哥，然后在芝加哥大学加入了篮球队，之后他从英国回来做了一段时间的律师，然后又学习天文学，最后第一个使用了Hale望远镜。
7．B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后和第三段开头，结合 “He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. ”可知，他是1910年去了英国，三年后又回到美国。
C
(2023·江苏南京高二上学期联考)Death is natural，but do you have any idea of the process of dying Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases—clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs，have ceased to function，but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活的). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism，combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works，scientists performed an experiment on a six－year－old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic(麻醉药). Then they surrounded her body with ice－bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point, the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes, Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes，spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours，when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
( )8．What can we learn from a person who suffers from the clinical death
A．His most important organs are damaged.
B．He still has the possibility of getting back to life.
C．He can not avoid final death.
D．He is still very much alive.
( )9．Why do scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer
A．To slow down the body’s metabolism.
B．To bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.
C．To cool the organism.
D．To delay the coming of biological death.
( )10．How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death
A．By putting her to sleep，lowering her temperature and draining her blood.
B．By surrounding her body with ice－bags and draining her blood.
C．By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.
D．By draining her blood，lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.
( )11．All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state EXCEPT the fact that________.
A．her heart beat again
B．she regained her normal breath
C．she rejected a penicillin injection
D．she acted as lively as a healthy monkey
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们为了延缓生物学死亡期的到来、延长临床死亡的时间所做的研究。
8．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs，have ceased to function，but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived. ”可知，被诊断为临床死亡的人仍有可能起死回生。所以答案选B。
9．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第一句中的“so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs”可知，科学家们延长临床死亡的时间是为了延缓生物学死亡期的到来。所以答案选D。
10．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的一些关键词，如“put Keta to sleep”“surrounded her body with ice－bags”“draining blood”可知，详细过程与A项描述一致，故选A。
11．C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，Keta的心脏恢复了跳动，它开始自主呼吸，后来睁开眼睛，抬起头，这些是正常的身体状况。它夺过注射器然后逃避注射盘尼西林的行动只是动物的本能反应，所以答案选C。
D
(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the last seven years，most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the problem，by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents，which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
That is partly because people are driving more，but Mark Rosekind，the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration，said distracted(分心)driving was “only increasing，unfortunately”.
“Big change requires big ideas，” he said in a speech last month，referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior，lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted，emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands－free driving laws.
“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior，” said Félix W. Ortiz，who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand－held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law，he said，“People are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. ”
( )12．Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers’ texting in the US
A．Ineffective. B．Unnecessary.
C．Inconsistent. D．Unfair.
( )13．What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out
A．Where a driver came from. B．Whether a driver used their phone.
C．How fast a driver was going. D．When a driver arrived at the scene.
( )14．What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Advice. B．Data.
C．Tests. D．Laws.
( )15．What is a suitable title for the text
A．To Drive or Not to Drive Think Before You Start
B．Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer
C．New York Banning Hand－Held Devices by Drivers
D．The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer
【语篇导读】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer(短信监控器)的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。
12．A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over the last seven years，most states have banned texting by drivers，and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel(在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机). ”以及第二段中的“Yet the problem，by just about any measure，appears to be getting worse(然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化). ”可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。
13．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted，emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands－free driving laws(这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情). ”可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符。故选B。
14．D 词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior(我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西). ”可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law，he said，’People are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone’(他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们会更害怕拿起手机). ”可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。收到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。
15．B 标题推测题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中的“That is partly because people are driving more(部分原因是开车的人越来越多). ”解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B项Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer(发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器)适合文章的标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
(2023·辽宁沈阳高二检测)Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy，as there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. __16__.
Give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. __17__, children can give more logical，complete and creative answers.
Watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. __18__. But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead，keep things going by saying “That’s interesting or I have never thought of it that way before，” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never force a child to think. __19__ as children are always thinking，without your telling them to.
What’s more，giving them freedom to think can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.
__20__. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
A．It doesn’t make sense
B．Listen to their questions
C．Teach them by examples
D．You only have to share your children’s curiosity
E．It began with a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours
F．When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more
G．These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behaviour
【语篇导读】本文就如何帮助孩子观察周围的世界、喜爱科学提出了一些建议。
16．D 根据上文“Helping them enjoy science can be easy，as there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment(帮助他们享受科学很容易，因为不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备). ”可知，此处应填“你只需要分享你孩子的好奇心”。
17．F 根据下文“children can give more logical，complete and creative answers(孩子们可以给出更符合逻辑、更完整、更有创意的答案). ”可知，其原因是“成年人把他们的等待时间增加到3秒或更长”。
18．G 根据下文“But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over(但是在谈论科学的时候，快速的赞扬可以表明讨论已经结束). ”可知，此处应填“当涉及鼓励好的行为时，这些词很有用”。故选G．
19．A 根据上文“Never force a child to think(永远不要强迫孩子思考). ”可知，此处应填“这没有道理”。
20．C 根据下文“Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program(现实生活中对自然的印象比孩子们从书本或电视节目中学到的任何东西都要深刻得多). ”可知，此处应填“用例子来教他们”。故选C。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Super－dad Alan Lawrence, a photographer from Utah, has posted some amazing photos of his son flying in the air.
Lawrence says his two－year－old __21__ Wil was born with a terrible disease－Down Syndrome, but Lawrence is determined that this won’t hold him __22__ in life.
When Wil was little, he would lie on his stomach and __23__ his arms and legs like he was flying. “It wasn’t something any of my other kids did. My family would always __24__ that he was trying so hard that one day he would start __25__，” Lawrence told USA TODAY Network.
He decided to make Wil’s flight a __26__ by using Photoshop to create images of Wil hovering above places the family has visited.
The series of __27__, called “Wil Can Fly”， is part of a 2016 calendar, with half the earnings from sales donated to two Down Syndrome funds. “The series __28__ a reminder that people with Down Syndrome can do anything they set their minds to，” Lawrence says.
Though appearing happy, Alan admitted that he and his wife didn’t always feel so __29__. “After the doctor informed us that he had Down Syndrome, we had __30__. We weren’t quite sure what the __31__ held for our family; we were __32__ and knew very little about what to expect. ”
However, these fears soon __33__ once Wil was born. Alan explains，“In the short two years since he arrived, he has helped our family grow in ways we didn’t realise what we needed. Our family with Wil is happy. ”
And now they’re on their way to __34__ this love and knowledge, saying，“We want to show the world that you can have a __35__ life with a child with Down Syndrome. ”
( )21．A．son B．friend
C．grandson D．student
( )22．A．up B．back
C．over D．on
( )23．A．touch B．fold
C．hurt D．raise
( )24．A．explain B．argue
C．complain D．joke
( )25．A．reading B．walking
C．flying D．speaking
( )26．A．reality B．competition
C．game D．story
( )27．A．books B．photos
C．articles D．reports
( )28．A．searches for B．goes with
C．makes up D．serves as
( )29．A．honest B．optimistic
C．friendly D．independent
( )30．A．researched B．struggled
C．quarreled D．behaved
( )31．A．company B．hospital
C．future D．sport
( )32．A．scared B．interested
C．delighted D．amused
( )33．A．came B．increased
C．disappeared D．gathered
( )34．A．pass B．express
C．share D．exchange
( )35．A．long B．whole
C．personal D．happy
【语篇导读】艾伦·劳伦斯来自美国犹他州，他的儿子威尔不幸患上唐氏综合征。作为一个父亲，他并没有因此感到沮丧，而是通过自己的创意为儿子创造了一系列有趣的飞行图像。艾伦想告诉两岁的儿子，尽管他患有疾病，他还是可以做任何自己想要做的事情。
21．A 根据首段可知，威尔是艾伦两岁的儿子。
22．B 根据第五段中的“The series serves as a reminder that people with Down Syndrome can do anything they set their minds to … ”可知，艾伦不会因为儿子患有这样的疾病就停滞不前。hold back意为“阻止……的发展；抑制”。
23．D 威尔很小就喜欢趴着将胳膊和腿往上抬，好像在飞翔。
24．D “我”的家人总是会开玩笑说，他是如此努力，有一天会开始飞翔的。
25．C 根据句意可知，此处与上文对应，应选飞翔。
26．A 儿子渴望飞翔，艾伦通过自己的创意帮儿子把梦想变成现实。
27．B 根据上一段中的“He decided to make Wil’s flight a reality by using Photoshop to create images of Wil hovering above places the family has visited. ”可知，这是一系列的照片。
28．D 这组照片要告诉人们，不幸患有这种疾病的孩子也能做任何自己想做的事情。
29．B 根据下文艾伦说的话可知，艾伦和家人刚开始可没有这么乐观。
30．B 当医生告诉艾伦和家人儿子患有唐氏综合征时，夫妻俩曾经很挣扎。
31．C 夫妻俩对未来感到很迷茫。
32．A 根据下文“these fears soon disappeared once Wil was born”可知，夫妻俩刚开始很害怕。
33．C 随着儿子威尔的降生，夫妻俩的恐惧感消失了。
34．C 根据下文“We want to show the world that you can have a happy life with a child with Down Syndrome. ”可知，夫妻俩要把这种爱和对唐氏综合征的认识与大家分享。
35．D 夫妻俩想让世人知道，不幸患有这种疾病的孩子的家庭，也能过上幸福的生活。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 36．________(good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 37．________ your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a 38．________(power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co－workers, you can learn to use humour 39．________(solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels，and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships.
Humour plays 40．________ important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humour can be a useful tool not just for attracting the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness 41．________ (arise) when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humour can keep things more exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure of humour 42．________(create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people— 43．________(quality) that are signs of strong and successful relationships. When you laugh with one another，you create a positive relationship between you，44．________ acts as a strong buffer(缓冲剂) against stress，disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 45．________(happy) and join in the fun.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。笑是良药，它在我们的生活中无比重要。
36．best 根据空前的the可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。
37．for 固定短语be good for… 意为“对……有好处”。
38．powerful 形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词tool。
39．to solve 短语use sth. to do sth. 意为“用……来做某事”。
40．an 短语play an important role in… 意为“在……中发挥重要的作用”。
41．arising awkwardness与arise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
42．creates 主语为动名词短语，且本句陈述一般事实，故填create的第三人称单数形式creates。
43．qualities 根据空格后的are signs可知，此处填名词的复数形式。
44．which 空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，故填which。
45．happily 副词修饰省略to的动词不定式，所以答案为happily。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2022·陕西宝鸡统考一模)请你以“Science and Technology Influence Our Life”为题，给校刊“英语角”栏目写一篇英文稿件。
内容包括：
1．举例说明科学技术给学校教育和我们生活带来的新变化；
2．你的感受。
注意：
1． 写作词数应为80左右；
2． 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Science and Technology Influence Our Life
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Science and Technology Influence Our Life
Science and technology have been deeply influencing both our life and study.
Take our school for example. Now there are several HD－cameras monitoring the whole campus in case of emergency or school bullying. At meal time, we can watch TV news in the dinning hall, learning the latest international and domestic events. Not only can our teachers use multimedia equipment to make their classes more lively, but also they can mark papers on the computer, which greatly improves the efficiency of paper－scoring.
Additionally, in our daily life we can do many things conveniently, such as paying by Alipay, getting food by card, going to school by shared bike and so on.
In a word, it is the development of science and technology that makes such a comfortable and convenient life available to us.
第二节(满分25分)
My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA．My wife and I were travelling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine, we were looking forward to fun, sun and laughter.
We boarded the aircraft, without a care in the world. It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida. Shortly after taking my seat, I began to feel sick. I knew something wasn’t right but just couldn’t find out what was happening. Being a doctor and a stubborn man, I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance. As the aircraft began its departure roll, I lost consciousness for a short amount of time. As I came around, I quickly realised a few things. Firstly, something very bad had happened to me. Secondly, the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home. Thirdly, my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myself out of control. So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with, but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience.
My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up. I did my best and the flight crew members were so supportive，checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about. It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much. During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurse, bringing blankets, food, drinks and caring and smile. I was thankful to them.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. __________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. As I was in my seat, I looked up and see the captain standing with a warm smile. “What can I do for you？” the captain asked. I told him I was OK. I was very embarrassed and concerned because of the previous things. He said, “What sizes of pants do you wear？” His voice was full of care. I was puzzled and replied，“34×34．Why do you ask this？”
Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. The man opened his own luggage and gave a complete stranger his pants. I didn’t know what to say. Then I looked at my wife, who smiled without saying a word, let me know it was OK. I made my way to the exit and he said，“Change on the aircraft. It is fine. ” Because of the experience, I was thankful to him for his kindness. I made up my mind to treat others with kindness.
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37．5分)
A
(2023·山东枣庄一中高二上学期月考试)Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men’s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below is organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made.
Marie Curie (1867－1934)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields：Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X－rays.
Jane Goodall (1934)
Famous for：Primate(灵长类) studies
Jane Goodall is known world－wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45－year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania.
Rita Levi－Montalcini (1909－2012)
Famous for：Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi－Montalcini was a neurologist(神经病学家) who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). She was the first Nobel Prize winner to live past her 100th birthday.
Lise Meitner (1878－1968)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission(裂变). One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn，was given the Nobel Prize for this work. That Meitner didn’t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
( )1．Who is good at studying primates
A．Marie Curie. B．Jane Goodall.
C．Rita Levi－Montalcini. D．Lise Meitner.
( )2．What did Rita Levi－Montalcini research on
A．Nerve growth. B．The wildlife.
C．Nuclear explosion. D．Radioactivity.
( )3．What do we know about Lise Meitner
A．She was awarded the Nobel Prize.
B．She made a big mistake in her work.
C．She did lots of studies about nerve growth.
D．She made great contributions to nuclear physics.
B
Edwin Hubble made his most important discoveries in the 1920s. Today, other astronomers continue the work he began. Many of them are using the Hubble Space Telescope that is named after him.
Edwin Powell Hubble was born in 1889 in Marshfield, Missouri. He spent his early years in the state of Kentucky. Then he moved with his family to Chicago, in Louisville. He attended the University of Chicago. He studied mathematics and astronomy. Hubble was a good student. He was a good athlete, too. He was a member of the University of Chicago championship basketball team in 1909．He also was an excellent boxer. Several people urged him to train for the world heavyweight boxing championship after college. Instead, he decided to continue his studies. He went to Queen’s College at Oxford, England.
At Oxford, Hubble studied law. He was interested in British Common Law, because his family had come to America from England many years before. He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. He opened a law office in Louisville, Kentucky. After a short time, however, he decided he did not want to be a lawyer. He returned to the University of Chicago. There, once again, he studied astronomy. Edwin Hubble was the first person to use the Hale Telescope. He died in 1953 while preparing to spend four nights looking through the telescope at the sky.
Hubble’s work led to new researches on the birth of the universe. One astronomer said scientists have been filling in the details ever since. And, he said, there is a long way to go.
( )4．According to this passage, Edwin Hubble was most interested in ________.
A．sports B．law
C．astronomy D．mathematics
( )5．Edwin Hubble returned to the University of Chicago because ________.
A．he was interested in British Common Law
B．he was eager to be a famous judge in future
C．his parents had been to Britain a few years before
D．he wanted to go on with the study of astronomy
( )6．Which of the following is the TRUE order according to this passage
a. He joined the University of Chicago championship basketball team.
b. He studied astronomy at the University of Chicago once again.
c. He moved to Louisville with his family.
d. He used the Hale Telescope to look at the sky.
e. He became a lawyer in Louisville for a short period of time.
A．c, a, b, d, e B．a, c, b, e, d
C．c, a, e, b, d D．a, b, d, e, c
( )7．From this passage we can know that ________.
A．the Hubble Space Telescope was made by Hubble himself
B．Edwin Powell Hubble went to Oxford，England in 1910
C．Edwin Powell Hubble grew up in Marshfield，Missouri
D．Hubble died while he was looking at the sky
C
(2023·江苏南京高二上学期联考)Death is natural，but do you have any idea of the process of dying Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases—clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs，have ceased to function，but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活的). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism，combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works，scientists performed an experiment on a six－year－old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic(麻醉药). Then they surrounded her body with ice－bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point, the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes, Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes，spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours，when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
( )8．What can we learn from a person who suffers from the clinical death
A．His most important organs are damaged.
B．He still has the possibility of getting back to life.
C．He can not avoid final death.
D．He is still very much alive.
( )9．Why do scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer
A．To slow down the body’s metabolism.
B．To bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.
C．To cool the organism.
D．To delay the coming of biological death.
( )10．How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death
A．By putting her to sleep，lowering her temperature and draining her blood.
B．By surrounding her body with ice－bags and draining her blood.
C．By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.
D．By draining her blood，lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.
( )11．All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state EXCEPT the fact that________.
A．her heart beat again
B．she regained her normal breath
C．she rejected a penicillin injection
D．she acted as lively as a healthy monkey
D
(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the last seven years，most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the problem，by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents，which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
That is partly because people are driving more，but Mark Rosekind，the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration，said distracted(分心)driving was “only increasing，unfortunately”.
“Big change requires big ideas，” he said in a speech last month，referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior，lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted，emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands－free driving laws.
“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior，” said Félix W. Ortiz，who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand－held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law，he said，“People are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. ”
( )12．Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers’ texting in the US
A．Ineffective. B．Unnecessary.
C．Inconsistent. D．Unfair.
( )13．What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out
A．Where a driver came from. B．Whether a driver used their phone.
C．How fast a driver was going. D．When a driver arrived at the scene.
( )14．What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Advice. B．Data.
C．Tests. D．Laws.
( )15．What is a suitable title for the text
A．To Drive or Not to Drive Think Before You Start
B．Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer
C．New York Banning Hand－Held Devices by Drivers
D．The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
(2023·辽宁沈阳高二检测)Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy，as there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. __16__.
Give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. __17__, children can give more logical，complete and creative answers.
Watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. __18__. But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead，keep things going by saying “That’s interesting or I have never thought of it that way before，” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never force a child to think. __19__ as children are always thinking，without your telling them to.
What’s more，giving them freedom to think can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.
__20__. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
A．It doesn’t make sense
B．Listen to their questions
C．Teach them by examples
D．You only have to share your children’s curiosity
E．It began with a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours
F．When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more
G．These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behaviour
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Super－dad Alan Lawrence, a photographer from Utah, has posted some amazing photos of his son flying in the air.
Lawrence says his two－year－old __21__ Wil was born with a terrible disease－Down Syndrome, but Lawrence is determined that this won’t hold him __22__ in life.
When Wil was little, he would lie on his stomach and __23__ his arms and legs like he was flying. “It wasn’t something any of my other kids did. My family would always __24__ that he was trying so hard that one day he would start __25__，” Lawrence told USA TODAY Network.
He decided to make Wil’s flight a __26__ by using Photoshop to create images of Wil hovering above places the family has visited.
The series of __27__, called “Wil Can Fly”， is part of a 2016 calendar, with half the earnings from sales donated to two Down Syndrome funds. “The series __28__ a reminder that people with Down Syndrome can do anything they set their minds to，” Lawrence says.
Though appearing happy, Alan admitted that he and his wife didn’t always feel so __29__. “After the doctor informed us that he had Down Syndrome, we had __30__. We weren’t quite sure what the __31__ held for our family; we were __32__ and knew very little about what to expect. ”
However, these fears soon __33__ once Wil was born. Alan explains，“In the short two years since he arrived, he has helped our family grow in ways we didn’t realise what we needed. Our family with Wil is happy. ”
And now they’re on their way to __34__ this love and knowledge, saying，“We want to show the world that you can have a __35__ life with a child with Down Syndrome. ”
( )21．A．son B．friend
C．grandson D．student
( )22．A．up B．back
C．over D．on
( )23．A．touch B．fold
C．hurt D．raise
( )24．A．explain B．argue
C．complain D．joke
( )25．A．reading B．walking
C．flying D．speaking
( )26．A．reality B．competition
C．game D．story
( )27．A．books B．photos
C．articles D．reports
( )28．A．searches for B．goes with
C．makes up D．serves as
( )29．A．honest B．optimistic
C．friendly D．independent
( )30．A．researched B．struggled
C．quarreled D．behaved
( )31．A．company B．hospital
C．future D．sport
( )32．A．scared B．interested
C．delighted D．amused
( )33．A．came B．increased
C．disappeared D．gathered
( )34．A．pass B．express
C．share D．exchange
( )35．A．long B．whole
C．personal D．happy
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 36．________(good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 37．________ your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a 38．________(power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co－workers, you can learn to use humour 39．________(solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels，and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships.
Humour plays 40．________ important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humour can be a useful tool not just for attracting the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness 41．________ (arise) when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humour can keep things more exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure of humour 42．________(create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people— 43．________(quality) that are signs of strong and successful relationships. When you laugh with one another，you create a positive relationship between you，44．________ acts as a strong buffer(缓冲剂) against stress，disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 45．________(happy) and join in the fun.
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2022·陕西宝鸡统考一模)请你以“Science and Technology Influence Our Life”为题，给校刊“英语角”栏目写一篇英文稿件。
内容包括：
1．举例说明科学技术给学校教育和我们生活带来的新变化；
2．你的感受。
注意：
1． 写作词数应为80左右；
2． 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Science and Technology Influence Our Life
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA．My wife and I were travelling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine, we were looking forward to fun, sun and laughter.
We boarded the aircraft, without a care in the world. It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida. Shortly after taking my seat, I began to feel sick. I knew something wasn’t right but just couldn’t find out what was happening. Being a doctor and a stubborn man, I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance. As the aircraft began its departure roll, I lost consciousness for a short amount of time. As I came around, I quickly realised a few things. Firstly, something very bad had happened to me. Secondly, the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home. Thirdly, my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myself out of control. So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with, but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience.
My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up. I did my best and the flight crew members were so supportive，checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about. It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much. During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurse, bringing blankets, food, drinks and caring and smile. I was thankful to them.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. __________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS（含解析）
(满分：120分 建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2．5分， 满分37．5分)
A
(2023·山东枣庄一中高二上学期月考试)Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men’s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below is organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made.
Marie Curie (1867－1934)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields：Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X－rays.
Jane Goodall (1934)
Famous for：Primate(灵长类) studies
Jane Goodall is known world－wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45－year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania.
Rita Levi－Montalcini (1909－2012)
Famous for：Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi－Montalcini was a neurologist(神经病学家) who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). She was the first Nobel Prize winner to live past her 100th birthday.
Lise Meitner (1878－1968)
Famous for：Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission(裂变). One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn，was given the Nobel Prize for this work. That Meitner didn’t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
( )1．Who is good at studying primates
A．Marie Curie. B．Jane Goodall.
C．Rita Levi－Montalcini. D．Lise Meitner.
( )2．What did Rita Levi－Montalcini research on
A．Nerve growth. B．The wildlife.
C．Nuclear explosion. D．Radioactivity.
( )3．What do we know about Lise Meitner
A．She was awarded the Nobel Prize.
B．She made a big mistake in her work.
C．She did lots of studies about nerve growth.
D．She made great contributions to nuclear physics.
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要列举了四位著名的女科学家在各自领域所取得的成就和影响。
1．B 细节理解题。根据Jane Goodall (1934)中的“Famous for：Primate studies”可知，珍妮·古道尔善于研究灵长类。故选B。
2．A 细节理解题。根据Rita Levi－Montalcini(1909—2012)部分中“Famous for：Nerve growth studies(1934)”可知，因为神经发育研究而出名。由此可知，Rita Levi－Montalcini研究的是神经发育。故选A。
3．D 细节理解题。根据Lise Meitner(1878—1968)部分中“Famous for：Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics”可知因为研究放射性和核物理而出名。由此可知，Lise Meitner对核物理学做出了巨大的贡献。故选D。
B
Edwin Hubble made his most important discoveries in the 1920s. Today, other astronomers continue the work he began. Many of them are using the Hubble Space Telescope that is named after him.
Edwin Powell Hubble was born in 1889 in Marshfield, Missouri. He spent his early years in the state of Kentucky. Then he moved with his family to Chicago, in Louisville. He attended the University of Chicago. He studied mathematics and astronomy. Hubble was a good student. He was a good athlete, too. He was a member of the University of Chicago championship basketball team in 1909．He also was an excellent boxer. Several people urged him to train for the world heavyweight boxing championship after college. Instead, he decided to continue his studies. He went to Queen’s College at Oxford, England.
At Oxford, Hubble studied law. He was interested in British Common Law, because his family had come to America from England many years before. He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. He opened a law office in Louisville, Kentucky. After a short time, however, he decided he did not want to be a lawyer. He returned to the University of Chicago. There, once again, he studied astronomy. Edwin Hubble was the first person to use the Hale Telescope. He died in 1953 while preparing to spend four nights looking through the telescope at the sky.
Hubble’s work led to new researches on the birth of the universe. One astronomer said scientists have been filling in the details ever since. And, he said, there is a long way to go.
( )4．According to this passage, Edwin Hubble was most interested in ________.
A．sports B．law
C．astronomy D．mathematics
( )5．Edwin Hubble returned to the University of Chicago because ________.
A．he was interested in British Common Law
B．he was eager to be a famous judge in future
C．his parents had been to Britain a few years before
D．he wanted to go on with the study of astronomy
( )6．Which of the following is the TRUE order according to this passage
a. He joined the University of Chicago championship basketball team.
b. He studied astronomy at the University of Chicago once again.
c. He moved to Louisville with his family.
d. He used the Hale Telescope to look at the sky.
e. He became a lawyer in Louisville for a short period of time.
A．c, a, b, d, e B．a, c, b, e, d
C．c, a, e, b, d D．a, b, d, e, c
( )7．From this passage we can know that ________.
A．the Hubble Space Telescope was made by Hubble himself
B．Edwin Powell Hubble went to Oxford，England in 1910
C．Edwin Powell Hubble grew up in Marshfield，Missouri
D．Hubble died while he was looking at the sky
【语篇导读】本文主要介绍了科学家哈勃的成长和学习经历，以及他从事天文学研究的过程。
4．C 细节理解题。第二段和第三段描述了哈勃的学习历程，其中提到了他所涉猎的学科，根据最后的选择能看出他对天文学最感兴趣。
5．D 细节理解题。由第三段倒数第三、四句可知，他回到芝加哥大学的目的是继续学习天文学。
6．C 细节理解题。根据全文的介绍可知，哈勃先是随家人搬到路易斯维尔的芝加哥，然后在芝加哥大学加入了篮球队，之后他从英国回来做了一段时间的律师，然后又学习天文学，最后第一个使用了Hale望远镜。
7．B 推理判断题。根据第二段最后和第三段开头，结合 “He spent three years at Oxford. In 1913, Hubble returned to the United States. ”可知，他是1910年去了英国，三年后又回到美国。
C
(2023·江苏南京高二上学期联考)Death is natural，but do you have any idea of the process of dying Modern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases—clinical or temporary death and biological death. Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs，have ceased to function，but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived(复活的). Biological death occurs when changes in the organism lead to the “breaking up” of vital cells and tissues. Death is then unchangeable and final.
Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs. The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism，combined with narcotic sleep. By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢), cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.
To illustrate how this works，scientists performed an experiment on a six－year－old female monkey called Keta. The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic(麻醉药). Then they surrounded her body with ice－bags and began checking her body temperature. When it had dropped to 28 degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery. The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and breathing stopped: clinical death set in. For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state. Her temperature dropped to 22 degrees. At this point, the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial breathing. After two minutes, Keta’s heart became active once more. After fifteen minutes，spontaneous(自发的)breathing began, and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head. After six hours，when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection, Keta seized the syringe and ran with it around the room. Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.
( )8．What can we learn from a person who suffers from the clinical death
A．His most important organs are damaged.
B．He still has the possibility of getting back to life.
C．He can not avoid final death.
D．He is still very much alive.
( )9．Why do scientists try to make the time of clinical death longer
A．To slow down the body’s metabolism.
B．To bring vital cells and tissues back to active life.
C．To cool the organism.
D．To delay the coming of biological death.
( )10．How did the scientists put Keta into clinical death
A．By putting her to sleep，lowering her temperature and draining her blood.
B．By surrounding her body with ice－bags and draining her blood.
C．By lowing her blood pressure and stopping her heart from beating.
D．By draining her blood，lowering her blood pressure and stopping her breathing.
( )11．All of the following indicate that the monkey has almost restored to her original physical state EXCEPT the fact that________.
A．her heart beat again
B．she regained her normal breath
C．she rejected a penicillin injection
D．she acted as lively as a healthy monkey
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们为了延缓生物学死亡期的到来、延长临床死亡的时间所做的研究。
8．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs，have ceased to function，but have not suffered permanent damage. The organism can still be revived. ”可知，被诊断为临床死亡的人仍有可能起死回生。所以答案选B。
9．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的第一句中的“so that the organism can remain alive before biological death occurs”可知，科学家们延长临床死亡的时间是为了延缓生物学死亡期的到来。所以答案选D。
10．A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的一些关键词，如“put Keta to sleep”“surrounded her body with ice－bags”“draining blood”可知，详细过程与A项描述一致，故选A。
11．C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可知，Keta的心脏恢复了跳动，它开始自主呼吸，后来睁开眼睛，抬起头，这些是正常的身体状况。它夺过注射器然后逃避注射盘尼西林的行动只是动物的本能反应，所以答案选C。
D
(2022·全国新高考Ⅱ卷)Over the last seven years，most states have banned texting by drivers, and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel.
Yet the problem，by just about any measure, appears to be getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving, as well as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents，which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.
That is partly because people are driving more，but Mark Rosekind，the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration，said distracted(分心)driving was “only increasing，unfortunately”.
“Big change requires big ideas，” he said in a speech last month，referring broadly to the need to improve road safety. So to try to change a distinctly modern behavior，lawmakers and public health experts are reaching back to an old approach: They want to treat distracted driving like drunk driving.
An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like this: An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity. The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted，emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands－free driving laws.
“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior，” said Félix W. Ortiz，who pushed for the state’s 2001 ban on hand－held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill becomes law，he said，“People are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone. ”
( )12．Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers’ texting in the US
A．Ineffective. B．Unnecessary.
C．Inconsistent. D．Unfair.
( )13．What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out
A．Where a driver came from. B．Whether a driver used their phone.
C．How fast a driver was going. D．When a driver arrived at the scene.
( )14．What does the underlined word “something” in the last paragraph refer to
A．Advice. B．Data.
C．Tests. D．Laws.
( )15．What is a suitable title for the text
A．To Drive or Not to Drive Think Before You Start
B．Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer
C．New York Banning Hand－Held Devices by Drivers
D．The Next Generation Cell Phone: The Textalyzer
【语篇导读】本文一篇说明文。为解决司机在开车时使用手机造成“分神”，引发交通事故的问题，纽约的一名立法者提出使用Textalyzer(短信监控器)的技术来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。
12．A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over the last seven years，most states have banned texting by drivers，and public service campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when they are behind the wheel(在过去的七年里，大多数州都禁止司机发短信，公共服务活动也尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机). ”以及第二段中的“Yet the problem，by just about any measure，appears to be getting worse(然而，无论以何种标准衡量，这个问题似乎都在恶化). ”可知，大多数州使用了各种各样的方法说服司机们在开车的时候放下手机，可是情况却越来越糟糕。所以各种方法是无效的。A项ineffective意为“无效的”，与此相符。故选A。
13．B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The technology could determine whether a driver had just texted，emailed or done anything else that is not allowed under New York’s hands－free driving laws(这项技术可以确定司机是否发了短信、发了邮件，或者做了纽约免提驾驶法不允许的其他事情). ”可知，Textalyzer能够确定的是司机是否使用了手机发短信、邮件以及其他驾驶法不允许的行为。B项意为“是否司机使用了手机。”与此相符。故选B。
14．D 词义猜测题。根据句中的“We need something on the books that can change people’s behavior(我们需要一些能改变人们行为的东西). ”可知，something是能够改变人们的行为的事情。根据下文的“If the Textalyzer bill becomes law，he said，’People are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone’(他说，如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们会更害怕拿起手机). ”可知，人们的行为会改变的条件是当Textalyzer法案成为法律。收到法律的约束和惩罚，司机们才不会在开车的时候使用手机。故something指代的是法律。故选D。
15．B 标题推测题。纵观全文，第一段和第二段阐述的是“虽然大多数州已经尝试了各种各样的方法来说服人们在开车时放下手机。可是问题却越来越严重”。第三段中的“That is partly because people are driving more(部分原因是开车的人越来越多). ”解释了该行为产生的部分原因。第四段至第五段讲述的是为了解决该问题是纽约立法者提出了一个新的想法即利用Textalyzer技术，来监控司机在开车的时候是否使用了手机。最后一段讲述的是：相关人士呼吁该项技术能够成为真正的法案由此才能真正地改变人们的行为。故B项Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer(发短信还是在开车？防范短信监控器)适合文章的标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2．5分， 满分12．5分)
(2023·辽宁沈阳高二检测)Children start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy，as there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. __16__.
Give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. __17__, children can give more logical，complete and creative answers.
Watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion，don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. __18__. But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead，keep things going by saying “That’s interesting or I have never thought of it that way before，” or coming up with more questions or ideas. Never force a child to think. __19__ as children are always thinking，without your telling them to.
What’s more，giving them freedom to think can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.
__20__. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.
A．It doesn’t make sense
B．Listen to their questions
C．Teach them by examples
D．You only have to share your children’s curiosity
E．It began with a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours
F．When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more
G．These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behaviour
【语篇导读】本文就如何帮助孩子观察周围的世界、喜爱科学提出了一些建议。
16．D 根据上文“Helping them enjoy science can be easy，as there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment(帮助他们享受科学很容易，因为不需要很多科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备). ”可知，此处应填“你只需要分享你孩子的好奇心”。
17．F 根据下文“children can give more logical，complete and creative answers(孩子们可以给出更符合逻辑、更完整、更有创意的答案). ”可知，其原因是“成年人把他们的等待时间增加到3秒或更长”。
18．G 根据下文“But in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over(但是在谈论科学的时候，快速的赞扬可以表明讨论已经结束). ”可知，此处应填“当涉及鼓励好的行为时，这些词很有用”。故选G．
19．A 根据上文“Never force a child to think(永远不要强迫孩子思考). ”可知，此处应填“这没有道理”。
20．C 根据下文“Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program(现实生活中对自然的印象比孩子们从书本或电视节目中学到的任何东西都要深刻得多). ”可知，此处应填“用例子来教他们”。故选C。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Super－dad Alan Lawrence, a photographer from Utah, has posted some amazing photos of his son flying in the air.
Lawrence says his two－year－old __21__ Wil was born with a terrible disease－Down Syndrome, but Lawrence is determined that this won’t hold him __22__ in life.
When Wil was little, he would lie on his stomach and __23__ his arms and legs like he was flying. “It wasn’t something any of my other kids did. My family would always __24__ that he was trying so hard that one day he would start __25__，” Lawrence told USA TODAY Network.
He decided to make Wil’s flight a __26__ by using Photoshop to create images of Wil hovering above places the family has visited.
The series of __27__, called “Wil Can Fly”， is part of a 2016 calendar, with half the earnings from sales donated to two Down Syndrome funds. “The series __28__ a reminder that people with Down Syndrome can do anything they set their minds to，” Lawrence says.
Though appearing happy, Alan admitted that he and his wife didn’t always feel so __29__. “After the doctor informed us that he had Down Syndrome, we had __30__. We weren’t quite sure what the __31__ held for our family; we were __32__ and knew very little about what to expect. ”
However, these fears soon __33__ once Wil was born. Alan explains，“In the short two years since he arrived, he has helped our family grow in ways we didn’t realise what we needed. Our family with Wil is happy. ”
And now they’re on their way to __34__ this love and knowledge, saying，“We want to show the world that you can have a __35__ life with a child with Down Syndrome. ”
( )21．A．son B．friend
C．grandson D．student
( )22．A．up B．back
C．over D．on
( )23．A．touch B．fold
C．hurt D．raise
( )24．A．explain B．argue
C．complain D．joke
( )25．A．reading B．walking
C．flying D．speaking
( )26．A．reality B．competition
C．game D．story
( )27．A．books B．photos
C．articles D．reports
( )28．A．searches for B．goes with
C．makes up D．serves as
( )29．A．honest B．optimistic
C．friendly D．independent
( )30．A．researched B．struggled
C．quarreled D．behaved
( )31．A．company B．hospital
C．future D．sport
( )32．A．scared B．interested
C．delighted D．amused
( )33．A．came B．increased
C．disappeared D．gathered
( )34．A．pass B．express
C．share D．exchange
( )35．A．long B．whole
C．personal D．happy
【语篇导读】艾伦·劳伦斯来自美国犹他州，他的儿子威尔不幸患上唐氏综合征。作为一个父亲，他并没有因此感到沮丧，而是通过自己的创意为儿子创造了一系列有趣的飞行图像。艾伦想告诉两岁的儿子，尽管他患有疾病，他还是可以做任何自己想要做的事情。
21．A 根据首段可知，威尔是艾伦两岁的儿子。
22．B 根据第五段中的“The series serves as a reminder that people with Down Syndrome can do anything they set their minds to … ”可知，艾伦不会因为儿子患有这样的疾病就停滞不前。hold back意为“阻止……的发展；抑制”。
23．D 威尔很小就喜欢趴着将胳膊和腿往上抬，好像在飞翔。
24．D “我”的家人总是会开玩笑说，他是如此努力，有一天会开始飞翔的。
25．C 根据句意可知，此处与上文对应，应选飞翔。
26．A 儿子渴望飞翔，艾伦通过自己的创意帮儿子把梦想变成现实。
27．B 根据上一段中的“He decided to make Wil’s flight a reality by using Photoshop to create images of Wil hovering above places the family has visited. ”可知，这是一系列的照片。
28．D 这组照片要告诉人们，不幸患有这种疾病的孩子也能做任何自己想做的事情。
29．B 根据下文艾伦说的话可知，艾伦和家人刚开始可没有这么乐观。
30．B 当医生告诉艾伦和家人儿子患有唐氏综合征时，夫妻俩曾经很挣扎。
31．C 夫妻俩对未来感到很迷茫。
32．A 根据下文“these fears soon disappeared once Wil was born”可知，夫妻俩刚开始很害怕。
33．C 随着儿子威尔的降生，夫妻俩的恐惧感消失了。
34．C 根据下文“We want to show the world that you can have a happy life with a child with Down Syndrome. ”可知，夫妻俩要把这种爱和对唐氏综合征的认识与大家分享。
35．D 夫妻俩想让世人知道，不幸患有这种疾病的孩子的家庭，也能过上幸福的生活。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1．5分， 满分15分)
We’ve all heard that laughter is the 36．________(good) medicine, and it’s true. Laughter makes you feel better and it’s also good 37．________ your relationships. Laughter brings people closer, and is a 38．________(power) tool for making you relax when feelings are running high. Whether with your friends and family, or co－workers, you can learn to use humour 39．________(solve) disagreements, lower everyone’s stress levels，and communicate in a way that deepens the relationships.
Humour plays 40．________ important role in all kinds of relationships. In new relationships, humour can be a useful tool not just for attracting the other person but also for getting over any awkwardness 41．________ (arise) when we get to know each other. In old relationships, humour can keep things more exciting and fresher.
Sharing the pleasure of humour 42．________(create) a sense of closeness and connection between two people— 43．________(quality) that are signs of strong and successful relationships. When you laugh with one another，you create a positive relationship between you，44．________ acts as a strong buffer(缓冲剂) against stress，disagreements and disappointments in your relationship. And laughter is spreading—just hearing someone laugh often makes you smile 45．________(happy) and join in the fun.
【语篇导读】本文是说明文。笑是良药，它在我们的生活中无比重要。
36．best 根据空前的the可知，此处应该用形容词的最高级形式。
37．for 固定短语be good for… 意为“对……有好处”。
38．powerful 形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词tool。
39．to solve 短语use sth. to do sth. 意为“用……来做某事”。
40．an 短语play an important role in… 意为“在……中发挥重要的作用”。
41．arising awkwardness与arise之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。
42．creates 主语为动名词短语，且本句陈述一般事实，故填create的第三人称单数形式creates。
43．qualities 根据空格后的are signs可知，此处填名词的复数形式。
44．which 空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的句子，故填which。
45．happily 副词修饰省略to的动词不定式，所以答案为happily。
第三部分 写作(共两节， 满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2022·陕西宝鸡统考一模)请你以“Science and Technology Influence Our Life”为题，给校刊“英语角”栏目写一篇英文稿件。
内容包括：
1．举例说明科学技术给学校教育和我们生活带来的新变化；
2．你的感受。
注意：
1． 写作词数应为80左右；
2． 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Science and Technology Influence Our Life
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Science and Technology Influence Our Life
Science and technology have been deeply influencing both our life and study.
Take our school for example. Now there are several HD－cameras monitoring the whole campus in case of emergency or school bullying. At meal time, we can watch TV news in the dinning hall, learning the latest international and domestic events. Not only can our teachers use multimedia equipment to make their classes more lively, but also they can mark papers on the computer, which greatly improves the efficiency of paper－scoring.
Additionally, in our daily life we can do many things conveniently, such as paying by Alipay, getting food by card, going to school by shared bike and so on.
In a word, it is the development of science and technology that makes such a comfortable and convenient life available to us.
第二节(满分25分)
My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA．My wife and I were travelling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine, we were looking forward to fun, sun and laughter.
We boarded the aircraft, without a care in the world. It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida. Shortly after taking my seat, I began to feel sick. I knew something wasn’t right but just couldn’t find out what was happening. Being a doctor and a stubborn man, I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance. As the aircraft began its departure roll, I lost consciousness for a short amount of time. As I came around, I quickly realised a few things. Firstly, something very bad had happened to me. Secondly, the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home. Thirdly, my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myself out of control. So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with, but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience.
My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up. I did my best and the flight crew members were so supportive，checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about. It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much. During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurse, bringing blankets, food, drinks and caring and smile. I was thankful to them.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. __________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. __________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version：
Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. As I was in my seat, I looked up and see the captain standing with a warm smile. “What can I do for you？” the captain asked. I told him I was OK. I was very embarrassed and concerned because of the previous things. He said, “What sizes of pants do you wear？” His voice was full of care. I was puzzled and replied，“34×34．Why do you ask this？”
Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. The man opened his own luggage and gave a complete stranger his pants. I didn’t know what to say. Then I looked at my wife, who smiled without saying a word, let me know it was OK. I made my way to the exit and he said，“Change on the aircraft. It is fine. ” Because of the experience, I was thankful to him for his kindness. I made up my mind to treat others with kindness.