人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit1 People of Achievement 单元测试（含解析）

UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
(满分：120分　　建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2022年高考全国乙卷)
Henry Raeburn (1756－1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter，Sir Henry Raeburn，comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world，it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait(肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
AnIntroductiontoRaeburn Sunday 26 Oct.，15:00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries Thursday 30 Oct.，13:10 JUDY EGERTON
CharactersandCharacterisationin Raeburn’sPortraits Thursday 6 Nov.，13:10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON RaeburnandArtist’sTraininginthe 18thCentury Thursday 13 Nov.，13:10 MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday—Saturday 10:00－17:45　Sunday 12:00－17:45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17:15．There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24－26 December and 1 January.
Admission
￡4．Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education，up to and including those at first degree level，in organised groups with teachers.
1．What is the right time for attending Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries
A．Sun. 26 Oct. B．Thurs. 30 Oct.
C．Thurs. 6 Nov. D．Thurs.13 Nov.
2．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A．￡4． B．￡8．
C．￡12． D．￡16．
3．How can full-time students get group discounts
A．They should go on Sunday mornings.
B．They should come from art schools.
C．They must be led by teachers.
D．They must have ID cards with them.
B
One summer day as I was heading to the teaching building I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip，a counselor(顾问) at our admissions office(招生办公室)，standing with another young man. Philip introduced me to him，Stephen，and reminded me that Stephen would be taking one of my classes.
Stephen looked at me. With a somewhat painful expression，he asked if my class was going to be hard and if he would be able to pass. I introduced all the things that he would be expected to learn. As we talked，I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear.
I told him to do all of his assignments，and to hand them in on time. Rather than being overwhelmed(压倒) by all of the work，I told him the most successful students made a master calendar of all the assignments so they could plan their workload.
As the fall semester went on，I learned more of Stephen’s story. It had taken him longer to finish the assignments than most young people.Family members，including his mother，kept reminding him that he was a failure. But he kept at it(坚持下去) and didn’t take them to heart. He told me that before coming to our college，no one believed he could manage it.
Stephen didn’t become an A student. Still，he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day，turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into bite-sized (很小的) parts. By passing course after course，he began to gain a measure of self-esteem.
On his graduation day，he walked up to me，and said，“Thank you.”
4．According to Stephen’s questions to the author，we know that Stephen ________．
A．wasn’t very confident about himself
B．didn’t want to attend the author’s class
C．had never been an A student
D．couldn’t pass the author’s exam
5．According to the passage，the author ________．
A．wouldn’t have met Stephen without the introduction of Philip
B．told Stephen how to deal with his studies
C．helped Stephen get an A in his class
D．didn’t believe that Stephen could study in college
6．What does the passage mainly tell us about Stephen
A．He was an average student but hard-working.
B．He was an excellent student，but didn’t have self-esteem.
C．He was a little stupid and didn’t do well in school.
D．He was far from a top student because of his failure.
7．What lesson can we learn from the passage
A．A good beginning is half done. B．One bite at a time.
C．Haste makes waste. D．Look before you leap.
C
(2022年新高考全国I卷)The elderly residents(居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s well-being. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia，a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said，“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities，and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson，extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street，one of the first to embark_on the project，said，“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis，director of Notting Hill Pathways，said，“We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
8．What is the purpose of the project
A．To ensure harmony in care homes.
B．To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research.
D．To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
9．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A．She has learned new life skills.
B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory.
D．She has developed a strong personality.
10．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in Paragraph 7
A．Improve. B．Oppose.
C．Begin. D．Evaluate.
11．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A．It is well received. B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It is highly profitable. D．It takes ages to see the results.
D
Several large companies have begun creating paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones. Paper bottles aren’t quite ready to go yet，but you may see them appearing on shelves over the next few years.
Customers have become more worried about the environment，so many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles. Paper bottles have many benefits. Perhaps the most important is that they can be easily recycled. Paper bottles also weigh less than glass or plastic ones，meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. Since paper is soft and easy to be shaped，companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. The companies are creating their own bottle designs，but they’re sharing what they learn to speed up the development of paper bottle technology.
Clearly，one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking. Many companies are lining(做内衬) their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though bottle makers may say they can be removed，many recycling programmes don’t have the right machines to handle them.
A company named Diageo has just announced the first paper bottle that is completely plastic-free. Instead of a plastic liner，a non-plastic coating will be used on the inside of the bottles. This should make the bottle fully recyclable. But even without the plastic，paper bottles aren’t perfect，which means more trees need to be cut down to make the bottles.
There’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic ones. But with so many companies working toward the same goal，it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
12．What is the greatest advantage of paper bottles according to the passage
A．They are lighter than plastic or glass ones.
B．They are soft and can be easily shaped.
C．They can be moved around with less energy.
D．They are easy to recycle and environmentally friendly.
13．What is Paboco doing to improve the development of paper bottle technology
A．It’s cooperating with some other large companies.
B．It’s creating its own bottle designs.
C．It’s studying how to prevent paper bottles from leaking alone.
D．It’s trying to keep its technology secret from others.
14．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Many companies. B．The paper bottles.
C．The thin sheets of plastic. D．Bottle makers.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．A non-plastic coating is the best solution to the problem of pollution.
B．Paper bottles still need to be improved before appearing in stores.
C．Paper bottles have taken the place of glass or plastic ones so far.
D．Many companies are working toward the same goal.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Is Volunteering Important
When it comes to service work，it’s important to realise that the actual goal should be getting the most out of your volunteering work. __16__
● Gaining new social experience
Volunteering allows students to get involved with new things and develop social and academic skills that couldn’t be learned in a classroom environment.__17__
● Giving back and helping others
Volunteers create better environments for others； they create healthier communities and they brighten lives. Jill，a senior student，has been a volunteer in her community for more than three years. __18__ “They always tell me how great we sound and how they wish they had taken time to learn an instrument in their youth.”
● Creating connections with people
__19__ Not only does the volunteer work you do show who you are as a person，but it reflects many positive qualities that possibly employers and admission officers want to see. Volunteering allows you to meet a wide variety of people from all sorts of walks of life.
● __20__
Volunteering isn’t one of the most attractive jobs，but it is one of the most beneficial and uplifting(令人振奋的). It’s taking some time out of your day and helping others. Volunteer work makes us feel good. It builds self-confidence and lifts up the spirits.
A．Building career choices
B．Volunteering means a lot more.
C．Developing a sense of achievement
D．Building relationships with people is very important.
E．She volunteers by performing in concerts for senior citizens.
F．Volunteering is an excellent way to improve your independence.
G．Volunteering allows you to experience different environments and situations.
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was eight years old，Mother told me to put my coat on because we were going to go someplace __21___．Usually，that meant we were going to see someone important or __22__ I would at least get a new toy. I asked which one it would be that day，and she told me that I would be getting something __23__ than a toy. She said I would get “access to a world of toys”．
But we did not __24__ at any toy store. Nor did we finally see anyone we knew. __25__，Mother __26__ her car at Marcy Public Library. She led me directly to the reception desk. “I’d like to get my daughter a library card，” she told the man __27__ the desk. He asked her to fill out a form and smiled at me. “What kind of books do you like？” he asked. I was too shy to __28__ then. I simply smiled back and shrugged my shoulders. “Well，you’ll figure it out __29__，” he said.
I do not remember what I __30__ that first day，but I know that in the years that __31__ I read everything I could find __32__ at that old library. I read through all the Nancy Drew books before advancing to Judy Blume，then the __33__： Charles Dickens，Mark Twain，Shakespeare. Then I read books on history，books of poetry，and books about art. The library opened up a world that I __34__ knew existed.
So Mother was __35__. Getting a library card was like getting access to a world of toys.
21．A．special B．strange
C．scary D．social
22．A．that B．which
C．when D．where
23．A．less B．smaller
C．better D．fewer
24．A．bring up B．end up
C．take up D．pass by
25．A．Still B．However
C．So D．Instead
26．A．pushed B．pulled
C．rolled D．picked
27．A．on B．above
C．through D．behind
28．A．reply B．recover
C．return D．request
29．A．in order B．in reality
C．in turn D．in time
30．A．checked in B．checked at
C．checked out D．checked over
31．A．followed B．following
C．passing D．passed
32．A．in place B．of interest
C．by accident D．on purpose
33．A．romantics B．classics
C．economics D．politics
34．A．ever B．always
C．yet D．never
35．A．true B．real
C．right D．sincere
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tiger Parents Do No Good to Kids’ Development
Digging through kids’ school bags，looking up all the assignments，sitting beside them going through each item，and finally 36．________(have) all the homework checked with a name signed is a daily routine for most Chinese parents，as 37．________(require) by teachers.A demanding task especially after a long day’s work at office，isn’t it？38．________(luck)，some parents in Jinhua，Zhejiang Province，have been liberated. A local primary school has recently announced that parents will no longer have to sign their names on their kids’ homework，as students should be responsible 39．________ their own assignments.
Making mistakes is 40．________ essential part of the process of understanding. Who cares how much you 41．________(score) in your homework after you have settled down in life and found your directions？The42．________(able) to realise one’s mistakes and learn from them is what matters，which is also the main purpose of education. Why not give students a chance 43．________(find) out and correct their mistakes themselves
It is by no means parents’ duty to go through the kids’ assignments. 44．________ parents are supposed to do is to create a friendly studying environment for kids，and teach them to be an independent learner. After all，independent learning is much 45．________(important) than high scores.
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2023山东济宁高一检测)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Henry发来邮件，提到他为中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家。内容包括：
1．生平简介；
2．主要成就。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry，
I’d like to introduce my favourite scientist to you.____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today，there are times when I remember his face clearly，especially his eyes. As he had yellow spots on his eyes we called him Spotty. He would have been a stray(流浪) dog，until he came to me.
I was seven years old. My dad had just got a new job in Nasik. We had moved into a rented house. It was raining very heavily on the day we moved.
It was a cold dark night. We had our meal and went to sleep. Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door. I gathered courage and looked out through the window and I was really amused with what I saw outside.
There was a small puppy lying on an old doormat which my mother had put outside the door. It was wet and trembling. At first it was difficult to see the little one. It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realise its presence.
It was trying to get under the doormat to avoid the cold air outside and it had managed to get in as I could see only its head outside the doormat. Was it sick or injured
I felt pity for the poor soul. I went in and came out with an old towel. I went near the innocent one and held it in my hand and wiped the puppy till he had become dry. I took him into my room and made a bed for him with a woolen blanket and a small pillow. He seemed very healthy and comfortable in his new bed as he went to sleep immediately.
The next morning，everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guest. “Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mum.
Like any other parents would，my parents first totally refused my idea but my sister and I convinced them to keep Spotty.
Slowly Spotty got on with everyone and became one of the family members.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
One day Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. _________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
Almost a year later，one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly.__________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
UNIT 1　PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT（含解析）
(满分：120分　　建议用时：120分钟)
第一部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2022年高考全国乙卷)
Henry Raeburn (1756－1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best loved painter，Sir Henry Raeburn，comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world，it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait(肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
AnIntroductiontoRaeburn Sunday 26 Oct.，15:00 DUNCAN THOMSON Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries Thursday 30 Oct.，13:10 JUDY EGERTON
CharactersandCharacterisationin Raeburn’sPortraits Thursday 6 Nov.，13:10 NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON RaeburnandArtist’sTraininginthe 18thCentury Thursday 13 Nov.，13:10 MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday—Saturday 10:00－17:45　Sunday 12:00－17:45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17:15．There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24－26 December and 1 January.
Admission
￡4．Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education，up to and including those at first degree level，in organised groups with teachers.
1．What is the right time for attending Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries
A．Sun. 26 Oct. B．Thurs. 30 Oct.
C．Thurs. 6 Nov. D．Thurs.13 Nov.
2．How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A．￡4． B．￡8．
C．￡12． D．￡16．
3．How can full-time students get group discounts
A．They should go on Sunday mornings.
B．They should come from art schools.
C．They must be led by teachers.
D．They must have ID cards with them.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷本爵士进行的展览的相关情况。
1．B　细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries部分“Thursday 30 Oct.”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburn’sEnglishContemporaries。故选B项。
2．B　细节理解题。根据Admission部分“￡4．Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场).”可知，一对夫妇应付4＋4＝8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B项。
3．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段“A special low entrance charge of ￡2 per person is available to all in full-time education，up to and including those at first degree level，in organised groups with teachers(所有全日制教育的学生，直到并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费).”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。
B
One summer day as I was heading to the teaching building I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip，a counselor(顾问) at our admissions office(招生办公室)，standing with another young man. Philip introduced me to him，Stephen，and reminded me that Stephen would be taking one of my classes.
Stephen looked at me. With a somewhat painful expression，he asked if my class was going to be hard and if he would be able to pass. I introduced all the things that he would be expected to learn. As we talked，I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear.
I told him to do all of his assignments，and to hand them in on time. Rather than being overwhelmed(压倒) by all of the work，I told him the most successful students made a master calendar of all the assignments so they could plan their workload.
As the fall semester went on，I learned more of Stephen’s story. It had taken him longer to finish the assignments than most young people.Family members，including his mother，kept reminding him that he was a failure. But he kept at it(坚持下去) and didn’t take them to heart. He told me that before coming to our college，no one believed he could manage it.
Stephen didn’t become an A student. Still，he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day，turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into bite-sized (很小的) parts. By passing course after course，he began to gain a measure of self-esteem.
On his graduation day，he walked up to me，and said，“Thank you.”
4．According to Stephen’s questions to the author，we know that Stephen ________．
A．wasn’t very confident about himself
B．didn’t want to attend the author’s class
C．had never been an A student
D．couldn’t pass the author’s exam
5．According to the passage，the author ________．
A．wouldn’t have met Stephen without the introduction of Philip
B．told Stephen how to deal with his studies
C．helped Stephen get an A in his class
D．didn’t believe that Stephen could study in college
6．What does the passage mainly tell us about Stephen
A．He was an average student but hard-working.
B．He was an excellent student，but didn’t have self-esteem.
C．He was a little stupid and didn’t do well in school.
D．He was far from a top student because of his failure.
7．What lesson can we learn from the passage
A．A good beginning is half done. B．One bite at a time.
C．Haste makes waste. D．Look before you leap.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。许多人都认为没有任何希望的一个学生，在作者的帮助下，成功地完成了自己的学业。
4．A　推理判断题。根据第二段第二句“With a somewhat painful expression，he asked if my class was going to be hard and if he would be able to pass.”即可判断出，Stephen不自信。
5．B　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可判断出，作者向Stephen介绍了如何提高学习成绩的方法。
6．A　推理判断题。通过全文对Stephen的描述尤其是倒数第二段可知，他是一位成绩一般但学习刻苦的学生。
7．B　主旨大意题。根据Stephen成功的经验可以发现，一是学习刻苦，二是分解困难，各个击破。四个选项相比，只有B项较为恰当。
C
(2022年新高考全国I卷)The elderly residents(居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely.
The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s well-being. It is also being used to help patients suffering dementia，a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.
Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said，“I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning before I went to school. ”
“I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see they’ve gone to bed.”
“It’s good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit outside to watch them. I’m enjoying the creative activities，and it feels great to have done something useful.”
There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East，and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.
Wendy Wilson，extra care manager at 60 Penfold Street，one of the first to embark_on the project，said，“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”
Lynn Lewis，director of Notting Hill Pathways，said，“We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”
8．What is the purpose of the project
A．To ensure harmony in care homes.
B．To provide part-time jobs for the aged.
C．To raise money for medical research.
D．To promote the elderly people’s welfare.
9．How has the project affected Ruth Xavier
A．She has learned new life skills.
B．She has gained a sense of achievement.
C．She has recovered her memory.
D．She has developed a strong personality.
10．What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in Paragraph 7
A．Improve. B．Oppose.
C．Begin. D．Evaluate.
11．What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs
A．It is well received. B．It needs to be more creative.
C．It is highly profitable. D．It takes ages to see the results.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。
8．D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people’s well-being.”可知，这个项目是为了提高老年人的幸福。故选D项。
9．B　推理判断题。根据文章第五段的“I’m enjoying the creative activities，and it feels great to have done something useful.”可推知，Ruth Xavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。故选B项。
10．C　词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”以及画线处前的“one of the first ”可知，Wendy Wilson是着手这项工程的人之一。画线处的含义与C项“Begin”含义相近。故选C项。
11．A　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”以及最后一段“Lynn Lewis，director of Notting Hill Pathways，said，‘We are happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.’”可知，该项目的反响很好。故选A项。
D
Several large companies have begun creating paper bottles to take the place of glass and plastic ones. Paper bottles aren’t quite ready to go yet，but you may see them appearing on shelves over the next few years.
Customers have become more worried about the environment，so many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles. Paper bottles have many benefits. Perhaps the most important is that they can be easily recycled. Paper bottles also weigh less than glass or plastic ones，meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around. Since paper is soft and easy to be shaped，companies can design their bottles to take almost any shape they choose.
A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles. The companies are creating their own bottle designs，but they’re sharing what they learn to speed up the development of paper bottle technology.
Clearly，one of the biggest challenges is keeping a paper bottle from leaking. Many companies are lining(做内衬) their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic. Though bottle makers may say they can be removed，many recycling programmes don’t have the right machines to handle them.
A company named Diageo has just announced the first paper bottle that is completely plastic-free. Instead of a plastic liner，a non-plastic coating will be used on the inside of the bottles. This should make the bottle fully recyclable. But even without the plastic，paper bottles aren’t perfect，which means more trees need to be cut down to make the bottles.
There’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic ones. But with so many companies working toward the same goal，it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.
12．What is the greatest advantage of paper bottles according to the passage
A．They are lighter than plastic or glass ones.
B．They are soft and can be easily shaped.
C．They can be moved around with less energy.
D．They are easy to recycle and environmentally friendly.
13．What is Paboco doing to improve the development of paper bottle technology
A．It’s cooperating with some other large companies.
B．It’s creating its own bottle designs.
C．It’s studying how to prevent paper bottles from leaking alone.
D．It’s trying to keep its technology secret from others.
14．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 4 refer to
A．Many companies. B．The paper bottles.
C．The thin sheets of plastic. D．Bottle makers.
15．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．A non-plastic coating is the best solution to the problem of pollution.
B．Paper bottles still need to be improved before appearing in stores.
C．Paper bottles have taken the place of glass or plastic ones so far.
D．Many companies are working toward the same goal.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几家大公司已经开始生产纸瓶来代替玻璃瓶和塑料瓶。但是要完全取代玻璃瓶和塑料瓶，纸瓶还有许多测试要做。
12．D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Customers have become more worried about the environment，so many companies have begun working to develop paper bottles.”以及第二段第三四句“Perhaps the most important is that they can be easily recycled.Paper bottles also weigh less than glass or plastic ones，meaning they’ll require less energy to produce and to move around.”可知，纸瓶最重要的优势就是方便循环并且环保。故选D项。
13．A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“A company called Paboco has been working with many large companies to develop paper bottles.”可知，Paboco公司和其他大公司合作来提升纸瓶的研发。故选A项。
14．C　词义猜测题。根据画线词的前一句“Many companies are lining (做内衬) their bottles with a thin sheet of plastic.”以及其后的removed(移除)可知，此处的they指代的上文的瓶子里衬的那层塑料。故选C项。
15．B　推理判断题。根据最后一段“There’s still lots of testing to be done before paper bottles can replace glass or plastic ones.But with so many companies working toward the same goal，it’s likely that we can expect to see paper bottles on store shelves in the near future.”可知，要纸瓶在商店货架上出现，并且取代玻璃瓶或塑料瓶目前还不能实现。由此判断出纸瓶在进入商店之前还需要改进。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Is Volunteering Important
When it comes to service work，it’s important to realise that the actual goal should be getting the most out of your volunteering work. __16__
● Gaining new social experience
Volunteering allows students to get involved with new things and develop social and academic skills that couldn’t be learned in a classroom environment.__17__
● Giving back and helping others
Volunteers create better environments for others； they create healthier communities and they brighten lives. Jill，a senior student，has been a volunteer in her community for more than three years. __18__ “They always tell me how great we sound and how they wish they had taken time to learn an instrument in their youth.”
● Creating connections with people
__19__ Not only does the volunteer work you do show who you are as a person，but it reflects many positive qualities that possibly employers and admission officers want to see. Volunteering allows you to meet a wide variety of people from all sorts of walks of life.
● __20__
Volunteering isn’t one of the most attractive jobs，but it is one of the most beneficial and uplifting(令人振奋的). It’s taking some time out of your day and helping others. Volunteer work makes us feel good. It builds self-confidence and lifts up the spirits.
A．Building career choices
B．Volunteering means a lot more.
C．Developing a sense of achievement
D．Building relationships with people is very important.
E．She volunteers by performing in concerts for senior citizens.
F．Volunteering is an excellent way to improve your independence.
G．Volunteering allows you to experience different environments and situations.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，详细介绍了做志愿工作的好处，建议人们多参加各种志愿工作。
16．B　根据文章接下来的 “Gaining new social experience“ Giving back and helping others”“Creating connections with people”可知，设空处都是做志愿工作的好处和意义。本句应该是一个承上启下的句子，表示志愿工作意义重大。B项“Volunteering means a lot more.”符合上下文语境。
17．G　根据前一句“Volunteering allows students to get involved with new things and develop social and academic skills that couldn’t be learned in a classroom environment.”可知，志愿工作会让学生参与到新的事情中学到在教室里学不到的知识。也就是说志愿工作可以让你体验不同的环境。G项“Volunteering allows you to experience different environments and situations.”与上下文语境一致。
18．E　根据后一句“They always tell me how great we sound and how they wish they had taken time to learn an instrument in their youth.”意为“他们总是告诉我这是多么好听，他们多么希望在年轻的时候也能够花时间学习音乐。”可知，Jill是为社区的老人做音乐方面的志愿工作。E项“She volunteers by performing in concerts for senior citizens.”与上下文语境一致。
19．D　本段的主题是“Creating connections with people(志愿工作可以帮助我们与他人建立联系)”。后两句告诉我们志愿工作可以帮助别人了解你，也能展示出你的好品质，让你有机会接触各行各业的人。本句应该是本段的中心句，强调与他人建立良好的关系的重要性。D项“Building relationships with people is very important.”符合语境。
20．C　根据本段最后两句 “Volunteer work makes us feel good. It builds self-confidence and lifts up the spirits.”可知，志愿工作能够让我们自我感觉良好，增强自信心并振作起来，这些都有利于我们获得成就感。C项“Developing a sense of achievement”符合语境。
第二部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was eight years old，Mother told me to put my coat on because we were going to go someplace __21___．Usually，that meant we were going to see someone important or __22__ I would at least get a new toy. I asked which one it would be that day，and she told me that I would be getting something __23__ than a toy. She said I would get “access to a world of toys”．
But we did not __24__ at any toy store. Nor did we finally see anyone we knew. __25__，Mother __26__ her car at Marcy Public Library. She led me directly to the reception desk. “I’d like to get my daughter a library card，” she told the man __27__ the desk. He asked her to fill out a form and smiled at me. “What kind of books do you like？” he asked. I was too shy to __28__ then. I simply smiled back and shrugged my shoulders. “Well，you’ll figure it out __29__，” he said.
I do not remember what I __30__ that first day，but I know that in the years that __31__ I read everything I could find __32__ at that old library. I read through all the Nancy Drew books before advancing to Judy Blume，then the __33__： Charles Dickens，Mark Twain，Shakespeare. Then I read books on history，books of poetry，and books about art. The library opened up a world that I __34__ knew existed.
So Mother was __35__. Getting a library card was like getting access to a world of toys.
21．A．special B．strange
C．scary D．social
22．A．that B．which
C．when D．where
23．A．less B．smaller
C．better D．fewer
24．A．bring up B．end up
C．take up D．pass by
25．A．Still B．However
C．So D．Instead
26．A．pushed B．pulled
C．rolled D．picked
27．A．on B．above
C．through D．behind
28．A．reply B．recover
C．return D．request
29．A．in order B．in reality
C．in turn D．in time
30．A．checked in B．checked at
C．checked out D．checked over
31．A．followed B．following
C．passing D．passed
32．A．in place B．of interest
C．by accident D．on purpose
33．A．romantics B．classics
C．economics D．politics
34．A．ever B．always
C．yet D．never
35．A．true B．real
C．right D．sincere
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者的母亲有一天带上她去了图书馆。从此作者就爱上了阅读，在知识的海洋里遨游，明白了书和知识的重要性。
21．A　从下一句作者对于母亲意图的猜测来看，所指的都是比较正向、良好的含义。选项中只有A项“特别的”适合表达这层含义。
22．A　分析句子结构可知，连词or连接meant的两个宾语从句，空白后的句子成分齐全，应使用只起连接作用、无实义的that引导。
23．C　从后句母亲的进一步解释来看，通往玩具世界的途径显然比一个玩具要好得多。
24．B　从下文的情节来看，这里要用“end up”表示行程并未在某个玩具店结束，即母亲带作者去的目的地并非玩具店。
25．D　与前面的两个否定句呼应，这里要用instead表示“反而，取而代之的是”。
26．B　这里表示母亲开车来到图书馆。pull后接车辆作宾语可表示“停车，驻车”。
27．D　联系生活实际可知，母亲来到接待处，接待人员应该是在桌子的后面(或里面)。
28．A　图书馆接待员向作者询问喜欢的书籍类型。这里指作者害羞不敢回答。
29．D　这里要用“in time”，表示接待员劝慰作者“适当的时候总会知道的”。
30．D　这里指的是作者不记得在那一天选定的书是什么了。 “what I checked”作宾语，“at that first day”是时间状语，符合文意。
31．A　“the years that followed”意为“接下来的那些年”，表明作者从此喜欢上了阅读，符合文意。
32．B　根据常理推断，作者的读书行为也应该是兴趣使然。故选B项。
33．B　从冒号后列举出的三位作家可以推断，这里指的是文学经典。
34．D　与前文指出的作者第一次来图书馆对应，这里表示作者从此进入了书本的海洋、知识的世界，这些以前都是从未接触过的。
35．C　与前文 “She said I would get ‘access to a world of toys’．”呼应，作者明白了母亲的话，也通过亲身体会对此表示了肯定。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tiger Parents Do No Good to Kids’ Development
Digging through kids’ school bags，looking up all the assignments，sitting beside them going through each item，and finally 36．________(have) all the homework checked with a name signed is a daily routine for most Chinese parents，as 37．________(require) by teachers.A demanding task especially after a long day’s work at office，isn’t it？38．________(luck)，some parents in Jinhua，Zhejiang Province，have been liberated. A local primary school has recently announced that parents will no longer have to sign their names on their kids’ homework，as students should be responsible 39．________ their own assignments.
Making mistakes is 40．________ essential part of the process of understanding. Who cares how much you 41．________(score) in your homework after you have settled down in life and found your directions？The42．________(able) to realise one’s mistakes and learn from them is what matters，which is also the main purpose of education. Why not give students a chance 43．________(find) out and correct their mistakes themselves
It is by no means parents’ duty to go through the kids’ assignments. 44．________ parents are supposed to do is to create a friendly studying environment for kids，and teach them to be an independent learner. After all，independent learning is much 45．________(important) than high scores.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。针对当下父母过多地参与孩子的家庭作业这一现象，本文告诉家长不要过多地参与孩子的学习，而是应该让他们自己在错误中成长。
36．having　考查非谓语动词。此处与句中的Digging，looking和sitting并列，几个并列成分作主语。 故填having。
37．required　考查状语从句的省略。此处完整句应为：...as they are required by teachers。
38．Luckily　考查副词。此处表示“幸运的是”，此处是副词位于句首，修饰整个句子。故填Luckily。
39．for　考查介词。此处指学生们应该为自己的作业负责。be responsible for意为“对……负责”，是固定搭配。
40．an　考查冠词。part是可数名词，此处表示泛指。essential的发音以元音音素开头。 故填an。
41．have scored　考查动词的时态。句意为：在你安定下来并找到自己的方向后谁还会在意你家庭作业得了多少分。此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，故用现在完成时。
42．ability　考查名词。冠词后接名词，指认识自己错误的能力。 故填ability。
43．to find　考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作定语修饰chance，指学生自己发现和改正错误的机会。
44．What　考查代词。此处引导主语从句且在从句中作宾语，指父母应该做的事情。 故填What。
45．more important　考查形容词的比较级。根据句中的than可知，此处用形容词的比较级。故填more important。
第三部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
(2023山东济宁高一检测)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Henry发来邮件，提到他为中国所取得的科技成就感到无比钦佩，想了解一些中国科学家的事迹。请你用英语给他写一封邮件，为他介绍一位你最喜欢的中国科学家。内容包括：
1．生平简介；
2．主要成就。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Henry，
I’d like to introduce my favourite scientist to you.____________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
One possible version：
Dear Henry，
I’d like to introduce my favourite scientist to you.Regarded as “the father of China’s nuclear bomb”，Deng Jiaxian is the scientist I admire most.Born in 1924 in Anhui Province，he got his doctor’s degree from Purdue University in America in 1950．After that，he returned to China and devoted all his life to the development of China’s nuclear and hydrogen bombs. Unfortunately，he suffered from radiation causing cancer in an experiment and died in Beijing in 1986．
Deng Jiaxian made great contributions to the development of our country and will always be remembered as an outstanding scientist.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today，there are times when I remember his face clearly，especially his eyes. As he had yellow spots on his eyes we called him Spotty. He would have been a stray(流浪) dog，until he came to me.
I was seven years old. My dad had just got a new job in Nasik. We had moved into a rented house. It was raining very heavily on the day we moved.
It was a cold dark night. We had our meal and went to sleep. Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door. I gathered courage and looked out through the window and I was really amused with what I saw outside.
There was a small puppy lying on an old doormat which my mother had put outside the door. It was wet and trembling. At first it was difficult to see the little one. It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realise its presence.
It was trying to get under the doormat to avoid the cold air outside and it had managed to get in as I could see only its head outside the doormat. Was it sick or injured
I felt pity for the poor soul. I went in and came out with an old towel. I went near the innocent one and held it in my hand and wiped the puppy till he had become dry. I took him into my room and made a bed for him with a woolen blanket and a small pillow. He seemed very healthy and comfortable in his new bed as he went to sleep immediately.
The next morning，everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guest. “Shall we keep him with us？” I questioned my mum.
Like any other parents would，my parents first totally refused my idea but my sister and I convinced them to keep Spotty.
Slowly Spotty got on with everyone and became one of the family members.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
One day Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. _________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
One day Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. He came to my room and sat near me. It was then that I saw his hind leg was injured and was bleeding. I called out my mother and she quickly tied a bandage around his leg and gave him food to eat. I was very upset. But the next day’s，Spotty was up to his usual pranks though he limped a bit. After this incident my relation with Spotty became more intense. I really admired him a lot for his courage.
Almost a year later，one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly.__________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly. We came out and saw that he was barking continuously heading somewhere. After some time Spotty became quiet. I patted him on his back and came inside. The next day’s morning，my heart skipped a beat when I didn’t see Spotty. I searched for him in each and every corner but he was nowhere. And this time he had gone and would never come back. I cried and waited for him. We waited for one long week. But there were no signs of him. Then one day my Dad got transferred to Mumbai. We shifted back to Mumbai. What would have happened to Spotty Would he have died These were the only questions in my mind，but they all remained unanswered forever.