Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？（知识点 练习 +答案）

年 级：八年级 辅导科目：英语 第 次课 学科教师：
课 题 Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world？
授课日期及时段
教学内容
入门测试:阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Do you like traveling？I like it so much. Last month I 1. (take) a tour around Egypt and visited the pyramids (金字塔)．They are so amazing!The pyramids are in 2. desert.They were built 3. (thousand) of years ago，and are one of the 4. (famous) ancient buildings in the world.The pyramids are all made of stones.Each stone weighs about 2500 kilos.The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest pyramid.It's so huge 5. it covers an area of almost 52，900 square 6. (meter).Why did people build these pyramids？They built the pyramids 7. (keep) the Pharaohs' mummies (法老的木乃伊)．Mummies can be kept 8. a long time.The pharaohs believed that by keeping their mummies in the pyramids，they could continue to rule the world of Death 9. they died.Many scientists do research about pyramids today.They are trying to learn more about Egyptian life in old days by 10. studying the mummies.知识梳理： 重点句子解析1. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高。higher than any other mountain中any指任何一个,后接单数名词。可以替换为最高级形式, 即:adj比较级+than any other+单数名词=最高级+单数名词。原句相当于Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. Tom runs faster than any other student(或any of the other students)in his class.汤姆比他班上的任何人都跑得快。 This book is more difficult than any other book here.=This book is the most difficult book here.这些书当中这本最难。[【知识拓展】any other +可数名词单数可与the other +可数名词复数互换。any other +可数名词单数(表示比较的对象在同一范围之内) Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.the other +可数名词复数(表示比较的对象在同一范围之内) Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.any +可数名词单数(表示比较的对象不在同一范围之内) Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.在中国,孙悟空比任何卡通角色都受欢迎,因为他不只是一只普通的猴子。T:_________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.中国是世界上人口最多的国家。它比美国人口要多得多。population作主语,表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词用单数;当前有分数或百分数修饰时,谓语动词可用单数或复数。 The population of Nigeria is more than 100 million. (强调整体性)尼日利亚的人口数量为1亿多。 Three quarters of the population in the city is/are black people.这个城市里四分之三的人口是黑人。【知识拓展】问人口数量的句型是: What’s the population of... What’s the population of India 现在印度人口是多少？【注意】population和people的区别:前者通常用what来提问;后者用how many来提问。 What’s the population of Canada / How many people are there in Canada 形容人口多少用big/large/small。 The city has a big/large/small population.这个城市人口多/少。表示“某地有多少人口”用…has a population of…或The population of… is…。 The city has a population of about six million.=The population of the city is about six million.我想知道世界的人口是否现在仍然在增长。T:_________________________________________________________________________________________3. As you can see , it’s quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的,长城非常高,也非常宽广。as意思是“像…一样; 正如”,用来引导状语从句。 As I said before, nobody loves you like I do.正如我之前说的,没人像我一样喜欢你。【知识拓展】 as prep.意为“作为” Mrs. Black doesn’t agree to keep a cat as a pet because she hates cats. as作“当...的时候”引导时间状语从句 As he gets close to the tigers, he can watch them closely.【温馨提示】下面情形时,只用as,而不用when或while.(1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指“一边...一边”。 The girl sings as she goes to school.这个女孩一边唱歌,一边去学校。(2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是“随着...的发展”。 As children get older,they become more and more interested in everything.随着孩子们长大,他们变得对一切越来越感兴趣。4. One of the word’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing, and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. 世界上最受危险的运动之一是登山运动,而喜马拉雅山脉是从事这项运动最受欢迎的地方之一。one of + the+adj最高级+可数名词复数,意思是“…是…中最…之一”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。鲁迅是中国最伟大的作家之一,所以,为什么不读读他的书呢？T:_________________________________________________________________________________________5. As far as I know, there are no other man-made objects as big as this.据我所知,再没有其他像它这样大的人造物体了。as far as I know是一个固定的表达方式,还可以说so far as I know,意思是“据我所知”。 As far as I know, he will be away for three months. 据我所知,他将离开三个月。 As far as I can see, you have done nothing wrong. 依我看,你没有做错任何事。man-made“人造的”为形容词性的合成词。类似的有:good-looking相貌好看的; hard-working勤劳的; well-known著名的; fast-food专门提供快餐服务的。take-away外带的; middle-aged中年的; kind-hearted好心的6. This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这只大象比这只大熊猫重很多倍。weigh既可作vt,表“称重”,也可作连系动词,表 “有…重; 重”。 I weighed the box. It weighs 20 kg. 我称了这个盒子,它重20公斤。【知识拓展】weigh其名词形式为weight,意为“体重,重量”。 What’s your height and weight.你的身高体重是多少？ in weight在体重方面。 The boy weighs 20 kg.＝The boy is 20 kg in weight.这个男孩重20公斤。lose weight减肥; put on weight增肥time在此意为“倍数,次数”,表示三倍或三倍以上时使用。(两倍用twice表示)【知识拓展】英文中倍数的几种常见的表达方式: A+基数词+times as +adj/adv+as +B “A是B的几倍” This table is three times as long/wide/big/expensive as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的三倍长/宽/大/贵。 A+基数词+times +比较级+than+B “A比B(长/宽/大/贵...)几倍” This hole is five times deeper than that one=This hole is six times as deep as that one.这个洞是那个洞的6倍深。 “基数词+times + more＋n＋than …” He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.他现在挣的钱比十年前挣的多5倍。一只大象的体重是我的很多倍,所以我不用减肥了。T:_________________________________________________________________________________________7. The babies often die from illnesses and do not live very long. 大熊猫宝宝经常死于疾病,或者活不了多久。die vi,(died-died)意为“死”,现在分词为dying。die from表示“死于(创伤、劳累、忧愁等外部原因)”。 The old man died from an accident.die of 表示“死于…病”或死于饥饿或过度悲伤等自身原因,但是在表示疾病的名词前用die from/ of都可以。 His father died of starvation in Germany.他的父亲饿死在德国。 She died from/of cancer.她死于癌症。有些动物死于污染,所以政府应该想办法解决这个问题。T:_________________________________________________________________________________________语法精析：形容词比较级的用法①. 表示两者进行比较时用形容词比较级，其结构为“A…+比较级+than +B”。如：Lily’s room is bigger than mine. 莉莉的房间比我的大。②. 有表示程度的副词a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far等修饰形容词时，该形容词可以用比较级。如：The weather of Tianjin is colder than that of Guangzhou in winter. 冬天，天津的天气比广州的冷。③. 表示在两者之间选择“哪一个更……”时，用句型“Which / Who + be + 形容词比较级，A或B？”表示。如：Who is taller, Li Ming or Wang Tao 谁比较高，李明还是王涛？④. 表示“几倍于……”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。如：Your room is three times bigger than mine. 你的房间比我的大三倍。⑤. 表示“两者之间比较……的一个（of the two）”时，常用“the + 比较级”结构。如：Mary is the taller of the twins. 玛丽是双胞胎中比较高的那个。⑥. 表示“越来越......”，用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more + 形容词原级”。如：It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring. 春天天气变得越来越暖和。⑦. 表示“越……越……”时，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构。如：The more, the better. 越多越好。形容词最高级的用法①. 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。形容词最高级前必须加定冠词the，句末常跟一个in/of短语来表示范围。如：Shanghai is the biggest city in China. 上海是中国最大的城市。②. 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时，用“Which / Who + be + the + 形容词最高级，A，B，or C ”结构。如：Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou 哪座城市最漂亮，北京、上海还是福州？③. 表示“最……的……之一”时，用“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数”结构。如：Jay Zhou is one of the most popular singers. 周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。④. 形容词最高级前面可以加序数词，表示“第几最……”。如：The Yellow River is the second longest river n China. 黄河是中国第二长河。⑤. 形容词最高级前面可以用形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。如：This is our best lesson today. 这是我们今天最好的一节课。⑥. 形容词比较级结构可以表示最高级含义。如：Li Lei is the tallest student in his class. 李雷是他班里最高的学生。= Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class. 李雷比班里其他任何一个学生都高。典例精析（一）用所给词的适当形式填空。1. The river was so polluted that it _________(actual) caught fire and burned. 2. Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and _______ (soft). 3. Just be ______________ (patience). 4. Although parents should take _________ (well) care of their young children, they don’t ______________ (necessary) do anything for them. 5. ---Do you like Mary’s new hairstyle ---Perfect! How much ________ (good) she looks with the curly short hair! 6. ---Are you satisfied with the result of the exam --- Not at all. I can’t have a ________ (bad) one. 7. --- Lily did succeed at last! ---Yeah, indeed, but she was _______________ (luck) than successful, I think. 8. Mary felt __________ (please), because there were many empty seats in the room. 9. The teachers are very enthusiastic and __________ (friend) and the classrooms are _____________ (amaze).10.The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River.(改为同义句)→The Yellow River is not________ _________ _________ the Yangtze River.11.Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.(改为同义句)→Qomolangma is________________ than________________ ________________mountain in the world.12.John didn’t go to school because he was ill.(改为简单句)→John didn’t go to school________________ ________________his________________.13.The elephant weighs 1, 000 kilos. The panda weighs 50 kilos.(用倍数表达法改写句子)→The elephant is________________ ________________ ________________ than the panda.（二）书面表达请根据以下提示写一篇英语短文简单介绍世界上最大、最重的动物——蓝鲸。提示：1.蓝鲸的颜色是蓝灰色；2．根据记录，最大的蓝鲸重达190吨，而最长的蓝鲸长达33.6米；3．各大洋均有蓝鲸的踪迹。蓝鲸喜欢独自活动或两三只在一起活动；4．蓝鲸最喜欢的食物是磷虾。一只蓝鲸每天能吃4000千克的磷虾；5．科学家认为蓝鲸能活到80岁；6．人类为了鱼油而捕杀蓝鲸，蓝鲸濒临灭绝，需要人类的保护。参考词汇：ton吨；krill磷虾要求：1.抓住动物特点，介绍条理清楚；不少于80词。课堂巩固：（一）用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Please feel free________________(call) me up any time until half past nine at night. 2. All of your teachers hope you can________________(success) in the math competition.3. Our house ________________(including) three bedrooms and a kitchen.4. You must do more things to________________(achievement) your aim.5. Many________________(tour) come to Beijing every year.6.He jumped with________________(excite) after hearing the good news. 7. He sees a zoo________________(keep)standing next to an elephant.8.The elephant ________________ (weigh) about 5,000 kilos and its weight is much heavier than a cow. 9. The government made a law about the ________________(protect) of the endangered plants.10. We should plant more bamboo trees for pandas________________(live)in.（二）阅读训练How can you look better Having a nice hairstyle or wearing fashionable clothes can be good ideas. But here’s a quicker and easier way: just stand among a group of people.
Scientists at the University of California, San Diego, US, suggest that people look better when seen among others, rather than when seen as individuals(个人). They call it the “cheerleader effect
(拉拉队效应)”. Scientists did five experiments with photos of over 130 people. Some people were pictured alone, and others were in groups. Then they showed these photos to 100 people and asked them to rate their attractiveness(吸引力). In every case, for men and women, people in groups got higher attractiveness ratings. The single person pictures would even rate higher when they were put among other faces.
This effect did not depend on the number of faces in the group. Any size of group would do.
The cheerleader effect works because whenever we look at a group of people, we “average out(平均)” their faces, not noticing the flaws(缺陷) of each face. But if you look at everybody individually, his or her flaws stand out. This explains why singers usually surround themselves with dancers when they perform. And why pop boy bands and girl groups always seem so attractive.
The nice part of the cheerleader effect is that it might give us another excuse to socialize and travel in numbers. Human beings tend to form groups and enjoy the companionship(陪伴) of others. Maybe we actually look better among friends not only because of bone structures(骨貉结构), but
because we’re happier.
1. If you want to look better, the scientists suggest_________. A. getting a nice hairstyle B. wearing fashionable clothesC. staying among a group of people D. being a cheerleader2. Which of the following about the experiments is TRUE A. Scientists did five experiments with over 130 people.B. Women got higher attractiveness ratings than men.C. People in groups looked more attractive than those alone.D. The people in the photos tested in the experiments were not good-looking.3. How does the “cheerleader effect” explain why pop boy bands and girl groups seem attractive A. There are usually a great number in the group.B. People usually don't notice the flaws of each face.C. Most of them hardly have any flaws.D. They are handsome boys and beautiful girls. 4. From the last paragraph, we learn that______________. A. the cheerleader effect is a good excuse to socialize B. being happy may make people look better. C. one cannot live without others. D. a good figure is not important for looking good. 六、课后练习：（一）用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______ (clever). 2. Gold is ______ (little) useful than iron(铁). 3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I. 4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _____ (young) child. 5. The _____ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 6. The short one is by far _______ expensive of the five. 7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother. 8. She will be much ______ (happy) in her mew house. 9. This dress is ______ than that one.(expensive) （二）语法填空Are your parents helicopters That's a new term I read about. It means parents who hover(盘旋) over their children. They worry about every little thing in their 1._________(child) life: Are you hungry Are you thirsty Too hot Too cold Do you need more books More pens More anything More everything These parents love their children and want to make sure that everything in their life 2._______(be) perfect. Some kids may become upset 3._______others like being well taken cared of. These kids like the idea of being waited on hand and foot. They like the idea of not having to make 4._________(decide).I don't think this is a good idea. I think it's important for kids 5._________(do) things. They should decide for 6.___________(they). This helps them to grow up and become 7.___________(independence) and responsible (负责任的) persons.8._______ can you become responsible It's easy. Just start from little things. Sometimes you can make your own meals or help 9._______cooking. You can show your parents that you are responsible with money. Your parents are “helicopters” because they love you. So tell them that you understand and that they really shouldn't worry. Tell them they can land the helicopters because you are 10.________ responsible kid.（三）完型填空A thousand years ago Hong Kong was covered by a thick forest.As more and more people came to __1__ in Hong Kong，these trees were cut down and burnt.Now there is __2__ forest left，though there are still some small areas covered with trees.We call these woods.Elephants，tigers and many _3__ animals were living in the thick forest.When people came to live in Hong Kong，the __4__ began to die out.Early farmers grew rice and __5__ pigs and chickens in the valleys.They cut down the trees and burnt them.They needed __6__ to keep themselves warm in winter，to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals.Elephants quickly disappeared because there was not enough food for them.__7__ did most of the wolves and tigers.Monkeys and many other animals soon __8_ in the same way.You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong __9__ in the zoos.But there are still about 36 different animals __10__ there.One of the most interesting of Hong Kong's animals is the barking deer.These are beautiful little animals _11__ a rich brown coat and a white patch under the tail.They look like deer but they are much smaller.They are less than two feet __12__．They make a noise rather like a dog __13__．In Hong Kong the barking deer has only a real enemy—__14__．People hunt these little animals though it is illegal.There are now not many barking deer left.So it is important __15_ people to protect wild animals.( )1.A.work　　B．study　　C．live　D．enjoy( )2.A.many B．a few C．no D．not( )3.A.other B．others C．the other D．another( )4.A.people B．animals C．plants D．things( )5.A.grew B．made C．got D．kept( )6.A.fire B．hotness C．heat D．stoves (炉子)( )7.A.So B．Such C．As D．Nor( )8.A.lived B．died C．came D．left( )9.A.besides B．except C．and D．or( )10.A.live B．to live C．lived D．living( )11.A.have B．without C．with D．get( )12.A.high B．higher C．short D．shorter( )13.A.shouting B．crying C．barking D．talking( )14.A.tigers B．men C．wolves D．elephants( )15.A.to B．for C．like D．Of答案:一、入门测试1.took 2. a 3. thousands 4. most famous 5. that 6. meters 7. to keep8. for 9. after 10. studying 四、典例精析1. actually 2. softly 3. patient 4. good necessarily 5. better 6. worse 7. luckier8. pleased 9. friendly amazing 10. as/so long as 11. higher any other 12.because illness 13. twenty times heavier（二）书面表达One possible version：I'd like to introduce something about blue whales to you.The blue whale is blue grey.It is the largest and heaviest animal on Earth.According to the record，the largest blue whale weighs 190 tons，and the longest blue whale is 33.6m long.Blue whales live in all the oceans of the world.They often live alone or live with one or two other blue whales.Krill is their favorite food.Each blue whale can eat 4，000 kilos of krill a day！Scientists think that they can live up to 80 years old.Because some people kill them for oil，the number of blue whales is smaller and smaller.They are in danger now.We must protect them.五、课堂巩固（一）用所给词的适当形式填空。1. to call 2. succeed 3. includes 4. achieve 5. tourists 6. excitement 7. keeper 8. weighs 9. protection 10. to live（二）阅读训练1.A 2. D 3. D 4. C六、课后练习（一）用所给词的适当形式填空。1. cleverest 2. less 3. older 4. youngest 5. cheapest 6. the most 7. interesting 8. happier 9. more expensive（二）语法填空1.children`s 2. is 3. but 4. decisions 5. to do 6. themselves7. independent 8. How 9. with 10. a（三）完型填空1-5 CCABD 6-10 AABBD 11-15 CACBB
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