吉林省部分重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题
一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题, 共15分）
选词填空-句子
for instance, do his part, set him apart from, in contrast to, be committed to, academic, ambitious, career, commitment, contract, decade, distract, furniture, fortune, incredible, conservation
When young, Jack was very 1． , who worked 2． hard on scientific research.He 3． his career and barely 4． his attention to other things.After a couple of 5． , he made a big 6． and won a good fame in the 7． field.However, 8． most successful people, he is leading a simple life. 9． , he still lives in a small room with little 10． now.Last week, he signed a 11． with a charity concerned about 12． .He gave away all his money to the charity to 13． in environmental protection.It is his 14． to our environment that 15． other ordinary people.
【答案】1．ambitious；2．incredibly；3．was committed to；4．distracted；5．decades；6．fortune；7．academic；8．in contrast to；9．For instance；10．furniture；11．contract；12．conservation；13．do his part；14．commitment；15．sets him apart from
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了杰克一生致力于科学研究，并将自己赚来的钱捐赠给环保机构。【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证
1．句意：年轻时，杰克雄心勃勃，在科学研究上付出了难以置信的努力。ambitious"雄心勃勃的"，形容词词性，在句中作表语。故填ambitious。
2．句意：年轻时，杰克雄心勃勃，在科学研究上付出了难以置信的努力。incredibly""难以置信地"，副词，此处修饰副词hard,故填incredibly。
3．句意：他致力于自己的事业，几乎没有把注意力分散到其他事情上。be committed to…固定短语，"致力于……"，根据句意和上文"worked"可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填was committed to。
4．句意：他致力于自己的事业，几乎没有把注意力分散到其他事情上。distract"分散"，动词，根据句意和上文"worked"可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填distracted。
5．句意：几十年后，他赚了一大笔钱，并在学术界赢得了很好的声誉。decade"十年"，为可数名词，"a couple of"意为"几个，一对"，后接可数名词复数，"decade"的复数形式为"decades"。故填decades。
6．句意：几十年后，他赚了一大笔钱，并在学术界赢得了很好的声誉。fortune""大笔的钱，巨款"，名词词性，make a big fortune固定短语，"赚了一大笔钱"。故填fortune。
7．句意：几十年后，他赚了一大笔钱，并在学术界赢得了很好的声誉。根据上文"scientific research"可知，他致力于科学研究，可知，他在"学术界"赢得了很好的声誉，应用academic"学术的"，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故填academic。
8．句意：然而，与大多数成功人士相比，他过着简朴的生活。in contrast to…"与……对比鲜明，相比之下"，介词短语，此处作状语，故填in contrast to。
9．句意：例如，他现在仍然住在一个家具很少的小房间里。for instance"例如"，是对其简朴生活的举例，句首单词首字母大写。故填For instance。
10．句意：例如，他现在仍然住在一个家具很少的小房间里。furniture"家具"，为不可数名词，在句中作介词with的宾语。故填furniture。
11．句意：上周，他与一家关注环保的慈善机构签署了一份合同。contract"合同"，名词，结合a可知用单数形式，在句中作动词signed的宾语。故填contract。
12．句意：上周，他与一家关注环保的慈善机构签署了一份合同。根据下文"environmental protection"可知，他把自己的钱用于环境保护，可图段，他与一家关注环保的慈善机构签署了一份合同。conservation"（对自然环境的）保护"，为不可数名词，作宾语。故填conservation。
13．句意：他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构，以便在环境保护方面尽自己的一份力。do one's part""尽一份力"，固定短语，此处不定式作状语。故填do his part。
14．句意：正是他对环境的奉献使他与众不同。根据上文可知，他把所有的钱都用于环境保护，commitment"奉献"，为不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填commitment。
15．句意：正是他对环境的奉献使他与众不同。set sb. apart from，动词短语，"使某人与众不同"，根据is可知，应用一般现在时，故填sets him apart from。
二、阅读理解（本大题共18小题, 共45分）
（2023高三上·丰台期末）阅读理解
Over
millions of years humans have responded to certain situations without thinking
too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would
run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to
plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to
trust your instinct (直觉) and when to think
slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原).
Slow
thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its
place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to
analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct
is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct
can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring
with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess
whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed
to operate on instinct and others to deliberate (深思熟虑)
over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three
designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become,
the better your instinct tends to be.
However,
the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often
the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox
floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to
read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer
and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire
organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact
that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes, the temptation (诱惑) to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist.
Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex
one.
When
to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition.
Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area Is this a field in
which emotion matters more than reasoning Above all, is it worth delaying the
decision Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking
is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
16．What does the underlined word "unerring" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Accurate. B．Creative. C．Controllable. D．Obvious.
17．What can we learn from the passage
A．Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.
B．Fast thinking can be a boost to work efficiency.
C．Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.
D．Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
18．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To explain how instinct works.
B．To compare instinct and slow thinking.
C．To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D．To illustrate the development of different thinking patterns.
【答案】16．A
17．B
18．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了直觉在工作场所的应用价值。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Instinct can also be improved.”直觉能够被改善；以及“The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.”你变得越熟练，直觉越准确。说明随着熟练度的提高，直觉也会越来越准确。可推知unerring应是“无偏差的，精确的”意思。故选A。
17．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. ”直觉能够帮助你决定哪些邮件需要回复，哪些需要删除，哪些不用打开。快速思考也对整个组织有益。可知快速思考可以提高工作效率，避免在不重要的事情上浪费时间。故选B。
18．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The question of when to trust your instinct (直觉 )and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原).”什么时候应该相信你的直觉及什么时候应该缓慢思考的问题在办公室和在大草原上一样重要。可知，在工作场所，直觉也是很重要的；以及最后一段中的“When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. ”什么时候在工作场所使用直觉取决于其自身的识别模式。可知要具体分析在工作场所使用直觉的情况。联系全文内容可知，本文主要强调了直觉在工作场所的应用价值。故选C。
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
Nowadays, the term "quiet quitting" has taken over the Internet, meaning lying flat, or taking a break from the overwork. It appears to have originated from a TikTok video posted by Brian Creely. Creely showed an Insider article written by senior reporter Aki Ito. The headline read, "Fed up with long hours, many employees have quietly decided to take it easy at work rather than quit their jobs." Creely said, "More people are quiet quitting instead of leaving." The video has received nearly 100, 000 likes and more than 4, 000 comments, the vast majority describing the benefits of doing the bare minimum.
Despite a number of news outlets reporting that quiet quitting is a trend that is being encouraged, Insider found many users on the app were actually warning people against doing so.
Ashley Herd, a former employment lawyer, posted two videos about quiet quitting. In her videos, she argued that while limiting work to what is specified in the job description is fine, doing so quietly can be detrimental. "If someone is stressed out, they should feel able to have that conversation with their manager, " she said.
A TikToker and consultant Mary posted a video titled "Minorities should be careful quiet quitting". In the video she said, "Unfortunately in America minorities are held to a different standard. We are looked at differently. So we have to go above and beyond to be successful. We can't risk being regarded as not performing."
In recent weeks, TikTokers have been warning workers that quiet quitting could lead to "quiet firing", labeled as a new workplace trend. The phrase describes the longstanding practice of constructive dismissal—creating an environment that leads a worker to quit their job in order to avoid having to fire them. Creators are receiving hundreds of thousands of views that post about quiet firing and call out managers who employ the practice.
19．What aspect of quiet quitting is introduced in Paragraph 1
A．Its origin. B．Its innovation.
C．Its value. D．Its standard.
20．What does the underlined word "detrimental" mean in Paragraph 3
A．Strange. B．Harmful. C．Vital. D．Effective.
21．What is Mary's opinion on minorities at work
A．They needn't perform well.
B．They should make greater efforts.
C．They have better chances of success.
D．They are treated as equally as others.
22．Which of the following can be a sign of quiet firing in the workplace
A．The boss asks a worker to leave the job.
B．The boss allows a worker flexible working hours.
C．The boss puts off a worker's promotion on purpose.
D．The boss provides a worker with a new environment.
【答案】19．A
20．B
21．B
22．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国外的职场中出现的"安静退出"现象及人们对这种现象的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"It appears to have originated from a TikTok video posted by Brian Creely."它似乎起源于布莱恩·克莱利发布的TikTok视频；以及"Fed up with long hours, many employees have quietly decided to take it easy at work rather than quit their jobs."受够了长时间的工作，许多员工已经悄悄决定在工作中要放松，而不是辞职。可知，第一段介绍了"安静退出"这一说法的起源，它似乎起源于布莱恩·克莱利发布的TikTok视频，指许多员工受够了长时间的工作，悄悄决定在工作中要放松，而不是辞职，可推知，第一段主要介绍了"安静退出"这一说法的起源。故选A。
20．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"‘If someone is stressed out, they should feel able to have that conversation with their manager,' she said."她说："如果有人感到压力过大，他们应该能够与经理进行对话。"可知，Ashley Herd认为如果你在工作中感觉压力过大，应该与经理谈谈，而不是"安静退出"，可推知，她认为"安静退出"的行为是有害的，是不可取的，"Harmful"意为"有害的"，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B。
21．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"In the video, she said, ‘Unfortunately in America minorities are held to a different standard. We are looked at differently. So we have to go above and beyond to be successful. We can't risk being regarded as not performing.'"在视频中，她说，"不幸的是，在美国，少数族裔被视为不同的标准。我们受到不同的看待。因此，我们必须超越极限才能获得成功。我们不能冒险被视为没有表现。"可知，玛丽认为少数族裔受到不同的看待，他们必须付出更多努力才能获得成功，可推知，玛丽认为工作中的少数族裔应该做出更大的努力。故选B。
22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The phrase describes the longstanding practice of constructive dismissal—creating an environment that leads a worker to quit their job in order to avoid having to fire them."这个短语描述了推定解雇的长期做法——创造了一种环境，导致工人辞职，以避免解雇他们。可知，"安静解雇"指创造了一种环境，导致工人辞职，以避免解雇他们，结合选项，"The boss puts off a worker's promotion on purpose."意为"老板故意推迟工人的晋升。"这种做法会导致工人主动辞职，不用老板解雇他们，可知，"The boss puts off a worker's promotion on purpose."是工作场所"安静解雇"的预兆。故选C。
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
A new study shows that getting half of American 8-to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save ＄21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes.
The increase from the current 32 percent to 50 percent of kids taking part in exercise, active play, or sports would also result in 340, 000 fewer overweight teenagers.
"Physical activity not only makes kids feel better and helps them develop healthy habits, it's also good for the nation's bottom line, " says Bruce Y. Lee, executive director of the Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins University. "Our findings show that encouraging exercise and investing in physical activity when kids are young pays big dividends as they grow up."
The study, published in the journal Health Affairs, suggests an even bigger advantage if every 8 to 11-year-old in the United States exercised 75 minutes over three times in a week. In that case, the researchers estimate(估计), ＄62.3 billion in medical costs over the course of their lifetimes could be avoided and 1.2 million fewer youths would be overweight. And the money would increase if not just current 8-to-11 year olds, but every future elementary school child joined their game.
Exercise at least 25 minutes a day, three days a week, is a guideline developed for kids by the Sports and Fitness Industry Association. An overweight person's lifetime medical costs average ＄62, 331. For the overweight person, these amounts are great.
"Even a little increase in physical activity could cause billions of dollars in savings, " Lee says. He also says there are other benefits of physical activity that don't affect weight, such as improving bone density, improving mood, and building muscle.
Lee says "We need to be adding physical education programs and not cutting them. We need to encourage kids to be active, to reduce screen time and get them running around again. It's important for their physical health and the nation's financial(经济的) health."
23．Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A．Getting kids to run would save money.
B．Physical activity is important for kids.
C．Physical education programs: adding or cutting
D．Overweight person's lifetime medical costs are increasing.
24．What's the underlined words' meaning in paragraph 3
A．Pays much money. B．Pays little money.
C．Plays an important part. D．Is a serious question.
25．What can we infer from the passage
A．The number of American kids from 8 to 11 who take part in physical activity is increasing.
B．Physical education programs should be cut to encourage the nation's financial health.
C．25 minutes of physical activity three times a week may result in fewer overweight teenagers.
D．Physical activity can only make kids feel better but can't help them develop healthy habits.
【答案】23．A
24．C
25．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了让孩子们跑步可以省钱。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
23．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"A new study shows that getting half of American 8-to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save ＄21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes."一项新的研究表明，让一半8至11岁的美国儿童每周进行三次25分钟的体育锻炼，将在他们的一生中节省219亿美元的医疗费用。可知，文章主要介绍了让孩子们跑步可以省钱，"让孩子们跑步能省钱。"适合作文章标题，故选A。
24．考查词义推测。根据第三段知道"Our findings show that encouraging exercise and investing in physical activity when kids are young pays big dividends as they grow up."我们的研究结果表明，在孩子年轻时鼓励锻炼和投资于体育活动，会在他们成长过程中pays big dividends；结合第一段中的"A new study shows that getting half of American 8-to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save ＄21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes."一项新的研究表明，让一半8至11岁的美国儿童每周进行三次25分钟的体育锻炼，将在他们的一生中节省219亿美元的医疗费用。可知，让孩子们跑步可以省钱，在孩子年轻时鼓励锻炼和投资于体育活动，会在他们成长过程中发挥重要作用，可推知，划线短语pays big dividends，意为"发挥重要作用"，故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的"Exercise at least 25 minutes a day, three days a week, is a guideline developed for kids by the Sports and Fitness Industry Association. An overweight person's lifetime medical costs average ＄62,331. For the overweight person, these amounts are great."每周三天，每天至少锻炼25分钟，这是体育与健身行业协会为孩子们制定的指导方针。一个超重者一生的医疗费用平均为62331美元。对于超重的人来说，这些量是很大的。可推知，每周三次25分中的体育锻炼会减少超重青少年的数量，故选C。
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
For years, you've been told that stress can be deadly and is something to be avoided. Therefore, an anxious situation is often accompanied by a sense of fear. However, recent studies suggest that stress-related harmful effects on your health are not unavoidable.
One study followed 30, 000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn't acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives.
Stressful feelings start out in a small region of the brain that affects how people feel emotions, especially fear. The small region is very sensitive to possible threats. When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!
Another study carried by Health psychologist Dr. McGonigal found a link between stress and the amount of sympathy people showed to others. Researchers tracked 1, 000 adults, their descriptions of the level of stress in their lives and the amount of time spent helping others. With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies. According to Dr. McGonigal, "Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort. Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows."
26．What does the study in paragraph 2 suggest
A．Stress caused many deaths over eight years.
B．Stress won't hurt you if you don't acknowledge its presence.
C．It is not the stress but our response to it that creates problems.
D．Those without stress usually live long and happy lives.
27．What do we know about stress from paragraph 3
A．Stress is harmful to the brain.
B．Stress can cause danger.
C．Stress can be a threat to us.
D．Stress can lead to timely action.
28．What can we learn from Dr. McGonigal's study
A．People without stress spend more time caring others.
B．Stress often causes a family tragedy or financial crisis.
C．Stress can be avoided by helping others.
D．People chasing meaning in life suffer less from stress.
29．Which may be the best title for the text
A．Stress Is Not Your Enemy. B．Man Can Conquer Stress.
C．We Need Remove Stress. D．Stress Is Nearly Harmless
【答案】26．C
27．D
28．D
29．A
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过科学研究得出压力本身不会给我们带来问题，我们对压力的态度影响了生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
26．考查推理判断。根据第二段"One study followed 30,000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn't acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives."一项研究对30000人进行了为期八年的跟踪调查，并测量了他们的压力水平。那些认为压力有害的人的死亡率高于那些处于压力下，但不承认所谓的有负面影响的人。后一组人更健康，他们中的许多人生活幸福且长寿。可知，死亡率高的测试组中的人们认为压力有害，另一组则不认为压力有不良影响，由测试的研究结果可见，造成问题的不是压力，而是我们对压力的态度。故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据第三段"When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!"当它感觉到危险时，它会提醒大脑，从而产生恐惧或压力的感觉。当人们需要注意和采取行动时，这些感觉会给他们一个警告信息。例如，当看到一辆超速行驶的汽车时，该区域会快速地释放出信号，我们立即知道要让开！可知，压力感给人们发出信息，从而让人做出应变，及时采取行动。故选D。
28．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies."每发生一次重大压力事件，如家庭悲剧或金融危机，死亡风险都会增加30%。但对于那些花时间帮助他人的人来说，与压力相关的死亡人数没有增加，即使是那些曾经经历过个人悲剧的人；以及"Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort."追求生活的意义比避免生活中的不幸对你的健康更好。可知，追求生活意义的人承受的压力更小。故选D。
29．考查标题归纳。本文通过科学研究得出压力本身不会给我们带来问题，我们对压力的态度影响了生活，结合最后一段中的"Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows."追求在生活中创造意义的东西，然后相信自己能够处理随之而来的压力。可知，"压力不是你的敌人"适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
Earth is far more alive than we previously thought, according to "deep life" studies that reveal a rich underground ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's oceans. Despite extreme heat, no light and intense pressure, scientists estimate it has between 15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms. "It's like finding a whole new reservoir (储藏) of life on Earth, " said Karen Lloyd an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.
Results suggest 70 percent of Earth's bacteria and archaea exist in the subsurface. One organism found 2.5 kilometers below the surface has been buried for millions of years and may not rely at all on energy from the sun. Also, the methanogen (产甲烷菌) has found a way to create methane in this environment, which the methanogen may not use to reproduce or divide, but use to replace or repair broken parts. Lengths of their lives were completely different. Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions. They're just active inside, with less energy than people thought possible to support life.
The team consists of 1, 200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics. A year before the conclusion of their study, they will present the findings before the American Geophysical Union's annual meeting opens this week, which they say are made possible by technical advances on drills and microscopes.
The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find. There is a temperature maximum—currently 122℃—but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing more advanced instruments.
Questions remain, including how the microbes interact with chemical processes, and what this might reveal about how life and Earth coevolved.
30．What do the scientists find about the underground organisms
A．They can't reproduce and divide.
B．They're the oldest living things.
C．Some of them consume no energy.
D．Some of them almost always keep still.
31．What can we learn about the research from paragraph 3
A．It last for around one year.
B．It involves efforts from many fields.
C．It promotes technical development.
D．It is conducted in 52 countries.
32．Why does the scientists dig deep
A．To break their previous record.
B．To find the depth limit of life.
C．To discover more ancient microorganisms.
D．To measure the highest subsurface temperature.
33．Which of the following can be the best title
A．Earth Depths Are Full of Life.
B．Organisms Live Better Underground.
C．Earth Is Fat Beyond Human Exploration.
D．Subsurface Life Differs from That on Land.
【答案】30．D
31．B
32．B
33．A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家对地球深部生命展开了"深层生命"研究，揭示了我们脚下一个丰富的地下生态系统，其大小近乎是全球海洋大小的两倍。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
30．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions. "有些微生物已经存活了数千年，除了地震或火山爆发的变化，它们几乎没有移动过。可知，有些微生物基本上是没有移动过的。故选D。
31．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The team consists of 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics. "该团队由来自52个国家的1200名科学家组成，他们的学科从地质学、微生物学到化学和物理学。可知，该研究团队是由来自52个国家的1200名科学家组成，他们的学科从地质学、微生物学到化学和物理学即该研究涉及许多领域的努力。故选B。
32．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find."科学家们一直想知道生命不可能存在的临界点，但他们挖得越深，发现的生命就越多。可知，研究者们一直深挖的理由在于探索生命寻深度极限。故选B。
33．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Earth is far more alive than we previously thought, according to ‘deep life' studies that reveal a rich underground ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's oceans."根据"深层生命"研究，地球比我们以前想象的要活跃得多，我们脚下有一个丰富的地下生态系统，几乎是世界上所有海洋的两倍大；以及通读全文可知，文章介绍的是科学家对地球深部生命展开了"深层生命"研究，揭示了我们脚下一个丰富的地下生态系统，其大小近乎是全球海洋大小的两倍。结果表明，地球 70% 的细菌和古菌存在于地下，一些微生物已经存活了数千年，仅在地震或喷发时才移动。虽然存在极端高温、无光和巨大的压力，但科学家估计约有 150 至 230 亿吨微生物和细菌在地下生活。这项成果发表在美国地球物理联合会年会上。"地球深处充满了生命"概括文章主旨，适合做文章的标题。故选A。
三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题, 共12.5分）
（2023高一上·吉林月考） 阅读七选五
Efficient ways to improve your speech Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public 34．
Use more facial expressions
One psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else for the impression others have of us. A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative. 35． People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression.
Get rid of your inner fear
36． The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear. The first is to admit it. Do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself. Another simple aid at the last minute before you begin, is to take a few deep breaths. This will help get the butterflies in formation and also keep your voice under control.
Polish your voice
Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people. So invest in a tape recorder, practice your speech by speaking it into the microphone and then listen to it. You can even have others join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help. 37．
Strengthen your memory
Psychologists tell us that most individuals don't use above ten percent of their inherent capacity for memory. How to enhance the power of memory First, have a burning desire to remember. It's difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so. 38． Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate. The next principle is repetition, we learned many things in school by repetition.
A.Step number two is concentration. B.Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech. C.A frown often brings the same thing in return. D.Reading aloud cannot necessarily help you develop a personal style. E.Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve. F.It's natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience. G.The more associations you make with the brain, the easier it becomes.
【答案】34．B；35．C；36．F；37．E；38．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四种能够提高演讲能力的有效方法：使用更多的面部表情；摆脱内心的恐惧；改善说话的声音；加强记忆。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
34．根据空前"Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public "觉得在公共场合发表精彩演讲很难吗？引出话题"演讲很难"；同时结合下文的四个小标题"Use more facial expressions"使用更多的面部表情；"Get rid of your inner fear"摆脱内心的恐惧；"Polish your voice"改善说话的声音；和"Strengthen your memory"加强记忆。可知，后文在讲述提高演讲的几种具体方法，故此处空格的内容应起到承上启下的作用， B.Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech. "以下是一些提高演讲水平的有效方法。"符合语境。故选B。
35．根据本段小标题"Use more facial expressions"使用更多的面部表情；空前"A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative."蕴含眼神的微笑非常具有交流性；以及空后"People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression."人们倾向于表达和你一样的表情，所以试着通过你的面部表情来表达你对某个话题或想法的感觉。可知，本段主要讲述面部表情在演讲中的重要性。C.A frown often brings the same thing in return."皱眉往往也会带来同样的回报。"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
36．根据本段小标题"Get rid of your inner fear"摆脱内心的恐惧；以及空后"The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear.("处理它的方法是让它为你工作，付诸行动，正如莎士比亚所说，行动可以治愈恐惧。可知，此段主要讲述如何摆脱内心的恐惧。F.It's natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience."当你出现在观众面前时，很自然会有一些紧张。"符合语境。故选F。
37．根据本段小标题"Polish your voice"改善说话的声音；空前"Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people."我们的声音是我们与人交流的主要工具；以及"Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help."只需大声给孩子读报纸、杂志或故事就可以了。可知，本段主要讲的是如何改善说话的声音，E.Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve."你的重点、停顿、速度甚至音高都可以提高。"承接上文，表示通过前文的给孩子大声读报纸、讲故事等方式可以提高说话的重点、停顿等，符合语境。故选E。
38．根据本段小标题"Strengthen your memory"加强记忆；空前"First, have a burning desire to remember. It's difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so."首先，有一种强烈的记忆欲望。如果没有记忆的欲望那回忆东西是很难的。可知，本段主要讲述如何加强记忆，上文中的First表示第一点；以及空后"Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate."我们的成功很大程度上取决于我们的专注能力。与上文表述内容不一致，说明此处讲的是另外一点， A.Step number two is concentration." 第二步就是专心致志。"承接上文，Step number two是First的顺延，同时concentration又与后文中的concentrate相对应，符合语境。故选A。
四、完形填空（本大题共15小题, 共15分）
（2023高一上·吉林月考） 完形填空
The most obvious benefit of a single currency is that it will no longer be necessary to incur(引起) the costs of exchange from one currency to another. Travelers know that these costs are not negligible. First of all, there is a commission 39． (usually a fixed amount); secondly, the price 40． which the traveler purchases foreign currency for domestic currency 41． from the price of exchanging back surplus(过剩) foreign currency. The removal of these transaction costs constitutes a gain from monetary union.
Another benefit is that the removal of exchange rate 42． between the countries of the EU would provide much more assurance to 43． location decisions. At present, a company takes 44． of the risk of exchange rate variation in its location decision, and this may lead it to scatter its plants across the various economies, to hedge against(防范) the risk of exchange rate variation. Removing this source of uncertainty allows investors to 45． according to economies of scale and may lead to more plants of 46． size, a reduction in unit cost of production, and increase in 47． .
A single currency provides the 48． for counter-inflationary(反通胀) policies. A single currency could lead to a 49． in the market discrimination that currently exists in the EU (for example, prices of motor cars of the 50． specification(规格) stand higher in the UK than they do in France) as the quotation(报价) of prices in common currency discourages arbitrage(套利) activity and reduces the market division 51． which such discrimination relies. 52． , firms in one country cannot continue to 53． their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive.
39．A． money B． sum C． tip D． charge
40．A． on B． at C． in D． over
41．A． different B． infers C． differs D． variable
42．A． float B． contrast C． similarity D． variation
43．A． appropriate B． cooperative C． corporate D． reasonable
44．A． account B． count C． mind D． range
45．A． decide B． locate C． choose D． invest
46．A． largest B． maximum C． medium D． optimum
47．A． effect B． effectiveness
C． deficiency D． efficiency
48．A． shade B． firework C． framework D． door
49．A． rise B． reduction C． revival D． cause
50．A． same B． different C． similar D． excessive
51．A． in B． on C． over D． at
52．A． While B． Thus C． However D． Although
53．A． rise B． arise C． raise D． set
【答案】39．D；40．B；41．C；42．D；43．C；44．A；45．B；46．D；47．D；48．C；49．B；50．A；51．B；52．B；53．C
【知识点】说明文；政治经济类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，单一货币最明显的好处是，它将不再需要承担从一种货币到另一种货币的兑换成本。作者介绍了单一货币的好处。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇经济类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
39．句意：首先，有一个佣金费用（通常是一个固定的数额）；其次，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同。A. money"金钱"；B. sum"总数"；C. tip"建议，小费"；D. charge"价钱，费用"。根据空前"there is a commission"可知，要收取一定的佣金费用，故选D。
40．句意：首先，有一个佣金费用（通常是一个固定的数额）；其次，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同。A. on"在……上面"；B. at"在……"；C. in"在……里面"；D. over"多于"。根据空前"the price"可知，此处表示"以……的价格"，是介词短语at the price，此处是at+which引导的定语从句，修饰名词price，which代指price，故选B。
41．句意：首先，有一个佣金费用（通常是一个固定的数额）；其次，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同。A. different"不同的"；B. infers"推理"；C. differs"不同"；D. variable"可变的"。根据空后"from the price of exchanging back surplus (过剩) foreign currency."可知，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同，differ from固定短语，"与……不同"，故选C。
42．句意：另一个好处是，消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异将为公司选址决策提供更多的保证。A. float"漂浮"；B. contrast"对比"；C. similarity"相似性"；D. variation"变化，差异"。根据空前"Another benefit is that the removal of exchange rate"；以及空后"between the countries of the EU would provide much more assurance to"和"exchange rate variation"可知，此处指消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异的好处，故选D。
43．句意：另一个好处是，消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异将为公司选址决策提供更多的保证。A. appropriate"合适的"；B. cooperative"合作的"；C. corporate"公司的"；D. reasonable"合理的"。根据空后"location decisions"和下文"a company"可知，此处指公司选址决策，corporate是名词作定语，故选C。
44．句意： 目前，公司在选址时考虑到汇率变动的风险，这可能导致公司将工厂分散到各个经济体，以对冲汇率变动的风险。A. account"账户，解释"；B. count"数数"；C. mind"思想"；D. range "范围"。根据空前"a company takes"；以及空后"of the risk of exchange rate variation in its location decision"可知，公司在选址时考虑到汇率变动的风险，故选A。
45．句意：消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，并可能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低单位生产成本，提高效率。A. decide"决定"；B. locate"坐落于，定位，确定位置"；C. choose"选择"；D. invest"投资"。根据空前"Removing this source of uncertainty allows investors to"和上文提到的消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异将为公司选址决策提供更多的保证可知，消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，故选B。
46．句意：消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，并可能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低单位生产成本，提高效率。A. largest"最大的"；B. maximum"最大化的"；C. medium"中等的"；D. optimum"最佳的"。根据上文，消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，以及空后"a reduction in unit cost of production"可知，消除这种不确定来源，能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低生产成本，故选D。
47．句意：消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济进行定位，并可能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低单位生产成本，提高效率。A. effect"效果"；B. effectiveness"有效性"；C. deficiency"不足"；D. efficiency"效率"。根据空前"a reduction in unit cost of production, and increase in"可知，此处在介绍消除这种不确定性所带来的好处，即公司减少成本，提高效率，故选D。
48．句意：单一货币为反通胀政策提供了框架。A. shade"阴影"；B. firework"烟火"；C. framework"框架"；D. door"门"。根据空后"for counter-inflationary (反通胀) policies."可知，单一货币为反通胀政策提供了框架。故选C。
49．句意：单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视（例如，英国同种规格汽车的价格高于法国），因为共同货币的价格报价抑制了套利活动，并减少了这种歧视所依赖的市场分工。A. rise"升起"；B. reduction"减少"；C. revival"复兴"；D. cause"原因"。根据下文"reduces the market division"可知，单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视。故选B。
50．句意：单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视（例如，英国同种规格汽车的价格高于法国），因为共同货币的价格报价抑制了套利活动，并减少了这种歧视所依赖的市场分工。A. same"同样的"；B. different"不同的"；C. similar"相似的"；D. excessive"过度的"。根据空后"specification (规格) stand higher in the UK than they do in France"可知，此处在对比同种规格汽车的价格，故选A。
51．句意：单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视（例如，英国同种规格汽车的价格高于法国），因为共同货币的价格报价抑制了套利活动，并减少了这种歧视所依赖的市场分工。A. in"在……里面"；B. on"在……上面"；C. over"在……上面"；D. at"在……"。此处是介词+which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词market division，rely on固定搭配，意为"依赖"，故此处用介词on+which引导定语从句，故选B。
52．句意：因此，一个国家的公司不可能继续提高其价格高于其欧洲竞争对手，同时仍然保持竞争力。A. While"然而"；B. Thus"因此"；C. However"然而"；D. Although"尽管"。前后是因果关系，根据空后"firms in one country cannot continue to 15 their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive."可知，此处在对上文做出总结，上文是原因，此处是结果，故用thus，表示"因此"。故选B。
53．句意：因此，一个国家的公司不可能继续提高其价格高于其欧洲竞争对手，同时仍然保持竞争力。A. rise"上升"；B. arise"产生"；C. raise"提高"；D. set"设置"。根据空后"their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive."可知，一个国家的公司不可能继续提高其价格高于其欧洲竞争对手，raise是及物动词，后面加宾语，故选C。
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题, 共15分）
语法填空
I came into the senior high school at last! This is the first day for me to go to school, so I'm 54． little anxious right now. I want to make a good first 55． (impress), Will I make any friends What if no one talks to me
I just had my first maths class at senior high school The class was difficult, 56． the teacher was kind. He even told us a funny story and everyone laughed so much! J found most of my classmates and teachers 57． (help).
This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me 58． (try) to talk to me the whole time. I couldn't concentrate 59． the experiment. I 60． (real) wanted to tell him to be quiet and leave me alone.
What a day! This morning, I was worried that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn't feel 61． (frighten) at all. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here and there's a lot 62． (explore) at senior high. I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow 63． (be) a great day!
【答案】54．a；55．impression；56．but；57．helpful；58．tried；59．on；60．really；61．frightened；62．to explore；63．will be
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者记录了自己上高中的第一天。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，连词，形容词，时态，介词，副词，形容词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
54．句意：这是我第一天上学，所以我现在有点焦虑。根据句意和little可知，此处应填入不定冠词a，a little 表示程度"一点"，修饰形容词nervous。故填a。
55．句意：我想给别人留下好的第一印象，我会交到朋友吗？如果没人跟我说话怎么办？根据句意和a good first可知，此处应用单数名词作宾语，故填impression。
56．句意：这门课很难，但老师很和蔼。前后都是句子，应用连词连接两个句子，根据句意可知，前后句是转折关系，应用表示转折的连词but。故填but。
57．句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很愿意帮助人。分析句子结合句意可知，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，故填helpful。
58．句意：实验室是新的，课程也很好，但我旁边的人一直想和我说话。此处是谓语动词，由语境和并列句的谓语动词was可知，时态是一般过去时，故填tried。
59．句意：我无法集中精力做实验。concentrate on固定短语，"专注于，集中"，故填on。
60．句意：我真想告诉他安静点，别烦我。此处修饰动词wanted，应用副词作状语，故填really。
61．句意：我一点也不感到害怕。根据句意和feel可知，空处为表语，应用形容词，主语I为人，应用-ed 形式的形容词，frightened(感到害怕的)符合语境。故填frightened。
62．句意：我想念我初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里交到新朋友，在高中有很多可以探索的地方。分析可知，此处做a lot的后置定语，表示"将要去探索"，应用不定式表将来。故填to explore。
63．句意：我想明天会是美好的一天！空处是从句的谓语，根据tomorrow可知时态用一般将来时，故填will be。
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题, 共15分）
64．（2023高一上·吉林月考）假如你是李华, 你的加拿大笔友Harry上周与信询问你的体育爱好。请给他写一封回信, 内容包括：(1)你喜欢的运动项目及原因, 如有益于身心健康, (physical and mental health), 增强自信等；(2)何时喜欢上这项运动, 现在参加该运动的情况如何；(3)询问对方的体育爱好。
注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Harry,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua.
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Harry,
I am glad to receive your letter. Now I'm writing to tell you about my favorite sports. Of all the sports, I like table tennis best.①I think playing table tennis is beneficial to both physical and mental health, as it not only helps to build up my strength and confidence but also brings pleasure to my life. What's more, it makes me more energetic and effective in my study. I began to show great interest in it at the age of seven. Now I'm on the school table tennis team. To improve my skills, I practice playing table tennis with my teammates and friends every weekend after finishing our homework.
By the way, I'm curious about your sports hobby. Would you please tell me about it Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封回信。写作背景：你的加拿大笔友Harry上周与信询问你的体育爱好。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：(1)你喜欢的运动项目及原因, 如有益于身心健康, 增强自信等；(2)何时喜欢上这项运动, 现在参加该运动的情况如何；(3)询问对方的体育爱好。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am glad to receive your letter. 运用了不定式作原因状语；Now I'm writing to tell you about my favorite sports. 运用了不定式作目的状语；I think playing table tennis is beneficial to both physical and mental health, as it not only helps to build up my strength and confidence but also brings pleasure to my life. 运用了宾语从句，原因状语从句； To improve my skills, I practice playing table tennis with my teammates and friends every weekend after finishing our homework.运用了不定式作目的状语。
1 / 1吉林省部分重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题
一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题, 共15分）
选词填空-句子
for instance, do his part, set him apart from, in contrast to, be committed to, academic, ambitious, career, commitment, contract, decade, distract, furniture, fortune, incredible, conservation
When young, Jack was very 1． , who worked 2． hard on scientific research.He 3． his career and barely 4． his attention to other things.After a couple of 5． , he made a big 6． and won a good fame in the 7． field.However, 8． most successful people, he is leading a simple life. 9． , he still lives in a small room with little 10． now.Last week, he signed a 11． with a charity concerned about 12． .He gave away all his money to the charity to 13． in environmental protection.It is his 14． to our environment that 15． other ordinary people.
二、阅读理解（本大题共18小题, 共45分）
（2023高三上·丰台期末）阅读理解
Over
millions of years humans have responded to certain situations without thinking
too hard. If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would
run first and question later. At the same time, the ability to analyze and to
plan is part of what separates us from other animals. The question of when to
trust your instinct (直觉) and when to think
slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原).
Slow
thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its
place. Some decisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to
analysis. In demanding customer-service or public-facing situations, instinct
is often a better guide to how to behave.
Instinct
can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes more unerring
with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess
whether a selection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed
to operate on instinct and others to deliberate (深思熟虑)
over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at least three
designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become,
the better your instinct tends to be.
However,
the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often
the only way to get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox
floods with new emails at the start of a new day, there is absolutely no way to
read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer
and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire
organization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact
that they have been made at all. Yet as data explodes, the temptation (诱惑) to ask for one more bit of analysis has become much harder to resist.
Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into a complex
one.
When
to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition.
Does the decision maker have real expertise in this area Is this a field in
which emotion matters more than reasoning Above all, is it worth delaying the
decision Slow thinking is needed to get the big calls right. But fast thinking
is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.
16．What does the underlined word "unerring" in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Accurate. B．Creative. C．Controllable. D．Obvious.
17．What can we learn from the passage
A．Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.
B．Fast thinking can be a boost to work efficiency.
C．Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.
D．Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.
18．What is the author's purpose of writing the passage
A．To explain how instinct works.
B．To compare instinct and slow thinking.
C．To highlight the value of instinct in the workplace.
D．To illustrate the development of different thinking patterns.
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
Nowadays, the term "quiet quitting" has taken over the Internet, meaning lying flat, or taking a break from the overwork. It appears to have originated from a TikTok video posted by Brian Creely. Creely showed an Insider article written by senior reporter Aki Ito. The headline read, "Fed up with long hours, many employees have quietly decided to take it easy at work rather than quit their jobs." Creely said, "More people are quiet quitting instead of leaving." The video has received nearly 100, 000 likes and more than 4, 000 comments, the vast majority describing the benefits of doing the bare minimum.
Despite a number of news outlets reporting that quiet quitting is a trend that is being encouraged, Insider found many users on the app were actually warning people against doing so.
Ashley Herd, a former employment lawyer, posted two videos about quiet quitting. In her videos, she argued that while limiting work to what is specified in the job description is fine, doing so quietly can be detrimental. "If someone is stressed out, they should feel able to have that conversation with their manager, " she said.
A TikToker and consultant Mary posted a video titled "Minorities should be careful quiet quitting". In the video she said, "Unfortunately in America minorities are held to a different standard. We are looked at differently. So we have to go above and beyond to be successful. We can't risk being regarded as not performing."
In recent weeks, TikTokers have been warning workers that quiet quitting could lead to "quiet firing", labeled as a new workplace trend. The phrase describes the longstanding practice of constructive dismissal—creating an environment that leads a worker to quit their job in order to avoid having to fire them. Creators are receiving hundreds of thousands of views that post about quiet firing and call out managers who employ the practice.
19．What aspect of quiet quitting is introduced in Paragraph 1
A．Its origin. B．Its innovation.
C．Its value. D．Its standard.
20．What does the underlined word "detrimental" mean in Paragraph 3
A．Strange. B．Harmful. C．Vital. D．Effective.
21．What is Mary's opinion on minorities at work
A．They needn't perform well.
B．They should make greater efforts.
C．They have better chances of success.
D．They are treated as equally as others.
22．Which of the following can be a sign of quiet firing in the workplace
A．The boss asks a worker to leave the job.
B．The boss allows a worker flexible working hours.
C．The boss puts off a worker's promotion on purpose.
D．The boss provides a worker with a new environment.
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
A new study shows that getting half of American 8-to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save ＄21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes.
The increase from the current 32 percent to 50 percent of kids taking part in exercise, active play, or sports would also result in 340, 000 fewer overweight teenagers.
"Physical activity not only makes kids feel better and helps them develop healthy habits, it's also good for the nation's bottom line, " says Bruce Y. Lee, executive director of the Global Obesity Prevention Center at Johns Hopkins University. "Our findings show that encouraging exercise and investing in physical activity when kids are young pays big dividends as they grow up."
The study, published in the journal Health Affairs, suggests an even bigger advantage if every 8 to 11-year-old in the United States exercised 75 minutes over three times in a week. In that case, the researchers estimate(估计), ＄62.3 billion in medical costs over the course of their lifetimes could be avoided and 1.2 million fewer youths would be overweight. And the money would increase if not just current 8-to-11 year olds, but every future elementary school child joined their game.
Exercise at least 25 minutes a day, three days a week, is a guideline developed for kids by the Sports and Fitness Industry Association. An overweight person's lifetime medical costs average ＄62, 331. For the overweight person, these amounts are great.
"Even a little increase in physical activity could cause billions of dollars in savings, " Lee says. He also says there are other benefits of physical activity that don't affect weight, such as improving bone density, improving mood, and building muscle.
Lee says "We need to be adding physical education programs and not cutting them. We need to encourage kids to be active, to reduce screen time and get them running around again. It's important for their physical health and the nation's financial(经济的) health."
23．Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A．Getting kids to run would save money.
B．Physical activity is important for kids.
C．Physical education programs: adding or cutting
D．Overweight person's lifetime medical costs are increasing.
24．What's the underlined words' meaning in paragraph 3
A．Pays much money. B．Pays little money.
C．Plays an important part. D．Is a serious question.
25．What can we infer from the passage
A．The number of American kids from 8 to 11 who take part in physical activity is increasing.
B．Physical education programs should be cut to encourage the nation's financial health.
C．25 minutes of physical activity three times a week may result in fewer overweight teenagers.
D．Physical activity can only make kids feel better but can't help them develop healthy habits.
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
For years, you've been told that stress can be deadly and is something to be avoided. Therefore, an anxious situation is often accompanied by a sense of fear. However, recent studies suggest that stress-related harmful effects on your health are not unavoidable.
One study followed 30, 000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn't acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives.
Stressful feelings start out in a small region of the brain that affects how people feel emotions, especially fear. The small region is very sensitive to possible threats. When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!
Another study carried by Health psychologist Dr. McGonigal found a link between stress and the amount of sympathy people showed to others. Researchers tracked 1, 000 adults, their descriptions of the level of stress in their lives and the amount of time spent helping others. With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies. According to Dr. McGonigal, "Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort. Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows."
26．What does the study in paragraph 2 suggest
A．Stress caused many deaths over eight years.
B．Stress won't hurt you if you don't acknowledge its presence.
C．It is not the stress but our response to it that creates problems.
D．Those without stress usually live long and happy lives.
27．What do we know about stress from paragraph 3
A．Stress is harmful to the brain.
B．Stress can cause danger.
C．Stress can be a threat to us.
D．Stress can lead to timely action.
28．What can we learn from Dr. McGonigal's study
A．People without stress spend more time caring others.
B．Stress often causes a family tragedy or financial crisis.
C．Stress can be avoided by helping others.
D．People chasing meaning in life suffer less from stress.
29．Which may be the best title for the text
A．Stress Is Not Your Enemy. B．Man Can Conquer Stress.
C．We Need Remove Stress. D．Stress Is Nearly Harmless
（2023高一上·吉林月考）阅读理解
Earth is far more alive than we previously thought, according to "deep life" studies that reveal a rich underground ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's oceans. Despite extreme heat, no light and intense pressure, scientists estimate it has between 15 billion and 23 billion tonnes of microorganisms. "It's like finding a whole new reservoir (储藏) of life on Earth, " said Karen Lloyd an associate professor at the University of Tennessee.
Results suggest 70 percent of Earth's bacteria and archaea exist in the subsurface. One organism found 2.5 kilometers below the surface has been buried for millions of years and may not rely at all on energy from the sun. Also, the methanogen (产甲烷菌) has found a way to create methane in this environment, which the methanogen may not use to reproduce or divide, but use to replace or repair broken parts. Lengths of their lives were completely different. Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions. They're just active inside, with less energy than people thought possible to support life.
The team consists of 1, 200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics. A year before the conclusion of their study, they will present the findings before the American Geophysical Union's annual meeting opens this week, which they say are made possible by technical advances on drills and microscopes.
The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find. There is a temperature maximum—currently 122℃—but they believe this record will be broken if they keep exploring and developing more advanced instruments.
Questions remain, including how the microbes interact with chemical processes, and what this might reveal about how life and Earth coevolved.
30．What do the scientists find about the underground organisms
A．They can't reproduce and divide.
B．They're the oldest living things.
C．Some of them consume no energy.
D．Some of them almost always keep still.
31．What can we learn about the research from paragraph 3
A．It last for around one year.
B．It involves efforts from many fields.
C．It promotes technical development.
D．It is conducted in 52 countries.
32．Why does the scientists dig deep
A．To break their previous record.
B．To find the depth limit of life.
C．To discover more ancient microorganisms.
D．To measure the highest subsurface temperature.
33．Which of the following can be the best title
A．Earth Depths Are Full of Life.
B．Organisms Live Better Underground.
C．Earth Is Fat Beyond Human Exploration.
D．Subsurface Life Differs from That on Land.
三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题, 共12.5分）
（2023高一上·吉林月考） 阅读七选五
Efficient ways to improve your speech Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public 34．
Use more facial expressions
One psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else for the impression others have of us. A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative. 35． People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression.
Get rid of your inner fear
36． The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear. The first is to admit it. Do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself. Another simple aid at the last minute before you begin, is to take a few deep breaths. This will help get the butterflies in formation and also keep your voice under control.
Polish your voice
Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people. So invest in a tape recorder, practice your speech by speaking it into the microphone and then listen to it. You can even have others join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help. 37．
Strengthen your memory
Psychologists tell us that most individuals don't use above ten percent of their inherent capacity for memory. How to enhance the power of memory First, have a burning desire to remember. It's difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so. 38． Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate. The next principle is repetition, we learned many things in school by repetition.
A.Step number two is concentration. B.Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech. C.A frown often brings the same thing in return. D.Reading aloud cannot necessarily help you develop a personal style. E.Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve. F.It's natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience. G.The more associations you make with the brain, the easier it becomes.
四、完形填空（本大题共15小题, 共15分）
（2023高一上·吉林月考） 完形填空
The most obvious benefit of a single currency is that it will no longer be necessary to incur(引起) the costs of exchange from one currency to another. Travelers know that these costs are not negligible. First of all, there is a commission 39． (usually a fixed amount); secondly, the price 40． which the traveler purchases foreign currency for domestic currency 41． from the price of exchanging back surplus(过剩) foreign currency. The removal of these transaction costs constitutes a gain from monetary union.
Another benefit is that the removal of exchange rate 42． between the countries of the EU would provide much more assurance to 43． location decisions. At present, a company takes 44． of the risk of exchange rate variation in its location decision, and this may lead it to scatter its plants across the various economies, to hedge against(防范) the risk of exchange rate variation. Removing this source of uncertainty allows investors to 45． according to economies of scale and may lead to more plants of 46． size, a reduction in unit cost of production, and increase in 47． .
A single currency provides the 48． for counter-inflationary(反通胀) policies. A single currency could lead to a 49． in the market discrimination that currently exists in the EU (for example, prices of motor cars of the 50． specification(规格) stand higher in the UK than they do in France) as the quotation(报价) of prices in common currency discourages arbitrage(套利) activity and reduces the market division 51． which such discrimination relies. 52． , firms in one country cannot continue to 53． their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive.
39．A． money B． sum C． tip D． charge
40．A． on B． at C． in D． over
41．A． different B． infers C． differs D． variable
42．A． float B． contrast C． similarity D． variation
43．A． appropriate B． cooperative C． corporate D． reasonable
44．A． account B． count C． mind D． range
45．A． decide B． locate C． choose D． invest
46．A． largest B． maximum C． medium D． optimum
47．A． effect B． effectiveness
C． deficiency D． efficiency
48．A． shade B． firework C． framework D． door
49．A． rise B． reduction C． revival D． cause
50．A． same B． different C． similar D． excessive
51．A． in B． on C． over D． at
52．A． While B． Thus C． However D． Although
53．A． rise B． arise C． raise D． set
五、语法填空（本大题共1小题, 共15分）
语法填空
I came into the senior high school at last! This is the first day for me to go to school, so I'm 54． little anxious right now. I want to make a good first 55． (impress), Will I make any friends What if no one talks to me
I just had my first maths class at senior high school The class was difficult, 56． the teacher was kind. He even told us a funny story and everyone laughed so much! J found most of my classmates and teachers 57． (help).
This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson was great, but the guy next to me 58． (try) to talk to me the whole time. I couldn't concentrate 59． the experiment. I 60． (real) wanted to tell him to be quiet and leave me alone.
What a day! This morning, I was worried that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn't feel 61． (frighten) at all. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here and there's a lot 62． (explore) at senior high. I feel much more confident than I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow 63． (be) a great day!
六、书面表达（本大题共1小题, 共15分）
64．（2023高一上·吉林月考）假如你是李华, 你的加拿大笔友Harry上周与信询问你的体育爱好。请给他写一封回信, 内容包括：(1)你喜欢的运动项目及原因, 如有益于身心健康, (physical and mental health), 增强自信等；(2)何时喜欢上这项运动, 现在参加该运动的情况如何；(3)询问对方的体育爱好。
注意：(1)词数80左右；(2)可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Harry,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．ambitious；2．incredibly；3．was committed to；4．distracted；5．decades；6．fortune；7．academic；8．in contrast to；9．For instance；10．furniture；11．contract；12．conservation；13．do his part；14．commitment；15．sets him apart from
【知识点】人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了杰克一生致力于科学研究，并将自己赚来的钱捐赠给环保机构。【点评】考查选词填空，考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证
1．句意：年轻时，杰克雄心勃勃，在科学研究上付出了难以置信的努力。ambitious"雄心勃勃的"，形容词词性，在句中作表语。故填ambitious。
2．句意：年轻时，杰克雄心勃勃，在科学研究上付出了难以置信的努力。incredibly""难以置信地"，副词，此处修饰副词hard,故填incredibly。
3．句意：他致力于自己的事业，几乎没有把注意力分散到其他事情上。be committed to…固定短语，"致力于……"，根据句意和上文"worked"可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填was committed to。
4．句意：他致力于自己的事业，几乎没有把注意力分散到其他事情上。distract"分散"，动词，根据句意和上文"worked"可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，故填distracted。
5．句意：几十年后，他赚了一大笔钱，并在学术界赢得了很好的声誉。decade"十年"，为可数名词，"a couple of"意为"几个，一对"，后接可数名词复数，"decade"的复数形式为"decades"。故填decades。
6．句意：几十年后，他赚了一大笔钱，并在学术界赢得了很好的声誉。fortune""大笔的钱，巨款"，名词词性，make a big fortune固定短语，"赚了一大笔钱"。故填fortune。
7．句意：几十年后，他赚了一大笔钱，并在学术界赢得了很好的声誉。根据上文"scientific research"可知，他致力于科学研究，可知，他在"学术界"赢得了很好的声誉，应用academic"学术的"，形容词词性，在句中作定语。故填academic。
8．句意：然而，与大多数成功人士相比，他过着简朴的生活。in contrast to…"与……对比鲜明，相比之下"，介词短语，此处作状语，故填in contrast to。
9．句意：例如，他现在仍然住在一个家具很少的小房间里。for instance"例如"，是对其简朴生活的举例，句首单词首字母大写。故填For instance。
10．句意：例如，他现在仍然住在一个家具很少的小房间里。furniture"家具"，为不可数名词，在句中作介词with的宾语。故填furniture。
11．句意：上周，他与一家关注环保的慈善机构签署了一份合同。contract"合同"，名词，结合a可知用单数形式，在句中作动词signed的宾语。故填contract。
12．句意：上周，他与一家关注环保的慈善机构签署了一份合同。根据下文"environmental protection"可知，他把自己的钱用于环境保护，可图段，他与一家关注环保的慈善机构签署了一份合同。conservation"（对自然环境的）保护"，为不可数名词，作宾语。故填conservation。
13．句意：他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构，以便在环境保护方面尽自己的一份力。do one's part""尽一份力"，固定短语，此处不定式作状语。故填do his part。
14．句意：正是他对环境的奉献使他与众不同。根据上文可知，他把所有的钱都用于环境保护，commitment"奉献"，为不可数名词，在句中作主语。故填commitment。
15．句意：正是他对环境的奉献使他与众不同。set sb. apart from，动词短语，"使某人与众不同"，根据is可知，应用一般现在时，故填sets him apart from。
【答案】16．A
17．B
18．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；科普环保类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了直觉在工作场所的应用价值。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
16．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Instinct can also be improved.”直觉能够被改善；以及“The more expert you become, the better your instinct tends to be.”你变得越熟练，直觉越准确。说明随着熟练度的提高，直觉也会越来越准确。可推知unerring应是“无偏差的，精确的”意思。故选A。
17．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Instinct is what helps you decide which ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entire organization. ”直觉能够帮助你决定哪些邮件需要回复，哪些需要删除，哪些不用打开。快速思考也对整个组织有益。可知快速思考可以提高工作效率，避免在不重要的事情上浪费时间。故选B。
18．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The question of when to trust your instinct (直觉 )and when to think slow matters in the office as much as in the savannah (草原).”什么时候应该相信你的直觉及什么时候应该缓慢思考的问题在办公室和在大草原上一样重要。可知，在工作场所，直觉也是很重要的；以及最后一段中的“When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. ”什么时候在工作场所使用直觉取决于其自身的识别模式。可知要具体分析在工作场所使用直觉的情况。联系全文内容可知，本文主要强调了直觉在工作场所的应用价值。故选C。
【答案】19．A
20．B
21．B
22．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；社会现象类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了国外的职场中出现的"安静退出"现象及人们对这种现象的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
19．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"It appears to have originated from a TikTok video posted by Brian Creely."它似乎起源于布莱恩·克莱利发布的TikTok视频；以及"Fed up with long hours, many employees have quietly decided to take it easy at work rather than quit their jobs."受够了长时间的工作，许多员工已经悄悄决定在工作中要放松，而不是辞职。可知，第一段介绍了"安静退出"这一说法的起源，它似乎起源于布莱恩·克莱利发布的TikTok视频，指许多员工受够了长时间的工作，悄悄决定在工作中要放松，而不是辞职，可推知，第一段主要介绍了"安静退出"这一说法的起源。故选A。
20．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"‘If someone is stressed out, they should feel able to have that conversation with their manager,' she said."她说："如果有人感到压力过大，他们应该能够与经理进行对话。"可知，Ashley Herd认为如果你在工作中感觉压力过大，应该与经理谈谈，而不是"安静退出"，可推知，她认为"安静退出"的行为是有害的，是不可取的，"Harmful"意为"有害的"，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选B。
21．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"In the video, she said, ‘Unfortunately in America minorities are held to a different standard. We are looked at differently. So we have to go above and beyond to be successful. We can't risk being regarded as not performing.'"在视频中，她说，"不幸的是，在美国，少数族裔被视为不同的标准。我们受到不同的看待。因此，我们必须超越极限才能获得成功。我们不能冒险被视为没有表现。"可知，玛丽认为少数族裔受到不同的看待，他们必须付出更多努力才能获得成功，可推知，玛丽认为工作中的少数族裔应该做出更大的努力。故选B。
22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The phrase describes the longstanding practice of constructive dismissal—creating an environment that leads a worker to quit their job in order to avoid having to fire them."这个短语描述了推定解雇的长期做法——创造了一种环境，导致工人辞职，以避免解雇他们。可知，"安静解雇"指创造了一种环境，导致工人辞职，以避免解雇他们，结合选项，"The boss puts off a worker's promotion on purpose."意为"老板故意推迟工人的晋升。"这种做法会导致工人主动辞职，不用老板解雇他们，可知，"The boss puts off a worker's promotion on purpose."是工作场所"安静解雇"的预兆。故选C。
【答案】23．A
24．C
25．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；说明文；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了让孩子们跑步可以省钱。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
23．考查标题归纳。根据第一段"A new study shows that getting half of American 8-to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save ＄21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes."一项新的研究表明，让一半8至11岁的美国儿童每周进行三次25分钟的体育锻炼，将在他们的一生中节省219亿美元的医疗费用。可知，文章主要介绍了让孩子们跑步可以省钱，"让孩子们跑步能省钱。"适合作文章标题，故选A。
24．考查词义推测。根据第三段知道"Our findings show that encouraging exercise and investing in physical activity when kids are young pays big dividends as they grow up."我们的研究结果表明，在孩子年轻时鼓励锻炼和投资于体育活动，会在他们成长过程中pays big dividends；结合第一段中的"A new study shows that getting half of American 8-to 11-year-olds into 25 minutes of physical activity three times a week would save ＄21.9 billion in medical costs over their lifetimes."一项新的研究表明，让一半8至11岁的美国儿童每周进行三次25分钟的体育锻炼，将在他们的一生中节省219亿美元的医疗费用。可知，让孩子们跑步可以省钱，在孩子年轻时鼓励锻炼和投资于体育活动，会在他们成长过程中发挥重要作用，可推知，划线短语pays big dividends，意为"发挥重要作用"，故选C。
25．考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的"Exercise at least 25 minutes a day, three days a week, is a guideline developed for kids by the Sports and Fitness Industry Association. An overweight person's lifetime medical costs average ＄62,331. For the overweight person, these amounts are great."每周三天，每天至少锻炼25分钟，这是体育与健身行业协会为孩子们制定的指导方针。一个超重者一生的医疗费用平均为62331美元。对于超重的人来说，这些量是很大的。可推知，每周三次25分中的体育锻炼会减少超重青少年的数量，故选C。
【答案】26．C
27．D
28．D
29．A
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过科学研究得出压力本身不会给我们带来问题，我们对压力的态度影响了生活。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
26．考查推理判断。根据第二段"One study followed 30,000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn't acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives."一项研究对30000人进行了为期八年的跟踪调查，并测量了他们的压力水平。那些认为压力有害的人的死亡率高于那些处于压力下，但不承认所谓的有负面影响的人。后一组人更健康，他们中的许多人生活幸福且长寿。可知，死亡率高的测试组中的人们认为压力有害，另一组则不认为压力有不良影响，由测试的研究结果可见，造成问题的不是压力，而是我们对压力的态度。故选C。
27．考查推理判断。根据第三段"When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!"当它感觉到危险时，它会提醒大脑，从而产生恐惧或压力的感觉。当人们需要注意和采取行动时，这些感觉会给他们一个警告信息。例如，当看到一辆超速行驶的汽车时，该区域会快速地释放出信号，我们立即知道要让开！可知，压力感给人们发出信息，从而让人做出应变，及时采取行动。故选D。
28．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies."每发生一次重大压力事件，如家庭悲剧或金融危机，死亡风险都会增加30%。但对于那些花时间帮助他人的人来说，与压力相关的死亡人数没有增加，即使是那些曾经经历过个人悲剧的人；以及"Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort."追求生活的意义比避免生活中的不幸对你的健康更好。可知，追求生活意义的人承受的压力更小。故选D。
29．考查标题归纳。本文通过科学研究得出压力本身不会给我们带来问题，我们对压力的态度影响了生活，结合最后一段中的"Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows."追求在生活中创造意义的东西，然后相信自己能够处理随之而来的压力。可知，"压力不是你的敌人"适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
【答案】30．D
31．B
32．B
33．A
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家对地球深部生命展开了"深层生命"研究，揭示了我们脚下一个丰富的地下生态系统，其大小近乎是全球海洋大小的两倍。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
30．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Some microorganisms have been alive for thousands of years, barely moving except with shifts in earthquakes or eruptions. "有些微生物已经存活了数千年，除了地震或火山爆发的变化，它们几乎没有移动过。可知，有些微生物基本上是没有移动过的。故选D。
31．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"The team consists of 1,200 scientists from 52 countries in disciplines ranging from geology and microbiology to chemistry and physics. "该团队由来自52个国家的1200名科学家组成，他们的学科从地质学、微生物学到化学和物理学。可知，该研究团队是由来自52个国家的1200名科学家组成，他们的学科从地质学、微生物学到化学和物理学即该研究涉及许多领域的努力。故选B。
32．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"The scientists have been wondering about the point beyond which life cannot exist, but the deeper they dig, the more life they find."科学家们一直想知道生命不可能存在的临界点，但他们挖得越深，发现的生命就越多。可知，研究者们一直深挖的理由在于探索生命寻深度极限。故选B。
33．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"Earth is far more alive than we previously thought, according to ‘deep life' studies that reveal a rich underground ecosystem beneath our feet that is almost twice the size of all the world's oceans."根据"深层生命"研究，地球比我们以前想象的要活跃得多，我们脚下有一个丰富的地下生态系统，几乎是世界上所有海洋的两倍大；以及通读全文可知，文章介绍的是科学家对地球深部生命展开了"深层生命"研究，揭示了我们脚下一个丰富的地下生态系统，其大小近乎是全球海洋大小的两倍。结果表明，地球 70% 的细菌和古菌存在于地下，一些微生物已经存活了数千年，仅在地震或喷发时才移动。虽然存在极端高温、无光和巨大的压力，但科学家估计约有 150 至 230 亿吨微生物和细菌在地下生活。这项成果发表在美国地球物理联合会年会上。"地球深处充满了生命"概括文章主旨，适合做文章的标题。故选A。
【答案】34．B；35．C；36．F；37．E；38．A
【知识点】说明文；七选五；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四种能够提高演讲能力的有效方法：使用更多的面部表情；摆脱内心的恐惧；改善说话的声音；加强记忆。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
34．根据空前"Find it difficult to make a wonderful speech in public "觉得在公共场合发表精彩演讲很难吗？引出话题"演讲很难"；同时结合下文的四个小标题"Use more facial expressions"使用更多的面部表情；"Get rid of your inner fear"摆脱内心的恐惧；"Polish your voice"改善说话的声音；和"Strengthen your memory"加强记忆。可知，后文在讲述提高演讲的几种具体方法，故此处空格的内容应起到承上启下的作用， B.Here are some efficient ways to improve your speech. "以下是一些提高演讲水平的有效方法。"符合语境。故选B。
35．根据本段小标题"Use more facial expressions"使用更多的面部表情；空前"A smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative."蕴含眼神的微笑非常具有交流性；以及空后"People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea through your facial expression."人们倾向于表达和你一样的表情，所以试着通过你的面部表情来表达你对某个话题或想法的感觉。可知，本段主要讲述面部表情在演讲中的重要性。C.A frown often brings the same thing in return."皱眉往往也会带来同样的回报。"承上启下，符合语境。故选C。
36．根据本段小标题"Get rid of your inner fear"摆脱内心的恐惧；以及空后"The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear.("处理它的方法是让它为你工作，付诸行动，正如莎士比亚所说，行动可以治愈恐惧。可知，此段主要讲述如何摆脱内心的恐惧。F.It's natural to have some tension when you appear before an audience."当你出现在观众面前时，很自然会有一些紧张。"符合语境。故选F。
37．根据本段小标题"Polish your voice"改善说话的声音；空前"Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people."我们的声音是我们与人交流的主要工具；以及"Simply reading a newspaper, a magazine or stories to your children out loud can help."只需大声给孩子读报纸、杂志或故事就可以了。可知，本段主要讲的是如何改善说话的声音，E.Your emphasis, pausing, pace and even pitch can improve."你的重点、停顿、速度甚至音高都可以提高。"承接上文，表示通过前文的给孩子大声读报纸、讲故事等方式可以提高说话的重点、停顿等，符合语境。故选E。
38．根据本段小标题"Strengthen your memory"加强记忆；空前"First, have a burning desire to remember. It's difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so."首先，有一种强烈的记忆欲望。如果没有记忆的欲望那回忆东西是很难的。可知，本段主要讲述如何加强记忆，上文中的First表示第一点；以及空后"Our success depends greatly on our ability to concentrate."我们的成功很大程度上取决于我们的专注能力。与上文表述内容不一致，说明此处讲的是另外一点， A.Step number two is concentration." 第二步就是专心致志。"承接上文，Step number two是First的顺延，同时concentration又与后文中的concentrate相对应，符合语境。故选A。
【答案】39．D；40．B；41．C；42．D；43．C；44．A；45．B；46．D；47．D；48．C；49．B；50．A；51．B；52．B；53．C
【知识点】说明文；政治经济类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，单一货币最明显的好处是，它将不再需要承担从一种货币到另一种货币的兑换成本。作者介绍了单一货币的好处。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，介词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇经济类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
39．句意：首先，有一个佣金费用（通常是一个固定的数额）；其次，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同。A. money"金钱"；B. sum"总数"；C. tip"建议，小费"；D. charge"价钱，费用"。根据空前"there is a commission"可知，要收取一定的佣金费用，故选D。
40．句意：首先，有一个佣金费用（通常是一个固定的数额）；其次，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同。A. on"在……上面"；B. at"在……"；C. in"在……里面"；D. over"多于"。根据空前"the price"可知，此处表示"以……的价格"，是介词短语at the price，此处是at+which引导的定语从句，修饰名词price，which代指price，故选B。
41．句意：首先，有一个佣金费用（通常是一个固定的数额）；其次，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同。A. different"不同的"；B. infers"推理"；C. differs"不同"；D. variable"可变的"。根据空后"from the price of exchanging back surplus (过剩) foreign currency."可知，旅客购买外币兑换本国货币的价格与兑换应与外币的价格不同，differ from固定短语，"与……不同"，故选C。
42．句意：另一个好处是，消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异将为公司选址决策提供更多的保证。A. float"漂浮"；B. contrast"对比"；C. similarity"相似性"；D. variation"变化，差异"。根据空前"Another benefit is that the removal of exchange rate"；以及空后"between the countries of the EU would provide much more assurance to"和"exchange rate variation"可知，此处指消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异的好处，故选D。
43．句意：另一个好处是，消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异将为公司选址决策提供更多的保证。A. appropriate"合适的"；B. cooperative"合作的"；C. corporate"公司的"；D. reasonable"合理的"。根据空后"location decisions"和下文"a company"可知，此处指公司选址决策，corporate是名词作定语，故选C。
44．句意： 目前，公司在选址时考虑到汇率变动的风险，这可能导致公司将工厂分散到各个经济体，以对冲汇率变动的风险。A. account"账户，解释"；B. count"数数"；C. mind"思想"；D. range "范围"。根据空前"a company takes"；以及空后"of the risk of exchange rate variation in its location decision"可知，公司在选址时考虑到汇率变动的风险，故选A。
45．句意：消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，并可能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低单位生产成本，提高效率。A. decide"决定"；B. locate"坐落于，定位，确定位置"；C. choose"选择"；D. invest"投资"。根据空前"Removing this source of uncertainty allows investors to"和上文提到的消除欧盟国家之间的汇率差异将为公司选址决策提供更多的保证可知，消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，故选B。
46．句意：消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，并可能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低单位生产成本，提高效率。A. largest"最大的"；B. maximum"最大化的"；C. medium"中等的"；D. optimum"最佳的"。根据上文，消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济确定位置，以及空后"a reduction in unit cost of production"可知，消除这种不确定来源，能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低生产成本，故选D。
47．句意：消除这种不确定性的来源，使投资者能够根据规模经济进行定位，并可能导致更多最佳规模的工厂，降低单位生产成本，提高效率。A. effect"效果"；B. effectiveness"有效性"；C. deficiency"不足"；D. efficiency"效率"。根据空前"a reduction in unit cost of production, and increase in"可知，此处在介绍消除这种不确定性所带来的好处，即公司减少成本，提高效率，故选D。
48．句意：单一货币为反通胀政策提供了框架。A. shade"阴影"；B. firework"烟火"；C. framework"框架"；D. door"门"。根据空后"for counter-inflationary (反通胀) policies."可知，单一货币为反通胀政策提供了框架。故选C。
49．句意：单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视（例如，英国同种规格汽车的价格高于法国），因为共同货币的价格报价抑制了套利活动，并减少了这种歧视所依赖的市场分工。A. rise"升起"；B. reduction"减少"；C. revival"复兴"；D. cause"原因"。根据下文"reduces the market division"可知，单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视。故选B。
50．句意：单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视（例如，英国同种规格汽车的价格高于法国），因为共同货币的价格报价抑制了套利活动，并减少了这种歧视所依赖的市场分工。A. same"同样的"；B. different"不同的"；C. similar"相似的"；D. excessive"过度的"。根据空后"specification (规格) stand higher in the UK than they do in France"可知，此处在对比同种规格汽车的价格，故选A。
51．句意：单一货币可能会减少欧盟目前存在的市场歧视（例如，英国同种规格汽车的价格高于法国），因为共同货币的价格报价抑制了套利活动，并减少了这种歧视所依赖的市场分工。A. in"在……里面"；B. on"在……上面"；C. over"在……上面"；D. at"在……"。此处是介词+which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词market division，rely on固定搭配，意为"依赖"，故此处用介词on+which引导定语从句，故选B。
52．句意：因此，一个国家的公司不可能继续提高其价格高于其欧洲竞争对手，同时仍然保持竞争力。A. While"然而"；B. Thus"因此"；C. However"然而"；D. Although"尽管"。前后是因果关系，根据空后"firms in one country cannot continue to 15 their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive."可知，此处在对上文做出总结，上文是原因，此处是结果，故用thus，表示"因此"。故选B。
53．句意：因此，一个国家的公司不可能继续提高其价格高于其欧洲竞争对手，同时仍然保持竞争力。A. rise"上升"；B. arise"产生"；C. raise"提高"；D. set"设置"。根据空后"their prices higher than their European competitors and still remain competitive."可知，一个国家的公司不可能继续提高其价格高于其欧洲竞争对手，raise是及物动词，后面加宾语，故选C。
【答案】54．a；55．impression；56．but；57．helpful；58．tried；59．on；60．really；61．frightened；62．to explore；63．will be
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者记录了自己上高中的第一天。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，名词，连词，形容词，时态，介词，副词，形容词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
54．句意：这是我第一天上学，所以我现在有点焦虑。根据句意和little可知，此处应填入不定冠词a，a little 表示程度"一点"，修饰形容词nervous。故填a。
55．句意：我想给别人留下好的第一印象，我会交到朋友吗？如果没人跟我说话怎么办？根据句意和a good first可知，此处应用单数名词作宾语，故填impression。
56．句意：这门课很难，但老师很和蔼。前后都是句子，应用连词连接两个句子，根据句意可知，前后句是转折关系，应用表示转折的连词but。故填but。
57．句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很愿意帮助人。分析句子结合句意可知，此处应用形容词作宾语补足语，故填helpful。
58．句意：实验室是新的，课程也很好，但我旁边的人一直想和我说话。此处是谓语动词，由语境和并列句的谓语动词was可知，时态是一般过去时，故填tried。
59．句意：我无法集中精力做实验。concentrate on固定短语，"专注于，集中"，故填on。
60．句意：我真想告诉他安静点，别烦我。此处修饰动词wanted，应用副词作状语，故填really。
61．句意：我一点也不感到害怕。根据句意和feel可知，空处为表语，应用形容词，主语I为人，应用-ed 形式的形容词，frightened(感到害怕的)符合语境。故填frightened。
62．句意：我想念我初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里交到新朋友，在高中有很多可以探索的地方。分析可知，此处做a lot的后置定语，表示"将要去探索"，应用不定式表将来。故填to explore。
63．句意：我想明天会是美好的一天！空处是从句的谓语，根据tomorrow可知时态用一般将来时，故填will be。
64．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Harry,
I am glad to receive your letter. Now I'm writing to tell you about my favorite sports. Of all the sports, I like table tennis best.①I think playing table tennis is beneficial to both physical and mental health, as it not only helps to build up my strength and confidence but also brings pleasure to my life. What's more, it makes me more energetic and effective in my study. I began to show great interest in it at the age of seven. Now I'm on the school table tennis team. To improve my skills, I practice playing table tennis with my teammates and friends every weekend after finishing our homework.
By the way, I'm curious about your sports hobby. Would you please tell me about it Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封回信。写作背景：你的加拿大笔友Harry上周与信询问你的体育爱好。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：(1)你喜欢的运动项目及原因, 如有益于身心健康, 增强自信等；(2)何时喜欢上这项运动, 现在参加该运动的情况如何；(3)询问对方的体育爱好。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I am glad to receive your letter. 运用了不定式作原因状语；Now I'm writing to tell you about my favorite sports. 运用了不定式作目的状语；I think playing table tennis is beneficial to both physical and mental health, as it not only helps to build up my strength and confidence but also brings pleasure to my life. 运用了宾语从句，原因状语从句； To improve my skills, I practice playing table tennis with my teammates and friends every weekend after finishing our homework.运用了不定式作目的状语。
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