2024年中考英语 复习之动词时态（含答案）

1245870010579100动词时态
语法清单
I.时态的含义及用法
动词随着时间的变化而变态。
时态
含义
一般现在时态
1.表示反复发生或经常发生的动作
2. 表示主语通常的能力，兴趣爱好
3. 表示客观真理
一般过去时态
过去经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态
一般将来时态
计划安排或者马上要做的事情
现在进行时态
表示现在正在进行的动作或者存在的状态
过去进行时态
表示过去某一时间段或某一时间段内正在发生或进行的动作
现在完成时态
1. 过去发生的动作持续到现在
2. 过去发生的动作对将来有影响
II.六大时态的基本用法
含义及谓语形式
时态
谓语形式
一般现在时态
①非be动词：do（单三）/does（非单三）
(主语是I是you是复数，谓语动词do形,主语非I非you非复数，谓语动词用does形)
②be动词：am/is/are
（主语是I，用am, 是you 是复数用are, 非I 非you非复数，用is）
一般过去时态
①非be动词：did （-ed）
②be动词：was/were
（主语是you 是复数用were, 非you非复数用was）
一般将来时态
will+do/ be(am/is/are) going to+do
现在进行时态
be(am/is/are)+doing
过去进行时态
was/were +doing
现在完成时态
have（非单三）/has（单三）+done
标志词归纳
时态
标志词
一般现在时态
频度副词
always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly/seldom/never
2)every 系列，
3)次数（once a day, twice a day, three times a day）
一般过去时态
yesterday系列
last系列
ago系列
once upon a time, in+(过去的时间点)
just now, this morning,in the past
一般将来时态
now, look,listen, at the moment, be quiet, be careful, these days
现在进行时态
tomorrow系列, next系列, in +(将来的时间点)， in +(一段段)， this afternoon/ evening, soon
过去进行时态
At this time yesterday, at 9:00 last night, When I came in,at that time/moment
现在完成时态
already,yet,since, for+一段时间 , just,never,ever, before
动词的变化形式
动词
动词形式
变化规则
原形
V.
/
动词单三
V.-s
V.-es
1) 一般动词:加__s___;
2)以 ch,s, sh, x, o 结尾的单词:加__es___;
3) 辅音字母+y 结尾的单词:变__y____为__i__,加__es___;
4) have 变 has
现在分词/动名词
V.-ing
1) 一般动词:加_ing___;
2) 以不发音字母e结尾的单词:去e再加__ing___;
3) 以动词闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅):双写__末尾辅音字母___加__ing_____;
4) 以ie 结尾的动词: 变为_y_再加_ing_。
过去式/过去分词
V.-ed
规则
1) 直:一般动词直接加_ed_;
2) 去: 以字母e结尾的单词加d;
3) 变: 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词变___为 i 再加_ed___;
4) 双:重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的单词双写___末尾辅音字母_____加_ed___。
不规则
1) AAA 型例如:cost -cost-cost;
2) ABB型 例如: hear - heard -heard:
3) ABC型 例如: do - did-done;
4) AAB型 例如:beat - beat - beaten:
5) ABA型 例如:come - came - come;
III.时态中的易错点
1. There be 句型的一般将来时态结构
1) There be +will do = There will be
e.g. In the future, there will be refrigerators that can do more than we can imagine.
2)There be going to do = There is going to be
e.g. There is going to be a talk about American music at the Children's Palace.
2.现在完成时态中短暂性动词和延续性动词的转化
1)含义
短暂性动词:表示动作在短时间内完成
延续性动词:表示动作能够延续
短暂性动词和延续性动词的转化
转化方法
短暂性动词
延续性动词
变成对应的另一个动词
buy
have
borrow
keep
become
be
变成be+形容词/介词/副词
die
be dead
marry
be married
leave
be away (from)
join
be in/be a member of…
begin/start
be on
end/finish
be over
open/close
be open/closed
考点解读
Part 1 根据时间状语确定时态
典例精讲
分布题型:完成句子、书面表达等
he, go, take, race, world, difficult, well, wide, have, be
Rick ___ won five gold medals (奖牌) in the last few years begin.
解析
考查现在完成时。根据时间标志词“in the last few years”可知本句的时态为现在完成时，现在完成时结构have / has done，空格后为won，主语为 Rick 第三人称，故答案为has。
分点突破
1.单项选择
1. Next week, each student in the class a small gift from their teachers.
A. receives B. received
C. will receive D. has received
2.- Hi, I didn't see you at John's birthday party last night.
—Oh, I__ the book report at that time.
A. prepared for B. prepare for
C. am preparing for D. was preparing for
3. The students are sorry to hear that the famous singer ____for half an hour.
A. has left B. has gone
C. has been away D. has gone away
4.—Tom, your Chinese is very good. How long have you ___ China?
—For 3 years.
A. been in B. been to
C. gone to D. been away
5.There __ a football match on TV this evening.
A. will have B. is going to be
C. has D. is going to have
I1.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Tom and Mary came (come) to China last month.
2. Last week, he came to visit us in Canada. But he _felt__(feel) very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with him.
3. Students in Grade Nine were taking__(take) a maths exam at this time yesterday.
4. Be quick! Li Lei is waiting (wait) for us at the school gate.
5. Bob hasn't seen Kim since they graduated (graduate) from high school.
真题在线
1.One Sunday afternoon, after running as usual, John __to go home and have a rest.
A. decided B. has decided C. decides D.will decide
2.— Peter, have you ever been to the English Corner?
—Oh, yes. I __there to practice speaking once a week last term.
A.went B.go C. have gone D. will go
3.We _ each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often.
A. don't see B. didn't see C. won't see D. haven't seen
4.—Have scientists found life on Mars?
—Not yet, but I think they __ it someday.
A. find B. found C. have found D.will find
学校真题
5.她每天上午10:15做眼保健操。
She does eye exercises at a quarter past ten every day.
6.快点，有人在等你。
Hurry up. Someone is waiting for you.
7.后天，我们学校将会有一场足球比赛。
There is going to be a football match in our school the day after tomorrow.
Part 2.根据上下文语境及语义确定时态
典例精讲
分布题型:语法完形、短文填空、完成句子等真题分析
He finally made it and took home a silver cup for a special acting prize. The movie also __both national and international prizes.
A. will win B. win C.wins D.won
解析
考查一般过去时。空格所在句没有时间标志词,但句子前后时态需保持一致，根据前句的谓语动词“made”和“took”可知时态为过去时。故正确答案为D。
分点突破
1.单项选择
1.- Sam, come downstairs, please. I need your help.
-Sorry, mum. I _ on the phone.
A. am talking B.talked C. was talking D. have talked
2. - Have you ever been to Shanghai?
- Of course. Actually, I _there for six years but now I live in Xi'an.
worked B. was working C. would work D. have worked
3.- The recent rain storms in southern China ____ the local people much trouble.
-Yes. But they're sure to get over it.
A. have caused B. will cause
C. were causing D. cause
4. I cleaned my room yesterday. It _ a little difficult.
A. is B.was C. will be D.will is
5.-Why are you in such a hurry?
-My mother __ me at the school gate.
A. is waiting for B. was waiting for
C. waits for D.waited for
II.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Someone is crying (cry). Let's go and see who it is.
2. In China more and more people ride (ride) shared bikes to and from work.
3. Reading books builds (build) a bridge between our lives and the unknown world.
4. Sorry. I've forgotten (forget) your phone number. Could you please tell me again?
5. Linda was busy when I went to see her yesterday. She _was studying__(study) for an exam.
中考真题
1.When I was in primary school, I fell in love with reading. The books__ me to a wonderful world.
A. brought B. are bringing C. bring D. have brought
2.-Jack, I'm busy doing the washing. Can you give me a hand?
-Wait a moment. I _ the bed.
A. am making B. will make C. was making D. have made
3.-Where did you go last winter vacation?
-I___to London with my family.
A. go B. have gone C.went D. was going
4.I __ an invitation to the concert. I can't wait to go.
A. receive B. will receive C. was receiving D. have received
5.中国政府全力以赴阻止新冠病毒传播。
The Chinese government is going all out to make sure that COVID-19 will no longer spread.
6.聚会结束时我唱了一首歌。
I sang a song at the end of the party.
学校真题
7.Now, service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen. We have to say bike-sharing us more convenience without doubt. And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.
brought B. will bring C.brings D. bring
8.An old woman ___ on the floor, crying. In her traditional Palestinian dress, she made me think of my grandmother.
A. lies B. is lying C. was lying D. will lie
9.在全队合力下，他们赢了这次的比赛。
The team won the competition with their great teamwork.
11.单项选择
1. Every year many foreigners _ to China to learn Chinese.
A. have come B.comes C. came D. come
2. Michael _____ in a school in Yunnan from February to June next year.
A. teach B. taught C. will teach D.was teaching
3. It is said that the number of forest parks in Guangdong __to more than 1,000 so far.
A. increase B.increased C. has increased D will increase
4.- Honey, where are you?
-I___. Just let me put on my shoes.
A. come B.came C. am coming D. have come
III.完成句子
1.珍妮正在通过收音机听新闻。
Jenny is listening to the news on the radio.
2.他身体很虚弱，经常感冒。
He is weak and he often has a cold
3.大夫测了我的体温，然后给我开了些药。
The doctor took my temperature and then gave me some medicine.
4.史密斯先生已经决定买一套靠海的房子。
Mr. Smith has decided to buy a house near the sea.