通用版六年级下册形容词比较级最高级讲义（无答案）

形容词比较级&最高级
一、形容词的定义
形容词是常用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征、性质或状态的词。
形容词的用法（位置）
1.放在名词之前，即形容词+名词 E.g. We live in a beautiful house.
2.放在系动词之后，即系动词+形容词 E.g. My idea is great.
常见系动词
类别 例词 例句
状态系动词 be She is very kind.
感官系动词 feel、look、sound、smell、taste The flowers look beautiful.
常见形容词-互为反义词-【背诵】
long-short tall-short new-old young-old
fat-thin thick-thin big-small good-bad
hot-cold beautiful/handsome-ugly happy-sad rich-poor
hungry-full empty-full clean-dirty busy-free
wet-dry hard-soft strong-weak sweet-sour
heavy-light easy-difficult fast-slow cheap-expensive
safe-dangerous quiet-noisy
形容词的构词法-【背诵】
类别 例词 词缀
天气类 cloud cloudy -y
wind windy
snow snowy
rain rainy
sun sunny
fog foggy
多个形容词修饰名词的排序-【美小圆旧黄，法国木书房】
【美】一般描绘性形容词：beautiful,ugly,bad, interesting, boring...
【小】表示大小，长短，高低的形容词：small,big, long, short, tall,high,low...
【圆】表示形状的形容词：round,square...
【旧】表示年龄，新旧的形容词：old, young，new...
【黄】表示颜色的形容词：yellow,red,green,blue,black...
【法国】表示国籍，地区，出处的形容词：French, Chinese,Japanese...
【木】表示物质，材料的形容词：wooden,golden,woolen（羊毛的）
【书房】表示被修饰的名词：study,skirt,car,house...
如：一张又大又漂亮的棕色圆形新木桌
a beautiful big round new brown wooden table
形容词比较级&最高级的变化规则
1.规则变化-【背诵】
类别 构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般情况，直接 +er，est long longer longest
tall taller tallest
以不发音的e结尾，+r，st late later latest
large larger largest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,+er，est easy easier easiest
happy happier happiest
以“重读闭音节，辅元辅结构”结尾，双写尾字母，+er，est big bigger biggest
hot hotter hottest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在原级前， +more，most careful more careful most careful
beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
2.不规则变化-【背诵】
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther(较远) farthest(最远)
further(较远；进一步) furthest(最远；最大限度)
old older(年纪较大的) oldest(年纪最大的)
elder(较年长的) eldest(最年长的)
形容词原级&比较级&最高级的句型
1.形容词原级的用法
①肯定句中的结构：A+be+as+形容词原级+as+B. (A和B一样)
The football is as big as the basketball.
②否定句中的结构：A+be+not+as+形容词原级+as +B. (A不如B)
This book isn't as new as that one.
2.形容词比较级的用法
①表示“A比B更...”的结构：A+be+adj.比较级+than+B.
The snake is longer than the ruler.
②表示“A越来越…”的结构：
a.A+be+adj.比较级+and+adj.比较级.
Tina is getting older and older.
b.A+be+more and more+adj.原级. (当adj.为多音节词或部分双音节词时)
Amy is more and more beautiful.
③表示“哪一个/谁更…”的结构：Who/Which+be+adj.比较级,A or B
Who is thinner，Tom or Jack
④表示“A是两者之间比较...的一个”的结构：A+be+the+adj.比较级(of the two).
Tom is the thinner of the two.
⑤表示“越…，就越…”的结构：the +比较级...,the+比较级…
The more you eat,the fatter you will be.
3.形容词最高级的用法
①表示“A是（范围中）最...的”的结构：A+be+the+adj.最高级+in/of+范围.
Betty is the tallest in her class.
②表示“A是（范围中）最...的之一”的结构：A+be+one of +the+adj.最高级+n.复数(+范围).
Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players.
The Great Wall is one of the greatest wonders in the world.
③表示“哪一个/谁最…”的结构：Which/Who+be+the+adj.最高级,A,B or C
Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Suzhou
④表示“A是（范围中）第几最”的结构：A+be+ the+序数词+adj.最高级+n.单数+范围.
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
【注意】：形容词最高级前面有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，不需要再用定冠词。如：This is our best lesson today.
Vocabulary.
四会单词&词组
1 interesting [ ntr st ] adj. 有趣的
2 boring [ b r ] adj. 令人厌烦的，无聊的
3 high [ha ] adj. 高的
4 low [l ] adj. 低的
5 round [ra nd] adj. 圆/球/环/弧形的
6 square [skwe (r)] adj. 方形的
7 wooden [ w dn] adj. 木制的；呆板的
8 golden [ ɡ ld n] adj. 金（黄）色的
9 woolen [ w l n] adj. 毛料的
10 wide [wa d] adj. 宽的
11 careful [ ke fl] adj. 小心的
12 crazy [ kre zi] adj. 疯狂的
13 joyful [ d fl] adj. 快乐的，高兴的
14 slim [sl m] adj. 苗条的
15 wonder [ w nd (r)] 奇迹
16 pretty [ pr ti] adj. 漂亮的
三会单词&词组
1 delicious [d l s] adj. 美味的
2 dolphin [ d lf n] n. 海豚
3 plateau [ pl t ] n. 高原
4 island group [ a l nd ɡru p] 群岛
【Homework-1】
写出下列形容词的反义词。
hungry- empty- old- thin-
big- hard- sad- poor-
wet- easy- clean- fast-
cheap- free- cold- weak-
noisy- ugly- tall- sweet-
写出下列所给词的比较级和最高级。
原级 比较级 最高级
fast
wide
easy
small
large
dirty
long
rude
hot
busy
thin
few
fat
good
little
bad
far
difficult
expensive
clever
clear
many
young
三、单项选择。
1.He feels ___________today than yesterday.
A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired
2.Which do you like___________, coffee, tea or milk
A. the worst B. worse C.the worse D. worst
3. ___________of the two women is Mrs. Brown.
A.The beautiful B. The more beautiful C.More beautiful D. The most beautiful
4.The line is___________than that one.
A. more longer B. not longer C. longer D.many more longer
5.The book is___________ of the two.
A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D.the thinnest
6.Whose sweater is___________of all
A. cheaper B. cheap C. cheapest D. the cheapest
7. The garden is becoming___________.
A.more beautiful and more B.more beautiful and beautiful
C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler
8.The___________you are，the___________mistakes you will take.
A. more careful,fewer B. carefully , few
C. more careful, more few D. careful, fewer
9.-Which is___________,the sun, the moon or the earth - Of course, the moon is.
A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.the smallest
10.Mike’s cake tastes_____________.
A.good B.better C.more good D.best
【Homework-2】
一、用形容词的适当形式填空。
1.She is____________(young) of the girls.
2.My eyes are____________(big) than his eyes.
3.Our country is becoming____________and____________(strong).
4.He is getting____________and____________(careful).
5.Maria is____________(thin).Lucy is____________(thin) than Mary.
6. Who is____________(fat),Mike or Jack
7. Tom is as____________(tall) as Jim.
8.1 am much____________(well)than yesterday.
9.Which is____________(long),the red one or the yellow one
10.Asia is____________(big) continent of the three continents.
二、根据所给汉语提示完成句子。
1.我和我姐姐一样忙。
I am_____________________my sister.
2.这支铅笔和那支铅笔一样长。
This pencil is_____________________that pencil.
3.我爸爸比我妈妈年龄大。
My father is_____________________my mother.
4.我们学校比你们学校更漂亮。
Our school is_____________________your school.
5.汤姆是我们城镇里最好的歌手。
Tom is_____________________in our town.