龙岭学校2023-2024学年第一学期第三次月考
高二级英语卷
考试时间：120分钟 考试满分：120分
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World
Place des Fetes — New York City
This famous wine bar provides a spot with a rare sweet and warm atmosphere. For date night, go to the bar with views of the open kitchen, or fill up the large table in the back with a group and taste the entire item menu. Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup.
Le Doyenne — Saint — Vrain, France
Australian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables (马厩) of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm, restaurant, and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture. More than one hundred varieties of fruits, vegetables, and herbs make their way into Henry’s cooking after being carefully nurtured by Kelly.
Mi Compa Chava — Mexico City
Almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s. On the sidewalk crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco’s creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood. Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet, though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal.
Vilas — Bangkok
Can a dish inspired by a Spanish recipe using Japanese ingredients (原料) still be considered Thai For Chef Prin Polsuk, one of Bangkok’s most famous Thai chefs, it most certainly can. At his latest restaurant, a small dining room at the base of Bangkok’s hulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and landmark King Power Mahanakhon Tower, he draws inspiration from King Chulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and cooking techniques he added to the royal cookbooks.
1. What can you do in Place des Fetes — New York City
A. Drink the red wine. B. Taste the mushroom soup.
C. Watch the musicals. D. Enjoy the beautiful views.
2. Which restaurant best suits people who suffer from alcohol
A. Place des Fetes. B. Le Doyenne.
C. Mi Compa Chava. D. Vilas.
3. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To introduce the features of some restaurants.
B. To compare the origins of some restaurants.
C. To state the similarities of some restaurants.
D. To recommend some foods of some restaurants.
B
Math had never been something I was good at since middle school. Classes became harder in high school, and I was even further from a math teacher’s dream student. So at the start of my freshman year, I had an aversion to math. It wasn’t that I didn’t want to do well, but simply that I didn’t think I was able to do well. “I can’t” became my state of mind in all things related (有关的) to math.
However, I was soon to learn that “I can’t” was not a choice in Mr. A’s class.
Mr. A always greeted (迎接) us with open arms as he said, “Welcome! Smile! It’s a great day to be alive!” It was clear that Mr. A had a true passion (热情) not only for math but for teaching. If Mr. A ever experienced bad days in life, he never showed it. Mr. A greeted us with that same smile every day. He encouraged each student, from the top achiever to the “I can’t” student.
I found myself looking forward to math class, although I still hated the subject itself. Being in Mr. A’s presence made me feel good, as if I had the chance to succeed. As the year progressed, I spent increasingly more time on my homework, and I met with Mr. A weekly. My classmates began to do the same, and it became “cool” to have lunch and talk with Mr. A. We didn’t know it at the time, but he was changing our attitudes (态度).
Though my story is not one of overnight success and I didn’t become a straight-A math student, my hard work did begin to pay off and my grades slowly began to climb. There were hard times, of course. Difficult math questions sometimes succeeded in bringing me down, but Mr. A kept reminding (提醒) me, “Kate, smile! It’s a great day to be alive!”
4. What does the underlined word “aversion” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Interest. B. Responsibility. C. Dislike. D. Misunderstanding.
5. What first made the author look forward to math class
A. Mr. A’s attitude.
B. Her interest in math.
C. Her friends’ encouragement.
D. The top achievers in her class.
6. How did the author feel about her talk over lunch with Mr. A
A It was straight.
B. It was awkward.
C. It was challenging.
D. It was impressive.
7. How did the author change in math
A. She made slow progress.
B. She fell in love with math.
C. She became a straight-A math student.
D. She became comfortable with difficult math questions.
C
Not sleeping enough or getting a bad night’s sleep over and over makes it hard to control your appetite. And that sets you up for all sorts of health problems, including obesity (肥胖) , heart disease and high blood pressure.
The link between poor sleep and a greater body mass index(BMI) has been shown in study after study, but researchers typically relied on the memories of the participants to record how well they slept.
Sleep apps on fitness trackers, smartphones and watches have changed all that. In a new study researchers tracked sleep quality for 120,000 people for up to two years.
The results showed sleep durations (持续时间) and patterns are highly variable between people. Despite that, the study found people with BMIs of 30 or above — which is considered obese by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention－had slightly shorter sleep durations and more variable sleep patterns.
It didn’t take much less sleep to see the effect. People with BMIs over 30 only slept about 15 minutes less than those less weighty people.
There were some limitations to the study, naps(午睡) were not included, other health conditions could not be factored in, and people who use wearable tracking devices are typically younger, healthier and from a higher economic status than those who do not wear trackers.
“These are quite pricey devices, and they are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The results would need to be validated (确认) by the appropriate FDA-approved devices, and because the study is likely on younger people who are more economically well off, it needs further study whether that really applies to older folks with poor sleep.” said Dasgupta, the associate program director.
However, Dasgupta added, a major plus for the study is that it did monitor people for over two years, and the results corroborated previous research and were “not surprising.”
While we cannot determine the direction of association from our study result, these findings provide further support to the idea that sleep patterns are associated with weight management and overall health.
8. How does the new study differ from previous studies
A It lasts the longest time in history. B. It uses apps to record participants’ sleep.
C. It specially improves participants’ sleep quality. D. It relied on participants’ memory to record data.
9. What is Dasgupta’s attitude toward the new finding
A. Doubtful B. Shocked C. Cautious D. Dissatisfied
10. What does the underlined word “corroborated” probably mean in Paragraph 8
A. limit B. correct C. confirm D. combine
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Sleep Quality Varies from Person to Person
B. Sleep Apps Are Widely Used to Monitor Sleep
C. Young People Are Paying More Attention to Obesity
D. Lack of Sleep May Be Possibly Connected with Obesity
D
This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles. They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability (责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars,” Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
12. What does the phrase “death valley” in paragraph 2 refer to
A A place where cars often break down. B. A case where passing a law is impossible.
C. An area where no driving is permitted. D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
13. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to .
A. stop people from breaking traffic rules B. help promote fully automatic driving
C. protect drivers of all ages and races D. prevent serious property damage
14. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in .
A. Singapore B. the UK C. the US D. Germany
15. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Autonomous driving: Whose liability B. Fully automatic cars: A new breakthrough
C. Autonomous vehicles: Driver removed! D. Driverless cars: Root of road accidents
第二节 ( 共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
How to be Creative
Most of us think that creativity is quality belonging only to artists, writers, or dancers, rather than ourselves. ____16____. The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.
Get out of your comfort zone
We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown. Break out of your usual patterns (模式) and welcome creativity into your life. As stated earlier, the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. ____17____. In fact, our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns. As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns, we rely less on creativity to find new paths. We should force ourselves out of our comfort zone and open up new possibilities.
Try different things
We are used to habits and routines, and creativity hates routines. If you usually drive to work, take the subway for a few days. ____18____. Interrupt your routine, experiment and try something new. New things are often creative, but the same old thing never is.
____19____
Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality. Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago Yet someone else is making money with “your” idea. ____20____. The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action. Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life. If you can put them into practice, you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life.
A. Take action
B. Seek several choices
C. Think from the other person’s point of view
D. If you usually eat in the office, have lunch under a tree
E. So we can create patterns for almost everything we do
F. The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative
G. We all have great ideas sometimes, but only a few people turn their ideas into realities
二、完形填空(每空1分,共15分)
While I was riding a bike, I noticed a man about half a mile in front of me. He was traveling at a lower speed, so I decided to ____21____ him. I had about a mile to go on the road before turning off.
I started ____22____ faster and faster. And every block, I gradually closed the distance. Finally, I ____23____ him and passed him by. I felt like a ____24____, while he seemed unaware that we were in a ____25____.
After I passed him, I realized that I had been so ____26____ on competing against him that I had ____27____ my turn, had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around.
Isn’t that what ____28____ in life We spend most of our time ____29____ with neighbors, friends and family, trying to _____30_____ them, or trying to outdo them — while there was never a competition in the first place.
We use most of our time and energy competing with others instead of _____31_____ our destination, and we miss out on our own paths to our destinies _____32_____.
Unhealthy competition is a continuous process and a never-ending cycle. No matter what you do, someone will always be _____33_____ you; someone with a better job, a nice car and more money.
Feel grateful for what life has offered you, stay concentrated on your _____34_____ and live a healthy life. There’s no _____35_____ in destiny. Run your own race of life and wish others well!
21. A. remind B. approach C. pass D. follow
22. A. running B. driving C. walking D. cycling
23. A. caught up with B. put up with C. kept up with D. came up with
24. A. judge B. winner C. partner D. bystander
25. A. test B. project C. race D. task
26. A. focused B. dependent C. hard D. impressed
27. A. finished B. missed C. wasted D. made
28. A. remains B. offers C. happens D. works
29. A. celebrating B. communicating C. arguing D. competing
30. A. defeat B. help C. encourage D. please
31. A. choosing B. exploring C. reaching D. understanding
32. A. by chance B. on purpose C. as usual D. as a result
33. A. next to B. ahead of C. around D. behind
34. A. choice B. path C. position D. business
35. A. competition B. mistake C. experiment D. limit
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文(每空1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exploring nature allows us to catch sight of rare animals and come across special places of beauty. Of course, none of this would be possible ____36____ protected nature areas. This is ____37____ national parks are so important. A few national parks allow things like hotels and recreation areas ____38____ (construct) within them, but most parks do not allow any development at all.
The very first national park ____39____ (be)also one of the most famous in the world—Yellowstone, in the western USA. Nineteenth-century explorers ____40____ (amaze) by what they saw in Yellowstone. Apart from the beautiful mountains, ____41____ (rush) rivers, and tall waterfalls, there were geysers, which sent boiling water as high as 91 meters into the air. Then there were the hot springs, as colourful as rainbows. These explorers wanted to protect the natural ____42____ (feature) of the area from development so that future generations could enjoy the area. And so, in 1872, Yellowstone was established as ____43____ national park. Today, around four million people a year visit it. Many come hoping to see wildlife, ____44____ is no longer as common in the American West as it once was. Everyone comes to see the geysers, _____45_____(especial) Old Faithful, which sits near the centre of the park, and sends 95. 6 ℃ water up to 56 metres into the air every 44 to 125 minutes.
第四部分 写作
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下周六邀请英国语言学专家George开展一场关于身势语的云讲座(cloud lecture)。请你以学生会的名义写一则通知，发布到你校英文网站上。内容包括：
1. 讲座主题、时间及参加方式；
2. 欢迎同学们踊跃参加。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim stared at the ground and sighed in disappointment. Players from the opposing team raced past Jim, celebrating their shocking victory. They’d scored the game-winning goal just seconds before the end of the game.
“Just one word to describe a loss like that,” Jim mumbled to his teammate Devin.
“Terrible!” Devin sighed. “It was a tough one.” He trotted (小步快跑) toward the middle of the field to shake hands with the winning team. Jim walked slowly behind Devin. He unhappily slapped hands with the winners then stopped to shut his eyes as the autumn air cooled his sweaty face.
“Terrible,” he repeated to himself as he sat on the bench and pulled his jacket on. “Let’s get some hot chocolate and watch the next game,” Devin said. There were eight teams in the YMCA league, so games would go on all morning. “Sorry. I’m heading home,” Jim said, “I’ve had enough soccer for today.”
As he reached the gate, Jim glanced back to see the next two teams take the field. They were jumping and shouting, excited to play. “That was us a little while ago, before we were discouraged.” Jim thought.
So why we lost the game at last Jim asked himself. How did such a well-played game end up with such a terrible result It was still clear in his head: Jim had the ball deep on the Jets’ side of the field, looking for Devin or another teammate to pass to. His team had outplayed the Jets for most of the game, but failed within the last seconds.
Jim let out a deep breath. The morning was growing warmer. Perfect for soccer. Jim looked back toward the field. He couldn’t see it, but he could hear the excited voices as the game continued.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With a car’s horn beeping, Jim’s friends Tara and Bryan jumped out of the car.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There came the turn for Tara and Bryan’s team to play the game.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________龙岭学校2023-2024学年第一学期第三次月考
高二级英语卷
考试时间：120分钟 考试满分：120分
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考号填写在答题卡规定的位置。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3. 非选择题必须用0. 5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液，胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World
Place des Fetes — New York City
This famous wine bar provides a spot with a rare sweet and warm atmosphere. For date night, go to the bar with views of the open kitchen, or fill up the large table in the back with a group and taste the entire item menu. Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup.
Le Doyenne — Saint — Vrain, France
Australian chefs James Henry and Shaun Kelly transformed the former stables (马厩) of a 19th-century private estate into a working farm, restaurant, and guesthouse driven by the principles of regenerative agriculture. More than one hundred varieties of fruits, vegetables, and herbs make their way into Henry’s cooking after being carefully nurtured by Kelly.
Mi Compa Chava — Mexico City
Almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s. On the sidewalk, crowds of locals and tourists alike line up for fisherman Salvador Orozco’s creative takes on Sinaloa and Baja seafood. Anything from the raw half of the menu is a sure bet, though cooked dishes like fish can help fill out a meal.
Vilas — Bangkok
Can a dish inspired by a Spanish recipe using Japanese ingredients (原料) still be considered Thai For Chef Prin Polsuk, one of Bangkok’s most famous Thai chefs, it most certainly can. At his latest restaurant, a small dining room at the base of Bangkok’s hulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and landmark King Power Mahanakhon Tower, he draws inspiration from King Chulalongkorn’s 1897 journey around Europe and the foreign ingredients and cooking techniques he added to the royal cookbooks.
1. What can you do in Place des Fetes — New York City
A. Drink the red wine. B. Taste the mushroom soup.
C. Watch the musicals. D. Enjoy the beautiful views.
2. Which restaurant best suits people who suffer from alcohol
A. Place des Fetes. B. Le Doyenne.
C. Mi Compa Chava. D. Vilas.
3. What’s the purpose of the text
A. To introduce the features of some restaurants.
B. To compare the origins of some restaurants.
C. To state the similarities of some restaurants.
D. To recommend some foods of some restaurants.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几家热门新餐厅的特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Place des Fetes—New York City标题下最后一句“Either way, do not miss the famous mushroom soup.(不管怎样，千万不要错过著名的蘑菇汤。)”可知，在纽约市节日广场可以品尝蘑菇汤。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Mi Compa Chava —Mexico City标题下第一句“Almost everyone eating here is devoted to fixing last night’s damage from drunkenness and getting a head start on creating today’s.(几乎每个在这里吃饭的人都致力于修复昨晚醉酒造成的损害，并为今天的创造做准备。)”可知，Mi Compa Chava最适合酗酒的人。故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据标题“2023 Hot List: The Best New Restaurants in the World (2023热门榜单：世界上最好的新餐厅)”可知，这篇文章是为了介绍几家热门新餐厅的特色。故选A。
B
Math had never been something I was good at since middle school. Classes became harder in high school, and I was even further from a math teacher’s dream student. So at the start of my freshman year, I had an aversion to math. It wasn’t that I didn’t want to do well, but simply that I didn’t think I was able to do well. “I can’t” became my state of mind in all things related (有关的) to math.
However, I was soon to learn that “I can’t” was not a choice in Mr. A’s class.
Mr. A always greeted (迎接) us with open arms as he said, “Welcome! Smile! It’s a great day to be alive!” It was clear that Mr. A had a true passion (热情) not only for math but for teaching. If Mr. A ever experienced bad days in life, he never showed it. Mr. A greeted us with that same smile every day. He encouraged each student, from the top achiever to the “I can’t” student.
I found myself looking forward to math class, although I still hated the subject itself. Being in Mr. A’s presence made me feel good, as if I had the chance to succeed. As the year progressed, I spent increasingly more time on my homework, and I met with Mr. A weekly. My classmates began to do the same, and it became “cool” to have lunch and talk with Mr. A. We didn’t know it at the time, but he was changing our attitudes (态度).
Though my story is not one of overnight success and I didn’t become a straight-A math student, my hard work did begin to pay off and my grades slowly began to climb. There were hard times, of course. Difficult math questions sometimes succeeded in bringing me down, but Mr. A kept reminding (提醒) me, “Kate, smile! It’s a great day to be alive!”
4. What does the underlined word “aversion” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Interest. B. Responsibility. C. Dislike. D. Misunderstanding.
5. What first made the author look forward to math class
A. Mr. A’s attitude.
B. Her interest in math.
C. Her friends’ encouragement.
D. The top achievers in her class.
6. How did the author feel about her talk over lunch with Mr. A
A. It was straight.
B. It was awkward.
C. It was challenging.
D. It was impressive.
7. How did the author change in math
A. She made slow progress.
B. She fell in love with math.
C. She became a straight-A math student.
D. She became comfortable with difficult math questions.
【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者不擅长并且讨厌数学，但大一时的A老师让作者改变了态度，于是数学成绩开始慢慢上升的故事。
【4题详解】
词义猜测题。根据上文“Math had never been something I was good at since middle school. Classes became harder in high school, and I was even further from a math teacher’s dream student.(从中学起我就不擅长数学。高中的时候，上课变得越来越难了，我离数学老师的梦想学生更远了。)”可知，从中学到高中，作者越来越学不会数学。画线词所在句中的“So”表明上下文为因果关系，作者学不好数学，所以“不喜欢”数学。划线词aversion与dislike意思相近，意为“不喜欢，厌恶”。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was clear that Mr. A had a true passion(热情) not only for math but for teaching.(很明显，A老师不仅对数学有着真正的热情，而且对教学也有着真诚的热情。)”和“Mr. A greeted us with that same smile every day. He encouraged each student, from the top achiever to the ‘I can’t’ student.(他鼓励每一个学生，从最优秀的学生到‘我不能’的学生。)”可推知，A老师对数学科目和教学的热情以及对学生的鼓励让作者期待上数学课，即A老师对数学和学生的积极态度促使作者期待数学课。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“My classmates began to do the same, and it became ‘cool’ to have lunch and talk with Mr. A.(我的同学们也开始这样做，和A老师一起吃午饭和聊天变得很‘酷’。)”可知，作者认为和A老师边吃午饭边聊天很酷，这说明作者对此感到印象深刻。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Though my story is not one of overnight success and I didn’t become a straight-A math student, my hard work did begin to pay off and my grades slowly began to climb.(虽然我的故事不是一鸣惊人的那种故事，我也没有成为一名数学全优的学生，但我的努力确实开始有了回报，我的成绩也开始慢慢攀升。)”可知，作者的数学慢慢进步了。故选A。
C
Not sleeping enough or getting a bad night’s sleep over and over makes it hard to control your appetite. And that sets you up for all sorts of health problems, including obesity (肥胖) , heart disease and high blood pressure.
The link between poor sleep and a greater body mass index(BMI) has been shown in study after study, but researchers typically relied on the memories of the participants to record how well they slept.
Sleep apps on fitness trackers, smartphones and watches have changed all that. In a new study researchers tracked sleep quality for 120,000 people for up to two years.
The results showed sleep durations (持续时间) and patterns are highly variable between people. Despite that, the study found people with BMIs of 30 or above — which is considered obese by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention－had slightly shorter sleep durations and more variable sleep patterns.
It didn’t take much less sleep to see the effect. People with BMIs over 30 only slept about 15 minutes less than those less weighty people.
There were some limitations to the study, naps(午睡) were not included, other health conditions could not be factored in, and people who use wearable tracking devices are typically younger, healthier and from a higher economic status than those who do not wear trackers.
“These are quite pricey devices, and they are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The results would need to be validated (确认) by the appropriate FDA-approved devices, and because the study is likely on younger people who are more economically well off, it needs further study whether that really applies to older folks with poor sleep.” said Dasgupta, the associate program director.
However, Dasgupta added, a major plus for the study is that it did monitor people for over two years, and the results corroborated previous research and were “not surprising.”
While we cannot determine the direction of association from our study result, these findings provide further support to the idea that sleep patterns are associated with weight management and overall health.
8. How does the new study differ from previous studies
A. It lasts the longest time in history. B. It uses apps to record participants’ sleep.
C. It specially improves participants’ sleep quality. D. It relied on participants’ memory to record data.
9. What is Dasgupta’s attitude toward the new finding
A. Doubtful B. Shocked C. Cautious D. Dissatisfied
10. What does the underlined word “corroborated” probably mean in Paragraph 8
A. limit B. correct C. confirm D. combine
11. What can be the best title for the text
A. Sleep Quality Varies from Person to Person
B. Sleep Apps Are Widely Used to Monitor Sleep
C. Young People Are Paying More Attention to Obesity
D. Lack of Sleep May Be Possibly Connected with Obesity
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新科学研究通过为期两年使用睡眠应用程序对参与者的追踪调查结果表明睡眠不足会导致肥胖。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Sleep apps on fitness trackers, smartphones and watches have changed all that. In a new study researchers tracked sleep quality for 120,000 people for up to two years.(健身追踪器、智能手机和手表上的睡眠应用改变了这一切。在一项新的研究中，研究人员对12万人的睡眠质量进行了长达两年的跟踪调查)”可知，新研究的不同在于研究人员使用睡眠应用程序来进行记录。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段““These are quite pricey devices, and they are not approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The results would need to be validated (确认) by the appropriate FDA-approved devices, and because the study is likely on younger people who are more economically well off, it needs further study whether that really applies to older folks with poor sleep.” said Dasgupta, the associate program director.(“这些都是相当昂贵的设备，而且它们没有得到美国食品和药物管理局的批准。研究结果需要得到FDA批准的适当设备的验证，而且由于这项研究可能是针对经济状况较好的年轻人，因此还需要进一步研究，这是否真的适用于睡眠质量差的老年人。项目副主任达斯古普塔说)”可知，达斯古普塔认为这次研究有一些局限性，因此是否符合老年人的情况还有待进一步观察。由此推知，他的态度是谨慎的。故选C。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“The link between poor sleep and a greater body mass index(BMI) has been shown in study after study, but researchers typically relied on the memories of the participants to record how well they slept.(一项又一项的研究表明，睡眠质量差和身体质量指数(BMI)较高之间存在联系，但研究人员通常依靠参与者的记忆来记录他们的睡眠质量)”可知，以前的研究已经证明了睡眠不足和体重之间存在着联系，再根据划线词后文“previous research and were “not surprising.””推断这次的研究结果和之前的研究结果是一致的，进一步证实了以前的研究结果。故划线词意思是“证实”。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The results showed sleep durations (持续时间) and patterns are highly variable between people. Despite that, the study found people with BMIs of 30 or above — which is considered obese by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention－had slightly shorter sleep durations and more variable sleep patterns.(结果显示，人与人之间的睡眠持续时间和模式差异很大。尽管如此，研究发现，BMI指数在30或以上的人——美国疾病控制与预防中心认为这是肥胖——睡眠时间略短，睡眠模式更多变)”和最后一段“While we cannot determine the direction of association from our study result, these findings provide further support to the idea that sleep patterns are associated with weight management and overall health.(虽然我们不能从我们的研究结果中确定关联的方向，但这些发现为睡眠模式与体重管理和整体健康相关的观点提供了进一步的支持)”可知，文章主要介绍新的研究再一次证实睡眠问题和肥胖以及其他疾病有关。故D项“睡眠不足可能与肥胖有关”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles. They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.
The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.
Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.
“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.
Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability (责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.
An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.
But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars,” Merat says. “You know — no driver.”
Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation.
Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.
That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.
12. What does the phrase “death valley” in paragraph 2 refer to
A A place where cars often break down. B. A case where passing a law is impossible.
C. An area where no driving is permitted. D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.
13. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to .
A. stop people from breaking traffic rules B. help promote fully automatic driving
C. protect drivers of all ages and races D. prevent serious property damage
14. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in .
A. Singapore B. the UK C. the US D. Germany
15. What could be the best title for the passage
A. Autonomous driving: Whose liability B. Fully automatic cars: A new breakthrough
C. Autonomous vehicles: Driver removed! D. Driverless cars: Root of road accidents
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了德国交通部部长提议对自主驾驶车辆制定一套规则，能消除人们对于无人驾驶车辆的司机角色定位的困惑，有利于自主驾驶汽车的推广。
【12题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第一段“They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.”（们将定义驾驶员在此类汽车中的角色，并管理此类汽车在可能造成人员伤亡的撞车事故中的表现。）根据第二段中的“the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.(半自动驾驶和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带可能会推迟无人驾驶的未来)”可知，death valley指的就是半自主驾驶和完全无人驾驶汽车之间的灰色地带，即，司机角色不清楚的情形。故选D项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段““The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.(“道路交通法的修改将允许全自动驾驶，”Dobrindt说。他说，这将使完全无人驾驶汽车在法律上与人类司机处于平等地位)”可以推测，Dobrindt提出此建议的目的就是推广全自动驾驶。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.(然而，在美国，这种做法将受到不利影响。“政府接管无人驾驶汽车并将其视为公共产品的想法在这里绝对行不通，”卡洛说)”可知，无人驾驶汽车作为公共交通方式在美国反响却很差，即在美国，无人驾驶汽车在公共运输领域看不到光明的前景。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles. They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost.(本月，德国交通部长亚历山大·多布林特(Alexander Dobrindt)提出了第一套针对自动驾驶汽车的规定。它们将定义驾驶员在此类汽车中的角色，并管理此类汽车在可能造成人员伤亡的撞车事故中的表现)”及下文内容可知，全文围绕自主驾驶车辆的司机的角色认定以及谁该负法律责任的问题展开了讨论。A选项“Autonomous driving: Whose liability (自动驾驶：谁的责任？)”适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。
第二节 ( 共5小题; 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。
How to be Creative
Most of us think that creativity is quality belonging only to artists, writers, or dancers, rather than ourselves. ____16____. The following tips are a great beginning for developing our creativity.
Get out of your comfort zone
We eagerly accept the familiar and fear the unknown. Break out of your usual patterns (模式) and welcome creativity into your life. As stated earlier, the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. ____17____. In fact, our comfort zone is nothing more than a collection of patterns. As we become more efficient at recognizing and using patterns, we rely less on creativity to find new paths. We should force ourselves out of our comfort zone and open up new possibilities.
Try different things
We are used to habits and routines, and creativity hates routines. If you usually drive to work, take the subway for a few days. ____18____. Interrupt your routine, experiment and try something new. New things are often creative, but the same old thing never is.
____19____
Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality. Have you ever seen a new product and realized that you thought of the same thing long ago Yet someone else is making money with “your” idea. ____20____. The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action. Do whatever it takes to bring your ideas to life. If you can put them into practice, you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life.
A. Take action
B. Seek several choices
C. Think from the other person’s point of view
D. If you usually eat in the office, have lunch under a tree
E. So we can create patterns for almost everything we do
F. The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative
G. We all have great ideas sometimes, but only a few people turn their ideas into realities
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何变得有创造力。
【16题详解】
依据上一句“Most of us think that creativity is quality belonging only to artists, writers, or dancers, rather than ourselves. (我们大多数人认为创造力是只属于艺术家、作家或舞蹈家的品质，而不是我们自己。)”可知，很多人认为创造力只属于艺术家、作家或舞蹈家，后面建议我们如何培养创造力，由此可推断出本句是讲每个人都有创造力，F选项“The truth is that we are all born with the ability to be creative (事实上，我们生来就有创造的能力)”说明我们每个人都是有创造力的，因此承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
空前“As stated earlier, the human brain was designed to recognize patterns. (如前所述，人类的大脑是用来识别模式的。)”说明大脑是用来识别模式的，因此空格处应该说我们可以创造模式，E选项“So we can create patterns for almost everything we do (所以我们几乎可以为我们所做的一切创造模式)”说明了我们可以创造模式，其中的patterns和前面的patterns相一致，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
由本段小标题“Try different things (尝试不同的东西)”可知，本段主要讲述的是尝试做一些改变，D项“If you usually eat in the office, have lunch under a tree (如果你通常在办公室吃午饭，那就在树下吃吧)”是一种改变，因此符合本段语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
空处是本段的小标题，由空格下方的“Having a great idea is not enough; you must work to make it a reality. (光有一个好主意是不够的；你必须努力使它成为现实。)”和“If you can put them into practice, you are well on your way to improving your creativity in all areas of your life. (如果你能把它们付诸实践，你就能很好地在生活的各个方面提高你的创造力。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要行动起来，把一些好的想法变成现实，A选项“Take action (采取行动)”说明要采取行动，因此概括本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据下文中的“The difference between a dreamer and a doer is action. (梦想家和实干家的区别在于行动。)”可知，有人只是想一想，而有的人不但想还去做，G选项“We all have great ideas sometimes, but only a few people turn their ideas into realities (我们都有伟大的想法，但只有少数人把他们的想法变成现实)”说明了有的人只是想一想而已，只有少数人会去真正把自己想的事情做出来，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。
二、完形填空(每空1分,共15分)
While I was riding a bike, I noticed a man about half a mile in front of me. He was traveling at a lower speed, so I decided to ____21____ him. I had about a mile to go on the road before turning off.
I started ____22____ faster and faster. And every block, I gradually closed the distance. Finally, I ____23____ him and passed him by. I felt like a ____24____, while he seemed unaware that we were in a ____25____.
After I passed him, I realized that I had been so ____26____ on competing against him that I had ____27____ my turn, had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around.
Isn’t that what ____28____ in life We spend most of our time ____29____ with neighbors, friends and family, trying to _____30_____ them, or trying to outdo them — while there was never a competition in the first place.
We use most of our time and energy competing with others instead of _____31_____ our destination, and we miss out on our own paths to our destinies _____32_____.
Unhealthy competition is a continuous process and a never-ending cycle. No matter what you do, someone will always be _____33_____ you; someone with a better job, a nice car and more money.
Feel grateful for what life has offered you, stay concentrated on your _____34_____ and live a healthy life. There’s no _____35_____ in destiny. Run your own race of life and wish others well!
21. A. remind B. approach C. pass D. follow
22. A. running B. driving C. walking D. cycling
23. A. caught up with B. put up with C. kept up with D. came up with
24. A. judge B. winner C. partner D. bystander
25. A. test B. project C. race D. task
26. A. focused B. dependent C. hard D. impressed
27. A. finished B. missed C. wasted D. made
28. A. remains B. offers C. happens D. works
29. A. celebrating B. communicating C. arguing D. competing
30. A. defeat B. help C. encourage D. please
31. A. choosing B. exploring C. reaching D. understanding
32. A. by chance B. on purpose C. as usual D. as a result
33. A. next to B. ahead of C. around D. behind
34. A. choice B. path C. position D. business
35. A. competition B. mistake C. experiment D. limit
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己路上超车而错过转弯的经历悟出人生道理——命运没有竞争，我们要专注于自己的道路，过上健康的生活。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正在以较低的速度行驶，所以我决定超过他。A. remind提醒；B. approach接近；C. pass超过；D. follow跟踪。根据下文“Finally, I ____3____ him and passed him by.”可知，作者想超过他。pass是原词复现。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始骑自行车越来越快。A. running跑；B. driving驾驶；C. walking走路；D. cycling骑车。根据上文“While I was riding a bike”可知，作者应是骑自行车越来越快。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我追上了他，从他身边经过。A. caught up with赶上；追上；B. put up with容忍；C. kept up with紧跟；跟上；D. came up with想出；提出。根据下文“and passed him by”可知，作者应是先追上，再从他身边经过。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己像个胜利者，而他似乎没有意识到我们正在比赛。A. judge裁判；B. winner获胜者；C. partner合作者；D. bystander旁观者；局外人。根据上文“him and passed him by”可知，作者超过了他，认为自己是胜利者。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. test测试；B. project项目；C. race比赛；D. task任务。根据下文“competing against him”可知，作者认为他们在比赛，然而他却没有意识到。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我一直专注于与他竞争，以至于我错过了转弯，已经过了将近六个街区，不得不调头。A. focused专注的；B. dependent依靠的；C. hard困难的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据下文“had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around”可知，作者如此集中注意力比赛以至于忘了转弯了。下文“stay concentrated on your ____14____”也有暗示，concentrated与focused是同义词复现。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. finished完成；B. missed错过；C. wasted浪费；D. made制作。根据下文“had to turn around”可知，作者错过了转弯，不得不调头。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不就是生活发生吗？A. remains仍然；B. offers提供；C. happens发生；D. works工作。根据下文“or trying to outdo them”可知，和别人比赛的事情也发生在我们生活中。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都在与邻居、朋友和家人竞争，试图击败他们，或者试图超越他们——然而从一开始就没有竞争。A. celebrating庆祝；B. communicating交流；C. arguing争论；D. competing竞争。根据下文“or trying to outdo them”可知，我们在和他们比赛。下文“while there was never a competition”中的competition与compete是同根词。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. defeat战胜；B. help帮助；C. encourage鼓励；D. please取悦。根据下文“trying to outdo them”可知，我们在努力打败或者胜过他们。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们用大部分时间和精力与他人竞争，而不是到达目的地，因此我们错过了通往自己命运的道路。A. choosing选择；B. exploring探索；C. reaching到达；D. understanding理解。根据下文“miss out on our own paths”可知，作者在与别人比赛中也会忘记到达自己的目的地。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。A. by chance偶然；B. on purpose故意；C. as usual像往常一样；D. as a result结果。根据句意可知，本句是因果关系，我们用大部分时间和精力与他人竞争是原因，错过通往自己命运的道路是结果。故as a result符合语境。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：无论你做什么，总会有人在你前面；一个有更好的工作，一辆好车和更多钱的人。A. next to靠近；B. ahead of在……前面；C. around在……周围；D. behind在……后面。根据下文“someone with a better job, a nice car and more money”可知，有人总会在你前面，比你过得好。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：感激生活给你一切，专注于自己的道路，过上健康的生活。A. choice选择；B. path小路；（人生的）道路；C. position位置；D. business生意。根据上文“I had ____7____ my turn, had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around”可知，作者专注于同他人竞争而没能到达自己的目的地，说明我们应该专注于自己的道路。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：命运没有竞争。A. competition竞争；B. mistake错误；C. experiment试验；D. limit限制。根据下文“Run your own race of life and wish others well!”可知，作者此处想表达命运没有竞争。故选A。
三、用单词的适当形式完成短文(每空1.5分,共15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Exploring nature allows us to catch sight of rare animals and come across special places of beauty. Of course, none of this would be possible ____36____ protected nature areas. This is ____37____ national parks are so important. A few national parks allow things like hotels and recreation areas ____38____ (construct) within them, but most parks do not allow any development at all.
The very first national park ____39____ (be)also one of the most famous in the world—Yellowstone, in the western USA. Nineteenth-century explorers ____40____ (amaze) by what they saw in Yellowstone. Apart from the beautiful mountains, ____41____ (rush) rivers, and tall waterfalls, there were geysers, which sent boiling water as high as 91 meters into the air. Then there were the hot springs, as colourful as rainbows. These explorers wanted to protect the natural ____42____ (feature) of the area from development so that future generations could enjoy the area. And so, in 1872, Yellowstone was established as ____43____ national park. Today, around four million people a year visit it. Many come hoping to see wildlife, ____44____ is no longer as common in the American West as it once was. Everyone comes to see the geysers, _____45_____(especial) Old Faithful, which sits near the centre of the park, and sends 95. 6 ℃ water up to 56 metres into the air every 44 to 125 minutes.
【答案】36. without
37 why 38. to be constructed
39. is 40. were amazed
41. rushing
42. features
43. a 44. which
45. especially
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了国家公园的重要性。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：当然，如果没有自然保护区，这一切都不可能实现。结合句意此处为含蓄虚拟语气，表示“没有”，用介词without。故填without。
【37题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：这就是为什么国家公园如此重要。This is why…这就是为什么……。本句为表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，且强调结果，所以用连接副词why引导。故填why。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一些国家公园允许在公园内建设酒店和休闲区，但大多数公园根本不允许任何开发。allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。句中宾语things like hotels and recreation areas与construct之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式作宾语补足语。故填to be constructed。
【39题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：第一个国家公园也是世界上最著名的国家公园之一——美国西部的黄石公园。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填is。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：19世纪的探险家对他们在黄石公园的所见所闻感到惊讶。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。主语explorers与amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were amazed。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：除了美丽的山脉、湍急的河流和高大的瀑布，还有间歇泉，可以把沸腾的水送到高达91米的空中。名词rivers前用形容词修饰，修饰物，用现在分词。故填rushing。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：这些探险家想保护这一地区的自然容貌不受开发，以便子孙后代可以享受这一地区。形容词natural后接名词形式。feature作为“容貌”之意时常用复数形式。故填features。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：因此，在1872年，黄石公园被建立为国家公园。名词park为可数名词，此处为泛指，且national发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
【44题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：许多人来这里是希望看到野生动物，因为野生动物在美国西部已经不像以前那么常见了。句中先行词为wildlife，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：每个人都来这里看间歇泉，尤其是老忠实喷泉，它位于公园中心附近。每44至125分钟向空气中注入高达56米的96℃水。句中用副词形式作评注性状语。故填especially。
第四部分 写作
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下周六邀请英国语言学专家George开展一场关于身势语的云讲座(cloud lecture)。请你以学生会的名义写一则通知，发布到你校英文网站上。内容包括：
1. 讲座主题、时间及参加方式；
2. 欢迎同学们踊跃参加。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Notice
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student Union
【答案】 NOTICE
Aiming to expose students to body language in different cultures, we are going to invite George, an English language professional, to give us a cloud lecture on the topic of body language.
The lecture will take place from 3 pm to 5 pm next Saturday. You can attend the lecture by visiting www.. Body language varies from culture to culture. George will share his extensive experience and expertise of body language with us to enhance our understanding of others and improve our interpersonal relationships. We encourage all students to participate in this unique opportunity to learn from one of the leading experts in the field. Please log in on time for the lecture.
All students are welcome to take part in the activity. Thank you for your attention. We look forward to seeing you at the lecture.
The Student Union
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将于下周六邀请英国语言学专家George开展一场关于身势语的云讲座(cloud lecture)。请你以学生会的名义写一则通知，发布到你校英文网站上。内容包括：1.讲座主题、时间及参加方式2. 欢迎同学们踊跃参加。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举办：take place→hold
参加：attend→go in for
登录：log in→register
机会：opportunity →chance
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：George will share his extensive experience and expertise of body language with us to enhance our understanding of others and improve our interpersonal relationships.
拓展句：George will share his extensive experience and expertise of body language with us, which will enhance our understanding of others and improve our interpersonal relationships.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Aiming to expose students to body language in different cultures, we are going to invite George, an English language professional, to give us a cloud lecture on the topic of body language.(运用了现在分词及动词不定式作状语)
[高分句型2] We look forward to seeing you at the lecture.(运用了动名词作宾语)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim stared at the ground and sighed in disappointment. Players from the opposing team raced past Jim, celebrating their shocking victory. They’d scored the game-winning goal just seconds before the end of the game.
“Just one word to describe a loss like that,” Jim mumbled to his teammate Devin.
“Terrible!” Devin sighed. “It was a tough one.” He trotted (小步快跑) toward the middle of the field to shake hands with the winning team. Jim walked slowly behind Devin. He unhappily slapped hands with the winners, then stopped to shut his eyes as the autumn air cooled his sweaty face.
“Terrible,” he repeated to himself as he sat on the bench and pulled his jacket on. “Let’s get some hot chocolate and watch the next game,” Devin said. There were eight teams in the YMCA league, so games would go on all morning. “Sorry. I’m heading home,” Jim said, “I’ve had enough soccer for today.”
As he reached the gate, Jim glanced back to see the next two teams take the field. They were jumping and shouting, excited to play. “That was us a little while ago, before we were discouraged.” Jim thought.
So why we lost the game at last Jim asked himself. How did such a well-played game end up with such a terrible result It was still clear in his head: Jim had the ball deep on the Jets’ side of the field, looking for Devin or another teammate to pass to. His team had outplayed the Jets for most of the game, but failed within the last seconds.
Jim let out a deep breath. The morning was growing warmer. Perfect for soccer. Jim looked back toward the field. He couldn’t see it, but he could hear the excited voices as the game continued.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With a car’s horn beeping, Jim’s friends Tara and Bryan jumped out of the car.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
There came the turn for Tara and Bryan’s team to play the game.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
With a car’s horn beeping, Jim’s friends Tara and Bryan jumped out of the car. “How did you do ” Tara asked eagerly. “Terrible!” Jim replied in a down tone, still trying to figure out how the opposing team scored the game — winning goal just seconds before the end of the game. Bryan patted Jim’s shoulder asking, “Is winning the game the only reason why you play soccer and what really matters when playing a game ” Hearing this, Jim didn’t want to go home but decided to follow his friends and watch their game.
There came the turn for Tara and Bryan’s team to play the game. Jim watched with full attention as Tara’s team played fiercely against their opposing team. What impressed him most was that all the players in Tara’s team cooperated perfectly with unwavering resolve on their faces. Even when they were in a tie with the opponent, they stayed positive and confident. It dawned on Jim that success doesn’t always depend on the end result, but rather on how we face adversity and grow from it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了Jim所在的足球队在比赛中不幸落败，他非常沮丧，觉得很失败。队友Devin邀请他留下来一起看下一场足球比赛，Jim心情低落，于是拒绝了。在离开球场的过程中，Jim一直在思考为什么会输掉比赛，回想当时球场上的情况。回头看球场的时候，他无法看到现在场上的情况，只能听到兴奋的声音。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“汽车喇叭声一响，Jim的朋友Tara和Bryan从车里跳了出来”可知，第一段可描写两人和Jim交流之前比赛的情况，以及让Jim留下来继续看比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“轮到Tara和Bryan的队伍上场了”可知，第二段可描写Jim看到的Tara和Bryan的队伍在比赛中的精彩表现，以及Jim领悟到的关于成功和失败的道理。
2. 续写线索：Tara和Bryan出现——三人交流比赛情况——Jim决定留下看比赛——Tara和Bryan的队伍上场——Jim看比赛——Jim领悟
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①回复：reply/respond/answer
②弄清楚：figure out/work out/find out
③重要：matter/count/weigh
④合作：cooperate/work jointly/collaborate
⑤取决于：depend on/be determined by/be dependent on
情绪类
①急切地：eagerly/anxiously
②低落的：down/discouraged/downhearted
【点睛】[高分句型1] Is winning the game the only reason why you play soccer and what really matters when playing a game (动名词短语winning…作主语、why引导限制性定语从句、what引导表语从句)
[高分句型2] What impressed him most was that all the players in Tara’s team cooperated perfectly with unwavering resolve on their faces. (what引导主语从句、that引导表语从句)
