2023—2024学年度第一学期期末模拟试题
高一英语试卷
总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应项目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1. What is the weather like now
A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
2. Why does the man prefer tea
A. He likes making tea.
B. It helps clear his mind.
C. It’s traditional.
3. When will the meeting end
A. At 10:00 am. B. At 3:00 pm. C. At 4:30 pm.
4. How did the woman feel about the man’s show
A. Nothing special. B. Very good. C. Pretty bad.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At home. B. In the hotel. C. At the airport.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man learn from the woman
A. The woman had an amazing journey.
B He won’t return books in time.
C. The library is closed today.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Work on a project. B. Take a trip. C. Have dinner.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8. What’s wrong with the man
A. He has a cold.
B. His stomach hurts.
C. He has a headache.
9. What did the man do at the fair
A. He ate unhealthy food.
B. He ate cold food.
C. He picked up his mother.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Boss and worker.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man doing
A. Asking for information.
B. Offering suggestions.
C. Giving directions.
12. What do we know about Jaffa
A. It’s famous for restaurants.
B. It’s relaxing.
C. It’s ancient.
13. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Travel on his own.
B. Book a bike tour.
C. Stay longer.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man probably
A. A writer.
B A radio host.
C. A musician.
15. How did the woman feel after she learned to play the guitar
A. Fantastic.
B. Tired.
C. Disappointed.
16. What makes the man feel the greatest joy
A. Listening to music.
B. Staying with others.
C. Doing exercise.
17. What does the woman say about having fun in the end
A. It is a waste of time.
B. It makes life colorful.
C. It makes us healthier.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18. What bottles do the experts advise to use
A. The metal ones.
B. The plastic ones.
C. The wooden ones.
19. What plays an important role in making the reuse program work
A. The managing system of companies.
B. School education.
C. Customers’ habits.
20. How did Loop improve its system
A. It provided mail service.
B. It worked with stores.
C. It encouraged more customers to join the system.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分42.5分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chinese Language Program for International Students
The non-degree Chinese Language Program of Chongqing University offers Chinese language and culture courses to international students. The program covers levels from beginners to advanced learners. The courses include Comprehensive Chinese, Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing, and Chinese Culture.
Requirements
●Non-Chinese citizens with a valid (有效的) passport, in good physical and mental health.
●High school graduates or above, between the ages of 18 and 55.
Application (申请) Documents
●Personal information page of the passport: The passport shall be valid for at least one year. For applicants who are already in China, a photocopy of Visa or Residence Permit should be provided as well.
●Bank statement: The balance should be no less than 30,000 RMB.
●Physical examination form: The form shall be filled by the doctor in Chinese or English. Examination results shall be uploaded. Please carefully plan your physical examination schedule as the result is valid for only 6 months.
●Study or Work certificate (证明): For applicants who’re now studying or working in a large organization, a Certificate of Enrollment or Employment issued by the organization is required.
Application and Admission Procedures
●Visit our website https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do, and create an account in our online application system. Fill in the application form and upload required supporting documents.
●Pay the application fee online and hand in the application.
Application Deadline
●31st May for autumn intake
●30th November for spring intake
Fees (RMB)
●Application Fee: 400 RMB
●Tuition Fee (学费): 7,000 RMB/Semester; 13,000 RMB/Year
Refer to http://study.cqu./Tuition_and_Accommodation_Fees.htm for more information.
Contact information
For more information, please send an email to admissions@cqu..
We also welcome you to visit our website http://study.cqu./.
1. Which of the following is the requirement for applicants
A. They should be healthy in mind and body.
B. They should be at the age of 16 or older.
C. They should be able to speak Chinese well.
D. They should be a high school student.
2. What information do all applicants of the program have to provide
A. Their time in China. B. Their work experience.
C. Their learning ability. D. Their bank statement.
3. Which of the following can you visit to finish the application form
A. https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do
B. http://study.cqu./
C. admissions@cqu.
D. http://study.cqu./Tuition_and_Accommodation_Fees.htm
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了重庆大学为国际学生提供的汉语语言和文化课程学习项目的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Requirements 部分的“Non-Chinese citizens with a valid (有效的) passport, in good physical and mental health.(非中国籍公民，持有效护照，身心健康。)”可知，申请人需要身心都健康。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据 Application Documents部分的 “Bank statement: The balance should be no less than 30,000 RMB. (银行对账单：余额不低于3万元人民币。)”可知，申请人必须提供银行结单。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Application and Admission Procedures部分的“Visit our website https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do, and create an account in our online application system. Fill in the application form and upload required supporting documents.(访问我们的网站https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do，并在我们的在线申请系统中创建一个帐户。填写申请表并上传所需证明文件。)”可知，填申请表需要访问https:// cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do。故选A。
B
Just as certain actors led me to acting, certain cooking show hosts should be responsible for my strong interest in the subject of food. The first is of course Julia Child, the queen of culinary (烹饪的) TV.
Child not only changed what Americans cooked and ate, but also greatly influenced their diet of weekly television viewing. Her show The French Chef, which aired in 1963, was one of the first cooking shows on American television and lasted for 10 years. Watching her expertly cook, often making mistakes along the way, made viewers feel that they too could create such dishes. Her achievements were amazing, from her first work, Mastering the Art of French Cooking, to countless others, as well as season upon season of shows.
Child has always interested me. Watching The French Chef with my mom was a way to spend some time with her because with three kids and a full-time job, she was extremely busy. In fact, we would often watch the show when she was doing housework. My mother admired Child and in turn passed the feeling to me along with an interest in how someone goes about cooking a meal.
Years later, I caught an old episode (集) of the show at my parents’ home and watched it with even more attentiveness than I had when I was young. When Child said in her last episode, “This is Julia Child, bon appétit (祝您好胃口)!” Tears suddenly welled up in my eyes. I realized that I was moved by Child not only because she brought back happy boyhood memories but also because Child herself was so happy to be doing what she was doing.
I saw at that moment the embodiment (典型) of what I and so many of us want to become. To spend your life doing what you love and doing it well.
4. What do we know about Julia Child
A. She took part in many cooking competitions.
B. She pioneered cooking shows in America.
C. She worked as a director for a TV show.
D. She wrote books about American food.
5. Why did the young author watch The French Chef
A. To relax after finishing housework.
B. To enjoy his mother’s company.
C. To learn to cook meals for his mother.
D. To free his mother from looking after kids.
6. What happened to the author when he watched Child’s show years later
A. He was surprised by her words.
B. He felt regret for his boyhood.
C. He understood the meaning of life.
D. He found he had a talent for cooking.
7. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Julia Child’s effects on me. B. Julia Child’s achievements.
C. Julia Child’s wonderful life. D. Julia Child’s amazing show.
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。小时候看Julia Child 的烹饪节目时，作者对如何烹饪美食产生了兴趣；多年后，再看Julia Child 的烹饪节目时，作者明白了人生的意义。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Child not only changed what Americans cooked and ate, but also greatly influenced their diet of weekly television viewing. Her show The French Chef, which aired in 1963, was one of the first cooking shows on American television and lasted for 10 years.(儿童不仅改变了美国人烹饪和饮食的方式，而且极大地影响了他们每周看电视的习惯。她的节目《法国厨师》于1963年播出，是美国电视上最早的烹饪节目之一，持续了10年。)”可知，Julia Child在美国开创了烹饪节目的先河。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Watching The French Chef with my mom was a way to spend some time with her because with three kids and a full-time job, she was extremely busy. (和我妈妈一起看《法国厨师》是一种和她共度时光的方式，因为她有三个孩子和一份全职工作，非常忙。)”可知，作者小时候喜欢看《法国厨师》这个节目是为了享受母亲的陪伴。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中 “I realized that I was moved by Child not only because she brought back happy boyhood memories but also because Child herself was so happy to be doing what she was doing.(我意识到我被孩子感动了，不仅因为她让我想起了快乐的童年，而且因为孩子自己也很高兴能做她正在做的事情。)”及最后一段的内容可知，几年后，当作者再看Julia Child 的节目时，他明白了人生的意义。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，小时候看Julia Child的烹饪节目时，作者对如何烹饪美食产生了兴趣；多年后，再看 Julia Child 的烹饪节目时，作者明白了人生的意义，由此可知，文章主要介绍了 Julia Child对作者的影响。故选A。
C
Those of us who shop online may look over customer reviews to get a better sense of products we can’t judge for ourselves at a physical store. We may check out online recommendations before booking a haircut or visiting a new restaurant. But what happens if some of those reviews can’t be trusted
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recently announced that it was suggesting new measures to crack down on (严厉打击) fake (虚假的) reviews and other practices used to mislead consumers. The commission published a suggested rule that would prohibit companies from writing or selling fake reviews, buying positive reviews, silencing negative reviews and more.
“Our suggested rule on fake reviews shows that we’re using all possible means to attack misleading advertising in the digital age,” Samuel Levine, director of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection, said in a statement.
Research shows most people heavily rely on online reviews, but humans are also bad at telling which consumer reviews hold water and which are nonsense.
That’s potentially worrisome given that nearly one in every three reviews is fake, according to one study.
In arguing for the suggested rule, the FTC cited what action it had taken against companies that controlled reviews of their products.
In 2022, for example, the commission forced the online retailer Fashion Nova, LLC to pay $4.2 million to settle allegations (指控) that it prevented negative reviews from being posted on its website – the first FTC action involving a company’s effort to hide negative reviews. For its part, Fashion Nova said in a statement to The New York Times that the FTC’s allegations were “inaccurate” and that it only settled the charges to avoid “the distraction (分心) and legal fees”.
Comments on the suggested rule have to be received within 60 days of its publication in the Federal Register, after which the FTC will decide whether to issue a revised final version.
8. What is the main purpose of the FTC’s suggested rule
A. To improve the quality of products and services.
B. To ensure true reviews are presented to customers.
C. To ban negative reviews from online platforms.
D. To protect the interests of physical stores.
9. What does the underlined phrase “hold water” in paragraph 4 most probably mean
A. Be trustworthy. B. Be one-sided.
C. Be official. D. Be misleading.
10. Why was Fashion Nova forced to pay $4.2 million in a settlement in 2022
A. To remove negative reviews of its products.
B. To post customer reviews on its website.
C. To resolve its allegations of dishonest advertising.
D. To prevent it from facing further criticism and legal fees.
11. What can be inferred about the suggested rule
A. It is well-received.
B. It is still under review.
C. It has proven to be effective.
D. It has faced disagreement.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国联邦贸易委员会发布了一项建议规则，禁止公司撰写或销售虚假评论、购买正面评论、压制负面评论，并打击虚假评论和其他误导消费者的行为。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recently announced that it was suggesting new measures to crack down on fake reviews and other practices used to mislead consumers. (美国联邦贸易委员会(FTC) 最近宣布，建议采取新措施，打击虚假评论和其他误导消费者的行为。)”可知，联邦贸易委员会建议规则的主要目的是确保向客户提供真实的评论。故选B项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“Research shows most people heavily rely on online reviews, but humans are also bad at telling (研究表明，大多数人严重依赖在线评论，但人类也不善于辨别)”及“which are nonsense (哪些是无稽之谈)”可知，划线处的含义应该与nonsense相反，故A项trustworthy“值得信赖的”与划线词词义相近。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In 2022, for example, the commission forced the online retailer Fashion Nova, LLC to pay $4.2 million to settle allegations (指控) that it prevented negative reviews from being posted on its website – the first FTC action involving a company’s effort to hide negative reviews. (例如，2022年，委员会迫使在线零售商Fashion Nova，LLC支付420万美元，以解决有关其阻止负面评论在其网站上发布的指控，这是联邦贸易委员会首次采取行动，涉及公司试图隐藏负面评论。)”可知，Fashion Nova被迫在2022年支付420万美元，以解决其不诚实广告的指控。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Comments on the suggested rule have to be received within 60 days of its publication in the Federal Register, after which the FTC will decide whether to issue a revised final version.(对建议规则的评论必须在《联邦公报》公布后60天内收到，之后联邦贸易委员会将决定是否发布修订后的最终版本。)”可知，建议的规则仍在审查中。故选B项。
D
Do you experience worse car sickness in electric cars than in petrol cars You’re not alone - and when it comes to self-driving cars, it may be even worse.
Although scientists aren’t exactly sure what causes motion sickness, it has to do with passengers losing the ability to predict future movements. When you read a magazine in a car, your eyes will signal to your brain that the car is not moving. However, your brain will recognize the vibrations (振动) and turns that the car makes. This can confuse the mind and make you start to feel sick.
As for electric cars, one-pedal (单踏板) driving is often linked to feelings of car sickness, according to the US Department of Energy. The one pedal does both the accelerating (加速) and braking (刹 车) - the driver steps on the pedal to increase speed and takes their foot off the pedal to slow down. If you stop accelerating, the one-pedal will automatically slow and stop the car. The deceleration caused by this system is thus more rapid than that of petrol cars, which may lead to motion sickness.
Another technological advance that can also be related to car sickness is the larger and increasing number of screens inside vehicles. These screens overburden users with visual information, which discourages them from looking outside, according to The Conversation. Passengers thereby lose their ability to take in the “correct” visual signals, such as the moving surroundings, which can lead to sickness.
Unfortunately, even when people get used to the movements of electric cars and experience less car sickness, self-driving vehicles might be another challenge for them. According to a 2015 study, as much as 12 percent of the US population may feel carsick while riding in autonomous vehicles.
To ensure the widespread usage of new types of vehicles, car producers are working to solve such problems with better technology. For example, Japanese company Honda is working on reducing the car’s “violent (猛烈的) ”acceleration by making changes to the engine, said Car Magazine.
12. What is the possible cause of passengers experiencing motion sickness
A. Lack of visual signals in the car.
B. Unpredictable movements of the car.
C. Inability to sense vibrations and turns.
D. The brain’s confusion about movements.
13. What makes electric cars more likely to cause car sickness than petrol cars
A. Their unique driving mode.
B. Their slow way of braking.
C. Their violent acceleration.
D. Their constant pedal adjustment.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Potential dangers of placing screens in cars.
B. A technology to reduce car sickness.
C. A design aspect in vehicles that causes car sickness.
D. Passengers’ different responses to car sickness.
15. What is Honda doing to improve its cars
A. Developing a more powerful engine.
B. Reducing their cars’ deceleration time.
C. Making the cars’ acceleration smoother.
D. Adding more automatic adjustment features.
【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了为什么在电动汽车和自动驾驶汽车中会更容易产生晕车，并对相关科学原理、技术方案以及汽车生产商的努力进行了阐述。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“When you read a magazine in a car, your eyes will signal to your brain that the car is not moving. However, your brain will recognize the vibrations (振动) and turns that the car makes. This can confuse the mind and make you start to feel sick.(当你在车里看杂志时，你的眼睛会向你的大脑发出信号，告诉你车没有动。然而，你的大脑会识别出汽车的振动和转动。这会使你的大脑混乱，让你开始感到恶心)”可知，晕车是因为眼睛让大脑认为车是静止的，但同时大脑又能感知到车的移动，即大脑对车运动的感知出现了混乱。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“As for electric cars, one-pedal (单踏板) driving is often linked to feelings of car sickness, according to the US Department of Energy. The one pedal does both the accelerating (加速) and braking (刹 车) - the driver steps on the pedal to increase speed and takes their foot off the pedal to slow down. If you stop accelerating, the one-pedal will automatically slow and stop the car. The deceleration caused by this system is thus more rapid than that of petrol cars, which may lead to motion sickness.(至于电动汽车，据美国能源部称，单踏板驾驶往往与晕车感有关。一个踏板既能加速又能刹车——司机踩上踏板加速，把脚从踏板上移开减速。如果你停止加速，单脚踏板会自动减速并停车。因此，该系统造成的减速比汽油车更快，这可能导致晕动病)”可知，电车由于单踏板的驾驶方式让减速时比油车更急，从而更容易引起晕车。故选A项。
14题详解】
主旨大意。根据第四段“Another technological advance that can also be related to car sickness is the larger and increasing number of screens inside vehicles. These screens overburden users with visual information, which discourages them from looking outside, according to The Conversation. Passengers thereby lose their ability to take in the “correct” visual signals, such as the moving surroundings, which can lead to sickness.(另一项可能与晕车有关的技术进步是车内屏幕越来越大，数量也越来越多。据The Conversation网站报道，这些屏幕给用户带来了过多的视觉信息负担，阻碍了他们向外看。乘客因此失去了接收“正确”视觉信号的能力，比如移动的环境，这可能导致晕车)”可知，本段介绍的是车辆设计方面导致晕车。故选C项。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“For example, Japanese company Honda is working on reducing the car’s “violent (猛烈的) ”acceleration by making changes to the engine, said Car Magazine.(例如，据《汽车杂志》报道，日本本田公司正致力于通过改变发动机来减少汽车的“剧烈加速”)”可知，Honda正在研究通过改进引擎来减少车的猛烈加速，即让车的加速更加平稳。故选C项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Weather Affects Our Mood
The weather supplies many metaphors (隐喻) for our changeable minds. Moods can brighten and darken, futures can be under a cloud, and relationships can be stormy.___16___, but does it also influence our moods
Of the many aspects of weather, sunshine is the most closely tied to mood. Although the link is weaker than many people imagine, sunlight has repeatedly been found to increase positive moods and reduce tiredness.____17____. Happy people tend to be more favorable toward one another, and people are more helpful when the sun is shining. One study even found that diners in Minnesota, US, tipped more generously on sunny days.
____18____. A study showed that university admissions officers stressed the academic qualifications of applicants more on cloudy days, and their non-academic qualities more on sunny ones.
____19____. The more it departs (偏离) from an ideal of around 20C, the more discomfort we feel. One study found that rates of helping others decreased as temperatures dropped below or rose above this value.
Indeed, the effects of weather on mood depend on our behavior and on how we think. ___20___. A study by US psychology researcher Matthew Keller and his colleagues showed that beneficial effects of warm and sunny conditions on mood were only seen in people who had spent more than 30 minutes outdoors that day. Good weather even had negative effects on mood for people confined (限制) indoors, who perhaps looked enviously (嫉妒地) outside at the solar fun they were missing.
A. Similarly, grey weather may encourage serious and calm thinking
B. Aspects of weather beyond heat and sunshine have also been shown to affect mood
C. Weather provides a vivid language for describing our emotional atmosphere
D. Temperature can also affect our mind and behavior
E. But the effects of weather on mood are not entirely biological
F. Anything that changes our moods can affect our behavior
G. Basically, weather will only influence us if we are outdoors experiencing it
【答案】16. C 17. F 18. A 19. D 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了天气对人们情绪的影响。
【16题详解】
根据上文“The weather supplies many metaphors (隐喻) for our changeable minds. Moods can brighten and darken, futures can be under a cloud, and relationships can be stormy.(天气为我们多变的思想提供了许多隐喻。情绪有明有暗，未来可能阴云密布，人际关系也可能风雨飘摇)”举了一些使用描写天气的表达来描述我们情感的例子，C选项“天气为描述我们的情感氛围提供了生动的语言”可概括这一内容，且C选项的主语Weather可与后半句的it构成指代关系，提问天气是否会影响我们的心情，引出下文。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Of the many aspects of weather, sunshine is the most closely tied to mood. Although the link is weaker than many people imagine, sunlight has repeatedly been found to increase positive moods and reduce tiredness.(在天气的诸多方面中，阳光与心情的关系最为密切。尽管这种联系比许多人想象的要弱，但人们一再发现阳光能增加积极情绪，减少疲劳)”提出阳光会让人们心情更好的发现，后文“Happy people tend to be more favorable toward one another, and people are more helpful when the sun is shining. One study even found that diners in Minnesota, US, tipped more generously on sunny days.(快乐的人往往更喜欢彼此，当阳光灿烂的时候，人们更乐于助人。一项研究甚至发现，美国明尼苏达州的食客在晴天给的小费更慷慨)”则举出人们会更友好、更乐于助人，甚至出去吃饭时会给更多的小费，说明天气会影响我们的行为，F选项“任何改变我们情绪的事情都会影响我们的行为”符合语境，故选F。
【18题详解】
根据后文“A study showed that university admissions officers stressed the academic qualifications of applicants more on cloudy days, and their non-academic qualities more on sunny ones.(一项研究表明，大学招生人员在阴天更强调申请者的学历，在晴天更强调他们的非学术素质)”可知，本段提到研究发现，大学的招生官在cloudy days会更客观，更加看重学术成绩，而在阳光明媚的天气会更注重申请者的非学术品质，A选项“同样地，阴沉的天气可能鼓励严肃和冷静的思考”能概括本段的主要意思，且Similarly表明了本段与前段的关系，都在说明天气对人们心情的影响，故选A。
【19题详解】
根据后文“The more it departs (偏离) from an ideal of around 20C, the more discomfort we feel. One study found that rates of helping others decreased as temperatures dropped below or rose above this value.(温度离理想的20摄氏度越远，我们就越感到不舒服。一项研究发现，当气温低于或高于这个数值时，帮助他人的比率就会下降)”本段主要在讲气温对我们的影响，D选项“温度也会影响我们的思想和行为”能够概括本段大意，且D选项主语Temperature可与后句的it构成指代关系，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据后文“A study by US psychology researcher Matthew Keller and his colleagues showed that beneficial effects of warm and sunny conditions on mood were only seen in people who had spent more than 30 minutes outdoors that day. Good weather even had negative effects on mood for people confined (限制) indoors, who perhaps looked enviously (嫉妒地) outside at the solar fun they were missing.(美国心理学研究员马修·凯勒和他的同事进行的一项研究表明，温暖和阳光的环境对情绪的有益影响只出现在那些当天在户外待了30分钟以上的人身上。好天气甚至对被关在室内的人的情绪也有负面影响，他们可能会羡慕地看着窗外错过的阳光)”可知，只有在人们当天在户外待30分钟以上，好天气才会对人们的心情产生积极影响，而好天气甚至会对只能待在室内的人产生消极影响，说明我们只有身处户外，心情才会受到天气的影响，G选项“基本上，只有当我们在户外经历天气时，天气才会影响我们”概括了这个意思。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Cackles was my favorite goose. I was proud of her. Few people I knew had geese. It was____21____in the 80s to have geese, especially where we lived. But we____22____a few on a small piece of land.
I was most ____23____when I had my birthday parties. They were so different from my friends’ ____24____ . On the way home from school, we would collect grass and return to my garden in small groups, ready to ____25____the beautiful birds. The children weren’t as ____26____as their parents. Some had a good____27____ - my uncle once got bitten by our bad-tempered male goose.
I remember being scared of them before I learned to stand my ground. As they____28____me from behind, I would turn and they would stop, as if they had run into a cartoon wall. “You just have to____29____them,” I would tell friends. “Don’t run.” Easier said than done.
One day I came home to find that Cackles was being _____30_____ . She had chased a woman down the road. The woman had been “frightened”. I was_____31_____: “Why did she_____32_____from a goose ”
My dad said Cackles had to_____33_____. I last saw her in my dad’s van (运货车). It was a strange and memorable sight for all the wrong reasons. I was_____34_____.
My dad_____35_____me that she went to a local farm for a happy retirement. I chose to believe him.
21. A. normal B. important C. unusual D. unacceptable
22. A. acquired B. sold C. found D. kept
23. A. nervous B. proud C. worried D. thankful
24. A. choices B. memories C. celebrations D. impressions
25. A. feed B. train C. catch D. study
26. A. surprised B. scared C. excited D. curious
27. A. reason B. purpose C. excuse D. idea
28. A. watched B. called C. attacked D. chased
29. A. face B. comfort C. direct D. greet
30. A. brought back B. left behind C. taken away D. cared for
31. A. afraid B. anxious C. disappointed D. angry
32. A. jump B. run C. hide D. fall
33. A. go B. stay C. wait D. return
34. A. satisfied B. heartbroken C. confused D. touched
35. A. reminded B. advised C. promised D. taught
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候家中养鹅的故事，作者从怕鹅到喜欢鹅。然而作者最喜欢的鹅因为追逐别人而被送走了。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在80年代，有鹅是很不寻常的，尤其是在我们住的地方。A. normal正常的；B. important重要的；C. unusual不同寻常的；D. unacceptable无法接受的。根据上文“Few people I knew had geese.”可推测，在那个年代，有鹅是很不寻常的。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们在一小块土地上养了一些。A. acquired习得；B. sold卖；C. found发现；D. kept饲养、维持。根据上文“Cackles was my favorite goose.”以及全文内容可知，作者家中养了一些鹅。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很自豪的是我有我的生日聚会。A. nervous紧张的；B. proud自豪的；C. worried担忧的；D. thankful感激的。根据“when I had my birthday parties.”可知，作者很自豪的是有自己的生日聚会。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们与我朋友的庆祝活动大不相同。A. choices选择；B. memories记忆；C. celebrations庆祝；D. impressions印象。根据上文的“I was most ____3____when I had my birthday parties.”以及下文内容可知，作者的生日聚会和作者朋友的庆祝活动不一样。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在放学回家的路上，我们会收集草，然后三五成群地回到我的花园，准备喂那些美丽的鹅。A. feed喂养；B. train训练；C. catch抓住；D. study学习。根据上文的“we would collect grass and return to my garden in small groups”可知，作者在回家的路上会收集草，而草则是用来喂养鹅的。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们不像他们的父母那样害怕。A. surprised感到惊讶的；B. scared害怕的；C. excited兴奋的；D. curious好奇的。根据下文的“I remember being scared of them before I learned to stand my ground.”可推测，很多人都是害怕鹅的；而根据上文孩子们喂鹅可知，孩子们并不那么害怕。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人有很好的理由——我叔叔曾经被我们脾气暴躁的公鹅咬过。A. reason理由；B. purpose目的；C. excuse借口；D. idea想法。根据下文“my uncle once got bitten by our bad-tempered male goose”可知，下文讲述的是怕鹅的原因。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当它们从后面追我时，我会转身，它们就会停下来，好像撞到了一堵卡通墙。A. watched看；B. called打电话；C. attacked袭击；D. chased追逐。根据空后的“from behind”故以及下文的“She had chased a woman down the road.”可推测，鹅会从背后追逐人。选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你必须面对它们，”我会对朋友们说。“别跑。”A. face面对；B. comfort安慰；C. direct指导；D. greet迎接。根据上文的“I would turn and they would stop, as if they had run into a cartoon wall.”可知，作者的意思是当鹅从背后追逐的时候，我们应该转过身面对鹅。由此可推断，空处指的是面对鹅。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有一天，我回到家发现Cackles被带走了。A. brought back带回、使想起；B. left behind留下；C. taken away拿走；D. cared for关爱。根据下文的“My dad said Cackles had to____13____. I last saw her in my dad’s van (运货车).”可知，Cackles被带走了。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很生气：“她为什么要从一只鹅面前跑？”A. afraid害怕的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. disappointed失望的；D. angry生气的。根据上文内容可知，作者看到Cackles被带走了，而作者特别喜欢Cackles，所以此时作者应该是感到生气。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很生气：“她为什么要从一只鹅面前跑？”A. jump跳；B. run跑；C. hide躲藏；D. fall倒下。根据上文““You just have to____9____them,” I would tell friends. “Don’t run.””可知，作者认为在遇到鹅的时候，要面对鹅不能跑，由此可知，作者此时发出疑问，为什么这位女士要跑开。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸说Cackles得走了。A. go离开；B. stay保持；C. wait等待；D. return返回。根据下文“I last saw her in my dad’s van (运货车).”可知，作者的爸爸认为得送走Cackles。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心碎了。A. satisfied满意的；B. heartbroken心碎的；C. confused困惑的；D. touched感动的。根据上文“Cackles was my favorite goose. I was proud of her.”可推测，作者最喜欢的鹅要被送走了，此时作者心都碎了。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸向我保证，她会去当地的农场过幸福的退休生活。A. reminded提醒、使想起；B. advised建议；C. promised承诺；D. taught教。根据空后“she went to a local farm for a happy retirement.”可知，这是作者的父亲所做出的承诺。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, the Chinese ____36____ (use) acupuncture (针灸) to ease pain and treat illnesses. Evolving from the discovery ____37____ using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease, acupuncture has become an ____38____ (essence) part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious (和谐的) coexistence of humans with nature. As ____39____ (document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled ____40____ (physic) during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having helped a prince to “wake up” after an accident by using needles on the prince’s head.
According to TCM, there are a dozen meridians (经络) in the human body, ____41____ the qi, or life energy, moves about to help keep the organs healthy. Cold, infections or diseases can result ____42____ the blocking of this energy, so ____43____ (stimulate) the acupoints can unblock the “stuck”qi, restore normal blood flow and improve health.
In 2010, UNESCO ____44____ (include) acupuncture and moxibustion (灸法) of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical— its a medical technique _____45_____ (wide) used and researched today.
【答案】36. have used
37. that 38. essential
39. documented
40. physician
41. where 42. in
43. stimulating
44. included
45. widely
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中医针灸的历史以及原理。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：几千年来，中国人一直用针灸来缓解疼痛和治疗疾病。根据上文“For thousands of years”可知应用现在完成时，主语为Chinese，助动词用have。故填have used。
【37题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：从发现在身体表面的特定点上使用石针可以消除疼痛和疾病，针灸已经成为中医（TCM）的重要组成部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的哲学。引导同位语从句，说明discovery的内容，从句不缺少成分，句意完整，故填that。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：从发现在身体表面的特定点上使用石针可以消除疼痛和疾病，针灸已经成为中医（TCM）的重要组成部分，符合促进人与自然和谐共处的哲学。修饰名词part应用形容词essential，作定语。故填essential。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁的《史记》记载，战国时期(公元前475-221年)的一位医术高超的医生班鹊，曾用针扎在一位王子的头上，帮助他在事故中“苏醒”。此处为省略句，从句省略了主语和be动词，且主语与谓语document构成被动关系，故填过去分词，故填documented。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：据大约2100年前司马迁的《史记》记载，战国时期(公元前475-221年)的一位医术高超的医生班鹊，曾用针扎在一位王子的头上，帮助他在事故中“苏醒”。根据上文定冠词a可知应填单数名词physician。故填physician。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：根据中医的说法，人体有十几条经络，气或生命能量在这些经络中运动，帮助保持器官健康。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词meridians，在从句作地点状语，应用where。故填where。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：感冒、感染或疾病都会导致这种能量的阻塞，所以刺激穴位可以疏通“堵塞”的气，恢复正常的血液流动，改善健康。短语result in表示“导致”。故填in。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：感冒、感染或疾病都会导致这种能量的阻塞，所以刺激穴位可以疏通“堵塞”的气，恢复正常的血液流动，改善健康。作句子的主语，应用动名词形式。故填stimulating。
【44题详解】
考查时态。句意：2010年，中医针灸被联合国教科文组织列入《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。根据上文In 2010可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填included。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，这种做法不仅仅是文化和历史——它是一种今天被广泛使用和研究的医疗技术。修饰use应用副词widely，故填widely。
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的好友Jim在邮件中提到他最近为学习压力大而烦恼。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示理解；
2.推荐一些解压方法。
注意：词数80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hi Jim,
I’m sorry to hear that you’ve been feeling exhausted recently. I totally understand how stressful studies can be, so I want to give you some suggestions to help you relax.
When I’m in a similar situation, I find it helpful to focus on a few key strategies. First, going for a jog can improve your mood and reduce feelings of anxiety. Besides, practicing meditation (冥想) can help to calm your mind.
Just remember, it’s important to discover what works best for you. Don’t hesitate to reach out if you need more support.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，你的好友Jim在邮件中提到他最近为学习压力大而烦恼。请你给他回一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
集中：focus on→concentrate on
建议：suggestion→advice
重要的：important→vital
有用的：helpful→useful
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I totally understand how stressful studies can be, so I want to give you some suggestions to help you relax.
拓展句：Understanding how stressful studies can be, I want to give you some suggestions to help you relax.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Just remember, it’s important to discover what works best for you. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Don’t hesitate to reach out if you need more support. (运用了if引导条件状语从句)
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was nothing I wanted more than a trophy (奖杯). I was twelve, and the hope of placing a trophy on my dresser woke me up in the middle of the night.
All of my friends had trophies. Any of those would have excited me.
However, the problem for me was that I had no skills or gifts that would enable me to get a trophy.
My elder brother, Alan, had shelves of trophies, and most of them came from horse races. Before Dad died, he had bought each of us a horse. I named my horse Colonel. Alan’s was named Otis. When Alan kicked Otis’sides, he would run. Colonel always wanted to follow, and I could feel him speeding up, but I was afraid of falling, so I would pull on the ropes and we would fall behind.
After my father died, my mother seldom went to the stables (马厩) where we boarded the horses. Mostly she stayed in her room. Alan cooked our meals and paid our bills with money he made by waiting tables. This was also the year when I started smoking, cutting class, and hanging out with kids who, like me, had no trophies and couldn’t care less.
When the worst of my report cards arrived, Alan angrily asked, “What do you think you’re doing Who do you think you’re fooling ” I answered, “I truly don’t know.” I just felt life was meaningless, dull and aimless.
Alan started picking me up from school. He didn’t allow me to stay with bad kids, and we drove to the stables to ride until night fell. Through all of this, I still loved riding and still found comfort in being around Colonel, but I hated being made to ride.
After a week of being forced to spend my afternoons with him, I was angry. Alan just said, “I entered you in the horse race. It’s in two weeks.” I was surprised and excited, but I didn’t let on. I just asked angrily, “Why ”
“You still want a trophy, right ” he said.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I nodded and said, “Sure. But I’m unable to make it.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Finally, Colonel and I crossed the finish line in third place.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 I nodded and said, “Sure. But I’m unable to make it.” Alan looked at me and said he would help me. From that day on, Alan continued picking me up from school, and we drove to the stables to ride. I distanced myself from the bad kids, and I thought of strategies for running races faster. Through hard work, Colonel and I had lit upon a new rhythm and we rode hard and fast, the way I’d always watched Alan ride. Finally, the big day came. At first, I made mistake after mistake, but gradually my horse ran faster and faster.
Finally, Colonel and I crossed the finish line in third place. Alan and my mother clapped happily. Soon came the moment of the awards ceremony. When the judge handed the trophy to me, I shed tears with excitement, and Alan gave me a thumbs-up. Back home, I placed the trophy on my dresser. In the following years, I got different trophies. It was my brother who taught me how to ride and how to live. Thanks to him, I became a better person.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者渴望得到奖杯，但因没有特长而无缘获得，作者开始堕落，他的哥哥Alan向他伸出援手，接他上下学，给他报名赛马比赛，让他重燃获得奖杯的希望。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我点点头说：“当然。但我做不到。””可知，第一段可描写作者在哥哥的帮助下练习骑马，取得很大的进步，然后去参加比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，Colonel和我以第三名的成绩冲过终点线”可知，第二段可描写作者获得了胜利的场景以及对哥哥的感谢。
2. 续写线索：渴望奖杯——生活堕落——哥哥帮忙——练习骑马——获得奖杯——表达感激
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①鼓掌：clap/ applaud
②放：place/ lay
③传递：hand/ pass on
情绪类
①高兴地：happily/ delightedly
②兴奋；激动：excitement/ thrill
【点睛】【高分句型1】Soon came the moment of the awards ceremony. (运用了完全倒装句)
【高分句型2】It was my brother who taught me how to ride and how to live. (运用了强调句式)
听力答案：1-5 AACBC 6-10 CCBAB 11-15 ACBBA 16-20 BCACB2023—2024学年度第一学期期末模拟试题
高一英语试卷
总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应项目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
1. What is the weather like now
A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy.
2 Why does the man prefer tea
A. He likes making tea.
B. It helps clear his mind.
C. It’s traditional.
3. When will the meeting end
A At 10:00 am. B. At 3:00 pm. C. At 4:30 pm.
4. How did the woman feel about the man’s show
A. Nothing special. B. Very good. C. Pretty bad.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At home. B. In the hotel. C. At the airport.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6. What does the man learn from the woman
A. The woman had an amazing journey.
B. He won’t return books in time.
C. The library is closed today.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Work on a project. B. Take a trip. C. Have dinner.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8. What’s wrong with the man
A. He has a cold.
B. His stomach hurts.
C. He has a headache.
9. What did the man do at the fair
A. He ate unhealthy food.
B. He ate cold food.
C. He picked up his mother.
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Teacher and student.
C. Boss and worker.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man doing
A. Asking for information.
B. Offering suggestions.
C. Giving directions.
12. What do we know about Jaffa
A. It’s famous for restaurants.
B. It’s relaxing.
C. It’s ancient.
13. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Travel on his own.
B Book a bike tour.
C. Stay longer.
听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。
14. What is the man probably
A. A writer.
B. A radio host.
C. A musician.
15. How did the woman feel after she learned to play the guitar
A. Fantastic.
B. Tired.
C. Disappointed.
16. What makes the man feel the greatest joy
A. Listening to music.
B. Staying with others.
C Doing exercise.
17. What does the woman say about having fun in the end
A. It is a waste of time.
B. It makes life colorful.
C. It makes us healthier.
听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。
18. What bottles do the experts advise to use
A. The metal ones.
B. The plastic ones.
C. The wooden ones.
19. What plays an important role in making the reuse program work
A. The managing system of companies.
B. School education.
C. Customers’ habits.
20. How did Loop improve its system
A. It provided mail service.
B. It worked with stores.
C. It encouraged more customers to join the system.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分42.5分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Chinese Language Program for International Students
The non-degree Chinese Language Program of Chongqing University offers Chinese language and culture courses to international students. The program covers levels from beginners to advanced learners. The courses include Comprehensive Chinese, Speaking, Listening, Reading, Writing, and Chinese Culture.
Requirements
●Non-Chinese citizens with a valid (有效的) passport, in good physical and mental health.
●High school graduates or above, between the ages of 18 and 55.
Application (申请) Documents
●Personal information page of the passport: The passport shall be valid for at least one year. For applicants who are already in China, a photocopy of Visa or Residence Permit should be provided as well.
●Bank statement: The balance should be no less than 30,000 RMB.
●Physical examination form: The form shall be filled by the doctor in Chinese or English. Examination results shall be uploaded. Please carefully plan your physical examination schedule as the result is valid for only 6 months.
●Study or Work certificate (证明): For applicants who’re now studying or working in a large organization, a Certificate of Enrollment or Employment issued by the organization is required.
Application and Admission Procedures
●Visit our website https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do, and create an account in our online application system. Fill in the application form and upload required supporting documents.
●Pay the application fee online and hand in the application.
Application Deadline
●31st May for autumn intake
●30th November for spring intake
Fees (RMB)
●Application Fee: 400 RMB
●Tuition Fee (学费): 7,000 RMB/Semester; 13,000 RMB/Year
Refer to http://study.cqu./Tuition_and_Accommodation_Fees.htm for more information.
Contact information
For more information, please send an email to admissions@cqu..
We also welcome you to visit our website http://study.cqu./.
1. Which of the following is the requirement for applicants
A. They should be healthy in mind and body.
B. They should be at the age of 16 or older.
C. They should be able to speak Chinese well.
D. They should be a high school student.
2. What information do all applicants of the program have to provide
A. Their time in China. B. Their work experience.
C. Their learning ability. D. Their bank statement.
3. Which of the following can you visit to finish the application form
A. https://cqu.17gz.org/member/login.do
B. http://study.cqu./
C. admissions@cqu.
D. http://study.cqu./Tuition_and_Accommodation_Fees.htm
B
Just as certain actors led me to acting, certain cooking show hosts should be responsible for my strong interest in the subject of food. The first is of course Julia Child, the queen of culinary (烹饪的) TV.
Child not only changed what Americans cooked and ate, but also greatly influenced their diet of weekly television viewing. Her show The French Chef, which aired in 1963, was one of the first cooking shows on American television and lasted for 10 years. Watching her expertly cook, often making mistakes along the way, made viewers feel that they too could create such dishes. Her achievements were amazing, from her first work, Mastering the Art of French Cooking, to countless others, as well as season upon season of shows.
Child has always interested me. Watching The French Chef with my mom was a way to spend some time with her because with three kids and a full-time job, she was extremely busy. In fact, we would often watch the show when she was doing housework. My mother admired Child and in turn passed the feeling to me along with an interest in how someone goes about cooking a meal.
Years later, I caught an old episode (集) of the show at my parents’ home and watched it with even more attentiveness than I had when I was young. When Child said in her last episode, “This is Julia Child, bon appétit (祝您好胃口)!” Tears suddenly welled up in my eyes. I realized that I was moved by Child not only because she brought back happy boyhood memories but also because Child herself was so happy to be doing what she was doing.
I saw at that moment the embodiment (典型) of what I and so many of us want to become. To spend your life doing what you love and doing it well.
4. What do we know about Julia Child
A. She took part in many cooking competitions.
B. She pioneered cooking shows in America.
C. She worked as a director for a TV show.
D. She wrote books about American food.
5. Why did the young author watch The French Chef
A. To relax after finishing housework.
B. To enjoy his mother’s company.
C. To learn to cook meals for his mother.
D. To free his mother from looking after kids.
6. What happened to the author when he watched Child’s show years later
A. He was surprised by her words.
B. He felt regret for his boyhood.
C. He understood the meaning of life.
D. He found he had a talent for cooking.
7. What does the text mainly talk about
A. Julia Child’s effects on me. B. Julia Child’s achievements.
C. Julia Child’s wonderful life. D. Julia Child’s amazing show.
C
Those of us who shop online may look over customer reviews to get a better sense of products we can’t judge for ourselves at a physical store. We may check out online recommendations before booking a haircut or visiting a new restaurant. But what happens if some of those reviews can’t be trusted
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) recently announced that it was suggesting new measures to crack down on (严厉打击) fake (虚假的) reviews and other practices used to mislead consumers. The commission published a suggested rule that would prohibit companies from writing or selling fake reviews, buying positive reviews, silencing negative reviews and more.
“Our suggested rule on fake reviews shows that we’re using all possible means to attack misleading advertising in the digital age,” Samuel Levine, director of the FTC’s Bureau of Consumer Protection, said in a statement.
Research shows most people heavily rely on online reviews, but humans are also bad at telling which consumer reviews hold water and which are nonsense.
That’s potentially worrisome given that nearly one in every three reviews is fake, according to one study.
In arguing for the suggested rule, the FTC cited what action it had taken against companies that controlled reviews of their products.
In 2022, for example, the commission forced the online retailer Fashion Nova, LLC to pay $4.2 million to settle allegations (指控) that it prevented negative reviews from being posted on its website – the first FTC action involving a company’s effort to hide negative reviews. For its part, Fashion Nova said in a statement to The New York Times that the FTC’s allegations were “inaccurate” and that it only settled the charges to avoid “the distraction (分心) and legal fees”.
Comments on the suggested rule have to be received within 60 days of its publication in the Federal Register, after which the FTC will decide whether to issue a revised final version.
8. What is the main purpose of the FTC’s suggested rule
A. To improve the quality of products and services.
B. To ensure true reviews are presented to customers.
C. To ban negative reviews from online platforms.
D. To protect the interests of physical stores.
9. What does the underlined phrase “hold water” in paragraph 4 most probably mean
A. Be trustworthy. B. Be one-sided.
C. Be official. D. Be misleading.
10. Why was Fashion Nova forced to pay $4.2 million in a settlement in 2022
A. To remove negative reviews of its products.
B. To post customer reviews on its website.
C. To resolve its allegations of dishonest advertising.
D. To prevent it from facing further criticism and legal fees.
11. What can be inferred about the suggested rule
A. It is well-received.
B. It is still under review.
C. It has proven to be effective.
D. It has faced disagreement.
D
Do you experience worse car sickness in electric cars than in petrol cars You’re not alone - and when it comes to self-driving cars, it may be even worse.
Although scientists aren’t exactly sure what causes motion sickness, it has to do with passengers losing the ability to predict future movements. When you read a magazine in a car, your eyes will signal to your brain that the car is not moving. However, your brain will recognize the vibrations (振动) and turns that the car makes. This can confuse the mind and make you start to feel sick.
As for electric cars, one-pedal (单踏板) driving is often linked to feelings of car sickness, according to the US Department of Energy. The one pedal does both the accelerating (加速) and braking (刹 车) - the driver steps on the pedal to increase speed and takes their foot off the pedal to slow down. If you stop accelerating, the one-pedal will automatically slow and stop the car. The deceleration caused by this system is thus more rapid than that of petrol cars, which may lead to motion sickness.
Another technological advance that can also be related to car sickness is the larger and increasing number of screens inside vehicles. These screens overburden users with visual information, which discourages them from looking outside, according to The Conversation. Passengers thereby lose their ability to take in the “correct” visual signals, such as the moving surroundings, which can lead to sickness.
Unfortunately, even when people get used to the movements of electric cars and experience less car sickness, self-driving vehicles might be another challenge for them. According to a 2015 study, as much as 12 percent of the US population may feel carsick while riding in autonomous vehicles.
To ensure the widespread usage of new types of vehicles, car producers are working to solve such problems with better technology. For example, Japanese company Honda is working on reducing the car’s “violent (猛烈的) ”acceleration by making changes to the engine, said Car Magazine.
12. What is the possible cause of passengers experiencing motion sickness
A. Lack of visual signals in the car.
B. Unpredictable movements of the car.
C. Inability to sense vibrations and turns.
D. The brain’s confusion about movements.
13. What makes electric cars more likely to cause car sickness than petrol cars
A. Their unique driving mode.
B. Their slow way of braking.
C. Their violent acceleration.
D. Their constant pedal adjustment.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Potential dangers of placing screens in cars.
B. A technology to reduce car sickness.
C. A design aspect in vehicles that causes car sickness.
D. Passengers’ different responses to car sickness.
15. What is Honda doing to improve its cars
A. Developing a more powerful engine.
B. Reducing their cars’ deceleration time.
C. Making the cars’ acceleration smoother.
D. Adding more automatic adjustment features.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Weather Affects Our Mood
The weather supplies many metaphors (隐喻) for our changeable minds. Moods can brighten and darken, futures can be under a cloud, and relationships can be stormy.___16___, but does it also influence our moods
Of the many aspects of weather, sunshine is the most closely tied to mood. Although the link is weaker than many people imagine, sunlight has repeatedly been found to increase positive moods and reduce tiredness.____17____. Happy people tend to be more favorable toward one another, and people are more helpful when the sun is shining. One study even found that diners in Minnesota, US, tipped more generously on sunny days.
____18____. A study showed that university admissions officers stressed the academic qualifications of applicants more on cloudy days and their non-academic qualities more on sunny ones.
____19____. The more it departs (偏离) from an ideal of around 20C, the more discomfort we feel. One study found that rates of helping others decreased as temperatures dropped below or rose above this value.
Indeed, the effects of weather on mood depend on our behavior and on how we think. ___20___. A study by US psychology researcher Matthew Keller and his colleagues showed that beneficial effects of warm and sunny conditions on mood were only seen in people who had spent more than 30 minutes outdoors that day. Good weather even had negative effects on mood for people confined (限制) indoors, who perhaps looked enviously (嫉妒地) outside at the solar fun they were missing.
A. Similarly, grey weather may encourage serious and calm thinking
B. Aspects of weather beyond heat and sunshine have also been shown to affect mood
C. Weather provides a vivid language for describing our emotional atmosphere
D. Temperature can also affect our mind and behavior
E. But the effects of weather on mood are not entirely biological
F. Anything that changes our moods can affect our behavior
G. Basically, weather will only influence us if we are outdoors experiencing it
第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Cackles was my favorite goose. I was proud of her. Few people I knew had geese. It was____21____in the 80s to have geese, especially where we lived. But we____22____a few on a small piece of land.
I was most ____23____when I had my birthday parties. They were so different from my friends’ ____24____ . On the way home from school, we would collect grass and return to my garden in small groups, ready to ____25____the beautiful birds. The children weren’t as ____26____as their parents. Some had a good____27____ - my uncle once got bitten by our bad-tempered male goose.
I remember being scared of them before I learned to stand my ground. As they____28____me from behind, I would turn and they would stop, as if they had run into a cartoon wall. “You just have to____29____them,” I would tell friends. “Don’t run.” Easier said than done.
One day, I came home to find that Cackles was being _____30_____ . She had chased a woman down the road. The woman had been “frightened”. I was_____31_____: “Why did she_____32_____from a goose ”
My dad said Cackles had to_____33_____. I last saw her in my dad’s van (运货车). It was a strange and memorable sight for all the wrong reasons. I was_____34_____.
My dad_____35_____me that she went to a local farm for a happy retirement. I chose to believe him.
21. A. normal B. important C. unusual D. unacceptable
22. A. acquired B. sold C. found D. kept
23. A. nervous B. proud C. worried D. thankful
24. A. choices B. memories C. celebrations D. impressions
25. A. feed B. train C. catch D. study
26. A. surprised B. scared C. excited D. curious
27. A. reason B. purpose C. excuse D. idea
28. A. watched B. called C. attacked D. chased
29. A. face B. comfort C. direct D. greet
30. A. brought back B. left behind C. taken away D. cared for
31. A. afraid B. anxious C. disappointed D. angry
32. A. jump B. run C. hide D. fall
33. A. go B. stay C. wait D. return
34. A. satisfied B. heartbroken C. confused D. touched
35. A. reminded B. advised C. promised D. taught
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For thousands of years, the Chinese ____36____ (use) acupuncture (针灸) to ease pain and treat illnesses. Evolving from the discovery ____37____ using stone needles on specific points on the surface of the body could get rid of pain and disease, acupuncture has become an ____38____ (essence) part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious (和谐的) coexistence of humans with nature. As ____39____ (document) in Records of the Grand Historian by Sima Qian about 2,100 years ago, Bian Que, a highly skilled ____40____ (physic) during the Warring States Period (475-221 BC), was famous for having helped a prince to “wake up” after an accident by using needles on the prince’s head.
According to TCM, there are a dozen meridians (经络) in the human body, ____41____ the qi, or life energy, moves about to help keep the organs healthy. Cold, infections or diseases can result ____42____ the blocking of this energy, so ____43____ (stimulate) the acupoints can unblock the “stuck”qi, restore normal blood flow and improve health.
In 2010, UNESCO ____44____ (include) acupuncture and moxibustion (灸法) of TCM on the Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Yet, the practice is not just cultural and historical— its a medical technique _____45_____ (wide) used and researched today.
第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你的好友Jim在邮件中提到他最近为学习压力大而烦恼。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示理解；
2.推荐一些解压方法。
注意：词数80左右。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was nothing I wanted more than a trophy (奖杯). I was twelve, and the hope of placing a trophy on my dresser woke me up in the middle of the night.
All of my friends had trophies. Any of those would have excited me.
However, the problem for me was that I had no skills or gifts that would enable me to get a trophy.
My elder brother, Alan, had shelves of trophies, and most of them came from horse races. Before Dad died, he had bought each of us a horse. I named my horse Colonel. Alan’s was named Otis. When Alan kicked Otis’sides, he would run. Colonel always wanted to follow, and I could feel him speeding up, but I was afraid of falling, so I would pull on the ropes and we would fall behind.
After my father died, my mother seldom went to the stables (马厩) where we boarded the horses. Mostly she stayed in her room. Alan cooked our meals and paid our bills with money he made by waiting tables. This was also the year when I started smoking, cutting class, and hanging out with kids who, like me, had no trophies and couldn’t care less.
When the worst of my report cards arrived, Alan angrily asked, “What do you think you’re doing Who do you think you’re fooling ” I answered, “I truly don’t know.” I just felt life was meaningless, dull and aimless.
Alan started picking me up from school. He didn’t allow me to stay with bad kids, and we drove to the stables to ride until night fell. Through all of this, I still loved riding and still found comfort in being around Colonel, but I hated being made to ride.
After a week of being forced to spend my afternoons with him, I was angry. Alan just said, “I entered you in the horse race. It’s in two weeks.” I was surprised and excited, but I didn’t let on. I just asked angrily, “Why ”
“You still want a trophy, right ” he said.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I nodded and said, “Sure. But I’m unable to make it.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
Finally, Colonel and I crossed the finish line in third place.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-5 AACBC 6-10 CCBAB 11-15 ACBBA 16-20 BCACB
