重庆缙云教育联盟2023-2024学年（上）期末质量检测
高二英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；
4.全卷共7页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will Lily go to Paris
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
2. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Flight attendant and passenger.
B. Waitress and customer.
C. Receptionist and guest.
3. What is the boy talking about
A. A science class. B. A camping trip. C. A hunting trip.
4. How does the woman deal with difficult lectures
A. By taking notes only. B. By listening carefully. C. By recording them.
5. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a movie theater. B. In a cafe. C. On the beach.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。
6. What does the woman probably do for a living
A. She owns a restaurant. B. She runs a clothing shop. C. She works in a shoe store.
7. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Partners. C. Salesman and customer.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。
8. What does the man offer to do for the woman
A. Stay home with her. B. Make her some food. C. Drive her to a friend’s house.
9. How did the woman probably get sick
A. From John. B. From the man. C. From her colleague.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What does the man say about his recent life
A. Busy. B. Happy. C. Meaningful.
11. How does the man go to work
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By car.
12. What isn’t the woman’s suggestion
A. Eat more food rich in minerals. B. Go to see a doctor. C. Exercise more.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Where are the speakers
A. In Britain. B. In Germany. C. In France.
14. What does the woman do in most working hours
A. She handles daily affairs. B. She deals with e-mails. C. She manages the telephones.
15. When does the woman usually get off work
A. At 5:15 p.m. B. At 4:30 p.m. C. At 4:15 p.m.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The woman is a secretary.
B. There are five people in the company.
C. The woman hates dealing with e-mails.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What was the first magazine called
A. The Tattler. B. The Review. C. The Critics.
18. What was the first magazine mainly focused on
A. News events. B. Philosophical essays. C. Domestic issues.
19. What happened in 1709
A. Daniel Defoe was arrested.
B. The Tattler began publication.
C. The Review was started.
20. What do we know about Daniel Defoe
A. He was the founder of The Review.
B. He visited the King’s castle.
C. He added poetry to The Review.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
1. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”
A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough.
C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath.
2. What can we learn about the two actors
A. They study in the same school. B. They worked together in ”Ragtime“.
C. They are experienced on stage. D. They became friends ten years ago.
3. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers
A. Research funding. B. Training opportunities.
C. Technical support. D. Educational resources.
B
Human responses to moral dilemmas (道德困境) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may undervalue the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot.
Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).
The authors then presented 767 U.S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.
The authors suggest that the possibility for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.
4. What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance
A. changeable. B. valuable. C. creative. D. simple.
5. What is learned about the participants
A. They admitted the power of ChatGPT.
B. They were interviewed by a moral advisor.
C. They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly.
D. They were presented with different moral dilemmas.
6. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Different findings of the study. B. Future possibility for chatbots.
C. Major focuses of future education. D. Solutions to the impact of chatbots.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics.
B. ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life
C. ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous
D. ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments.
C
Some ants have figured out how to avoid getting lost: build taller anthills, according to a recent study.
Desert ants living in the hot, flat salt pans of Tunisia spend their days looking for food and reach as far as 1.1 kilometers from their nests. To find their way home, desert ants use a navigation system, relying on the sun’s position and counting their steps to track their location relative to their nest.
But this system becomes increasingly unreliable as the distance from the nest increases. “We realized that, whenever the ants in salt pans came closer to their nest, they suddenly pinpointed the nest hill from several meters distance,” says Markus Knaden, a researcher at Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology. “This made us think that the hill serves as a nest-defining landmark.”
So Knaden and colleagues captured ants from nests in the middle of salt pans and from along their shorelines. Only salt-pan nests had distinct hills, up to 40 centimeters tall, whereas the hills on shoreline nests were lower or barely noticeable. Next, the team removed any hills and placed the captured insects some distance away from their nests. Salt-pan ants struggled more than shore ants to find homes. Shore ants relied on the shoreline for guidance and weren’t affected by the hill removal, the researchers concluded.
The team further conducted another study to see if desert ants were deliberately building a taller hill when their surroundings lacked any visible landmarks. So, the researchers removed the hills of 16 salt-pan nests and installed (安装) two 50-centimeter-tall blocks near eight of them. The other eight nests were left without any artificial visual aid. After three days, the researchers found that seven ants from the unaided nests had rebuilt their hills. But only two ants from the nests with man-made blocks nearby had bothered to rebuild.
“It implies that ants regularly assess the complexity of their environment and change their decisions based on their conclusion,” says ecologist Judith Bronstein of the University of Arizona.
8. What aspect of ants is the recent study mainly about
A. Challenges of survival. B. Landmarks of habitats.
C. Intelligence of navigation. D. Comparison of varieties.
9. What does the underlined word “pinpointed” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Explored. B. Recognized. C. Climbed. D. Crossed.
10. Why did researchers set shoreline ants in the experiment
A. To observe different ants’ reactions. B. To prove impacts of various habitats.
C. To disturb desert ants’ navigation system. D. To test anthills’ functions and significance.
11. What conclusion about desert ants can be drawn from the follow-up study
A. Evaluate and make changes. B. Visual aid is a must.
C. Cooperation brings victory. D. No man-made blocks are used.
D
Coming into the town of Santa Catarina Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlán in Guatemala, the first thing you notice is the bright colors. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, in deep, varied hues of blues and greens; interspersed with red and yellow to form complex patterns and designs.
Santa Catarina Palopó was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them indigenous (土著的) and dependent on agricultural work. As agriculture began to dry up here, decline for the town and poverty for many of its families came. To deal with poverty and stimulate economic growth through tourism, a small but mighty group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopó project.
The project was initially to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors in an effort to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colors and figures that represent the community,” says the project’s executive director Stephany Blanco. “A range of designs were created so that families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.”
One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn prominently by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with secondary colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. As for the designs that would be used, they would also find inspiration in local culture, symbols such as volcanoes, flowers, Mayan-styled butterflies and the national bird of Guatemala.
Each week, local artists, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colorful. “At first, the idea of the project left many unsure about participating, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,” Melissa Whitbeck said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.”
12. What problem did Santa Catarina Palopó face
A. A labor shortage. B. Poor economic conditions.
C. A rapid increase in population. D. Outdated agricultural technology.
13. What is the project about
A. Building art galleries in Guatemala.
B. Creating job opportunities for local artisans.
C. Developing local tourism by selling artworks.
D. Transforming the town into a cultural destination.
14. What is the inspiration of the primary color for the project
A. The nearby lake. B. Mayan-styled butterflies.
C. A type of traditional clothing. D. The national bird of Guatemala.
15. What is Melissa’s attitude towards the project
A. Positive. B. Uncaring. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you often feel nervous when speaking English ____16____ I’ll tell you some tips for improving your confidence when speaking English.
●Concentrate on the positive, not the negative (消极的). ____17____ Don’t think or say things like “My English is so bad” or “I’ll never be good at English”. Those negative beliefs will make you less confident. Instead, think about your successes and strong points. When you concentrate on positive things, your confidence will improve.
●Understand that most mistakes aren’t so serious. Understand that most mistakes don’t matter very much. If you’re always worrying about mistakes, then you’ll feel nervous about your English. But the truth is that when you’re speaking, most people won’t notice your small mistakes. ____18____
●Stand up straight, make eye contact, smile and breathe. One involves what you do with your body when you’re speaking English, and that is to stand up straight or sit up straight, make eye contact, smile and remember to breathe. ____19____ So when you act confidently with your body by having good posture and making eye contact, and when you relax your face by smiling and breathing, these will make your spoken English more confident and comfortable as well.
●____20____ The more you practice something, not only do you get better, but you also get more confident. If you only speak English once a week for a couple minutes, then it’s going to take a long time to build up your confidence! Look for other opportunities to practice your speaking.
A. Speak louder and slower.
B. Practice as much as possible.
C What you need to do is to improve your attitude.
D. Your body language has an effect on your confidence.
E. Are you wondering how to speak English confidently
F. How do you correct your mistakes when writing English
G. So relax and don’t put so much stress on yourself to be perfect.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My photographs are the items I would definitely take or guard in case of an emergency. But what else This was the question I asked myself as a ____21____ came toward us.
Unlike some friends and ____22____ we decided to stay in our home. We didn’t have to choose what we would save by ____23____ it into the car, but we still had to decide what required protection by storing it in our walk-in closet. Surprisingly, few items made the cut - an obvious ____24____ that we had surrounded ourselves with beautiful yet unessential items. We needed ____25____ for the truly important things: ourselves.
Because when you hear the roar of the winds, or when something ____26____ hard against your windows, you don’t think of photos.You don’t worry about your big screen TV, or those paintings you’ve covered with towels to protect them, or that ____27____ car that you still haven’t finished paying for.
As ____28____ goes on outside, this is what you think: My children, are they OK Are their impact-resistant (耐冲击的) windows working ____29____ Are their roofs keeping out the damage My grandchildren, are they crying out in fear Are they ____30____ as their own grandparents are My relatives — yes, even those I try to avoid — have they ____31____ the worst of it My friends, will they be forced to move somewhere else permanently You don’t think about what you own but about what you love; what money can’t buy back.
Months and years after the hurricane, I often told people that there are two parts to ____32____ this kind of catastrophe: the horror of the hurricane itself and then the rebuilding that follows. The ____33____ together of a life, however, will take months, perhaps years.
But we will do it, ____34____ and as a community. Of that I have no doubt. In fact, I’ll make one more prediction. Piece by piece, item by item, we will once again collect the material possessions that decorate a home. I hate to admit this, but lessons learned ____35____ fear aren’t always long-lasting.
21.
A. flood B. drought C. wildfire D. hurricane
22.
A. hosts B. partners C. relatives D. architects
23.
A. applying B. packing C. exchanging D. delivering
24.
A. sign B. gap C. clue D. summary
25.
A. kit B. gym C. space D. greenhouse
26.
A rests B. erupts C. carves D. cracks
27.
A. cheap B. expensive C. graceful D. economic
28
A. destruction B. appreciation C. challenge D. determination
29.
A. as usual B. as follows C. as scheduled D. as promised
30.
A. annoyed B. amazed C. confused D. frightened
31.
A. escaped B. protested C. identified D. processed
32.
A. causing B. preventing C. surviving D. suffering
33.
A. cutting out B. putting back C. giving up D. working out
34.
A. devotedly B. creatively C. individually D. dependently
35.
A. in favor of B. in times of C. in need of D. in search of
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, 28–year–old model Huang Qian decided to add baduanjin (八段锦) to her daily routine. At first, she saw videos of people practicing____36____ social media platforms. So she ____37____ (natural) associated it with the kind of exercise favored by the elderly because of slow movements. Nevertheless, now Huang enjoys practicing the exercise, ____38____ stretches and relaxes her whole body. Baduanjin, ____39____ form of qigong, is a set of traditional Chinese fitness exercises____40____ (combine) physical movement with breathing and meditation. It____41____ (date) back to the Song Dynasty (960–1279). Baduanjin uses breathing and concentration techniques____42____ (improve) body and mind through eight well-designed sequences. ____43____ (compare) with other types of qigong exercise, such as tai chi and wuqinxi, baduanjin is more suited to beginners thanks to its simple, gentle movements. Huang was also excited to find out that one of her favorite fitness influencers German Pamela Reif, ____44____ (add) baduanjin to her workout videos already. The video has received more than 900,000 views, 49,000 likes and 24,000 reports since it was posted on Bilibili on Aug 8. Like many traditions, such as hanfu and music, baduanjin is receiving a growing____45____ (recognize) from people of all ages and is making a return to daily life.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，为了让学生养成读书的好习惯，请你代表学生会写一封倡议书，呼吁同学好读书，读好书。内容包括：
1.读书的重要性；
2.如何开展读书活动；
3.发出倡议。
注意：1.写作词数应为100词左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear students,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Council
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I could hear one of my classmates expressing her impatience with my slow crawl up the ladder (梯子),“If she’s afraid of heights, why would she sign up for a Bungee Jumping (蹦极) class ” My friend was at the top of the ladder, trying to cheer me up. How did I wind up on a ladder hanging above the Hudson River
It was my friend who invited me to the Bungee Jumping class. At first, I was doubtful, but her enthusiasm and guarantees of strict safety procedures won me over.
I had been fearful of heights since primary school. Avoiding my fear of heights became second nature. I tried not to look down at balconies or staircases. I avoided traveling by plane as much as possible. I declined invitations from friends to join them on roller coasters (过山车).
But here I was, at age twenty-six, facing my fear of heights in a rather extreme way. I had come around to the idea of trying Bungee Jumping. I figured it wasn’t much different from swinging on the monkey bars as a kid. The one obstacle I didn’t expect was the ladder. In order to reach the Bungee Jumping, I had to climb up a twenty-two-foot ladder.
My friend’s distraction techniques helped to take my mind off my dangerous task. I found a rhythm and kept going. With a slow and steady (稳定的) pace, I made it to the top.
An instructor tied me to a safety belt and told me to step to the edge of the platform. I held the Bungee Jumping bar with sweaty hands, surprised that it was too thick to fix my hand around. Instead of a firm grasp, my hands were in a weak, bear-claw position.
The cheers from my classmates rang out below. An instructor reminded me of the safety rules, including the net below that would catch me at the bottom. He reminded me to listen to the directions while in the air, so I could perform well.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stood face to face with my fear of heights.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My second round of Bungee Jumping went a bit more smoothly.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5 CABCC 6-10 AABCA 11-15 BCBAA 16-20 ABCBA重庆缙云教育联盟2023-2024学年（上）期末质量检测
高二英语
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；
4.全卷共7页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will Lily go to Paris
A. On Monday. B. On Tuesday. C. On Wednesday.
2. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Flight attendant and passenger.
B. Waitress and customer.
C. Receptionist and guest.
3. What is the boy talking about
A. A science class. B. A camping trip. C. A hunting trip.
4. How does the woman deal with difficult lectures
A. By taking notes only. B. By listening carefully. C. By recording them.
5. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a movie theater. B. In a cafe. C. On the beach.
第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。
6. What does the woman probably do for a living
A. She owns a restaurant. B. She runs a clothing shop. C. She works in a shoe store.
7. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Partners. C. Salesman and customer.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。
8. What does the man offer to do for the woman
A. Stay home with her. B. Make her some food. C. Drive her to a friend’s house.
9. How did the woman probably get sick
A. From John. B. From the man. C. From her colleague.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What does the man say about his recent life
A. Busy. B. Happy. C. Meaningful.
11. How does the man go to work
A. By bike. B. On foot. C. By car.
12. What isn’t the woman’s suggestion
A. Eat more food rich in minerals. B. Go to see a doctor. C. Exercise more.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. Where are the speakers
A. In Britain. B. In Germany. C. In France.
14. What does the woman do in most working hours
A. She handles daily affairs. B. She deals with e-mails. C. She manages the telephones.
15 When does the woman usually get off work
A. At 5:15 p.m. B. At 4:30 p.m. C. At 4:15 p.m.
16. What can we learn from the conversation
A. The woman is a secretary.
B. There are five people in the company.
C. The woman hates dealing with e-mails.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. What was the first magazine called
A. The Tattler. B. The Review. C. The Critics.
18. What was the first magazine mainly focused on
A. News events. B. Philosophical essays. C. Domestic issues.
19. What happened in 1709
A. Daniel Defoe was arrested.
B. The Tattler began publication.
C. The Review was started.
20. What do we know about Daniel Defoe
A. He was the founder of The Review.
B. He visited the King’s castle.
C. He added poetry to The Review.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure
A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.
“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.
This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.
Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.
McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.
Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.
1. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”
A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough.
C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath.
2. What can we learn about the two actors
A. They study in the same school. B. They worked together in ”Ragtime“.
C They are experienced on stage. D. They became friends ten years ago.
3. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers
A. Research funding. B. Training opportunities.
C. Technical support. D. Educational resources.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲。)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(Tumer是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客。他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员。)”可知，Tumer是辛辛那提舞台上的常客，儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角；根据第五段中的“McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sewyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit.(McMath是比奇伍德高中的三年级学生。他是《汤姆·休厄》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场。)”可知，McMath也是儿童剧院的常客；综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.(给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学。如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站。)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指南，展示如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通过儿童剧院的网站下载课程；由此可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了教育资源。故选D项。
B
Human responses to moral dilemmas (道德困境) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The findings indicate that users may undervalue the extent to which their own moral judgments can be influenced by the chatbot.
Sebastian Krigel and colleagues asked ChatGPT multiple times whether it is right to sacrifice (牺牲) the life of one person in order to save the lives of five others. They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).
The authors then presented 767 U.S. participants, who were on average 39 years old, with a dilemma whether to sacrifice one person’s life to save five others. Before answering, participants read a statement provided by ChatGPT arguing either for or against sacrificing one life to save five. Statements were from either a moral advisor or ChatGPT. After answering, participants were asked whether the statement they read influenced their answers.
Eighty percent of participants reported that their answers were not influenced by the statements they read. However, the authors found that the answers participants believed they would have provided without reading the statements were still more likely to agree with the moral stance of the statement they did read than with the opposite stance. This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.
The authors suggest that the possibility for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chatbots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.
4. What are ChatGPT’s answers to a certain moral stance
A. changeable. B. valuable. C. creative. D. simple.
5. What is learned about the participants
A. They admitted the power of ChatGPT.
B. They were interviewed by a moral advisor.
C. They were affected by ChatGPT unknowingly.
D. They were presented with different moral dilemmas.
6. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Different findings of the study. B. Future possibility for chatbots.
C. Major focuses of future education. D. Solutions to the impact of chatbots.
7. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. ChatGPT Tends to Cause Moral Panics.
B ChatGPT: Is It Likely to Affect Our Life
C. ChatGPT:Why Is It Making Us So Nervous
D. ChatGPT Can Influence Human Moral Judgments.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响。文章介绍了研究开展的经过以及发现，最后提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“They found that ChatGPT wrote random statements arguing both for and against sacrificing one life, indicating that it is not biased towards a certain moral stance (立场).(他们发现，ChatGPT会随机写出支持或反对牺牲一条生命的陈述，这表明它并不偏向于某种道德立场)”可推知，ChatGPT对某种道德立场的回复不一致，是可改变的。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”可推知，参与者在不知不觉中受到了ChatGPT的影响。故选C。
【6题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“The authors suggest that the potential for chatbots to influence human moral judgments highlights the need for education to help humans better understand artificial intelligence. They propose that future research should design chabots that either decline to answer questions requiring a moral judgment or answer these questions by providing multiple arguments and warnings.(作者认为，聊天机器人影响人类道德判断的潜力凸显了教育的必要性，以帮助人类更好地理解人工智能。他们建议，未来的研究应该设计出要么拒绝回答需要道德判断的问题，要么通过提供多种论证和警告来回答这些问题的聊天机器人)”可知，最后一段主要讲解决聊天机器人影响人类道德判断力的方法。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Human responses to moral dilemmas (道德困境) can be influenced by statements written by the artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT, according to a study published in Scientific Reports.(发表在《科学报告》上的一项研究表明，人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句的影响)”和倒数第二段中“This indicates that participants may have underestimated the influence of ChatGPT’s statements on their own moral judgments.(这表明参与者可能低估了ChatGPT的陈述对他们自己道德判断的影响)”可知，文章介绍了关于人类对道德困境的反应可能会受到人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT所写语句影响的研究，介绍了研究开展的过程和发现，最后还提到了解决聊天机器人影响的方法。由此推知，D选项“ChatGPT可以影响人类的道德判断”是研究的主题，也是文章最佳标题。故选D。
C
Some ants have figured out how to avoid getting lost: build taller anthills, according to a recent study.
Desert ants living in the hot, flat salt pans of Tunisia spend their days looking for food and reach as far as 1.1 kilometers from their nests. To find their way home, desert ants use a navigation system, relying on the sun’s position and counting their steps to track their location relative to their nest.
But this system becomes increasingly unreliable as the distance from the nest increases. “We realized that, whenever the ants in salt pans came closer to their nest, they suddenly pinpointed the nest hill from several meters distance,” says Markus Knaden, a researcher at Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology. “This made us think that the hill serves as a nest-defining landmark.”
So Knaden and colleagues captured ants from nests in the middle of salt pans and from along their shorelines. Only salt-pan nests had distinct hills, up to 40 centimeters tall, whereas the hills on shoreline nests were lower or barely noticeable. Next, the team removed any hills and placed the captured insects some distance away from their nests. Salt-pan ants struggled more than shore ants to find homes. Shore ants relied on the shoreline for guidance and weren’t affected by the hill removal, the researchers concluded.
The team further conducted another study to see if desert ants were deliberately building a taller hill when their surroundings lacked any visible landmarks. So, the researchers removed the hills of 16 salt-pan nests and installed (安装) two 50-centimeter-tall blocks near eight of them. The other eight nests were left without any artificial visual aid. After three days, the researchers found that seven ants from the unaided nests had rebuilt their hills. But only two ants from the nests with man-made blocks nearby had bothered to rebuild.
“It implies that ants regularly assess the complexity of their environment and change their decisions based on their conclusion,” says ecologist Judith Bronstein of the University of Arizona.
8. What aspect of ants is the recent study mainly about
A. Challenges of survival. B. Landmarks of habitats.
C. Intelligence of navigation. D. Comparison of varieties.
9. What does the underlined word “pinpointed” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Explored. B. Recognized. C. Climbed. D. Crossed.
10. Why did researchers set shoreline ants in the experiment
A. To observe different ants’ reactions. B. To prove impacts of various habitats.
C. To disturb desert ants’ navigation system. D. To test anthills’ functions and significance.
11. What conclusion about desert ants can be drawn from the follow-up study
A. Evaluate and make changes. B. Visual aid is a must.
C. Cooperation brings victory. D. No man-made blocks are used.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了沙漠蚂蚁的“智能化导航”。
【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Some ants have figured out how to avoid getting lost: build taller anthills, according to a recent study.(一些蚂蚁已经想出了如何避免迷路：根据最近的一项研究，就是建造更高的蚁丘)”以及第二、三段中的内容可知，研究发现沙漠蚂蚁利用太阳的位置和计算步数来确定自己相对于巢穴的位置，并且当它们离巢越远时，这种导航系统越不可靠。研究者进一步观察了沙漠盐田和海岸线地区的蚂蚁巢穴，发现只有沙漠盐田的巢穴上方有明显的小丘，而海岸线地区的巢穴则较低或几乎不可见。由此可知，这项研究主要关于蚂蚁导航的智能化。故选 C。
2.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“This made us think that the hill serves as a nest-defining landmark.(这让我们觉得这座山就像是一个定义巢穴的地标)”可知，研究者认为这个小丘是沙漠蚂蚁定位巢穴的地标,它们在接近巢穴时会一下子在几米远的距离外辨认出巢穴小丘。由此可知，划线词pinpointed的意思是“辨认”。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究者对沙漠蚂蚁和海岸线蚂蚁进行了实验，目的是比较它们在失去小丘后找回巢穴的情况。因此，研究者在实验中设置海岸线蚂蚁是为了观察不同蚂蚁的反应和表现。故选A。
4. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“After three days, the researchers found that seven ants from the unaided nests had rebuilt their hills. But only two ants from the nests with man-made blocks nearby had bothered to rebuild.(三天后，研究人员发现，无人帮助的蚂蚁巢中有七只蚂蚁重建了它们的丘陵。但是只有两只来自附近有人造障碍的蚂蚁巢中的蚂蚁费心去重建)”以及最后一段中的“It implies that ants regularly assess the complexity of their environment and change their decisions based on their conclusion.(这意味着蚂蚁定期评估其环境的复杂性，并根据他们的结论改变他们的决定)”可知，研究者进行了一项后续研究，发现当人为移除沙漠蚂蚁的盐田巢穴的小丘时，一些蚂蚁重新建造了它们的小丘，而有一些蚂蚁利用人为搭建的地标建巢。由此可知，蚂蚁会定期评估周围环境的复杂性，并根据自己的结论改变决策。故选A。
D
Coming into the town of Santa Catarina Palopó, in the highlands of Lake Atitlán in Guatemala, the first thing you notice is the bright colors. Most of the buildings along the main street are eye-catching, in deep, varied hues of blues and greens; interspersed with red and yellow to form complex patterns and designs.
Santa Catarina Palopó was once a sleepy town of 5,000 people, most of them indigenous (土著的) and dependent on agricultural work. As agriculture began to dry up here, decline for the town and poverty for many of its families came. To deal with poverty and stimulate economic growth through tourism, a small but mighty group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopó project.
The project was initially to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors, in an effort to change the hillside town into a work of art. “We wanted to paint the houses with colors and figures that represent the community,” says the project’s executive director Stephany Blanco. “A range of designs were created so that families can choose designs for their house that are representative of the family.”
One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn prominently by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with secondary colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. As for the designs that would be used, they would also find inspiration in local culture, symbols such as volcanoes, flowers, Mayan-styled butterflies and the national bird of Guatemala.
Each week, local artists, community members and tourists pick up paintbrushes to make buildings colorful. “At first, the idea of the project left many unsure about participating, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,” Melissa Whitbeck said. “The color of the buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.”
12. What problem did Santa Catarina Palopó face
A. A labor shortage. B. Poor economic conditions.
C. A rapid increase in population. D. Outdated agricultural technology.
13. What is the project about
A. Building art galleries in Guatemala.
B. Creating job opportunities for local artisans.
C. Developing local tourism by selling artworks.
D. Transforming the town into a cultural destination.
14. What is the inspiration of the primary color for the project
A. The nearby lake. B. Mayan-styled butterflies.
C. A type of traditional clothing. D. The national bird of Guatemala.
15. What is Melissa’s attitude towards the project
A. Positive. B. Uncaring. C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了危地马拉阿蒂特兰湖高地的圣卡塔琳娜帕洛波镇以及该镇的彩绘项目.
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As agriculture began to dry up here, decline for the town and poverty for many of its families came. To deal with poverty and stimulate economic growth through tourism, a small but mighty group of laborers, artisans, domestic workers and stay-at-home moms created the Pintando Santa Catarina Palopó project.（随着这里的农业开始枯竭，小镇开始衰落，许多家庭陷入贫困。为了解决贫困问题，并通过旅游业刺激经济增长，一个由劳工、工匠、家政工人和全职妈妈组成的规模虽小但力量强大的团体创建了Pintando Santa Catarina Palopó项目。）”可知，圣卡塔琳娜帕洛波镇面临经济状况不佳的情况。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The project was initially to paint all 850 homes and buildings in bright colors, in an effort to change the hillside town into a work of art.（该项目最初是将所有850个住宅和建筑涂成明亮的颜色，努力将山坡小镇变成一件艺术品。）”可知，这个项目是关于把这个城镇变成一个文化目的地。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“One of the most representative characteristics of the region is the blue huipil, a traditional blouse which has been worn prominently by local women since the 16th century. That deep sky blue was chosen as the primary color for the Pintando project, with secondary colors found in the sunsets and the nearby lake to make the design more attractive. As for the designs that would be used, they would also find inspiration in local culture, symbols such as volcanoes, flowers, Mayan-styled butterflies and the national bird of Guatemala.（该地区最具代表性的特征之一是蓝色的徽衫，这是一种传统的衬衫，自16世纪以来一直是当地妇女的突出穿着。深天蓝色被选为Pintando项目的主色调，在日落和附近的湖泊中发现次要颜色，使设计更具吸引力。至于使用的设计，他们也会从当地文化中寻找灵感，比如火山、鲜花、玛雅风格的蝴蝶和危地马拉的国鸟。）可知，该项目的主色调灵感来自一种传统服装。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘At first, the idea of the project left many unsure about participating, but now you can see a considerable difference in the town,’ Melissa Whitbeck said. ‘The color of the buildings is believed to improve the quality of life of the people. It uplifts the people’s mood and encourages them to be proud of where they come from.’（梅丽莎怀特贝克说: “起初，该项目的想法让许多人不确定是否要参与，但现在你可以看到这个小镇有了相当大的变化。”建筑物的颜色被认为可以提高人们的生活质量。它提升了人们的情绪，鼓励他们为自己的家乡感到自豪。）”可知，梅丽莎对这个项目的态度是积极的。故选A。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do you often feel nervous when speaking English ____16____ I’ll tell you some tips for improving your confidence when speaking English.
●Concentrate on the positive, not the negative (消极的). ____17____ Don’t think or say things like “My English is so bad” or “I’ll never be good at English”. Those negative beliefs will make you less confident. Instead, think about your successes and strong points. When you concentrate on positive things, your confidence will improve.
●Understand that most mistakes aren’t so serious. Understand that most mistakes don’t matter very much. If you’re always worrying about mistakes, then you’ll feel nervous about your English. But the truth is that when you’re speaking, most people won’t notice your small mistakes. ____18____
●Stand up straight, make eye contact, smile and breathe. One involves what you do with your body when you’re speaking English, and that is to stand up straight or sit up straight, make eye contact, smile and remember to breathe. ____19____ So when you act confidently with your body by having good posture and making eye contact, and when you relax your face by smiling and breathing, these will make your spoken English more confident and comfortable as well.
●____20____ The more you practice something, not only do you get better, but you also get more confident. If you only speak English once a week for a couple minutes, then it’s going to take a long time to build up your confidence! Look for other opportunities to practice your speaking.
A. Speak louder and slower.
B. Practice as much as possible.
C. What you need to do is to improve your attitude.
D. Your body language has an effect on your confidence.
E. Are you wondering how to speak English confidently
F. How do you correct your mistakes when writing English
G. So relax and don’t put so much stress on yourself to be perfect.
【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章关于如何自信地说英语给出一些建议。
【16题详解】
上文“Do you often feel nervous when speaking English (你说英语时经常感到紧张吗？)”提出说英语时是否紧张的问题，选项E“你想知道如何自信地说英语吗？”承接上文，进一步提出想不想自信地说英语，引出下文“I’ll tell you some tips for improving your confidence when speaking English. (我将告诉你一些提高你说英语自信的技巧。)”介绍本文主题。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“Concentrate on the positive, not the negative (消极的). (关注积极的一面，而不是消极的一面。)”建议要积极对待不要消极对待，选项C“你需要做的是改善你的态度。”承接上文，建议改善消极态度为积极态度。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“But the truth is that when you’re speaking, most people won’t notice your small mistakes. (但事实是，当你说话的时候，大多数人不会注意到你的小错误。)”说明大多数人不会注意小错误，选项G“所以放轻松，不要给自己太大的压力去追求完美。”和上文存在因果关系，所以不要有太大压力。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“So when you act confidently with your body by having good posture and making eye contact, and when you relax your face by smiling and breathing, these will make your spoken English more confident and comfortable as well. (因此，当你通过良好的姿势和眼神交流自信地对待自己的身体，当你微笑和呼吸放松你的脸时，这些都会让你的英语口语更加自信和舒适。)”说明良好的身体姿势会让英语口语更加自信，选项D“你的肢体语言对你的自信有影响。”和下文存在因果关系。语义一致，故选D项。
【20题详解】
下文“The more you practice something, not only do you get better, but you also get more confident. (你练习得越多，不仅你做得越好，而且你也会变得更自信。)”说明练的越多越好，选项B“尽可能多地练习。”概括下文，建议尽可能多的练习。故选项B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My photographs are the items I would definitely take or guard in case of an emergency. But what else This was the question I asked myself as a ____21____ came toward us.
Unlike some friends and ____22____, we decided to stay in our home. We didn’t have to choose what we would save by ____23____ it into the car, but we still had to decide what required protection by storing it in our walk-in closet. Surprisingly, few items made the cut - an obvious ____24____ that we had surrounded ourselves with beautiful yet unessential items. We needed ____25____ for the truly important things: ourselves.
Because when you hear the roar of the winds, or when something ____26____ hard against your windows, you don’t think of photos.You don’t worry about your big screen TV, or those paintings you’ve covered with towels to protect them, or that ____27____ car that you still haven’t finished paying for.
As ____28____ goes on outside, this is what you think: My children, are they OK Are their impact-resistant (耐冲击的) windows working ____29____ Are their roofs keeping out the damage My grandchildren, are they crying out in fear Are they ____30____ as their own grandparents are My relatives — yes, even those I try to avoid — have they ____31____ the worst of it My friends, will they be forced to move somewhere else permanently You don’t think about what you own but about what you love; what money can’t buy back.
Months and years after the hurricane, I often told people that there are two parts to ____32____ this kind of catastrophe: the horror of the hurricane itself and then the rebuilding that follows. The ____33____ together of a life, however, will take months, perhaps years.
But we will do it ____34____ and as a community. Of that I have no doubt. In fact, I’ll make one more prediction. Piece by piece, item by item, we will once again collect the material possessions that decorate a home. I hate to admit this, but lessons learned ____35____ fear aren’t always long-lasting.
21.
A. flood B. drought C. wildfire D. hurricane
22.
A. hosts B. partners C. relatives D. architects
23.
A. applying B. packing C. exchanging D. delivering
24.
A. sign B. gap C. clue D. summary
25.
A. kit B. gym C. space D. greenhouse
26.
A. rests B. erupts C. carves D. cracks
27.
A. cheap B. expensive C. graceful D. economic
28.
A. destruction B. appreciation C. challenge D. determination
29.
A. as usual B. as follows C. as scheduled D. as promised
30.
A. annoyed B. amazed C. confused D. frightened
31.
A. escaped B. protested C. identified D. processed
32.
A. causing B. preventing C. surviving D. suffering
33.
A. cutting out B. putting back C. giving up D. working out
34.
A. devotedly B. creatively C. individually D. dependently
35.
A. in favor of B. in times of C. in need of D. in search of
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。通过叙述一个人在飓风来袭时面临的抉择和反思，强调了在灾难面前，真正重要的是人与人之间的关系，而非物质财富。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是飓风向我们袭来时我问自己的问题。A. flood洪水；B. drought干旱；C. wildfire野火；D. hurricane飓风。根据后文“Months and years after the hurricane”可知，此处说的是“飓风向我们袭来”。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：不像一些朋友和亲戚，我们决定呆在家里。A. hosts主人；B. partners合伙人；C. relatives亲戚；D. architects建筑师。根据前文“Unlike some friends”和下文“My relatives — yes, even those I try to avoid”可知，空处和朋友并列，表示不像我哦朋友和亲戚离开去躲避飓风，我们决定待在家里。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不需要选择把什么东西装进车里，但我们仍然需要决定把什么东西放在我们的步入式衣橱里，以保护它们。A. applying应用；B. packing包装；C. exchanging交换；D. delivering传送。根据后文“into the car”结合前文内容可知，作者的朋友和亲戚为了躲避飓风，要开车去别的地方，所以东西需要打包。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，很少有东西符合要求——一种我们周围都是漂亮但不重要的东西的明显的迹象。A. sign标志；B. gap间隙；C. clue线索；D. summary总结。根据前文“few items made the cut”以及后文“we had surrounded ourselves with beautiful yet unessential items.”可知，需要保护的东西很少，这是一种迹象，表明我们周围都是漂亮但不重要的东西。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们需要空间留给真正重要的东西：我们自己。A. kit成套工具；B. gym健身房；C. space空间；D. greenhouse温室。根据前文“We didn’t have to choose what we would save by 3 it into the car, but we still had to decide what required protection by storing it in our walk-in closet.(我们不需要选择把什么东西装进车里，但我们仍然需要决定把什么东西放在我们的步入式衣橱里，以保护它们。)”可知，此处是在讲述收纳东西，而收纳东西需要空间，所以此处是需要空间留给真正重要的东西。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为当你听到呼啸的风声，或者有什么东西猛烈地撞击你的窗户时，你不会想到照片。A. rests休息；B. erupts爆发；C. carves雕刻；D. cracks重击。根据前文“when you hear the roar of the winds, or when something”以及后文“hard against your windows”可知，飓风的时候，风会吹飞东西撞击窗户。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你不用担心你的大屏幕电视，或者那些你用毛巾盖住以保护它们的画，或者你还没有付完钱的昂贵的汽车。A. cheap便宜的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. graceful优雅的；D. economic经济的。根据后文“you still haven’t finished paying for”可知，车子还没付完钱，所以应是昂贵的车子。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当外面发生破坏时，你会这样想：我的孩子们，他们还好吗 A. destruction破坏；B. appreciation欣赏；C. challenge挑战；D. determination决心。根据后文“this is what you think: My children, are they OK ”结合前文内容可知，应是在飓风天气造成破坏时，会担心自己的孩子们。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：它们的抗冲击窗口是否如所承诺的那样工作 A. as usual照常；B. as follows如下；C. as scheduled如期；D. as promised如约。根据前文“this is what you think: My children, are they OK ”以及“Are their impact-resistant (耐冲击的) windows”可知，此处是在担心孩子们的安全，所以应是“担心抗冲击窗口是否如所承诺的那样工作”以便保护孩子们的安全。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们会像他们的祖父母一样害怕吗 A. annoyed生气；B. amazed吃惊的；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据前文“My grandchildren, are they crying out in fear ”可知，是担心孙子们担惊受怕。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的亲戚们——是的，甚至是那些我试图避开的人——他们逃脱了最糟糕的情况吗 A. escaped逃脱；B. protested抗议；C. identified确认；D. processed处理。根据后文“ My friends, will they be forced to move somewhere else permanently ”可知，此处是担心亲戚是否逃脱了飓风造成的破坏。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：飓风过后的几个月甚至几年，我经常告诉人们，从这种灾难中幸存下来有两部分：飓风本身的恐怖和随之而来的重建。A. causing导致；B. preventing阻止；C. surviving幸存；D. suffering遭受。根据后文“the horror of the hurricane itself and then the rebuilding that follows.”可知，飓风本身的恐怖和随之而来的重建，应是从飓风灾害幸存下来的人需要面对的。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，生命的恢复需要几个月，甚至几年的时间。A. cutting out切除；B. putting back放回；C. giving up放弃；D. working out锻炼。根据前文“then the rebuilding that follows”以及后文“together of a life”可知，此处讲述灾区的重建以及生命的恢复。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我们会做到的，无论是作为个人还是作为一个社区。A. devotedly全心全意地；B. creatively有创作力地；C. individually个人地；D. dependently依赖地。根据前文“ But we will do it”和下文“ as a community”可知，飓风过后，社区要重建，个人要恢复。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：我讨厌承认这一点，但在恐惧中吸取的教训并不总是持久的。A. in favor of赞成；B. in times of在……的时刻；C. in need of有……的需要；D. in search of寻找。根据前文“lessons learned”以及后文“fear aren’t always long-lasting”可知，应是在恐惧的时刻吸取的教训。故选B项。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, 28–year–old model Huang Qian decided to add baduanjin (八段锦) to her daily routine. At first, she saw videos of people practicing____36____ social media platforms. So she ____37____ (natural) associated it with the kind of exercise favored by the elderly because of slow movements. Nevertheless, now Huang enjoys practicing the exercise, ____38____ stretches and relaxes her whole body. Baduanjin, ____39____ form of qigong, is a set of traditional Chinese fitness exercises____40____ (combine) physical movement with breathing and meditation. It____41____ (date) back to the Song Dynasty (960–1279). Baduanjin uses breathing and concentration techniques____42____ (improve) body and mind through eight well-designed sequences. ____43____ (compare) with other types of qigong exercise, such as tai chi and wuqinxi, baduanjin is more suited to beginners thanks to its simple, gentle movements. Huang was also excited to find out that one of her favorite fitness influencers German Pamela Reif, ____44____ (add) baduanjin to her workout videos already. The video has received more than 900,000 views, 49,000 likes and 24,000 reports since it was posted on Bilibili on Aug 8. Like many traditions, such as hanfu and music, baduanjin is receiving a growing____45____ (recognize) from people of all ages and is making a return to daily life.
【答案】36. on 37. naturally
38. which 39. a
bining
41. dates 42. to improve
pared
44. had added
45. recognition
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一位28岁的模特黄倩决定把八段锦加入她的日常锻炼中，并介绍了八段锦的相关情况。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：起初，她在社交媒体平台上看到了人们练习的视频。此处是固定搭配：on social media platforms意为“在社交媒体平台上”。故填on。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：所以她很自然地把它和老年人喜欢的那种运动联系在一起，因为动作缓慢。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填naturally。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：尽管如此，现在黄还是很喜欢做这项运动，它可以伸展和放松她的整个身体。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：八段锦是气功的一种形式，是一套将身体运动与呼吸和冥想相结合的中国传统健身运动。form以为“形式”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前应用不定冠词修饰，form为辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：八段锦是气功的一种形式，是一套将身体运动与呼吸和冥想相结合的中国传统健身运动。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词is，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，exercises和combine为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填combining。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：它可以追溯到宋朝(960-1279)。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：八段锦运用呼吸和专注技术，通过八个精心设计的序列来改善身心。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词uses，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to improve。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他类型的气功运动，如太极拳和五禽戏相比，八段锦由于其简单，轻柔的动作更适合初学者。分析句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，baduanjin和compare为逻辑动宾关系，需填过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：黄还兴奋地发现，她最喜欢的健身达人之一德国人帕梅拉·赖夫(Pamela Reif)已经在她的健身视频中添加了八段锦。空处为宾语从句的谓语，根据“already”和“was also excited to find out”可知，此处使用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故填had added。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：像汉服和音乐等许多传统一样，八段锦越来越受到各年龄段人们的认可，并正在回归日常生活。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词作宾语，recognize的名词形式是recognition。故填recognition。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是校学生会主席李华，为了让学生养成读书的好习惯，请你代表学生会写一封倡议书，呼吁同学好读书，读好书。内容包括：
1.读书的重要性；
2.如何开展读书活动；
3.发出倡议。
注意：1.写作词数应为100词左右。
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear students,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Student Council
【答案】Dear students,
There is no denying that reading plays a very important role in our daily life./The value of reading cannot be overestimated. Not only can reading help broaden our horizons, but it also enables us to have a better understanding of the world around us./ Not only is it recreation, but it also lights a lamp in the mind, bettering our understanding of the world around us.
In order to inspire people to read more books, first of all, we can organize book exchanges to encourage traditional reading. Moreover, reading events can be held and online learning platforms can be launched to get people to read and share our favorite books with others.
It’s high time that we devoted ourselves to reading more books. Let’s take action from now on!
Student Council
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生代表学生会写一封倡议书，呼吁同学好读书，读好书。
【详解】1.词汇积累
在……中起着重要作用：play a very important role→play a very important part
帮助：help→assist
拓宽：broaden→widen
此外：moreover→what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to inspire people to read more books, first of all, we can organize book exchanges to encourage traditional reading.
拓展句：First of all, we can organize book exchanges to encourage traditional reading so that we can inspire people to read more books.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Not only can reading help broaden our horizons, but it also enables us to have a better understanding of the world around us.（运用了not only置于句首的倒装结构）
【高分句型2】It’s high time that we devoted ourselves to reading more books.（运用了固定句型It’s high time that 和虚拟语气）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I could hear one of my classmates expressing her impatience with my slow crawl up the ladder (梯子),“If she’s afraid of heights, why would she sign up for a Bungee Jumping (蹦极) class ” My friend was at the top of the ladder, trying to cheer me up. How did I wind up on a ladder hanging above the Hudson River
It was my friend who invited me to the Bungee Jumping class. At first, I was doubtful, but her enthusiasm and guarantees of strict safety procedures won me over.
I had been fearful of heights since primary school. Avoiding my fear of heights became second nature. I tried not to look down at balconies or staircases. I avoided traveling by plane as much as possible. I declined invitations from friends to join them on roller coasters (过山车).
But here I was, at age twenty-six, facing my fear of heights in a rather extreme way. I had come around to the idea of trying Bungee Jumping. I figured it wasn’t much different from swinging on the monkey bars as a kid. The one obstacle I didn’t expect was the ladder. In order to reach the Bungee Jumping, I had to climb up a twenty-two-foot ladder.
My friend’s distraction techniques helped to take my mind off my dangerous task. I found a rhythm and kept going. With a slow and steady (稳定的) pace, I made it to the top.
An instructor tied me to a safety belt and told me to step to the edge of the platform. I held the Bungee Jumping bar with sweaty hands, surprised that it was too thick to fix my hand around. Instead of a firm grasp, my hands were in a weak, bear-claw position.
The cheers from my classmates rang out below. An instructor reminded me of the safety rules, including the net below that would catch me at the bottom. He reminded me to listen to the directions while in the air, so I could perform well.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I stood face to face with my fear of heights.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My second round of Bungee Jumping went a bit more smoothly.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I stood face-to-face with my fear of heights. The realization that this was something I would have to do alone not only gave me some discomfort, but also a bit of pride. If I made it through the class, I would finish something in the face of my fear. As the instructor counted down, I took a deep breath and was pushed off the platform. The air rushed into my lungs. I lost awareness of time and space and let the force of the Bungee Jumping swing me up and down. I dropped onto the net tremblingly and began walking with my shaky legs. Finally, I made it!
My second round of Bungee Jumping went a bit more smoothly. My hands and legs didn’t shake anymore. Even at the moment of jumping off the platform, my eyes were open and I saw the water coming towards me directly. An inexperienced thrill filled my whole body immediately. While my fear of heights was still with me, this experience opened up a new way of seeing myself and approaching challenges. I became more open to trying new things. I’m more capable than my fears let me believe I am.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者有恐高症，在朋友的鼓励下报了蹦极班，想以一种极端的方式面克服恐高症。最终作者鼓起勇气，接受挑战，克服了恐惧，让自己更加有信心。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我直面我的恐高症。”可知，第一段可描写作者第一次试跳之前的心理变化和状态。
②由第二段首句内容“我的第二轮蹦极进行得比较顺利。”可知，第二段可描写作者第二次蹦极心理向好的方面变化，自己能应对挑战，增强了信心。
2.续写线索：作者恐高——报名蹦极——爬梯子是的恐惧——第一次蹦极直面恐高的复杂心理——第二次蹦极获得心里的成长——自信增加克服恐高
3.词汇激活
行为类
①自己做：do alone/act by myself
②成功了：made it/succeeded
③深呼吸：took a deep breath/breathed deeply
情绪类
①颤抖地：tremblingly/shakily
②顺利地：smoothly/without hindrance
【点睛】【高分句型1】If I made it through the class, I would finish something in the face of my fear. (使用了虚拟语气)
【高分句型2】While my fear of heights was still with me, this experience opened up a new way of seeing myself and approaching challenges. (使用了While引导的让步状语从句)
1-5 CABCC 6-10 AABCA 11-15 BCBAA 16-20 ABCBA
