2023～2024学年高一第一学期期末学业质量监测卷
英语
本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟
考生注意：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5 分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the man want an app
A. To edit his photos. B. To go on a business trip. C. To play games.
2. How much money will the woman borrow from the man
A. 8 pounds. B. 10 pounds. C. 18 pounds.
3. What will the man do
A. Keep the key. B. Deliver a message. C. Give back the key.
4. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a store. B. In a garden. C. In a restaurant.
5. Where does the man play badminton
A. At the club. B. At the university. C. At the community centre.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man usually go to school
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot.
7. What is the most difficult subject according to the man
A. English. B. Maths. C. History.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man's problem
A. He is too busy to wait. B. He can't find his medicine.
C. He is suffering from a backache.
9. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Go on a vacation. B. Take some pills. C. Have a physical examination.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. When was the World Wild Fund for Nature set up
A. In 1916. B. In 1961. C. In 1969.
11. What does the Audubon Society work to protect
A. Birds. B. Forests. C. Sea animals.
12. What is the Audubon Society named after
A. A city. B. An animal. C. A person.
13. What can we learn about the Wilderness Society
A. It is based in New York. B. It has 18 offices in the United States.
C. It focuses on the natural environment of the US.
听第9 段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the talking mainly about
A. What to do with the shopping car. B. When to use the computer system.
C. How to improve shopping experience.
15. What makes the shoppers tired
A. Carrying shopping around. B. Looking for what they want to buy.
C. Lining up for electrically-driven car.
16. What's the problem for building moving walkways
A. The space. B. The redesign. C. The technology.
17. Where will the computer system send the shopping
A. To the shelf. B. To the doorway. C. To the checkout.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the topic of The Martian
A. Planets in space. B. Life on a ship. C. Survival on Mars.
19. What does Mark Watney do on Mars
A. He writes a book. B. He grows food in his camp.
C. He makes new discoveries.
20. What does Andy Weir do
A. He's a writer. B. He's an engineer. C. He's an astronaut.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Festivals are a great way to get people together and have a good time. They’re also an excellent opportunity to showcase your town or city to visitors from all around the world. Here’s a list of the most famous and best festivals around the world!
Just for Laughs
Held in Montreal, Canada every summer, Just for Laughs is a comedy festival that was started in Montreal in 1984. As one of the largest and most famous comedy festivals in the world, it features some of the best stand-up comedians in the world. The festival has won a number of awards, including being named one of the top ten international events by CNN Travel in 2021.
Rio Carnival
The Rio Carnival takes place every year in February and is known for its dynamic colorful costumes and lively atmosphere. The Rio Carnival features a range of events, from street carnivals to large exhibitions of Brazilian dance and music. It is a time to enjoy the festive season and celebrate Brazil's rich culture.
Haro Wine Festival
Haro Wine Festival in Spain began in 1985 and is held each year in the town of Haro, in the province of Alicante. The festival celebrates wine appreciation and features tastings from famous wine estates all over Spain. It is also known for its music and arts events. The festival attracts visitors from all over the world, who enjoy experiencing the diverse culture and cuisine of Spain.
Krampusnacht
Krampusnacht, which is celebrated in Austria, is known for its horrifying traditions. Krampus is a monster in German folklore. During Krampusnacht, people celebrate his arrival by wearing masks and costumes that make them look like monsters. They also go out drinking and partying, causing some troubles along the way.
1. What can you do in Just for Laughs
A. You can win an award. B. You can stand up all the time.
C. You can see some comedians. D. You can be interviewed by CNN.
2. Which festival would you go if you want to have a taste of some fine wine
A. Just for laughs. B. Rio Carnival. C. Haro Wine Festvial. D. Krampusnacht.
3. What do these festivals have in common
A. They are all foreign celebrations. B. They are all celebrated in early Spring.
C. People celebrate all of them by dancing. D. They are all celebrating traditional culture.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最著名和最好的节日以及相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Just for Laughs标题下“As one of the largest and most famous comedy festivals in the world, it features some of the best stand-up comedians in the world.(作为世界上最大、最著名的喜剧节之一，它以一些世界上最好的单口相声演员为主角)”可知，在Just for Laughs，你可以看到一些喜剧演员。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Haro Wine Festival标题下“The festival celebrates wine appreciation and features tastings from famous wine estates all over Spain. (该节日庆祝葡萄酒鉴赏，并以来自西班牙各地的著名葡萄酒庄园品鉴会为特色)”可知，如果你想要品尝美酒，可以去Haro Wine Festival。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Just for Laughs标题下“Held in Montreal, Canada every summer, Just for Laughs is a comedy festival that was started in Montreal in 1984.(Just for Laughs是一个始于1984年的喜剧节，每年夏天在加拿大蒙特利尔举行)”、Rio Carnival标题下“The Rio Carnival takes place every year in February and is known for its dynamic colorful costumes and lively atmosphere.(里约狂欢节每年2月举行，以其动感多彩的服装和热闹的气氛而闻名)”、Haro Wine Festival标题下“Haro Wine Festival in Spain began in 1985 and is held each year in the town of Haro, in the province of Alicante.(西班牙的哈罗葡萄酒节始于1985年，每年在阿利坎特省的哈罗镇举行)”以及 Krampusnacht标题下“Krampusnacht, which is celebrated in Austria, is known for its horrifying traditions. (奥地利著名的克拉姆普斯纳赫特以其恐怖的传统而闻名)”可知，四个节日都在外国举行，都是外国的庆典。故选A。
B
In a clinic room filled with medical staff lining up to get Covid vaccines (疫苗), a woman finds herself in tears. Yet, those are not tears of fear or sadness, but tears of joy and pride. It dawns on her that her decades of hard work have finally paid off. The mRNA vaccines she helped develop have saved millions of lives and helped the world find a way out of the worst of the pandemic.
That remarkable woman is Professor Katalin Karikó, a Hungarian-American biochemist, who together with her colleague American immunologist Drew Weissma, was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking work on the development of mRNA-based vaccines.
Born in 1955 in Hungary, Professor Karikó had a childhood marked by hardship. In 1985 when the Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences lost its funding, she made a daring and risky decision to start a journey to the US. However, the American dream was hardly plain sailing, and the challenges facing Professor Karikó were only just beginning. Despite the promising results in RNA-related therapy trials, she was told her research was going nowhere. Her applications were repeatedly rejected, and in 1995 she lost her position in the University of Pennsylvania and was forced to retire.
Professor Karikó refused to give up easily. She persevered, forming a partnership with the university's immunology professor Drew Weissman, and eventually they made their big breakthrough, finding a way to modify mRNA so that it could trigger an immune response, laying the groundwork for what would become the Covid mRNA vaccines. When the Covid pandemic hit, the use of mRNA was the reason why vaccines were developed so quickly at unprecedented speed.
Professor Karikó’ s journey, from her humble beginnings to her groundbreaking research, stands as a testament to her unwavering perseverance and determination.
4. What challenges did Professor Karikó face during her career in the US
A. She did have enough money.
B. She couldn't understand the language.
C. She didn't know how to carry out her research.
D. Her research was not accepted by other scientists.
5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “persevered”
A. Gave up. B. Kept trying. C. Changed her mind. D. Put it aside.
6. What can we infer from this passage
A. Professor Karikó should retire earlier.
B. Professor Karikó's determination made all the difference.
C. American dream made everything easy for Professor Karikó.
D. The research of mRNA is only valuable when Covid pandemic hit.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. Karikó's American dream. B. Challenges in Karikó's research.
C The development of the vaccine. D. Karikó's life and her achievements.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了匈牙利裔美国生物化学家卡塔琳·卡里科教授与美国免疫学家德鲁·韦斯曼合作开发mRNA疫苗并获得2023年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的故事。卡里科教授坚韧不拔、决心坚定的旅程成就了她的突破性研究。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“ Despite the promising results in RNA-related therapy trials, she was told her research was going nowhere. Her applications were repeatedly rejected, and in 1995 she lost her position in the University of Pennsylvania and was forced to retire. (尽管与RNA相关的治疗试验取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但她被告知她的研究不会有任何进展。她的申请一再被拒绝，1995年，她失去了宾夕法尼亚大学的职位，被迫退休。)”可知，尽管与RNA相关的治疗试验取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但是她的研究不被其他科学家所接受。故选D。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Professor Karikó refused to give up easily. (卡里科教授拒绝轻易放弃。)”以及后文的“forming a partnership with the university's immunology professor Drew Weissman, and eventually they made their big breakthrough, finding a way to modify mRNA so that it could trigger an immune response, laying the groundwork for what would become the Covid mRNA vaccines. (与该大学的免疫学教授德鲁·韦斯曼建立了合作关系，最终他们取得了重大突破，找到了一种修改mRNA的方法，使其能够引发免疫反应，为后来的新冠病毒mRNA疫苗奠定了基础。)”可知，卡里科教授没有轻易放弃，因此不断坚持，直到取得重大突破。故划线词与B选项“Kept trying.(不停地尝试。)”为同义词。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Professor Karikó’ s journey, from her humble beginnings to her groundbreaking research, stands as a testament to her unwavering perseverance and determination. (教授卡里科的旅程，从她卑微的开始到她开创性的研究，作为她坚定不移的毅力和决心的证明。)”可知，教授卡里科的成功在于她坚定不移的毅力和决心，故卡里科教授的决心改变了一切。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述了匈牙利裔美国生物化学家卡塔琳·卡里科教授与美国免疫学家德鲁·韦斯曼合作开发mRNA疫苗并获得2023年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的故事。卡里科教授在匈牙利度过艰难的童年，冒险前往美国追求梦想。尽管她的mRNA相关研究初步取得了有希望的成果，但她遭受了多次拒绝，并最终失去了职位。然而，她没有轻易放弃，与韦斯曼教授合作，并最终取得了突破，找到了一种修改mRNA的方法，使其能够引发免疫反应，为新冠疫苗的发展奠定了基础。D选项“Karikó's life and her achievements. (卡里科的一生和她的成就。)”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。故选D。
C
AI is a tool, a powerful tool that for the first time in human evolution provides the means to improve analyses, thinking, decision capabilities and creativity. These four human capabilities can be found in most of our daily activities, at personal, social and business level. Having a tool can definitely improve our capabilities.
As any tool we invented, it robs us of something: While AI has increased human strength and required fewer resources, it reduces the need for a single person to be “strong”! We have plenty of examples of complains from the past towards the appearance of new tools.
Plato, the great Greek philosopher, once reported in his dialogues of concerns raised by the use of writing, a tool that would have robbed people from their capabilities to memorize, since memories could be shifted to writings on parchment (羊皮纸). Therefore, in a way, there is nothing really new in our reaction to this new tool.
The opportunities offered, however are huge, and as for previous invented tools, the time will soon come when we will no longer have an option to use or not use AI.
The IBM Global AI Adoption Report based on 2022 data point s out that only 1 company in 5 is not using or planning to use AI. According to McKinsey and Gartner, the two most well-known consulting (咨询) companies, most medium and large companies are already using AI and by the end of this decade all will be using it as an integral part of their activity support. In other words, by the end of this decade, there will be two kind of companies, those using AI and those that are out of business.
8. According to the author, what has AI done for us
A. Rob us of some resources. B. Reduce personal strengths.
C. Improve our capabilities. D. Make decisions for humans.
9. Why is Plato mentioned in the passage
A. To highlight the power of new inventions since ancient times.
B. To provide an example of people's concerns about new inventions.
C. To show that people have been making new inventions all the time.
D. To make sure that people understand the importance of new inventions.
10. What does IBM Global AI Adoption Report show
A. Only large companies will use AI.
B. Mckinsey and Gartner are already using AI.
C. Most companies are using or planing to use AI.
D. There will be two kinds of companies in ten years.
11. Which one is a suitable title for this text
A. Why Should We Use AI B. Where Is AI Leading Us
C. What Should We Do with AI D. To Use or Not to use AI, It's a Question.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了人工智能作为一种强大的工具，对人类的分析、思考、决策能力和创造力提供了改进的手段。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Having a tool can definitely improve our capabilities.(拥有一个工具绝对可以提高我们的能力。)”可知，作者认为拥有一个工具即AI可以提高我们的能力。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Plato, the great Greek philosopher, once reported in his dialogues of concerns raised by the use of writing, a tool that would have robbed people from their capabilities to memorize, since memories could be shifted to writings on parchment(羊皮纸). (伟大的希腊哲学家柏拉图曾在他的对话录中提到，书写工具会剥夺人们的记忆能力，因为记忆可以转移到羊皮纸上书写。)”以及“Therefore, in a way, there is nothing really new in our reaction to this new tool.(因此，在某种程度上，我们对这个新工具的反应并没有什么新意。)”可知，Plato一开始对于书写这一新事物的出现是持怀疑和忧虑的态度的。用他的例子旨在表明人们对于新事物的态度，自古至今都是一开始持怀疑态度。B选项“To provide an example of people's concerns about new inventions.(举例说明人们对新发明的关注。)”符合题意。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“The IBM Global AI Adoption Report based on 2022 data point s out that only 1 company in 5 is not using or planning to use AI. (基于2022年数据的IBM全球人工智能采用报告指出，只有五分之一的公司没有使用或计划使用人工智能。)”可知，基于2022年数据的IBM全球人工智能采用报告指出，只有五分之一的公司没有使用或计划使用人工智能即大多数公司都在使用或计划使用人工智能。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“AI is a tool, a powerful tool that for the first time in human evolution provides the means to improve analyses, thinking, decision capabilities and creativity. These four human capabilities can be found in most of our daily activities, at personal, social and business level. Having a tool can definitely improve our capabilities.(人工智能是一种工具，一种强大的工具，在人类进化中首次提供了提高分析、思考、决策能力和创造力的手段。这四种人类能力可以在我们大多数的日常活动中找到，在个人、社会和商业层面。拥有一个工具绝对可以提高我们的能力。)”以及通读全文可知，。主旨大意题。由原文可知本文就在讲述 AI能为人类生产力带来的机会和赋能。A选项“Why Should We Use AI ( 我们为什么要使用人工智能？)”概括文章主题，符合标题。故选A。
D
On the side of the road in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve in northwest China's Qinghai Province, you might see a chubby wolf wagging its tail, rolling on the ground in front of the passing cars in hopes of getting a meal. However, it was skin and bones a few months ago. It is said that the old starving wolf was kicked out of the wolf pack because of its poor hunting ability. But that all changed after a passing driver gave it two pies and posted a video of it online in July, which has made the wolf popular, with people rushing to the area to provide it with food.
Since then, the wolf has given up its hunting instinct(本能) and turned to passers-by for snacks that are high in oil, sugar and salt, such as pies, roasted chicken and sausages. Subsequently, more wolves have joined this behavior. The wolfs change has led many netizens to find humor as they are actually acting like pet dogs. However, the change means that it is losing its ability to survive in nature, which is extremely dangerous to wild animals.
“Wolves are part of the food web in the ecosystem, and as people continue to feed them, their habits will change, which will disrupt their role in the ecosystem and affect the stability of the ecosystem,” said Qi Xinzhang, deputy head of the Xining Wildlife Park in the province.
Although wolves sit near the top of the food web, their kill rate is only 14 percent. They don't eat every day. Instead, they live a life of feast or famine, and hunger is their norm.
So far, some parts of the country have enacted laws and regulations prohibiting the feeding of wild animals. Shanghai municipal government implemented regulations on October 1 this year, prohibiting the feeding of wild animals. On October 16, a newly revised wildlife protection law in southwest China's Sichuan Province made it clear that feeding and driving away wild animals are prohibited while observing and photographing them.
12. Why was the wolf kicked out of the wolf pack
A. His old age. B. His skinny body.
C. His poor hunting ability. D. His popularity on the Internet.
13. Why shouldn't tourists feed wild animals
A. Because wild animal may attack humans.
B. Because wild animals don't like the food.
C. Because wild animals don't have to eat everyday.
D. Because feeding wild animals will affect the ecosystem.
14. What do we know about wolves from this passage
A. They live like dogs. B. They can always find something to eat.
C. They are at the bottom of food chain. D. They don't often succeed in hunting.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. People are taking actions to protect wild animals.
B. People shouldn't observe and photograph wild animals.
C. Laws are newly introduced to protect wild animals recently.
D. People can feed wild animals outside Shanghai and Sichuan.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国青海省可可西里自然保护区一只饥饿的狼因为被人喂食而变得依赖人类提供的食物，以及这种现象对野生动物和生态系统的危害。文章指出，人们继续喂食野生动物会改变它们的行为习惯，破坏它们在生态系统中的角色，并影响生态系统的稳定性。一些地方已经出台了禁止喂食野生动物的法律和法规。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“ It is said that the old starving wolf was kicked out of the wolf pack because of its poor hunting ability. (据说，饥饿的老狼被赶出狼群是因为它的狩猎能力差。)”可知，饥饿的老狼被赶出狼群是因为它的狩猎能力差，故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中““Wolves are part of the food web in the ecosystem, and as people continue to feed them, their habits will change, which will disrupt their role in the ecosystem and affect the stability of the ecosystem,” said Qi Xinzhang, deputy head of the Xining Wildlife Park in the province.( 西宁野生动物园副园长齐新章说：“狼是生态系统食物网的一部分，随着人们继续喂养它们，它们的习性将会改变，这将破坏它们在生态系统中的作用，影响生态系统的稳定性。”)”可知，游客之所以不能喂野生动物是因为它们的习性将会改变，这将破坏它们在生态系统中的作用，影响生态系统的稳定性。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Although wolves sit near the top of the food web, their kill rate is only 14 percent. They don't eat every day. Instead, they live a life of feast or famine, and hunger is their norm.(虽然狼位于食物网的顶端，但它们的杀戮率只有14%。他们不是每天都吃东西。相反，他们过着盛宴或饥荒的生活，饥饿是他们的常态。)”可知，虽然狼位于食物网的顶端，但它们的杀戮率只有14%，即它们在捕猎中并不经常成功。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“So far, some parts of the country have enacted laws and regulations prohibiting the feeding of wild animals. (到目前为止，这个国家的一些地区已经颁布了禁止喂食野生动物的法律法规。)”可知，到目前为止，这个国家的一些地区已经颁布了禁止喂食野生动物的法律法规即人们正在采取行动保护野生动物。故选A。
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We watch our salt and fat intake to protect our hearts. We exercise and take calcium to protect our bones. We use sunscreen to protect our skin. ___16___ Actually there are quite a lot! Here are some suggestions from experts about what lifestyle people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.
___17___
Although there's no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes, staring at a screen can leave eyes tired. The National Institutes of Health recommends taking a break every 20 minutes to look at something about 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Eat for your eyes
Research shows that foods rich in vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids are linked to lower risk for age-related eye problems. For omega-3 fatty acids, look for fish like salmon, tuna and halibut. ___18___ For lots of vitamin C, grab citrus, strawberries, tomatoes, red and green peppers, and broccoli. For vitamin E, choose peanuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, avocado, pumpkin and asparagus. For zinc, good sources are beef, fortified cereals and especially oysters.
Stop those bad habits
Smoking isn't just bad for your lungs; it can harm eyes too. Smoking is terrible. It causes dry eye disease and correlates with severe other problems. Also, try not to rub your eyes. Rubbing makes inflammation worse. ___19___
Check up regularly
Don't forget to see an eye specialist for a checkup. ___20___ And the truth is, the earlier you find these problems, the better you get them treated. For most people, unless there are noticeable problems, regular eye check-ups on the basis of at least every two years are recommended by the doctors.
A. Take a break from screens
B. Not all eye problems are noticeable.
C But what can we do to protect our eyes
D. The more you rub, the more uncomfortable your eyes will get.
E. If you still feel your eyes are dry or getting tired, use eye drops.
F. For lutein and zeaxanthin, eat dark leafy greens like spinach, kale and collard greens.
G. For more information on how to protect and care for your eyes, visitthewebsiteeyesmart.org.
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章讲述了保护眼睛健康的生活方式。文章中指出，每隔20分钟休息一下，看一看距离自己大约20英尺的物体，持续20秒钟。此外，文章还提到食物对眼睛健康的重要性，推荐摄入富含维生素C、维生素E、锌、叶黄素、玉米黄素和奥米加-3脂肪酸的食物。文章还提到了一些不良习惯，如吸烟和揉眼睛，会对眼睛健康造成伤害。最后，文章强调定期去眼科专家检查眼睛的重要性，以便尽早发现并治疗问题。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Actually there are quite a lot!(实际上有很多!)”可知，此处强调保护眼睛有很多方法。C选项“But what can we do to protect our eyes ( 但是我们能做些什么来保护我们的眼睛呢？)”提出问题，指出对于保护眼睛我们能做些什么？与后文的回答形成呼应，C选项符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Although there's no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes, staring at a screen can leave eyes tired. The National Institutes of Health recommends taking a break every 20 minutes to look at something about 20 feet away for 20 seconds.(虽然没有科学证据表明电子屏幕发出的光会损害眼睛，但盯着屏幕会让眼睛疲劳。美国国立卫生研究院(National Institutes of Health)建议每隔20分钟休息一下，看20英尺外的东西20秒。)”可知，本段指出电子屏幕发光对眼睛损害，因此盯着屏幕会让眼睛疲劳。因此本段针对该内容应该提出离屏幕休息一下的建议。A选项“Take a break from screens(离开屏幕休息一下)”概括本段内容，符合段旨，符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据前文“For omega-3 fatty acids, look for fish like salmon, tuna and halibut. (至于omega-3脂肪酸，可以吃鲑鱼、金枪鱼和大比目鱼。)”以及后文“ For lots of vitamin C, grab citrus, strawberries, tomatoes, red and green peppers, and broccoli. (多吃柑橘类、草莓、西红柿、红椒和青椒以及花椰菜，就能获得大量的维生素C。)”以及后文的“For vitamin E, choose peanuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, avocado, pumpkin and asparagus. For zinc, good sources are beef, fortified cereals and especially oysters.( 要补充维生素E，可以选择花生、杏仁、葵花籽、鳄梨、南瓜和芦笋。对于锌，牛肉，强化谷物，尤其是牡蛎是很好的来源。)”可知，此处介绍的是补充不同的营养元素可以通过不同的食物进行补充。F选项“For lutein and zeaxanthin, eat dark leafy greens like spinach, kale and collard greens.(叶黄素和玉米黄质可以吃深色绿叶蔬菜，比如菠菜、羽衣甘蓝和羽衣甘蓝。)”与前后构成并列结构，指出通过吃菠菜、羽衣甘蓝和羽衣甘蓝可以补充叶黄素和玉米黄质。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Also, try not to rub your eyes. Rubbing makes inflammation worse. (另外，尽量不要揉眼睛。摩擦会加重炎症。)”可知，此处强调不要一直揉眼睛，这样会增加炎症，对眼睛不好。D选项“The more you rub, the more uncomfortable your eyes will get.(揉得越多，眼睛就越不舒服。)”承接前文，指出揉眼睛带来的负面效果，符合语境。故选D。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Don't forget to see an eye specialist for a checkup.(别忘了去找眼科专家检查一下。)”可知，此处强调应该去找眼科专家检查眼睛，后文应该对此提出原因。B选项“Not all eye problems are noticeable.(并非所有的眼部问题都是显而易见的。)”指出，并不是所有的眼部问题都是显而易见的，因此需要找眼科专家检查一下，符合语境。故选B。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给出的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
With her paddle slicing through the water swiftly, 37-year-old Chinese canoeist (皮筏艇运动员) Xie Maosan enjoyed a significant lead in the women’s KLI canoe final and won the first gold medal of the 4th Asian Para Games on Monday.
Born to a rural family in Anhui Province in 1986 and afflicted by Poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症), Xie couldn’t ___21___ before the age of 10. Throughout her childhood, as she recalled, the ___22___ stares of relatives and mockery from classmates made her more determined to ___23___ herself.
In her teens, with the ___24___ and understanding of her mother, Xie decided to master a craft to ___25___. She packed up her belongings, went to the county to learn tailoring for three years, and then became a tailor. Later, she went to Shanghai to learn CAD pattern-making.
“Regardless of the career path I choose, I always push myself ___26___. I want to prove to everyone that we are ___27___ capable,” she shared at the post-race press conference, tears in her eyes.
In 2015, things ___28___ when news reached her of the national team’s ___29___ for canoeing talents. Without hesitation, she ____30____, and at 29, she joined the national canoeing team.
Recalling her initial days, Xie said, “Lacking a foundation in sports, it was truly ____31____ for me at the beginning. I ____32____ into the water multiple times during training. Not knowing how to swim, I almost passed out from choking on water.”
Despite all the hardships, ____33____ to win glory for her country kept Xie going. At the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics, Xie finished fifth in the women’s KL1 canoeing final. “____34____ me, canoeing is a ____35____, as it gave me confidence and a new life,” said Xie.
21. A. walk B. hear C. see D. speak
22. A. warm B. cold C. angry D. kind
23. A. defend B. prove C. improve D. encourage
24. A. concern B. favour C. admission D. support
25. A. make a fortune B. make a difference C. make a living D. make a contribution
26. A. more B. less C. better D. harder
27. A. definitely B. equally C. entirely D. actually
28. A. adopted B. recovered C. changed D. started
29. A. search B. application C. expectation D. research
30. A. left B. challenged C. refused D. volunteered
31. A. easy B. calm C. painful D. awesome
32. A. fell B. jumped C. crashed D. dropped
33. A. capability B. desire C. responsibility D. attitude
34. A. As for B. According to C. Because of D. In addition to
35. A. rebirth B. relief C. recovery D. reward
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在第四届亚洲残疾人运动会女子皮划艇决赛中夺得金牌的选手谢毛三的人生故事，她出生自农村家庭，患有小儿麻痹症，受到他人的冷眼和嘲笑，却克服困难，努力证明自己，通过加入国家皮划艇队迎来改变，她经历了痛苦的训练，凭借为国争光的渴望坚持下来，获得了新生。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：1986年，谢毛三出生在安徽省的一个农村家庭，患有小儿麻痹症，10岁前不会走路。A. walk行走；B. hear听；C. see看；D. speak说。根据上文“afflicted by Poliomyelitis”可知，她患有小儿麻痹症，因此运动能力会受到影响，10岁前不会走路。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据她回忆，在她的整个童年，亲戚的冷眼和同学的嘲笑让她更加坚定了要证明自己的决心。A. warm温暖的；B. cold冷漠的；C. angry生气的；D. kind友善的。根据下文“stares of relatives and mockery from classmates”可推知，因为她的病情，她受到了亲戚的冷眼和同学的嘲笑。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据她回忆，在她的整个童年，亲戚的冷眼和同学的嘲笑让她更加坚定了要证明自己的决心。A. defend辩护；B. prove证明；C. improve改善；D. encourage鼓励。根据下文“I want to prove to everyone that we are ___7___ capable”可知，她是想证明自己的能力。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，在母亲的支持和理解下，她决定掌握一门手艺来谋生。A. concern关注；B. favour恩惠；C. admission录取；D. support支持。根据下文“and understanding of her mother”可推知，来自母亲的应该是支持和理解。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，在母亲的支持和理解下，她决定掌握一门手艺来谋生。A. make a fortune发财；B. make a difference产生影响；C. make a living谋生；D. make a contribution做出贡献。根据谢毛三患过小儿麻痹症的情境，以及上文“Xie decided to master a craft”可推知，生活相对艰难的她是想掌握一门手艺来谋生。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不管我选择什么样的职业道路，我总是逼迫自己更加努力。A. more更多地；B. less更少地；C. better更好地；D. harder更努力地。根据下文“I want to prove to everyone that we are ___7___ capable”可知，她想证明自己的能力，个性要强，因此会逼迫自己更加努力。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我想向所有人证明，我们有同样的能力。A. definitely肯定地；B. equally同样地；C. entirely完全地；D. actually实际上。根据谢毛三患过小儿麻痹症，是一名残疾人运动员的情境可推知，她想证明的是有一定身体缺陷的他们和普通人有同样的能力。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，当她听到国家队正在搜寻皮划艇人才的消息时，情况发生了变化。A. adopted收养；B. recovered恢复；C. changed改变；D. started开始。根据上文叙述的谢毛三学手艺谋生，以及下文叙述的她加入国家皮划艇队，刻苦训练，取得好成绩可推知，在这一年情况发生了变化。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2015年，当她听到国家队正在搜寻皮划艇人才的消息时，情况发生了变化。A. search搜寻；B. application申请；C. expectation期望；D. research研究。根据上文“the national team’s”和下文“she joined the national canoeing team”可推知，当时国家队正在搜寻皮划艇人才，她才得以加入国家皮划艇队。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她毫不犹豫地自告奋勇，29岁时，她加入了国家皮划艇队。A. left离开；B. challenged挑战；C. refused拒绝；D. volunteered自告奋勇。根据下文“she joined the national canoeing team”可推知，她需要先自告奋勇地报名申请，才能有机会加入国家皮划艇队。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：（由于）缺乏体育基础，一开始对我来说真的很痛苦。A. easy容易的；B. calm平静的；C. painful痛苦的；D. awesome令人敬畏的。根据上文“Lacking a foundation in sports”可知，她没有体育基础，因此皮划艇项目一开始对她来说会很痛苦。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在训练中多次落水。A. fell跌落；B. jumped跳跃；C. crashed坠毁；D. dropped掉落。根据下文“into the water multiple times during training”和“Not knowing how to swim”可推知，在皮划艇训练中，不会游泳的她应该是不慎落水，fall侧重任何物体或人在没有受控制下失去平衡而倾倒或受重力影响而“自然下落”，而drop则描述人为的、有空间高度下落的动作。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，但为国争光的渴望让她坚持了下来。A. capability能力；B. desire渴望；C. responsibility责任；D. attitude态度。根据下文“to win glory for her country kept Xie going”可推知，让她坚持下去的应该是内心为国争光的渴望。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：“对我来说，皮划艇是一种重生，因为它给了我信心和新生命，”谢毛三说。A. As for对……来说；B. According to根据；C. Because of由于；D. In addition to除了（还）。根据下文“canoeing is a ___15___, as it gave me confidence and a new life”可知，此处她在陈述自己的想法，应该是描述皮划艇对自己的意义。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“对我来说，皮划艇是一种重生，因为它给了我信心和新生命，”谢毛三说。A. rebirth重生；B. relief宽慰；C. recovery恢复；D. reward奖励。根据下文“as it gave me confidence and a new life”可知，皮划艇给了她信心和新生命，因此是一种重生。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Primary school students in Changsha, Hunan province have started to learn the Changsha dialect(方言) in an elective course ___36___ (new) offered by the school this semester.
More than 20 third-grade students from the Affiliated Primary School of Hunan Normal University have signed up ___37___ the course. A dozen language ___38___ (professor) at universities are teaching the course.
Apart from listening, speaking, reading and ___39___ (write), students will also gain knowledge about the culture behind the dialect, according to Luo Xinru, a Chinese language professor at Hunan Normal University and one of the teachers of the course.
The Ministry of Education ___40___ (start) the National Language Resource Protection Project in 2015 to protect its language resources. The country has established ___41___ largest language resource database in the world, according to the ministry.
“Dialect protection is the future trend and different dialects ___42___ carry diverse culture and value should not and will not disappear,” she said,
Dialect is a valuable language resource and should ___43___ (protect). “We do not expect all children ___44___ (take) the course to learn perfect Changsha dialect, ____45____ they should understand the importance of different dialects and perhaps be willing to div e into the research and protection of them as they grow older.”
【答案】36. newly
37. for 38. professors
39. writing
40. started
41. the 42. that##which
43. be protected
44. to take
45. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。这篇文章介绍了湖南省长沙市一所小学开设了方言选修课，并有20多名三年级学生报名。除了学习听说读写方言，学生还将了解方言背后文化知识。虽然不期望所有孩子学会完美的长沙方言，但他们应该了解不同方言的重要性，并在长大后愿意进行研究和保护。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：湖南长沙市的小学生在本学期新开设的一门选修课中开始学习长沙话。分析句子，设空处使用new的副词newly作状语，修饰offered。故填newly。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：来自湖南师范大学附属小学的20多名三年级学生报名参加了这门课程。句中sign up for为固定短语，意为“报名”。故填for。
【38题详解】
考查名词。句意：大学里的十几位语言教授正在教授这门课程。分析句子，设空处使用名词作主语，professor意为“教授”为可数名词，此处表示复数意义。故填professors。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：湖南师范大学汉语教授、该课程的教师之一罗心如表示，除了听、说、读、写之外，学生们还将获得有关方言背后文化的知识。分析句子，设空处使用动名词与前文的listening，speaking以及reading构成并列结构，作宾语。故填writing。
【40题详解】
考查动词。句意：教育部于2015年启动了国家语言资源保护工程，以保护其语言资源。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中in 2015表示句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填started。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：据该部称，该国已建立了世界上最大的语言资源数据库。句中largest为形容词最高级，resource为名词，此处表示特指，故使用定冠词the。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：她说:“方言保护是未来的趋势，不同的方言承载着不同的文化和价值，不应该也不会消失。”分析句子，设空处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代前文的dialects为物，用that或者which。故填that或者which。
【43题详解】
考查动词。句意：方言是一种宝贵的语言资源，应该受到保护。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处resource与protect之间是被动关系，同时设空处置于情态动词should之后，故使用情态动词的被动语态。故填be protected。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们不指望所有的孩子都能学好长沙话，但他们应该了解不同方言的重要性，也许随着年龄的增长，他们愿意投入到对方言的研究和保护中去。”句中expect sb to do为固定短语，意为“期待某人去做某事”。故答案为to take。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子，前后构成转折关系，用but。故填but。
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校的国际交换生 Frank 请你推荐一份能够帮助他提升中文能力的杂志。请你写一封电子邮件，向他推荐《读者》杂志。内容包括：
1 内容丰富，受众广泛；
2. 易于购买，便于学习。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Frank,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Frank,
I hope this email finds you well! I’m writing to recommend a magazine that would help you to improve your Chinese — “Reader”.
“Reader” is a Chinese magazine known for its diverse content and high-quality articles. It covers a wide range of topics, including literature, history, science, social issues, and more. People can always find things they like in the magazine, which makes it so popular among people of all ages. Besides, you can get access to “Reader” easily when it’s published in Lanzhou.
Wishing you great progress on your journey of learning Chinese!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。国际交换生 Frank 请你推荐一份能够帮助他提升中文能力的杂志，由此要求考生写一封电子邮件，向他推荐《读者》杂志。
【详解】1.词汇积累
希望：hope→expect
提升：improve →promote
多样的：diverse→ various
此外：besides→ what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Wishing you great progress on your journey of learning Chinese!
拓展句：I hope that you will make great progress on your journey of learning Chinese!
【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to recommend a magazine that would help you to improve your Chinese — “Reader”.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 People can always find things they like in the magazine, which makes it so popular among people of all ages. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was born into a “running family”. I lost count of how many marathons(马拉松) my dad has participated in, and I'm pretty sure my mom travels by foot more than she does by vehicle. My brother. Mike, has followed in their footsteps by running when he can, and competes in at least 4 races throughout the year. Unlike him, I didn't naturally fall into the running life: I put up a fight.
“Running is the best thing for you, I don't know how people can dislike it,” my dad questioned during many dinner conversations in grade school.
“You would be a fool not to join the track team, Colleen,” my mom suggested in her serious voice.
“Of course I will” I replied while rolling my eyes. “What could be funner than running ”
Then I began to spend the long winter months waking up each morning with the sun and birds. Each day began like the previous one: sneakers, headphones, and stretching. The fresh air filled my lungs as Iran out the front door, greeted by the empty streets and sidewalks. The world became my very own training ground. As my knees pounded against the track, I found peace in the growing sun.
Soon I found myself agreeing with my parents and laughing at the idea of once disagreeing with them. Actually, running in the morning has become my favorite part of day.
The time had come that my dad finally asked the big question. The question I had been nervous about for a while. “So, the marathon is in November. What are you thinking ”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was not sure if I was ready for this.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day of the marathon finally arrived.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】I was not sure if I was ready. The thought of running a marathon seemed daunting and overwhelming. I had only been running for a few months, and the idea of running 26.2 miles seemed to be impossible. However, deep down, I knew that this was an opportunity to challenge myself and prove that I could accomplish anything I set my mind to. Besides, I didn’t want to let my dad down, who’s been encouraging and supporting me wholeheartedly.
The day of the marathon finally arrived. As I was standing on the starting line, I was overwhelmed with nervousness and excitement. When I began to run, I tried to settled into a steady pace, finding comfort in the rhythm of my breath and the pounding of my feet on the pavement. It was at mile marker 20 when my legs began to lose feeling. I was thinking about giving up when I saw my father running alongside me and cheering me up. Thinking of my promise to Dad and all the efforts I made, I gathered all my strength and kept running. When I finally ran across the finishing line, I knew that I had transformed into a new person.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，作者最初不喜欢跑步，但在家人的鼓励下开始跑步，并最终参加了马拉松比赛的故事。作者最初非常反对跑步，但在冬天的日子里，她开始每天早上起床去跑步，渐渐地喜欢上了这个过程。父母一直鼓励她参加马拉松比赛，最终她接受了挑战，并成功完成了比赛。完成比赛后，她意识到自己已经成长为一个勇敢坚强的人，并为自己的成就感到自豪。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我不确定自己是否准备好了。”可知，第一段可描写作者对于跑马拉松的内心的态度，虽然直到自己只跑了几个月，但是内心深处知道要自我挑战，决定参加马拉松比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“马拉松比赛的日子终于到了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在实际中参加马拉松比赛的过程，虽然自己想要放弃，但是在父亲的鼓舞和激励，以及个人所做的努力最终完成比赛。
2.续写线索：不确定是否要参加比赛——决定挑战参加马拉松——比赛过程中要放弃——想起父亲的承诺以及自己做出努力——最终完成比赛
3.词汇激活
行为类
①完成：accomplish/complete
②.开始跑：begin to run/start to run
③.看到：see/spot/notice
情绪类
①.让某人沮丧：let sb down/make sb disappointed
②.兴奋：excitement/incitation
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Besides, I didn’t want to let my dad down, who’s been encouraging and supporting me wholeheartedly.（由关系词词who引导定语从句）
[高分句型2]. When I finally ran across the finishing line, I knew that I had transformed into a new person, someone who made everyone proud.（由when引导的时间状语从句，以及that引导的宾语从句结构）2023～2024学年高一第一学期期末学业质量监测卷
英语
本试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟
考生注意：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5 分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. Why does the man want an app
A. To edit his photos. B. To go on a business trip. C. To play games.
2. How much money will the woman borrow from the man
A. 8 pounds. B. 10 pounds. C. 18 pounds.
3. What will the man do
A. Keep the key. B. Deliver a message. C. Give back the key.
4. Where are the speakers probably
A. In a store. B. In a garden. C. In a restaurant.
5. Where does the man play badminton
A. At the club. B. At the university. C. At the community centre.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How does the man usually go to school
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. On foot.
7. What is the most difficult subject according to the man
A. English. B. Maths. C. History.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man's problem
A. He is too busy to wait. B. He can't find his medicine.
C. He is suffering from a backache.
9. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Go on a vacation. B. Take some pills. C. Have a physical examination.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. When was the World Wild Fund for Nature set up
A. In 1916. B. In 1961. C. In 1969.
11. What does the Audubon Society work to protect
A. Birds. B. Forests. C. Sea animals.
12. What is the Audubon Society named after
A. A city. B. An animal. C. A person.
13. What can we learn about the Wilderness Society
A. It is based in New York. B. It has 18 offices in the United States.
C. It focuses on the natural environment of the US.
听第9 段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the talking mainly about
A. What to do with the shopping car. B. When to use the computer system.
C. How to improve shopping experience.
15. What makes the shoppers tired
A. Carrying shopping around. B. Looking for what they want to buy.
C. Lining up for electrically-driven car.
16. What's the problem for building moving walkways
A. The space. B. The redesign. C. The technology.
17. Where will the computer system send the shopping
A. To the shelf. B. To the doorway. C. To the checkout.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What is the topic of The Martian
A. Planets in space. B. Life on a ship. C. Survival on Mars.
19. What does Mark Watney do on Mars
A. He writes a book. B. He grows food in his camp.
C. He makes new discoveries.
20. What does Andy Weir do
A. He's a writer. B. He's an engineer. C. He's an astronaut.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Festivals are a great way to get people together and have a good time. They’re also an excellent opportunity to showcase your town or city to visitors from all around the world. Here’s a list of the most famous and best festivals around the world!
Just for Laughs
Held in Montreal, Canada every summer, Just for Laughs is a comedy festival that was started in Montreal in 1984. As one of the largest and most famous comedy festivals in the world, it features some of the best stand-up comedians in the world. The festival has won a number of awards, including being named one of the top ten international events by CNN Travel in 2021.
Rio Carnival
The Rio Carnival takes place every year in February and is known for its dynamic colorful costumes and lively atmosphere. The Rio Carnival features a range of events, from street carnivals to large exhibitions of Brazilian dance and music. It is a time to enjoy the festive season and celebrate Brazil's rich culture.
Haro Wine Festival
Haro Wine Festival in Spain began in 1985 and is held each year in the town of Haro, in the province of Alicante. The festival celebrates wine appreciation and features tastings from famous wine estates all over Spain. It is also known for its music and arts events. The festival attracts visitors from all over the world, who enjoy experiencing the diverse culture and cuisine of Spain.
Krampusnacht
Krampusnacht, which is celebrated in Austria, is known for its horrifying traditions. Krampus is a monster in German folklore. During Krampusnacht, people celebrate his arrival by wearing masks and costumes that make them look like monsters. They also go out drinking and partying, causing some troubles along the way.
1. What can you do in Just for Laughs
A. You can win an award. B. You can stand up all the time.
C. You can see some comedians. D. You can be interviewed by CNN.
2. Which festival would you go if you want to have a taste of some fine wine
A. Just for laughs. B. Rio Carnival. C. Haro Wine Festvial. D. Krampusnacht.
3. What do these festivals have in common
A. They are all foreign celebrations. B. They are all celebrated in early Spring.
C. People celebrate all of them by dancing. D. They are all celebrating traditional culture.
B
In a clinic room filled with medical staff lining up to get Covid vaccines (疫苗), a woman finds herself in tears. Yet, those are not tears of fear or sadness, but tears of joy and pride. It dawns on her that her decades of hard work have finally paid off. The mRNA vaccines she helped develop have saved millions of lives and helped the world find a way out of the worst of the pandemic.
That remarkable woman is Professor Katalin Karikó, a Hungarian-American biochemist, who together with her colleague American immunologist Drew Weissma, was awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their groundbreaking work on the development of mRNA-based vaccines.
Born in 1955 in Hungary, Professor Karikó had a childhood marked by hardship. In 1985 when the Biological Research Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences lost its funding, she made a daring and risky decision to start a journey to the US. However, the American dream was hardly plain sailing, and the challenges facing Professor Karikó were only just beginning. Despite the promising results in RNA-related therapy trials, she was told her research was going nowhere. Her applications were repeatedly rejected, and in 1995 she lost her position in the University of Pennsylvania and was forced to retire.
Professor Karikó refused to give up easily. She persevered, forming a partnership with the university's immunology professor Drew Weissman, and eventually they made their big breakthrough, finding a way to modify mRNA so that it could trigger an immune response, laying the groundwork for what would become the Covid mRNA vaccines. When the Covid pandemic hit, the use of mRNA was the reason why vaccines were developed so quickly at unprecedented speed.
Professor Karikó’ s journey, from her humble beginnings to her groundbreaking research, stands as a testament to her unwavering perseverance and determination.
4. What challenges did Professor Karikó face during her career in the US
A. She did have enough money.
B. She couldn't understand the language.
C. She didn't know how to carry out her research.
D. Her research was not accepted by other scientists.
5. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “persevered”
A. Gave up. B. Kept trying. C. Changed her mind. D. Put it aside.
6. What can we infer from this passage
A. Professor Karikó should retire earlier.
B. Professor Karikó's determination made all the difference.
C. American dream made everything easy for Professor Karikó.
D. The research of mRNA is only valuable when Covid pandemic hit.
7. What is the text mainly about
A. Karikó's American dream. B. Challenges in Karikó's research.
C The development of the vaccine. D. Karikó's life and her achievements.
C
AI is a tool, a powerful tool that for the first time in human evolution provides the means to improve analyses, thinking, decision capabilities and creativity. These four human capabilities can be found in most of our daily activities, at personal, social and business level. Having a tool can definitely improve our capabilities.
As any tool we invented, it robs us of something: While AI has increased human strength and required fewer resources, it reduces the need for a single person to be “strong”! We have plenty of examples of complains from the past towards the appearance of new tools.
Plato, the great Greek philosopher, once reported in his dialogues of concerns raised by the use of writing, a tool that would have robbed people from their capabilities to memorize, since memories could be shifted to writings on parchment (羊皮纸). Therefore, in a way, there is nothing really new in our reaction to this new tool.
The opportunities offered, however are huge, and as for previous invented tools, the time will soon come when we will no longer have an option to use or not use AI.
The IBM Global AI Adoption Report based on 2022 data point s out that only 1 company in 5 is not using or planning to use AI. According to McKinsey and Gartner, the two most well-known consulting (咨询) companies, most medium and large companies are already using AI and by the end of this decade all will be using it as an integral part of their activity support. In other words, by the end of this decade, there will be two kind of companies, those using AI and those that are out of business.
8. According to the author, what has AI done for us
A. Rob us of some resources. B. Reduce personal strengths.
C. Improve our capabilities. D. Make decisions for humans.
9. Why is Plato mentioned in the passage
A. To highlight the power of new inventions since ancient times.
B. To provide an example of people's concerns about new inventions.
C. To show that people have been making new inventions all the time.
D. To make sure that people understand the importance of new inventions.
10. What does IBM Global AI Adoption Report show
A. Only large companies will use AI.
B. Mckinsey and Gartner are already using AI.
C. Most companies are using or planing to use AI.
D. There will be two kinds of companies in ten years.
11. Which one is a suitable title for this text
A. Why Should We Use AI B. Where Is AI Leading Us
C. What Should We Do with AI D. To Use or Not to use AI, It's a Question.
D
On the side of the road in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve in northwest China's Qinghai Province, you might see a chubby wolf wagging its tail, rolling on the ground in front of the passing cars in hopes of getting a meal. However, it was skin and bones a few months ago. It is said that the old starving wolf was kicked out of the wolf pack because of its poor hunting ability. But that all changed after a passing driver gave it two pies and posted a video of it online in July, which has made the wolf popular, with people rushing to the area to provide it with food.
Since then, the wolf has given up its hunting instinct(本能) and turned to passers-by for snacks that are high in oil, sugar and salt, such as pies, roasted chicken and sausages. Subsequently, more wolves have joined this behavior. The wolfs change has led many netizens to find humor as they are actually acting like pet dogs. However, the change means that it is losing its ability to survive in nature, which is extremely dangerous to wild animals.
“Wolves are part of the food web in the ecosystem, and as people continue to feed them, their habits will change, which will disrupt their role in the ecosystem and affect the stability of the ecosystem,” said Qi Xinzhang, deputy head of the Xining Wildlife Park in the province.
Although wolves sit near the top of the food web, their kill rate is only 14 percent. They don't eat every day. Instead, they live a life of feast or famine, and hunger is their norm.
So far, some parts of the country have enacted laws and regulations prohibiting the feeding of wild animals. Shanghai municipal government implemented regulations on October 1 this year, prohibiting the feeding of wild animals. On October 16, a newly revised wildlife protection law in southwest China's Sichuan Province made it clear that feeding and driving away wild animals are prohibited while observing and photographing them.
12. Why was the wolf kicked out of the wolf pack
A. His old age. B. His skinny body.
C. His poor hunting ability. D. His popularity on the Internet.
13. Why shouldn't tourists feed wild animals
A. Because wild animal may attack humans.
B. Because wild animals don't like the food.
C. Because wild animals don't have to eat everyday.
D. Because feeding wild animals will affect the ecosystem.
14. What do we know about wolves from this passage
A. They live like dogs. B. They can always find something to eat.
C. They are at the bottom of food chain. D. They don't often succeed in hunting.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. People are taking actions to protect wild animals.
B. People shouldn't observe and photograph wild animals.
C. Laws are newly introduced to protect wild animals recently.
D. People can feed wild animals outside Shanghai and Sichuan.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We watch our salt and fat intake to protect our hearts. We exercise and take calcium to protect our bones. We use sunscreen to protect our skin. ___16___ Actually there are quite a lot! Here are some suggestions from experts about what lifestyle people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.
___17___
Although there's no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes, staring at a screen can leave eyes tired. The National Institutes of Health recommends taking a break every 20 minutes to look at something about 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Eat for your eyes
Research shows that foods rich in vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids are linked to lower risk for age-related eye problems. For omega-3 fatty acids, look for fish like salmon, tuna and halibut. ___18___ For lots of vitamin C, grab citrus, strawberries, tomatoes, red and green peppers, and broccoli. For vitamin E, choose peanuts, almonds, sunflower seeds, avocado, pumpkin and asparagus. For zinc, good sources are beef, fortified cereals and especially oysters.
Stop those bad habits
Smoking isn't just bad for your lungs; it can harm eyes too. Smoking is terrible. It causes dry eye disease and correlates with severe other problems. Also, try not to rub your eyes. Rubbing makes inflammation worse. ___19___
Check up regularly
Don't forget to see an eye specialist for a checkup. ___20___ And the truth is, the earlier you find these problems, the better you get them treated. For most people, unless there are noticeable problems, regular eye check-ups on the basis of at least every two years are recommended by the doctors.
A. Take a break from screens
B. Not all eye problems are noticeable.
C. But what can we do to protect our eyes
D. The more you rub, the more uncomfortable your eyes will get.
E. If you still feel your eyes are dry or getting tired, use eye drops.
F. For lutein and zeaxanthin, eat dark leafy greens like spinach, kale and collard greens.
G. For more information on how to protect and care for your eyes, visitthewebsiteeyesmart.org.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给出的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
With her paddle slicing through the water swiftly, 37-year-old Chinese canoeist (皮筏艇运动员) Xie Maosan enjoyed a significant lead in the women’s KLI canoe final and won the first gold medal of the 4th Asian Para Games on Monday.
Born to a rural family in Anhui Province in 1986 and afflicted by Poliomyelitis (小儿麻痹症), Xie couldn’t ___21___ before the age of 10. Throughout her childhood, as she recalled, the ___22___ stares of relatives and mockery from classmates made her more determined to ___23___ herself.
In her teens, with the ___24___ and understanding of her mother, Xie decided to master a craft to ___25___. She packed up her belongings, went to the county to learn tailoring for three years, and then became a tailor. Later, she went to Shanghai to learn CAD pattern-making.
“Regardless of the career path I choose, I always push myself ___26___. I want to prove to everyone that we are ___27___ capable,” she shared at the post-race press conference, tears in her eyes.
In 2015, things ___28___ when news reached her of the national team’s ___29___ for canoeing talents. Without hesitation, she ____30____, and at 29, she joined the national canoeing team.
Recalling her initial days, Xie said, “Lacking a foundation in sports, it was truly ____31____ for me at the beginning. I ____32____ into the water multiple times during training. Not knowing how to swim, I almost passed out from choking on water.”
Despite all the hardships, ____33____ to win glory for her country kept Xie going. At the 2020 Tokyo Paralympics, Xie finished fifth in the women’s KL1 canoeing final. “____34____ me, canoeing is a ____35____, as it gave me confidence and a new life,” said Xie.
21. A. walk B. hear C. see D. speak
22 A. warm B. cold C. angry D. kind
23. A. defend B. prove C. improve D. encourage
24. A. concern B. favour C. admission D. support
25. A. make a fortune B. make a difference C. make a living D. make a contribution
26 A. more B. less C. better D. harder
27. A. definitely B. equally C. entirely D. actually
28. A. adopted B. recovered C. changed D. started
29. A. search B. application C. expectation D. research
30. A. left B. challenged C. refused D. volunteered
31. A. easy B. calm C. painful D. awesome
32. A. fell B. jumped C. crashed D. dropped
33. A. capability B. desire C. responsibility D. attitude
34. A. As for B. According to C. Because of D. In addition to
35. A. rebirth B. relief C. recovery D. reward
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Primary school students in Changsha, Hunan province have started to learn the Changsha dialect(方言) in an elective course ___36___ (new) offered by the school this semester.
More than 20 third-grade students from the Affiliated Primary School of Hunan Normal University have signed up ___37___ the course A dozen language ___38___ (professor) at universities are teaching the course.
Apart from listening, speaking, reading and ___39___ (write), students will also gain knowledge about the culture behind the dialect, according to Luo Xinru, a Chinese language professor at Hunan Normal University and one of the teachers of the course.
The Ministry of Education ___40___ (start) the National Language Resource Protection Project in 2015 to protect its language resources. The country has established ___41___ largest language resource database in the world, according to the ministry.
“Dialect protection is the future trend and different dialects ___42___ carry diverse culture and value should not and will not disappear,” she said,
Dialect is a valuable language resource and should ___43___ (protect). “We do not expect all children ___44___ (take) the course to learn perfect Changsha dialect, ____45____ they should understand the importance of different dialects and perhaps be willing to div e into the research and protection of them as they grow older.”
第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，你校的国际交换生 Frank 请你推荐一份能够帮助他提升中文能力的杂志。请你写一封电子邮件，向他推荐《读者》杂志。内容包括：
1. 内容丰富，受众广泛；
2. 易于购买，便于学习。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Frank,
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Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was born into a “running family”. I lost count of how many marathons(马拉松) my dad has participated in, and I'm pretty sure my mom travels by foot more than she does by vehicle. My brother. Mike, has followed in their footsteps by running when he can, and competes in at least 4 races throughout the year. Unlike him, I didn't naturally fall into the running life: I put up a fight.
“Running is the best thing for you, I don't know how people can dislike it,” my dad questioned during many dinner conversations in grade school.
“You would be a fool not to join the track team Colleen,” my mom suggested in her serious voice.
“Of course I will,” I replied while rolling my eyes. “What could be funner than running ”
Then I began to spend the long winter months waking up each morning with the sun and birds. Each day began like the previous one: sneakers, headphones, and stretching. The fresh air filled my lungs as Iran out the front door, greeted by the empty streets and sidewalks. The world became my very own training ground. As my knees pounded against the track, I found peace in the growing sun.
Soon I found myself agreeing with my parents and laughing at the idea of once disagreeing with them. Actually, running in the morning has become my favorite part of day.
The time had come that my dad finally asked the big question. The question I had been nervous about for a while. “So, the marathon is in November. What are you thinking ”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I was not sure if I was ready for this.
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The day of the marathon finally arrived.
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