(共22张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 2
Grammar & Vocabulary
新 课 导 入
Watch a short music video.
2. You're the one who set it up.
3. I'm the one who‘s feeling lost right now.
4. Now you want me to forget every little thing (that) you said.
Love is one big illusion (that) I should try to forget.
That’s Why You Go Away
爱是一种假象，我应该试图去忘记它。
你就是让我产生爱的那个人。
此时此刻我是感到迷茫那个人。
你要我忘记你说的任何事情。
定语从句
1.了解限制性定语从句的结构和表意功能，掌握关系代词的用法，并能够在真实语境中运用；
2.掌握并能够恰当地使用描述朋友行为和品质的词汇描述朋友，讨论朋友的行为和品质。
课 堂 学 习
1.Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
1. What does “that” refer to in sentence(a)
2. What does “who” refer to in sentence(b)
a We can… stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests…
Attributive Clause(1)
a. We can ... stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
b. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests ...
关系代词
作宾语
关系代词
作主语
“That” refers to “the people” in sentence (a)
“Who” refers to “people” in sentence (b)
2.Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
c We can...stay in touch with people. We want to remain friends with them.
d The digital age also enables us to find people. These people share our interests…
Sentences (a) and (b) both contain a clause defining (定义) a noun in each sentence. Sentences (c) and (d) are each constructed with a pair of simple sentences, with one defining a noun that appears in the other sentence in each pair.
3. What is the difference between the two groups of sentences
a We can… stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests…
4.Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (b) in the reading passage
c We can...stay in touch with people. We want to remain friends with them.
d The digital age also enables us to find people. These people share our interests…
a We can… stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
b The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests…
Because there is a closer link and connection between “people” and the clause defining it in sentences (a) and (b). It also makes the passage clearer, and creates an emphatic(强调的) effect on the people or things being defined.
Now look for more sentences with attributive clauses in the reading passage!
1. What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered
2. ... and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with.
3. The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, ...
4. People tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
关系代词
作宾语
关系代词
作主语
关系代词
作主语
关系代词
作主语
People tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
先行词
定语从句放在所修饰的名词后，作定语
关系词
定语从句
1. 先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2. 关系词：关系代词和关系副词
连接作用，连接主句和定语从句
指代作用，指代先行词
在句子中充当成分
3. 定语从句：在复合句中起定语作用、修饰句中名词或代词的从句。
Attributive Clause
What words are used to introduce attributive clauses
What do they refer to
关系代词 指代的先行词 充当从句的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语
whose 人的或物的 定语
① who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
The man (who) I talked with is our teacher.
A person who steals things is called a thief.
② whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。
The man (whom) I nodded to is Mr. Li.
③ which 指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.
④ that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is the man (that) I told you about.
⑤ whose指人或物, 在定语从句中作定语。不可省略。
We live in a house whose windows face south.
This is the little girl whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
2 Rewrite the underlined sentences with that, which, who, whom or whose.
1.Lucy is my friend who/that has a hearing problem.
2.So I learnt a new language which/that allows me to “speak” with my hands.
3.Lucy is a smart girl whose ideas are always inspiring.
4.I sometimes have problems (that/which) I can’t solve.
5.Lucy is a good listener (whom/who/that) I enjoy sharing moments of my life with.
that/which
whose
who/that
which/that
whom/who
3 Complete the online forum post with that, which, who, whom or whose.
Keywords of friendship
Like any good soup，
this won’t fail to make you smile when you’re feeling down.
All you need to get started is a box of love.
Pour it into a pot and mix it with five grams of smiles.
Next, add:
two cups of trust,
one spoon of encouragement,
three spoons of helpfulness,
three cups of good conversation,
one pack of similar interests,
one glass of comfort,
two drops of patience,
one bag of passion,
one piece of generosity,
… and a slice of humour!
4 Read the recipe and work out the meaning of the words in bold.
5 Match the words in bold in Activity 4 to the dictionary entries.
generosity
trust
passion
helpfulness
comfort
humour
encouragement
patience
6 Work in pairs. Talk about the keywords of your “Friendship soup” and create your own e up with more words if you can.
Friendship soup
A
ambition (抱负)
attraction(爱慕)
ability(能力)
Bravery(勇敢的行为)
C
carefulness（细心）
confidence(信心)
cooperation (协作)
creativity (创造力)
D
duty
(责任)
dedication(奉献)
diligence (勤勉)
discipline (纪律)
Energy
(活力)
F, I ,M
frankness(直率)
independence(独立)
modesty(谦逊)
Attributive clause
掌握定语从句的结构和功能
掌握关系代词的用法
学会在语境中使用定语从句
定语从句
关系词
先行词
关系代词(共19张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
新 课 导 入
1.What happened in the short story “After Twenty Years”？
Bob and Jimmy were friends and made a deal to meet each other 20 years later. On that day, they both came, but Bob was found to be a criminal and his old friend, Jimmy, a policeman, had him arrested.
Revision
课 堂 学 习
5.Read Bob's story after he was released from jail and answer the questions.
Writing an ending to a story
1 How did Bob feel when he finally got out of jail
Bob felt lost and helpless.
2 What kind of ending is this More than one description may be suitable.
A happy ending.
A sad ending.
A surprise ending.
An open ending.
√
√
3 Do you like this ending Give your reasons.
Yes. This ending is quite unexpected, but understandable and logical. We can see Jimmy’s care for his old friend and sense their deep friendship, which is touching and appealing.
6 Read the ending in Activity 5 again. Find the expressions that describe:
settings
characters
actions
Expressions describing…
out of jail, cold wind, cold, dark night
now 58, lost and helpless, a young man,
a familiar-looking man in his thirties, doubtfully
stepping out of, smiled bitterly, heard, turned around, was surprised to find, replied, unfolded, shaking, finished reading, shouted in surprise, smiled
7 Come up with your own ending to Jimmy and Bob's story, twenty years after Bob was arrested. Answer the questions to help you.
1.What type of ending will it be
2.Do you want to introduce other characters in the ending If so, who are they
3.Where will the ending take place
4.What has happened to Bob and Jimmy over the past twenty years
5.How will the story end
8 Write your own ending. And share your ending with the class.
When Bob was stepping out of jail, he felt lonely and forgotten by the world. He sat on the bench because no place to go.
“Excuse me, are you Bob ” A young man in his twenties walked up to Bob. “Yes, and you are…”Bob looked up and was surprising to find the man has curly brown hair and like himself, Bob fell tears. “Sam ” he stood up asked doubtfully.
“Yes, dad. I waited this day for 20 years.” They hugged each other tightly.
“How were you all these years, son I’m sorry…” Bob said bitterly.
“Don’t worry, dad. I finished college and got a good job. Uncle Jimmy supported me.” “Jimmy ” Bob shouted in surprise.
“Yes, he passed away last year, but he was always worried about you. He said you’re his best buddy.”
To bring your story to life, describe the settings and characters.
Settings: time, location and descriptions of the environment or surroundings help your readers picture the scene. For example,The street was long and dark, and there was no one around...
Characters: introducing characters means describing both appearance and personality.
For example, He was a tall man with curly brown hair. She always seemed happy and friendly. Characters’ actions, or their behaviours, not only tell your readers what kind of people they are, but also drive the plot forward and create a particular atmosphere.
Learning to learn
Presenting ideas
1 Read the two points of view about friendship. Decide which one you agree with.
2 Think of reasons to support your opinion and make notes.
3 Team up with a group with the opposite opinion and hold a debate. Use the expressions in the following to help you.
The process of a debate
Ⅰ.The First Stage (Present the view)
(1)Argument: The first defender of both sides
present their views.They will be allowed 2 minutes each.
(2)Argument: (Present the view further)
The second defender of both sides present their views in 2 minutes.
Ⅱ.The Second Stage (Questioning)
(1)The third defender of the For Side asks a question, any defender of the Against Side answers the question (only one person).
(2) The third defender of the Against Side asks a question, any defender of the For Side answers the question (only one person).
(3) One minute for asking, two minutes for answering.
Ⅲ.The Third Stage (Free debate-5 minutes)
Both sides make a statement in turn 5 minutes in all.
Ⅳ.The Fourth Stage (Conclusion-2 minutes per team)
(The first defenders of both sides make conclusions in 4 minutes .)
Reflection
1. After completing this unit, I can rate my performance 1(excellent), 2(good) or 3(in need of improvement).
□ talk about friendship
□ make suggestions using less direct language
□ write an ending to a story
□ give your point of view with logical reasoning and supporting facts
□ appreciate and understand the values of friendship
2. I’ve learnt to make use of the following words and expressions:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. I still need to improve:
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1.Learning to write an ending to a story should organise the settings,characters,actions properly.
2.Get to know the process and ways of a debate.(共24张PPT)
外研 必修第一册
Unit 4
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas
( 英语 )
ENGLISH
新 课 导 入
Auld Lang Syne（友谊地久天长）
课 堂 学 习
1 Listen and read the poem.Answer the questions.
Starting out
What is the poem about
Who would you send this poem to and why
Tell the class about him/her.
Friendship
Now answer the questions.
Which poem is mentioned in the video
What idea does the poem mainly express
2 Watch the video in the Lead in and answer the questions.
Auld Lang Syne is mentioned in the video.
It mainly reminds people to remember and value old friendships.
赠汪伦
李白乘舟将欲行，
忽闻岸上踏歌声。
桃花潭水深千尺，
不及汪伦送我情。
3.What other poems do you know on the same topic
Understanding ideas
1.Look at the questions about friendship and tick your answers.
1 How do you prefer to make friends
□Joining a club to meet people who share the same interests.
□ Using a social app.
□ Through other friends.
□ Posting a “friends wanted” notice online.
□ Taking part in community activities.
2 How do you prefer to communicate with friends every day
□ Talking face to face.
□ Using social networking apps.
□ Writing letters.
□ Writing emails.
□ Telephoning each other.
3 How do you stay in touch with faraway friends
□ Using social networking apps.
□ Writing letters.
□ Writing emails.
□ Telephoning.
□ Visiting friends whenever possible.
2. Find out the most popular answers in your group. Share your group's result with the class.
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends
What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered This was how things worked not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly.
Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. All you need is a wi-fi connection.
2 Read the passage and find out the author’s opinions about online friendship.
The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument.Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you "friend" people online, does this mean that they really are your friends
It depends.
If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.
On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. But smiling photos can hide real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with criminals.
But this doesn't mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
To prove that making friends was easier in the past.
To illustrate how it is better to make friends online.
To persuade people to abandon traditional ways of making friends.
To discuss the advantages and disadvantages of making friends online.
3 Choose the author's purpose in writing the passage.
4 Complete the diagrams with expressions from the passage.
People lost track of their friends after 1___________________.
The only way to stay in touch was 2_____________.
It’s easy to 3___________________
with social media tools.
Online, people can easily
make new friends with those
who 4_________________.
Past
Present
maintain friendships
writing letters
share their interests
moving to a new town
Ways of making friends
It can be real if people
5_________________
__________ online.
It might not be real because
social media doesn’t present
6______________________, and people tend to 7_____________________.
exchange true personal information
Online friendship: real or not
post only positive updates
the whole truth about a person
Think Share
Why does the author say “But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater” Do you know of any similar sayings in Chinese
Do you prefer to make friends online Why
1. Why does the author say “But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater” Do you know of any similar sayings in Chinese
Because there are both advantages and disadvantages to online friendships, and the author wants to remind us to treat them rationally and wisely.
Similar saying in Chinese: 因噎废食. It literally means to stop eating for fear of choking. It’s used as a metaphor of the action of stopping doing something for fear of its disadvantages.
2. Do you prefer to make friends online Why
I think different people have different opinions. Some people are for it, because clicking for a friend enables us to find people who share our interests, and it is really interesting. While other people are against it, because there are a lot of risks. Anyway, if we make friends online, we should be cautious.
Language points
1. prefer v.更喜欢； 选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)
(1)prefer to do/doing...更喜欢做……
prefer sb.to do...喜欢让某人做……
prefer sth./doing...to sth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……
prefer to do...rather than do...宁可做……也不做……
(2)have a preference for...偏爱……
(3)would rather do...than do...
＝would do...rather than do...宁愿做……而不愿做……
(1)With this experience，they will certainly prefer to help others in the future just like the laundrywoman has done.
有了这样的经历，他们在将来一定会像这位洗衣女工一样去帮助别人。
(2)They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there.
与郊区比起来，他们更喜欢城市，因为他们的工作在那儿。
(3)I prefer you not to go there alone.
我倒更愿意你不单独前往。
2. advance v.促进；前进；预支；提前；n.前进；进步
(1)advance on/towards sb./sth.向某人/物前进
(2)in advance预先；事先；预付
in advance of 在……前头
make an advance/advances 取得进步
(3)advanced adj.先进的；高级的；深奥的
(1)Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in.
只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。
(2)He came well in advance of the rest of the group.
他比组里其他人来得早。
(3)Science has made great advances in the last fifty years.
在过去50年里科学进步得很快。
After learning the poem in the Starting out,we have a better understanding about English poems’ elements.And we also discussed the advantages and disadvantages of making friends online.By doing so,we can make friends online more wisely.(共12张PPT)
Unit 4
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
新 课 导 入
Have you ever met a problem that came up between you and your friends Give an example.
What did you do when that happened
课 堂 学 习
◎The word “friend” comes from the Old English word “freond”, meaning “the loved one”.
◎According to a study from Yale University and the University of California at San Diego in 2014, good friends are often genetically similar. In fact, good friends can share up to 1% of the same genes—as much as we might share with our great-great-great grandparents!
Helping our friends
Did you know
Read the six sentences of activity 7, and predict what happened among these three friends.
Andy and Clara thought about postponing their trip.
Matt broke his leg.
Andy and Clara agreed on a plan.
Matt called Clara.
Andy, Clara and Matt decided to go to London.
Andy and Clara made a cardboard version of Matt.
7 Listen to the conversation and number the events in the correct order.
Andy and Clara thought about postponing their trip.
Matt broke his leg.
Andy and Clara agreed on a plan.
Matt called Clara.
Andy, Clara and Matt decided to go to London.
Andy and Clara made a cardboard version of Matt.
4
2
5
3
1
6
8 Listen again and complete the table.
Suggestion Comment
We could send him 1_________of the places we visit. That might make him 2_______________.
How about sending him 3____________ from every place we visit They may 4 _________ to arrive.
How about having a(n) 5_________with him at different places They aren’t 6_________in some places.
We can print Matt’s photo on a 7_________ cardboard cutout and take photos with it everywhere we go. It will feel like he’s there with us and Matt will 8_______at the photos.
photos
feel even worse
funny postcards
take days
video chat
allowed
life-sized
laugh
Learning to learn
When you make a suggestion, use less direct language than you would to make a statement or give an order. This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice. For example, you can begin with expressions such as Why don’t we … How about… or use a past tense to distance yourself from the suggestion: I was wondering whether…
Now talk about how Andy and Clara give suggestions.
Useful expressions
1. Why don’t we wait until he’s better
2. Let’s think about ways to cheer him up.
3. We could send him photos of the places we visit.
4. How about sending him funny postcards from every place we visit
5. Why don’t we take Matt with us
6. We can print Matt’s photo on a life-sized cardboard cutout.
9 Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to solve a problem between friends.
Student A
One of your friends has been avoiding you all week. He/She doesn’t talk to you and refuses to text or phone you back. Ask Student B for suggestions and give comments on them.
Useful expressions
Can you help me with...
I’d like your advice about...
What can I do to...
Do you think I should...
Maybe, but...
That might work.
Student B
Student A has a problem and needs your help. Find out what the problem is and give him/her some suggestions as to how to solve it.
Useful expressions
You should...
How about...
Perhaps you could...
It might be a good/bad idea to...
Why don’t you...
10 Work in pairs. Think about a problem that has come up between you and your friends and have a similar conversation.
Situation 1:
Your best friend, Peter, has been transferred to a new school. He feels very upset, because he can’t adapt himself to the new class quickly.
Situation 2:
Your good friend, Grace, has always been in bad mood recently. She tends to lose her temper easily, which has affected her normal study and life.
1. Learn something about “friend”.
2. Learn how to give suggestions properly by using “Why don’t we … How about… ”...
