2015高考试题——英语(江苏卷)解析版

绝密★启用前
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
本试题卷共16页，81题。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。
第一部分
听力(共两节,满分
20
分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共
5
小题;每小题
1
分,满分
5
分)
听下面
5
段对话。
每段对话后有一个
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)小题,从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有
10
秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:
How
much
is
the
shirt?
A.
19.15.
B.
9.18.
C.
9.15.
答案是
C。
1.
What
time
is
it
now?
A.
910.
B.
950.
C.
1000.
2.
What
does
the
woman
think
of
the
weather?
A.
It’s
nice.
B.
It’s
warm.
C.
It’s
cold.
3.
What
will
the
man
do?
A.
Attend
a
meeting.
B.
Give
a
lecture.
C.
Leave
his
office.
4.
What
is
the
woman’s
opinion
about
the
course?
A.
Too
hard.
B.
Worth
taking.
C.
Very
easy.
5.
What
does
the
woman
want
the
man
to
do?
A.
Speak
louder.
B.
Apologize
to
her.
C.
Turn
off
the
radio.
第二节
(共
15
小题;每小题
1
分,满分
15
分)
听下面5
段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)有几个小题,从题中所给的
A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题
5
秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出
5
秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第
6
段材料,回答第
6、7
题。
6.
How
long
did
Michael
stay
in
China?
A.
Five
days.
B.
One
week.
C.
Two
weeks.
7.
Where
did
Michael
go
last
year?
A.
Russia.
B.
Norway.
C.
India.
听第
7
段材料,回答第
8、9
题。
8.
What
food
does
Sally
like?
A.
Chicken.
B.
Fish.
C.
Eggs.
9.
What
are
the
speakers
going
to
do?
A.
Cook
dinner.
B.
Go
shopping.
C.
Order
dishes.
听第
8
段材料,回答第
10
至
12
题。
10.
Where
are
the
speakers?
A.
In
a
hospital.
B.
In
the
office.
C.
At
home.
11.
When
is
the
report
due?
A.
Thursday.
B.
Friday.
C.
Next
Monday.
12.
What
does
George
suggest
Stephanie
do
with
the
report?
A.
Improve
it
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).
B.
Hand
it
in
later.
C.
Leave
it
with
him.
听第
9
段材料,回答第
13
至
16
题。
13.
What
is
the
probable
relationship
between
the
speakers?
A.
Salesperson
and
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)customer.
B.
Homeowner
and
cleaner.
C.
Husband
and
wife.
14.
What
kind
of
apartment
do
the
speakers
prefer?
A.
One
with
two
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)edrooms.
B.
One
without
furniture.
C.
One
near
a
market.
15.
How
much
rent
should
one
pay
for
the
one
bedroom
apartment?
A.
＄350.
B.
＄400.
C.
＄415.
16.
Where
is
the
apartment
the
speakers
would
like
to
see?
A.
On
Lake
Street
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?).
B.
On
Market
Street.
C.
On
South
Street.
听第
10
段材料,回答第
17
至
20
题。
17.
What
percentage
of
the
world’s
tea
exports
go
to
Britain?
A.
Almost
15%.
B.
About
30%.
C.
Over
40%.
18.
Why
do
tea
tasters
taste
tea
with
milk?
A.
Most
British
people
drink
tea
that
way.
B.
Tea
tastes
much
bet
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ter
with
milk.
C.
Tea
with
milk
is
healthy.
19.
Who
suggests
a
price
for
each
tea?
A.
Tea
taster
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s.
B.
Tea
exporters.
C.
Tea
companies.
20.
What
is
the
speaker
talking
about?
A.
The
life
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)of
tea
tasters.
B.
Afternoon
tea
in
Britain.
C.
The
London
Tea
Trade
Centre.
【答案】1-5
ACABC
6-10
BABCB
11-15
ABCAB
16-20
CBAAC
第二部分:
英语知识运用
(共两节,
满分
35
分)
第一节:
单项填空
(共
15
小题;
每小题
1
分,
满分
15
分)
请阅读下面各题,
从题中所给的
A、
B、
C、
D
四个选项中,
选出最佳选项,
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:
It
is
generally
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)considered
unwise
to
give
a
child
_____
he
or
she
wants.
A.
however
B.
whatever
C.
whichever
D.
whenever
答案是
B。
21.The
number
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)smokers,
_____
is
reported,
has
dropped
by
17
percent
in
just
one
year.
A.
it
B.
which
C.
what
D.
as
【答案】D
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：定语从句
22.Schools
should
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
be
lively
places
where
individuals
are
encouraged
to
_____
to
their
greatest
potential.
A.
accelerate
B.
improve
C.
perform
D.
develop
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展潜能的地方。A项“加速，加快”；B项“改善，提高”；C项“表现”；D项“发展”。故选D项。
考点：动词词义辨析
23.—Jim,
can
you
work
this
Sunday?
—________?
I’ve
been
working
for
two
weeks
on
end.
A.
Why
me
B.
Why
not
C.
What
if
D.
So
what
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—Jim，周末你能加班
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)吗？—为什么是我？我连续工作两周了。A项“为什么是我？”；B项“为什么不呢?”；C项“要是……会怎样?”；D项“那又怎么样?”。只有A项符合语境。故选A项。
考点：交际用语
24.Much
time
_____
sitting
at
a
desk,
office
workers
are
generally
troubled
by
health
problems.
A.
being
spent
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
having
spent
C.
spent
D.
spending
【答案】C
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：独立主格结构
25._____
Li
Bai,
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)great
Chinese
poet,
was
born
is
known
to
the
public,
but
some
won’t
accept
it.
A.
That
B.
Why
C.
Where
D.
How
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，a
great
Chinese
poet做Li
Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。
考点：名词性从句
26.It
is
so
cold
tha
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)t
you
can’t
go
outside
_____
fully
covered
in
thick
clothes.
A.
if
B.
unless
C.
once
D.
when
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：外面太冷了，你不要出
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)去，除非用厚衣服完全裹起来。A项“如果”；B项“除非”；C项“一旦”；D项“当……时候”。“unless
fully
covered”为“连词+省略结构”，补充完整为“unless
you
are”。故选B项。
考点：连词辨析
27.The
university
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tarted
some
new
language
programs
to
_____
the
country’s
Silk
Road
Economic
Belt.
A.
apply
to
B.
cater
for
C.
appeal
to
D.
hunt
for
【答案】B
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：动词短语辨析
28.
It
might
have
saved
me
some
trouble
______
the
schedule.
A.
did
I
know
B.
have
I
known
C.
do
I
know
D.
had
I
known
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果我早知道日程安排
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)，可能会省去我一些麻烦。根据题干中might
have
saved可知主句是对过去的虚拟，从句应用if
I
had
known与主句保持一致。if虚拟条件句中含有had时，可将if省去，同时将had提前构成倒装结构。故选D项。
考点：虚拟语气
29.The
whole
team
_
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)____
Cristiano
Ronaldo,
and
he
seldom
lets
them
down.
A.
wait
on
B.
focus
on
C.
count
on
D.
call
on
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：全队都指望克
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)里斯蒂亚诺·罗纳尔多，他从未让他们失望。A项“服侍，等待”；B项“集中（注意力）于”；C项“指望”；D项“呼吁，拜访”。故选C项。
考点：动词短语辨析
30.The
real
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eason
why
prices
____
,
and
still
are,
too
high
is
complex,
and
no
short
discussion
can
satisfactorily
explain
this
problem.
A.
were
B.
will
be
C.
have
been
D.
had
been
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：过去和现在价格一直居高不下的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)真正原因很复杂，简短的讨论解释这一问题无法让人满意。根据题干中“and
still
are”的提示可知过去价格也居高不下，故用一般过去时，表示过去的状态。故选A项。
考点：时态
31.The
police
officers
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
decided
to
conduct
a
thorough
and
_______
review
of
the
case.
A.
comprehensive
B.
complicated
C.
conscious
D.
crucial
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：警官决定对这
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。A项“综合的，全面的，有理解力的”；B项“复杂的”；C项“有意识的”；D项“至关重要的”。故选A项。
考点：形容词词义辨析
32.Some
schools
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)will
have
to
make
______
in
agreement
with
the
national
soccer
reform.
A.
judgments
B.
adjustments
C.
comments
D.
achievements
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：为了与国家的足球改革相
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)适应，一些学校必须做出调整。A项“判断，决断”；B项“调整”；C项“评价，评论”；D项“成就”。故选B项。
考点：名词词义辨析
33.—Why
didn’t
you
invite
John
to
your
birthday
party?
—Well,
you
know
he’s
_______
.
A.
an
early
bird
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
B.
a
wet
blanket
C.
a
lucky
dog
D.
a
tough
nut
【答案】B
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：英语俗语
34.Many
of
the
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)hings
we
now
benefit
from
would
not
be
around
_______
Thomas
Edison.
A.
thanks
to
B.
regardless
of
C.
aside
from
D.
but
for
【答案】D
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：介词短语辨析
35.—Go
and
say
sorry
to
your
Mom,
Dave.
—I’d
like
to,
but
I’m
afraid
she
won’t
be
happy
with
my
______
.
A.
requests
B.
excuses
C.
apologies
D.
regrets
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—Dave，去跟你的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)妈妈道歉。—我想这样做，但是我担心她对我的道歉不满意。A项“请求”；B项“借口”；C项“道歉”；D项“遗憾，后悔”。故选C项。
考点：名词词义辨析
第二节:
完形填空
(共
20
小题;
每小题
1
分,
满分
20
分)
请阅读下面短文,
从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中,
选出最佳选项,
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I
was
required
to
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ead
one
of
Bernie
Siegel’s
books
in
college
and
was
hooked
on
his
positivity
from
that
moment
on.
The
stories
of
his
unconventional
36
and
the
exceptional
patients
he
wrote
about
were
so
37
to
me
and
had
such
a
big
38
on
how
I
saw
life
from
then
on.
Who
knew
that
so
many
years
later
I
would
look
to
Dr.
Bernie
and
his
CDs
again
to
39
my
own
cancer
experience?
I’m
an
ambit
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ious
40,
and
when
I
started
going
through
chemo
(化疗)
,
even
though
I’m
a
very
41
person,
I
lost
my
drive
to
write.
I
was
just
too
tired
and
not
in
the
42
.
One
day,
while
waiting
to
go
in
for
43
,
I
had
one
of
Dr.
Bernie’s
books
in
my
hand.
Another
patient
44
what
I
was
reading
and
struck
up
a
conversation
with
me
45
he
had
one
of
his
books
with
him
as
well.
It
46
that
among
other
things,
he
was
an
eighty-year-old
writer.
He
was47
a
published
author,
and
he
was
currently
48
on
a
new
book.
We
would
see
each
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
other
at
various
times
and
49
friends.
Sometimes
he
wore
a
duck
hat,
and
I
would
tell
myself,
he
was
definitely
a(n)
50
of
Dr.
Bernie.
He
really
put
a
51
on
my
face.
He
unfortunately
52
last
year
due
to
his
cancer,
53
he
left
a
deep
impression
on
me
and
gave
me
the
54
to
pick
up
my
pen
again.
I
55
to
myself,
“If
he
can
do
it,
then
so
can
I.”
36.
A.
tastes
B.
ideas
C.
notes
D.
memories
37.
A.
amazing
B.
shocking
C.
amusing
D.
strange
38.
A.
strike
B.
push
C.
challenge
D.
impact
39.
A.
learn
from
B.
go
over
C.
get
through
D.
refer
to
40.
A.
reader
B.
writer
C.
editor
D.
doctor
41.
A.
positive
B.
agreeable
C.
humorous
D.
honest
42.
A.
mood
B.
position
C.
state
D.
way
43.
A.
advice
B.
reference
C.
protection
D.
treatment
44.
A.
viewed
B.
knew
C.
noticed
D.
wondered
45.
A.
while
B.
because
C.
although
D.
providing
46.
A.
came
out
B.
worked
out
C.
proved
out
D.
turned
out
47.
A.
naturally
B.
merely
C.
hopefully
D.
actually
48.
A.
deciding
B.
investing
C.
working
D.
relying
49.
A.
became
B.
helped
C.
missed
D.
visited
50.
A.
patient
B.
operator
C.
fan
D.
publisher
51.
A.
sign
B.
smile
C.
mark
D.
mask
52.
A.
showed
up
B.
set
off
C.
fell
down
D.
passed
away
53.
A.
since
B.
but
C.
so
D.
for
54.
A.
guidance
B.
trust
C.
opportunity
D.
inspiration
55.
A.
promised
B.
swore
C.
thought
D.
replied
【答案】
36.
B
37.
A
38.
D
39.
C
40.
B
41.
A
42.
A
43.
D
44.
C
45.
B
46.
D
47.
D
48.
C
49.
A
50.
C
51.
B
52.
D
53.
B
54.
D
55.
C
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
39.C考查动词短语。根
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)据下文可知，作者不幸身患癌症，病痛的折磨使他放弃了写作。但病友的执着和Bernie
Siegel积极的人生观让自己又重新拾起纸笔，渡过了这段艰难时期。A项“从……中获取经验，汲取教训”；B项“复习，仔细检查”；C项“渡过难关”；D项“提到，涉及，参考”。故选C项。
40.B考查名词。根据下文中“…,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
I
lost
my
drive
to
write”可知，作者是一名抱负的作家。A项“读者”；B项“作家”；C项“编辑”；D项“医生”。故选B项。
41.A考查形容词。句意：尽管我
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)是一个积极的人，还是失去了写作的动力。a
positive
person与lost
my
drive
to
write构成让步关系，且与上文positivity呼应。
A项“积极的”；B项“称心如意的”；C项“幽默的”；D项“诚实的”。故选A项。
42.A考查名词。句意：我就是感觉
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)太累，没有心情去写。in
the
mood意为“没有心情去做事”。A项“心情”；B项“位置，职位”；C项“状态”；D项“方式”。故选A项。
43.D考查名词。句意：一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)天，当我在等待治疗时，手里拿着Bernie的一本书。A项“建议”；B项“提及，参考”；C项“保护”；D项“治疗”。故选D项。44.C考查动词。句意：另外一
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)个病人注意到我在读些什么，主动跟我攀谈起来。A项
“认为”；B项“知道，了解”；C项
“（无意中）注意到”；D项
“想知道”。故选C项。
45.B考查连词。句意：该空后是他主动和我攀
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)谈的原因：他身上也有一本Bernie的书。A项表示时间或轻微转折；B项表示原因；C项表示让步；D项表示条件。故选B项。
46.D考查动词短语。除此之外，他是
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)一位八十岁的作家。A项
“出现，出版”；B项“锻炼，解决，制定”；C项“证明是合适的，令人满意的”；D项“证明是，结果是”。it
turned
out
that是固定搭配，意为“结果是……，结果证明……”故选D项。
47.D考查副词。句意：
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)事实上，他是一位撰稿人，目前在写一本新书。A项
“自然地”；B项“仅仅”；C项“有希望地”；D项“事实上”。故选D项。
48.C考查动词搭配。根
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)据句意可知，他目前在写一本新书。A项
decide
on“决定，确定”；B项invest
on“投资，花时间在……上”；C项work
on“从事，忙于”；D项rely
on“依赖，依靠”。故选C项。
49.A考查动词。句意：我们总是在许多时候见到对方，成了朋友。A项
“成为”；B项“帮助”；C项“错过”；D项“拜访”。故选A项。
50.C考查名词。根据句意可知，他的
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)确是Bernie的粉丝。A项
“病人”；B项“操作员，接线员”；C项“粉丝”；D项“出版商”。故选C项。
51.B考查名词。根据句意可知，他的举
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)动感染了我，使我在生活中面带微笑。A项
“标志，迹象，征兆”；B项“微笑”；C项“标记”；D项“面罩”。故选B项。
52.D考查动词短语。句意：他补充说道J
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ason因为不愿说谎没挣到钱。A项
“出现，露面”；B项“出发，动身”；C项“跌倒”；D项“去世（死的委婉表达）”。故选D项。
53.B考查连词。句意：他去年不幸死于癌症，但给我留下了深刻的印象。A项表示时间；B项表示转折；C项表示结果；D项表示原因。故选B项。
54.D考查名词。句意：他激励我重新拾起纸笔。A项
“指导”；B项“信任”；C项“机会”；D项“鼓舞，激励，启发”。故选D项。
55.C考查名词。句意：我对自己说：“
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)如果他能做到，我也能。”A项
“承诺”；B项“郑重发誓”；C项think
to
oneself
“自言自语”；D项“回答”。故选C项。
考点：记叙文阅读
第三部分:
阅读理解
(共
15
小题;
每小题
2
分,
满分
30
分)
请阅读下列短文,
从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D
四个选项中,
选出最佳选项,
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
56.According
to
the
Code,
visitors
should
act
_______
.
A.
with
care
and
respect
B.
with
relief
and
pleasure
C.
with
caution
and
calmness
D.
with
attention
and
observation
57.What
are
you
encouraged
to
do
when
travelling
in
New
Zealand?
A.
Take
your
own
camping
facilities.
B.
Bury
glass
far
away
from
rivers.
C.
Follow
the
track
for
the
sake
of
plants.
D.
Observe
signs
to
approach
nesting
birds.
【答案】
56．A
57．C
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：应用文阅读
B
In
the
United
States
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)lone,
over
100
million
cell-phones
are
thrown
away
each
year.
Cell-phones
are
part
of
a
growing
mountain
of
electronic
waste
like
computers
and
personal
digital
assistants.
The
electronic
waste
stream
is
increasing
three
times
faster
than
traditional
garbage
as
a
whole.
Electronic
devi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ces
contain
valuable
metals
such
as
gold
and
silver.
A
Swiss
study
reported
that
while
the
weight
of
electronic
goods
represented
by
precious
metals
was
relatively
small
in
comparison
to
total
waste,
the
concentration
(含量)
of
gold
and
other
precious
metals
was
higher
in
So-called
e-waste
than
in
naturally
occurring
minerals.Electronic
wastes
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
also
contain
many
poisonous
metals.
Even
when
the
machines
are
recycled
and
the
harmful
metals
removed,
the
recycling
process
often
is
carried
out
in
poor
countries,
in
practically
uncontrolled
ways
which
allow
many
poisonous
substances
to
escape
into
the
environment.
Creating
produ
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)cts
out
of
raw
materials
creates
much
more
waste
material,
up
to
100
times
more,
than
the
material
contained
in
the
finished
products.
Consider
again
the
cell-phone,
and
imagine
the
mines
that
produced
those
metals,
the
factories
needed
to
make
the
box
and
packaging(包装)
it
came
in.
Many
wastes
produced
in
the
producing
process
are
harmful
as
well.
The
U.S.
Environmental
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
Protection
Agency
notes
that
most
waste
is
dangerous
in
that
“the
production,
distribution,
and
use
of
products
—
as
well
as
management
of
the
resulting
waste
—
all
result
in
greenhouse
gas
release.”
Individuals
can
reduce
their
contribution
by
creating
less
waste
at
the
start
—
for
instance,
buying
reusable
products
and
recycling.
In
many
countries
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
concept
of
extended
producer
responsibility
is
being
considered
or
has
been
put
in
place
as
an
incentive
(动机)
for
reducing
waste.
If
producers
are
required
to
take
back
packaging
they
use
to
sell
their
products,
would
they
reduce
the
packaging
in
the
first
place?
Governments’
incentive
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
require
producers
to
take
responsibility
for
the
packaging
they
produce
is
usually
based
on
money.
Why,
they
ask,
should
cities
or
towns
be
responsible
for
paying
to
deal
with
the
bubble
wrap
(气泡垫)
that
encased
your
television?
From
the
govern
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ments’
point
of
view,
a
primary
goal
of
laws
requiring
extended
producer
responsibility
is
to
transfer
both
the
costs
and
the
physical
responsibility
of
waste
management
from
the
government
and
tax-payers
back
to
the
producers.
58.By
mentioning
the
S
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)wiss
study,
the
author
intends
to
tell
us
that
_________
.
A.
the
weight
of
e-goods
is
rather
small
B.
E-waste
deserves
to
be
made
good
use
of
C.
natural
minerals
contain
more
precious
metals
D.
the
percentage
of
precious
metals
is
heavy
in
e-waste
59.The
respon
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)sibility
of
e-waste
treatment
should
be
extended
_________
.
A.
from
producers
to
governments
B.
from
governments
to
producers
C.
from
individuals
to
distributors
D.
from
distributors
to
governments
60.
What
does
the
passage
mainly
talk
about?
A.
The
increase
in
e-waste.
B.
The
creation
of
e-waste.
C.
The
seriousness
of
e-waste.
D.
The
management
of
e-waste.
【答案】
58．B
59．B
60．D
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：科普说明文阅读
C
Suppose
you
b
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ecome
a
leader
in
an
organization.
It’
s
very
likely
that
you’ll
want
to
have
volunteers
to
help
with
the
organization’s
activities.
To
do
so,
it
should
help
to
understand
why
people
undertake
volunteer
work
and
what
keeps
their
interest
in
the
work.
Let’s
begin
with
t
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)he
question
of
why
people
volunteer.
Researchers
have
identified
several
factors
that
motivate
people
to
get
involved.
For
example,
people
volunteer
to
express
personal
values
related
to
unselfishness,
to
expand
their
range
of
experiences,
and
to
strengthen
social
relationships.
If
volunteer
positions
do
not
meet
these
needs,
people
may
not
wish
to
participate.
To
select
volunteers,
you
may
need
to
understand
the
motivations
of
the
people
you
wish
to
attract.
People
also
voluntee
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)r
because
they
are
required
to
do
so.
To
increase
levels
of
community
service,
some
schools
have
launched
compulsory
volunteer
programs.
Unfortunately,
these
programs
can
shift
people’s
wish
of
participation
from
an
internal
factor
(e.g.,
“I
volunteer
because
it’s
important
to
me”)
to
an
external
factor
(e.g.,
“I
volunteer
because
I’m
required
to
do
so”).
When
that
happens,
people
become
less
likely
to
volunteer
in
the
future.
People
must
be
sensitive
to
this
possibility
when
they
make
volunteer
activities
a
must.
Once
people
begin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
to
volunteer,
what
leads
them
to
remain
in
their
positions
over
time?
To
answer
this
question,
researchers
have
conducted
follow-up
studies
in
which
they
track
volunteers
over
time.
For
instance,
one
study
followed
238
volunteers
in
Florida
over
a
year.
One
of
the
most
important
factors
that
influenced
their
satisfaction
as
volunteers
was
the
amount
of
suffering
they
experienced
in
their
volunteer
positions.
Although
this
result
may
not
surprise
you,
it
leads
to
important
practical
advice.
The
researchers
note
that
attention
should
be
given
to
“training
methods
that
would
prepare
volunteers
for
troublesome
situations
or
provide
them
with
strategies
for
coping
with
the
problem
they
do
experience”.
Another
study
of
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)302
volunteers
at
hospitals
in
Chicago
focused
on
individual
differences
in
the
degree
to
which
people
view
“volunteer”
as
an
important
social
role.
It
was
assumed
that
those
people
for
whom
the
role
of
volunteer
was
most
part
of
their
personal
identity
would
also
be
most
likely
to
continue
volunteer
work.
Participants
indicated
the
degree
to
which
the
social
role
mattered
by
responding
to
statements
such
as
“Volunteering
in
Hospital
is
an
important
part
of
who
I
am.”
Consistent
with
the
researchers’
expectations,
they
found
a
positive
correlation
(正相关)
between
the
strength
of
role
identity
and
the
length
of
time
people
continued
to
volunteer.
These
results,
once
again,
lead
to
concrete
advice:
“Once
an
individual
begins
volunteering,
continued
efforts
might
focus
on
developing
a
volunteer
role
identity....
Items
like
T-shirts
that
allow
volunteers
to
be
recognized
publicly
for
their
contributions
can
help
strengthen
role
identity”.
61.People
volunteer
mainly
out
of
______
.
A.
academic
requirements
B.
social
expectations
C.
financial
rewards
D.
internal
needs
62.What
can
we
learn
from
the
Florida
study?
A.
Follow-up
s
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)tudies
should
last
for
one
year.
B.
Volunteers
should
get
mentally
prepared.
C.
Strategy
trai
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ning
is
a
must
in
research.
D.
Volunteers
are
provided
with
concrete
advice.
63.What
is
most
likely
to
motivate
volunteers
to
continue
their
work?
A.
Individual
diff
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)erences
in
role
identity.
B.
Publicly
identifiable
volunteer
T-shirts.
C.
Role
identity
a
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
a
volunteer.
D.
Practical
advice
from
researchers.
64.What
is
the
best
title
of
the
passage?
A.
How
to
Get
Peo
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ple
to
Volunteer
B.
How
to
Study
Volunteer
Behaviors
C.
How
to
Keep
Vol
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)unteers’
Interest
D.
How
to
Organize
Volunteer
Activities
【答案】
61．D
62．B
63．C
64．A
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：议论文阅读
D
Freedom
and
Responsibility
Freedom’s
challen
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ge
in
the
Digital
Age
is
a
serious
topic.
We
are
facing
today
a
strange
new
world
and
we
are
all
wondering
what
we
are
going
to
do
with
it.
Some
2,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)500
years
ago
Greece
discovered
freedom.
Before
that
there
was
no
freedom.
There
were
great
civilizations,
splendid
empires,
but
no
freedom
anywhere.
Egypt
and
Babylon
were
both
tyrannies,
one
very
powerful
man
ruling
over
helpless
masses.
In
Greec
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)e,
in
Athens
(雅典),
a
little
city
in
a
little
country,
there
were
no
helpless
masses.
And
Athenians
willingly
obeyed
the
written
laws
which
they
themselves
passed,
and
the
unwritten,
which
must
be
obeyed
if
free
men
live
together.
They
must
show
each
other
kindness
and
pity
and
the
many
qualities
without
which
life
would
be
very
painful
unless
one
chose
to
live
alone
in
the
desert.The
Athenians
never
thought
that
a
man
was
free
if
he
could
do
what
he
wanted.
A
man
was
free
if
he
was
self-controlled.
To
make
yourself
obey
what
you
approved
was
freedom.
They
were
saved
from
looking
at
their
lives
as
their
own
private
affair.
Each
one
felt
responsible
for
the
welfare
of
Athens,
not
because
it
was
forced
on
him
from
the
outside,
but
because
the
city
was
his
pride
and
his
safety.
The
essential
belief
of
the
first
free
government
in
the
world
was
liberty
for
all
men
who
could
control
themselves
and
would
take
responsibility
for
the
state.
But
discover
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ing
freedom
is
not
like
discovering
computers.
It
cannot
be
discovered
once
for
all.
If
people
do
not
prize
it,
and
work
for
it,
it
will
go.
Constant
watch
is
its
price.
Athens
changed.
It
was
a
change
that
took
place
without
being
noticed
though
it
was
of
the
extreme
importance,
a
spiritual
change
which
affected
the
whole
state.
It
had
been
the
Athenian’
s
pride
and
joy
to
give
to
their
city.
That
they
could
get
material
benefits
from
her
never
entered
their
minds.
There
had
to
be
a
complete
change
of
attitude
before
they
could
look
at
the
city
as
an
employer
who
paid
her
citizens
for
doing
her
work.
Now
instead
of
men
giving
to
the
state,
the
state
was
to
give
to
them.
What
the
people
wanted
was
a
government
which
would
provide
a
comfortable
life
for
them;
and
with
this
as
the
primary
object,
ideas
of
freedom
and
self-reliance
and
responsibility
were
neglected
to
the
point
of
disappearing.
Athens
was
more
and
more
looked
on
as
a
cooperative
business
possessed
of
great
wealth
in
which
all
citizens
had
a
right
to
share.
Athens
reache
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)d
the
point
when
the
freedom
she
really
wanted
was
freedom
from
responsibility.
There
could
be
only
one
result.
If
men
insisted
on
being
free
from
the
burden
of
self-dependence
and
responsibility
for
the
common
good,
they
would
cease
to
be
free.
Responsibility
is
the
price
every
man
must
pay
for
freedom.
It
is
to
be
had
on
no
other
terms.
Athens,
the
Athens
of
Ancient
Greece,
refused
responsibility;
she
reached
the
end
of
freedom
and
was
never
to
have
it
again.
But,
“the
exce
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)llent
becomes
the
permanent”,
Aristotle
said.
Athens
lost
freedom
forever,
but
freedom
was
not
lost
forever
for
the
world.
A
great
American,
James
Madison,
referred
to:
“The
capacity
(能力)
of
mankind
for
self-government.”
No
doubt
he
had
not
an
idea
that
he
was
speaking
Greek.
Athens
was
not
in
the
farthest
background
of
his
mind,
but
once
man
has
a
great
and
good
idea,
it
is
never
completely
lost.
The
Digital
Age
cannot
destroy
it.
Somehow
in
this
or
that
man’s
thought
such
an
idea
lives
though
unconsidered
by
the
world
of
action.
One
can
never
be
sure
that
it
is
not
on
the
point
of
breaking
out
into
action
only
sure
that
it
will
do
so
sometime.
65.
What
does
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
underlined
word
“tyrannies”
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to?
A.
Countries
where
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)their
people
need
help.
B.
Powerful
states
with
higher
civilization.
C.
Splendid
empi
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)res
where
people
enjoy
freedom.
D.
Governments
ruled
with
absolute
power.
66.People
believing
in
freedom
are
those
who________
.
A.
regard
th
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eir
life
as
their
own
business
B.
seek
gains
as
their
primary
object
C.
behave
within
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
laws
and
value
systems
D.
treat
others
with
kindness
and
pity
67.What
change
in
attitude
took
place
in
Athens?
A.
The
Athenians
refused
to
take
their
responsibility.
B.
The
Athenians
no
longer
took
pride
in
the
city.
C.
The
Athenians
benefited
spiritually
from
the
government.
D.
The
Athenians
looked
on
the
government
as
a
business.
68.What
does
the
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
sentence
“There
could
be
only
one
result.”
in
Paragraph
5
mean?
A.
Athens
would
continue
to
be
free.
B.
Athens
would
cease
to
have
freedom.
C.
Freedom
would
come
from
responsibility.
D.
Freedom
would
stop
Athens
from
self-dependence.
69.Why
does
the
author
refer
to
Aristotle
and
Madison?
A.
The
author
is
hopeful
about
freedom.
B.
The
author
is
cautious
about
self-government.
C.
The
author
is
skeptical
of
Greek
civilization.
D.
The
author
is
proud
of
man’s
capacity.
70.
What
is
the
author’s
understanding
of
freedom?
A.
Freedom
can
be
more
popular
in
the
digital
age.
B.
Freedom
may
come
to
an
end
in
the
digital
age.
C.
Freedom
should
have
priority
over
responsibility.
D.
Freedom
needs
to
be
guaranteed
by
responsibility.
【答案】
65．D
66．C67．A
68．B
69．A
70．D
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：历史文化类说明文阅读
第四部分:
任务型阅读
(共
10
小题;
每小题
1
分,
满分
10
分)
请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意:
请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
每个空格只填一个单词。
People
select
ne
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ws
in
expectation
of
a
reward.
This
reward
may
be
either
of
two
kinds.
One
is
related
to
what
Freud
calls
the
Pleasure
Principle,
the
other
to
what
he
calls
the
Reality
Principle.
For
want
of
better
names,
we
shall
call
these
two
classes
immediate
reward
and
delayed
reward.
In
general,
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)the
kind
of
news
which
may
be
expected
to
give
immediate
reward
are
news
of
crime
and
corruption,
accidents
and
disasters,
sports,
social
events,
and
human
interest.
Delayed
reward
may
be
expected
from
news
of
public
affairs,
economic
matters,
social
problems,
science,
education,
and
health.
News
of
the
fir
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)st
kind
pays
its
rewards
at
once.
A
reader
can
enjoy
an
indirect
experience
without
any
of
the
dangers
or
stresses
involved.
He
can
tremble
wildly
at
an
axe-murder,
shake
his
head
sympathetically
and
safely
at
a
hurricane,
identify
himself
with
the
winning
team,
laugh
understandingly
at
a
warm
little
story
of
children
or
dogs.
News
of
the
sec
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ond
kind,
however,
pays
its
rewards
later.
It
sometimes
requires
the
reader
to
tolerate
unpleasantness
or
annoyance
—
as,
for
example,
when
he
reads
of
the
threatening
foreign
situation,
the
mounting
national
debt,
rising
taxes,
falling
market,
scarce
housing,
and
cancer.
It
has
a
kind
of
“threat
value.”
It
is
read
so
that
the
reader
may
be
informed
and
prepared.
When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.
When
he
selects
news
of
the
other
kind,
he
usually
withdraws
from
the
world
of
threatening
reality
toward
the
dream
world.
For
any
individua
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)l,
of
course,
the
boundaries
of
these
two
classes
are
not
stable.
For
example,
a
sociologist
may
read
news
of
crime
as
a
social
problem,
rather
than
for
its
immediate
reward.
A
coach
may
read
a
sports
story
for
its
threat
value:
he
may
have
to
play
that
team
next
week.
A
politician
may
read
an
account
of
his
latest
successful
public
meeting,
not
for
its
delayed
reward,
but
very
much
as
his
wife
reads
an
account
of
a
party.
In
any
given
story
of
corruption
or
disaster,
a
thoughtful
reader
may
receive
not
only
the
immediate
reward
of
indirect
experience,
but
also
the
delayed
reward
of
information
and
preparedness.
Therefore,
while
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual’s
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.
What
news
stories
do
you
read?
Division
ofnews
stories
●
People
expect
to
get
(71)
▲
from
reading
news.●
News
stories
are
roughly
divided
into
two
classes.●
Some
news
will
excite
their
readers
instantly
while
others
won’t.
(72)▲ofthe
two
classes
●
News
of
immediate
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eward
will
seemingly
take
their
readers
to
the
very
frightening
scene
without
actual
(73)▲
.●
Readers
will
associate
themselves
closely
with
what
happens
in
the
news
stories
and
(74)▲similar
feelings
with
those
involved.
●
News
of
delayed
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eward
will
make
readers
suffer,
or
present
a
(75)
▲to
them.●
News
of
delayed
reward
will
induce
the
reader
to
(76)▲for
the
reality
while
news
of
immediate
reward
will
lead
the
reader
to
(77)▲from
the
reality.
Unstable
boundariesof
the
two
classes
●
What
reader
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
expect
from
news
stories
are
largely
shaped
by
their
(78)
▲.●
Serious
r
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)eaders
will
both
get
excited
over
what
happens
in
some
news
stories
and
(79)▲
themselves
to
the
reality.●
Thus,
the
division,
on
the
whole,
(80)▲on
the
reader.
【答案】
71．rewards/rewarded
72．Explanations
73．involvement
74．share
75．threat
76．prepare
77．withdraw
78．profession(s)/intention
79．adapt
80．depends
【解析】
试题分析：文章结合弗洛伊德心理学理论，分
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)析了不同人群对新闻报道的接受习惯和反应特征，从新闻类别、读者反应、异类互渗等角度考察了考生在信息检索、内容归纳、语言结构等方面的知识与能力。难度较14年有所下降，重点考查考察信息转换题，涉及词性和词义转换，学生“有据可循”，归纳概括题比例明显下降。
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)79．信息查找题。根据第四段中“When
a
reader
selects
delayed
reward
news,
he
pulls
himself
into
the
world
of
surrounding
reality
to
which
he
can
adapt
himself
only
by
hard
work.”可知此处填adapt“使适应”。
80．归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“wh
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)ile
the
division
of
categories
holds
in
general,
an
individual’s
tendency
may
transfer
any
story
from
one
kind
of
reading
to
another,
or
divide
the
experience
between
the
two
kinds
of
reward.”可知这一分类取决于读者个体。此处填depends，和后面的介词on搭配“取决于”。
考点：任务型阅读。
第五部分:
书面表达
(满分
25
分)
81.请阅读下面文字及图表,并按照要求用英语写一篇
150
词左右的文章.
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)
[写作内容]
1.
用约
30
个单词概述上述信息的主要内容;
2.
结合上述信息,简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因;
3.
根据你的分析,从社会规范(rules
and
regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈你得到的启示(不少于两点)。
[写作要求]
1.
写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句;
2.
作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称;
3.
不必写标题。
[评分标准]
内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。
【答案】
The
traffic
issue
i
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)s
a
hard
nut
to
crack.
It
not
only
affects
our
everyday
life,
but
may
also
threaten
people’s
lives.
The
three
selections
presented
above
are
typical
examples.
Quite
a
few
thin
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)gs
give
rise
to
the
traffic
problem.
In
spite
of
the
large-scale
construction
of
roads
and
highways,
there
is
still
much
room
for
improvement,
because
of
the
ever
increasing
number
of
cars
these
years.
What’
s
worse,
some
drivers,
cyclists
and
pedestrians
do
not
think
it
vital
to
obey
traffic
rules.
In
fact,
traf
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)fic
rules
are
part
of
the
rules
and
regulations
closely
related
to
public
order.
Without
them,
people
could
not
enjoy
harmony
or
the
country
would
be
in
chaos.
But
rules
alone
don’t
secure
an
orderly
society.
It
is
the
people
who
obey
the
rules
that
matter.
It
is
everybody’s
duty
to
observe
them
to
keep
our
society
in
order
and
going
on
the
right
track.
(150
words)
(?http:?/??/?www.21cnjy.com?)考点：考查“说明文类材料+图形+提纲类”作文。