课时作业(五) Unit 11 Part A Topic Talk
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Canberra, the capital of Australia, lies in the southeast of the country. From this city, it is about 240 kilometers to Sydney, and over twice the distance to Melbourne. The former faces the Pacific Ocean, and the latter is close to the Bass Strait through which ships from Sydney can enter the Indian Ocean.
When the Federal Government of Australia was founded in 1901, no one knew where Australia's capital would be. The two cities of Melbourne and Sydney both wanted the honor. Instead, the founding fathers chose a piece of land between the two cities for the new capital. The government would build a new city called Canberra as the country's capital.
In 1911, the government invited world leading architects to enter designs for Canberra in a contest. An architect from Chicago named Walter Burley Griffin won an international competition for the design of the new city. Construction began in 1913 but was interrupted by World War I (1914～1918). Twenty four years later, the city was finished. But the government moved to this new city ten years before it was completed.
At one time, almost everyone in Canberra worked for the government. However, the city today has become a center of education and favorite place for tourists. Now people can hold a government job, or they can work in business. They also make a living by teaching or meeting the needs of tourists.
People find life in Canberra relaxing and pleasant. The city is surrounded by beautiful mountains where people can ski. There is a large man made lake lined with beaches and parks in the center of Canberra. Canberra is now Australia's largest inland city. Many people living there have come from other cities in Australia and from other lands. They have come to Canberra to work. Some have come to escape the busier way of life found in many other cities.
1．According to the passage, how far away is Sydney from Melbourne
A．About 240 kilometers.
B．About 480 kilometers.
C．About 720 kilometers.
D．About 960 kilometers.
2．What can we know about Canberra from this passage
A．A lovely city to which no visitors can go only by sea.
B．A beautiful coastal city with beaches and parks.
C．The largest city and education centre in Australia.
D．A pleasant place with many mountains and lakes.
3．What does the underlined word “honor” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Being chosen as the capital city of Australia.
B.Building the city of Canberra.
C．Replacing Canberra as the capital city of Australia.
D．Offering funds to build the city of Canberra.
B
Summer is the season of mosquitoes. And mosquito bites are truly the worst—not only are they huge and painful, but they itch (发痒) terribly. And once you start scratching (挠), it's hard to stop.
You can blame female mosquitoes for the trouble we all face. There is some saliva that enters the skin while the mosquito is enjoying its blood meal. This is the protein that leads to the allergic reaction and itching. Basically, our immune system sees the protein as an enemy invader. This causes discomfort and our bodies are just particularly sensitive to the mosquito bites.
Scratching a mosquito bite is a double edged sword. It feels so good, but it also makes the itch worse. When you scratch, you may release more chemicals in the skin that cause the swelling and itching and you may also be spreading the allergen under the skin. If you tend to scratch until you bleed, you're putting yourself at risk for skin infections.
You can't imagine that mosquito bites do itch more at night. Most people itch more at night because our cortisol levels our bodies' own anti inflammatory hormone (抗炎激素) are lower at night, and also because we are more likely to focus as we wind__down and try to fall asleep after a busy day.
If you've ever wondered why some mosquito bites itch more than others, it totally depends on your body. Everyone responds differently to mosquito bites. While some people may have a minimal reaction, others may experience extreme swelling. But the most common reaction is simply red, itchy and swollen bumps. It just depends on your body's immune system. People with weaker immune system are more likely to develop more severe local reactions after the mosquito bites.
4．What accounts for the itch caused by mosquito bites
A．The sensitivity of people's skin.
B．The change in temperature.
C．The number of mosquitoes.
D．The protein from mosquitoes.
5．What does the underlined phrase “wind down” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Become excited.
B．Feel relaxed.
C．Become nervous.
D．Keep awake.
6．Why are some people disturbed less by mosquito bites than others
A．Their skin is thicker than others'.
B．They are more accustomed to the bites.
C．Their body's immune system is stronger.
D．They pay less attention to the mosquito bites.
7．What is the best title for the text
A．How Can People Avoid Mosquito Bites
B．People's Response to Mosquito Bites
C．Why Do Mosquito Bites Itch
D．The Cure for Mosquito Bites
Ⅱ.七选五
The Best Family Friendly Beaches in the U．S.
Do you plan a beach vacation this summer Before you go, check out our list of the best family friendly beaches in the U．S. __1__. With soft sand and lots of activities for your children, spending time there might finally allow you to have a relaxing family vacation you've been dreaming of.
·__2__
Located in Siesta Key, Florida, Siesta Beach offers families some of the softest sand in the country, along with a smoke free environment, crystal clear water, a playground for the kids, covered picnic areas, and sand volleyball courts.
·Coast Guard Beach
Located in Cape Cod, Massachussetts, Coast Guard Beach makes the perfect vacation destination for families looking for a more natural setting. This quiet and modest beach offers wildlife viewing, beach biking, and cool water throughout the year. Make sure to plan a dinner out at Arnold's Lobster, __3__ Kids all love it!
·Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore
__4__. And it features miles of clean sands next to a lakefront beach. You and the kids can climb up and down the massive Sleeping Bear Dunes, and then cool off by playing all afternoon in the cool waters of Lake Michigan.
·Cannon Beach
Although cooler, Cannon Beach in Oregon makes the perfect location for families interested in nature and the environment. With a backdrop of stunning Haystack Rock, you and your children can enjoy uncrowded beaches, investigate tide pools, watch wildlife, fly kites, and bike along the shore.
·Kiawah Beachwalker Park
__5__. Kiawah Beachwalker Park on Kiawah Island, just off the coast of South Carolina, has clean beaches, unbeatable wildlife viewing, art and craft activities, bike rental, and junior naturalist classes for kids.
A．Siesta Beach
B．Rehoboth Beach
C．Which serves meals in games
D．And then please try one of these top beaches around the country
E．I wonder whether you are ready to plan your next vacation at one of these family friendly beaches
F．Get close to Lake Michigan, and you'll find the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore
G.You don't need to leave the country in order to take your children on a fantastic island vacation
课时作业(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，介绍了澳大利亚首都堪培拉的历史、位置、人民和环境。
1．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段后三句可知，堪培拉位于墨尔本和悉尼之间；根据第一段第二句可知，堪培拉距离悉尼大约240千米，距离墨尔本有2倍的距离，大约为480千米，所以悉尼距墨尔本大约720千米远，故选C。
2．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段第四句可知，堪培拉是一个内陆城市，不是只能通过水路到达，故选A。
3．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，当年澳大利亚建国时，悉尼和墨尔本两个城市都争当首都，故选A。
B
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文，主题语境是人与自然之自然生态。夏天是蚊子猖狂的季节，但因每个人的体质不同，被蚊子叮咬后的反应也各不相同。
4．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This is the protein that leads to the allergic reaction and itching.”可知，蚊子唾液里的蛋白质导致过敏反应与发痒。
5．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可知，被蚊子叮咬后晚上会感到更痒，主要因为身体的抗炎激素在晚上更低，另外忙碌一天后人们放松下来，准备睡觉，故选B项。
6．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“It just depends on your body's immune system. People with weaker immune system are more likely to develop more severe local reactions after the mosquito bites.”可知，有些人的免疫系统更强，蚊子叮咬后并不怎么受影响。
7．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了蚊子叮咬让人们皮肤瘙痒，但因每个人的体质和免疫能力不同，每个人的反应也不同，故选C项。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个海滩度假的好去处。
1．答案与解析：D 上文提及可度假的海滩清单，紧接着应是D项“And then please try one of these top beaches around the country(然后请尝试着去其中一家全国顶级海滩享受一番)”，与下文中的“With soft sand and lots of activities for your children... of.”相呼应。
2．答案与解析：A 根据此段的关键信息“Siesta Beach offers families”即可判断，该段的标题应为Siesta Beach。
3．答案与解析：C 由上文的关键信息“plan a dinner out”和下文的“Kids all love it！”可知，孩子们都会喜欢这种餐食，“(因为)它在游戏期间供应(which serves meals in games)”，故选C项。
4．答案与解析：F 由该段的标题“Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore”可知，选项F的表述与之吻合。
5．答案与解析：G 结合下文提到的“Kiawah Beachwalker Park on Kiawah Island, just off the coast of South Carolina”及关键信息“for kids”可知，选项G与之吻合，即你不必离开这个国家就能带着你的孩子去一个美妙的海岛度假。课时作业(六) Unit 11 Part B Lesson 1 Living in a Community
阅读理解
A
Created by Casey and Shelley Black, the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Centre focuses on not only rescuing young abandoned wolves but educating the public. Unlike other centres, you can actually walk with the wolves and have exciting, hands on interaction with them here. And so, we gathered on late winter morning to learn, prepare and walk.
Scrappy and Flora, our wolves that day, were brought to the centre when only a few days old. “They lived in the house with us for the first several months. We treated them like human babies, fed them and slept with them，” said Shelley. So, they are totally used to people. However, they are wild animals. For that reason, Shelley and Casey explained, the walk is totally on the wolf's terms. “We don't approach them, but if they come up to us, we can touch them.”
With all this in mind, we headed for the woods. We were walking on a logging road when suddenly, Flora, all 60 pounds of her, hurried up to me and raised up on her legs. She was almost as tall as me. As she leaned in, put her huge muddy paws on my shoulders and sniffed my face, apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk.
We walked farther, maybe half a mile, while Scrappy and Flora dashed in and out of the woods stopping to occasionally roll in the snow, dig for this or that and just play. Then we all headed into the trees to a picturesque (美丽的) stream where the wolves splashed, drank and had a great time.
One could point out that this whole adventure was staged (筹划) and quite artificial. But the purpose, Casey and Shelley said, is to explain the wolves' place in the environment and, primarily, to let people know wolves don't have to be universally feared—they really don't hide secretly in the woods just waiting to eat people, but they'd rather avoid people, for the most part.
1.How is the Northern Lights Wildlife Wolf Centre different from others
A．It trains and educates wild wolves.
B．It aims to rescue young abandoned wolves.
C．It raises wolves for commercial purposes.
D．It allows visitors to take a walk with wolves.
2．What can be inferred from Shelley and Casey's explanation in Paragraph 2
A.The walk can be potentially dangerous.
B．The wolves have lost all their wildness.
C．People should get close to the wolves actively.
D.The wolves can read people's mind like human babies.
3．Why did Flora behave like that when she saw the author on the logging road
A．To express curiosity.
B．To show friendliness.
C．To attract attention.
D．To seek companionship.
4．Why did Casey and Shelley organize such an adventure
A．To advertise the centre.
B．To publicize wolf hunting.
C．To promote environmental protection.
D．To clarify some conventional views of wolves.
B
Australians' foreign language skills are declining, VoiceofAmerica has reported. New figures show that only 13 percent of high school graduates can speak a foreign language. But four decades ago, 40 percent had foreign language skills.
Professor Elise Tipton, from the University of Sydney, says increasing students do not feel the need to learn another language to boost their career. She believes that Australia's economic boom, which is driven by red hot demand for its minerals, is helping mask serious deficiencies (缺陷) in its language skills.
Australia does business very successfully in English with most of its trading partners. But as the world's economic power shifts to emerging regions such as Asia, its language gap could soon be exposed. According to the new figures, less than 6.5 percent of high school graduates are proficient in an Asian language. Academics worry that this means Australia will increasingly be isolated from (和……隔绝) its economically important Asian neighbors, Dilip Dutta, from the economics and business faculty at Sydney University, says language skills can enhance trading opportunities. If Australians want to trade with Asian countries, it is very important for them to learn the language that will help them to get closer to the culture.
But students have different opinions about Asian language learning. Pippa McCowage, a 22 year old Australian student, says many young Australians have a half hearted approach to foreign languages, and the language curriculum is often weak. “While we're encouraged in high school to learn another language, it's not really apparent to me as a realistic expectation that you will have to speak it，” said McCowage. “For example, I learned Japanese in high school. When I went on an exchange in Year 10, I found that the Japanese students of my age had a much greater proficiency in English than I did in Japanese. So in that sense, it almost discourages you.”
At present, about 70 percent of Australia's major exports go to Asia and the Australian government has been keen on developing closer economic and diplomatic ties with Asia. Academics say that, as Asia becomes one of the world's economic powerhouses (经济体), Australia needs to improve its language skills if it is to take full advantage of the business opportunities on its doorstep.
5．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2
A．Australia has rich deposits of minerals.
B．Australia is essentially a self sufficient country.
C.Australia has no intention to trade with Asian countries.
D．Australian students are not required to learn a foreign language.
6．What does Dilip Dutta think language skills can do
A．Improve your relation with your partner.
B．Help settle international conflicts.
C．Remove barriers in negotiations.
D．Increase trading opportunities.
7．Why has the Australian government been keenly interested in strengthening ties with Asia
A.Because Asia is where Australia is located.
B．Because Asia is where Australia's major exports go.
C.Because Asia is where Australians go and spend their holidays.
D．Because Asia is where Australia can play a big role in international affairs.
8．What does the underlined word “faculty” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Office. B．Building.
C．University. D．Department.
C
When Maleficent first appeared in cinemas five years ago, with her sculpted cheekbones and twisted devil horns, she became an instant hit with audiences around the world. Now, she's back with a new movie.
The sequel to Disney's 2014 film, Maleficent: MistressofEvil, hit Chinese mainland cinemas on Oct 18. It was expected to be one of the hottest film releases of the month.
What makes this film popular with audiences
“Maleficent (2019) is a fierce fairy tale about the joy of being uniquely individual，” Carla Renata, a US film critic, wrote on Twitter.
The sequel features new and distinctive characters, Maleficent, played by US actress Angelina Jolie, is an evil fairy witch who hates human beings for the betrayal of her human lover. Then we have Princess Aurora, played by US actress Elle Fanning, who is kind and strong. Even though Maleficent cursed her and took her captive, Aurora refuses to hate fairies. A new character, Queen Ingrith, is Aurora's mother in law. She's a typical villain who will spare no effort to divide Maleficent and Aurora. She hopes to divide humans and fairies forever.
“These characters are so unique that you would remember even many years after you finished watching the movie，” said Renata.
Apart from the strong cast of characters, the movie's theme of inclusiveness and cooperation between two distinct groups is meant to enlighten audiences. Both fairies and humans must find a way to understand each other if they want to protect the peaceful land where magical creatures live together.
“The film is about kindness and acceptance and tolerance，” Fanning told Metro, “We want people to be kind to one another... to understand that it is wrong to out people that are different.”
With such a powerful theme, there's no wonder that USAToday says it's among Disney's best live action sequels.
9．What do we know about the character Maleficent
A．She fights for human beings.
B．She betrays her human lover.
C．She sees humans as her enemies.
D．She makes friends with Aurora.
10．What did Renata think makes the 2019 Maleficent film special
A．A fairy tale.
B．Unique characters.
C．A powerful theme.
D．Many film stars playing roles.
11．What does the 2019 Maleficent film want to tell viewers
A．Peace is the key to happiness.
B．It takes effort to make the world a better place.
C．Humans should care about other creatures.
D.We should be kind to and tolerant of others.
课时作业(六)
阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去北光野狼中心徒步旅行的经历。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“Unlike other centres, you can actually walk with the wolves”可知，在北光野狼中心游客能够和狼一起散步，故选D。
2．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据第二段第四、五句可知，尽管狼已完全适应了和人待在一起，但是他们是野生动物；又根据本段最后两句“For that reason, Shelley and Casey explained, the walk is totally on the wolf's terms.‘We don't approach them, but if they come up to us, we can touch them.’”可推知，和狼散步可能存在潜在的危险。
3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“apparently she was saying hello in wolf talk”可知，Flora的举动显然是在用狼的说话方式表达问候，因此B项正确。
4．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“But the purpose... but they'd rather avoid people, for the most part.”可推知，Casey和Shelley组织这个冒险旅行的目的是澄清一些关于狼的守旧观点。
B
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。澳大利亚人的外语能力在下降。学者担心，这意味着澳大利亚将与有重要经济地位的亚洲邻国隔离。
5．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。第二段谈到了对矿物质的迫切需求使得澳大利亚的经济繁荣起来，这种繁荣就掩盖了外语能力的缺陷，因此可以推断出澳大利亚的矿物储量丰富，故选A。
6．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，Dilip Dutta认为好的语言能力能够增加贸易机会，故选D。
7．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。最后一段指出澳大利亚大约70%的出口对象都是亚洲，因此澳大利亚政府非常愿意拉近和亚洲的经济和外交关系，故选B。
8．答案与解析：D 词义猜测题。由于faculty后面提到在悉尼大学，因此faculty在这里是“系，部”的意思，故选D。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的影评。作者对Maleficent(2019)这部电影的人物、故事以及主题进行了剖析。
9．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。由第五段“The sequel features new and distinctive characters, Maleficent, played by US actress Angelina Jolie, is an evil fairy witch who hates human beings for the betrayal of her human lover. Then we have Princess Aurora, played by US actress Elle Fanning, who is kind and strong. Even though Maleficent cursed her and took her captive, Aurora refuses to hate fairies.”可知，因为她的人类爱人背叛了她，所以Maleficent憎恨人类，将人类视为她的敌人。A、B项错误。Maleficent诅咒了Aurora，所以排除D项，故选C。
10．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。由第四段中“Maleficent (2019) is a fierce fairy tale about the joy of being uniquely individual”以及第六段“These characters are so unique that you would remember even many years after you finished watching the movie”可知，Renata认为 Maleficent之所以让人看完之后念念不忘是因为电影中角色的鲜明个性。这是这部电影的特殊之处，故选B。
11．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。由最后两段中“The film is about kindness and acceptance and tolerance，” Fanning told Metro, “We want people to be kind to one another...”可知，这部电影的主题就是让人们学会对他人友善、宽容、接纳，故选D。课时作业(七) Unit 11 Part C Lesson 2 Dealing with Conflict
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
For years, the giant squid (大王乌贼) had remained a modern mystery. Living in the dark depths of the ocean, the creature is difficult for scientists to observe directly. It had also managed to avoid all attempts to film it. That changed last July: for the first time ever, scientists were able to catch the giant squid on video in its natural habitat. They were amazed by what they saw. The scientists filmed the squid in the North Pacific Ocean, south of Tokyo, Japan. They followed it down to a depth of 2，952 feet. They shot more than 23 minutes of video before the squid swam off into even darker depths, The video footage will be released to the public later this month on TheDiscoveryChannel.
Tsunemi Kubodera, a zoologist at Japan's National Museum of Nature and Science, led the team that filmed the squid. The team went into the ocean in a small submarine with lights invisible to both humans and squid. Since giant squid eat smaller squid, the scientists released a small squid as bait (诱饵). Then the scientists waited in the pitch black for the giant squid to approach.
The color video shows the creature floating vertically, eating the bait squid. The giant squid is 9 to 10 feet long and is missing its two longest tentacles (触须). With those tentacles, it could have measured up to 26 feet long. It has huge black eyes, the size of dinner plates. “It was shining and so beautiful，” Kubodera said.
Because the deep ocean is so unfriendly to humans, little is known about the giant squid. Scientists say catching the mysterious creature on video is an important step toward understanding it. For centuries, sailors had reported seeing a huge, ocean dwelling beast, thought to be the giant squid. The creature is also believed to be the subject of the Nordic myth of the kraken, a sea creature that supposedly attacked ships in Scandinavian waters over the past thousands of years.
1．Why is it difficult to film the giant squid
A．Because it is illegal to film the giant squid.
B．Because it is too expensive to make such a film.
C．Because the giant squid lives in the dark deep ocean.
D．Because the giant squid is dangerous to humans.
2．We can learn from the first paragraph that scientists ________．
A．first saw the giant squid in the ocean
B．discovered a new sea creature in the ocean
C．have the ocean bottom secretly recorded on video
D．have first caught the legendary giant squid on video
3．According to the passage, the giant squid's longest tentacles can be ________．
A．16 to 17 feet long
B．9 to 10 feet long
C．more than 26 feet long
D．about 36 feet long
4．The scientists released a small squid in the ocean to ________．
A．increase the number of the giant squid
B．trick the giant squid into coming out
C．make an educational film about it
D．show concern for the giant squid
B
With climate change and overfishing threatening our oceans, it is becoming increasingly important for researchers to closely observe and check sea animals and plants. However, it's almost impossible to make it since human presence scares the animals. Now, thanks to the robot, aka SoFi, researchers may be able to solve the problem.
Built by MIT's laboratory，the snow white remote controlled robot simulates fish, complete with a flexible tail that moves from side to side and two “fins (鳍)”．
When the robot is under the sea, a motor is pumping water into a pair of balloon like rooms located in the robot's tail. These rooms operate similarly to the key parts in engines. As one room expands, the tail bends to one side; when the motor pushes water to the other channel, the tail bends in the other direction. Thus the robot gains the ability to move to where it wants to go.
SoFi solves many of the issues that have affected the usefulness (有效性) of previous robots—some types of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs).
AUVs traditionally often have had to be tied to a boat because radio frequency communications do not work well underwater. So researchers use sound waves. The new technology can travel greater distances, allowing drivers, by using a controller，to pilot SoFi from up to 50 feet away. SoFi can move around the ocean, unaffected by ropes. Also limiting traditional AUVs' usefulness is the risk of hitting something，like hard stones. With the outside made of rubber (橡胶) and plastic that can keep its built in electronics dry, SoFi can efficiently avoid hitting. So a soft robot is more likely to survive a potential crisis.
During test dives in Rainbow Reef, SoFi swam alongside the unsuspecting (无疑心的) ocean life at depths of 50 feet for up to 40 minutes at a time，obtaining high quality photos and videos. More importantly, it was able to do so without causing any disturbance. Researchers say sometimes the fish would swim alongside the strange looking robot in curiosity, while at other times they appeared to completely ignore its existence. “It's not perfect, but we're improving it. Our efforts will pay off，” says Robert Katzschmann.
5．The robot SoFi is created to ________．
A．observe climate change
B．help to monitor sea creatures
C．catch fish and observe them
D．prevent overfishing in oceans
6．What does the underlined word “simulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Is modeled after. B．Is designed for.
C．Is combined with. D．Is applied to.
7．What's Paragraph 3 mainly written to show
A．The shape of SoFi.
B．The application of SoFi.
C．The structure of SoFi's tail.
D．The theory of SoFi's movement.
8．What's Robert Katzschmann's attitude towards SoFi
A．Satisfied. B．Negative.
C．Hopeful. D．Neutral.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Troy longed to be a professional basketball player. He had loved the __1__ ever since he was a small child. He was also very skilled. However, he had one small __2__. He was very short. Although his school coach had suggested that he would never __3__ it in the professional leagues, he __4__ to give up his dream.
Troy had several __5__ tries at professional clubs. Then he went to a club in Los Angeles and __6__ the coach for a try.
As usual，he was refused.
“But you haven't even given me a(n) __7__，” said Troy.
“Why should I？” asked the coach.
“Because one day I am going to be the best player in the world __8__ I will be able to help you out，” Troy replied seriously.
The coach smiled at the __9__ of the answer.
“Alright kid，” he said.
Troy took part in a short practice match and the coach was __10__ at his skills.
“You __11__ have a lot of talent，” he said.
After two short years，Troy was a regular for the __12__ and had even won the award as the team's most valuable player. __13__ with Troy's help, the team wasn't winning many games and the coach was said to be close to losing his __14__. Before a game against the New York team，he called Troy into his office for a discussion.
“I have heard that if we lose tonight then I will be replaced by another coach，” he told Troy. “I need you to carry the team and win the game. Do you remember your __15__ before I signed you？”
Troy nodded. He went on to play the game of his life that evening. The team won the game and won every game that was left that season.
1．A.task B．class
C．sport D．place
2．A.doubt B．problem
C．dream D．reason
3．A.change B．learn
C．hear D．make
4．A.tried B．regretted
C．refused D．feared
5．A.unsuccessful B．meaningful
C．unfair D．careless
6．A.found B．asked
C．forced D．considered
7．A.choice B．instruction
C．suggestion D．chance
8．A.and B．but
C．if D．as
9．A.influence B．confidence
C．interest D．shortness
10．A.annoyed B．disappointed
C．puzzled D．surprised
11．A.certainly B．usually
C．finally D．possibly
12．A.program B．party
C．club D．school
13．A.Again B．Almost
C．Even D．Only
14．A.money B．job
C．team D．patience
15．A.promise B．purpose
C．advice D．Secret
课时作业(七)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇科普类说明文。大王乌贼生活在深海，人们很难有机会看到它，长期以来人们对它知之甚少。最近科学家在深海拍摄到了这种神秘的生物，有望揭开其神秘的面纱。
1．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Living in the dark depths of the ocean, the creature is difficult for scientists to observe directly.”可知，因为大王乌贼生活在大洋深处，所以人们很难拍摄到它。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，科学家在北太平洋下到深度为2 952英尺的地方第一次拍摄了一段23分钟长的有关大王乌贼的视频。因此D项正确。
3．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，这只大王乌贼有9到10英尺长，算上它的触须可达到26英尺长，由此可得出，这只大王乌贼最长的触须有16到17英尺长。
4．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since giant squid eat smaller squid, the scientists released a small squid as bait.”可知，科学家在大洋里放一条小乌贼的目的是将大王乌贼引诱出来。
B
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个名叫SoFi的机器人，它能够帮助研究人员密切观察海洋动植物，并介绍了SoFi的工作原理及优点。
5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“it is becoming increasingly important for researchers to closely observe and check sea animals and plants.”和“Now, thanks to the robot, aka SoFi, researchers may be able to solve the problem.”可知，SoFi能够帮助研究人员解决这个问题，也就是说，SoFi能够帮助研究人员监测海洋生物，故选B。
6．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“complete with a flexible tail that moves from side to side and two ‘fins (鳍)’”可知，它有一个灵活的尾巴能从一边移到另一边，还有两个鳍。由此可以推断出SoFi是模仿鱼类的外形设计的，故选A。
7．答案与解析：D 主旨大意题。根据本段中“Thus the robot gains the ability to move to where it wants to go.”可知，本段介绍的是机器人是如何获得这种运动的能力的，即机器人SoFi的运动理论，故选D。
8．答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“It's not perfect, but we're improving it. Our efforts will pay off，” says Robert Katzschmann.可知，Robert Katzschmann认为虽然机器人SoFi现在不是完美的，但他们会进行改进。而且他认为他们的努力会得到回报，也就是说，Robert Katzschmann对机器人SoFi的态度是充满希望的，故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。虽然Troy没有身高优势，但是他从没放弃追逐自己的职业篮球运动员的梦想。最后，功夫不负有心人，Troy不仅成为球队中的最有价值球员，而且还带领自己的球队不断走向成功。
1．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从小就热爱这项运动。根据上一句中的“be a professional basketball player”可知，Troy热爱篮球这项“运动”，故选C。
2．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，他有一个小麻烦。根据下一句“He was very short.”可知，这是Troy的“麻烦”，故选B。
3．答案与解析：D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管他的学校教练曾暗示他永远不会在职业联赛中取得成功，但他拒绝放弃自己的梦想。根据语境可知，Troy的教练认为他永远不可能进篮球职业联盟，故选D。
4．答案与解析：C 考查动词词义辨析。根据下文Troy在职业俱乐部的尝试可知，他“拒绝”放弃自己的篮球梦想，故选C。
5．答案与解析：A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Troy在职业俱乐部做了几次失败的尝试。根据下文中的“As usual, he was refused.”可知，Troy尝试了几家俱乐部，但都不成功，故选A。
6．答案与解析：B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他去了洛杉矶的一家俱乐部，请教练给一个尝试的机会。根据Troy想进职业联盟的语境可知，他去了洛杉矶一家俱乐部，请教练给一次尝试的机会，故选B。
7．答案与解析：D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：可你还没给我机会呢。根据上文中的“he was refused”可知，Troy认为教练没有给他“机会”，就拒绝了他，故选D。
8．答案与解析：A 考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为有一天我会成为世界上最好的球员，我将能帮助你走出困境。“我将成为世界上最棒的球员”和“我将帮你走出困境”之间是并列关系，故选A。
9．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：教练对这个自信的回答笑了。根据上文中的“I am going to be the best player in the world”可知，Troy的回答很“自信”，故选B。
10．答案与解析：D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Troy参加了一场短期的练习赛，教练对他的技术感到惊讶。根据第11空后的“have a lot of talent”可知，教练对他的技能感到“惊讶”，故选D。
11．答案与解析：A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你确实很有天赋。根据下文Troy成为俱乐部的正式球员及其出色的表现可知，教练“惊叹”于Troy的球技，称赞他“确实”有才能，故选A。
12．答案与解析：C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：短短两年之后，Troy成了俱乐部的正式球员，甚至还获得了球队最有价值球员的称号。根据上文中的“he went to a club in Los Angeles”可知此处介绍Troy加入洛杉矶这家“俱乐部”的情况，故选C。
13．答案与解析：C 考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使有Troy的帮助，球队也没能赢得很多比赛，据说教练也差点丢了工作。根据本句中的“the team wasn't winning many games”可知，“即使”在Troy的帮助下，球队也没有赢得很多的比赛。Even在此用来加强出乎意料的语气，故选C。
14．答案与解析：B 考查名词词义辨析。根据常识可知，球队接连输球，教练离丢工作不远了，故选B。
15．答案与解析：A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你还记得我签你之前你的承诺吗？由上文中第8空后的“I will be able to help you out”可知，这是对教练的“承诺”，故选A。课时作业(八) Unit 11 Part D Lesson 3 War Memories
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Dolphins are universally regarded as some of the cleverest creatures in the world. In captivity (圈养), they can be trained to complete complex tasks such as jumping through hoops and somersaulting through the air.
But their intelligence doesn't stop there. In a recent study of cetaceans (鲸目动物)—a group of animals that include dolphins and whales—researchers created a list of intelligent behaviors observed in 90 different cetacean species, reported theGuardian. For example, the smartest cetaceans hunt in groups, share knowledge through mimicry (模仿) and even care for each other's children. Some even consider their behavior to be human like.
“The saying that ‘it takes a village to raise a child’ seems to be true for both whales and humans，” Michael Muthukrishna of the London School of Economics, co author of the study, told theGuardian.
However, cetaceans don't just use their brain power for survival. The study suggests that dolphins might even gossip. That's because some species greet each other with specific whistles，just as humans greet each other by name, theGuardian reported. Sometimes, a group of dolphins whistles the “name” of a dolphin that isn't there. Could they be speaking about their “friend” behind its back
For the researchers，dolphin small talk is a big deal. As they found that the most social cetaceans also have the largest brains, they argue that cetacean intelligence developed to meet the demands of complex social groups.
Known as the “cultural brain hypothesis (假设)，” it had only been used to explain the intelligence of humans and other primates (灵长目动物). The new study aimed to find a common pathway for the evolution of intelligence among biologically different species.
“It is interesting to think that whale and human brains are different in their structure but have brought us to the same patterns in behavior，” Luke Rendell, a biologist at the University of St Andrews, told theGuardian.
Indeed, we still have a lot to learn about our intelligent ocean dwelling neighbors. “We don't have to look at other planets to look for aliens，” Muthukrishna told theGuardian, “because we know that underwater there are these amazing species with so many parallels to us in their complex behaviors.”
1．The recent study was intended to ________．
A．learn more about intelligent creatures of the sea
B．explain the intelligence of humans and cetaceans
C.create a list of intelligent behaviors of different cetacean species
D．see whether the intelligence of different species evolved in the same way
2．What is the meaning of the underlined part in Paragraph 3
A．Villagers have the responsibility to raise any child in the village.
B．Like human beings，whales even help raise each other's babies.
C．Cetaceans have social behaviors very similar to human beings.
D．It is not easy for one villager to take care of his or her own child.
3．What can be inferred from the passage
A．It is unnecessary to look for aliens and do research into them.
B．Some cetaceans have the same intelligence as human beings.
C．Both dolphins and whales greet each other with specific whistles.
D．Both dolphins and whales have a lot in common with humans in behaviors.
4．What is the best title for this passage
A．Aliens Living Underwater
B．A Study of Intelligent Dolphins
C．Intelligent Creatures of the Sea
D．Reasons for the Intelligence of Sea Creatures
B
One part of the world is still largely unexplored. It is the deep sea. Over the years, many people have explored under the sea. But the first deep sea divers wanted to find sunken treasure. They weren't really interested in studying the creatures of life there. Only recently have they begun to learn some of the mysteries of the sea.
It's not easy to explore the deep sea. A diver must have a way of breathing underwater. He must be able to protect himself from great pressure. The pressure of air is about 15 pounds on every square inch. But the pressure of water is about 1, 300 pounds on every square inch!
The first diving suits were made of rubber. They had a metal helmet (头盔) with windows in it. The shoes were made of lead and weighed twenty pounds each! These suits let divers go down a few hundred feet, but they were no good for exploring the very deep waters. With a metal diving suit, a diver could go down 700 feet. Metal suits were first used in the 1930s.
In 1927, a diver named William Beebe wanted to explore deeper than anyone had ever gone before. He was not interested in finding treasure. He wanted to study the creatures and plants of the sea. His friend invented a metal ball called the Bathysphere. It weighed more than 5，000 pounds, but in it Beebe went down 3，028 feet. He saw many things that had never been seen by humans before.
5．People who first explored the deep sea hoped to ________．
A．learn about the animals and plants of the sea
B．solve some mysteries about the sea
C．have an exciting trip in the sea
D．discover treasure under the sea
6．According to the text, what make(s) deep sea diving difficult
A．The pressure of water.
B．The temperature of water.
C．The dangerous sea creatures.
D．The heavy breathing equipment.
7．Compared with rubber diving suits, metal diving suits ________．
A．had windows in the metal helmet
B．weighed twenty more pounds
C．were good for exploring deeper waters
D．began to be used much earlier
8．What do we know about William Beebe from the text
A．He broke the diving record in his time.
B．He failed to find the treasure he wanted.
C．He met something terrible under the sea.
D．He was the first diver to explore the deep sea.
Ⅱ.七选五
If your parents will retire soon, to live comfortably in retirement, you need to persuade them to save until it hurts. __1__ They may think they can't afford to save or fear losing money to bad investments (投资), but they have to overcome those fears, because a financially (财政上) secure future will be up to them.
They can start by saving as little as $10 a paycheck or putting away half their next rise. A small amount of money can produce massive amounts of wealth over time.
__2__ People used not to worry about saving for their later years because many had pensions, and they didn't live as long as people do now. But they can no longer count on their employers, partly because the employers might not be able to afford their pensions, and most people don't stay with one employer. __3__ Consequently, they should depend on themselves for retirement.
__4__ You can advise them to start by contributing 1% of their pay. If the 1% contribution hurts, then they can stay at that level until it doesn't hurt any more. If it doesn't hurt, then increase their contribution (by another 1%.) Do that until it hurts.
__5__ They just ask for a small cup of coffee instead of a large cup in the coffee house or they can try to skip drinking soda daily at lunch. In time they will benefit a lot from today's efforts when they retire.
A．They can start small.
B．The key is getting started.
C．But believe you can make it.
D．Many people change jobs every few years.
E．It's easy to cut a dollar a day from most budgets.
F．People give lots of excuses for not saving for retirement.
G．Some seniors are confident that they will be supported by their children.
课时作业(八)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究者发现在海洋下面生活着类人智商的群居动物，比如海豚和鲸，它们的大脑为我们研究智力的进化提供了参考。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“The new study aimed to find a common pathway for the evolution of intelligence among biologically different species.”可知这项研究的目的是发现不同物种的智力是否以相同的方式进化，故选D。
2．答案与解析：B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中“the smartest cetaceans hunt in groups，share knowledge through mimicry (模仿) and even care for each other's children”并结合第三段中“The saying that ‘it takes a village to raise a child’ seems to be true for both whales and humans”可知，画线处意在表明像人类一样，鲸甚至帮助抚养彼此的婴儿，故选B。
3．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中“For example, the smartest cetaceans hunt in groups, share knowledge through mimicry (模仿) and even care for each other's children. Some even consider their behavior to be human like.”并结合倒数第二段中“It is interesting to think that whale and human brains are different in their structure but have brought us to the same patterns in behavior”可知，海豚和鲸与人类在行为上有很多共同点，故选D项。
4．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“we still have a lot to learn about our intelligent ocean dwelling neighbors... we know that underwater there are these amazing species with so many parallels to us in their complex behaviors”和全文可知，全文介绍了研究者发现在海洋下面生活着类人智商的群居动物，比如海豚和鲸，它们的大脑为我们研究智力的进化提供了参考。C项“海洋中的智慧生物”切合文意，故选C。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了深海探险的相关知识。
5．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But the first deep sea divers wanted to find sunken treasure.”可知，人们最初探测深海是想寻找沉入海底的金银财宝。
6．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“He must be able to protect himself from great pressure...the pressure of water is about 1，300 pounds on every square inch！”可知，水压很大，这使得在深海中潜水非常困难。
7．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These suits let divers go down a few hundred feet, but they were no good for exploring the very deep waters.With a metal diving suit, a diver could go down 700 feet.”可知，与橡胶潜水服相比，金属潜水服可以帮助人们探测较深的水域。
8．答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“William Beebe wanted to explore deeper than anyone had ever gone before”和“...Beebe went down 3，028 feet. He saw many things that had never been seen by humans before.”可推断，Beebe通过探海球(the Bathysphere)探测到了更深的海域，打破了以往的潜水纪录。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了老年人退休后要储蓄的问题及方法。
1．答案与解析：F 前面表示：如果你父母将很快就会退休，你需要说服他们储蓄以备到时候会受到没有储蓄的伤害。后面表示：他们也许认为他们付不起储蓄的钱或担心投资受损。空处应表示：人们不为退休储蓄的借口很多，故选F。
2．答案与解析：B 前面表示：他们可以以一个10美元的账单来储蓄开始，或者是将他们下次加薪的一半的钱存起来。一段时间后，少量的钱可以产生大量的财富积累。所以空处表示要开始储蓄。也就是要行动起来。这与本段开头“They can start by saving... (他们可以从存……开始)”一致，故选B。
3．答案与解析：D 前句点明线索：绝大多数人都不会一直为一个老板工作，即他们经常更换工作，后句给的线索是：他们应该依靠自己养老。既然自己养老，那就需要自己存储钱财以备不时之需。综合这两条线索可知，多数人不会在一个老板手下工作很长时间，因此，他们经常换工作，故选D。
4．答案与解析：A 空格后面的句子为线索：你可以建议他们以他们的工资报酬的1%为起始点开始存储。这说明这是很小一笔钱，这与A选项切合。
5．答案与解析：E 根据后面“They just ask for a small cup of coffee instead of a large cup in the coffee house or they can try to skip drinking soda daily at lunch.”可以看出作者是在说每天节约一点点预算就可以“benefit a lot from today's efforts when they retire”，与预算有关的E选项切合文意。
