北师大版选择性必修第四册2023版高中英语 Unit 12 Innovation单元测试卷（含解析，无听力音频有听力原文）

Unit 12 单元测试卷
第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Who is the man possibly talking to
A．A doctor. B．A teacher. C．His mother.
2．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In an office. B．At home. C．In the street.
3．How much will the man pay for the tickets
A．18 dollars. B．30 dollars. C．24 dollars.
4．How long has the flight been delayed so far
A．One and a half hours. B．One hour. C．Half an hour.
5．What does the man want to do
A．Have a dictation. B．Leave early. C．Have a tooth pulled.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What kind of music is the woman's favourite
A．Pop music. B．Country music. C．Classical music.
7．How will the man find out the information
A．By making a call. B．By asking a friend. C．By going downtown.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．Who is the lady probably
A．The man's schoolmate. B．The man's wife. C．The man's boss.
9．What does the man think of his new roommate
A.He's too bad. B．He's too lazy. C．He's a good boy.
10．What does the new roommate like
A．He likes playing. B．He likes music. C．He likes keeping his house clean.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．Why did Ruth call Tim
A．To find out if the book she ordered is in.
B．To ask him to attend a Students' Union meeting.
C. To see if he has time to welcome new students.
12．What does Ruth say about the new students
A.Many of them have a part time job. 　　　　　　　　
B．They usually arrive on weekends.
C．They will need new textbooks.
13．What does Tim offer to do
A．Help out when he has time. 　　　　　　　　
B．Take Ruth's place as a tour guide.
C．Get in touch with Ken later.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers
A.Friends. B．Strangers. C．Husband and wife.
15．Why don't the woman and her husband move to a new house
A．They don't like a new house. 　　　　　　　　
B．They can't afford a new house.
C．They have had their own house.
16．What does the man's sister in law think of the house she bought
A．Poor. B．Expensive. C．Satisfying.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the purpose of making this announcement
A.To warn people of danger. 　　　　　　　　
B．To tell people not to leave home.
C．To inform people of a power failure.
18．What should those who want to go out do
A．Get out of town before three. 　　　　　　　　
B．Stay in the cars.
C．Be careful of loose electric wires.
19．What can we learn from the announcement
A．Electricity has been cut off. 　　　　　　　　
B．A hurricane is coming in three hours.
C．Some wires may go wrong after the hurricane.
20．What does the speaker suggest at the end of the announcement
A.Staying away from beaches. 　　　　　　　　
B．Paying attention to further news.
C．Being patient and staying indoors.
第二部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
“In 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue” is how the children's nursery rhyme begins. However, more than 90 years before the Nina，the Pinta and the Santa Maria，a huge fleet of ships set sail from Nanjing. It was the first of a series of voyages that would, for a brief period, establish China as the leading power of the age. The voyage was led by Zheng He. In fact, some people think he was the original model for the legendary Sinbad the Sailor.
In 1371, Zheng He was born in what is now Yunnan Province to Muslim parents, who named him Ma Sanbao. When he was 11 years old, he was castrated and made to serve as a eunuch (宦官) in the imperial household. Ma befriended a prince who later became the Yong Le Emperor, one of the Ming Dynasty's most distinguished. Brave, strong, intelligent and totally loyal, Ma won the trust of the prince who gave him a new name. Yong Le was an ambitious emperor who believed that China's greatness would be increased with an “open door” policy regarding international trade and diplomacy. In 1405, he ordered Chinese ships to sail to the Indian Ocean, and put Zheng He in charge of the voyage. Zheng went on to lead seven expeditions in 28 years, visiting more than 40 countries.
Zheng's fleet had more than 300 ships and 30，000 sailors. The largest vessels, 133 meter long “treasure ships”， had up to nine masts and could carry a thousand people. Along with a Han and Muslim crew, Zheng opened up trade routes in Africa, India, and Southeast Asia. The voyages helped expand foreign interest in Chinese goods such as silk and china. In addition, Zheng He brought foreign items back to China, including the first giraffe ever seen there. At the same time，the fleet's obvious strength meant that the Emperor of China commanded respect and inspired fear all over Asia.
Though Zheng He died in 1433 and was probably buried at sea, a grave and small monument to him still exist in Jiangsu Province. Three years after Zheng He's death, a new emperor banned the construction of oceangoing ships, and China's brief era of naval expansion was over. Chinese policy turned inward, leaving the seas clear for the rising nations of Europe. Opinions vary on why this happened. Whatever the reason, conservative (保守的) forces gained the upper hand, and China's potential for world domination was not realized. Records of Zheng He's incredible voyages were burned. Not until the early 20th century did another fleet of comparable size take to the seas.
21．Why did Zheng He sail to the ocean
　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　
A．Zheng He befriended the Yong Le Emperor and won his trust.
B.The emperor tried to increase China's greatness by an “open door” policy.
C．The voyages helped expand foreign interest in Chinese goods.
D．Zheng He wanted to promote culture and religious visits with foreign countries.
22．What's the significance of Zheng He's seven voyages
A．They established China as the leading power from then on.
B．They spread diplomacy, established trade routes and returned with riches and foreign items never seen before in China.
C．They provided pathways for religious communication between Han and Muslim crew.
D．They speeded up the process of imperial reform of Ming Dynasty.
23．After the death of Zheng He，why did Ming Dynasty stop oceangoing voyage
A．Because the successive emperor banned the construction of oceangoing ships.
B．Because the people of Ming Dynasty feared doing business with other rising nations of Europe.
C．Because the imperial policy turned inward.
D.No reason had been assigned in this passage.
B
Are you familiar with the greeting, “Can I add you on WeChat？” It seems like every time we meet new friends or colleagues nowadays, the first thing that springs to mind is adding each other on the app. Nevertheless，more than 80 percent of WeChat users report feeling stressed or anxious when they receive a large number of messages，according to a study done recently by the app's developer Tencent (腾讯). In other words, WeChat can overwhelm (使应接不暇) us, while also breaking down the boundaries between our work and private lives.
Just think how easy it is now for bosses to hand out assignments during the holiday, so long as they have your WeChat contact. When you're at the cinema enjoying a romantic movie or having a barbecue in the backyard, you can never cut yourself off from the outside world unless you switch off your phone. Not to post something in WeChat Moments before replying to your boss first!
Apart from interrupting your leisure time, WeChat can also reduce your productivity at work. For many office workers, logging in to WeChat on their computers at the start of the day has become routine. But what if browsing the Moments distracts us from doing the work The app steals our time without us even noticing it, making us have the false belief that we are busy all the time.
And as if that weren't bad enough, there're the “one off” friends who take up space on our WeChat friend list. A handy way to check how many one off friends you have is to take a look at your chat history with them. Sometimes, you only sent the initial friend requests so you could invite them to a WeChat group or inform them of something for your boss. Yet still, as your friend count (好友数量) ever goes up, it can make you feel the need to post selfies (自拍) and share details of your life in your Moments, just so you can stay up to date.
With WeChat, all our spare time is swallowed up by the constant torrent of messages and our attention keeps getting diverted by Moments and pop up ads. So it's time that we should do something to nip this problem in the bud.
24．What is most of WeChat users' reaction when receiving a mass of messages
A．They are quite upset. B．They think it's unavoidable.
C．They break down. D．They complain about Tencent.
25．Which of the following may make your boss angry according to Paragraph 2
A．Enjoying a movie at the weekend.
B．Posting something in WeChat Moments.
C．Having a barbecue on vacation.
D．Ignoring the assignment he handed out when seeing it.
26．How can we decide who is the one off friend on our WeChat friend list
A．By checking if you sent the initial friend request.
B．By seeing if your boss asked you to inform him of something.
C．By having a look at your chat record.
D．By counting the number of your friends on the list.
27．What can be a suitable title for this text
A．Is WeChat becoming a necessity in our life
B.Are WeChat friend requests ruining your life
C.Does your boss want to be your WeChat friend
D.Is it better to have more WeChat friends
C
A couple of weeks ago, my grandfather was explaining his favorite expression. “Nothing is ever easy.” The following day, as I tried to complete my day's work, I happened to notice a bumblebee (大黄蜂) on the skylight (天窗). The skylight was particularly high up, but I thought removing the bee would take no more than five minutes. An hour later, the bee still remained. All that had changed was that the living room was a mess and that I was dizzy from looking up into the sunlight. I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.
It is not only time that we tend to underestimate—we don't account for unexpected costs. We often imagine what can work in our favor but we seldom think of all the negative things that could affect us. However, it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not go as planned, and that is completely normal. It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged—even at a task you thought was simple—because that is part of life.
If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable. In middle school, I thought high school might be easier because I could choose the classes I wanted to take. In high school, I thought college might be easier because I could have a schedule (计划) best suited for myself. Yet each time, I was both wrong and disappointed. After accepting that school wouldn't (and shouldn't) be easy. I found myself with a more positive attitude and improved results.
Of course, there should be preparations made to account for expenses or time. Doing so can only help you accomplish your goals in a better way. However，there is no need to beat__ourselves__up when something stands in our path. Maybe we cannot see a bee coming our way, but we can always give ourselves the extra time to catch it.
28．Why did the author mention his experience of removing a bee
A．To share something unforgettable with us.
B.To lead us to what the author learned from it.
C．To show the unexpected costs it caused.
D．To tell us how easy it is to waste our time.
29．Why do things often turn out to be different from what we expect
A．We often don't take time seriously. B．We tend not to have enough money.
C．Unexpected things can happen. D．It is easy to feel challenged.
30．According to the text, what does the underlined phrase “beat ourselves up” mean
A.To hit or kick ourselves hard many times. B．To blame ourselves too much.
C．To encourage ourselves to work hard. D．To give up ourselves.
31．What is the author's purpose of writing this article
A．To encourage people to make greater efforts.
B．To explain how to make preparations.
C．To tell us what to do when something gets in our way.
D．To persuade us not to expect things to be easy.
D
Stories play a vital role in the growth and development of children. The books they read and the characters they get to know can become like friends. It's also good for children to understand that books are a useful source of information and that good reading skills are important for success in their future lives.
Children who can read well are more likely to have higher confidence levels. This will benefit them in school as they'll feel able to participate fully in activities. Another part of building confidence is to know where you fit into the world. Stories can help with this process by showing children what people's lives are like where they live and in other parts of the world.
Stories are a great way to introduce new words and ideas into a child's language—starting with picture books for the very young, working up to more complex novels for teenagers. Fiction based on real life can also help children with their own life experience—it shows them how diverse the world is and that some people's lives are vastly different from theirs. And the process is done in a natural way. There's no actual teaching involved at all, but they learn from simply reading the story.
Reading helps children understand that there are other children who feel the same way and they are not alone. This helps children understand that feelings are normal and should be expressed. Watching their responses to the feelings of the characters in the stories will give you some idea of how a child feels about certain situations and emotions. For example, how the child responds to the character in the story feeling sad or scared will give you some idea of how the child thinks.
As you can see, children's stories are important for a number of reasons and form a vital part of the growing process. Being part of that process can bring children a sense of satisfaction as well as being great fun. So, go and get your children some wonderful books to allow them to enjoy a relaxing bedtime story.
32．What can we know from Paragraph 1
A．Reading stories benefits children a lot.
B．Reading is the best way to gain information.
C.Reading stories helps children make more friends.
D．Reading skills should be developed at a young age.
33．How could reading stories raise children's confidence
A．Inspiring children to get good grades.
B．Supporting children's language development.
C.Aiding children with living in a better family environment.
D．Allowing children to explore their suitable positions in society.
34．What does the author think about learning through reading
A．Unrealistic. B．Effective. C．Time saving. D．Expensive.
35．What can be inferred from the text
A．Most teenagers are fond of complex novels.
B.Picture books are lacking in real life situations.
C．Most children have difficulty in expressing themselves.
D.Parents can know kids better from kids' reading responses.
第二节　七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Reducing class size has traditionally been seen as an important way to improve a student's educational experience. Many often believe that smaller classes would permit teachers to give more personal attention to their students. __36__．
But one recent study suggests there's not much research based evidence to support this idea. The research was collected by a team from Denmark's Danish Center for Social Science Research.
The study notes that one of the main problems with reducing class size is that it can have very high costs. __37__．Financial limitations make it very difficult for many schools to reduce the number of students in the classroom.
The new study began by examining 127 studies on classroom size. Its goal was to examine the major research studies already completed on the subject. __38__. In the end, the research centered on 10 main studies with possible sampling (采样) problems.
The researchers concluded that there's some evidence to suggest that reducing class size may lead to some improvement in a student's reading achievement. __39__. They found just a 53 percent chance that a randomly selected test score of a student from a small class would be higher than the selected score of a student from a larger class. __40__. This led the researchers to conclude that there would be no benefit at all to math students in a smaller class size.
A．But they said the effect is very small
B．For mathematics achievement, the result was 49 percent
C．This can theoretically lead to improved academic results for students
D．Many public opinion studies have shown teachers favor smaller class size
E．The effects of larger class size can stay long after the students complete their education
F．Increasing class size is one of the most common ways school systems control education spending
G．They especially centered on those trying to measure if smaller class size led to greater academic success
第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节　完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Last year I ruined my summer vacation by bringing along a modern convenience: the iPad.
Instead of looking at nature, I __41__ my e mail. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading __42__， newspapers each morning. And that was the problem: I was acting __43__ I were still in the office. My body was on vacation but my __44__ wasn't.
So this year I made up my mind to try something different: getting away from the Internet. I knew it wouldn't be easy, __45__ I'm not good at self control. But I was __46__. I started by handing the iPad to my wife. Then, a stroke of luck：The mobile phone __47__ at our cabin was worse than in the past. I was __48__， forced to carry out my plan. Largely __49__ from e mail and my favorite newspaper websites, I had few ways to __50__ the world. I had no choice but to do what I had planned to do all along: read books.
With determination and the strong support of my wife, I succeeded in my vacation struggle __51__ the Internet. I finally realized that it was me, of course, not the iPad, that was the __52__．
I knew I had __53__ when we passed a Starbucks and my wife asked if I wanted to stop to use the Wi Fi. “Don't need it，” I said. __54__， as we return to work，a test begins: Can I continue when I'm back at work I don't plan to __55__ my iPad completely. But I hope to resist the temptation (抵抗诱惑) to use it every five minutes.
41．A.received B．selected C．checked D．removed
42．A.online B．informal C．local D．traditional
43．A.so that B．as if C．now that D．even though
44．A.opinion B．identity C．mind D．curiosity
45．A.since B．unless C．though D．so
46．A.excited B．shocked C．frightened D．determined
47．A.quality B．design C．signal D．technology
48．A.trapped B．ignored C．injured D．persuaded
49．A.taken out B．pulled down C．cut off D．carried away
50．A.rely on B．connect to C．help with D．look at
51．A.against B．for C．on D．to
52．A.puzzle B．sign C．evidence D．problem
53．A.won B．forgotten C．suffered D．recovered
54．A.Somehow B．Anyway C．However D．Therefore
55．A.take apart B．give up C．turn to D．care about
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sadness, feeling down and having a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities 56.________ (be) symptoms familiar to all of us. But, if they affect our life substantially, they may be depression.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), 7.6 percent of people over the age of 12 have depression in any 2 week period, 57.________ shows the scale of the issue.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), depression is the most common illness worldwide and the leading cause of 58.________ (disable). They estimate that 35 million people 59.________ (affect) by depression, globally.
60．________ (general), the symptoms include lack of joy and reduced interest in things. Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistently (连续地) low mood and a feeling of sadness and loss of interest. It is a persistent problem, not a passing one, 61.________ (last) on average 6 to 8 months.
Diagnosis of depression starts 62.________ a consultation with a doctor or mental health specialist. It is important to seek help from a health professional to rule out different causes of depression，ensure an accurate diagnosis and secure safe and 63.________ (effect) treatment.
As for most visits to 64.________ doctor, there may be a physical examination 65.________ (check) physical causes and other conditions. Depression is a treatable mental disease.
第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节　应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，请你根据以下提示向国际野生动物组织写一封投诉信，反映非法捕猎海洋生物的现象。
1．非法捕猎越来越严重；
2．由于在全世界鲸鱼成为非法捕猎的对象，五年来它的数目在急剧减少；
3．我们曾经毁掉森林，带来了干旱和洪水；如果非法捕猎海洋生物得不到阻止，我们将失去家园。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节　读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Recently Steve had a car accident. So he put his car in the garage to carry out the repair work. Since he had to go to the job daily，he decided that until the car was ready, he would travel by subway. One day, he noticed a homeless guy at the subway station at night. He felt pity for him, so he gave him some change from his pocket.
The homeless guy thanked him for it. Next day again, he noticed the homeless guy at the same place. This time Steve thought to get him something to eat, so he went outside the station and brought him a meal. The homeless guy thanked him for his kindness. But Steve got curious and asked him，“How did you get to this point？”
The homeless guy looked up at him and with a smile, he said, “By showing love.” Steve didn't understand it, so he asked him, “What do you mean by that？” The homeless guy replied, “Throughout my whole life, I make sure that everyone is happy. No matter what is going right or wrong in my life, I always help everyone.”
Steve asked him, “Do you regret it？” The homeless man replied, “No, it just hurts my soul that the very people I gave the shirt off my back to wouldn't give me a sleeve of that same shirt when I was in need. Son, it is better to build your own house and invite someone in for shelter than to hand them your bricks while you are building yours, because one day when you turn around and look at the spot where you had planned to build your house, it will be an empty lot. Then you are the one looking for bricks. ” Steve thanked him for the good advice, and he left.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
However, Steve didn't understand what the homeless guy meant at that moment._____________________________________________________________________
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After a few years, _________________________________________________________
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Unit 12 单元测试卷
第一部分　听力
听力材料
Text 1
M: I'm not feeling so well.
W: Get some rest and take these three times a day and you should feel better. If you don't，come back and see me.
Text 2
W: Excuse me，but is it seven o'clock yet
M: I'm sorry，but I don't have a watch. Try the lady over there.
W: Thank you. I will.
Text 3
M: I'd like some tickets for tomorrow's concert.
W: Tickets for the concert are $ 6 for adults，half price for children.
M: All right. I'd like three tickets for adults and two tickets for children, please.
Text 4
W: Can you tell me what time Flight B5311 arrives，please
M: Yes，it was scheduled to arrive at 6 pm，but has been delayed for one hour and a half.
Text 5
M: Could I possibly leave class early today
W: I'm afraid not. We're going to have a dictation before class is dismissed.
M: Oh, well... The reason is that I have an appointment with the dentist. I have a terrible toothache.
W: Well, in that case，just go ahead.
Text 6
M: What's your favorite kind of music，Mary Do you like pop music
W: I like almost all kinds of music. But I like country music best.
M: There was a concert of country music last week.
W: I wish I had been there!
M: Do you often go to the movies
W: Not often but occasionally.
M: It will do you good to go out for entertainment at weekends. What kind of movie do you like best
W: It's hard to say. Generally speaking, I like interesting and significant ones.
M: Shall we go downtown for a movie this Friday evening
W: Very good. What's on
M: I'm not sure. Let me give a call to find out.
Text 7
W: Do you like your new roommate
M: Yes，he's a nice guy，but he listens to heavy metal music.
W: What kind
M: Heavy metal.
W: Ugh! Does he play it a lot
M: No, but when he plays it, he plays it really loud.
W: Too bad. Well，does he keep the house clean
M: Oh，yeah. That's no problem.
Text 8
M: Hello, University Books, Tim Weber speaking.
W: Hi，Tim，this is Ruth.
M: Oh，hi，Ruth. What's up
W: Well, the Students' Union needs a couple of volunteers to show the new students around next week. Would you be able to help out
M: That depends on the days you have in mind. I'm working here full time before classes begin. It's really busy now, with all the textbook orders coming in, but I do have some time off.
W: What about Saturday Most new students will arrive on the weekend.
M: Sorry. I have to work all day Saturday. How about Thursday and Friday I've got both mornings free.
W: I don't have the time table on me. Ken's got it. Maybe you can set something up with him.
M: I'll only be able to spare a couple of hours，though.
W: No problem, I'll ask Ken to get in touch with you later today. Will you be at this number
M: Yeah，till four. Look, I've got to go. I have to get all the orders out before I leave today.
W: OK, thanks, Tim. Bye.
Text 9
M: Have you thought of moving at all，Sarah
W: We've thought about it，but my husband and I can't afford it right now.
M: Buying a house can be expensive，but there are ways to find cheaper houses.
W: Like what
M: Well. You can buy a house far away from the city center. You would definitely save money doing it that way.
W: That's a good idea.
M: Sure，my sister in law and her husband just bought a house that way. They're pretty satisfied with it.
W: Is the house pretty run down
M: Not at all. The woman, who owned it, took good care of it. But when she died, she had no family left and no will, so the government had to sell it for her.
W: Was it a very old house
M: It was about 75 years old. There were a few repairs that needed doing，but it didn't take a lot of money or time.
W: Is it in a good location
M: The area can be a bit rough in the evening, but the neighbors watch out for each other, so it's OK.
Text 10
We've just received word that Hurricane Harry has changed its course, and is now heading straight for the mainland. We expect to have winds of over 150 miles per hour. The hurricane should arrive at about 3 p．m. this afternoon. Please get prepared for it. Cover your windows with boards as much as possible. Tie your boats down well. No camping is allowed on the beach; it's too dangerous. If you are planning to leave for the day，try to get out of town before three. For those of you staying in town, stay indoors and out of your cars.
After the hurricane dies down, be careful of loose electric wires. The electricity company will be out repairing the wires as soon as possible. Don't touch any wires on the ground. If your electricity goes out, be patient. The electricity company will be working as quickly as possible. Keep your radio turned to this station for further information.
答案：
1～5　ACCAB　6～10　BAACB
11～15　CBAAB　16～20　CAACB
第二部分　阅读理解
第一节
A
【语篇解读】　本文为记叙文，讲述了中国明朝宦官郑和率领庞大的船队远航西洋的故事。
21．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第三句可知，永乐皇帝相信通过国际贸易及外交上的“门户开放”政策，中国会在世界上享有更高的声望。C项是远航的结果，不是原因，故选B。
22．答案与解析：B　细节理解题。通读全文可知，郑和的七次航海传播了外交政策，开拓了贸易路线，同时收获了财富和外国的珍奇宝物，故选B。根据第一段可知，这一连串的海上航行只是在短时间内为中国确立了大国的领先地位，故排除A项。
23．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，郑和死后，明朝停止了远洋航行，政策为何会发生这样的转变，一直众说纷纭，文章也没有进一步讲明，故选D。
B
【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了微信与我们的日常生活有着非常紧密的联系，探讨了微信带来的不利影响，启发读者思考应如何看待微信。
24．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Nevertheless, more than 80 percent of WeChat users report feeling stressed or anxious when they receive a large number of messages, according to a study done recently by the app's developer Tencent.”可知，大多数微信用户在收到大量信息时感到很不安，故选A。
25．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第二段可推断出，看到老板分发的任务不理会(还发朋友圈)，会让你的老板生气，故选D。
26．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“A handy way to check how many one off friends you have is to take a look at your chat history with them.”可知，看看你的聊天记录就可以知道谁是你的一次性朋友，故选C。
27．答案与解析：B　主旨大意题。读完本文内容可知，这篇文章讲的是微信让我们的生活受到很多负面的影响，B项“微信好友请求正在毁掉你的生活吗？”涉及微信带来的不利影响，为短文最佳标题，故选B。
C
【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过赶走一只黄蜂这件事，理解了爷爷的话：不要把事情想得太简单，要做好准备。
28．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。由第一段中的“I did not expect to waste an hour on an insect so tiny, but by doing so, I understood what my grandfather meant.”可推断出，作者提到他清除黄蜂的经历是为了让我们了解作者从中所学到的东西，故选B。
29．答案与解析：C　细节理解题。由第二段中的“It is not only time that we tend to underestimate—we don't account for unexpected costs.”和“However，it is important to remember that your day or week or year might not go as planned, and that is completely normal.”可知，事情总是和我们期望的不一样，因为意外的事情会发生，故选C。
30．答案与解析：B　词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在的句子内容“然而，当有东西挡在我们的道路上时，没有必要太自责了。也许我们看不到黄蜂朝我们飞来，但我们总是可以给自己额外的时间去捕捉它。”可推断出beat ourselves up在此意为“过于自责”，故选B。
31．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。由第二段中的“It is not only time that we tend to underestimate—we don't account for unexpected costs.”，“It is perfectly acceptable to feel challenged—even at a task you thought was simple—because that is part of life.”和倒数第二段中的“If you can accept that nothing will ever be easy, then life might seem slightly more manageable.”可推断出，作者希望告诉人们不要把事情想得太简单，故选D。
D
【语篇解读】　这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了故事对儿童的成长和发展起着至关重要的作用。
32．答案与解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，A项“阅读故事对孩子们很有好处”表述正确，故选A。
33．答案与解析：D　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Another part of building confidence is to know where you fit into the world. Stories can help with this process by showing children what people's lives are like where they live and in other parts of the world.”可知，通过阅读故事，让孩子们探索自己在社会中的合适位置，来提高孩子的自信心，故选D。
34．答案与解析：B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“And the process is done in a natural way. There's no actual teaching involved at all, but they learn from simply reading the story.”推断出，作者认为通过阅读来学习非常有效，故选B。
35．答案与解析：D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Watching their responses to the feelings of the characters in the stories will give you some idea of how a child feels about certain situations and emotions.”推断出，父母可以从孩子的阅读反应中更好地了解孩子，故选D。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本篇是说明文。减少班容量传统上被认为可以提高学生的成绩。但新的研究发现，班容量小可能会提高部分学生的阅读成绩，但对于学生的数学成绩来说，没有明显的作用。
36．答案与解析：C　上一句提到：减小班容量可以使老师们给学生更多的关注。该句承接上文，应该继续介绍这么做的好处，故选C，表示：这理论上可以提高学生的学习成绩。C选项中的This指代上一句的内容。
37．答案与解析：F　根据上一句中的“it can have very high costs”和下一句中的“Financial limitations make it very difficult”可知，该段介绍的是班容量和成本方面的关系，F项(提高班容量是学校控制教育费用的常见的方式之一)和此有关，故选F。
38．答案与解析：G　该空前面介绍了新研究的对象和目的。那么，该空仍然要介绍新研究的相关内容，故G选项切题。该空主要介绍新研究的重点：他们特别关注那些试图衡量班级规模更小是否会带来更大学术成就的研究。下一句中的“10 main studies”亦是对该空的补充说明。
39．答案与解析：A　该空前面提到：有一些证据表明减小班容量可能会导致学生阅读成绩的提高。后一句提到：他们发现，来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有53%的概率会高于来自大容量班级学生的所选分数。该空承上启下，应该表明小班教学实际上效果不是很好，故选A。
40．答案与解析：B　上一句提到：来自小容量班学生的随机选择的测试分数只有53%的概率会高于来自大容量班级学生的所选分数。下一句提到：这导致研究者们得出结论：班级容量小对于学生的数学成绩没有好处。该空承接上文，还应该介绍班容量和数学成绩有关的内容，故选B，表示：对于数学成绩来说，这个概率只有49%。
第三部分　语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】　本篇是记叙文。作者在度假期间决心远离网络，并且成功地做到了。作者从中意识到能不能远离网络取决于自己。
41．答案与解析：C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是去看大自然，而是查看我的电子邮件。根据下文“I were still in the office.”可知，作者在度假期间，还是在工作，每天查看电子邮件，故选C。
42．答案与解析：A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每天早上我不是阅读很棒的小说，而是一心阅读网上的报纸。根据上文“...bringing along a modern convenience：the iPad.”可知，作者在iPad上浏览网上的报纸，故选A。
43．答案与解析：B　考查连词短语辨析。句意：那就是问题所在：我表现得好像我还在办公室一样。尽管在度假，但作者还是在工作，就像在办公室一样，故选B。
44．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身体在度假，但我的大脑却不在度假。根据上文“I were still in the office”可知，作者的身体在度假，但是每天还是处于工作状态，大脑并没有休息，故选C。
45．答案与解析：A　考查连词词义辨析。句意：我知道这不容易，因为我不擅长自我控制。“I'm not good at self control”表示原因，“it wouldn't be easy”是结果。此处since引导原因状语从句，故选A。
46．答案与解析：D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我下定了决心。根据下文可知作者把iPad交给妻子是为了表示他远离网络的决心，故选D。
47．答案与解析：C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，幸运的是：我们小屋里的手机信号比以前更糟糕了。根据下文可知，作者没法查看电子邮件和阅读网上的报纸，是因为没有iPad，手机信号也差，故选C。
48．答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被困住了，被迫执行我的计划。此处是“be＋过去分词”结构表被动，be trapped被困。因为iPad已经交给了妻子，手机信号也很差，无法使用网络，作者陷入困境之中，故选A。
49．答案与解析：C　考查动词短语辨析。句意：在很大程度上中断了查看电子邮件、浏览最喜欢的报纸网站，我没什么方法与外界产生联系。be cut off from...与……失去联络，与……隔绝。因为没有网络，作者就无法上网查看电子邮件、阅读网络报纸，故选C。
50．答案与解析：B　考查动词短语辨析。作者不能查看电子邮件、阅读网络报纸，就无法与外界产生联系。connect to联系，故选B。
51．答案与解析：A　考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我的决心和妻子的大力支持下，我在假期与网络的斗争中取得了成功。struggle against和……的斗争。作者在假期展开了远离网络的斗争，故选A。
52．答案与解析：D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我终于意识到问题出在我自己身上，而不是iPad，故选D。
53．答案与解析：A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们经过一家星巴克时，我妻子问我是否想停下来用一下Wi Fi。“不需要，”我说。我知道我赢了。根据上文“I succeeded in my vacation struggle against the Internet”中的“succeeded”可知，作者赢了这场斗争，故选A。
54．答案与解析：C　考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们返回工作岗位时，一个考验开始了：我能在返回工作岗位后继续(远离网络)吗？上下文语义转折，however表示转折关系，故选C。
55．答案与解析：B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不打算完全放弃我的iPad。但我希望能抵制住每五分钟就要使用它的诱惑。根据下文可知，作者并不是完全放弃不用iPad，而是有所控制地使用，故选B。
第二节
【语篇解读】　本篇是说明文。文章介绍了抑郁症的症状、普遍性以及如何治疗等相关情况。
56．答案与解析：are　考查主谓一致。句意：悲伤、情绪低落、对日常活动失去兴趣或乐趣是我们都很熟悉的症状。句子叙述的是客观事实，应该是一般现在时。句子的主语“Sadness, feeling down and having a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities”指三种不同的症状，是复数意义，因此be用are。
57．答案与解析：which　考查定语从句关系词。句意：根据疾病控制和预防中心(CDCP)的数据，12岁以上的人群中，7.6%的人在任意两周的周期内都会有抑郁症状，这表明了这个问题的规模性。“57.______ shows the scale of the issue”是非限制性定语从句，此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，意思为“这件事，这一点”，故填which。
58．答案与解析：disability　考查名词。句意：根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的数据，抑郁症是世界上最常见的疾病，也是导致残疾的主要原因。在介词of后应该是名词，故填disability。
59．答案与解析：are affected　考查时态和语态。句意：他们估计全球有3.5亿人受到抑郁症的影响。people和affect是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，句子叙述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态；主语35 million people是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式，故填are affected。
60．答案与解析：Generally　考查副词。句意：通常来说，症状包括缺少快乐和对事物的兴趣降低。修饰整个句子，应该用副词Generally。
61．答案与解析：lasting　考查现在分词。句意：这是一个持续性的问题，不是一个暂时性的问题，平均持续6到8个月。主语It和last为逻辑上的主动关系，此处用现在分词lasting做状语，表示补充说明，故填lasting。
62．答案与解析：with　考查固定短语。句意：抑郁症的诊断应从咨询医生或心理健康专家开始。start with从……开始，故填with。
63．答案与解析：effective　考查形容词。句意：重要的是要寻求健康专业人士的帮助，以排除抑郁症的不同原因，确保准确的诊断和安全有效的治疗。修饰名词treatment应该用形容词effective。
64．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。句意：对于大多数去看医生的人来说，可能会进行体检，检查身体原因和其他状况。“the＋单数名词”表示泛指一类人或事物，故填the。
65．答案与解析：to check　考查不定式。句意：对于大多数去看医生的人来说，可能会进行体检，检查身体原因和其他状况。此处用不定式做目的状语，表示目的，故填to check。
第四部分　写作
第一节
参考范文
Dear Sir or Madam，
I am writing to complain that the illegal hunt for ocean creatures is becoming bad to worse; as a result, the past five years has witnessed the sharp decrease of the whale because it has been the main target of the illegal hunt in the whole world.
If the balance of nature is destroyed, we will suffer a lot. There was a time when we were not aware of the importance of plants, and then drought and flood went hand in hand. If we did not stop the illegal hunt in the ocean, we would lose our home.
We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文
However, Stevedidn'tunderstandwhatthehomelessguymeantatthatmoment. He continued to help a homeless guy at the station, but the guy that he had met before didn't appear again. Shortly after his car was ready，he could go to work by car. In addition, whenever he met a person in need, he was always helping them. However, day by day, he spent all his savings and salary. As a result，he couldn't help others in need, which made Steve upset.
Afterafewyears, he became poorer and poorer and his car was sold in the end. Steve had to take a subway at the station. One day, he happened to stay where he once helped the guy. He suddenly thought what the guy said and understood what he meant. Therefore, he didn't want to be a person who was looking for bricks. He needed to help others with the change in his pocket or a meal.