Unit 7Careers
Part A Topic Talk
【学习目标】
课时词汇 常用短语
quality, consultant, fascinated, imagination, confident, reliable, persuade, impressive get on, apart from, serve as
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或根据汉意和词性写出正确单词
1．secretary n. ________________
2．architect n. ________________
3．dentist n. ________________
4．receptionist n. ________________
5．businessman n. ________________
6．librarian n. ________________
7．radio operator n. ________________
8．chemist n. ________________
9．hotel clerk n. ________________
10．philosopher n. ________________
11．________________ n. 顾问
12．________________ n. 新闻记者
13．________________ n. 律师
14．________________ n. 科学家
15．________________ n. 教育家
Ⅱ.根据下面所给单词，写出对应的派生词
1．administrate v．管理→____________ n．管理员→____________ n. 经营，管理
2．manage v．管理；负责→____________ n. 经理→____________ n．经营，管理
3．rely v．依靠→____________ adj.可靠的，可依赖的
4．persuade vt.说服，劝服→____________ n. 说服，劝服
5．credit n．学分；赊购，信贷→____________ adj. 可信的→____________ adj.可称誉的，可赞赏的
6．impress vt. 给留下深刻印象→____________ n. 印象，感觉→____________ adj. 给人留下深刻印象的→____________ n. 印象派艺术家
7．law n．法律→____________ n．律师
第一版块：核心单词
1．persuade vt.说服，劝服 persuasive adj.有说服力的，令人信服的 persuasion n．说服，劝说
(教材P104)．..how they persuade clients to buy products.……他们如何说服客户购买产品。
(1)说服，劝服
persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do/out of doing sth. 说服某人不做某事
I shall persuade the producer to give up the crazy plan.
＝I shall persuade the producer into giving up the crazy plan.
我将说服制片人放弃这个疯狂的计划。
It is really hard for us to persuade the citizens not to eat out.
＝It is really hard for us to persuade the citizens out of eating out.我们很难说服市民不要在外面吃饭。
(2)使相信，使信服
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事
persuade sb.＋that从句 使某人相信……
How can I persuade you of my sincerity
我如何能够使你相信我的诚意？
We could not persuade him that she would be responsible for the matter.我们无法使他相信她会对此事负责。
[误区警示] 如果表示“说而不服”或“劝而不服”可用try to persuade sb. to do sth.或advise sb. to do sth.。
The boy tried to persuade his father to give up smoking.
男孩试图劝父亲戒烟。
They advised me to participate in the campaign to raise the public's awareness of environmental protection.
他们劝我去参加提高公众环保意识的活动。
[易混辨析]
persuade说服，强调劝说的结果；
advise建议，强调劝说的动作。
advise sb. to do sth.＝try to persuade sb. to do sth.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The function of advertising is that it can persuade customers ________ (buy) the kinds of goods.
②Since smoking is harmful to health, I try to persuade him ________ giving it up as soon as possible.
③I could not persuade myself ________ this exciting moment would ever come.
④I'm firmly persuaded ________ the man's innocence.
辨析填空：persuade, advise
⑤I ________ my parents to purchase a big house but they wouldn't listen to me.
⑥The manager ________ the architect to be responsible for the design of the whole building, who was glad to accept the task eventually.
同义句转换
⑦I'll persuade him to grasp the precious chance.
→I'll ____________________________________ the precious chance.
⑧I never persuaded the agent to stop smoking.
→Many times I tried ______________________ the agent to stop smoking, but failed.
2.reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 unreliable adj.不可靠的 rely vi.依赖；信任
(教材P104)I am reliable and I always get on well with everyone I meet.
我是个值得信赖的人，总能和遇到的每个人相处融洽。
a reliable friend 一个可信赖的朋友
need a reliable method 需要一个可靠的办法
information coming from a reliable source
来源可靠的消息
The sponsor thought he was a reliable person and told him all about the new plan.
赞助商认为他是一个可靠的人，就把关于新计划的全部内容都告诉了他。
The lawyer is so reliable that you can rely on him to deal with the case.
这个律师很可靠，你可以依靠他来处理这起案件。
rely on/upon＋n./doing 信赖，依赖
rely on sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事
rely on it that...＝depend on it that... 相信……
I rely on him because he is reliable.
我依靠他是因为他很可靠。
You may rely on it that she won't change her mind.
你可以放心，她不会改变主意的。
[教师提醒] rely on＝depend on依赖，依靠，指望
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He is a ________ (rely) boy and all his friends can rely on him if they are in trouble.
②The physician who is responsible for your disease is ________ (rely), so don't be too worried.
③If this sweater is not ________ (comfort), I suggest you take it off immediately.
④You can rely/depend on it ________ the lawyer would like to accept the suggestion.
完成句子
⑤The assistant may be slow but at least ________________________ (她是很可靠的).
⑥I don't think the politician is ______________________________ (一个可靠的人).
⑦You can ______________________ (依靠) me for help.
⑧I rely upon you __________________________ (完成工作) on time.
3.credit n．学分；赊购，信贷；赞扬；为……赢得荣誉的人
(教材P104)．..so I get the grades and credits I need to do a degree in business or communication studies at a university.……这样我才能拿到在大学攻读商学或传播学学位所需要的成绩和学分。
be a credit to... 为……增光
to one's credit 某人值得赞扬的是
on credit 赊欠
Every employee, including the assistant, spares no effort to be a credit to the company.
每一位员工，包括助理，都不遗余力地为公司赢得荣誉。
To his credit, John Snow finally found a cure for the severe disease.
值得赞扬的是，约翰·斯诺终于找到了这种严重疾病的治疗方法。
If you can't afford to pay cash, purchase the furniture on credit.
你若是付不起现金，可以赊购这套家具。
The butcher never buys with credit cards.
这肉贩从不用信用卡购物。
[词语积累]
a letter of credit信用证
in credit有结余
a credit balance of $35
35美元的贷方余额
a credit of $35 35美元的存款
one's credit limit某人的信用额度
[即学即练] 写出句中credit的含义
①You must pass the examination to get credits for the course.________________
②They are working hard for the credit of China.________________
③He is very awkward about giving us further credit．________________
完成句子
④__________________________ (值得赞扬的是), Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.
4.impressive adj.给人印象深刻的，令人钦佩的
(教材P104)You got your bachelor's degree at the University of Cambridge and your master's at the University of London—that's impressive.你在剑桥大学获得了学士学位，在伦敦大学获得了硕士学位——真令人钦佩。
an impressive novel 给人深刻印象的小说
an impressive performance 令人难忘的演出
an impressive achievement 令人赞叹的成就
The speech the famous architect delivered to the freshmen in this university is impressive.
那位著名的建筑师给这所大学的新生做的演讲令人印象深刻。
This movie is so impressive that we can't help crying.
这部电影如此令人印象深刻，以至于我们禁不住哭了。
[词语积累]
(1)impress vt.使留下深刻印象
impress sb. with sth.某物给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by对……印象深刻
impress sth. on sb.使某人了解某事的重要性
(2)impression n．印象
make an impression (on sb.)(给某人)留下印象
leave an impression on sb.给某人留下印象
leave/make a(n)...impression on sb.给某人留下……印象
first impression第一印象
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My first ________ (impress) of her was that she was an enthusiastic woman.
②I was impressed ________ his honesty when we met for the first time.
③His ________ (impress) story moved all the people present to tears.
完成句子
④I ________________________ (对……印象深刻) her serious attitude to academic research.
⑤The first time I saw him, his sense of humour ____________________________________ (给……留下深刻印象)on me.
⑥My father ____________________________ (向我强调) the importance of hard work.
一句两译
她流利的英语口语给我们留下了深刻印象。
⑦________________________________________________________________________
⑧________________________________________________________________________
5.quality n．素质，性质；质量，品质
(教材P6)Personal qualities个人素质
the personal qualities 个人素质
have leadership qualities 具有领导素质
the physical and chemical qualities of the rock
岩石的物理特性和化学特性
air/water quality 空气质量/水质量
the quality of life/education 生活质量/教育质量
(be) of high/good/low/poor quality 质量好(上乘)/次(差)
goods of high quality 优质商品
a man of quality 一位素质好的人
For in-person humor, quality isn't as important as you might think.
对于面对面的幽默，质量并不像你想象的那么重要。
Some e-books are of good quality and brilliant.
有些电子书的质量上乘，的确不错。
[易错警示]
quality是名词，当作“质量”解时，通常用作单数形式，看作不可数名词；而当作“品质”解时，通常用作可数名词。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is difficult to engage teachers ________ quality.
②The store is proud of the ________ (quality) of its wine.
③He has all the ________ (quality) of a successful businessman.
④Courage is one of the ________ (quality) of a good soldier.
⑤The steady rise in the ________ (quality) ________ our ________ (product) owes much ________ the improvement of the equipment.
完成句子
⑥他承认，在法国生活质量比效率重要得多。
He acknowledges that ________________________ is much more important than efficiency in France.
6.consultant n．顾问；会诊医生 consult v．咨询；请教；商量；查阅
(教材P6)．..sales consultant, librarian, radio operator，...……销售顾问，图书管理员，无线电操作员，……
a firm of management consultants 管理咨询公司
He is a consultant on labour affairs to the mayor.
他是市长的一位劳工顾问。
There are many consultants in hospital.
医院里有很多会诊医生。
consult v.
consult with sb. about/on sth. 与某人就某事进行磋商
consult with sb. about a secret 与某人商量一件机密事
consult a dictionary/a map/a teacher
查阅词典/查阅地图/请教老师
consult sb. about sth. 就某事向某人咨询
consult for sth. 在……(机构/团体)里当顾问
Facer consults for a large building firm.费塞在一个大建筑公司当顾问。
If you have any doubts about your health, you'd better consult your physician at once.
你如果对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上咨询你的医生。
Consult with your father before you decide.在你决定之前征求一下你父亲的意见。
[常见搭配]
consult widely 广泛咨询
consult closely 密切磋商
consult frequently 经常征求意见
consult regularly 定期征求意见
consult adequately 充分地征求意见
consult properly 适当地征求意见
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I'm a 34-year-old man, married, live in a nice house, and have a successful career as a management ________ (consult).
②The salesgirl said she would have to consult the supervisor ________ the matter.
③Before we can accept the firm's offer, we must consult ________ the workers.
④I consult ________ a friend of mine ________ it.
⑤Imes consults ________ a trading company.
7.fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的；极感兴趣的
(教材P6)I'm fascinated by how companies develop under the market economy.
我对公司如何在市场经济下发展很感兴趣。
sb. be fascinated by/with 对……着迷
＝sth. fascinates sb.＝sth. be fascinating to sb. 令某人着迷
I am fascinated by/with her music.＝Her music fascinates me.
＝Her music is fascinating to me.她的音乐让我着迷。
I sat on the stairs and watched, fascinated.
我坐在楼梯上看得入了迷。
A new generation of scientists became fascinated by dinosaurs.
新一代科学家着迷于恐龙研究。
[词语积累]
fascinate vt.深深吸引，迷住 fascinating adj.迷人的；吸引人的
[用法拓展]
(1)be/look/prove/sound＋fascinating
确实/看上去/证明/听起来迷人
例：His testimony in court could prove fascinating．
他在法庭上的证词可能会很打动人。
(2)become/seem＋fascinating变得/似乎很迷人
例：It just seemed really fascinating to me.
我似乎真的为之迷住了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I was ________ (fascinate) to hear about the saleman's travels in Japan.
②Her beauty ________(fascinate) every boy.
③She was fascinated ________ the spectacle ________ a rocket launching.
④The rabbit sat without ________ (move), ________ (fascinate) by the glare of our headlights.
⑤The changing vivid colours of the sunset are really ________ (fascinate).
完成句子
⑥我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但由于这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，我从未追求过它们。
I had always been ________________ chemistry, biology, and math, but since those interests hadn't fit Tyson's definition of “cool”， I had never pursued them.
8.imagination n．想象，想象力 imagine vt.想象
(教材P6)．..children use their imaginations in learning，...
孩子们在学习中运用他们的想象力，……
(1)great imagination 杰出的想象力
a vivid imagination 生动的想象力
have (an) imagination 有想象力
use one's imagination 发挥想象力
show imagination 展现想象力
lack imagination 缺乏想象力
be full of imagination 充满想象力
(2)imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
imagine sb. doing sth. 想象某人做某事
imagine...as... 把……想象成……
The architect had rich imagination and she was brave.
那位建筑师有丰富的想象力，也很勇敢。
I cannot imagine how to do it.我不敢想象该怎么办。
He imagined himself as manager of the company.
他把自己想象成公司的经理。
[词汇拓展] imagine...(to be) n．/adj.
She imagines herself to be a bird.她想象自己是一只鸟。
imagine＋wh- to＋v.
I cannot imagine what to do in this dreadful situation.
我难以想象在这么糟的情况下该怎么办。
imagine ＋n./pron.＋p.p.
He imagined himself insulted．他认为自己受了侮辱。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our ________ (imagine) to wander.
②I can't imagine ________ (do) anything else with my life.
③You can't imagine ________ difficult it is to get away from the office.
④We tried to imagine ________ (we) ________ old men.
⑤Don't imagine your husband ________ (be) always wrong.
⑥Can you imagine ________ (he) ________ (become) a famous singer
⑦They imagined your ship ________ (wreck)
一句多译：我猜想他是个又高又大的人。
⑧I imagine him ________________________________ man.
⑨I imagine him ________________________ man.
⑩I imagine him ____________________________ man.
9.confident adj.自信的；确信的；有把握的 confidently adv.自信地 confidence n．自信，信心
(教材P6)Qualities: hard-working, confident, reliable, creative, intelligent, open to new ideas品质：勤奋，自信，可靠，有创造力，聪明，易于接受新思想
be confident of/about 对……有把握
feel confident about/in 对……感到自信
be confident that... 确信……
a confident smile/voice 自信的微笑/嗓音
I feel confident about the future of rock-and-roll music in China.我对摇滚乐在中国的前景充满信心。
I am confident in him.我对他充满信心。
We are confident of our ability to create tests that are valid and reliable.
我们相信我们有能力编写合理可信的测试题。
lack confidence 缺乏自信
raise one's confidence 提高某人的自信心
have confidence in 对……有信心，信赖……
with confidence 满怀信心地；有把握地
He wouldn't take me into his confidence.
他不愿把我当作知己。
I had confidence, however, in my own youth and energy.
然而，我对自己的青春和精力充满了信心。
[词汇拓展]
capture/enjoy/gain sb.'s confidence得到某人的信任
create confidence产生信心
establish confidence树立信心
obtain the confidence of...取得……的信任
place one's confidence in...对……给予信任
put confidence in...相信……；信任……
in confidence私下里，秘密地
take sb. into one's confidence把某人当知己
with little confidence缺乏信心地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The teacher persuaded them to speak ________ (confident) in public.
②One self-deprecating comment is a generous and even ________ (confidence) form of humor.
③We are confident ________ his ability ________ (achieve) success.
④He is confident ________ saying that the new record will ________ (break) soon.
第二版块：重点短语
1．be responsible for对……负责；是……的原因
(教材P104)I hope I'll be a manager and be responsible for a team of other members.
我希望我能成为一名经理，负责管理一个团队的其他成员。
The children are responsible for cleaning their own rooms.孩子们负责清扫自己的房间。
The cold weather is responsible for his absence.
寒冷的天气是他缺席的原因。
[误区警示]
be responsible for后跟事物，指“对某事物负责”。
be responsible to后跟人，指“向某人负责”。
We just have to be responsible to ourselves.我们只需向自己负责。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①They figured out at last that the driver should be responsible ________ the terrible accident.
②He is responsible ________ me for it.
完成句子
③A faulty security system ________________________ (是……的原因) the loss of antiques.
④Our duty is ________________ (对……负责) the people.
2.get on/along (well) with sb.与某人相处(融洽)
(教材P104)I am reliable and I always get on well with everyone I meet.
我是个值得信赖的人，总能和遇到的每个人相处融洽。
The screenwriter can always get on well with his colleagues.
这个编剧总是能和同事们相处得很好。
The lawyer didn't know how to get along with his new assistant.这位律师不知道如何与他的新助手相处。
get along 进展，进步
get across (使)被理解，(把……)讲清楚
get away (from) (从……)脱离，逃脱……
get away with (做坏事)不受惩罚
get down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事
He is eager to figure out how his son is getting along with his new job.他急于弄清楚他儿子的新工作的进展情况。
The dentist didn't know how to get across to the old patient about his situation.
牙医不知道如何向那位年老的病人说明他的情况。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①There is no doubt that you can get ________ well with them.
②How are you getting along ________ your studies
③If you cheat in the exam, you'll never get away ________ it.
④I rang you several times but wasn't able to get ________．
⑤After the meeting we have to get down ________ work.
完成句子
⑥She ________________________ (与……相处得不好) the other pupils.
⑦Only when we follow the laws of nature, can we better __________________________(与它融洽相处).
3.apply for申请
(教材P104)I see you've applied for the position of sales consultant in our international sales department...我知道你已经申请了我公司国际销售部销售顾问的职位……
I made up my mind to apply for a scholarship.
我决定申请奖学金。
apply to do sth. 申请做某事
apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某事
apply...to... 把……涂抹在……上；把……应用于……
apply to... 适用于……
apply oneself to 致力于，专心于
He applied to complete the challenging task.
他申请完成这项具有挑战性的任务。
He has applied to the famous dentist for the position of his assistant and is still waiting for the reply.他已经向那位著名的牙医申请了助手的职位，还在等待答复。
We should not only know the theory but also know how to apply it to practice.
我们不仅要知道理论，还要知道怎样把理论应用于实践。
These principles apply to learning maths.
这些法则适用于学习数学。
She applied herself to her new duties with great enthusiasm.
她满腔热情地投入到她的新任务中。
[词语积累]
applicant n．申请人
application n．申请(书)；应用；涂抹；努力
[常见搭配]
(1)file a written application to...
make a written application to...
send a written application to...
submit a written application to...
向……提交/提出/递交书面申请
(2)fill out/in application填写申请表
withdraw application撤回申请
accept application接受申请
(3)application guideline申请指南
application deadline申请截止时期
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The nurse applied some medicine ________ her swollen arm.
②What a coincidence! My middle school classmate applied ________ a position in the company where my brother was working.
③The ________ (apply) was required to give his opinion about the development of the company.
④Your foot will feel better after the ________ (apply) of this ointment.
完成句子
⑤To whom should I ________________________ (申请) a license
⑥If you can concentrate and ________________________ (专心于) the job in hand, you'll soon finish it.
4.on one's way (to...)在(去……的)路上；即将成为
(教材P104)Then I'll be on my way.然后我就能朝着理想前进了。
On his way home, he came across the librarian who scolded him for making noise in the library.在回家的路上，他遇到了那个责备他在图书馆制造噪音的图书馆管理员。
There is a way of encountering error while on one's way to the truth.在通往真理的路上总会遇到错误。
in a way 在某种程度上；从某一角度看
in no way 决不；一点也不(位于句首时句子应倒装)
In a way, you should be responsible for the matter, for it was you who told him the bad news.从某种意义上来说，你应该对这件事负责，因为是你告诉他这个坏消息的。
In no way can she be prevented from purchasing such an expensive dress.怎么也阻止不了她买这么贵的连衣裙。
[归纳拓展]
all the way 一路上，自始至终；完全地，无保留地
by the way顺便说一下 in the way挡着……的路；碍事
on the way在路上 no way没门儿，决不
push one's way out挤出去 feel one's way摸着路前进
fight one's way杀出一条路 make one's way前进；前往
wind one's way蜿蜒前行
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①You will soon receive the parcel for it is ________ the way.
②We can allow such a thing to continue ________ no way.
③________ the way, can I get the money out if I need it in an emergency
完成句子
④________________________ (在某种程度上), I agree with your estimate of the situation.
⑤I couldn't get through the door because there was a big box ____________________ (挡路).
⑥He is ________________________ (即将成为) a lawyer.
⑦I am grateful to him for supporting me ____________________ (完全地).
⑧____________________ (在去……的路上)the hospital, he met with the physician who cured him of his illness.
5.apart from除了……之外
(教材P104)And, apart from all of that, what do you think is your best quality as a sales consultant？并且，除此之外，你认为作为一名销售顾问，你最好的素质是什么？
Apart from some severe injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.
他除了脸部和双手受伤严重以外，两条腿也断了。
[词语辨析] apart from, besides, except, except for, except that/when/where...与but
易混词 用法
apart from 表示“除了……之外”，与except用法近似；还可作“除了……之外(还)，此外”讲，相当于in addition to或besides
besides 表示一种累加关系，意思是“除了……之外还有……”
except 表示一种排除关系，意思是“除了……之外”
except for 表示从整体中排除部分，意思是“除……之外”，所排除的情况往往不影响整体或大局
except that/when/where... 后面要接从句，表示“除了……之外”
but 作介词用时，意思是“除……之外”，相当于except，通常与no，all，nobody，everything等词连用
I can do nothing except swimming in the dog days.
在三伏天里，除了游泳，我什么事也做不成。
I know nothing about him except that he is a philosopher.
我对他一无所知，只知道他是一位哲学家。
We can do nothing but study even harder in this special winter vacation.
在这个特殊的寒假里，我们什么也不能做，只能更加努力地学习。
[归纳总结]
apart from/except (for)除了(不包括)
apart from/besides/in addition to除了(还……)(包括)
[图示]
A is dark apart from/except C．(√)
B is white apart from/besides/in addition to C．(√)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Bicycling is good exercise. ________， it does not pollute the air.
②—How about your journey to Mount Emei
—Everything was wonderful except ________ our car broke down twice on the way.
③His performance was very good except ________ a small fault.
④The general manager, apart ________ his assistant, should be responsible for the failure of the programme.
辨析填空：apart from, besides, except, except for, except that, but
⑤There were four more bottles of beer ________ the two he gave us.
⑥________， the sweater is made of pure wool, very soft.
⑦The weather was good ________________ an occasional shower.
⑧I know nothing about him ________ he is an exceptionally brilliant designer.
⑨I've finished all my homework ________ the last question.
⑩I have nothing to do ________ wait.
6.the key to ……的关键；……的钥匙
(教材P7)Communication—the human connection—is the key to personal and career success.沟通——人与人之间的联系——是个人和事业成功的关键。
One's attitude is the key to success.一个人的态度是成功的关键。
[归纳拓展]
the attitude to ……的态度
the entrance to ……的入口
the answer/reply to ……的答案
the door to ……的门口
the solution to ……的解决办法
(1)What annoyed us was not what he said to the librarian but his attitude to her.使我们恼火的不是他对图书馆管理员说的话，而是他对她的态度。
(2)To tell the truth, the assistant hasn't found the solution to the poor management.说实话，这个助理还没有找到解决管理不善的办法。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Don't worry. There is no doubt that we will find a solution ________ the problem.
②Guests have free entrance ________ the swimming pool and the health club.
③The key to ________ (keep) good manners online is to be thoughtful.
完成句子
④I won't tell the student ______________________(……的答案) the maths problem until he has been working on it for more than an hour.
⑤______________________ (……的入口) the meeting room has already been closed.
7.serve as担任；充当；用作
(教材P7)Zhuge Liang(181－234), a Chinese politician and military strategist who served as the Prime Minister of the State of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.
诸葛亮(181－234)，三国时期担任蜀汉宰相的中国政治家和军事家。
serve as the schoolmaster 担任校长
serve as a ladder 充当梯子
serve as an office 用作办公室
In this way, arts and culture also serve as a public good.
这样，艺术和文化也就成为一种公益。(此处good用作名词，意为“用处，好处，益处”)
[归纳拓展]
serve sb.为某人服务
serve sb. sth.＝serve sth. to sb.招待某人某物(吃/喝)
serve sb. a good dinner招待某人吃了一顿美餐
serve the country为国效力 serve tables张罗膳食
serve the customers为顾客服务 serve in the army服兵役，当兵
serve at a hospital在医院工作 serve at table做招待
serve at the front在前方服役 serve for a bed可用作床
[即学即练] 完成句子
①下列哪一项最适合作为这篇文章的标题？
Which of the following can best ________________ the title of the passage
②The dictionary may ________________________ (充当) a pillow.
③This fact will ________________ (充当) an illustration to show the importance of technical innovation.
④Our duty is ____________________________________ (为人民服务).
一句多译：她给我们准备了美餐。
⑤She served us ________________________________．
⑥She served ____________________________________ us.
⑦She served us ____________________________________．
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A consultant of a company should be experienced in business ________ (管理，行政).
2．Traveling ________ (销售员) make their living by visiting as many clients as possible.
3．The butcher also approached a ________ (牙医) to learn more about teeth cleaning.
4．The saleswoman could have been a ________ (优秀的) pianist if she'd put her mind to it.
5．The receptionists really enjoy its ________ (吸引人的，迷人的) sea view, facilities and services.
6．A brilliant ________ (律师) might find a way of getting you out of trouble.
7．________ (建筑设计师) tell their clients that floors can span 100 metres without any visible means of support.
8．That institution wanted to hire him as their ________ (顾问), but he declined firmly.
9．An agreement was finally reached between ________ (管理) and clients.
10．Students gain college ________ (学分) which count towards their CVs(简历＝Curriculum Vitae的复数).
Ⅱ.短语填空
apply for, be fascinated by, serve as, get on well with, be responsible for, on one's way, apart from, let down, rather than, be confident about
1．______________ my assistant, I didn't know a single person there.
2．The salesman failed to sell his new product and went home feeling lonely and ________________．
3．The lawyer takes the view that children ________________ their own actions.
4．Can the saleswoman ________________ all the other colleagues in her company
5．Westerners have great interest in the Chinese culture and some ________________ ancient Chinese works.
6．The architect only made the decision to ________________ training after years of consideration.
7．The young man with master's degree ________________ job-hunting and soon got a job in a securities agency.
8．He volunteered to ________________ the manager of our department store.
9．His mother told him to return his sister's books to the librarian ________________ to Jim's house.
10．The butcher thought it would be better to transport the goods by rail ________________ by road.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three ________ (credit).
2．On our way ________ the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
3．Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply ________ Peking University...
4．The training schedule, apart ________ regular training, includes joining in a variety of activities, such as participating in some national competitions.
5．Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections, contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one ________ (impress) museum and art gallery.
6．Residents are responsible ________ keeping their rooms, kitchens and shower rooms clean and tidy.
7．I do know how upset the shop staff can get, but I try to persuade them ________ (keep) smiling.
8．Some students don't have a ________ (rely) car, while others have to share vehicles with parents who work six days a week.
9．While the students came from different countries, they got ________ quite well in the summer camp.
10．For many British people, that can apply ________ institutions and objects that represent their country's past—age-old castles, splendid homes...and red phone boxes.
Ⅳ.汉译英(用括号内的短语)
1．是什么最后使你决定放弃你完美的计划的？(强调句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．这个报告关注的是技术如何影响人类生活而非商业管理。(rather than)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．这位女销售员希望能有学习其他语言的机会。(would like to do)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．我们注意到助理过马路了，可他没注意我们。(notice sb. do)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．我深深地被蒙古族的独特的文化和艺术所吸引。(be fascinated by)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Unit 7 Careers
Part A Topic Talk
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.
1．秘书 2.建筑师 3.牙医 4.接待员 5.商人 6.图书馆管理员 7.无线电操作员 8.化学家 9.饭店职员 10.哲学家 11.consultant 12.journalist 13.lawyer 14.scientist
15．educationalist
Ⅱ.
1．administrator administration 2.manager management
3．reliable 4.persuasion 5.credible creditable
6．impression impressive impressionist 7.lawyer
核心突破·要点讲解
第一版块：核心单词
1．①to buy ②into ③that ④of ⑤advised ⑥persuaded
⑦persuade him into grasping ⑧to persuade
2．①reliable ②reliable ③comfortable ④that ⑤she's very reliable ⑥a reliable person ⑦rely on ⑧to finish the work
3．①学分 ②荣誉 ③贷款，赊欠 ④To his credit
4．①impression ②with/by ③impressive ④was impressed with/by ⑤left/made a deep impression ⑥impressed on me ⑦Her fluent spoken English left/made a deep impression on us. ⑧We were impressed with/by her fluent spoken English.
5．①of ②quality ③qualities ④qualities ⑤quality of products to ⑥quality of life
6．①consultant ②about ③with ④with about/on ⑤for
7．①fascinated ②fascinated/fascinates ③by of
④moving fascinated ⑤fascinating ⑥fascinated with
8．①imaginations ②doing ③how ④ourselves as
⑤to be ⑥him becoming ⑦wrecked ⑧to be a big tall
⑨a big tall ⑩as a big tall
9．①confidently ②confident ③in to achieve
④in be broken
第二版块：重点短语
1．①for ②to ③is responsible for ④responsible to
2．①on/along ②with ③with ④through ⑤to ⑥did not get on/along well with ⑦get on/along with it
3．①to ②for ③applicant ④application ⑤apply for
⑥apply yourself to
4．①on ②in ③By ④In a way ⑤in the way ⑥on his way to becoming ⑦all the way ⑧On his way to
5．①Besides ②that ③for ④from ⑤besides/apart from
⑥Besides ⑦except for ⑧except that ⑨apart from/except ⑩but
6．①to ②to ③keeping ④the answer to
⑤The entrance to
7．①serve as ②serve as/serve for ③serve as/for
④to serve the people ⑤a good dinner ⑥a good dinner to
⑦with a good dinner
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.
1．administration 2.salesmen 3.dentist 4.brilliant
5．fascinating 6.lawyer 7.Architects 8.consultant
9．management 10.credits
Ⅱ.
1．Apart from 2.let down 3.are responsible for 4.get on well with 5.are fascinated by 6.apply for 7.was confident about 8.serve as 9.on his way 10.rather than
Ⅲ.
1．答案与解析：credits 数词three后用名词复数。句意：……有人告诉我，教育部正在提供一门“免费”的课程，叫作思维国际象棋，该课程有三个学分。
2．答案与解析：to on one's way to在去……的路上，为固定搭配。句意：在我们回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们不禁想知道要多久才能到那里。
3．答案与解析：for apply for申请。句意：了解到你对中国文化有着浓厚的兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学……
4．答案与解析：from apart from除了……之外。句意：训练计划除了常规训练外，还包括参加各种各样的活动，如参加一些全国性的比赛。
5．答案与解析：impressive 形容词作定语。句意：发现、探索和享受屡获殊荣的Tullie House，在这里，历史收藏、当代艺术和家庭乐趣聚集在一个令人印象深刻的博物馆和艺术画廊。
6．答案与解析：for be responsible for对……负责。句意：居民有责任保持他们的房间、厨房和淋浴间干净整洁。
7．答案与解析：to keep persuade sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事。句意：我的确知道店员会有多生气，但我设法说服他们保持微笑。
8．答案与解析：reliable 形容词作定语。句意：一些学生没有一辆可靠的汽车，而另一些学生不得不与每周工作六天的父母共用车辆。
9．答案与解析：on/along get on/along well相处得好。句意：虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营里相处得很好。
10．答案与解析：to 句意：对许多英国人来说，这可以适用于代表他们国家过去的机构和物品——古老的城堡、华丽的住宅……和红色电话亭。
Ⅳ.
1．What was it that finally decided you to give up your brilliant plan
2．The report's focus is on how technology affects human life rather than business management.
3．The saleswoman would like to have the chance to study other languages.
4．We noticed the assistant walk across the road, but he didn't notice us.
5．I am deeply fascinated by the unique Mongolian culture and art.Part B Lesson 1 EQ: IQ
【学习目标】
课时词汇 常用短语 典型句式
intelligence, employ, determine, promote, predict, measure, association, adjust, announce, disability, willing, react, accuse end up doing sth., on other hand, in terms of, get ahead 1.even if引导的让步状语从句 2．suggest＋that从句 3．强调句式 4．过去分词作状语 5．There is little/no doubt that...毫无疑问……
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或根据汉意和词性写出正确单词
1．presentation skills ________________
2．communication skills ________________
3．comprehension skills ________________
4．the job trends of the future ________________
5．a lot of routine office or factory jobs ________________
6．adapt to a changing world ________________
7．________________ n. 智力，智慧
8．________________ v. 决定
9．________________ v. &n. 雇用
10．________________ v. 预言，预测
11．________________ n. 联系；协会，社团
12．________________ v. 适应，调整，调节
13．________________ v. 宣布，公布
14．________________ v. (作出)反应
Ⅱ.根据下面所给单词，写出对应的派生词
1．intelligence n．智力，智慧→____________ adj.智能的，聪明的
2．employ vt.雇用；聘请→____________ n. 聘请，雇用；工作→____________ n. 雇主→____________ n．雇员
3．determine vt.决定，测定→____________ n．决定
4．announce vt.宣布；宣告；公布→____________ n．布告，公告
5．able adj.能够的→____________ n．能力→____________ n．残障
6．association n．联系，社团，协会→__________ v. 联系
7．disable vt.使伤残→____________ adj.残疾的，有学习障碍的
8．sole adj.仅有的，唯一的→____________ adv.唯一地，仅仅
9．act v．起作用→____________ vt.(做出)反应
10．together adv.一起→____________ adv.总共，完全，全部
[词语积累]
[1] come with伴随……发生
[2] intelligence/ n'tel d ns/
n．智力，智慧，理解力
[3] quotient/'kw nt/n.(质量、情感等的)指数，程度
[4] determine/d 't m n/vt.决定，直接影响；测定，确定
determine to do sth.决定做某事
determined adj.坚定的，坚决的
determination n．决心
[5] suggest vt.表明，暗示(后接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语气)
[6] success n．[U]成功；[C]成功的人/事
[7] intelligent/ n'tel d nt/adj.机智的，有才智的；有智慧的，聪明的
[8] term n．术语；词语
[9] employ/ m'pl /vt. &n．雇用
employment n．职业；雇用；使用
[10] predict/pr 'd kt/vt.预言，预料，预测
prediction n．预测，预言
[11] measure vt.测量；估量，判定
measurement n．测量
[12] matter vi.有关系；要紧
[13] deserve/d 'z v/vt.应得，应受到(奖赏或惩罚)
[14] end up doing sth.以做某事结束；以做某事告终
[15] lower/'l /adj.(数字或数量)较小的；较低级的；下面的
[16] association/ s si'e n/n.联系；协会，社团
associate vt.联系；表示同意
associate...with...将……与……联系起来
[17] be open to对……开放；愿意接受……的
[18] be likely to do sth.有可能做某事
[19] internal/ n't nl/adj.内心的；内部的；国内的
[20] on the other hand另一方面
[21] hence adv.因此
[22] adjust/ 'd st/vi. &vt.适应，(使)习惯；调整，调节
adjust to适应
adjustment n．调整，调节
[23] have a lot to do with与……有很大关系
[24] in terms of谈及；就……而言；在……方面
[25] (be) recognised as被认为是……；被公认是……
[26] announce/ 'na ns/vt.宣布，宣告，公布
announcement n．公告；宣告
[27] disability/ d s 'b l ti/n.伤残，残障，障碍
people with disabilities残疾人
[28] disabled/d s'e b ld/
adj.残障的，残疾的，有学习障碍的
[29] willing/'w l /adj.乐意、愿意(做某事)的
be willing to do sth.愿意做某事
[30] be involved in包括在……中；涉及……
[31] become positive about变得对……积极
[32] altogether/ lt 'ɡe /
adv.总而言之，总的说来；完全，全部
[33] get ahead取得成功，出人头地
[34] react/ri' kt/vi.(作出)反应
react to对……作出反应
[35] solely/'s li/adv.唯一地，仅仅
[36] not...but...不是……而是……
Success Comes with[1] a High EQ
Most students do an IQ (Intelligence[2]Quotient[3]) test early in their school life. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines[4] how well they are going to do in life 【1】. When they see other students doing better than them, they usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change their situation. 【2】 However, new research into EQ (Emotional Quotient) suggests[5] that success[6] is not simply the result of a high IQ.
【1】此句为主从复合句。even if引导让步状语从句。that引导宾语从句，其中含有what引导的表语从句；what表语从句中又包含how引导的宾语从句。
【2】此句中when引导时间状语从句；两个that引导并列的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句中含有省略关系词的定语从句they can do。
While your IQ tells you how intelligent[7] you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence 【3】. Professor Salovey, who invented the term[8] EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is IQ that gets you employed[9]， but it is EQ that gets you promoted 【4】. Supported by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting[10] someone's future success, their character, as measured[11] by EQ tests, might actually matter[12] more than their IQ 【5】．
【3】while是并列连词；how引导宾语从句。
【4】并列连词but连接前后两个并列的强调句型。
【5】此句中，Supported...是过去分词短语作状语。that引导宾语从句，其中when predicting...作状语；as引导非限制性定语从句；主句是their character might actually matter; more than their IQ是省略形式的比较状语从句。
Professor Salovey may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, who you think deserve[13] good grades, sometimes end up failing[14] exams 【6】？ Perhaps their failure is because of their lower[15] EQ. People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well 【7】. This association[16] can exist, but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ 【8】．
【6】此句中，why引导宾语从句；who引导非限制性定语从句；you think是插入语。
【7】that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well是that引导的宾语从句，作thinking的宾语。
【8】该句中it作形式主语，不定式的复合结构for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ作真正的主语。
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to[17] new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life 【9】. They are also less likely to[18] be troubled by internal[19] problems. On the other hand[20]， there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations【10】； hence[21] they have a harder time adjusting[22] in life and in their careers.
【9】it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life作真正的主语。
【10】that引导同位语从句，对doubt进行解释、说明。
People generally believe that a person's IQ is determined by birth 【11】. However, most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do with[23] education 【12】. Some are trying to study the possibility of improving a person's EQ, especially in terms of[24] “people skills”， such as understanding and communication.
【11】that a person's IQ is determined by birth是that引导的宾语从句。
【12】that EQ has a lot to do with education是that引导的宾语从句。
Professor Mayer, recognised by many as[25] a leading expert in the study of changes to people's EQs【13】， recently announced[26] the results of a study on senior secondary school students. When students were introduced to those who had disabilities[27], they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled[28] students were more willing[29] to help people with difficulties 【pared to students who had not been involved in[30] the study 【15】， they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students' feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students' attitudes. They became more positive about[31] life and more willing to try new things.
【13】recognised by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people's EQs是过去分词短语作定语，修饰Professor Mayer。
【14】此句中，主句是they found；when引导时间状语从句，其中含有who引导的定语从句；that引导宾语从句。
【15】who had not been involved in the study是who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词students。
Altogether[32], the results of studies show that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ 【16】. To get ahead[33] in the world and lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react[34] to situations in the best way possible 【17】. A high EQ is necessary for this—the higher the better. And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need, not solely[35] based on IQ but[36] on developing the entire character 【18】．
【16】that引导宾语从句，if not more important than IQ是if EQ is not more important than IQ的省略形式。
【17】该句是简单句。To get ahead...是不定式作主语；getting on well...是动名词短语作requires的宾语。
【18】此句中，主句是the fact means；第一个that引导同位语从句；第二个that引导宾语从句；第三个that引导宾语从句，其中含有定语从句they really need。not...but...连接两个短语作状语。
成功来自高情商
大多数学生会在学生生涯早期做智商(intelligence quotient)测试。即使从未看到过测试结果，他们还是认为是智商决定(determine)了自己日后生活中的表现。当看到其他学生比自己优秀，他们通常会认为那些学生智商更高，无论做什么也改变不了他们的局面。然而，新的情商研究表明，成功并不仅仅是高智商的结果。
智商表明你到底有多聪明(intelligent)，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。创造情商一词的沙洛维教授这样描述：帮你找到工作(employ)的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测 (predict)某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。
沙洛维教授或许是对的。举个例子，你有没有想过，为什么班里那些最聪明的学生，那些你认为本应取得(deserve)好成绩的学生，有时却考试不及格？也许他们的失败是因为情商较低(lower)。人们常误以为高智商的人也同样拥有高情商。这种关联(association)可能存在，但同样也有可能低智商的人拥有高情商，或者高智商的人拥有低情商。
人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观，很少为自身(internal)问题所困扰。另一方面，情商低的人毫无疑问往往在与人相处、处理困境方面存在问题。因此，他们适应(adjust)生活和职业生涯也就更困难。
人们普遍认为人的智商是一出生就决定了的。然而，大多数社会学家认为，情商与教育有很大关系。一些科学家正试图研究提升情商的可能性，特别是“人际技能”方面，例如理解和沟通。
梅尔教授是公认的人类情商变化研究领域的顶级专家，他最近公布(announce)了一项针对高中生的研究结果。他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障(disability)的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意(willing)帮助有困难的人。与未参与这一研究的学生相比，他们能更好地理解残障学生的感受。同时，残障学生的态度也发生了明显的变化，他们对待生活更加积极，更愿意尝试新事物。
总之(altogether)，研究结果表明情商即使不比智商更重要，至少也是同等重要。要在这个世界上出人头地，过上快乐又成功的生活，需要与他人融洽相处，并能够以最好的方式理解和应对(react)各种状况。要做到这些高情商必不可少，而且是越高越好。此外，情商是可以后天提高的，这就意味着学校需要确保学生接受真正所需的教育，是全人发展的教育，而不仅仅(solely)是基于智商的教育。
Ⅰ.课文结构图示
Ⅱ.课文预习自测
1．What is students' common belief about IQ
A．It can be improved by studying hard.
B．It determines how well they are going to do in life.
C．They can do something to change the situation.
D．It determines everything in life.
2．Professor Salovey thinks ________ is more important in predicting someone's future success.
A．IQ B．diligence
C．character D．determination
3．According to the passage, ________．
A．people with high IQs must have high EQs
B．people with low IQs must have low EQs
C．people with low IQs can have high EQs
D．people with high IQs must have low EQs
4．Which is not the feature people with low EQs have
A．They are open to new ideas.
B．They are likely to be troubled by internal problems.
C.They have problems getting on with other people.
D.They have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
5．According to the author, how can EQs be improved
A．By getting on well with other people.
B．By understanding and reacting to situations in the best way possible.
C．By making sure students can receive an education based on IQ.
D．By providing students with an education they really need.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Most students do an IQ test early in their school life and they believe that it is IQ that determines how well they're going to do in life. However, new research into EQ suggests that success is not 1.________ (simple) the result of a high IQ. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following 2.________ (describe): at work, it is IQ that gets you 3.________ (hire), but it is EQ that gets you promoted. 4.________ (support) by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when 5.________ (predict) someone's future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ. He may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, 6.________ you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up 7.________ (fail) exams Perhaps their failure is because of their lower EQ. People are often 8.________ (mistake) in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. The results of studies show that EQ is as important, 9.________ not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world 10.________ lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.
第一版块：核心单词
1．intelligence n．智力，智慧，理解力
(教材P8)Most students do an IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test early in their school life.
大多数学生会在学生生涯早期做智商测试。
artificial intelligence (AI) 人工智能
Intelligence Quotient (IQ) 智商
Emotional Quotient (EQ) 情商
a high/low IQ 高智商/低智商
a person of average intelligence 一个智力平平的人
of certain intelligence 有一定智力的
give sb. an intelligence test 给某人做智力测验
Personally speaking, to be an excellent lawyer, you must be a person of high intelligence.
就我个人而言，要成为一名优秀的律师，你必须是一个高智商的人。
[词语积累]
intelligent adj.聪明的，有才智的
intelligently adv.聪明地，有才智地
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Much to our credit, the boy is not only of high ________ (intelligent), but also works hard.
完成句子
②He ______________________ (很聪明) and got his master's degree at the age of 20.
③He ______________________ (是个智力高的人) and got his master's degree at the age of 20.
④He ________________________ (有高智力) and got his master's degree at the age of 20.
2.determine vt.决定，直接影响；测定，确定
(教材P8)．..they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life.……他们还是认为是智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。
determine to do sth. 决定做某事(表动作)
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心做某事
determine the cause of the fire 确定失火的原因
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 决定(做)某事
determine＋n./that... 决定……
The assistant has determined to try to get along well with his tough boss.这个助理决定设法与他苛刻的老板好好相处。
The city determined on carrying out traffic restrictions.
这个城市决定实行交通管制。
The educator determined that his son should have a good education.这位教育工作者下决心要让他的儿子受到良好的教育。
[词语积累]
determined adj.坚定的；坚决的
be determined to do sth.决心做某事(表状态)
determination n．决心；决定
with determination坚决地
[易混比较]
determine to do sth.“决定做某事”，强调动作。
be determined to do sth.“决定做某事”，强调状态。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She determined ________ (learn) the recipe in order to cook a yummy meal.
②I have determined ________ going to the farm located in the countryside.
③________ (determine) to get high grades, he studies English hard in his spare time.
④He fought the illness with courage and ________ (determine).
一句多译：他已经决定明天去看牙医了。
⑤He has ______________________ the dentist tomorrow. (determine)
⑥He has __________________ the dentist tomorrow. (determine on/upon)
⑦He has ______________________ the dentist tomorrow. (从句 )
⑧He has ______________________ the dentist tomorrow. (be determined to)
3.employ vt.雇用；使用 n．雇用；使用
(教材P8)．..at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted.……帮你找到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。
(1)vt.雇用
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
employ sb. as sth. 雇佣某人当……
The boss has determined to employ the young man to work for him.老板已经决定雇用那个年轻人为他工作。
The company employed him as a consultant.公司聘请他当顾问。
(2)vt.使用，运用
employ sth. to do sth. 用……做某事
employ new method 采用新方法
忙于(做)某事，从事某活动
The professor is employing himself in editing a dictionary of English idioms.教授正忙于编写一本英语习语词典。
The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.
警察不得不用武力驱散人群。
(3)n.雇用；使用
I have been for over five years in the employ of an exporting company.我曾经五年多的时间受雇于一家出口公司。
[词语积累]
employer n．雇主，老板 employee n．雇员 employment n．雇用
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①More scientists are being employed ________ studies to develop new medicines.
②It is a fact beyond debate that the ________ (employ) pressure of graduates is heavy.
③Most of the ________ (employ) in this firm are young people.
④The ________ (employ) wasn't satisfied with the young applicant's answer.
⑤The president has determined to employ the young person of high intelligence ________ (manage) the sales department.
完成句子
⑥He has ______________________________________ (忙于) researching the wildlife protection recently.
⑦A number of people __________________________ (已经被雇用来处理) the matter.
4.predict vt.预言，预料，预测
(教材P8)．..when predicting someone's future success...……在预测某人未来的成功时……
predict earthquakes 预测地震
predict the outcome 预料结果
predict that... 预测……
be predicted to do sth. 预计做某事
be difficult/hard to predict 难以预测
be impossible/possible to predict 不可能/有可能预测
make a prediction/predictions 做出预测
It is predicted that... 据预测……
As sb. had predicted... 正如某人所预料的……
Some fortune tellers say that they can predict future events.一些算命先生说他们能够预测未来的事件。
It is predicted that the intelligent young person will be employed by the company.
据预测那个聪明的年轻人将被公司雇用。
It's difficult to make reliable predictions about the effects on the environment.
很难准确预测对环境产生的影响。
[词语辨析] predict与forecast
predict 经过分析判断或根据经验预言将要发生某事
forecast 借助某种信息或知识对将来可能发生的事进行预测、预报
Early snow predicts a bumper harvest.瑞雪兆丰年。
Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预测天气。
[词语积累]
prediction n. 预测，预言
predictable adj.可预见的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We can make ________ (predict) that the historical event is likely to occur again.
②It ________ (predict) that there will be another typhoon.
③Sales were five percent lower than ________ (predict).
④In March and April, the weather is much less ________ (predict).
⑤Even though we live in a high-tech age, it's still impossible ________ (predict) the weather accurately.
辨析填空：forecast, predict
⑥No matter how carefully you plan your finances, no one can ________ when the unexpected will happen.
⑦The newspaper ________ that they would be totally beaten in the coming general election.
5.deserve vt.应得，应受到(奖赏或惩罚)
(教材P8)．..who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams
……那些你认为本应取得好成绩的学生，有时却考试不及格？
deserve to do 值得做……，应该做……(主语通常为sb.)
deserve doing/to be done 值得被做……；应受……
The reliable employee deserves a reward for his devotion to the company.这个可靠的雇员对公司的贡献值得奖赏。
You've been working all morning—you deserve to have a rest.你已经工作了一个上午——该休息一下了。
He deserved punishing/to be punished/the punishment.
他应受惩罚。
[误区警示]
deserve(值得)/need/want/require＋doing(动名词的主动形式表被动意义)＝ deserve/need/want/require＋to be done
Many more experienced workers require employing．
＝Many more experienced workers require to be employed．更多有经验的工人需要被雇用。
[知识拓展] 某事值得一做
sth. is worth doing
sth. is worthy of being done
sth. is worthy to be done
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He deserves ________ (win) the gold medal.
②The hero's deeds deserve ________ (record) in letters of gold.
句型转换
③The nurse, who looked after the patients carefully, deserved the praise.
＝The nurse, who looked after the patients carefully, ________________________．
④The management of the department requires improving.
＝The management of the department ________________________．
6.promote vt.促进；提升；推销；晋级 promoter n．促进者，发起人 promotion n．提升；提拔；促销活动
(教材P8)．..at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
……帮你找到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。
promote peace 促进和平
promote sb. to sth. 把某人提升到某个职位上
get sb. promoted 让某人升职
get promoted 升职，得到提升，晋升
promote sb. from a clerk to a manager 把某人从办事员提升至经理职位
promote sb. (to be) sth. 提拔某人为……
Technological innovations, combined with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.技术创新与良好的市场营销相结合，将促进这些产品的销售。(be combined with “与……结合/联合”，本句中省略be动词，使用过去分词短语作状语)
Fortunately, the brilliant employee has been promoted to general manager.
幸运地是，这名杰出的员工已经被提升为总经理。
[归纳拓展]
promote economic growth促进经济增长
promote better communication and understanding促进更好的沟通与理解
a meeting to promote trade between China and the UK中英两国贸易促进会议
fail to get promoted没有得到晋升
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①All our projects aim ________ (promote) the development of poor and remote communities.
②We promoted him ________ (captain).
③Our teacher has been promoted ________ (headmaster).
④The boss promoted him ________ a higher rank ________ his successful work.
⑤He certainly ought to ________ (promote).
7.association n．联系；协会，社团 associate vt.联想，联系 vi.交往，(尤指)混在一起 associated adj.有联系的；相关的
(教材P8)This association can exist...这种关联可能存在……
in association with 与……联合/结交，有关联
work in association with another person 与另外一个人合伙工作
have (no) association with 与……(没)有联系
the football association 足球协会
Our long association with your corporation has brought great benefits.我方和贵公司的长期合作带来了巨大的利益。
About 20 people have registered in the association.
大约有20人已登记加入这一协会。
Many of the screenwriter's works are in association with daily life.这位剧作家的许多作品都与日常生活有关。
associate...with... 把……和……联系在一起
associate with sb. 与某人交往
be associated with 和……有联系
We should associate ourselves with this large firm.
我们应该和这家大公司联合。
Edison is often associated with men of high intelligence but he attached great importance to hard work.
人们常把爱迪生和高智商的人联系在一起，但他非常重视努力工作。
[误区警示]
过去分词短语associated with在句中常作状语、定语或补语，associate与其主语之间为被动关系。
[发散链接] “与……有关系/有联系”多种表达：
be related to
be linked with/to
be involved in
be connected with
have something to do with
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Surely it doesn't matter where the student ________ (associate) gets its books from.
②The media are working ________ association with a number of local corporations to raise money for the homeless.
③He did not associate himself ________ the movement.
8.measure vt.测量，计量；评估 n．尺寸；措施 measurement n．测量，计量，衡量
(教材P8)Supported by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone's future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.
在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。
measure the length/width/height of... 测量……的长度/宽度/高度
be measured by/in... 用……来计算/衡量
The room measures 5×6 meters.
这个房间宽5米，长6米。
make...to one's measure 按某人的尺寸定做……
take/get one's measure (＝take the measure of sb.) 量某人的尺寸；估量某人的能力
take measures (to do sth.) 采取措施(做某事)
in great/large/some measure 在很大/某种程度上
The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain.
从我们学校大门到南山脚下，这条路线有五千米长。
The shirt that he made to my own measure fits me well.
他按照我的尺寸做的衬衫很合我身。
You should take effective measures to improve the conditions of our surgery.
你们应采取有效措施来改善我们诊所的条件。
[经典例句]
The cameras provide a measure of security (＝provide some security) to the community.
摄像头为社区提供了一定程度的安全。(一定量)
Exam results are not necessarily a true measure of a student's abilities.
考试成绩并不一定是学生能力的真实衡量标准。(衡量标准)
A meter is a measure of length.米是长度的计量单位。(计量单位)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ (measure) of blood pressure can be undertaken by practice nurses.
②We have to take measures ________ (protect) the environment.
③The desk ________ (measure) 2×3 meters.
④I'm going to take your ________ (measure) so as to make a new pair of trousers ________ your own measure.
⑤The students' abilities sometimes can be ________ (measure) ________ exams or tests.
9.adjust v．适应，(使)习惯；调整，调节
(教材P9)．..hence they have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
……因此，他们适应生活和职业生涯也就更困难。
adjust to 适应……
adjust oneself to 使自己适应……
adjust to living in an apartment 习惯住公寓
adjust (myself) to motherhood (使我自己)适应做母亲的角色
adjust the brakes regularly 定期调节刹车装置
adjust the driver's seat 调整驾驶座
Mr Brown has difficulty in adjusting to the new climate.
布朗先生不太容易适应新的气候。
The intelligent boy can easily adjust himself to the new surroundings.
这个聪明的男孩可以很容易地使自己适应新环境。
These desks and seats can be adjusted to the height of any child.这些桌椅的高度可以根据任一儿童的身高调节。
[词语积累]
adjustment n．调整，调节
make an adjustment to对……作出调整
adjustable adj.可调节的；可调整的
[误区警示] 在日常英语中，表达“适应”时，人们一般说get used to，而不说adjust (to)。表示调节温度、音量等人们一般说turn up (调高)，或turn down (调低)，而不说adjust。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The old man doesn't adjust to ________ (live) near the shore.
②The company made an ________ (adjust) to my salary.
③A chair with ________ (adjust) height may help here as well.
完成句子
④He was about to ____________________________ (调整他的相机) when it began to rain.
⑤My eyes haven't ______________________________ (适应) the dark yet.
⑥They should ____________________________ (对……进行调整) the new environment.
10.announce vt.宣布，宣告，公布
(教材P9)Professor Mayer...recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students.梅尔教授……最近公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果。
announce sth. to sb. 向某人宣布某事
announce that... 宣布，通知……
It is announced that... 据宣布……
as is announced 正如所宣布的那样
He announced the good news to us that his invention was acknowledged.他向我们宣布了他的发明得到承认的好消息。
It was announced that the Prime Minister would speak on television that evening.据宣布，首相将于当晚发表电视讲话。
As is announced in today's paper, the brilliant young man will run for election.正如今天报纸上所宣布的那样，这位才华横溢的年轻人将参加竞选。
The chairman of the contest has announced the result and the news will be declared on the social media soon.比赛的主席已经宣布了结果，消息很快就会在社交媒体上公布。
[词语积累]
announcement n．宣告，宣布；公告
make an announcement发表公告/声明
announcer n．广播员，播音员
library announcements图书馆公告
an official announcement官方公告
[误区警示]
announce sth. to sb. (√)
announce sb. sth. (×)
用法相同的动词还有suggest, explain, report, say等。
[词语辨析]announce与declare
announce指把人们关心或感兴趣的事公之于众；
declare指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The ________ (announce) of his visit caused widespread media interest.
②The prince has announced his engagement ________ the media.
③The winners will ________ (announce) by the committee.
辨析填空：announce, declare
④Jane ________ that she would rather resign than change her decision.
⑤We have launched another man-made satellite, which ________ on TV today.
11.willing adj.乐意、愿意(做某事)的
(教材P9)．..the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties.
……这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助有困难的人。
be willing to do sth. 乐意/愿意做某事
be unwilling to do sth. 不乐意做某事
willing helpers 热心的助手
quite/perfectly willing 非常乐意
more willing 更加乐意
I am quite willing to pay the price you asked for.
我十分愿意付你所开的价格。
He is willing to employ more people with disability to relieve the stress of the local government.
他愿意雇用更多的残疾人来减轻当地政府的压力。
Not that I'm unwilling to go with you, but that I'm busy now.并不是我不愿意和你去，而是我现在很忙。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①He is willing ________ (adjust) himself to the strange environment.
②He is ________ (willing) to sell his products at such a low price.
③If you won't do it ________ (willing), I'll make you do it.
完成句子
④Many people in this region ____________________________ (很乐意) help those with disability.
⑤He ____________________________ (不愿意) give up the opportunity.
⑥没有人愿意和这个广告商打交道。
Nobody __________________________ deal with this advertiser.
12.react vi.(作出)反应；起化学反应
(教材P9)To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.要在这个世界上出人头地，过上快乐又成功的生活，需要与他人融洽相处，并能够以最好的方式理解和应对各种状况。
react to 对……作出反应(to是介词)
react by 以……回应
react on/upon 对……起作用/有影响
react against 反对……，反抗……
react with 与……起(化学)反应
react quickly/rapidly 迅速反应
react slowly 反应迟缓
in reaction to 作为对……的反应
a reaction to 对……的反应
cause a reaction to sth. 引起对某物的反应
How did the audience react to the comedian's performance
观众对这个喜剧演员的表演有什么反应？
The water was reacting with the ferrous iron in the tank.
水与箱子中的铁质发生化学反应。
He reacted against the artistic conventions of his time.
他反对当时的艺术俗套。
If you touch a hedgehog, it will react by curling into a ball.
如果你触摸刺猬，它就会蜷成球状作出反应。
How do acids react on metals
酸对金属会起什么样的反应？
[词语积累]
reaction n．反应，回应(常跟to)
reactive adj.反应的，回应的
To tell the truth, I am not willing to know the reaction of the others to this matter.说实话，我不愿意知道其他人对这件事的反应。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①They will react ________ the technological revolution.
②If I met with the accident, my immediate ________ (react) would be to tell the police.
完成句子
③Children usually rely on their parents but sometimes ____________________________ (反抗) them.
④Iron ________________________ (与……发生化学反应) water and air to produce rust.
⑤You can't change what happened, but you can change how __________________________________ (你对这件事的反应).
⑥The rise in oil costs ________________________ (对食物的价格有影响).
13.disability n．伤残，残障，障碍 disabled adj.残疾的 disable vt.使丧失能力，使伤残
(教材P9)When students were introduced to those who had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties.他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助有困难的人。
(1)a physical/mental disability 生理缺陷/心理障碍
a learning/reading disability 学习/阅读障碍
cope with disability 应对残疾
(2)disable sb. for... 使人不能……
disable sb. by 因……而使人残疾
disable sb. from... 使人丧失做……的能力
(3)disabled people＝the disabled 残疾人
be born disabled 天生残疾
severely disabled 严重伤残
The accident disabled him for work.
这起事故使他丧失了工作能力。
An accident disabled him from playing football.
一起事故使他失去了踢足球的能力。
They were disabled by age or sickness.
他们因年老或疾病而失去了工作能力。
[易混辨析] disable, unable
disable和unable都含有“无能”之意，都是able的派生词，但disable是动词，表示“使无能”“使伤残”，而unable是形容词，表示“无法的”“无能的”；disable其后不能接不定式，而unable后面可接动词不定式。在表示“使某人不能做某事”时，通常不能说“disable sb. to do sth.”，而应说“disable sb. from doing sth.”。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons ________ a disability.
②Some people tend to look down upon ________ (disable) people and regard them as unfit for a regular life.
③She dances well despite her ________ (ability).
④Nobody can avoid being ________ (able) by age.
14.accuse vt.控告；指控；指责
(教材P11)John was accused of stealing money.
约翰被指控偷钱。
accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人(做)某事
accuse sb. as... 指控某人为……
be accused as... 作为……而被控告
accuse sb./sth. for... 因……而指责某人/某事物
the accused 被告；刑事被告
The police accused him of murder.警方指控他谋杀。
They accused me of carelessness.他们指责我粗心大意。
He was accused of daylight robbery.他被指控在光天化日下抢劫。
They accused his brother as Tom's accomplice.
他们指控他的弟弟是汤姆的帮凶。
He was accused as an accomplice.他被指控是帮凶。
They accused me for the delay.他们埋怨延误是我造成的。
Man often accuses nature for his own misfortune.
人常因自己的不幸而责怪老天。
[词语辨析] accuse, charge
这两词均有“控告，控诉，指责”的意思，其区别是：
(1)accuse使用范围较广，主要用于一般的指责，也可用于法律上的正式控告；charge比accuse正式，通常指在法庭上依法控告，也可引申地使用于指责某人违反公认的行为准则。
(2)charge所指控的内容比accuse更严重。
(3)accuse后一般接of，后接指控内容；而charge后一般接with，后跟指控内容。
[词语积累]
accusation n．控告
accuser n．原告
the accused被告
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Mr Smith accused the butcher of ________ (lie).
②Tom was accused ________ an accomplice, but he wasn't involved in it.
③The ________ (accuse) was declared innocent.
④He was accused ________ stealing some advanced equipment from his company.
完成句子
⑤那位律师的助手被警方指控犯有盗窃罪。
The lawyer's assistant was ________________ theft by the police.
⑥The police charged him ________________ (盗窃).
第二版块：重点短语
1．end up doing sth.以做某事结束；以做某事告终
(教材P8)．..who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams
……那些你认为本应取得好成绩的学生，有时却考试不及格？
The hard-working young man ended up being employed by one of the Fortune Global 500 companies.那个努力工作的年轻人最后被一家世界500强公司雇用了。
bring sth. to an end 使某事结束
bring/put an end to sth. 结束某事
come to an end 结束，完结
be at an end 结束
in the end 最后，终于
At last, he persuaded his neighbours to bring an end to their disagreement.最后，他说服邻居们结束了他们的争执。
People around the world all hope to put an end to the war.
全世界的人都希望结束这场战争。
[归纳拓展]
end up最终到达，到头来
end up with以……结束(后接表具体事物的名词)
反义短语：begin/start with
end up in以……结束(后接表抽象概念的名词及地点名词)
end up as最终成为……(后接表职位或身份的名词)
end in以……结束/告终
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The conference ended up ________ (sign) no agreement.
②If he goes on driving like that, he'll end up ________ (death).
③You will end up ________ heavy debt if you keep on buying goods on credit.
④The quarrel came ________ an end finally.
完成句子
⑤His experiment ____________________________(以失败告终) but he didn't lose heart.
⑥The Long March ________________________ (以……结束) victory for us and defeat for the enemy.
⑦They employed a shy young person, who ____________________________ (结果跟……相处得好) their clients.
2.on the other hand另一方面
(教材P9)On the other hand, there is little doubt that...另一方面，毫无疑问……
On the one hand, she is too attached to her son, but on the other hand, she determines to send her son abroad for further education.一方面，她太爱她的儿子，但另一方面，她又决定送儿子出国深造。
on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面……，另一方面……(前后往往表示转折)
for one thing... for another... 首先……，再者……(前后表示并列)
I won't go to the concert with you. For one thing, I'm not available; for another, I don't like rock music.我不会和你一起去听音乐会。首先，我没空；再者，我不喜欢摇滚乐。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It's cheap, but ________ the other hand, it isn't good.
②For one thing, I have no money; ________ another, I'm too busy.
完成句子
③____________________________ (一方面), I would like to finish the job on my own, but __________________________ (另一方面), I want to be in association with him.
3.in terms of就……而言；在……方面
(教材P9)．..especially in terms of “people skills”．..……特别是“人际技能”方面……
In terms of money, he's quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.就钱来说，他很富有，但就幸福来说就不是了。
He is reliable in terms of the management competence.
就管理能力而言，他是可靠的。
be on good/bad terms (with sb.) (与某人)关系好/不好
in the long/short term 从长期/短期来看
come to terms with sth. 对某事妥协，对某事让步；接受(令人不快或悲伤的现实)
The architect is on bad terms with his colleagues.
这位建筑师和他的同事关系不好。
The measures the local government have taken are of great benefit to the development of economy in the long term.
当地政府采取的措施从长远角度考虑对经济的发展非常有利。
It is hard to come to terms with going blind.
接受并应对失明这一事实是很难的。
After the two countries had negotiated for several months, they finally came to terms with each other.
两国经过数月的谈判之后，才最后达成了协议。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ terms of environmental protection, he governed this region very well.
②They are ________ good terms with their neighbours.
③Learning is not always easy, but it is always good ________ the long term.
④I have been ________ good terms with Stephen since he married my sister.
完成句子
⑤You can choose landscapes or paintings ______________________ (就……而言) your own taste.
⑥________________________ (从长远来看), the agreement will have a great influence on us.
⑦What surprised us was that the assistant should not be ________________________ (支持) the decision of the general manager.
4.get ahead获得成功；领先；出人头地
(教材P9)To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible.
要在这个世界上出人头地，过上快乐又成功的生活，需要与他人融洽相处，并能够以最好的方式理解和应对各种状况。
Students who put more effort will get ahead.
付出更多努力的学生将会获得成功。
You'll get ahead so long as you work hard.
只要你努力工作，你就会成功。
go ahead 先走，先行；发生，进行；开始；可以，请吧，说吧
go ahead as planned 按计划进行
go ahead with the plan 开始实施这一计划
[误区警示] 交际用语中，Come on ！/Come along！用于鼓励对方做某事，而Go ahead！表示同意对方的请求。
The policeman examined their car and allowed them to go ahead．
警察检查了他们的汽车，允许他们前进。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①Your talent and diligence make it possible for you ________________________ (获得成功).
②If you want to __________________________________(获得成功) in your career, you should get on well with your colleagues.
③It is just three months since we received official approval to __________________________ (开始做) with the project.
④When you face any challenge, keep this saying in mind and ________________________ (继续前进).
⑤They finished their work __________________________ (提前).
第三版块：典型句式
1．what引导的表语从句
(教材P8)Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life.即使从未看到过测试结果，他们还是认为是智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。
[句式分析] 本句是一个复合句，even if引导了让步状语从句，主句是they feel..., that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中what引导表语从句，表语从句中又含有how引导的宾语从句。
(1)本句中what引导表语从句，作从句的主语；
(2)what除了引导表语从句外，还可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；在从句中除了作主语外，还可以作宾语、表语。
(3)that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当成分，也无具体意思，只起连接作用。
It is what we should do for the disabled.
这就是我们应该为残疾人做的事情。(what引导表语从句，作从句的宾语)
What you should do now is to adjust yourself to the new life here.
你现在应该做的是适应这里的新生活。 (what引导主语从句，作从句的宾语)
I have no idea what will be announced at the meeting tomorrow.
我不知道明天会议上会宣布什么。(what引导同位语从句，作从句的主语)
[要点拓展]
(1)that引导的句子是一个完整的句子。
(2)that引导的主语从句置于句首时that不可省略，从句置于句尾时that一般不能省略，口语中偶尔可以省略。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①That is ________ he suffered from after drinking.
②________ the librarian wants to do is to keep the library clean, tidy and quiet.
③I can't stand ________ you have done any more.
④He has no idea ________ a good consultant should be like.
选词填空(what/that)
⑤________ she dislikes studying makes her mother worried.
⑥________ gets him surprised is that all of them are in favour of him.
⑦The problem is ________ we don't have enough money to help him.
⑧“Never lose heart.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.
2.强调句型
(教材P8)．..at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted.……帮你找到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。
[句式分析] 本句由but连接的两个强调句构成，分别强调主语IQ和EQ。
(1)基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他；若强调的是人，也可以用who替换that；
(2)可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，若强调谓语动词，需借助助动词do/does/did；
(3)强调句的一般疑问句式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that＋其他；
(4)强调句的特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他；
若该结构用于宾语从句，则要用陈述语序。
It is the consultant who/that persuaded the manager to make a few adjustments to their original plan.是顾问说服经理对他们原来的计划作了一些调整的。(强调主语)
It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
就是出于这个原因，西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。(强调状语)
Is it because of his attitude to the disabled that annoyed his friend
是因为他对残疾人的态度惹恼了他的朋友吗？(强调状语，一般疑问句式)
How was it that the intelligent young person made such a foolish mistake
这个聪明的年轻人怎么会犯这样愚蠢的错误呢？(强调状语，特殊疑问句式)
[学法点拨]
(1)构成强调句型的it不能用其他词代替。
(2)被强调部分指人时，可以用who代替that，其他情况一律用that。
(3)用is还是was要根据原句的时态而定：属于现在或将来时间范畴的所有时态用is；属于过去时间范畴的所有时态用was。
(4)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：去掉it is/was与that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则就不是。
[即学即练] 用强调句型改写
My friend came across one of his clients in the street yesterday.
昨天我朋友在街上偶然遇见了他的一个客户。
①→__________________________ came across one of his clients in the street yesterday. (强调主语)
②→____________________________________________ my friend came across one of his clients in the street.(强调时间状语)
③→____________________________________________ my friend came across one of his clients yesterday.(强调地点状语)
④→______________________________________ my friend came across in the street yesterday.(强调宾语)
3.get＋宾语＋过去分词
(教材P8)．..at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted.
……帮你找到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。
The philosopher will get his paper published next month.
这位哲学家将于下个月发表他的论文。
[归纳拓展] 过去分词作宾语补足语说明宾语的性质或状态，宾语与过去分词之间为被动关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的承受者。能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词主要有：
(1)感官动词：watch，see，hear，notice，feel；
(2)使役动词：have，make，get，keep，leave；
(3)表示“发现、希望、愿望、命令”等的动词：find，want，wish，like, expect，order。
另外，在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，宾语与动词之间是逻辑动宾关系时，也用过去分词作宾补。
I noticed some key words left out accidentally by him.
我注意到他不小心漏掉了几个关键词。
The museum had two pieces of antiques stolen.
博物馆里有两件古董被盗了。
With the difficult problem handled, the boss smiled in satisfaction.难题解决了，老板满意地笑了。
[易错提示]
with＋sth. done与with sth. to do作状语时的区别。如：
①With all of my work done, I went back home.我全部工作完成后，回家了。
②With so much work to do now, I have no time to play with you.有这么多的工作现在要做，我没有时间和你一起玩了。
例①中done作宾补，表示工作已完成，而例②中to do作宾补，表示工作要做而未做，是“没空儿玩儿”的原因。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Jane got her bad tooth ________ (pull) out at the dentist's.
②I raised my voice to make myself ________ (hear).
③Don't leave the windows ________ (break) like this all the time.
④They are going to have the construction work ________ (complete) ahead of time.
⑤We can hear the windows ________ (beat) by the heavy rain drops.
完成句子
⑥They managed to ______________________________________________ (使他们自己被理解) in very simple English.
⑦____________________________ (研究完成了), he determined to take a few days off.
⑧When I returned there, I ________________________________________ (发现我的包丢了).
4.it作形式主语
(教材P8)This association can exist, but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.这种关联可能存在，但同样也有可能低智商的人拥有高情商，或者高智商的人拥有低情商。
[句式分析] 本句是but连接的表示转折关系的并列句；其中第二个分句是it is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth.结构，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
Also, when you arrive, it's polite for you to say hello and thank the host for inviting you.
而且，当你到达时，你要礼貌地打招呼并感谢主人的邀请。
It is easy for such an intelligent student to figure out the maths problem.
对这样一个聪明的学生来说，解出这道数学题很容易。
It is cruel of you to treat the disabled like that.
你那样对待残疾人真是太残忍了。
[学法点拨] it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式(短语)。该句型中的形容词用easy，difficult，hard，important，necessary，quick等时，这些形容词常常与事物的特征有关，前面用介词for；用kind，wise，cruel，foolish等时，这些形容词往往与人的天资或品质有关，前面用介词of。
[误区警示] 句型中的不定式(短语)前面所用的介词for与of所表达的意义不一样：用for时句中的形容词是对人的行为作出的评价；用of时句中的形容词是对人作出的评价。
[即学即练] 汉译英
①对她来说，跟上变化很难。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
②你帮了我的忙，真是太好了。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
完成句子
③____________________________________________________ (对我们很重要) to launch a campaign to promote our new products.
④________________________________________________ (你很明智) to employ such an intelligent young man.
单句语法填空
⑤It's important ________ them to find out who broke the window.
⑥It is foolish ________ you to predict the future of others.
⑦It is important for the disabled ________ (learn) to be independent.
5.It is generally believed that...人们普遍认为……
(教材P9)It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas...
人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想……
[句式分析] 本句是一个主从复合句，it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
It is generally believed that an intelligent person is more likely to succeed.
人们普遍认为，聪明的人更有可能成功。
It is acknowledged that... 大家公认……
It is predicted that... 据预测……
It is announced that... 据宣布……
It is generally acknowledged that Professor Zhong Nanshan deserves our respect.大家公认，钟南山教授值得我们尊敬。
It is predicted that the production of this year is twice that of last year.据预测，今年的产量是去年的两倍。
It has been announced that they will build more facilities for the disabled.据宣布他们将为残疾人建造更多的设施。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ is suggested that on no occasion should you tell other people the password of your email account.
②It is often ________ (say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
③________ is generally believed that only by working hard can we succeed.
④It ________ (report) that he will announce the date of his wedding tomorrow.
⑤It is accepted ________ he deserves all the praise.
⑥It ________ (think) that saleswomen perform their duty better than salesmen.
6.There is little doubt that...毫无疑问……
(教材P9)On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations...另一方面，情商低的人毫无疑问往往在与人相处、处理困境方面存在问题……
[句式分析] There is little/no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”，是一个固定句型，that引导同位语从句，解释说明doubt的具体内容。
There is little doubt that he will get his report finished on time.毫无疑问，他会按时完成报告的。
There is no doubt that/about/of... 毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether... 对是否……有疑问
I don't/never doubt that... 我确信……
I doubt whether/if... 我怀疑是否……
There is no doubt that the wooden chair is much stronger than the plastic one you bought yesterday.
毫无疑问，这把木椅比你昨天买的塑料椅结实得多。
There still remains some doubt whether he can be in association with our company.他是否能与我们公司合作还有些疑问。
I don't doubt that he will be fascinated by this film.
我确信他会被这部电影迷住。
I doubt whether/if he will get his master's degree, for he doesn't put all his energies into his study.我怀疑他是否能拿到硕士学位，因为他没有把全部精力放在学习上。
[误区警示]
that引导同位语从句时，只起连接作用，无实际句义，不充当句子成分。如：The news that our team has won the game is true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真实的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①You can complain, but I doubt ________ it'll make any difference.
②There is still some doubt ________ he will survive the crisis.
③I still doubt ________ he is reliable or not.
④There is no doubt ________ the speech delivered by the famous writer is very impressive.
完成句子
⑤Once he determines to do something, he will spare no effort to do it. ________________________ (这是毫无疑问的).
⑥____________________________ (对是否……有疑问)they can change their attitudes towards the conservation of cultural relics.
7.have a hard time (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
(教材P9)．..hence they have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
……因此，他们适应生活和职业生涯也就更困难。
做某事有困难
The salesman had great difficulty/trouble/problems persuading his client to buy a house.
这位推销员费了很大的劲才说服他的客户买房子。
[经典例句]
I have a hard time adjusting myself to the fast pace in this company.
我很难让自己适应这家公司的快节奏。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Since teenagers have difficulty ________ (balance) these needs, they often question who they are and how they fit in society.
②—How was your trip to the small village
—You can't imagine the difficulty we had ________ (walk) through the heavy rain.
③To tell the truth, I still have a harder time ________ (get) used to my disability.
8.even if引导的让步状语从句
(教材P8)Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life.即使从未看到过测试结果，他们还是认为是智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。
[句式分析] even if引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”，相当于even though。
even if you don't succeed 即使你不成功
even if it rains tomorrow 即使明天下雨
[归纳拓展]
以下词(组)可引导让步状语从句：
though, although, while, as, even if, even though, whether...or..., no matter＋疑问词，疑问词-ever，regardless of＋名词/名词短语/名词从句，despite, in spite of。although不可与but连用。
[误区警示] 主句如果用一般将来时，even if/though引导的让步状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。
Even if I fail this time, I will try again.即使这次失败了，我还要再试一试。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①So ________________ (即使) your own efforts at humor fall short, you might be freeing the long kept humor in others.
②—Why do people like pop music I hate it so much.
—________________ (尽管) it is not your style, that doesn't mean it is bad.
③I felt that it would be a victory for us ________________ (即使) we lost the game.
④I always read, using different voices, ________________ (好像) I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it！
9.suggest that...
(教材P8)However, new research into EQ (Emotional Quotient) suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ.然而，新的情商研究表明，成功并不仅仅是高智商的结果。
[句式分析] suggest作“暗示，表明”讲时，其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，而用陈述语气。
Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.官方报告显示，三代同堂的家庭数量从2001年的32.5万户增加到2013年的41.9万户。
[用法拓展] suggest表“建议”后接从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
...I suggest that the next time you go to your mum's home for dinner, get a few cooking tips from her.……我建议下次你去你妈妈家吃饭的时候，向她学习一些烹饪技巧。
Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China.了解到你对中国文化的浓厚兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，它是中国最好的大学之一。
[知识拓展]
有此用法(虚拟语气)的动词还有：
坚持：insist
命令：order, command
建议：advise, propose, recommend
要求：request, require, demand, desire, urge等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I suggest that you ________ (have) enough sleep.
②My parents advise (that) I ________ (not watch) too much TV.
③The smile on her face suggests that she ________ (agree) with me.
④The boy insisted (that) he ________ (not break) the window and that he ________ (not pay) the money.
⑤It is proposed that we ________ (start) early tomorrow morning.
10.过去分词作状语
(教材P8)Supported by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone's future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。
[句式分析] 本句中supported by his research是过去分词作状语，相当于一个状语从句。
过去分词短语作状语须注意以下几点：
(1)当把一个状语从句转变为过去分词短语时，该从句应该具备两个特征：
①从句中的主语和主句中的主语 一致；
②从句谓语动词为被动语态形式。
(2)过去分词可用来作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随状语等。
(3)过去分词的否定形式是将not放在其前面。(如下例 )
Not provided good working conditions, the employees felt very disappointed.
没有提供良好的工作条件，雇员们感到很失望。(过去分词短语作原因状语)
Absorbed in deep thought, the chemist didn't hear the sound.因为陷入沉思中，所以这位化学家没有听到那个声音。(此处过去分词相当于形容词，作状语时不表示“被动关系”，而表示主语所处的状态；作原因状语)
Given more time, I could have done it much better.(＝If I had been given more time, I could have done it much better.)再给我多点时间，我能把它做得更好。
[教师提示]
(1)过去分词短语作时间状语时，可置于句首，有时置于主语和谓语之间。
(2)过去分词短语作原因状语时，一般置于句首。
(3)过去分词短语作条件状语时常位于句首。
(4)过去分词作伴随或方式状语时，可位于句首、句中和句尾。如：
The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf dog.
Followed by his wolf dog, the hunter walked slowly in the forest.
The hunter, followed by his wolf dog, walked slowly in the forest.
猎人在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着一只狼狗。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①In the USA, there were twice as many primary and middle school students taking Chinese in 2017, ________ (compare) to 2015.
②________ (give) a wrong number, I couldn't contact him over the phone.
③________ (ask) about his family, the young man made no answer.
④________ (unite), we stand; ________ (divide), we fall.
⑤When ________ (ask) about his family, he made no answer.
⑥Unless ________ (invite), I won't attend the get-together.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We are pleased to ________ (宣布) that all five candidates were successful.
2．The consultant warns that small bones should be avoided as the dog may swallow them whole and risk ________ (内部的) injury.
3．The salesmen are learning how to ________ (调整) the fundamental make-up of the food they sell.
4．The ________ (协会) believes new technology will provide a long-term solution to credit card fraud.
5．The impressive children's books are so popular that they ________ (应受到) to be much better known.
6．These impressive ancient buildings demonstrate the great ________ (智慧) of the labouring people.
7．The lawyer told us that the new law gives authorities a responsibility to provide aid to the ________ (残疾的).
8．________ (总而言之), it was a brilliant town garden, peaceful and secluded.
9．The community ________ (作出反应) quickly and spread the word about safe credit.
10．Many clients are ________ (乐意的) to pay over the odds for early examples of his work.
Ⅱ.短语填空
as well, in terms of, be willing to, be involved in, react to, get on well with, compared to, deal with, stand for, be accused of
1．People with disabilities have got a vote ________________， you know.
2．Can the new clerk ________________ other people and work as part of a team
3．The librarian never realized so many chances ________________ this job.
4．You need the patience of job to ________________ some of our clients.
5．Economic levels have improved enormously ________________ 40 years ago.
6．The assistant ________________ taking thousands of pounds off the company into her own bank account.
7．The girls in his department ________________ participate in the dancing party.
8．As we get ready to leave the restaurant, I ask whether there are differences between men and women ________________ intelligence.
9．They were not sure how the musicians would ________________ the new type of fascinating music.
10．The saleswomen promoted their Tang Costume, which ________________ Chinese history and fashion culture.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．There has been a very mixed ________ (react) to the decision made by the consultant.
2．Too often we make decisions based ________ (sole) upon what we see in the fascinating magazines.
3．The well-known chemist then decided right before the opening to make a dramatic ________ (announce).
4．The clients tried to negotiate for a ________ (low) price but they wouldn't budge an inch.
5．Many people agree with the government's ________ (predict) that the economy will improve.
6．Last year he ________ (employ) in the engineering department to assist in the development of new equipment.
7．The scientist is fascinated by finding the key to understanding the genetic code that ________ (determine) every bodily feature.
8．In contrast to their brothers, the girls were both ________ (intelligence) and charming.
9．The lawyer said it was still not possible ________ (predict) the ultimate outcome.
10．He says dealing with ________ (disable) has important implications for economic policy.
Ⅳ.汉译英(用括号内的短语)
1．在销售部门的支持下，新产品越来越受欢迎。(过去分词短语作状语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．当一个女孩成名之后，她很可能会受到内部压力的困扰。(be likely to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．是她预言选举结果将很接近。(强调句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．当母亲建议她留下时，艾丽斯默然接受了。(suggest that)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．没有自己令人印象深刻的风格，你就不能算是一个作家！(deserve)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part B Lesson 1 EQ: IQ
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.
1．演讲技能 2.沟通能力 3.理解力 4.未来的工作趋势
5．很多办公室或工厂的日常工作 6.适应变化的世界
7．intelligence 8.determine 9.employ 10.predict
11．association 12.adjust 13.announce 14.react
Ⅱ.
1．intelligent 2.employment employer employee
3．determination 4.announcement 5.ability disability
6．associate 7.disabled 8.solely 9.react 10.altogether
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅱ.
1．B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.D
Ⅲ.
1．simply 2.description 3.hired 4.Supported
5．predicting 6.who 7.failing 8.mistaken 9.if 10.and
核心突破·要点讲解
第一版块：核心单词
1．①intelligence ②is very intelligent ③is a person of high intelligence ④has high intelligence
2．①to learn ②on/upon ③Determined ④determination ⑤determined to see ⑥determined on/upon seeing
⑦determined that he should see ⑧been determined to see
3．①in ②employment ③employees ④employer ⑤to manage ⑥employed himself in ⑦have been employed to deal with
4．①predictions ②has been predicted/is predicted
③predicted ④predictable ⑤to predict ⑥predict
⑦forecasted/forecast
5．①to win ②recording/to be recorded ③deserved to be praised/praising ④requires to be improved
6．①to promote ②(to be) captain ③to be headmaster
④to for ⑤be/get promoted
7．①association ②in ③with
8．①Measurement ②to protect ③measures/measured
④measure to ⑤measured by/in
9．①living ②adjustment ③adjustable ④adjust his camera
⑤adjusted to ⑥make an adjustment to
10．①announcement ②to ③be announced ④declared
⑤was announced
11．①to adjust ②unwilling ③willingly ④are quite willing to ⑤is unwilling to ⑥is willing to/is content to/is pleased to/would like to
12．①to ②reaction ③react against ④reacts with
⑤you react to it ⑥reacted on/upon the price of food
13．①with ②disabled ③disabilities ④disabled
14．①lying ②as ③accused ④of ⑤accused of
⑥with theft
第二版块：重点短语
1．①signing ②dead ③in ④to ⑤ended up in failure
⑥ended up with ⑦ended up getting along well with
2．①on ②for ③On the one hand on the other hand
3．①In ②on ③in ④on ⑤in terms of ⑥In the long term ⑦in favour of
4．①to get ahead ②get ahead ③go ahead ④go ahead
⑤ahead of time
第三版块：典型句式
1．①what ②What ③what ④what ⑤That ⑥What ⑦that ⑧what
2．①It was my friend that/who ②It was yesterday that
③It was in the street that ④It was one of his clients that
3．①pulled ②heard ③broken ④completed ⑤beaten ⑥make themselves understood ⑦With his research finished ⑧found my bag gone
4．①It is rather difficult for her to keep up with the change. ②It is really kind of you to help me. ③It's important for us ④It is wise of you ⑤for ⑥of ⑦to learn
5．①It ②said ③It ④is reported ⑤that ⑥is thought
6．①whether/if ②whether ③whether ④that ⑤There is no doubt about it ⑥There is some doubt whether
7．①balancing ②walking ③getting
8．①even if/though ②Even though/if ③even if/though ④as though/if
9．①(should) have ②(should) not watch ③agrees ④had not broken (should) not pay ⑤(should) start
10．①compared ②Given ③Asked ④United divided
⑤asked ⑥invited
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.
1．announce 2.internal 3.adjust 4.association 5.deserve
6．intelligence 7.disabled 8.Altogether 9.reacted 10.willing
Ⅱ.
1．as well 2.get on well with 3.were involved in
4．deal with 5.compared to 6.was accused of 7.are willing to 8.in terms of 9.react to 10.stands for
Ⅲ.
1．reaction 2.solely 3.announcement 4.lower 5.prediction
6．was employed 7.determines 8.intelligent 9.to predict 10.disability
Ⅳ.
1．Supported by the sales department, the new product gets more and more popular.
2．When a girl became famous, she was likely to be troubled with internal pressure.
3．It was she that predicted the election result would be close.
4．When her mother suggested that she stay, Alice acquiesced.
5．You don't deserve to be an author without your own impressive style!Part C Lesson 2 Career Skills
【学习目标】
课时词汇 常用短语 典型句式
trend, guarantee, motivated, financial, comprehension, require, apply, alternative keep up with, rather than, be related to, have difficulty (in) doing sth., come up with, be in touch with, sum up, adapt to sth. There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或根据汉意和词性写出正确单词
1．trend n. ________________
2．alternative adj. ________________
n. ________________
3．guarantee v. ________________
n. ________________
4．________________ adj. 财政的，金融的；财务的
5．________________adj. 合乎逻辑的，合情合理的
6．________________ n. 理解(力)；阅读理解测试
7．________________ adj. 积极的，主动的
Ⅱ.根据下面所给单词，写出对应的派生词
1．finance n．金融→____________ adj.财政的，金融的，财务的
2．logic n．逻辑→____________ adj.合乎逻辑的，合情合理的
3．comprehend v．理解；领悟→____________ n．理解(力)；阅读理解测试→____________ adj. 理解的，有理解力的
4．technology n．技术→____________ n．生物技术→____________ adj.技术的；科技的
5．motivate v．激发，激励，使有动机→____________ adj.积极的，主动的→____________ n．驱动力；积极性
第一版块：核心单词
1．trend n．趋势，趋向，倾向
(教材P105)．..we can't predict exactly what the job trends of the future will be.……我们无法准确预测未来的工作趋势。
change the trend of sb./sth. 改变某人的倾向/某事的趋势
observe the trend of sth. 观察某事的趋势
follow the trend 赶时髦/时尚
set a trend 引领潮流
Fashion designers always set the trend of the styles of clothing we wear.时装设计师总是引领我们所穿服装款式的潮流。
No one can change the general trend of world history.
谁也改变不了世界历史的总趋势。
[词汇拓展]
current trend目前趋势 latest trend最新趋势
economic trend经济趋势 downward trend向下的趋势
upward trend向上的趋势 opposite trend相反的趋势
[学法点拨]
trend的同义词还有tendency，current等。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Nowadays, there is a growing trend ________ more and more people choose to enjoy their family reunion dinner outside.
②What technologies do you see driving these ________ (trend)
完成句子
③The fashionable dresses designed by this young designer ________________ (引领潮流).
2.financial adj.财政的，金融的；财务的 finance n．金融；财政；财务
(教材P12)financial skills财务技能
financial services 金融服务
a financial centre 金融中心
financial affairs 财务
give financial advice 提供财务咨询
a financial advisor 财务顾问
financial difficulties/problems/crisis 财务困难/问题/危机
[词汇积累]
arrange finance 安排资金
get/obtain finance 得到/获得资金
raise finance 筹集资金
global finance 全球金融
international finance 国际金融
company finance 公司财政
corporate finance 企业财务
finance committee 财政委员会
finance department 财政部(门)
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Governments could relieve their ________ (finance) pressure.
完成句子
②然而，由于财务问题，这些计划被放弃了。
However, these plans were abandoned because of ________________．
3.comprehension n．理解(力)；阅读理解测试 comprehend v．理解；领悟 comprehensive adj.有理解力的，综合的，广泛的
(教材P12)comprehension skills理解能力
beyond/above/past (one's) comprehension 超出(某人的)理解能力
a listening/reading comprehension 听力/阅读理解练习
develop/train one's comprehension 培养某人的理解能力
pass sb.'s comprehension 令某人不能理解
set sb. a comprehension test 对某人进行理解力测试
have no comprehension of sth. 不明白/不理解/不懂……
[知识拓展] comprehend＋n./pron.理解……
I did not comprehend his meaning．我不理解他的意思。
(＝I had no comprehension of his meaning.)
It is difficult to comprehend the seriousness of his crime.
很难理解他所犯罪行的严重性。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She had no comprehension ________ what was involved.
完成句子
②这个年轻人所作的担保非常令人费解。
The guarantee given by the young man was completely ________________．
③How he managed it is ______________________ (超出我的理解能力).
④The teacher set the class ________________________________ (一次理解力测验).
4.require v．要求；需要 requirement n．要求；必要条件
(教材P105)People will be required to do more creative work, coming up with new ideas and thinking about how to improve existing processes and activities.人们将被要求做更多的创造性工作，提出新的想法，思考如何改进现有的流程和活动。
sth. requires doing＝sth. requires to be done 某事需要被做
require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require that... 要求……(宾语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略)
require a lot of care and attention 需要悉心照顾
require urgent treatment 需要紧急处理
meet/satisfy requirements for 满足……的要求
Success requires hard work.成功需要努力工作。
The car requires washing.(＝The car requires to be washed.)这辆汽车需要清洗。
The school requires students to wear school uniforms.
学校要求学生穿校服。
The college requires that all the students should pass the English test.这所大学要求所有学生都要通过这个英语测试。
The new computers will meet/satisfy our requirements.
这些新电脑将满足我们的需求。
[教师提醒]
require作“需要”解时，有sth. requires doing之用法，此时主语something与doing之间是逻辑动宾关系。英语中具有这种用法的动词还有need, want (需要)。如：The room wants/needs/requires cleaning/to be cleaned.这房间需要清理了。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The teacher required that the reading comprehension ________ (finish) before school was over.
②The machine does not work well. It requires ________________ (repair).
③The school requires students ________ (arrive) at school at 6：00 AM.
④The bookstore satisfies/meets the students' requirements ________ books.
5.apply v．申请；应用 applied adj.应用的 applicant n．申请者 application n．应用；用途；申请
(教材P105)Are there any other skills we will need that can be applied to different jobs？有我们需要的能够应用于不同工作的什么其他技能吗？
apply for 申请
apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物
apply...to... 把……应用到……
apply theory to practice 把理论运用到实践中
apply oneself to 致力于(to是介词)
apply to sth. 对……适用，对……有效
apply to do... 申请做某事
One hundred people applied for the job.
有100人申请那份工作。
She applied to Apple and they offered her a job.
＝She made an application to Apple and they offered her a job.她向苹果公司提出了申请，他们给她提供了一份工作。
The factory applied a new technology to improve product quality.工厂运用了一项新技术来提高产品质量。
The rule applies to all students.这规则对所有学生都适用。
He applied himself to learning English.
他致力于英语学习。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Full details will be sent to you once your ________ (apply) has been accepted.
②The physician has been applying himself to ________ (save) more patients.
③She applied the cream (乳霜) ________ her face.
④He applied pressure ________ the wound ________ (stop) the bleeding.
完成句子
⑤我已经决定申请这份新工作。
I have decided to ________________________ this new job.
⑥年轻的建筑师已经花了相当多的精力致力于这项任务。
The young architect __________________________ this task with considerable energy.
6.alternative adj.(仅用于名词前)可替代的，供选择的 n．可供选择的事物
(教材P106)Unless you have something specific you want to study, there are alternatives to going to university.
除非你有什么特别想学的东西，否则除了上大学还有其他选择。
alternative energy 替代能源
alternative ways/methods 可供选择的方法
an alternative to... ……的替代品
have no alternative/choice but to do sth. 除了做某事之外别无选择
The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But alternative explanations are hard to find.
恐龙的灭绝不一定是因为天体的碰撞，但也难以找到其他的解释。(“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”句式，不定式用主动形式表示被动含义)
The only alternative to being taken prisoner was to die fighting.
除了当俘虏之外，唯一的选择就是奋战至死了。
[归纳拓展]
face with two alternatives
面临两种选择
find an alternative
找到可供选择的办法
propose an alternative
提出一种可供选择的办法
an alternative of going by train
选择坐火车
an alternative to sb.'s plan
可以代替某人计划的方案
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①There are several ________ (alternative) ________ your plan.
②I'm afraid I have no alternative ________ to report you to the police.
③We returned ________ the alternative road.
④I had no alternative but ________ (persuade) the man to give up.
7．guarantee vt.保证，担保；n.保修单
(教材P106)Going to university does not guarantee a job.上大学并不能保证找到工作。
guarantee sth. 保证、确保某事
guarantee＋that从句 保证……
guarantee to do sth. 保证去做某事
guarantee sb. sth./guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事
guarantee...against/from... 保证……不……
guarantee sth. for some time 对某物保修一段时间
I can't guarantee the stability of my income.
我不能保证我的收入的稳定。
The boy guaranteed to behave well at the reception.
这个男孩保证在招待会上好好表现。
It is generally acknowledged that graduating from a famous university doesn't guarantee you a good job if you lack confidence.
人们普遍认为，如果你缺乏自信，从名牌大学毕业并不能保证你能得到一份好工作。
I can guarantee that he is willing to participate in this activity.
我能保证他愿意参与这项活动。
[归纳拓展]
n.保证，担保；担保物；保修单
under guarantee在保修期内
give sb. a guarantee that...
向某人保证……
offer a 30-day money-back guarantee提供30天内退款保证
offer a one-year guarantee on sth.
对……提供一年质保期
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Your watch will be repaired free if it is still ________ guarantee.
②Our goods ________ (guarantee), and you may return any bad ones.
③Can you guarantee ________ (work) for more than a year
完成句子
④His turning up will ____________________________ (保证成功) of the meeting.
8.motivated adj.积极的，主动的 motivate vt.成为……的动机；激发 motivation n．动力，诱因
(教材P106)To sum it up, I suppose you could say we need to have good computer skills, be motivated, creative, hard-working, ready to learn and be able to communicate well！总而言之，我想你可以说我们需要良好的计算机技能，有上进心，有创造力，努力工作，随时准备学习，并且能很好地沟通！
be motivated by... 受……激励/激发；出于……的动机
motivate sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事
one's motivation for (doing) sth. 某人做某事的动机
a high level of motivation 高度积极性
motivation behind... ……的背后动机
They are motivated by a need to achieve.
对成功的渴望激励着他们。
Her dream motivated her to work hard.
她的梦想激励着她努力工作。
He is a highly motivated student.
他是一位非常积极的学生。
Motivation is the key to success.
自我驱动是成功的关键。
[搭配拓展]
(1)keep sb. motivated 保持某人的积极性
get sb. motivated 使某人有积极性
become motivated 变得积极
(2)have high motivation 有很高的积极性
have poor motivation 有很低的积极性
lack motivation 缺乏积极性
lose motivation 失去动机
generate motivation 激发积极性
provide motivation 提供动力
reduce motivation 削弱积极性
maintain motivation 保持积极性
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①In my opinion, Joe is a ________ (motivate) and ambitious young man with clear goals.
②It is believed that students' inner ________ (motivate) is essential to their developments.
③Her motivation ________ writing was a desire for women to get the right to receive higher education.
④His parents motivate him ________ (study) further to get his master's degree.
完成句子
⑤People can __________________________ (被……激励) many things when they set goals.
⑥The children ____________________________ (被激励自立) in the kindergarten.
⑦He has a special ability to __________________________ (激励他的学生更加努力地学习).
第二版块：重点短语
1．lead to
(教材P105)．..I am having difficulty choosing a university course that will lead to a good job in the future.
……我很难选择一门将来能找到好工作的大学课程。
(1)导致，造成(后果)
In given conditions, a bad thing can lead to a good result.
在一定条件下，一件坏事可以导致好的结果。
(2)通向，通往
All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。
lead sb. to do sth. 使得某人做某事
lead sb. to some place 领某人到某地
lead a．..life 过着……的生活
The astonished look on his face led me to believe that he knew nothing about the result.
他脸上惊讶的表情使我相信他对结果一无所知。
After a brief introduction, the assistant led me to the office of the president.
简单的介绍之后，助理领我去了董事长办公室。
Actually the sponsor led a very miserable life.
实际上，赞助人过着非常悲惨的生活。
[学法点拨]
lead to中to为介词，后接名词或者动名词作宾语。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①In addition, anxiety and worry can lead ________ sickness.
②When seeing my trouble, the librarian led me ________ the book I was looking for.
③The failure of his career led him ________ (be) in low spirits.
④After that, the prince and the girl led ________ happy life.
完成句子
⑤War never settles anything. It only ________________ (导致暴力).
⑥It doesn't matter whether you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads ______________________ (通向公园).
⑦With the Spring Festival approaching, the salesmen and saleswomen __________________ (过着忙碌的生活).
2.keep up with赶得上，跟得上
(教材P105)Well, using the Internet, learning new IT skills and keeping up with technology developments will be very important.嗯，使用互联网、学习新的IT技能和跟上技术发展将会非常重要。
Even well-established corporations can rarely keep up with demand.即使知名企业也很少能跟上需求。
It seems that I am out of date and can't keep up with the times, let alone set the trend.
看来我已经落伍了，跟不上时代，更别说引领潮流了。
keep(...)from 阻止(某人)做某事，阻止(某事)发生
keep away from 避免接近；远离
keep on 继续，不停地(做某事)
keep back 忍住，抑制住；隐瞒
keep to 遵守/信守(诺言)
keep off (使)远离
keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)
keep it up 保持优秀成绩；继续做下去
As far as the critic can see, there is only one way to keep away from this tendency.
在评论家看来，只有一种方法可以避免这种倾向。
[名师点津] catch up with和keep up with的区别
这两个短语都可表示“赶上”，其区别是：
catch up with是表示从落后的状态迎头赶上；keep up with表示跟上某人以至于不落后。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Nothing will keep me ________ pursuing my dream.
②As a senior three student, what you should do is to keep ________ a good state of mind and adjust yourself to the pace of the senior three life.
③You must keep ________ the restrictions even if you think they're unfair.
④Keep ________ your tears and remain optimistic. I'm sure you'll succeed finally.
⑤Keep away ________ the construction site. It is very dangerous.
⑥He kept ________ working outdoors until midnight even though he was tired.
完成句子
⑦She is always buying new clothes to ______________________________ (跟上潮流).
⑧If you're eating a healthy diet, ________________________ (坚持下去).
3.come up with想出；提出；赶上
(教材P105)．..people will be required to do more creative work, coming up with new ideas...……人们将被要求做更多的创造性工作，提出新的想法……
All you had to do was come up with a good way to explain the abstract concept to him.
所有你要做的就是想出一个好办法来向他解释这个抽象的概念。
I had to run to come up with him.我得跑才能赶上他。
come across (偶然)遇见；被理解
come about 发生(常与how连用)
come on 快点儿；加油；得了吧
come up 上升；发芽；发生
come out 出来；出版；为人所知
come to 共计；达到；苏醒
I came across the humorous producer in the street yesterday.
我昨天在街上偶然遇到那位幽默的制片人。
How did it come about that he treated the person with disability in that way
他怎么那样对待那个残疾人呢？
Diverse versions of the device will come out soon.
该设备的不同版本将很快推出。
After many talks they came to a commercial agreement.
经过多次会谈，他们达成了一项商业协议。
[易混辨析]
come up被提出 come up with...提出
如：①The officer came up with a new idea at the meeting.在会上，那位警官提出一个新的想法。
②A new idea came up to my mind at the meeting.在会上，我想到一个新主意。
[即学即练] 用v.＋up＋with短语填空
①Many people, especially the elderly, cannot ________________ the development of technology.
②Although against my opinion, the old professor didn't ________________ his own.
③I can ________________ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
④Thanks to his help, the last student finally ________________ his classmates.
⑤If you work in camps and help organise sports activities, you could ________________ a qualification (资格) as an instructor.
4.adapt to sth.适应某事
(教材P106)We all need to keep developing and adapting to a changing world, don't we
我们都需要不断发展，适应不断变化的世界，不是吗？
Adolescents tend to adapt to the study atmosphere and circumstance quickly.
青少年往往能快速适应学习氛围和环境。
Some animals have a remarkable ability to adapt to changing environments.有些动物适应环境的能力很强。
adapt...for... 把……改编成……
be adapted from 改编自……
He is motivated by his teacher to adapt a novel for a movie.
老师激励他把小说改编成电影。
This text is adapted from a story in ChineseLiterature.
这篇文本是根据《中国文学》上的一篇故事改编的。
[学法点拨]
apt适当的→adapt [根义](使)适合
[多义]
opt选择→adopt [根义]选取→[多义]
The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the orphan came to adapt to his new life.那对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，收养了一个孤儿。几个月后，这个孤儿逐渐适应了他的新生活。
[词语积累]
adaptation n．适应；改编；改写本
adaptable adj.可适应的；可改编的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The culture made it hard for him to adapt ________ the new environment abroad.
②This film is adapted ________ Mo Yan's novel, RedSorghum.
③His novel has been adapted ________ TV series.
④What the librarian recommended him to read was an ________ (adapt) of ASurroundedCity.
辨析填空：adapt, adopt
⑤They have no children of their own, so they're hoping to ________．
⑥The good thing about children is that they ________ very easily to new environments.
⑦The company determined to ________ more novel methods to motivate more young people to work for them.
⑧The radio play was ________ from a novel, which attracted great attention.
完成句子
⑨This machine has ____________________ (被改装为) using underwater.
⑩I'm not quite myself now. In other words, I ________________________ (还没适应) the climate here.
5.rather than而不是(有时相当于介词)
(教材P12)We need the ability to consider and evaluate information rather than just learn and remember it.我们需要思考和评价信息的能力，而不仅仅是学习和记忆的信息。
rather than用于连接两个并列成分。它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。
(1)rather than连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
The father rather than the children is responsible.应负责的是父亲而不是孩子们。
(2) rather than后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to的不定式。
Rather than go there by air, I'd take the slowest train.我宁可乘最慢的火车也不愿坐飞机去那里。
When a dark-colored cake was served on a black plate rather than a white one, customers recognized it as sweeter and more tasty.顾客认为一个深色的蛋糕在黑色的盘子上，比在白色的盘子上端上来时更甜、更可口。(连接两个名词短语)
When classical, rather than pop, music was playing, diners spent more.当古典音乐而不是流行音乐在播放时，就餐者消费的更多。(连接两个形容词)
We persuaded Anne to go by train rather than by plane.
我们说服了安妮放弃乘飞机而是坐火车去。(连接两个介词短语)
[知识链接] “宁愿做……而不愿做……”多种表达
prefer to do...rather than do...
would do...rather than do...
would rather do...than do...
这个男孩宁愿把玩具拆开也不愿扔掉。
The boy prefers to take the toy apart rather than throw it away.
＝The boy would take the toy apart rather than throw it away.
＝The boy would rather take the toy apart than throw it away.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than ________ (provide) a mobile phone for every family member.
②Facing up to your problems rather than ________ (run) away from them is the best approach to working things out.
③I rather than you ________ (be) to blame for the mistake.
6.be related to与……有关系/有关联
(教材P13)Mr McDougall says there'll be new jobs related to information technology, bio-technology and green technology.麦克杜格尔先生说，将会有与信息技术、生物技术和绿色技术相关的工作。
be closely/strongly related to 与……有密切关系
be directly related to 与……有直接关系
This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment.
这一点非常重要，因为它与你的投入直接相关。
This problem is closely related to that one.
这个问题与那个问题密切相关。
[易错警示]
related to...常在句中作后置定语，相当于which/that引导的定语从句。
如：There is a question closely related to this one for us to answer.
＝There is a question which/that is closely related to this one for us to answer.
有一个与这个问题紧密相关的问题需要我们来回答。
[知识拓展]
relate to涉及；与……相关
relate A to B把A与B联系起来
in relation to关于；与……相比
This report tries to relate mental health to physical health.
这份报告试图把心理健康和身体健康联系起来。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①For the risk-seekers，a part of the brain ________ (relate) to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain ________ (relate) to fear becomes active.
完成句子
②______________________ (和……相比) Beijing, Shanghai is more like Hong Kong.
③I'd like to point out some problems ________________________ (关于) your suggestion.
7.have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难
(教材P105)．..and I am having difficulty choosing a university course that will lead to a good job in the future.……并且我在选择将来能使我得到一份好工作的大学课程上遇到了困难。
(1)have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难，in可以省略，difficulty是不可数名词，该短语相当于have difficulty with sth.。
(2)have trouble
(3)have problems
He is having trouble (in) getting his message across to the voters.
他难以向选民传达自己的意思。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Do you have any difficulty ________ your English
②I have no problems ________ my mathematics.
③I have some trouble ________ learning physics.
④Such a person has great difficulty in ________ (wake) up in the mornings.
⑤Homeless people often have difficulty ________ (find) a job because they have no home addresses.
8.be in touch (with)(与……)保持联系
(教材P106)．..they can work from anywhere and be in touch with people all over the world.
他们可以在任何地方工作并且与世界各地的人们保持联系。
keep in touch with 与……保持联系
stay in touch (with) (与……)保持联系
be out of touch (with) (与……)失去联系
get in touch (with) (与……)取得联系
lose touch (with) (与……)失去联系
Keep in touch with friends.
与朋友们保持联系。
I regret deeply that I have lost touch with those clients.
我非常后悔和那些客户失去了联系。
[易错警示]
stay/keep/be in touch (with), be out of touch (with)表示状态，可与表示一段时间的状语连用；而get in touch (with), lose touch (with)表示动作，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①两周前，我的儿子本(和我)取得了联系。
Two weeks earlier, my son, Ben, had ________________________．
②我们大约有两年没有和他们联系了。
We ____________________________ them for about two years.
③—When did you ________________________ (与……取得联系) her
—I ________________________ (与……联系) her 5 years ________， and we ________________________ with each other for 5 years.
9.sum up概括；合计
(教材P106)To sum it up, I suppose you could say...总而言之，我想你可以说……。
(1)合计，总计
Your marks sum up to 87.你的分数总计为87分。
(2)总结；概括
At the end of the meeting, the chairman summed up the opinions of the members.
会议结束时，主席总结了会员们的意见。
(3)判断；估量
A difficult fellow to sum up—You never know what he's thinking.一个难以捉摸的人——谁也搞不清他在想什么。
to sum up 总之
a sum of 许多，大量
一大笔钱
the sum of... ……的数目；……的总和
in sum(＝in short, in brief, in a word) 总之
To sum up, there are three main ways of tackling the problem.概括起来说，这一问题主要有三种解决办法。
He will open the debate and I will sum up.
他将第一个开始辩论，而我将总结。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①At the end of the class, the teacher ______________________ (总结/概括) the main points.
②______________________ (总之), we must produce the best products for customers.
③他因为违反交通规则被交管部门罚了一笔钱，这笔钱的数目达到了1 000美元。
He has been fined ________________ money by traffic administration for breaking the traffic rules and ____________________ it comes to $1，000.
④________________ (总和) of five and three is eight.
第三版块：典型句式
There be＋主语＋非谓语动词
(教材P106)There is a great change going on in the world.世界正在发生巨大的变化。
[句式分析] 本句是简单句，going on in the world是现在分词短语作定语，修饰change。
其中，非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的主语。具体形式：
(1)There be＋主语＋doing...表示主动或进行
There are still some people suffering from disability and they need our help.
还有一些人患有残疾，他们需要我们的帮助。
(2)There be＋主语＋done...表示被动或完成
There were three students, including me, motivated by our professor to participate in the project.
包括我在内的三名学生在我们教授的激励下参与了这个项目。
(3)There be＋主语＋to do...表示动作尚未发生
There will be some problemsto discuss at the conference.
会议上将有一些问题要讨论。
[误区警示] 当主语与其后的不定式是逻辑动宾关系时，不定式用主动式和被动式均可，有些没有意义上的区别，有些则有区别。
There is no time to lose/to be lost．时间不容耽误。
There is nothing to see．没有什么东西值得看。
There is nothing to be seen．看不见什么东西。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①In 1812, there were 66 novels ________ (publish) in Britain.
②Yet there is evidence ________ (suggest) that the trend is growing.
③The boss announces that there are still some employees ________ (deserve) the prize.
④There are still many problems ________ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
完成句子
⑤There are some citizens __________________________ (站在画廊前).
⑥There is a red car ________________________ (停在房子外面).
⑦____________________________ (无事可做) and he just sits there absent-minded.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．We had to offer our house as a ________ (担保) when getting the credit.
2．A reliable employee needs good communication skills, highly ________ (积极的) and individual work ability.
3．The report suggested that the same ________ (趋势) was at work in economy.
4．The economic question is not entirely separable from the ________ (财政的) one.
5．A large vocabulary and an intelligent mind will help much when you do the reading ________ (理解).
Ⅱ.短语填空
lead to, be applied to, come up with, get in touch with, sum up
1．To our joy, the young engineer ______________ a brilliant design.
2．Marketing ________________ everything these days, and management is no exception.
3．He promised to ________________ us as soon as he found a reliable partner.
4．Logically, they want to ________________ their past experience before going on.
5．It is believed that partnerships with creative people could ________________ financial gains.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．She wondered if centuries of diving could have led ________ the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.
2．I probably would have continued trying to keep up ________ him for the rest of my high school career, but when my family moved, everything changed.
3．They have very different ________ (motivation) for creating the work.
4．People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to ________ (live) at high altitudes.
5．And, having spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason ________ (doubt) that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever.
6．Mathematical models have also revealed that food webs may be unstable, where small changes of top predators can lead ________ big effects throughout entire ecosystems.
7．By mid-1963, the Beatles had been extremely popular in England. Even their hairstyles became major ________ (trend) at that time.
8．Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up ________ a low-cost device (装置) that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard.
9．Creativity is the most important quality to keep students interested and ________ (motivate).
10．On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of ________ (adapt) — not to air or to food, but to the ocean.
Ⅳ.汉译英(用括号内的短语)
1．早晨朗读英文会给你带来许多好处，值得推广。(动名词短语作主语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．发送消息后，我们必须确保消息最终被传递给内部应用程序。(guarantee that)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．刚上高中时，我英语学得很吃力，尤其是阅读理解。(have difficulty in doing...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．聪明人具有丰富的知识和运用好这些知识的能力。(不定式短语作后置定语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．我们的财政收入是五年前的两倍。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part C Lesson 2 Career Skills
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.
1．趋势，趋向，倾向 2.可替代的，供选择的 可供选择的事物 3.担保，保证 保修单 4.financial 5.logical
6．comprehension 7.motivated
Ⅱ.
1．financial 2.logical 3.comprehension comprehensive
4．biotechnology technological 5.motivated motivation
核心突破·要点讲解
第一版块：核心单词
1．①that ②trends ③set the trend
2．①financial ②financial problems
3．①of ②beyond comprehension
③beyond my comprehension ④a comprehension test
4．①should be finished ②repairing/to be repaired
③to arrive ④for
5．①application ②saving ③on ④to to stop ⑤apply for
⑥has applied himself to
6．①alternatives to ②but ③by ④to persuade
7．①under ②are guaranteed ③to work ④guarantee the success
8．①motivated ②motivation ③for ④to study
⑤be motivated by ⑥are motivated to be independent
⑦motivate his students to study harder
第二版块：重点短语
1．①to ②to ③to be ④a ⑤leads to violence
⑥lead to the park ⑦lead a busy life
2．①from ②up ③to ④back ⑤from ⑥on ⑦keep up with the trend ⑧keep it up
3．①keep up with ②come up with ③put up with ④caught up with ⑤end up with
4．①to ②from ③for ④adaptation ⑤adopt ⑥adapt ⑦adopt
⑧adapted ⑨been adapted for ⑩haven't adapted to
5．①providing ②running ③am
6．①related related ②In relation to/Compared to/with
③in relation to
7．①with ②with ③in ④waking ⑤finding
8．①got in touch (with me) ②have been out of touch with ③get in touch with got in touch with ago have kept/stayed in touch
9．①summed up ②To sum up ③a sum of the sum of ④The sum
第三版块：典型句式
①published ②suggesting ③deserving ④to solve ⑤standing in front of the gallery ⑥parked outside the house ⑦There is nothing to do
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.
1．guarantee 2.motivated 3.trend 4.financial
5．comprehension
Ⅱ.
1．came up with 2.is applied to 3.get in touch with
4．sum up 5.lead to
Ⅲ.
1．答案与解析：to lead to导致。句意：她想知道几个世纪的潜水是否导致了物理特征的进化，使任务对他们来说更容易。
2．答案与解析：with keep up with跟得上，赶得上。句意：我可能会继续努力在我高中生涯的剩余时间里跟上他，但当我家搬走以后，一切都变了。
3．答案与解析：motivations 句意：他们的创作动机大相径庭。
4．答案与解析：living adapt to适应，to为介词，后接名词或者动名词作宾语。句意：生活在埃塞俄比亚高原的人们已经适应了在高海拔地区的生活。
5．答案与解析：to doubt there be＋名词＋非谓语动词，根据语境可知，动作尚未发生，用to do作定语。句意：而且，在与世界上许多顶尖的人工智能研究人员交谈后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI，如果可能的话。
6．答案与解析：to lead to导致。句意：数学模型也揭示了食物网可能是不稳定的，在那里，顶级捕食者的微小变化能使整个生态系统受到巨大影响。
7．答案与解析：trends trend是可数名词，结合语境可知此处用复数形式。句意：到1963年中期，甲壳虫乐队在英国已经非常受欢迎。甚至他们的发型也成为当时的主要潮流。
8．答案与解析：with come up with想出，提出。句意：佐治亚理工学院的研究人员表示，他们已经想出一种低成本的装置来解决这个问题：智能键盘。
9．答案与解析：motivated 句中and连接形容词interested和motivated.补充说明宾语students的情况。句意：创造力是保持学生兴趣和动力的最重要的品质。
10．答案与解析：adaptation 介词of后接名词作宾语。句意：在周四发表在《细胞》上的一篇文章中，一组研究人员报告了一种新的适应——不是对空气或食物，而是对海洋。
Ⅳ.
1．Reading English aloud in the morning will do you a lot of good, which deserves to be promoted.
2．After the message has been sent, we must guarantee that that message will eventually be delivered to the internal application.
3．When I began my senior middle school years. I had difficulty in learning English, especially reading comprehension.
4．A brilliant person is one who has much knowledge and the ability to use it well.
5．Our financial income is now double what it was five years ago.Part D Lesson 3 Meet the New Boss: You
【学习目标】
课时词汇 常用短语 典型句式
replace, avoid, profession, retirement, intention, relevant, strategy, salary, occupation, pace, security out of date, stand out, follow in sb.'s footsteps 1.感叹句 2．祈使句＋and＋陈述句 3．What if...？如果……会怎么样呢？ 4．It's up to sb. to do sth.该由某人做某事了
Ⅰ.核心单词练习：请根据所给英语单词和词性写出汉意或根据汉意和词性写出正确单词
1．footstep n. ________________
2．workshop n. ________________
3．prospect n. ________________
4．decent adj. ________________
5．salary n. ________________
6．recipe n. ________________
7．pace n. ________________
8．________________ adj. 多的，多种的，涉及多个人(物，事等)的
9．________________ adj. 极其重要的；最基本的
10．________________ n. 保障，保护；保安措施，安全工作
11．________________ adj. 有关的，切题的
12．________________n. 革新者，创新者
13．________________ n. 可能，可能性
14．________________ n. 雇主
15．________________ vi. &vt. (使)有资格
Ⅱ.根据下面所给单词，写出对应的派生词
1．profession n．职业，专业→____________ n．教授→____________ adj.专业的
2．occupy vt.占领；占有→____________ n．工作；职业→____________ n．居住者
3．qualify vi. &vt.使有资格→____________ n．资格；资格证书
4．secure adj.安全的→____________ n．保障；保护，保安措施，安全工作
5．employ vt.雇用→____________ n．雇用，职业，工作→____________ n．雇主→____________ n．雇员；被雇用者
6．source n．资源→____________ vt.外包，外办
7．train vt.训练，培训→____________ vt.(对……)再培训/再训练→____________ n．训练员→____________ n．被训练者
8．specialist n．专家→____________ adj.特别的，专门的→____________ v．使专业化
9．retire vi.退休/职→____________ n．退职，退休→____________ n．退休者
10．innovate v．创新；改革→____________ n．创新者→____________ n．创新，改革
[词语积累]
[1] footstep/'f tstep/n.脚步声
follow in one's footsteps继承某人的事业，步某人的后尘
[2] profession/pr 'fe n/n.专业，行业
professional adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员；职业运动员
[3] workshop/'w k p/n.车间，工厂
[4] prospect/'pr spekt/n.可能性，希望
[5] retirement/r 'ta m nt/n.退休，退职
retire vi.退休，退职
[6] have no intention of没有……的打算
[7] be unlikely to不可能
[8] relevant/'rel v nt/adj.有关的，切题的
be relevant to...和……有关
[9] out of date过时
[10] lottery/'l t ri/n.抽彩给奖法；碰运气的事
[11] hope for the best抱最好的希望
[12] decent/'di s nt/adj.相当好的，像样的，可接受的decently adv.合适地；高雅地；正派地
[13] salary/'s l ri/n.薪金，工资
[14] recipe/'res pi/n.秘诀，烹饪法，食谱
[15] innovator/' n ve t /
n．革新者，创新者
innovate vt.革新；创新；改革
[16] specialist/'spe l st/
n．专家
[17] rather than而不是；宁可……也不愿
[18] occupation/ kj 'pe n/
n．工作，职业
[19] pace/pe s/n.速度，进度
at a(n)...pace以……的速度
keep pace with与……并驾齐驱，与……保持同步
[20] outsource/'a ts s/
vt.外包，外办
[21] What if...？如果……怎么办？
[22] retrain/ ri 'tre n/vt.(为从事新工作)接受再培训，对……再训练
[23] qualify/'kw l fa /vi. &vt.(使)有资格，有权利；取得资格，达到标准
[24] likelihood/'la klih d/n.可能，可能性
likely adj.有可能的
[25] multiple/'m lt p l/
adj.多的，多种的，涉及多个人(物，事等)的
[26] in short简言之；总之
[27] essential/ 'sen l/adj.极其重要的；最基本的
[28] security/s 'kj r ti/
n．保障，保护；保安措施，安全工作
[29] employer/ m'pl /
n．雇用者，雇主
Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents' footsteps[1] by working in the family business or joining the same profession[2] as them. You'd follow your father to sea, onto the farm or into the workshop[3]. You'd follow your mother into the kitchen or sewing room. In your grandparents' time, there was the prospect[4] of doing the same job from graduation until retirement[5]. How times have changed 【1】！ Most people now have no intention of[6] following in their parents' footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.
【1】How times have changed！是由“How＋主语＋谓语！”构成的感叹句。
In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life 【2】 just isn't practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now 【3】 are unlikely to[7] remain relevant[8] and be enough to help you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date[9] very soon. And then what will you do Work hard Win the lottery[10]？ Hope for the best[11]？ You might be lucky. These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent[12]salary[13] and retiring while you're still young and healthy 【4】. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career” 【5】．
【2】planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life是动名词短语作主语。
【3】you have now是省略关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the skills。
【4】while引导时间状语从句。
【5】called “career”是过去分词短语作定语，修饰the little box。
If you think you can work eight hours a day and build a career, think again. You might be able to keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do 【6】， but this is hardly a recipe[14] for great career success. Instead, you'd better keep looking for smarter ways to do your work. You'll need to be a risk taker, an innovator[15]， a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, and you can become an expert or a specialist[16] in something one day 【7】. You have a chance to choose to build a career, rather than[17] being told to stay or to go.
【6】if条件状语从句中，含有what引导的宾语从句。
【7】该句为“祈使句＋and＋简单句”，相当于含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。
Jobs and occupations[18] come and go at an amazing pace[19] these days. If you think you can't be replaced by software, or your job can't be outsourced[20] to some robots on the moon 【8】， you are wrong. What if[21] your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field 【9】？ You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained[22] in order to qualify[23] to work in another field. In fact, in all likelihood[24], you will have to do this multiple[25] times. But you can be prepared for developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career. It is entirely your choice to learn, or to be forced to learn 【10】．
【8】if条件状语从句中，or连接两个并列的宾语从句you can't be replaced by software和your job can't be outsourced to some robots on the moon。
【9】What if...？是固定句式，意为“如果……怎么办？”。
【10】to learn, or to be forced to learn不定式结构作真正的主语。
In short[26], if you want to succeed in a 21st century career, you will have to develop new essential[27] skills. Lifetime security[28] from one employer[29] is no longer certain or even likely. The truth is that you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it 【11】. Are you ready for this
【11】此句中，that引导表语从句。第一个and连接两个并列分句。第二个分句中，it是形式主语，不定式短语作真正的主语；不定式后接两个并列的宾语从句。
一直到20世纪80年代，在很多国家人们往往子承父业(footstep)，参与家族生意，或选择与父母从事同一职业(profession)。你可能会像父亲一样出海、去农场、进车间(workshop)，也可能会像妈妈一样进厨房、去缝纫室。在你祖父母的时代，人们的预期(prospect)是从毕业到退休(retirement)都做同样的工作。现在时代变了！如今大多数人不再想子承父业，甚至不愿长时间做同一份工作。
事实上，在同一个领域、同一行业工作一辈子的想法已经不现实了。其中一个原因是技术进步。你现在拥有的工作技能不可能一直有用(relevant)，也不足以支撑你的整个职业生涯。事实上，这些技能可能很快就会过时，然后你会怎么做？努力地工作？中彩票(lottery)？尽量往好处想？你可能会运气不错。这些做法可能会带来美好舒适的生活：从事一项自己喜欢的工作，挣着一份体面的(decent)薪水(salary)，退休时还年富力强。但是，今天我们大多数人都必须跳出“职业生涯”这个小框来看待问题。
如果以为一天工作8个小时就可以成就一番事业，那么你得重新想想了。完成别人安排的任务，也许可以保住你的工作，但绝不是取得巨大职业成就的方法(recipe)。相反，最好要不断寻找更巧妙的工作方法，要成为一个冒险者、一个创新者(innovator)、一个问题解决者，以及一个努力工作的人。持之以恒，这样有一天你才会成为某个行业的专家或专业人士(specialist)。你有机会去选择成就一番事业，而不是让别人决定自己的去留。
如今，工作更换、职业(occupation)更替的速度(pace)惊人。如果认为自己不会被软件取代，或者自己的工作不可能外包(outsource)给月球上的机器人，那就大错特错了。假如自己辛辛苦苦工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办？你可能不得不重新回到教室，接受再培训(retrain)，以便取得在其他领域工作的资格(qualify)。事实上，你非常有可能 (likelihood)要这样重复很多(multiple)次。但是在被职业抛弃之前，你可以为未来的发展变化做好准备。选择主动学习还是被迫学习，完全取决于你自己。
简言之，如果你想在21世纪的职业生涯中取得成功，就必须培养新的必备(essential)技能。从同一个雇主(employer)那里获得终身职业保障(security)已不再可能也不再可行。实际上，你才是自己职业生涯的老板，也只有你才能决定自己能做什么、能做多好。你准备好了吗？
Ⅰ.课文结构图示
Ⅱ.课文预习自测
1．What was the trend of job choice in the 1980s
A．People would try different jobs in diverse fields.
B．People would do the same job as their parents.
C．People would work on the farm or at the sea.
D．People would work as cooks or farmers.
2．What makes it impossible to work in one field for the lifetime
A．The development of technology.
B．The requirement of a decent salary.
C．The lack of education.
D．High unemployment.
3．In the author's view, which of the following persons can not build a career
A．A person who would like to take risks.
B．A person who is willing to solve problems.
C．A person who works hard.
D．A person who works eight hours a day.
4．According to the passage, what should we do to keep up with the fast pace of the society
A．Change jobs frequently.
B．Keep learning.
C．Do the same job for years.
D．Make correct decisions.
5．Which of the following proverbs reflects the author's view
A．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B．Never too old to learn.
C．Kill two birds with one stone.
D．Well begun is half done.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Up until the 1980s, people in many countries 1.________ (regular) followed in their parents' footsteps when choosing jobs. How times have changed! Most people now have no 2.________ (intend) of staying at one job for very long. In fact, 3.________ (plan) to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn't practical anymore. The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough 4.________ (help) you through your entire career. 5.________ (build) a career, you'd better keep looking for 6.________ (smart) ways to do your work. You'll need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, 7.________ you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day. Jobs and occupations come and go at 8.________ amazing pace these days. You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field. The truth is 9.________ you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you 10.________ (decide) what you can do and how well you can do it.
第一版块：核心单词
1．profession n．专业，行业
(教材P14)．..working in the family business or joining the same profession as them.……参与家族生意，或选择与父母从事同一职业。
by profession 就职业而言；在职业上
enter/go into/join a profession 加入一个行业
The author of the guidebook is an architect by profession.
该旅游指南的作者的职业是建筑师。
The most suitable thing you could do is enter your father's profession and become a consultant.你能做得最合适的事就是进入你父亲所在的行业，成为一名咨询师。
With time going on, he came to revise his opinion of the profession.
随着时间的推移，他开始修正自己对这一职业的看法。(with复合结构，在句中作状语)
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals.
阿德莱德大学雇佣了全职的消防专业人员。
[词语积累]
professional adj.专业的；职业性的 n．专业人士，专家
professionally adv.职业上；专业地；内行地
the medical/legal/teaching profession医疗/法律/教学行业
professional skills专业技能
[词语积累]
seek professional advice/help寻求专业意见/帮助
look/sound very professional看上去/听起来很专业
a professional tennis player职业网球运动员
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The comedian performed his tricks with ________ (profession) skills.
②After the injury which led to his disability in the left leg, he never played ________ (professional) again.
③He's a ________ (profession) designer.
完成句子
④The ____________________ (职业运动员)were completely out of form during the match.
⑤Fond of singing as she is，she is anything but a good singer ________________________ (在职业上).
2.replace vt.代替，取代；把……放回原处 replacement n．取代，代替
(教材P14)to be replaced by被代替
replace A with B 用B代替A
be replaced by 被……取代
replace sb. as... 取代某人当……
replace supper with snacks 用零食替代晚饭
replace the old with the new 辞旧迎新
replace the book on the shelf 把书放回架子上
She replaced her old computer with a new laptop.
她用一台新笔记本电脑替换了她的旧电脑。
The Internet has replaced TV as the primary news and information source.
互联网已经取代了电视，成为了主要新闻和信息来源。
Jack has replaced David as CEO.
杰克接替大卫成为首席执行官。
[归纳拓展] 表示“代替，取代”的短语：
take the place of take one's place
in place of in one's place
instead of
[经典例句]
Please replace the book on the shelf after you finish reading it.
请你读完这本书后，把它放回书架原处。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The living-room television is ________ (replace) and gets planted in the kids' room...
②He has replaced Jiang ________ general manager of the company.
③The old TV set has been replaced ________ a new one.
完成句子
④紧张和恐惧被喜悦所取代。
Nervousness and fear were ________________ joy.
⑤是否应该用现代化的旅馆取代旧的汽车站仍在讨论中。
It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should ______________________ a modern hotel or not.
⑥我的自行车坏了，所以我决定换一辆新的。
There is something wrong with my bike, so I decide to use a new one ________________ it.
3.avoid vt.避免；(故意)避开 avoidable adj.可以避免的
(教材P14)How to avoid losing your job in the future.如何避免在将来失去你的工作。
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
avoid sb. /sth. 避开某人/某物
avoid the crowds 避开拥挤的人群
avoid responsibility 逃避/回避责任
avoid an issue 回避问题
avoid the risk of 避免……风险
And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portions (份), it's the beanpoles with big appetites that you really need to avoid.现有的研究认为，你应该避免和体重较重、点大份饭菜的人一起吃饭，实际上恰恰相反，你需要避免的是跟大胃口而又高又瘦的人在一起进餐。(contrary to与……相反；that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词research，其中包括who引导的定语从句who order large portions; you really need to avoid是定语从句，修饰先行词beanpoles)
You can avoid a lot of trouble by being silent.
沉默能使你避免很多麻烦。
[误区警示] avoid后可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，不能接不定式。有相同用法的动词还有consider, admit, imagine, mind, escape, practise, suggest等。
He was always careful to avoid embarrassment.他总是小心谨慎地避免尴尬。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①She has kept ________ (avoid) me for weeks.
②Mary pretended to be sick ________ (avoid) ________ (go) to school.
③You need to avoid ________ (make) such a mistake.
④He drives carefully ________ (avoid) car accidents.
⑤It's wrong ________ (avoid) responsibility, on the contrary, we should take it actively.
4.retirement n．退休；退职；退休生活 retire vi.退，退去；退休 retiring adj.将要退休的 retired adj.退休的
(教材P14)In your grandparents' time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement.在你祖父母的时代，人们的预期是从毕业到退休都做同样的工作。
retirement age 退休年龄
a retirement pension 退休金
in retirement 退休
provide for retirement 为退休生活作准备
a retired teacher 退休教师
retire into oneself 不和人交际
retire from... 从……退休
retire...as... 作为……而退休
He retired to his room.他退回到自己的房间。
He retired from public office.他从公职上退休了。
He provided for a comfortable retirement by selling the business.他把企业卖掉，准备过舒适的退休生活。
He retired from office and the world and knows almost nothing about the present situation.
他从职位上退下来，脱离了社会，对当今形势几乎一无所知。
[词语积累] retire from office退职
retire from service退役 retire from the world脱离社会
[近义词]
resign vt. &vi.辞职
resign from辞职
resign oneself to只好接受；听任
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①A ________ (retire) engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been offering free rides to college students for the past eight years.
②At age 60，the chemist retired ________ the hospital, but he never stopped serving the community.
③My soccer coach ________ (retire) last week. I wanted to do something impressive for him at his ________ (retire) party.
④He retired ________ mayor of the city ________ the government last month.
5.intention n．意图，打算 intend vt.计划；打算
(教材P14)Most people now have no intention of following in their parents' footsteps, or even staying at one job for very long.如今大多数人不再想子承父业，甚至不想长时间做同一份工作。
have no intention of 无意……
intend sth. 想要某物
intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
be intended for 专供……使用；专为……而设计
intend (that)＋从句
We intend to study/studying abroad.我们打算出国留学。
They intend him to manage the company.
他们打算让他经营该公司。
We have no intention of buying American jets.
我们无意购买美国喷气式飞机。
[归纳拓展]
intend to do sth. /doing sth.＝be intended to do sth.打算做某事
have intended to do(＝intended to have done)本打算做(而实际上未做)
We had intended to see the doctor at the hospital yesterday afternoon, but ended up having a talk with an old classmate on the way. (＝We intended to have seen the doctor...)
昨天下午我们本打算去医院看病，结果却在路上跟一位老同学聊起天。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①I intend ________ (stay) here for a week.
②The course is intended ________ (improve) students' writing skills.
③The storybook is intended ________ children between 6 and 11 years old.
④You write an unkind message about someone, ________ (intend) to send it to a friend, but accidentally send it to the person you're discussing. In that case, ask to speak in person as soon as possible and say sorry.
完成句子
⑤But when Dennis Williams received a text that clearly wasn't ________________________ (专门给) him, he did something special.
⑥I ________________________ (打算学习) in London during the summer vacation.
6.relevant adj.有关的，切题的 relevance n．关联；贴切；中肯 relevantly adv.有关地；切题地 irrelevant adj.无关的；不切题的
(教材P15)The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career.你现在拥有的工作技能不可能一直有用，也不足以支撑你的整个职业生涯。
be relevant to 与……有关
be irrelevant to sth. /sb. 与某物/某人无关
relevant expense 相关费用
be of relevance to sb./sth.＝be relevant to sb./sth. 与……有关
remain of relevance to sb./sth. 与……有关
lack relevance to sb./sth. 与……缺乏关联
lose relevance to sb./sth. 与……失去相关性
have relevance to sb./sth. 与……有关联
see relevance 看出相关性
demonstrate relevance 显示相关性
establish relevance 建立关联
Skim the book in order to establish its relevance to your needs.浏览一下这本书，找找与你的需要相关的东西。
Her idea has lost all relevance to modern world.
她的想法与现代社会完全脱节。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①What experience do you have that is relevant ________ the occupation
②He is willing to supply facts with relevance ________ the case.
③His being a good lawyer is irrelevant ________ what he learned at school.
④We received all the ________ (relevance) documents.
⑤What he answered has no relevance ________ what we asked.
一句多译：你必须保证你与此事无关。
⑥You must guarantee that you ________________________ this matter.
⑦You must guarantee that you ________________________ this matter.
⑧You must guarantee that you ________________________ this matter.
7.strategy n．计谋，策略；行动；计划；策划 strategic adj.战略的；重要的
(教材P15)These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life...这些做法可能会带来美好舒适的生活……
marketing strategy 营销策划
strategy of control 管理策略
strategy advisor/consultant 战略顾问
strategy for... ……的策略
The strategy is aimed at reducing the risk of accidents.
这种策略旨在降低事故风险。
The charity is drawing up a strategy to meet the needs of the homeless.
慈善机构正在拟订一项计划，以满足无家可归者的需要。
They are designing a global marketing strategy.
他们正在设计一套全球营销战略。
[归纳拓展]
design/develop/draw up/work out a strategy
设计/制定一个策略/战略
choose/decide on a strategy选择/确定战略/策略
have strategy有策略
propose a strategy提出策略
abandon a strategy放弃策略
[归纳拓展]
in the strategy在战略中
a strategy for...为……的战略
a strategy on...关于……的策略
a strategy towards...针对……的策略
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is certainly a ________ (strategic) worth ________ (explore).
②What we need to do now is ________ (decide) a proper strategy to deal ________ the problems in the markets.
③The document sets out the government's new strategy ________ its development.
完成句子
④战略训练在研究中是必需的。
______________________ is a must in research.
⑤你能告诉我们一些有关牛肉的营销策划吗？
Can you tell us anything about the ________________ for beef？
8.prospect n．可能性，希望；景色；(竞赛中的)有望获胜者
(教材P14)In your grandparents' time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement.在你祖父母的时代，人们的预期是从毕业到退休都做同样的工作。
in prospect 展望；在期望中；可以预料到
She is a good prospect for the national team.
她很有可能入选国家队。
I was motivated by the prospect of the new job ahead.
我被未来新工作的前景激励。
He is unemployed and has nothing in prospect.
他失业了，前途渺茫。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ prospect of tomorrow, our life will become better.
完成句子
②Great changes are ________________________ (可以预料到) in this field due to the scientific breakthrough.
③__________________________ (……的可能性) failing in her business makes the agent depressed every day.
9.salary n．薪金，工资
(教材P15)．..working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you're still young and healthy.……从事一项自己喜欢的工作，挣着一份体面的薪水，退休时还年富力强。
draw/get/receive a salary 领薪水
earn a salary 挣工资
pay sb. a salary 付给某人工资
offer sb. a salary 给某人工资
salary raise/increase 加薪
He was employed at a salary of $2, 000 a month.
他以月薪2 000美元受聘。
When you earn a high salary, your expenses seem to expand to meet it.当你挣到高工资时，你的开支似乎也水涨船高。
[即学即练] 辨析填空：salary, income, pay与wage
①Teachers will be awarded a 6% ________ increase this year.
②Many families on low ________ will be unable to afford the expensive facilities.
③Her ________ are 100 dollars a week as a receptionist.
④He resigned from his company because of the low ________．
10.occupation n．工作，职业
(教材P15)Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace these days.如今，工作更换、职业更替的速度惊人。
manual occupation 体力工作
choose an occupation 挑选职业
be under occupation 在占领下
He is not willing to follow in his father's footsteps and is looking for an occupation that is adventurous.他不愿继承父亲的事业，正在寻找一份具有冒险性的工作。
When we got to the restaurant, the table we had reserved was under occupation.
当我们到达餐馆时，我们预订的那张桌子已经有人了。
occupy vt. 占用；占据；使忙于
occupied adj. 忙于……的
occupy oneself in doing/with sth. 忙于(做)某事
be occupied in doing sth. 忙于(做)某事
be occupied with sth. 忙于(做)某事
[知识链接] “忙于做某事”的表达法：
be busy doing/with sth. be engaged in doing sth.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Please state your name, address and ________ (occupy) in the box below.
②Can you tell me what the disabled girl ________ (occupy) with now
③Fully ________ (occupy) in looking after three children at home, she no longer has time to enjoy the activities in the club.
完成句子
④It is said that Ms Lin ________________________________ (一直忙于)the translation of a French novel these months.
⑤The seat he usually takes is ________________________________ (被占领) by the librarian who is reading a book too.
11.pace n．进步，速度；步调 vi.缓慢而行；踱步
(教材P15)Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace these days.如今，工作更换、职业更替的速度惊人。
(1)n.速度，进度
keep pace with 与……并驾齐驱，与……步调一致
set the pace 起带头作用
at a(n)...pace 以……的速度
quicken one's pace 加快某人的步伐
She walks so fast that I can't keep pace with her.
她走得很快，我跟不上她的速度。
China continues to set the pace in terms of economic growth.
中国在经济增长方面继续保持领先地位。
The production in the workshop is rising at a steady pace.
这个车间的产量正以稳定的速度增长。
(2)v.踱步；走动
pace about 踱来踱去
pace up and down 走来走去；来回踱步
The consultant paced about constantly.
顾问不停地踱来踱去。
He gets up and begins to pace up and down the room.
他起身并开始在房间里走来走去。
[短语积累]
keep up with the rapid pace of change跟上快速的变化
at a steady pace以稳健的步调
at a slow pace缓慢地
[短语积累]
at your own pace以适合自己的速度
the pace of life生活节奏
the pace of development发展速度
the pace of reform改革的步伐
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Unemployment is still rising, but ________ a slower pace.
②You set ________ pace. I will try to adjust to you.
③He feels he is out of date and can't keep pace ________ the times.
④He found John pacing ________ the house, unable to sleep.
完成句子
⑤China has a chance to once again ________________________ (领先) for the world.
⑥In the debate, I couldn't ____________________________ (跟上节奏) and felt left out.
⑦Worried about the political situation, the politician turned on the light and began to __________________________ (走来走去).
12.security n．保障，保护；保安措施，安全工作 secure adj.安全的；可靠的 insecure adj.不安全的，不可靠的(前缀in-表示否定意义)
(教材P15)Lifetime security from one employer is no longer certain or even likely.从同一个雇主那里获得终身职业已不再可能也不再可行。
(1)security threat 安全威胁
health security system 卫生安全系统
national security 国家安全
airport security 机场的安保措施
in security 安全地，安心地
in security for... 作为……的担保/保证
a feeling/a sense of security 安全感
(2)be secure against sth. 没有……的危险
be secure about... 对……有把握
be secure about the future 不必为将来担忧/对将来感到安全
be/feel secure 安全/感觉安全
(3)make sth. secure 确保……安全
keep sth. secure 保证……安全
You'll often get to stay in a central location with security and comfort.你通常会待在一个安全舒适的中心位置。
...we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.……我们尚需发明一款能防普通人的防火墙，更不用说智能机器了。
[归纳拓展]
a secure site 安全的网站
a secure future 稳定的未来
a secure job 稳定的工作
a secure place 安全的地方
highly secure 极为安全
extremely secure 极其安全
fairly secure 颇为安全
very secure 很安全
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①We should make our documents absolutely ________ (security).
②The house has been made secure ________ intruders (入室盗窃者).
③After the police caught the murderer, the villagers were able to live ________ security once more.
④I should like you to hand me the deeds of the house in security ________ the advance of this ￡200.
⑤This is a ________ (security) hiding place.
13.qualify vi. &vt.(使)有资格，有权利；取得资格，达到标准
(教材P15)You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field.你可能不得不重新回到教室，接受再培训，以便取得在其他领域工作的资格。
qualify for... 合格；有……的资格
qualify sb. for... 使某人有……的资格
qualify as... 取得……资格；作为……合适
If you live in the area, you can qualify for a parking permit.你若在本地区居住，就有权领取停车许可证。
Paying a fee doesn't automatically qualify you for membership.
交纳会费并不能使你自动成为会员。
I hope I can qualify as a chemist and make a major breakthrough in this field.
我希望我能成为一名合格的化学家，并在这一领域取得重大突破。
[词语积累]
qualified adj.合格的；有资格的
be qualified for...有……的资格
be qualified as...适合做……，有担任……的资格
be qualified to do sth.有资格做某事
qualification n．资格，资历
Only you are qualified to make adjustments to our original plan.
只有你有资格对我们原来的计划作调整。
Previous teaching experience is a necessary qualification for this job.以往的教学经验是担任这项工作的必备条件。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Last year, the boy left school without a ________ (qualify).
②It's an old building, but that doesn't qualify it ________ an ancient monument!
③He failed to reach the required standard, and did not qualify ________ the campaign .
④This training course will qualify you ________ a better job.
⑤Much to his disappointment, he has been informed that he is not qualified ________ (participate) in the program.
完成句子
⑥He has been informed that he doesn't __________________________________________ (有……的资格) the scholarship because of his academic background.
⑦Graduating from a key university doesn't ________________________________ (使你有资格) a better job.
14.essential adj.极其重要的；最基本的；必不可少的
(教材P15)．..you will have to develop new essential skills.……你必须培养新的必备技能。
be essential to... 对……是必不可少的；对……是必要的
It is essential for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是必要的
It is essential that sb. (should) do sth. 某人做某事是必要的
There are essential differences between the two scientific studies.这两项科学研究之间有本质的区别。
We can live without clothes, but food and water are essential.
没有衣服我们可以生存，但是食物和水是必不可少的。
It is generally believed that money is not essential to happiness.
大家普遍认为金钱对于幸福并非必不可少。
It is essential for us to keep the stability of the society.
我们必须保持社会的稳定。
It is essential that you should improve yourself to qualify for the occupation.你提高自己以胜任这项工作是必要的。
[学法点拨] 在“It is/was＋adj.＋主语从句．”句式中，当形容词是essential, strange, natural等时，主语从句应使用虚拟语气，即谓语动词应使用“(should＋)动词原形”。
It is strange that the gentleman should be so rude to the lady.很奇怪这位先生对这位女士竟如此无礼。
[词语积累]
essentially adv.必要地，必不可少地；本质上，本来
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The course is ________ (essential) intended for the children aged 6 to 9.
②Effective testing is essential ________ the success of a project.
③It will be essential ________ (make) out the money is being spent.
④It is essential that effective measures ________ (take) to protect our civil rights.
完成句子
⑤The skin is ________________________________ (极其重要的一部分)of one's body.
⑥________________________ (有必要)we speak out loud and clear against such abuses.
⑦Look up only those words which ________________________ (对……是必要的)the meaning.
第二版块：重点短语
1．out of date过时(“out of＋n.”的含义与该名词含义相反)
(教材P15)In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon.事实上，这些技能可能很快就会过时。
These figures are very out of date.这些数字早已过时。
Suddenly she felt old and out of date.
她猛然觉得自己老了，跟不上时代了。
The salesman miss the point. Their products are out of date.销售员没有抓住要点，他们的产品都过时了。
[注意] out of date是副词短语，可作句子的表语、补足语和后置定语，不可作前置定语。作前置定语修饰限制名词时则用out-of-date形式。如：
an out-of-date map已过时的地图
out-of-date technology落伍的技术
[误区警示]
be out of work表示状态可以跟“时间段”连用；
lose one's job表瞬间动作，不可以跟“时间段”连用。
[即学即练] 完成句子
①The dictionary is ____________________________ (过时): many words have been added to the language since it was published.
②Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and __________________________________________ (格格不入).
③By mile 17, I became __________________________________________ (上气不接下气) and the once injured ankle hurt badly.
2.stand out明显；显眼；突出；杰出(＋as/from/among/above/in/against)
(教材P16)You have to stand out in the competitive job market.
你必须在竞争激烈的就业市场上脱颖而出。
She is very beautiful by appearance，which makes her stand out in the crowd.
她的外表很漂亮，这使她在人群中很显眼。
She stands out as the most brilliant student in the class.
她作为全班最有才气的学生而显得突出。
stand for 代表；主张
stand up for 维护，支持
stand on one's own feet 自立；不依靠他人
It's even easier to follow if we know what all of those stand for.如果我们知道所有那些代表的是什么，就更容易理解了。
It is essential that you should learn to stand on your own feet.你学会自力更生是很重要的。
We stand up for the cause of liberty and justice.
我们拥护自由和公正的事业。
[构词知识]
v.＋adv.→adj.(由动词短语转化而来的合成形容词)
stand out突出→outstanding adj.突出的
go out外出→outgoing adj.外向的；离开的
speak out大胆说出→outspoken adj.坦率的
work hard努力工作→hard-working adj.勤劳的；努力工作的
[归纳拓展]
stand by袖手旁观；支持
stand up站立，站起
can't stand无法容忍，难以忍受
stand against倚/靠……站着；反对；在……映衬下
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Each star on the flag of the United States stands ________ a state of the nation.
②The salesman's skill in dealing with his customers makes him stand ________ in the supermarket.
③He made efforts to stand ________ his own feet regardless of the difficulty.
④There were several people standing ________ when the accident happened.
⑤The church tower stood ________ the sky like a finger pointing towards the heavens.
⑥A wide range of people stand up ________ the new traffic regulations.
完成句子
⑦There is no doubt that with the help of the specialist，he ________________________ (突出) from all the other candidates.
⑧The ladder ________________________ (靠在……上) the wall, making it easy for the thief to enter the yard.
⑨You cannot ________________________ (袖手旁观) and allow such a thing.
⑩The boy is not old enough to __________________________ (自立).
3.follow in sb.'s footsteps继承某人的事业；步某人的后尘；仿效某人的样子干
(教材P14)to follow in one's parents' footsteps继承父母的事业
My daughter followed in my footsteps and became a teacher.我女儿接我的班成为了一名教师。
由follow构成的常见短语：
follow after 追求；争取
follow home 穷追；追根刨底；干到家
follow like sheep 盲从，盲目地跟在……后面
follow on ①继续前进，继续干下去；②紧接着……发生，接着……而来；③接着……出场(戏剧用语)
follow the crowd 跟大家一样；随大流
follow the fashion 赶时髦；跟时尚
follow the law 做律师
Some men will follow a leader like sheep and never reason why they do so.
有些人总是盲目地听从领导，从来不问他们为什么这么做。
He is the kind of man who is always following after truth.
他是那种一直在追求真理的人。
[经典例句]
The police followed home the clue and finally caught the criminal.警方根据线索追踪到底，终于抓住罪犯。
She followed on despite every difficulty.尽管困难重重，她仍继续前进。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①My son followed ________ my footsteps and became a doctor.
②John always follows other boys ________ sheep and never asks others to follow him.
③He shows no imagination and seems content ________ (follow) the crowd.
④You'll spend a lot ________ clothes if you always follow the fashion.
⑤If you intend to follow the ________ (lawyer), you must study hard.
第三版块：典型句式
1．感叹句
(教材P14)How times have changed！现在时代变了！
[句式分析] 本句是一个感叹句。感叹句表示说话者的惊异、喜悦、沮丧等情绪。what用来修饰名词，how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。
How intelligent the boys are！孩子们多聪明啊！
What beautiful flowers these are！＝How beautiful these flowers are！这些花多美啊！
What an impressive sculpture it is! Most of the time, his mouth speaks while his eyes are half closed.
它是多么令人印象深刻的雕塑啊！大多数时间，他的嘴说话，而他的眼睛是半闭着的。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①________ a good boy he is!
②How good ________ boy he is!
③________ good the boy is!
④________ good books they are!
⑤________ good these books are!
⑥________ fast they are running！
2.祈使句＋and＋陈述句
(教材P15)Keep doing this, and you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day.持之以恒，这样有一天你才会成为某个行业的专家或专业人士。
[句式分析] 此处为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，相当于“If you keep doing this, you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day.”，即含有if条件句的复合句。
Give me one more hour, and I'll get the work finished.
＝If you give me one more hour, I'll get the work finished.
再给我一个小时，我会把工作做完。
[归纳拓展]
(1)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陈述句，or/otherwise意为“否则，要不然”。
Choose a profession that you like, or/otherwise you won't be happy in the future.
选择一份你喜欢的职业，要不然，你将来会不开心的。
(2)名词短语＋and＋陈述句。
One more step, and he will be hit by the passing car.
再走一步，他就会被路过的汽车撞到。
[误区警示] 比较两种句式的区别：
(1)Turn on the TV or open a magazine, and you will see advertisements showing happy families.
(2)Turning on the TV or opening a magazine, you will see advertisements showing happy families.(现在分词短语作状语)
[教师提醒] 句(2)中和句(1)的句式完全不同：句(1)是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型；而句(2)则是现在分词短语作条件状语，相当于if you turn on the TV, or open a magazine, you will see advertisements showing happy families.
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①Employ an intelligent assistant, and you ________ (lead) a more comfortable life.
②Close the door of fear behind you, ________ you'll see the door of faith open before you.
③Give me one more hour, and I ________ (get) the wires connected.
④Put on your coat, ________ you'll catch a cold.
完成句子
⑤________________________ (把灯打开), and you'll see the words clearly on the ticket.
⑥Attach the stamp to the envelope, ________________________ (否则信是寄不出去的).
同义句转换
⑦If you help others whenever you can, you will make the world a nicer place to live in.
＝________________ whenever you can, ________________________ make the world a nicer place to live in.
3.What if...
(教材P15)What if your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field？假如自己辛辛苦苦工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办？
(1)表示假设，意为“假如……(怎么办)？”“要是……将会怎么样？”。其后句子有时用陈述语气，有时用虚拟语气(用一般过去时或“should＋动词原形”表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反)。
What if he is not willing to help me when I turn to him
如果我向他求助时他不愿意帮助我怎么办？
(2)表示邀请或建议，意为“如果……怎么样？”
What if we invite him to participate in our discussion
如果我们邀请他参加我们的讨论呢？
(3)表示不重要，意为“就算……那又怎样？”，通常与so连用。若句意清楚，so what if...有时可省略成so what。
So what if he gave up the election Who cares
他就算放弃选举了那又怎样？谁在乎？
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①But ________ if somebody determines to break the restrictions
②What ________ the back injury made him disabled
完成句子
③__________________________ (如果……怎么办) the robot breaks down as it is serving hot soup or tea
④____________________ (就算……那又怎样) nobody else agrees with me
⑤—He has announced that they won't team up with us.
—__________________________ (那又怎样呢) We can work it out all by ourselves.
4.It is up to sb. to do sth.
(教材P15)．..it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it.
……只有你才能决定自己能做什么、能做多好。
[句式分析] what和how引导宾语从句。it作形式主语，其后的不定式作真正的主语。
(1)由某人决定去做某事
It is up to the librarian to decide whether you can borrow another book.
你是否可以再借一本书由图书管理员决定。
(2)做某事是某人的义务/职责/责任
It is up to the manager to answer the client's questions.
经理有责任回答客户的问题。
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①It is up to his parents, rather than him, ________ (determine) which school to attend.
②________ is up to her to check if all the work has been completed.
完成句子
③____________________________ (由医生来决定) whether you need to take some medicine.
④______________________ (我们有义务) to help the disabled when they are in trouble.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．For a lower-calorie version of the ________ (食谱), try subbing milk for cream.
2．If you are housebound, you can arrange for a home visit from a ________ (专家) consultant.
3．He gave up his job in management because he couldn't stand the ________ (进度，节奏).
4．The reasons why students acquire lower oral grades are no doubt various and ________ (多的).
5．It is essential that they should carry out ________ (保障，安全) checks at the airport.
6．My ________ (行业，专业) had an important influence on the formation of my character and development trend.
7．These measures raise the ________ (可能性) of sizeable improvement in economic performance over the next few years.
8．More than 4，000 teachers were persuaded to take early ________ (retire).
9．Then we collected all ________ (有关的) bio-technology available in the country.
10．There is a need for more financial resources so that all children may have a ________ (相当好的) education.
Ⅱ.短语填空
have no intention of, out of date, be unlikely to, be replaced by, in short, stand out, be secure about, keep pace with, be occupied with, be relevant to
1．The important thing is that children ________________ being announced to pass the test.
2．I think the topic I work on is very interesting, and it ________________ my management major.
3．________________， a good and harmonious environment at home is essential for a child to grow healthy.
4．The architect often goes shopping to get ideas even though he ________________ buying.
5．In this information age, those who don't know about AI can't ________________ time.
6．Even if they made it, the rest of the institution would ________________ accept it.
7．Those intelligent young men with vivid imaginations tend to ________________ in some creative work.
8．As I grew up I forgot about my friends and ________________ the dreams and prospects for the future.
9．It is logical that most manual labor in the past ________________ modern machines.
10．Their manufacturing methods are hopelessly ________________．
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．It is not my ________ (intend) to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.
2．According to most calculations, race walkers moving ________ a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories (卡路里 ) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking...
3．Favorable policies are in effect to encourage employees' ________ (profession) development.
4．Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans ________ (retire) from her 36-year-old business.
5．Our content is about real-life topics that are ________ (relevance) because we know what matters to you is what sticks best.
6．We are determined that our training should keep pace ________ the current development in education.
7．________ (essential), everyone has two ages: a chronological age, and a biological age.
8．His ________ (prospect) aren't very good for getting a reliable job because he lacks the needed skills.
9．There is a growing trend towards earlier ________ (retire).
10．Their ________ (salary) increase with years of being employed, education or promotion.
Ⅳ.汉译英(用括号内的词语或要求)
1．读了这个故事，你就会意识到聪明和智慧是不可以用钱买到的。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．这位小说家近年来取得了多么了不起的成就啊！(感叹句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．这位建筑师忙于建造购物中心，没有时间回家。(be occupied in)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．他是否应该获奖由你决定。(up to sb.)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．一旦签署了该协议，如果更多的产业为降低生产成本转移到当地会如何？(what if)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part D Lesson 3 Meet the New Boss: You
双基夯实·课前排查
Ⅰ.
1．脚步(声) 2.车间；工厂 3.可能性；希望 4.相当好的，可接受的 5.薪金，工资 6.烹饪法；食谱 7.速度；进度 8.multiple 9.essential 10.security 11.relevant
12．innovator 13.likelihood 14.employer 15.qualify
Ⅱ.
1．professor professional 2.occupation occupant
3．qualification 4.security 5.employment employer employee 6.outsource 7.retrain trainer trainee
8．special specialize 9.retirement retiree 10.innovator innovation
语篇细研·教材精读
Ⅱ.
1．B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.B
Ⅲ.
1．regularly 2.intention 3.planning 4.to help 5.To build
6．smarter 7.and 8.an 9.that 10.to decide
核心突破·要点讲解
第一版块：核心单词
1．①professional ②professionally ③professional
④professional players ⑤by profession
2．①replaced ②as ③by/with ④replaced with/by
⑤be replaced with/by ⑥in place of
3．①avoiding ②to avoid going ③making ④to avoid
⑤to avoid
4．①retired ②from ③retired retirement ④as from
5．①to stay/staying ②to improve ③for ④intending
⑤intended for ⑥intend(ed) to study
6．①to ②to ③to ④relevant ⑤to ⑥are not relevant to/are not of relevance to/are not linked to/are not linked with/are not connected with/are not associated with/are not involved in ⑦are irrelevant to ⑧have nothing to do with
7．①strategy exploring ②decide with ③for ④Strategy training ⑤marketing strategy
8．①In ②in prospect ③The prospect of
9．①pay ②incomes ③wages ④salary
10．①occupation ②is occupied ③occupied ④has been occupied with ⑤under occupation
11．①at ②the ③with ④about ⑤set the pace ⑥keep pace ⑦pace up and down
12．①secure ②against ③in ④for ⑤secure
13．①qualification ②as ③for ④for ⑤to participate
⑥qualify for ⑦qualify you for
14．①essentially ②to ③to make ④(should) be taken ⑤an essential part ⑥It is essential that ⑦are essential to
第二版块：重点短语
1．①out of date ②out of place ③out of breath
2．①for ②out ③on ④by ⑤against ⑥for ⑦stood out ⑧stood against ⑨stand by ⑩stand on his own feet
3．①in ②like ③to follow ④on ⑤law
第三版块：典型句式
1．①What ②a ③How ④What ⑤How ⑥How
2．①will lead ②and ③will get ④or/otherwise
⑤Switch/Turn on the light ⑥or/otherwise the letter won't be sent ⑦Help others and you will
3．①what ②if ③What if ④So what if ⑤So what
4．①to determine ②It ③It is up to the physician to decide ④It is up to us
夯实基础·一遍落实
Ⅰ.
1．recipe 2.specialist 3.pace 4.multiple 5.security
6．profession 7.prospect 8.retirement 9.relevant 10.decent
Ⅱ.
1．are secure about 2.is relevant to 3.In short 4.has no intention of 5.keep pace with 6.be unlikely to 7.stand out
8．was occupied with 9.has been replaced by 10.out of date
Ⅲ.
1．答案与解析：intention one's intention to do sth.某人有意做某事。句意：我无意指出这本集子中每一部剧作的中心思想，因为那样的话，确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考这些剧作的乐趣及剧作家的效率。
2．答案与解析：at at a pace of以……的速度。句意：根据大多数的计算，竞走者以每小时六英里的速度运动每小时会燃烧大约800卡路里，这大约是他们走路燃烧的卡路里的两倍……
3．答案与解析：professional 修饰名词用形容词。句意：有利的政策在鼓励员工的职业发展方面是有效的。
4．答案与解析：to retire have no plans to do sth.“没有做某事的计划”。句意：自豪的艾琳在领取“终身成就奖”时宣布，她没有打算从从事了36年的事业中退休。
5．答案与解析：relevant 此处用形容词作表语。句意：我们的内容是与现实生活相关的话题，因为我们知道对你来说最重要的是什么。
6．答案与解析：with keep pace with与……保持同步。句意：我们决心使我们的培训跟上当前教育的发展。
7．答案与解析：Essentially 副词essentially作状语，修饰整个句子。句意：基本上，每个人都有两个年龄：实际年龄和生物年龄。
8．prospects 9.retirement 10.salaries
Ⅳ.
1．Read this story, and you will realize that intelligence and wisdom can not be bought with money.
2．What amazing achievements the novelist has made in recent years!
3．The architect is occupied in building the shopping mall and has no time to go home.
4．It's up to you to decide whether he deserves the awards.
5．What if more industries relocate to local for lower production costs once the pact is signed Part E Grammar——过去分词和表达否定意义的词或词组
【语法脉络】
【语法规律】
阅读下列句子，体会过去分词作宾语补足语和状语的用法
①I heard the song sung before.
②He opened the office and found much of his work finished.
③Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.
④United, we stand; divided, we fall.
⑤Greatly frightened, the man ran into a back room.
[自主发现]
1．句①②中，过去分词作______________，________与过去分词之间为被动关系；
2．句③④⑤中，过去分词作__________，与句子的________为被动关系。
【语法精讲】
语法Ⅰ过去分词(短语)作宾补和状语
一、过去分词作宾语补足语
1．作宾语补足语的过去分词和宾语之间的关系
及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语通常为被动关系；少数不及物动词(如fall，go，change等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时仅表示动作的完成；seat，hide，dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语时一般表示宾语的状态，不表示被动或完成。
I had my watch repaired.我让人修理了我的手表。
When she woke up, she found the world changed.
她醒来后，发现世界变了个样儿。
When I came in, I found the boy hidden behind the door.我进来时发现这个男孩藏在门后面。
即学即练1 选择下列句中加黑部分之间的关系
A．表示被动关系 B．表示动作完成
C．表示宾语状态
①She found the necklace gone on her way home.________________
②I found a girl seated in the corner, crying.________________
③I had the letter posted.________________
2．过去分词作宾语补足语的五种情况
(1)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等后面，构成“keep/leave＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。
Addicted to computer games, he left much homework unfinished.
他沉迷于电脑游戏，很多作业没有做完。
(2)用在表示“致使”意义的动词后面，构成“have/get/make＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。
They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.
他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色。(表示“让某事被别人做”。)
He is trying to make himself understood.
他在努力把自己的意思说清楚。
(3)用在感官动词或表示心理状态的动词后面。如：see, watch, observe, find, hear, feel, notice等，构成“see/watch...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。
She felt a great weight taken off her mind.
她觉得心里轻松多了。
The next morning people found the outside world completely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现外面的世界全变了。
(4)用在表示爱憎、意愿等动词后面，如like，hate，want，wish等，构成“like/hate...＋n./pron.＋过去分词”形式。
I wish the problem settled at the meeting.
我希望这个问题在会议上被解决。
(5)用在“with＋宾语十宾补”结构中，宾语与过去分词在逻辑上存在被动关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
With many brightly colored flowers planted around it, her house looks like a beautiful garden.
由于周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花，她的房子看上去就像一个漂亮的花园。
3．动词-ed形式和动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的区别
语法 逻辑关系 常用动词
动词-ed形式 动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系 可接动词-ed形式作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen to, feel)，使役动词(have, make, get), find, leave, keep等。
动词-ing形式 动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系 可接动词-ing形式作宾补的常见动词：感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen to, feel)，使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。
Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help
听！你听到有人正在呼喊救命吗？
Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period.
珍妮希望史密斯先生建议一个好的方法以使她的英语写作在短期内得到提升。
We must get the work finished on time.
我们必须按时把这活儿干完。
即学即练2 用所给词的适当形式填空
①Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ (take) good care of at home.
②Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________ (wash).
③Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues ________ (amuse) with her stories.
④With the problem ________ (solve), the quality has been improved.
⑤The boss wouldn't like the topic ________ (discuss) at the meeting.
⑥He walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself ________ (notice).
选词填空
⑦You begin to understand how Chinese speakers have their thoughts ________， and how they understand things. (organizing/organized)
⑧To his surprise, Jack found his son ________ as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.(dressed/dressing)
⑨Another student, a 15-year-old girl from Guangdong, was afraid of exams. She would get very upset with the exam paper ________ in front of her.(lied/lying)
⑩He was disappointed to find his suggestions ________ down.(turned/turning)
二、过去分词作状语
1．过去分词作状语的功能和位置
(1)过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语常常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，即过去分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成动宾关系。
(2)过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放于句首；作伴随状语时，通常放于句末；作方式状语时，一般放于句末，有时也放于句首；作让步状语时，一般放于句首，有时也可放于句末。
Built many centuries ago, the temple looks rather bad.寺庙建于几个世纪之前，看起来很糟糕。
Discussed many times, the problem was settled.
经过多次讨论后，这个问题终于得到解决。
He rushed in, followed by his classmates.
他闯了进来，后面跟着他的同学们。
[名师点津] 过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致时，需要加上自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。
He was listening attentively, his eyes fixed on the blackboard.他专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。
即学即练3 用所给词的适当形式填空
①________ (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
②Children, when ________ (accompany) by their parents，are allowed to enter the stadium.
③________ (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④________ (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
2．过去分词作状语的种类
(1)表示时间；相当于when，while等引导的时间状语从句。
Asked what had happened(＝When he was asked what had happened), he lowered his head.
当被问到发生了什么事情的时候，他低下了头。
(2)表示原因；相当于because，since，as等引导的原因状语从句。
Absorbed in painting (＝As he was absorbed in painting), John didn't notice evening approaching.
由于在全神贯注地画画，约翰没有察觉到夜幕降临了。
(3)表示条件；相当于if引导的条件状语从句。
Given another hour (＝If I am given another hour), I can also work out this problem.
如果再给我一个小时，我也能把这道题算出来。
(4)表示让步；相当于although，though，even if，even though等引导的让步状语从句。
Beaten by the opposite team (＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team), we didn't lose heart and encouraged each other.
虽然被对方的队打败了，但我们并没有灰心并且相互鼓励。
(5)表示方式或伴随。
The woman scientist entered the lab, followed by her assistants.
这位女科学家进入了实验室，后面跟着她的助手。
[名师点津] 过去分词作状语时，可转换为状语从句或并列句。
Given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
→When you are given a medical examination, you should keep calm.体检时你要保持镇静。
He stood there, dumbfounded.
→He stood there and was dumbfounded.
他伫立在那里，目瞪口呆。
3．过去分词和现在分词作状语时的区别
语法 逻辑关系 时间概念
过去分词作状语 句子主语与分词表示的动作之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。 发生于谓语动词所表示的动作之前或表示一种状态，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或存在。
现在分词作状语 句子主语与分词表示的动作之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。 一般式(doing)所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生；完成式(having done)所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
Seen at a distance, the painting seems much more beautiful.
从远处看，这幅画似乎要漂亮得多。(see与句子的主语是逻辑上的动宾关系)
Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help.
由于不知道如何解这道物理难题，他向老师求助。(know与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系)
即学即练4 单句语法填空
①When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, ________ (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
②—Where is Jimmy
—Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, ________ (absorb) in his video games.
同义句转换
③When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→__________________________________， the town looks more beautiful.
④Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→________________________________， the children began to cry.
⑤If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→____________________， we could do it much better.
⑥The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→The president of the company came to the factory, _______________________________.
语法Ⅱ表达否定意义的词或词组
除了常见的not、no表达否定含义外，还有很多词或词组也有否定含义。这些词和词组常用在某些特定句式中。
1．表示完全否定的词或词组
英语中的完全否定可以用not，no，never，none，nobody, nothing，neither...nor，nowhere等表示。
Nothing is difficult for him.
对他来说没有什么困难的事。
Mary never has beef.玛丽从来不吃牛肉。
Neither answer is correct.两种答案都不对。
2．表示部分否定的词或词组
表示“全体”意义的代词、形容词或副词，如：all，both，altogether, always, completely, every day, everyone，everything, everywhere, every，everybody, many, often等与not搭配时，通常表示部分否定，意思是“并非都是”“不完全是”“不是每个都”等。
Not everyone was amused by these jokes.
并不是每个人都觉得这些玩笑有趣。
Food likes and dislikes do not always seem related to nutrition.
对食物的好恶似乎并不总与营养有关。
[比较]
Nothing makes him happy.
没有哪一件事情让他开心。(全部否定)
Not everything makes him happy.
并不是每一件事都让他开心。(部分否定)
None of the students went to visit the science museum last week.上周没有一个学生去参观科学博物馆。(全部否定)
Not all of the students went to visit the science museum last week.
上周并不是所有的学生都去参观了科学博物馆。(部分否定)
3．表示半否定的词或词组
一些半否定词表否定之意。它们不可再与否定词连用，它们与谓语肯定式连用，构成“几乎”否定句。如：hardly、scarcely、seldom、little、few等词。
I could hardly hear what he said.
我几乎没听见他说了什么。
There is little water in the bottle, is there
瓶子里几乎没有水，不是吗？
4．双重否定的词或词组
双重否定句由“not＋具有否定意义的词”构成，形成“否定＋否定＝肯定”的语言效果。双重否定可以表示强调，也可以表示委婉的含义。
Her name can't escape me forever.
我永远忘不了她的名字。
The songs never fail to make the children smile.
这些歌曲一向都能使孩子们微笑。
5．表示否定转移的词或词组
否定转移，即句中的否定虽然出现在谓语部分，否定范围却不在主句谓语动词本身，而转移到了句子中的宾语、状语或其他成分上。这种形式比较常见的有以下两种情况：
(1)否定转移多用于表思维活动
如：believe(相信)、suppose(认为)、consider(认为)、expect(期望)、hope(希望)、imagine(想象)、think(认为)等。
I don't think John will come.我认为约翰不会来。(当然也可以说I think John won't come.下同)
I don't suppose they will object to my suggestion.
我想他们不会反对我的建议的。
We do not consider that neutrons have charges.
我们认为中子不带电。
I don't believe the paper is written by him.
我以为这篇论文不是他写的。
I don't expect that you're right.我认为你不对。
He didn't imagine that she would go abroad.
他料想她不会出国了。
I don't think he will pass the exam.
我认为他考试会不及格。
(2)主句的谓语动词是表感觉的系动词，通常也用于否定转移句
这类动词有：seem(好像)、feel(感觉)、appear(出现)、look like(看起来像)等，也出现在it seems、it appears、it looks as if、it feels as if、it sounds as if等后面的句子中。
It doesn't look like it's going to rain.
好像不会下雨。
No matter how hard he studies, he never seems to be able to pass the exam.
不管他学习多么努力，他似乎永远也考不及格。
⑩It does not seem that we can get there before dark.看来天黑前我们到不了那里了。
It does not look as if he was poisoned.
看起来他不像是中毒。
6．运用某些结构表达否定意义
(1)too...to...太……而不能……
He is too tired to walk.他太累了，走不动了。
(2)more A than B(与其B不如A)或more than＋含有can的从句
The young man is more brave than wise.
这个年轻人有勇无谋。
The gratitude for your help is more than I can express.
对于你给我的帮助的感激之情我无法言表。
(3)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿(喜欢)……而不愿做……
He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate them.
他喜欢自己写信而不愿口述它们。
语法Ⅰ：专练
Ⅰ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Technological innovations, ________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
2．I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs ________ (take).
3．________ (move) by Shagen's good nature, Wang Li and Wang Bo try their best to protect him when Uncle Li tries to steal money from Shagen.
4．Did he have his wallet ________ (steal) last Friday
5．When I got to the supermarket, I found it ________ (close).
6．________ (catch) in a heavy rain，he was all wet.
7．We can see steam ________ (rise) from the wet clothes.
8．The strange noise made all of us ________ (frighten).
9．They listened to the old man ________ (tell) his story from beginning to end.
10．He watched the bed ________ (carry) out of the room.
11．________ (fright) by the noise in the night, the girl didn't dare to sleep in her room.
12．________ (behave) yourself, you will get a nice award.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．Steve arrived and sat in the front row, ________ (surround) by his family.
2．________ (arm) with this knowledge, they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.
3．Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year, when ________ (call) upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
4．________ (study) volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.
5．When ________ (ask) to choose his “buddies”， Simon picked out a panda and soon after was sleeping through the night.
6．He stood by the piano, eyes ________ (close), listening for the first time to his own work being played by someone else.
7．________ (fill) with curiosity, the artist packed his bags and left.
8．A few years later, still ________ (attract) to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
9．________ (terrify), Elli and I tried all the bear defense actions we knew.
10．The first, which I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingway's AMoveableFeast ________ (publish) in 1964, it's his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.
11．In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, ________ (lead) to a belief that populations are increasing.
12. ...your body will learn to breathe more deeply, ________ (allow) even more oxygen to get to your muscles (肌肉) and your brain.
13．Instead, one activist, ________ (dress) in a full-body monkey suit, had arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)！”
14．________ (beat) first by the march of technology and lately by the terrible weather in junkyards (废品场 ), the phone boxes representative of an age are now making something of a comeback.
15．________ (adapt) in imaginative ways, many have reappeared on city streets...
语法Ⅱ：专练
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．They couldn't give me any ________ (much) guarantee, for they were not sure about it themselves.
2．Food prices are no ________ (long) inflating at the same pace.
3．It is logically possible for him to overrule their decision, but highly ________ (likely).
4．These developments in bio-technology were ________ (hard) imaginable 30 years ago.
5．Our head teacher has no intention ________ retirement this year.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．然而，他的观点似乎与我们讨论的要点不太相关。
However, his views ________________________ relevant to the main points we discussed.
2．起初，游客对有趣的城市和地标不感兴趣。
At first, the tourists ________________________ interesting cities and landmarks.
3．彼得声明他无意在任何一所大学里浪费他的时间。
Peter announced that he __________________________ wasting his time at any university.
4．这项涉及多人的任务不大可能在一年之内完成。
The multiple task ________________________ within a year.
5．很快，钱被用完了，他们再也负担不起这些相关课程了。
Soon, the money ran out and they ________________ the relevant lessons ________________．
Part E Grammar——过去分词和表达否定意义的词或词组
语法规律
1．宾语补足语 宾语
2．状语 主语
语法精讲
即学即练1 ①B ②C ③A
即学即练2 ①taken ②washed ③amused ④solved
⑤discussed ⑥noticed ⑦organized ⑧dressed
⑨lying ⑩turned
即学即练3 ①Raised ②accompanied ③Founded
④Translated
即学即练4 ①telling ②absorbed ③Seen from the top of the hill ④Deeply moved by the film ⑤Given more time ⑥followed by some workers
夯实基础·一遍落实
语法Ⅰ：专练
Ⅰ.
1．combined 2.taken 3.Moved 4.stolen 5.closed
6．Caught 7.rising 8.frightened 9.telling 10.carried 11.Frightened 12.Behaving
Ⅱ.
1．答案与解析：surrounded 主语Steve与surround之间为被动关系，用过去分词短语作状语。句意：史蒂夫来了，坐在前排，周围都是他的家人。
2．答案与解析：Armed (be) armed with...装备有……。主语they与arm之间为被动关系，用过去分词短语作状语。句意：有了这方面的知识，他们就能够开展针对个人的活动来欺骗人们。
3．答案与解析：called 主语Chris与call之间为被动关系，用过去分词短语作状语。句意：韦利回忆起当年年初，当克里斯被叫去读书时，他是如何给自己找借口去洗手间的。
4．答案与解析：Having studied 主语I与study之间为主动关系，study发生的时间要早于句子谓语动词所表示的动作，用having done强调状语中动作先于句子谓语动词发生。句意：在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。
5．答案与解析：asked 主语Simon与ask之间为被动关系，用过去分词短语作状语。句意：当被要求选择他的“伙伴”时，西蒙选了一只熊猫，很快就(和熊猫)睡了一个晚上。
6．答案与解析：closed eyes是close的逻辑主语，此处为独立主格结构。eyes与close之间为被动关系，用过去分词。句意：他站在钢琴旁，闭着眼睛，第一次听别人演奏自己的作品。
7．答案与解析：Filled (be) filled with充满……的，此处用过去分词短语作状语。句意：艺术家满怀着好奇收拾行囊离开了。
8．答案与解析：attracted 主语he与attract之间为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句意：几年后，由于仍然喜爱这个国家，他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。
9．答案与解析：Terrified 表示主语的心理状态，用过去分词作状语。句意：害怕极了，我和埃利尝试了所有我们知道的防熊措施。
10．答案与解析：published it与publish之间为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。句意：第一本我每年春天都会读的书，是欧内斯特·海明威的《流动的盛宴》。这本书出版于1964年，是他关于20世纪20年代巴黎的经典回忆录。
11．答案与解析：leading 现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。句意：近年来，在Nunavut的因纽特人报告说，在人类居住区周围看到熊的数量有所增加，这就导致人们相信，熊的数量正在增加。
12．答案与解析：allowing 非谓语动词的逻辑主语your body与allow之间是主动关系，用v.-ing形式作状语，表示自然而然的结果。句意：……你的身体将学会更深地呼吸，让甚至更多的氧气进入你的肌肉与大脑。
13．答案与解析：dressed (be) dressed in穿着，用过去分词作定语。句意：相反，一个全身穿着猴子制服的活动家，带着一块赞扬制片人的牌子来了，上面写道：“谢谢不使用真正的猿！”
14．答案与解析：Beaten 主语the phone boxes与beat之间为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句意：先是被科技进步打败，后来又被废品场里糟糕的天气打败，代表一个时代的电话亭现在正卷土重来。
15．答案与解析：Adapted 主语many与adapt之间为被动关系，用过去分词作状语。句意：许多(电话亭)以富有想象力的方式被改造，重新出现在城市街道上……
语法Ⅱ：专练
Ⅰ.
1．more 2.longer 3.unlikely 4.hardly 5.of
Ⅱ.
1．seemed scarcely 2.were not fascinated by/with 3.had no intention of 4.is unlikely to be finished 5.couldn't afford any more
