中考英语语法复习课件形容词副词(共32张PPT)

(共32张PPT)
形容词、副词
讲解与练习
中考复习
形容词、副词
adjective、adverb
形容词和副词的基本形式
一
1．形容词用来描写或修饰名词和部分代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。它在句子中主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
2．副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。在句子中多作状语，也可作表语、定语和宾语补足语。
句法功能
1．形容词位置
位置
2．副词位置
1．形容词的原级用法
肯定句：A＋be动词＋as＋adj.＋as＋B. A和B一样……
否定句：A＋be动词＋not＋as/so＋adj.＋as＋B. A不如B……
Sally is as old as my sister.
Sally is not as/so old as my sister.
形容词和副词的原级用法
【易错提醒】
(1)若句中有形容词作定语修饰名词，应将该名词及有关修饰语放在第一个as/so之后。
Bob is as good a player as his brother.
鲍勃像他哥哥一样是名优秀的运动员。
(2)very, too, so, quite等程度副词只修饰原级，不能修饰形容词比较级。
2．副词的原级用法
肯定句：A＋动词＋as＋adv.＋as＋B. A和B一样……
否定句：A＋don't/doesn't＋动词原形＋as/so＋adv.＋as＋B. A不如B……
My brother walks as fast as my father.
我哥哥和我爸爸走得一样快。
My brother doesn't walk as/so fast as my father.
我哥哥不如我爸爸走得快。
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
1．形容词比较级和最高级变化规则
(1)规则变化
变化规则
规则 示例
一般情况下，单音节形容词和部分双音节形容词直接加－er或－est slow→slower→slowest
tall→taller→tallest
以字母e结尾的形容词直接在其词尾加－r或－st safe→safer→safest
large→larger→largest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节形容词，双写该辅音字母，再加－er或－est big→bigger→biggest
hot→hotter→hottest
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，变y为i，再加－er或－est easy→easier→easiest
其他双音节词和多音节词，在原级前加more或most beautiful→
more beautiful→
most beautiful
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good好的/ well健康；身体好 better best
bad邪恶的；坏的/ ill有病的；不舒服的 worse worst
little少的 less least
much/many多的 more most
far远的 farther指距离 farthest指距离
further指距离和程度 furthest指距离和程度
old老的；年纪大的 older指年龄、新旧和血缘 oldest指年龄、新旧和血缘
elder指血缘 eldest指血缘
原形 比较级 最高级
warm
strong
weak
high
smart
rich
old
原形 比较级 最高级
tall
small
short
long
clean
young
cold
heavy
hungry
pretty
lucky
thirsty
ugly
原形 比较级 最高级
cute
nice
large
busy
dirty
early
happy
popular
beautiful
careful
careless
commfortable
expensive
原形 比较级 最高级
big
hot
red
fat
thin
sad
mad
valuable
powerful
good
bad
little
many\much
原形 比较级 最高级
interesting
handsome
exciting
attractive
nervous
famous
clever
2.副词比较级和最高级变化规则
副词比较级和最高级的变化规则与形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则一样。其不规则变化如下：
原级 比较级 最高级
well好 better best
badly不好地 worse worst
little少许 less least
much非常 more most
far远 farther指距离 farthest指距离
further指距离和程度 furthest指距离和程度
1．形容词比较级用法
(1)“A＋形容词比较级＋than＋B”结构，意为“A比B……”。
Our school is larger than theirs.
我们的学校比他们的大。
(2)Which/Who is＋形容词比较级， A or B
Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth？
月球和地球哪个离太阳更近？
(3)“形容词比较级＋and＋形容词比较级”表示“越来越……”。
This song is more and more popular.
这首歌越来越受欢迎了。
用法
(4)“the＋形容词比较级， the＋形容词比较级”表示“越……就越……”。
The more difficult the questions are, the less likely he is able to answer them. 问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
(5)“less＋原级＋than”表示“不如……”，注意本结构不用于单音节形容词。
The book is less interesting than that one.
这本书不如那本书有趣。
(6)“倍数＋比较级＋than”表示“……的几倍”。
The box is three times bigger than that one.
这个箱子比那个大三倍。
【易错提醒】
形容词比较级的常见标志词有
than, A or B, of the two。
a little/ a bit/ a lot/ much/ far/ even
等可修饰形容词的比较级。
2．形容词最高级用法
(1)三者或三者以上用最高级，常见标志词有of all/of the three, in his class/in the world, among, A、B、C(3个对比物)等。
Jane has the longest hair in her class.
简的头发在她班里最长。
(2)“one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”表示“最……的之一”。
Shanghai is one of the most famous cities in China.
上海是中国最著名的城市之一。
(3)“序数词＋形容词最高级”表示“第几最……”。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄河是中国第二长河。
(4)“主语＋be＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词＋I've ever watched/seen/met/...”结构。
You are the most beautiful girl I've ever met.
你是我见过的最美的女孩。
3．副词比较级用法
(1)两者或两部分之间的比较。
两者或两部分相比(A>B或AShe reads faster than me/I. 她读得比我快。
(2)强调比较级的比较程度时，
用“much/even/a lot/a little/a bit等＋副词比较级＋than”结构。
You can do even better than I if you try your best.
如果你尽力，你会比我做得更好。
(3)“副词比较级＋and＋副词比较级”表示“越来越……”。
The birds fly higher and higher.
鸟儿们越飞越高。
(4)“the＋副词比较级，the＋副词比较级”表示“越……，越……”。
The harder you study, the faster you will make progress.
你越努力学习，你就进步得越快。
(5)“Which/Who＋动词＋副词比较级， A or B？”表示“A或B哪个更……些？”。
Who gets up earlier, your mother or your father？
你母亲和你父亲谁起得更早一些？
4．副词最高级用法
(1)最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，副词最高级前的定冠词the可以省略，后面可以带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。
句型为“A＋动词(＋the)＋副词最高级＋of/in...”。
She runs fastest of the three.她是三个人中跑得最快的。
(2)“Which/Who＋动词(＋the)＋副词最高级， A, B or C？”表示“三个人或事物中哪一个最……？”。
Which runs fastest, a car, a train or a plane？
小汽车、火车和飞机，哪一个最快？
练一练
写出下列形容词或者副词的比较级。outgoing_________ thin__________quiet____________ quietly_______heavy______ loudly_________loud_____ good____ funny_______friendly______ smart__________ lazy_____fast______ high_____ hard_____ early_____popular________ shy_______ bad______hard-working_________ far_____ big______
more loudly
shyer\shier
more quietly
funnier
lazier
earlier
一、单词拼写与运用
1．Shenzhou-16 was sent into space in May. We are so p________ of China's progress.
2．—Dad, could I go swimming if I'm f________ tomorrow
—OK. Be careful! Safety must come first.
3．Some desert plants grow d________ into the earth to get water.
4．As far as we know, the Sahara is the b________ desert in the world.
5．—How o________ do you watch TV
—Twice a week.
6．My mother always gets up e________ to cook breakfast for me.
7．There is no other food that is as s________ as nang in Xinjiang.
8．Local plants and animals are well protected in ________(国家) parks.
2024
9．China ________(成功地) held the 24th Winter Olympic Games.
10．When Shenzhou-16 landed ________(安全地) on the earth, all Chinese were cheerful.
11．From my childhood, I ________(clear) remember my parents working hard day and night.
12．—As I know, your friend Jeff is very humorous.
—Yes. He is ________(serious) person I know.
13．Mind health is as ________(important) as body health.
14．—Is Julie as tall as you
—No, she isn't. She's ________(tall) than me.
15．Sam did ________(well) in his studies this year than last year.
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的形容词、副词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Two teachers were sitting in the teachers' room. For a long time they stayed 1.__________(silence). Then one of them, Miss Smith, said, “I'm 2.__________ I'd have to fail him！”
“Now Alice，” said her friend, Mrs. Jackson, “is he so 3.____________(terribly) a student？”
“That's just the trouble！” the other woman answered. “Tom was ever my 4.________(good) student. The problem is that he is so lazy that he never gets his work done. He hasn't handed me a piece of homework for three weeks.”
Mrs. Jackson had never seen Miss Smith look so 5.___________(worry) before. “Have you had a word with him about it？” she asked.
“Why should I He knows he has to get ready for his lessons and do his homework. I made that very 6._________(clearly) on the first day for class. I don't know what has happened. When the lessons started, he did so 7.________(good) that I even thought about asking the school to give him a scholarship(奖学金). But he has changed. He even falls 8.__________(sleep) in class! I've never seen such a change in a student.”
“You should have a talk with him. Give him a chance to tell his idea，” said Mrs. Jackson.
Miss Smith spoke to Tom and learned all about it. He was studying all day and working most of the night in a factory to pay for his schooling. Of course he was 9._________ and sometimes could hardly keep awake in class. Miss Smith soon made the school give a scholarship and he was able to work hard at his lessons. Tom is even 10.______________________(hard－working) than before.
一、1.proud　2.free　3.deep　4.biggest　5.often
6．early　7.special　8.national　9.successfully
10．safely　11.clearly　12.the least serious
13．important　14.taller　15.better
二、1.silent　2.afraid　3.terrible　4.best　5.worried
6．clear　7.well　8.asleep　9.tired
10．more hard－working
2024
thank you