(共44张PPT)
Reading and Thinking
Part 1
Part 2
Part 1
Task 1文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What's the passage mainly about
A．How to make a robot.
B．How a robot helps people.
C．What a robot can do.
D．A test on a household robot.
答案：D
2．Match the main idea of each part.
Part 1(Paras.1～3) ________
Part 2(Paras.4～8) ________
Part 3(Para.9) ________
A．The night before Tony left.
B．Claire's attitude to a robot at home and how she felt when she first knew Tony.
C．What Tony did to help Claire.
B
C
A
Task 2文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 2～3 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What does Larry Belmont think of testing out the robot in his house
A．It is an extra benefit.
B．It is his responsibility.
C．It helps improve his house.
D．It can make Claire happy.
答案：A
2．How did Claire feel when Tony offered to help her get dressed
A．Proud. B.Happy.
C．Guilty. D.Embarrassed.
3．Why does Tony work on the house improvement
A．Because Claire wants to hold a party in her house.
B．Because Claire plans to give Larry a surprise.
C．Because Claire doesn't think it good enough for Larry.
D．Because Claire intends to make the best of Tony.
答案：D
答案：C
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Tony falls in love with Claire.
B．Tony will have a rest that night.
C．Tony will stay with Claire forever.
D．Tony, the robot needs to be improved.
答案：A
Task 3文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the appearance.(细读短文并找出外貌描写的句子)
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe feelings or psychology.(细读短文并找出感情或心理描写的句子)
答案： (1) He seemed more like a human than a machine.
(2) He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice，although his facial expression never changed.
答案：(1) Claire didn't want the robot in her house，especially as her husband would be
away on a business trip...
(2) Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot...
(3) How awful to be discovered by her，Claire thought.
3．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe movements. (细读短文并找出动作描写的句子)
答案：(1) She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page.
(2) As he held her，she felt the warmth of his body.She screamed，pushed him away，and ran to her room.
(3) Tony took her in his arms，bringing his face close to hers.
Task 4阅读思维升华：主题实践
1.Do you think it is possible for a person to love a robot？Why？(Critical Thinking批判性思维)
2．What relationship do you think will develop between humans and robots in the future (Creative Thinking创造性思维)
答案：No, I don't think that a person would love a robot. Because a robot is just a machine that has no emotions and facial expressions.
答案：Robots will become the right hand man of humans and can do almost everything under the command of humans.
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[原文呈现]
SATISFACTION① GUARANTEED (Adapted)
Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots．【1】Recently it had begun experimenting with a household②robot. It was going to be tested out③by Larry's wife, Claire.
【1】that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a company。
Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip④ for three weeks, 【2】 but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed. It would be a bonus⑤. However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed⑥. His name was Tony. He seemed more like a human than a machine．【3】He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice，although his facial expression never changed.
【2】as her husband would be away ...是as引导的时间状语从句。
【3】more...than...与其说……倒不如说……
On the second morning，Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing. She felt embarrassed⑦and quickly told him to go. Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, 【4】and it was disturbing⑧.
【4】that looked so human是that引导的定语从句。
One day, Claire mentioned that she didn't think she was clever. Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. Claire thought it was ridiculous⑨that she was being offered sympathy⑩ by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. He always treated her with dignity. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn't elegant enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary． 【5】 She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around.
【5】who wanted to improve his social position是who引导的定语从句，修饰Larry。
As a favour ，Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant. So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather , scan . She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page.【6】How absurd , she thought. He was just a machine.
【6】as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。
Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle and improved her makeup . As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops，he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house. Claire wentdowntown and bought these things. She had an appointment to paint her nails，then she went into an expensive clothes shop. The saleswoman there was rude to her，so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. He spoke to the woman，who immediately changed her attitude. Claire thanked Tony，telling him that he was a “dear”．【7】 As she turned around ，there stood Gladys Claffern．【8】How awful to be discovered by her，Claire thought. By the look on her face，Claire knew that Gladys thought they were in a relationship . After all，she knew Claire's husband's name was Larry，not Tony. Although it was completely innocent ，Claire felt guilty.
【7】现在分词短语telling him that ...作状语，表示补充说明。
【8】there stood Gladys Claffern是完全倒装句。
When Claire got home，she wept. Gladys was everything Claire wished to be．【9】Tony told her she was being sensitive and was just as good as Gladys. 【10】 He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return． 【11】 By that time，Tony expected that the house，which was being completely transformed ，would be ready.
【9】Claire wished to be是省略了关系代词that的定语从句。
【10】“be+being+形容词”常用来表达被陈述对象行为反常(暂时的特点或表现)以及说话人的惊讶、不满、责备等情绪。
【11】句中that引导宾语从句，作suggested的宾语，从句用虚拟语气。
Tony worked steadily on the improvements. Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, 【12】but she fell off the ladder. Even though Tony had been in the next room，he managed to catch her in time.【13】As he held her，she felt the warmth of his body. 【14】 She screamed，pushed him away，and ran to her room.
【12】句中suspended from the ceiling是过去分词短语作后置定语。
【13】句中even though引导让步状语从句。
【14】句中as引导时间状语从句。
The night of the party arrived.The clock struck eight.The guests would be arriving soon，so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.At that moment，Tony took her in his arms，bringing his face close to hers． 【15】She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day，and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. Then the front door bell rang.
【15】句中bringing his face close to hers是现在分词短语作伴随状语。
[读文清障]
①satisfaction
[ s t s'f k n] n.满意；满足；令人满意的事物
②household ['ha sh ld] adj.家庭的；家用的 n.一家人；家庭
③test out检验；测试
④on a business trip出差
⑤bonus ['b n s] n.意外收获；奖金；红利
⑥alarmed [ 'lɑ md] adj.担心的；害怕的
alarm [ 'lɑ m] vt.使警觉；使惊恐；惊动 n．警报；惊恐
⑦embarrassed [ m'b r st] adj.难堪的；尴尬的
⑧disturbing [d 'st b ] adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的
⑨ridiculous[r 'd kj l s] adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
⑩sympathy ['s mp θ ] n.同情(心)
integrity [ n'teɡr ti] n. 诚实正直；完整；完好
elegant ['el ɡ nt] adj.优雅的；高雅的；讲究的
favour ['fe v ] n.喜爱；恩惠 vt.喜爱；偏袒
or rather更确切地说
scan [sk n] vt.细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；浏览；扫描
with wonder惊奇地
absurd [ b's d] adj.荒谬的；荒唐的
hairstyle ['he sta l] n.发型
makeup ['me k p] n.化妆品
accompany [ 'k mp ni] vt.陪伴；伴奏
appointment [ 'p ntm nt] n．预约；约会；委任
be rude to对……粗暴
turn around转身；翻转
awful [' fl] adj.极坏的；极讨厌的；可怕的；(口语)糟透的
in a relationship恋爱中
innocent [' n snt] adj.无辜的
sensitive ['sens t v] adj.敏感的
transform[tr ns'f m] vt.转变；改变
steadily ['sted li] adv. 稳定地
manage to do sth. 设法做成某事
dismiss [d s'm s] vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
declare [d 'kle (r)] vt.表明；宣称；公布
more than不仅仅是，远非
[参考译文]
包你满意(改编)
拉里·贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司工作。最近，该公司要对一个家用机器人进行试验。这个机器人将由拉里的妻子克莱尔测试。
克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是当她丈夫将要出差三周的时候，但是拉里说服了她，他说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。这会是个意外的收获。然而，她初次见到机器人的时候就感到有点儿担心。机器人名叫托尼。他看起来更像一个人，而不是一台机器。他虽然面部表情毫无变化，但是个子高大，相貌英俊，头发平整，声音低沉浑厚。
第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。她感到有点儿尴尬，很快就打发他走了。现在她正在被一个如此通人性的机器人照顾，这让人很不安。
有一天，克莱尔说起，她觉得她自己不聪明。托尼则说，她一定是很不高兴，才会说出这样的话来。克莱尔认为她被机器人同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐钦佩他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他。他对待她总是很敬重。她告诉他，她很不高兴，因为她的家对拉里来说不够优雅，拉里想通过更高的薪水来提高自己的社会地位。她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是远近闻名的最有钱有势的女人之一。
托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。于是克莱尔从图书馆借来一些书给托尼阅读，更确切地说给他浏览一下。她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页。她在想，这是多么荒唐啊，他只不过是一台机器呀。
托尼给克莱尔换了新发型，还改进了她的妆容。由于他不被允许陪她去商店，他就列了一张物品清单，上面写了他装修房子所需要的东西。克莱尔去市区买了这些东西。她还预约了做美甲，然后走进了一家高档服装店。那里的女售货员对她很粗鲁，所以她打电话给托尼，告诉他自己受到了恶劣对待。他跟那个售货员通话，之后售货员立刻改变了态度。克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并说他是个“可爱的人”。当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那儿。克莱尔想，被格拉迪丝发现了，这多么难为情啊。从她脸上的表情来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为她有婚外情。毕竟她知道克莱尔的丈夫叫拉里，而不叫托尼。尽管完全是清白的，克莱尔还是有负罪感。
克莱尔回到家里，哭了起来。她多希望能成为格拉迪丝那样的女人。托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪丝一样好。他还建议克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来玩，时间就定在托尼离去和拉里回家之前的那个晚上。到那时，托尼期待正在彻底改造的房子能完工。
托尼有条不紊地搞着装修。克莱尔试图帮忙修理悬挂在天花板上的一盏灯，但她从梯子上摔了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间，但他还是及时赶过来把她接住了。当他抱着她时，她感觉到了他身上的温暖。她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回了自己的房间。
聚会的那天晚上到了。时钟敲响了八下。客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。就在这时，托尼把她抱在怀里，把脸贴近她。她听到他说，他第二天不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。这时，前门的门铃响了。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．________________ 科幻小说
2．get a________ 得到奖金
3．a________ joke 一个荒唐的笑话
4．his wisdom and________ 他的智慧和正直
5．treat sb.with ________ 尊敬地对待某人
6．a basic________ 基本薪金
7．paint ________ 涂指甲油
8．a successful ________ 一名成功的女推销员
9．fall off the ________ 从梯子上掉下来
10．________ workers 解雇工人
science fiction
bonus
ridiculous
integrity
dignity
salary
nails
saleswoman
ladder
dismiss
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的派生词
1．________ [ 'p ntm nt] n.预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委派→appointed adj.指定的；约定的
2．________ ['ɡ lti] adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→guilt n.犯罪；过失；内疚
3．________ [d 'kle (r)] vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.宣布
appointment
guilty
declare
构词规律
1. ment常用于动词之后构成名词
appoint v.→appointment n.预约
encourage v.→___________ n.鼓励
equip v.→________ n.设备
2．动词之后加 sion可转化为名词
divide v.→division n.分开
decide v.→________ n.决定
emit v.→________ n.排放
encouragement
equipment
decision
emission
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 检验；测试
2．________________ 更像是；更接近
3．________________ 用……做试验
4．________________ 更确切地说
5．________________ 预约；有一个约会
6．________________ 转身；翻转
7．________________ 毕竟
8．________________ 及时
test out
more like
experiment with
or rather
have an appointment
turn around
after all
in time
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]more ...than ...与其说……倒不如说……
[教材]He seemed ________________________ a machine. 他看上去与其说是一台机器，倒不如说更像一个人。
2．[句型]make+宾语+宾语补足语
[教材]As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire
__________________________________________． 作为一项恩惠，托尼答应帮助克莱尔，把她变得更漂亮些，也把她的家变得更雅致些。
3．[句型]It be+形容词+that从句
[教材]Claire thought ________________ she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。
4．[句型]完全倒装
[教材]As she turned around, ________________ Gladys Claffern. 她转过身来，格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。
more like a human than
make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant
it was ridiculous that
there stood
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
1．Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as(引导的时间状语从句) her husband would be away on a business trip for three weeks，but Larry persuaded her that(引导的宾语从句) the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
[译文]
2．She told him how(引导的宾语从句) she was unhappy that her home wasn't elegant enough for Larry, (who(引导的定语从句) wanted to improve his social position with a bigger salary)．
[译文]
克莱尔并不想家里有个机器人，尤其是在她丈夫要出差三周的时候，但是拉里劝她说机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。
她告诉他，她很不高兴，因为她的家对拉里来说不够雅致；他想通过涨工资来提高自己的社会地位。
Part 2
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材原句)He seemed more like a human than a machine.
他看上去与其说是一台机器，倒不如说更像一个人。
◎句型公式：“more...than...”意为“与其说……倒不如说……”
(1)more+adj./adv./n.+than与其说……，倒不如说……
(2)more than+数词，表示“超过；不止”。
more than+名词，意为“不只是；不仅仅……”。
more than+形容词/副词，意为“非常，很”。
(3)not more than+数词 不多于；不超过；少于
no more than+数词 仅仅；只不过
[佳句] I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised me，saying that I was more diligent than clever.
我在英语上取得了如此大的进步，以至于我的老师表扬了我，说我与其说是聪明不如说是勤奋。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Looking at the money he had earned by himself，he was more moved ________ happy.
②The book seems to be ________ a dictionary than a grammar.
than
more
[写美]——应用文写作之邀请信
③________________________ (我会非常高兴) if you could come and join in my birthday party at 7 p.m.next Friday at my home. ________________________ (将会有十几个朋友) present at the party. ________________________ (派对不仅仅是为了玩)；it is also for mutual communication. So please accept my sincere invitation.
I would be more than delighted
There will be more than ten friends
The party is more than for fun
2(教材原句)As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant.托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得更漂亮，使她的家变得更高雅大方。
◎句型公式：make+宾语+宾语补足语
make+宾语+
[佳句] We will spare no effort to make more people aware of the importance of environmental protection.
我们将不遗余力地使更多人了解环保的重要性。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①His parents managed to make him________ (examine) in the hospital.
[写美]——微写作
②是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念使一些不同寻常的事情最终发生了。
It was his brave heart and strong faith that could
________________________ finally.
③他拒绝了我，这让我不知所措。
He turned me down, which ________________．
examined
make something unusual happen
made me at a loss
3(教材原句)She had an appointment to paint her nails，then she went into an expensive clothes shop.
她约好去做指甲，然后去了一家昂贵的服装店。
◎appointment n.预约；约会；委任
(1)make/have an appointment with sb. 和某人有约
keep/break an/one's appointment 守约/ 失约
(2)appoint v. 任命；委派；安排；约定
appoint sb.(as/to be)．.. 任命某人(为)……
appoint sb.to do sth. 指派某人去做某事
[佳句] He was dismissed for breaking the appointment with his boss, which made us all surprised.
他因违反与老板的约定而被解雇， 这使我们很吃惊。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Your ________ will be canceled immediately if you fail to arrive at the scene at the ________ time.(appoint)
②Word came that the committee appointed Mrs Brown ________ chairwoman of the organization.
[写美]——应用文之道歉信
③我很抱歉不能和你一起去书店了，因为我在这周六下午和牙医有约。
I am sorry that I can't go to the bookstore with you because
___________________________________________________．
appointment
appointed
as
I have/make an appointment with my dentist this Saturday afternoon
4(教材原句)Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty.
尽管这完全是清白的，克莱尔还是感到内疚。
◎guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
(1)be guilty of 犯有……罪
be/feel guilty for/at/about... 对/为……感到内疚/有愧
(2)guilt n. 犯罪；过失；内疚
out of guilt 出于愧疚
[佳句] A mixture of guilt and delight came from the bottom of my heart.
一种既内疚又高兴的情绪从我心底涌了出来。(读后续写情绪描写)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①She had feelings of _____ (guilty) about leaving her children and going to work.
②I felt guilty ________ my conflict with my dear friend and I must apologize to him.
[写美]——读后续写之愧疚心理描写
③出于愧疚，我向我的老师解释，并保证这种事情不会再发生。
_____________________________ and promised this would never happen again.
guilt
for
Out of guilt, I explained to my teacher
5(教材原句)As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.
刚一转身，(她就看到)格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。
◎句型公式：完全倒装
(1)here，there(方位)，in，out，off，away，up，down(方向)，now，then(时间)等表示方位、方向或时间的副词或者表示地点的介词短语置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go，remain，lie，run等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。
(2)主系表结构中，作表语的形容词、分词置于句首时用完全倒装。such作表语置于句首时用完全倒装。
[佳句] Look! Here comes Bus 607 and it will take us to the shopping mall.
看！607路车来了，它会带我们去购物中心。
[练通]——补全句子
①From the valley ________________________ (传来美妙的歌声)．
②On the floor ________________ (坐着一个男孩) surrounded by a pile of books.
③______________________ (下面是一些餐桌礼仪) you're concerned about.
[写美]——句式升级
④A small stream lined by trees runs at the foot of the mountain.
→____________________________________________ (倒装)
[指津] (1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。
(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。
came the beautiful song
sat a boy
Here comes the table manners
At the foot of the mountain runs a small stream lined by trees.
6(教材原句)The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.
客人们很快就要到了，因此克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。
◎dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
dismiss sb.for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而解雇/开除某人
dismiss sb.from sth. 将某人从……开除，解雇
[佳句] I think we can safely dismiss their prejudice.
我认为我们对他们的成见完全可以不予理会。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The servant was dismissed ________ being lazy and dishonest.
②The chairwoman was dismissed ________ her post for being unqualified.
for
from
7(教材原句)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day，and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.
她听到他说，他第二天不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。
◎declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
declare sb./sth. to be... 宣布某人或某事是……
declare for/against... 赞成/反对……
declare war (on...) (向……)宣战
declare... open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
[佳句] When the teacher declared me to be the winner of the English Speech Contest，I was surprised and pleased.(高兴心理描写)
当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①In September 1939, Britain declared war ________ Germany after Germany invaded Poland.
②All the residents declared ________ garbage sorting in new efforts to better protect the environment.
[写美]——应用文之发言稿
③仪式一宣布开始，我校全体学生就欢呼起来。
________________________________， all the students in our school burst into cheers.
on
for
The instant the ceremony was declared open(共23张PPT)
Learning About Language
Part 1
Part 2
Part 1
语言基础集释
1(教材原句)on a...basis
根据；以……的方式(基准)
(1)on a regular basis 例行地；有规律地；定期地
on a daily or weekly basis 每天或每周
on the basis of 以……为基础
(2)base...on/upon 把……置于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
[佳句] I am saving money on a regular basis with the aim of buying a house of my own.
我正在定期存钱，目的是买一套属于我自己的房子。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The restaurant ________ (base) on trust, and it is working all right.
②________ (base) on the ratings, I bought my beloved backpack，saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.
③On the ________ (base) of these facts, we can draw the conclusion that he is guilty.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④他每天骑自行车上班，这有利于强身健体。
He ________________________， which is beneficial to build up his strength.
is based
Based
basis
cycles to work on a daily basis
2(教材原句)It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future.
在未来，如果我们发现很难区分现实和科幻小说，那也不足为奇。
◎distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别
(1)distinguish A from B=distinguish between A and B 把A和B区分开
distinguish oneself (as) (作为……)使自己扬名
(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；受人尊敬的
[佳句] You should learn to distinguish between right and wrong.
=You should learn to distinguish right from wrong.
你应学会明辨是非。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The twins are so much alike that it is impossible to distinguish one ________ the other.
②Confucius was a ________ (distinguish)educator and philosopher in Chinese history.
[写美]——词汇升级
③Famous for its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.(推荐信)
→________________ its attractive scenery, Hangzhou witnesses large numbers of tourists every year.
from
distinguished
Distinguished for
Part 2
[自主感知]
①It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife，Claire.
②Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
③Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human and it was disturbing.
④Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot...
⑤As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops...
⑥How awful to be discovered by her，Claire thought.
⑦By that time，Tony expected that the house，which was being completely transformed，would be ready.
[我的发现]
1．以上句子中都使用了被动语态，句①为________的被动语态；句③、④、⑦为________的被动语态；句⑤为________的被动语态。
2．句②和句⑥为________的被动语态，句②中的to be harmed作allow的________，而句⑥中的to be discovered作________。
过去将来时
过去进行时
一般过去时
不定式
宾语补足语
真正的主语
[语法规则]
考点一 各种时态的被动语态形式?
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done / shall/will have been done
①The children are asked to clean their room every day.
孩子们被要求每天打扫一次房间。(一般现在时的被动语态)
②The work will have been finished by the end of next month.
到下个月底前这项工作将会完成。(将来完成时的被动语态)
③Many animals are being killed and their habitats are being damaged.
许多动物正在被杀害，而且它们的栖息地正在遭到破坏。(现在进行时的被动语态)
④I received the sad news that he had been killed in a terrible accident.
我得知了这个不幸的消息，说他在一场可怕的事故中丧生。(过去完成时的被动语态)
[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空
①May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which ____________ (name) officially by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
②We are confident that the environment ____________ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
③It is the first time that the actress's performance ____________ (recognize) by the director.
④I have to go to work by taxi because my car ____________ (repair) at the garage.
⑤Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane______________________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
was named
will be improved
has been recognized
is being repaired
is viewed/has been viewed
考点二 使用被动语态应注意的几个问题?
1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
听到不会获得博士学位，他沮丧到了极点。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。
(1)We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
→He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
(2)His words made me throw up.
→I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
[名师指津] 在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的(直接)宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的(间接)宾语，或将表示人的(间接)宾语变为主语。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
→An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
→I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
4．动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
The old man was often laughed at.
那位老人经常被人嘲笑。
[巧学活用2]——将下列各句改为被动语态/ 单句语法填空
①We saw a stranger enter the building just now.
→_____________________________________________________________
②My uncle gave me a present the other day.
→____________________________________________________________
③The bad weather made me decide to stay here for another day.
→_____________________________________________________________
④My uncle took good care of me when I was young.
→_____________________________________________________________
⑤The artist was sure he would ________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor's chief minister，the old man laughed.
⑥Every minute must ________ (make) use of to improve our spoken English.
A stranger was seen to enter the building just now.
A present was given to me the other day by my uncle.
I was made to decide to stay here for another day (by the bad weather).
I was taken good care of by my uncle when I was young.
be chosen
be made
考点三 动词不定式的被动语态和用法?
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动式可分为一般式和完成式。
(1)一般式：to be done表示动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之后或同时发生。
(2)完成式：to have been done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
It is a great honor to be invited to host the opening ceremony.很荣幸被邀主持开幕式。
He is said to have been admitted to Tsinghua University.据说他已经被清华大学录取了。
[巧学活用3]——用不定式的被动语态补全句子
①法官似乎已经知道了真相。
The truth seems ________________ by the judge.
②我很荣幸能有机会做一个主题为“生命之粮”的演讲。
I feel so honored ________________ deliver a speech themed “food for life”．
③明年建成的机场将有助于促进这一地区的旅游业。
The airport ________________ next year will help promote tourism in this area.
to have been known
to be given a chance to
to be completed
考点四 主动形式表示被动意义?
1．主动语态表被动意义
(1)系动词(如look，sound，smell，feel，taste，remain，seem，hear，appear，prove 等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来美味可口。
What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging.
他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。
(2)当wash，write，sell，open，close，shut，lock，cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily，well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
The science fiction written by Liu Cixin sells very well.刘慈欣写的科幻小说很畅销。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲给我的作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。
(3)need，want，require，deserve等+doing用主动形式表示被动意义。
This ladder wants/requires/needs repairing/ to be repaired.这个梯子需要修理。
(4)be worth doing→ be worthy to be done主动形式表示被动意义。
The novel is worth reading again.
→The novel is worthy to be read again.
这部小说值得再读一次。
[巧学活用4]——用所给动词的适当形式填空
①His books ________ (sell) well，so they are sold out soon.
②This cheese ________ (not cut) easily. It's too soft.
③To make way for the wide street，these houses need ______________ (pull) down.
2．动词不定式的被动语态
(1)动词不定式的被动语态由“to+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，当动词不定式所表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系时，要用动词不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有一般式(to be done)和完成式(to have been done)。
I am very happy to be praised.
受到褒奖我非常高兴。
The magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the library.
这些杂志不允许带出图书馆。
I am proud to have been admitted to Peking University.
我很自豪已被北京大学录取。
sell
doesn't cut
pulling/to be pulled
(2)动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况。
①sb.have sth.to do/There be sth.to do 句型中。
Before the end of the meeting, I have something important to declare.
会议结束之前，我有很重要的事情要宣布。
There is so much homework to do every day，which almost drives me mad.
每天有那么多家庭作业要做，这几乎让我发疯。
②动词不定式跟在性质形容词(difficult，hard，easy，comfortable，good等)后，与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时(构成sb./sth.be+adj.+to do)。
Our headmaster looks hard to get close to, but in fact he is easy to get along with.
我们校长看起来很难接近，但实际上他很容易相处。
③动词不定式与疑问词连用时。
With so many books at hand，Tom had no idea which to read first.
手头有那么多的书，汤姆不知道先读哪一本。
[巧学活用5]——用所给词的适当形式填空
①We have four reading passages ________ (complete) in the coming holiday.
②The old man found the computer was hard ________ (operate)．
③She had no money ________ (buy)a birthday present for their children.
④The girl is easy ________ (get) along with.
to complete
to operate
to buy
to get(共38张PPT)
Using Language
Part 1
Part 2
Part 1
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the text on Pages 8～9 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What makes the traveller think that the Time Machine works
A．The change of time on a clock.
B．The lab that looks different.
C．The strange feeling in mind.
D．The trick the machine plays on him.
答案：A
2．Why is the author invisible to his niece
A．Because he is hidden from her.
B．Because they are not in the same time.
C．Because there is no lamp in the room.
D．Because he moves like a rocket.
答案：B
3．How does the time traveller feel when travelling through time
A．Excited.
B．Relaxed.
C．Unfortunate.
D．Uncomfortable.
4．Why is the time traveller worried about stopping the machine
A．An accident can happen.
B．The machine will turn over.
C．An explosion may take place.
D．The machine has no brakes.
答案：D
答案：C
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①sit sb./oneself in a seat 使……就座
②lever['lev r] n.操纵杆；杠杆
③panel ['p nl] n.控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
④or so大约
⑤draw a breath深吸一口气
⑥go hazy变得模糊
⑦turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
⑧skip [sk p]vi.跳跃
⑨a winding road蜿蜒的公路
⑩in the open air在户外
division [d 'v n] n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
puff [p f]n.(烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
rise up上升
calculate ['k lkjule t] vt.计算；核算；预测
random ['r nd m]随机的；不可思议的
flash [fl ] v.使闪现；闪光
impatient [ m'pe nt] adj.焦躁的；不耐心的
jolt [d lt]n．震动；摇晃；颠簸
vt. & vi.(使)震动；摇晃
[原文呈现]
THE TIME MACHINE(Adapted)
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.【1】 I gave it a last check，and sat myself in the leather seat①. I pushed the starting lever②on the main panel③ forwards an inch then immediately backwards again. Looking around，I saw my laboratory exactly as before. Had anything happened I thought my mind had tricked me. Then I saw the clock. A moment before，it was a minute or so④ past ten; now it was nearly half past three!
【1】It was at ten o'clock today that...为强调句式，强调时间状语。
I drew a breath⑤，gripped the lever and pushed it forwards. The laboratory went hazy⑥ around me. My niece came in to fetch something，maybe her handkerchief，apparently without seeing me. It probably took her a minute，but to me she moved like a rocket！【2】 I pushed the lever further. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out⑦，and in another moment came the day. 〖Tomorrow〗 night came，then skipped⑧ to day，again and again，faster and faster still.
【2】It probably took her a minute...是It takes sb. some time to do sth.句式。
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road⑨. As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air⑩. 【3】The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky，but soon there was division between night and day. 【4】 Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew，spread，and died in moments. I saw huge buildings rise up ，then disappear like in a dream. 【5】The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes. I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
【3】句中as引导时间状语从句。
【4】句中as if引导表语从句。
【5】句中saw huge buildings rise up是“see+宾语+宾补”复合结构。
I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! 【6】I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times. So long as I travelled at maximum speed, it didn't matter． 【7】But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! Like an impatient fool, I pulled the lever backwards hard. With a sudden jolt ，the Time Machine was flipped on its side，and I was thrown through the air.
【6】that were being flashed before my eyes是定语从句。
【7】句中so long as引导条件状语从句。
I was stunned for a moment，and then heard the sound of thunder. I was sitting in the rain in some mud next to the machine. “A fine welcome，” I said，“for a man who has travelled thousands of years to be here！”
[参考译文]
时间机器(改编)
就在今天十点钟，第一台时间机器开始运行了。我最后检查了一下机器，然后坐在皮椅上，把主面板上的启动控制杆向前推了一英寸，又立即向后拉。环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和以前一模一样。有任何变化吗？我想是大脑欺骗了我。然后我看了看时钟，片刻之前，是十点零一分左右，而现在已经快三点半了！
我吸了一口气，抓住控制杆，把它往前推。我周围的实验室景象变得一片模糊。这时我侄女进来拿东西，可能是她的手帕，显然她没有看到我。她拿东西大概花了一分钟。但对我来说，她移动得像火箭一样快！我把控制杆推得更远了一些。夜幕降临，仿佛灯灭了，转眼间，白昼降临了，然后到了第二天晚上，又跃进到白天，如此反复，越来越快。
很难解释时间旅行时那种奇怪而且不愉快的感觉。就好像我坐在车里，在蜿蜒的公路上飞驰。随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我置身于户外。太阳和月亮看起来像是被抛起来滑过了天空，但很快就有了白天和黑夜的分界。我看到周围的树木像烟雾一样向上生长；它们在转瞬之间生长、伸展枝叶，然后死亡。我看到巨大的建筑拔地而起，然后像在梦里一样消失了。整个地球表面都在我眼前变化、融化和流动。我计算了一下，每分钟我能在时间中穿梭数百年。
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看那些在我眼前随机闪过的东西！我多次考虑过时间机器停止运转带来的风险；只要我以最快的速度穿梭，那就不会有问题。但是如果我停下来，同一空间会被别的东西占据，我们就会被压迫在一起，然后像炸弹一样爆炸！我像个不耐烦的傻瓜，使劲向后拉了一下控制杆。突然一阵颠簸，时光机器翻了，我被抛到了空中。
我愣了一下，然后听到了雷声。我坐在雨中的泥地里，旁边就是时间机器。“一个不错的欢迎仪式，”我说，“对一个穿梭了几千年的时光来到这里的人来说！”
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．a 3，000 seat ________ 一个3 000座的场地
2．become ________ 变得更好
3．as a reason for ________ 不付诸行动的理由
4．keep down ________ costs 持低劳动成本
5．be made of ________ 是皮革做的
6．________ the lever 握操纵杆
7．Give him an ________， and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。
venue
superior
inaction
labour
leather
grip
inch
8．go ________ 得模模糊糊
9．look after her ________ 照料她的侄女
10．a bright ________ 一盏明亮的灯
11．set off at a steady ________ 以稳定的步伐出发
12．________ the kids from school 去学校接孩子了
13．pick one apple at ________ 随机地拣选了一个苹果
14．________ sb. innocent 假定某人是清白的
15．at ________ speed 以最快的速度
hazy
niece
lamp
pace
fetch
random
presume
maximum
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据语境写出相应的派生词
1．________ ['k lkjule t] vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n.计算；预测，推测
2．________ [d 'v n] n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→divide vt.划分；分开
3．________ [ d ] n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n.紧急
4．________ [ k'spl d] vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸
5．________ [m d] n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj.泥泞的
calculate
division
urge
explode
mud
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
2．________________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
3．________________ 与……冲突或抵触
4．________________ 使……就座
5．________________ 向前/向后推
6．________________ 环顾四周
7．________________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
8．________________ (逐渐)减少；消失
9．________________ 上升；升起
10．________________ 有强烈的欲望做某事
(be) superior to
take over
conflict with
sit sb./oneself in a seat
push...forwards/backwards
look around
turn out
fall away
rise up
have an urge to do sth
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]强调句型It is/was...that...
[教材]________________________ the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
2．[句型]as/so long as引导条件状语从句
[教材]A robot must protect its own existence
__________________________________ the first or second law.
机器人必须保护自己的存在，只要这种保护不与第一定律或第二定律相冲突。
3．[句型]as if引导的是方式状语从句
[教材]________________ a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临，就像一盏灯熄灭一样，再一转眼，已到了白天。
It was at ten o'clock today that
as long as such protection does not conflict with
Night came as if
Part 2
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材原句)In sci fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.
在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更优秀并占据主导地位。
◎superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
be superior to 比……更好，更胜一筹
be inferior to 比……差/级别低
be senior to 比……年长/职位高
be junior to 比……年龄小/职位低
[佳句] Tsinghua University and Beijing University are clearly superior to other universities in China.
很明显，在中国清华大学和北京大学要优于其他大学。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①As is shown in the report，only one salesman is senior ________ me in the company.
②He is junior to me by three years but I am junior ________ him in the company.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
③爸爸建议我们沿着河边走，也许可以到达农舍，没有什么比这更好的办法了。
Dad proposed that we should walk along the river which may lead us to the farmhouse and nothing ________________．
to
to
seemed superior to that
◎take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
take off 脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞
take down 写下；记下；拆除
take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗
take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事
take up 占有(时间/空间); 接受；拿起
[佳句] My parents urged me to be patient and never let negative thoughts take over.
我的父母敦促我要有耐心，永远不要让消极的想法占据上风。(读后续写主旨升华)
[练通]——用take的相关短语填空
④Even though my studies ________ most of my day, I always help my mother with the housework.
⑤After ________ the firm from his father，Tom ________ some scientific ideas and ________ some experienced and hard working workers，which suggested that his firm would ________ soon.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
⑥我记下他提到的事项，更加投入到课题中。
I ________________________ and poured more effort to the project.
take up
taking over
took in
took on
take off
took down everything he mentioned
2(教材原句)A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the first or second law.
机器人必须保护自己的存在，只要这种保护不与第一定律或第二定律相冲突。
◎conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
in conflict with 与……有冲突
come into conflict with 与……产生冲突
[佳句] The boy often conflicts with other students，which makes his parents upset.
这个男孩经常和其他学生发生冲突，这使他的父母很不高兴。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①她发现自己在未来的职业上与父母发生了冲突。
She found herself ___________________ over her future career.
②一方面，阅读时尚书籍可以使我们的生活更加丰富多彩。另一方面，时尚是我们生活中很重要的一部分，这和我们的学习并不冲突。For one thing，reading about fashion can make our life more colorful. For another，fashion is an essential part of our life which
_______________________.
in conflict with her parents
doesn't conflict with our studies
3(教材原句)It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
◎句型公式：It is/was... that...(为强调句型)
It was at ten o'clock today that...为强调句型，强调句中的时间状语 at ten o'clock today。
(1)强调句型的基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。多用于强调句子主语、宾语和状语；
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it +被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分？
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分？
(4)not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...。
[佳句] As far as I'm concerned, it was his strong determination that made a difference.
在我看来，是他的坚定决心起了重大影响。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①It was not until he lost his job ________ he realized the importance of study.
②It is with your generous help ________ I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
③I want to know what it was ________ made his parents so happy.
[写美]——应用文佳句
④更重要的是，北京的著名旅游景点每年都吸引着大量来自世界各地的游客。
More importantly, _____________________________ attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year.
that
that
that
it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that
4(教材原句)Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临，仿佛灯灭了，转眼间，白昼降临了。
◎句型公式：as if/as though“仿佛；好像”，引导方式状语从句和表语从句
as if/though所引导的从句中的语气及时态：
[佳句] I can remember every detail of our graduation ceremony as if it had happened yesterday.@我对我们的毕业典礼的每一个细节记忆犹新，就像昨天一样。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Don't handle the vase as if it ________ (make) of steel.
②He opened his mouth as if ________ (say) something.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③快点！看起来火车要开了。
Hurry up! It looks ________________________．
④David坚持跑着，仿佛他已忘记了他所有的弱点，尽管在这几公里被绊倒了。
David insisted on running______________________________________， though he was tripped over within a few kilometers.
were made
to say
as if the train is going to move
as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses
◎turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
turn up 调高(音量等)；出现
turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝
turn in 上交；交还，退还
turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off 关闭(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn to 求助于；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向
[佳句] It turns out that helping others realize their dreams gave me more pleasure. (读后续写主旨升华)
事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。
[练通]——猜测加黑词turn out的意思
⑤Out of interest at first, it turned out to be a rewarding experience.________
⑥The children just played until their parents came round to turn the lamps out.________
⑦Thousands of people turned out for their wedding.________
[写美]——读后续写佳句
⑧谢天谢地，杰夫没有慌，迅速关掉了液化气。
Thankfully, Jeff ______________________________．
结果是
关掉
在场
stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly
5(教材原句)It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.@这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。
◎句型公式：修辞之明喻在读后续写中的运用
在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻这一修辞方法，增加故事情节的生动性。明喻主要采用like，as。
[佳句] When he heard us talking about the colorful life, the smile on his face shone like a diamond.
当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他的笑容灿烂得如宝石一样闪闪发光。
[练通]——应用文佳句
①它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。
It murmured in a soft voice ________________________________．
②汤姆病得很厉害，不能去聚会。
Tom ________________， and couldn't go to the party.@6(教材原句)As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away.
我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁随之坍塌。
like a little girl whispering to her mother
was as sick as a dog
◎pace n.速度；步伐；节奏 v．确定速度；调整节奏
(1)at a(n) ... pace 以……的速度
pace of life 生活节奏
keep pace with sb./sth. 与某人/某物并驾齐驱
(2)pace up and down 来回踱步
[佳句] Study at your own pace and never lose heart, and you will make progress in time. (建议信)
按照自己的进度学习，不要灰心，你一定会取得进步的。
[写美]——读后续写佳句
①为了跟上他的步伐，我彻底放弃了闲散的生活方式，全身心投入到项目中。
___________________， I completely gave up my idle ways and devoted myself in the project.
②她在厨房踱来踱去，然后遛达到大门口又回来。(读后续写动作描写)
____________________________， and then wandered down to the gate and back.
To keep up with his pace
She paced up and down in the kitchen
◎fall away(逐渐)减少；消失
fall over 倒下，摔倒；被……绊倒
fall down 跌倒
fall off 从……摔下(其后直接接宾语)
fall behind 落后；跟不上
[佳句] His supporters fell away as his popularity declined.随着他的名望下降，他的支持者渐渐离他而去。
[练通]——单句语法填空
③My sunglasses fell ________ and broke on the pavement.
④If you don't come to class regularly，you will fall ________ in your studies.
⑤If you take this medicine, all your pains and aches will fall ________．
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑥但是到了冬天，当树叶落下的时候，它们也飞走了。
But in winter，when leaves ________________，they also_______________．
off
behind
away
fall off trees
fly away
7(教材原句)I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes！
我有一种强烈的欲望，想看看眼前那些随机闪现的东西！
◎urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
(1)have/feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urge sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/强调……做某事
It is urged that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/强调……做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
[佳句] I was embarrassed, but I fought the urge to run off the stage. (读后续写情感描写)
我感到很尴尬，但我抑制了想跑下台的冲动。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①________ (urge) to join sports teams, the boy took advantage of the chance and became a player.
②His going to stay in hospital for three months urged me ________ (visit) him immediately.
[写美]——一句多译
家长应该积极督促孩子利用这个机会参加户外活动。
③Parents should actively_____________________________
． (urge sb. to do sth.)
④Parents should actively____________________________
． (urge that...)
Urged
to visit
urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to participate in outdoor activities
urge that their children (should) take advantage of the opportunity to participate in outdoor activities(共18张PPT)
Writing——科幻故事
本单元的写作项目是写一篇科幻故事。 科幻故事是开放式作文的一种，一般给出一段材料，要求我们充分发挥想象力来拓展原材料内容，运用逻辑推理的方法，沿着材料的纵横方向延伸，给故事添加开头、中间过程或结尾。想象必须合理而且内容丰富，要抓住主题，运用恰当的词汇、句型与语句间的连接成分写出连贯的表达，语言要流畅、具有美感。其基本框架为：
增分佳句
1.In the future，every family can have a robot，and it can help people do many things.
未来，每个家庭都会拥有一个机器人，它可以帮助人们做很多事情。
2.With the development of science and technology，our life will be surely more convenient and comfortable.
随着科学技术的发展，我们的生活一定会更加方便和舒适。
3.We can imagine everything will be done easily and automatically.
我们可以想象每件事都会轻而易举地自动完成。
4.Robots may be the most clever except humans in the future.
在未来，机器人可能是除人类以外的最聪明的事物。
5.This is the life that I am looking forward to.
这就是我所期待的生活。
6.No one can make sure whether there is another life existing in the universe.
没有人能确定在宇宙中是否存在另外的生命。
7.Though the scientists never saw the real aliens, I still believe that besides human beings, life must exist in the universe.
虽然科学家们从未见过真正的外星人，但我仍然相信除了人类之外，宇宙中存在另外的生命。
8.When intelligent machines can do the thinking, will our brain get lazy and regress？
当智能机器可以思考时，我们的大脑会变得懒惰和退化吗？
9.As a matter of fact, I believe the wider spread of AI actually act as a motivation to force us to become more intelligent.
事实上，我相信人工智能的广泛传播实际上是一种动力，迫使我们变得更聪明。
10.To sum up, every technology is a double edged sword.
综上所述，每一项技术都是一把双刃剑。
典题演练
你校校报英语角举办科幻故事征文比赛，请你写一个关于飞碟的故事参加比赛。内容包括：
时间，地点； 2.主要情节； 3.你的感受。
注意：1词数80左右； 2.故事题目已经给出，不计入总词数。
The Flying Saucer
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
谋篇布局
遣词造句
1.晚上太热了，我在帐篷里睡不着。
It was so hot at night __________________ in the tent.
2.我爬出帐篷， 四处走动以便冷静下来。
I crawled out of the tent and walked around ________________．
3.突然，一道亮光划过天空，一个飞碟出现在我的帐篷附近。
Suddenly a bright light ________________ and a flying saucer appeared near my tent.
4.它看起来就像我白天读的书里的一样。
It looked just like the one in the book ________________ during the day.
5.我赶紧躲在一块石头后面，看见一个外星人从一扇圆门里走了下来。
I quickly hid ________________ and saw an alien come down through a round door.
that I couldn't fall asleep
to cool down
flashed across the sky
I had read
behind a stone
6.他走进我的帐篷，手里拿着什么东西出来了。
He walked into my tent and came out ___________________．
7.然后不明飞行物飞走了。我立刻跑进帐篷，发现我的平板电脑不见了。
The UFO then flew away. I immediately ran into my tent and found that ________________．
8.我很困惑，我不能相信我所看到的。
I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe ________________． ?
with something in his hand
my Pad was gone
what I had seen
句式升级
9.用so把句1 和句2合并成复合句。
_________________________________________________ ______________________
10.用倒装句改写句3并用定语从句合并句3和句4。
___________________________________________________________
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down.
Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day.
完美成篇
The Flying Saucer
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down.The sky was clear and stars were shining.
Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day.I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door.He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand.The UFO then flew away.I immediately ran into my tent and found that my Pad was gone.
I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen. But I decided that the next time the alien came, I would talk to him.
单元知识回顾与提升
闪卡展示 快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速说出下列单词的汉语意思
1.fiction n. ________________
2.science fiction ________________
3.bonus n. ________________
4.ridiculous adj. ________________
5.integrity n. ________________
6.dignity n. ________________
7.absurd adj. ________________
8.nail n. ________________
vt. ________________
9.saleswoman n. ________________
10.ladder n. ________________
小说；虚构的事
科幻小说(或影片等)
意外收获；奖金；红利
愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
诚实正直；完整；完好
庄重；庄严；尊严
荒谬的；荒唐的
指甲；趾甲；钉子
(用钉子)钉牢；固定
女售货员；女推销员
梯子；阶梯
11.chairwoman n. ________________
12.salesman n. ________________
13.alien n. ________________
adj. ________________
14.inaction n. ________________
15.blurred adj. ________________
16.leather n. ________________
[pl.] ________________
17.lever n. ________________
18.panel n. ________________
19.inch n. ________________
20.niece n. ________________
21.maximum adj. ________________
n. ________________
22.jolt n. ________________
vt.& vi. ________________
女主席；女董事长；女委员长
售货员；推销员
外星人(生物)；外国人
陌生的；外星的；外国的
无行动；不采取措施
模糊不清的；难以区分的
皮革
皮衣；皮外套
操纵杆；杠杆
控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
英寸
侄女；外甥女
最大极限的
震动；摇晃；颠簸
最大量；最大限度
(使)震动；摇晃
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1.________________ n. 薪水；薪金
2.________________ vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
3.________________ vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
4.________________ conj. 然而；但是；尽管
5.________________ n. 谣言；传闻
6.________________ vt.& vi. 假设；假定
7.________________ n. 车费；船费；飞机票价
8.________________ adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
9.________________ n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi. 奋斗；努力工作
10.________________ vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧
salary
suspend
dismiss
whereas
rumour
presume
fare
superior
labour
grip
11.________________ adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
12.________________ vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来
13.________________ n. 手帕；纸巾
14.________________ n. 灯；台灯
15.________________ adj. 随机的；不可思议的
hazy
fetch
handkerchief
lamp
random
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1.__________ n.预约；约会；委任→________ vt.任命；委派；指定；约定
2.________ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→________ n.内疚；罪行；罪过
3.________ vt.表明；宣称；公布→________ n.宣称；声明
4.________ vt.计算；核算；预测→________ n.计算器→________ n.计算
5.________ n.分开；分隔；差异；除(法)→________ vt.分开；分散；分配；分享
6.________ n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→________ adj.紧急的；急迫的
7.________ vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→________ n.爆炸；(感情)爆发；激增
8.________ n.泥；泥浆→________ adj.泥泞的
appointment
appoint
guilty
guilt
declare
declaration
calculate
calculator
calculation
division
divide
urge
urgent
explode
explosion
mud
muddy
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1.His work is to ________________ (检验；测试) new designs of cars before they are put on the market.
2.The man sounds much ________________ (更像是) an expert of psychology than a writer.
3.He knows little about English, ________________ (更准确点说), nothing at all.
4.______________ (转身) and let me look at your back.
5.The publishers planned to produce the journal ________________ (每周)．
6.It is necessary that we weigh the ________________ (利与弊) of including English words in Chinese dictionaries.
7.It cannot be questioned that the new method ________________ (比……好) the old one.
8.A British newspaper says British Airways plan to ________________ (接管) Trans World Airways.
9.The chairwoman warned us not to allow personal problems to ________________ (冲突) professional duties.
10.She didn't bother to ________________ (关掉) the light when she went out of the room.
test out
more like
or rather
Turn around
on a weekly basis
pros and cons
is superior to
take over
conflict with
turn out
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1.He seemed ______________________ a machine.
他看上去与其说是一台机器，倒不如说更像一个人。
2.As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire
___________________________________________．
作为一项恩惠，托尼答应帮助克莱尔，把她变得更漂亮些，也把她的家变得更雅致些。
3.Claire thought ________________ she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.
克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。
4.As she turned around, ____________________ Gladys Claffern.
她转过身来，格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。
more like a human than
make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant
it was ridiculous that
there stood
5.________________________ the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
6.A robot must protect its own existence
______________________________ the first or second law.
机器人必须保护自己的存在，只要这种保护不与第一定律或第二定律相冲突。
7.________________ a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临，就像一盏灯熄灭一样，再一转眼，已到了白天。
8.________________ I was being driven fast on a winding road.
(修辞之明喻) 这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。
It was at ten o'clock today that
as long as such protection does not conflict with
Night came as if
It felt like
