人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元素养评价（含解析，无听力音频有听力原文）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists单元素养评价（含解析，无听力音频有听力原文） |  | |
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单元素养评价(一) UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where are the two speakers
A．In a store. B．In a car. C．In the hospital.
2．When did the woman's son graduate
A．In 1980. B．In 1981. C．In 1982.
3．What is Jane doing now
A．Typing a letter. B．Changing her clothes. C．Having a meal.
4．What can we know about the woman
A．She cannot read. B．She has no watch. C．She is too busy.
5．What is the woman riding in
A．In a bus. B．In a taxi. C．On a plane.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What shall we do if something is wrong with the watch
A.Send it back to the factory. B．Have it repaired. C．Exchange it in the shop.
7．How much did the man pay for the watch
A．700 dollars. B．750 dollars. C．For free.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．How long will they stay there
A．5 weeks. B．3 weeks. C．We don't know.
9．How many rooms did they book
A．4. B．2. C．3.
10．What's the number for the single room
A．No. 9. B．No. 7. C．No. 6.
听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。
11．Where was the man when the murder happened
A．On the way to the station. B．On the way to work. C．On the way home.
12．When did the man arrive at the station
A．At 8：10. B．At 10：08. C．At 7：50.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How many countries has the man visited
A．5. B．4. C．3.
14．Why did the man visit them
A．In most cases, to work. B．In most cases, for holidays. C．In most cases, on business.
15．When did the man work in France
A．In 1950s. B．In 1960s. C．In 1970s.
16．How long did he work in France
A．A few weeks. B．A few months. C．A few years.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What's today's weather in general
A．Windy. B．Cloudy. C．Sunny.
18．Which is the highest temperature today
A．25 degrees. B．19 degrees. C．16 degrees.
19．How do you find the weather at night
A．Dry. B．Wet. C．Windy.
20．How many hours does the weather report probably cover
A．48. B．24. C．12.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
[2023·福州市高二适应性考试]Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.
Wu Chienshiung (1912～1997)
Born in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world's first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu's critical role in the work was overlooked.
Hedy Lamarr (1914～2000)
Austria born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology.
Katherine Johns (1918～2020)
African American NASA mathematician Johnson's calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33 year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”．
Tu Youyou (1930—)
Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria. Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize.
21．Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a (n)________．
A．composer B．producer C．actress D．mathematician
22．What is Tu Youyou's greatest contribution to the world
A．She treated people for cancer. B．She is the first Chinese Nobel winner.
C．Her discovery helped save millions. D．Her research project is one of a kind.
23．What do the four female scientists have in common according to the text
A．They shared the same interest. B．They each constructed a theory.
C．They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D．They all made a difference to the world.
B
[2023·龙岩市高二第一学期联考]George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off__and__on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. He was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.
In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U.S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.
He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel's example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self pollination (自花授粉). The pure bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal，Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.
24．What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Not surprisingly. B．Very formally. C．Very excellently. D. Not regularly.
25．What's paragraph 2 mainly about
A．George Shull's contributions. B．George Shull's research.
C．George Shull's work experience. D．George Shull's education.
26．What was so special about Shull's method of corn breeding
A．It completely relied on self pollination. B．It was first published in Genetics.
C．It was widely accepted in Ohio. D．It focused on crossing pure bred lines.
27．How does the author mainly develop the text
A．By giving examples. B．By following time order.
C．By making comparisons. D．By presenting a scientific study.
C
[2023·山东师范大学高二上学期期中]“The failure to play is now a serious issue and it calls for action for change，” says Sir Ken Robinson, a leading expert in education, creativity and human development. This is the driving force behind Outdoor Classroom Day—a global teacher led campaign, supported by Dirt is Good, a company producing daily chemical products.
Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity. By now, Outdoor Classroom Day has grown from a grassroots movement to a global campaign that is expected to benefit five million children and over 40，000 schools from all around the world in 2018.
This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn. Today globally 61% of parents surveyed in the Dirt is Good Qualitative Study said that children don't know how to play without using technology.
Outdoor Classroom Day is making playing time happen, with 22% of participating schools having increased their playtime since joining the campaign. 93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.
Scientific studies show that real play—the active, physical, self directed play—is essential for children to develop key life skills that are not taught elsewhere. Few would question the value of developing creativity, leadership, resourcefulness, and curiosity.
28．What do children do on Outdoor Classroom Day
A．Have P．E. classes on the playgrounds.
B．Have a day off and go playing anywhere.
C．Learn and play by using natural things outside.
D．Play on their own without the teachers' guidance.
29．Why do children spend less time outdoors
A．Schools stop providing playgrounds. B．Adults ignore the importance of playtime.
C.Parents prefer to homeschool their children. D．Technology helps children learn better at home.
30．What's the school teachers' attitude towards the campaign
A．Opposed B．Cold C．Enthusiastic D．Favourable
31．What's the passage mainly about
A．To introduce an activity. B．To advertise a product.
C．To entertain the public. D．To persuade students to play.
D
[2023·湖北省部分高中高二上学期期中]Most people have no idea what to do with their old drugs. Unused or expired (到期的) medicines lying around at home can get into the wrong hands, leading to accidental poisoning or drug overdose. When drugs are flushed or sent to landfill, the medicines can pollute our groundwater, rivers, and streams, threatening human and sea life.
In an effort to find a solution for drugs kept in medicine boxes or waterways, the U．S. Drug Enforcement Administration launched its first National Take Back Day in September 2010. In the drug take back program, the returned drugs are sent to medical waste incinerators (焚烧炉). However, the process of transporting and burning such waste can release greenhouse gas emissions that could be potentially greater than those generated if the drugs were poured into landfills.
“But take back programs are preferred as they reduce the risk of drug misuse and the incineration effectively eliminates the entrance of these medicines into our nation's waters，” says Tim Carroll, a spokesperson for the U．S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Perhaps surprisingly, not all unused medicines need to be thrown away. Every year five billion dollars' worth of unexpired medicines end up being deserted in the U. S. “We're wasting a lot of medicines which are already paid for，” says Anandi Law, a patient engagement specialist. “Millions of U．S. adults skip or delay getting their prescriptions filled due to high costs. We could give them to somebody else who needs it.”
Now, at least 40 states have passed legislation establishing drug donation programs that allow drug manufacturers, medical and long term care facilities, and sometimes individuals to donate their unused drugs. For example, since its start in 2007, Iowa's program, SafeNetRx, has served more than 117，000 patients and redistributed nearly 54 million dollar worth of medicines and supplies. Georgia's program formally launched in 2018, and it has already filled prescriptions worth over 50 million dollars.
“All of these efforts are still relatively new，” Carroll says. “We still have a long way to go until households change their habits.”
32．What disadvantage of the drug take back program is mentioned in paragraph 2
A．It costs large amounts of money. B．It increases the greenhouse effect.
C．It can produce poisonous chemicals. D．It wastes lots of energy to deal with old drugs.
33．What is Tim Carroll's attitude towards the take back program
A．Cautious. B．Indifferent. C．Supportive. D．Disapproving.
34．What is Anandi Law's suggestion about unused and unexpired medicines
A．Sending them to landfills. B．Selling them at a low price.
C．Donating them to someone in need. D．Developing technologies to recycle them.
35．What do the numbers in paragraph 5 mainly indicate
A．The challenging task of SafeNetRx. B．The expense of recycling unused drugs.
C．The significance of health care facilities. D．The achievements of drug donation programs.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·辽宁省葫芦岛市高二联考]As a parent, you want your kids to do their best in school. You already know plenty of sleep, healthy food and some school supplies are necessary. However, what else do children need to be successful without a professional homework helper __36__
Keep it ordered.
__37__ Hence, have your kids keep ahead of their homework with an organized system. For example, they could use a scheduling application like Asana or Trello to manage projects with arranged dates, or they might stick to an old fashioned pen and a paper planner. See what works best for them and go from there.
Break projects down.
Many children get stressed out when they have big assignments due. __38__ Often people get frightened by the difficulty of tasks without understanding that the large task is actually just made up of smaller ones. Another solution is to use a project proposal to help keep them on track with homework and projects.
Avoid delaying tasks.
One mistake students usually make is postponing unpleasant work and deliberately looking for distraction. Teach your children that the workload isn't going to get smaller if they wait longer. __39__
__40__
There are a growing number of online references and homework resources. Not only will your children be better prepared for class the next day, but they'll also learn a valuable lesson about how to research and find information online. From them you can also find ideas for educational activities that you can do with your children.
A.Get help online.
B．Focus on homework.
C．Online applications are becoming more and more popular.
D．Here are some tips from educators and professionals for helping your children with it — both at home and school campus.
E．Organization is the key to success, because it can maximize efficiency.
F．Teach them to break larger projects into smaller pieces.
G．Instead, it will only become larger and seem more difficult to get started.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2023·山东省青岛地区高二上学期期中]Dr Lin Qiaozhi was an amazing woman doctor in China. At age 18, instead of following the __41__ path of marriage, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much Finding a good __42__ should be their final goal！” her brother __43__， thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I'd rather stay __44__ to study all my life！”
Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and became a doctor. Later, she was sent to study in the US. She greatly __45__ her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, __46__ the offer. She wanted to serve the people at __47__.
In 1941, the hospital was __48__ because of the war. Thinking of the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a __49__ clinic (诊所) where she __50__ very low fees to treat patients. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next years, she held many important __51__. However, she was more __52__ in tending patients and training the next generation of doctors.
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she __53__ the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not __54__ until the day she died, 22 April 1983. She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new __55__.
41．A.smooth B．traditional C．essential D．complicated
42．A.job B．chance C．college D．husband
43．A.complained B．agreed C．advised D．explained
44．A.single B．poor C．young D．active
45．A.surprised B．excited C．impressed D．influenced
46．A.rejected B．thanked C．appreciated D．lost
47．A.hospital B．ease C．home D．once
48．A.gone B．rebuilt C．enlarged D．closed
49．A.private B．small C．modern D．special
50．A.paid B．reduced C．charged D．refused
51．A.meetings B．views C．positions D．shares
52．A.strict B．interested C．nervous D．anxious
53．A.regretted for B．was known as C．was in favor of D．was proud of
54．A.work B．struggle C．relax D．retire
55．A.times B．doctors C．medicine D．prize
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·河北省邢台市高二上学期第一次检测]Huang Wenxiu, an official in Baini village in Baise, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, 56.________ (lose) her life at the age of 30 when a flash flood swept her away as she was driving back to work.
After earning 57.________ master's degree from Beijing Normal University in 2016, Huang returned to Baise, her hometown, instead of seeking a career in the capital. “I grew up in a remote mountainous village 58.________ quite a number of folk are struggling with poverty, and all I wish is to do my part 59.________ (improve) their lives，” she once said.
With the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, the Chinese government stepped up 60.________ (it) nationwide campaign to remove poverty in 2015. Huang volunteered to join the grassroots poverty alleviation (基层扶贫) effort and 61.________ (appoint) Party chief of Baini in 2018.
Huang introduced tangerine (橘) growing techniques to the village, expanded the planting area and emphasized the 62.________ (important) of e commerce sales. Thanks 63.________ Huang's efforts during her time in office, the village collective economy developed 64.________ (rapid). 418 villagers from 88 households were lifted out of poverty, with the village's poverty rate 65.________ (decrease) from 22.88 percent to 2.71 percent.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
[2023·河北省保定市高二上学期期末]假设你是李华。为了响应国家“了解中国科技发展的伟大成就，坚定文化自信”的号召，你校计划举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist？”的演讲比赛，请你写一篇英语演讲稿参赛。内容包括：
1．列举一位伟大的科学家；
2．伟大的原因；
3．你的感想。
注意：
1．词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[2023·厦门实验中学高二上学期期中]When she was twelve years old, Raha earned a scholarship to study at a boarding school in England. Her father told her to study hard and practice running every day in England. She nodded because that is much easier than staying happy in a completely new country. Several days later, she kissed her family and boarded the plane for England. As the plane took off, she looked out of the window at the goats and brown rivers of Kenya. She stared down at the green fields where she used to run like the wind, barefoot (赤脚的)．
At school in England, Raha had lots of math problems to solve, essays to write, and books to read. She also joined in the school running team. They were preparing for an important running race, in which runners from different schools took part. In order to practice running, her coach gave her a striped shirt, white shorts, shoes with cleats (防滑钉) and another pair with spongy soles (吸水鞋底) for cross country. Honestly speaking, she had always run barefoot at home, so the shoes felt tight. But all the other runners wore shoes and Raha didn't want to be different.
The team practiced every weekday afternoon. On Saturdays, everyone watched football—everyone but Raha. She would run alone on the country roads barefoot and run over fields thick with mud just as in her hometown. Each day at lunch, she would sit alone in the large dining hall, eating dishes totally strange to her and missing her family.
One Saturday, Raha ran up a hill and found herself in a barnyard. To her surprise, one of her classmates, Thomas, stood just inside the barn doors. After he greeted her, Raha asked, “Why aren't you watching football？”“I have to help my father，” said Thomas, “but why aren't you wearing your shoes？”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
On hearing this question, Raha felt awkward.________________________________________________________________________
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On the day of the race, all the runners were wearing professional suits and shoes except Raha.________________________________________________________________________
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单元素养评价(一)
第一部分
答案：
1—5 CCABB 6—10 CBBCA
11—15 BCABA 16—20 CCAAB
听力材料：
Text 1
W：Excuse me, sir. Visiting hours is over now. You must leave, so your wife can get some rest.
M：Pardon me, nurse. I didn't hear the bell or I would have left earlier.
Text 2
M：My son graduated from college in 1981. How about your son
W：He finished school a year after your son did.
Text 3
W：I'll go and change my clothes as soon as I finish typing this letter.
M：OK, Jane. Then we'll take my car and go out for a meal.
Text 4
M：Could you please tell me the time
W：No, I'm sorry. I don't have a watch.
Text 5
W：Hurry up please, or I'll be late!
M：Sorry, madam, but the traffic is thick at this time of day.
Text 6
M：I want a watch. Have you any good ones
W：We have a lot of them.
M：How much does this watch cost
W：Seven hundred and fifty dollars.
M：The price is rather high.
W：A good watch is very expensive.
M：Well, if I buy it and find it is not a good watch or goes wrong, will you exchange it
W：Certainly, I will promise to do that.
M：All right then, let us say seven hundred; I can't afford more.
W：Sorry sir, we can't let you have it for that.
M：Then I'll have it.
Text 7
W：Good morning, sir.
M：Good morning. Is this the Friendship Hotel
W：Yes. What can I do for you
M：Good. I'm Mr.White. We booked our rooms yesterday.
W：Just a moment, please. Yes, three single rooms and one double, for five people for three weeks. Am I right
M：No. You are not right. We'd like two double rooms and one single room.
W：I'm sorry. Two double rooms, Numbers Six and Seven. One single room, Number Nine.
M：Where are the rooms
W：On the second floor.
Text 8
M：At the time the murder took place, I was travelling on the 8 o'clock train to London.
W：Do you always catch such an early train
M：Of course I do. I must be at work at 10.
W：At what time did you arrive at the station
M：At ten to eight, I bought a paper and waited for the train.
W：And you didn't notice anything unusual
M：No.
Text 9
W：Have you travelled very much
M：Well, yes.
W：What countries have you visited then
M：I've been to Fiji. I've been to France, Switzerland, Italy and Ireland.
W：Why did you visit them Was this just for holidays, or work, or what
M：In most cases it was for holidays.
W：Have you ever worked abroad
M：Yes, I have. I worked in France for five or six years.
W：When was that
M：That was before I got married in the early 1960s.
Text 10
And now our weather report. Nice sunshine all day long today, soon becoming very warm, but there will be some relief from the heat with something of a breeze developing. Even so, the temperature will get up to 25℃ later today; it's already up to 19℃ now, at nine in the morning, and it'll go on rising. Very little cloud at any stage during the day, just a few clouds drifting around early in the afternoon, so we should end up the day with a good fourteen hours of sunshine going into the record books. That breeze is an easterly one that's going to keep the coastal areas a little bit cooler during the day but still quite pleasant. Over the night, clear, dry weather, still a little bit of the breeze and the temperature down to sixteen in central London and twelve or thirteen out of town.
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了4名改变世界的女性科学家。
21．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr (1914～2000)中的“Austria born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self taught inventor.”可知，除了是一个发明家，海蒂·拉玛也是一个女演员。
22．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Tu Youyou (1930—)中的“Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world.”可知，屠呦呦对世界最大的贡献是她的发现帮助拯救了数百万人。
23．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.”可知，这四位女科学家共同之处是她们都对世界产生了影响。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的学习和工作经历以及重要成就。
24．答案与解析：D 词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed on the farm” 可知，George Shull小时候需要做农活，所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以off and on意为“断断续续地，时不时地”。
25．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium.”和最后一句“And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.”可知，第二段主要是讲George Shull的工作经历。
26．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.”可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。
27．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age.” ，第二段第一句“In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work.” ，第三段第一句“He began working on corn in 1905.” ，第四段第一句“In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University.” 和最后一段“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.” 可知，这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了一项名为“Outdoor Classroom Day”的活动，这项活动旨在通过增加孩子的玩耍时间，来提高孩子的创造力，充分发挥他们的潜力。
28．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.”可知，在“户外课堂日”，孩子们把学习转移到教室外面，他们可以在这一天玩耍，或使用石头等自然物体来学习，由此可知，在“户外课堂日”，孩子们利用户外的自然事物学习和玩耍。
29．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容“This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn.”可知，学校会减少孩子们的玩耍时间，为学业腾出更多空间，家长认为学习比玩耍重要，会给孩子安排更多的旨在帮助他们学习的活动，由此可知，孩子们在户外的时间更少了，是因为成年人忽视了游戏时间的重要性。
30．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.”可知，多数教师认为在户外玩耍可以提高孩子的创造力，有助于充分发挥他们的潜能，由此可推断出，学校老师对这项运动的态度是支持的。
31．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第二段关键句“Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项名为“Outdoor Classroom Day”的活动，这项活动旨在通过增加孩子的玩耍时间，来提高孩子的创造力，充分发挥他们的潜力，“To introduce an activity.”意为“介绍一项活动。”能够概括文章主要内容。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了过期药品怎么处理。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“the process of transporting and burning such waste can release greenhouse gas emissions that could be potentially greater than those generated if the drugs were poured into landfills.”可知，药品回收计划加重了温室效应。
33．答案与解析：C 观点态度题。根据第三段第一句的“But take back programs are preferred as they reduce the risk of drug misuse and the incineration effectively eliminates the entrance of these medicines into our nation's waters”可知，蒂姆·卡罗尔对回收计划的态度是支持的。
34．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“We could give them to somebody else who needs it. ”可知，对于未使用和未过期的药物，Law建议把它们捐给有需要的人。
35．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。第五段提到的数字主要展示了药品捐赠工作取得的成绩。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助孩子成功的建议和方法。
36．答案与解析：D 根据上文“As a parent, you want your kids to do their best in school. You already know plenty of sleep, healthy food and some school supplies are necessary. However, what else do children need to be successful without a professional homework helper ”可知，上文提出了孩子们需要什么才能成功的问题，结合后文主要给出了建议， 故选D。
37．答案与解析：E 根据后文“Hence, have your kids keep ahead of their homework with an organized system. For example, they could use a scheduling application like Asana or Trello to manage projects with arranged dates, or they might stick to an old fashioned pen and a paper planner. See what works best for them and go from there. ”可知，后文提到了有组织的系统提前完成作业，可知本句是在强调有组织的重要性。 故选E。
38．答案与解析：F 根据上文“Many children get stressed out when they have big assignments due. ”以及后文“Often people get frightened by the difficulty of tasks without understanding that the large task is actually just made up of smaller ones. Another solution is to use a project proposal to help keep them on track with homework and projects. ”可知，后文提到了大任务其实是由小任务组成的，可知本句是在说明可以把大项目分化成小项目， 故选F。
39．答案与解析：G 根据上文“One mistake students usually make is postponing unpleasant work and deliberately looking for distraction. Teach your children that the workload isn't going to get smaller if they wait longer. ”可知，上文提到等待的时间更长，工作量不会减少，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明：相反，它只会变得更大，似乎更难开始。G选项中it指代上文the workload。
40．答案与解析：A 根据本段内容“There are a growing number of online references and homework resources. Not only will your children be better prepared for class the next day, but they'll also learn a valuable lesson about how to research and find information online. From them you can also find ideas for educational activities that you can do with your children. ”可知，本段的主旨是在网上寻找参考资料和帮助。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。林巧稚医生是中国一位了不起的女医生，文章讲述了这位伟大医生的生平事迹。
41．答案与解析：B 句意：18岁时，她没有走传统的婚姻之路，而是选择了学医。根据“she chose to study medicine”可知，此处是指她没有走传统的婚姻之路。
42．答案与解析：D 根据前文“Why should girls learn so much？”可知，他的哥哥认为女孩没必要学习太多东西，找到一个好丈夫应该是女孩的最终目标。上文的marriage也是提示。
43．答案与解析：A 根据“thinking of the high tuition fees”和前文“Why should girls learn so much？”可知，她的哥哥在抱怨。
44．答案与解析：A 根据“to study all my life”和前文“instead of following the ________ path of marriage, she chose to study medicine.”可知，林巧稚回应哥哥的抱怨，自己宁愿一辈子单身学习，不结婚。
45．答案与解析：C 根据“who invited her to stay”可知，她给美国同事留下了深刻的印象。
46．答案与解析：A 根据前文“who invited her to stay”和转折词however可知，林医生拒绝了这一提议。
47．答案与解析：C 根据前文“Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer.”可知，林医生想要回国报效祖国。
48．答案与解析：D 根据后文“because of the war.”和“Dr Lin opened a．..clinic”(林医生开了一家……诊所)可知，原来的医院关闭了。
49．答案与解析：A 句意：考虑到那些仍然需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所，对病人收取很低的费用。根据“Thinking of the people still in need of help”和“very low fees to treat patients”可知，此处是指这是林医生的私人诊所。
50．答案与解析：C 句意：考虑到那些仍然需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所，对病人收取很低的费用。根据“very low fees to treat patients”可知，此处是指对病人收取很低的费用。
51．答案与解析：C 句意：1954年，她被选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，在接下来的几年里，她担任了许多重要职位。 根据“In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress”可知，在此之后她担任了许多重要职位。
52．答案与解析：B 句意：然而，她更感兴趣的是照顾病人和培训下一代医生。 根据转折词however可知，前后构成转折关系，尽管她担任过很多重要职位，然而她更感兴趣的是照顾病人和培训下一代医生。
53．答案与解析：B 句意：虽然林巧稚从未结婚，但她被称为“万婴之母”，一生接生了5万多名婴儿。根据“having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime”可知，此处是指她被称为“万婴之母”。
54．答案与解析：D 句意：林医生直到1983年4月22日去世那天才退休。 根据前文“having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime”和“did not...until the day she died”可知，直到去世那天林医生才退休。
55．答案与解析：B 句意：她把积蓄留给了一所幼儿园，并为新医生设立了基金。 根据前文“training the next generation of doctors”可知，此处是指为新医生设立了基金。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学生村官黄文秀帮助家乡脱贫脱困的故事。
56．答案与解析：lost 句意：黄文秀是广西壮族自治区百色白尼村的一名官员，30岁时，她在开车上班的路上被一场山洪卷走，失去了生命。分析句子可知，句子主语为Huang Wenxiu，空格处为谓语动词，从句时态为一般过去时且根据at the age of 30可知，故填lost。
57．答案与解析：a 句意：2016年从北京师范大学获得硕士学位后，她没有在首都寻求职业发展，而是回到了她的家乡百色。分析句子可知，空格后为名词短语且是单数，此处需用冠词， 故填a。
58．答案与解析：where 句意：我在一个偏远的山村长大，那里很多人都在贫困中挣扎，我唯一的愿望就是为改善他们的生活尽自己的一份力。空格前有名词village，空格后为定语从句修饰该名词，village为先行词，表示地点，故填where。
59．答案与解析：to improve 句意：我在一个偏远的山村长大，那里很多人都在贫困中挣扎，我唯一的愿望就是为改善他们的生活尽自己的一份力。句子主语为all I wish，谓语动词为is to do，空格处动词为非谓语，表目的， 故填to improve。
60．答案与解析：its 句意：2015年，中国政府以全面建成小康社会为目标，在全国范围内加大脱贫攻坚力度。空格处修饰后面的名词campaign，此处需用形容词性物主代词。
61．答案与解析：was appointed 句意：黄文秀自愿加入基层扶贫工作，并于2018年被任命为白尼市委书记。句子主语为Huang，与动词appoint之间为被动关系，此处需用被动语态，且时间为一般过去时，故填was appointed。
62．答案与解析：importance 句意：黄文秀把种植橘子的技术引入了村子，扩大了种植面积，并强调了电子商务销售的重要性。短语“……的重要性”为the importance of，故填importance。
63．答案与解析：to 句意：多亏了黄文秀任职期间的努力，村集体经济迅速发展。短语thanks to意为“多亏了，由于”，故填to。
64．答案与解析：rapidly 句意：多亏了黄文秀任职期间的努力，村集体经济迅速发展。空格处修饰动词develop，故填rapidly。
65．答案与解析：decreasing 句意：全村88户中有418人脱贫，贫困率由22.88%下降到2.71%。此处为with引导的复合结构，动词decrease与the village's poverty rate之间为主动关系，故填decreasing。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
Ladies and gentlemen，
I'm Li Hua, it's my honor to make a speech with the title of “What Makes a Great Scientist？”
Everyone has an idol. Mine is Qian Xuesen, who is known as the father of China's aerospace. Personally, he was a pioneer who was determined to pursue his dreams. More importantly, he was patriotic and served our country with effort, achievement and devotion. All of this makes him a great scientist.
Undoubtedly, as a teenager, the successor of socialism should learn and pass on his scientific spirits as well as his perseverance in the face of frustrations.
第二节
【写作指导】
参考范文：
Onhearingthisquestion, Rahafeltawkward. However, she collected her courage to tell him the truth. “You are used to running barefoot That's amazing.” said Thomas, “But everybody has his way to do something, so just run in your own way.” Then he expressed his admiration and support to her. Raha was moved to tears the instant she heard what Thomas said. She also felt warm and encouraged. From then on, she devoted herself to practicing running every day, barefoot.
Onthedayoftherace, alltherunnerswerewearingprofessionalsuitsandshoesexceptRaha. She stood on the lane, barefoot. However, she was not feeling ashamed because that was her way to run. “Come on, Raha, you can make it！” It was Thomas who was cheering for her. Suddenly, she felt more confident. At last, she won the first prize and brought honor to her school. From then on, she could not only concentrate on studying and running, but she also stayed happy in the new school.
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了12岁的Raha在英国一所寄宿制学校学习。在学校，她有很多数学问题要解决，有论文要写，书要读。她也加入了学校跑步队，但Raha喜欢光着脚练习跑步。一天跑步时，Raha遇到了Thomas, Thomas问她为何光着脚跑步。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句内容“听到这个问题，Raha觉得很尴尬”可知，第一段可描写Raha向Thomas解释自己光着脚跑步的原因，并得到了对方的鼓励。
②根据第二段首句内容“比赛当天，除了Raha，所有的赛跑者都穿着职业套装和鞋子”可知，第二段可描写Raha在Thomas的鼓励下，跑步赢得了第一名，也获得了自信。
2．续写线索：Raha解释光脚跑步的原因——Thomas对她表示支持——Raha感动——参加比赛——赢得比赛——获得快乐
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Where are the two speakers
A．In a store. B．In a car. C．In the hospital.
2．When did the woman's son graduate
A．In 1980. B．In 1981. C．In 1982.
3．What is Jane doing now
A．Typing a letter. B．Changing her clothes. C．Having a meal.
4．What can we know about the woman
A．She cannot read. B．She has no watch. C．She is too busy.
5．What is the woman riding in
A．In a bus. B．In a taxi. C．On a plane.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟； 听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．What shall we do if something is wrong with the watch
A.Send it back to the factory. B．Have it repaired. C．Exchange it in the shop.
7．How much did the man pay for the watch
A．700 dollars. B．750 dollars. C．For free.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．How long will they stay there
A．5 weeks. B．3 weeks. C．We don't know.
9．How many rooms did they book
A．4. B．2. C．3.
10．What's the number for the single room
A．No. 9. B．No. 7. C．No. 6.
听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。
11．Where was the man when the murder happened
A．On the way to the station. B．On the way to work. C．On the way home.
12．When did the man arrive at the station
A．At 8：10. B．At 10：08. C．At 7：50.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How many countries has the man visited
A．5. B．4. C．3.
14．Why did the man visit them
A．In most cases, to work. B．In most cases, for holidays. C．In most cases, on business.
15．When did the man work in France
A．In 1950s. B．In 1960s. C．In 1970s.
16．How long did he work in France
A．A few weeks. B．A few months. C．A few years.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What's today's weather in general
A．Windy. B．Cloudy. C．Sunny.
18．Which is the highest temperature today
A．25 degrees. B．19 degrees. C．16 degrees.
19．How do you find the weather at night
A．Dry. B．Wet. C．Windy.
20．How many hours does the weather report probably cover
A．48. B．24. C．12.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
[2023·福州市高二适应性考试]Women scientists around the world have made significant contributions to Stem (science, technology, engineering, and maths). Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.
Wu Chienshiung (1912～1997)
Born in Taicang, Jiangsu province, Wu took part in the Manhattan Project which helped create the world's first nuclear weapon. Her famous Wu experiment overturned the theory of parity in physics. This breakthrough led to a Nobel Prize that was awarded to her male colleagues, but Wu's critical role in the work was overlooked.
Hedy Lamarr (1914～2000)
Austria born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self taught inventor. During the second world war, Lamarr together with George Antheil, a composer, developed a radio guidance system. The principle of their work is part of the basis of Bluetooth and wireless technology.
Katherine Johns (1918～2020)
African American NASA mathematician Johnson's calculations were critical in getting the first US astronauts to space and back safely. During her 33 year career at NASA, Katherine earned a reputation for mastering complex calculations and was referred to as a “human computer”．
Tu Youyou (1930—)
Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, Tu shared the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with two other foreign scientists, for her work in discovering artemisinin, a drug used to treat malaria. Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world. Tu is the first Chinese Nobel winner in physiology or medicine and the first female citizen of the PRC to win a Nobel Prize.
21．Besides being an inventor, Hedy Lamarr is also a (n)________．
A．composer B．producer C．actress D．mathematician
22．What is Tu Youyou's greatest contribution to the world
A．She treated people for cancer. B．She is the first Chinese Nobel winner.
C．Her discovery helped save millions. D．Her research project is one of a kind.
23．What do the four female scientists have in common according to the text
A．They shared the same interest. B．They each constructed a theory.
C．They were all awarded the Nobel Prize. D．They all made a difference to the world.
B
[2023·龙岩市高二第一学期联考]George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed on the farm, Shull received his early formal education off__and__on. However, it was supplemented (增补) by intense home study so that by 1892. He was teaching in a public school, and later attending Antioch College.
In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work. With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium. He also worked at the U.S. Bureau of Plant Industry as a botanical expert examining the plants and animals of Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sound. The data he collected during this time was to comprise his Ph. D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.
He began working on corn in 1905. Following Gregor Mendel's example, Shull obtained purebred (纯种的) lines of corn through self pollination (自花授粉). The pure bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University. With his encouragement, Princeton University Press began the publication of a new journal，Genetics. Shull was the managing editor for ten years. Genetics is still one of the top international science journals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.
24．What does the underlined part “off and on” in paragraph 1 mean
A．Not surprisingly. B．Very formally. C．Very excellently. D. Not regularly.
25．What's paragraph 2 mainly about
A．George Shull's contributions. B．George Shull's research.
C．George Shull's work experience. D．George Shull's education.
26．What was so special about Shull's method of corn breeding
A．It completely relied on self pollination. B．It was first published in Genetics.
C．It was widely accepted in Ohio. D．It focused on crossing pure bred lines.
27．How does the author mainly develop the text
A．By giving examples. B．By following time order.
C．By making comparisons. D．By presenting a scientific study.
C
[2023·山东师范大学高二上学期期中]“The failure to play is now a serious issue and it calls for action for change，” says Sir Ken Robinson, a leading expert in education, creativity and human development. This is the driving force behind Outdoor Classroom Day—a global teacher led campaign, supported by Dirt is Good, a company producing daily chemical products.
Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity. By now, Outdoor Classroom Day has grown from a grassroots movement to a global campaign that is expected to benefit five million children and over 40，000 schools from all around the world in 2018.
This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn. Today globally 61% of parents surveyed in the Dirt is Good Qualitative Study said that children don't know how to play without using technology.
Outdoor Classroom Day is making playing time happen, with 22% of participating schools having increased their playtime since joining the campaign. 93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.
Scientific studies show that real play—the active, physical, self directed play—is essential for children to develop key life skills that are not taught elsewhere. Few would question the value of developing creativity, leadership, resourcefulness, and curiosity.
28．What do children do on Outdoor Classroom Day
A．Have P．E. classes on the playgrounds.
B．Have a day off and go playing anywhere.
C．Learn and play by using natural things outside.
D．Play on their own without the teachers' guidance.
29．Why do children spend less time outdoors
A．Schools stop providing playgrounds. B．Adults ignore the importance of playtime.
C.Parents prefer to homeschool their children. D．Technology helps children learn better at home.
30．What's the school teachers' attitude towards the campaign
A．Opposed B．Cold C．Enthusiastic D．Favourable
31．What's the passage mainly about
A．To introduce an activity. B．To advertise a product.
C．To entertain the public. D．To persuade students to play.
D
[2023·湖北省部分高中高二上学期期中]Most people have no idea what to do with their old drugs. Unused or expired (到期的) medicines lying around at home can get into the wrong hands, leading to accidental poisoning or drug overdose. When drugs are flushed or sent to landfill, the medicines can pollute our groundwater, rivers, and streams, threatening human and sea life.
In an effort to find a solution for drugs kept in medicine boxes or waterways, the U．S. Drug Enforcement Administration launched its first National Take Back Day in September 2010. In the drug take back program, the returned drugs are sent to medical waste incinerators (焚烧炉). However, the process of transporting and burning such waste can release greenhouse gas emissions that could be potentially greater than those generated if the drugs were poured into landfills.
“But take back programs are preferred as they reduce the risk of drug misuse and the incineration effectively eliminates the entrance of these medicines into our nation's waters，” says Tim Carroll, a spokesperson for the U．S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Perhaps surprisingly, not all unused medicines need to be thrown away. Every year five billion dollars' worth of unexpired medicines end up being deserted in the U. S. “We're wasting a lot of medicines which are already paid for，” says Anandi Law, a patient engagement specialist. “Millions of U．S. adults skip or delay getting their prescriptions filled due to high costs. We could give them to somebody else who needs it.”
Now, at least 40 states have passed legislation establishing drug donation programs that allow drug manufacturers, medical and long term care facilities, and sometimes individuals to donate their unused drugs. For example, since its start in 2007, Iowa's program, SafeNetRx, has served more than 117，000 patients and redistributed nearly 54 million dollar worth of medicines and supplies. Georgia's program formally launched in 2018, and it has already filled prescriptions worth over 50 million dollars.
“All of these efforts are still relatively new，” Carroll says. “We still have a long way to go until households change their habits.”
32．What disadvantage of the drug take back program is mentioned in paragraph 2
A．It costs large amounts of money. B．It increases the greenhouse effect.
C．It can produce poisonous chemicals. D．It wastes lots of energy to deal with old drugs.
33．What is Tim Carroll's attitude towards the take back program
A．Cautious. B．Indifferent. C．Supportive. D．Disapproving.
34．What is Anandi Law's suggestion about unused and unexpired medicines
A．Sending them to landfills. B．Selling them at a low price.
C．Donating them to someone in need. D．Developing technologies to recycle them.
35．What do the numbers in paragraph 5 mainly indicate
A．The challenging task of SafeNetRx. B．The expense of recycling unused drugs.
C．The significance of health care facilities. D．The achievements of drug donation programs.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
[2023·辽宁省葫芦岛市高二联考]As a parent, you want your kids to do their best in school. You already know plenty of sleep, healthy food and some school supplies are necessary. However, what else do children need to be successful without a professional homework helper __36__
Keep it ordered.
__37__ Hence, have your kids keep ahead of their homework with an organized system. For example, they could use a scheduling application like Asana or Trello to manage projects with arranged dates, or they might stick to an old fashioned pen and a paper planner. See what works best for them and go from there.
Break projects down.
Many children get stressed out when they have big assignments due. __38__ Often people get frightened by the difficulty of tasks without understanding that the large task is actually just made up of smaller ones. Another solution is to use a project proposal to help keep them on track with homework and projects.
Avoid delaying tasks.
One mistake students usually make is postponing unpleasant work and deliberately looking for distraction. Teach your children that the workload isn't going to get smaller if they wait longer. __39__
__40__
There are a growing number of online references and homework resources. Not only will your children be better prepared for class the next day, but they'll also learn a valuable lesson about how to research and find information online. From them you can also find ideas for educational activities that you can do with your children.
A.Get help online.
B．Focus on homework.
C．Online applications are becoming more and more popular.
D．Here are some tips from educators and professionals for helping your children with it — both at home and school campus.
E．Organization is the key to success, because it can maximize efficiency.
F．Teach them to break larger projects into smaller pieces.
G．Instead, it will only become larger and seem more difficult to get started.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2023·山东省青岛地区高二上学期期中]Dr Lin Qiaozhi was an amazing woman doctor in China. At age 18, instead of following the __41__ path of marriage, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much Finding a good __42__ should be their final goal！” her brother __43__， thinking of the high tuition fees. She responded, “I'd rather stay __44__ to study all my life！”
Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) and became a doctor. Later, she was sent to study in the US. She greatly __45__ her American colleagues, who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, __46__ the offer. She wanted to serve the people at __47__.
In 1941, the hospital was __48__ because of the war. Thinking of the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a __49__ clinic (诊所) where she __50__ very low fees to treat patients. In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next years, she held many important __51__. However, she was more __52__ in tending patients and training the next generation of doctors.
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she __53__ the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not __54__ until the day she died, 22 April 1983. She left her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for new __55__.
41．A.smooth B．traditional C．essential D．complicated
42．A.job B．chance C．college D．husband
43．A.complained B．agreed C．advised D．explained
44．A.single B．poor C．young D．active
45．A.surprised B．excited C．impressed D．influenced
46．A.rejected B．thanked C．appreciated D．lost
47．A.hospital B．ease C．home D．once
48．A.gone B．rebuilt C．enlarged D．closed
49．A.private B．small C．modern D．special
50．A.paid B．reduced C．charged D．refused
51．A.meetings B．views C．positions D．shares
52．A.strict B．interested C．nervous D．anxious
53．A.regretted for B．was known as C．was in favor of D．was proud of
54．A.work B．struggle C．relax D．retire
55．A.times B．doctors C．medicine D．prize
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2023·河北省邢台市高二上学期第一次检测]Huang Wenxiu, an official in Baini village in Baise, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, 56.________ (lose) her life at the age of 30 when a flash flood swept her away as she was driving back to work.
After earning 57.________ master's degree from Beijing Normal University in 2016, Huang returned to Baise, her hometown, instead of seeking a career in the capital. “I grew up in a remote mountainous village 58.________ quite a number of folk are struggling with poverty, and all I wish is to do my part 59.________ (improve) their lives，” she once said.
With the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, the Chinese government stepped up 60.________ (it) nationwide campaign to remove poverty in 2015. Huang volunteered to join the grassroots poverty alleviation (基层扶贫) effort and 61.________ (appoint) Party chief of Baini in 2018.
Huang introduced tangerine (橘) growing techniques to the village, expanded the planting area and emphasized the 62.________ (important) of e commerce sales. Thanks 63.________ Huang's efforts during her time in office, the village collective economy developed 64.________ (rapid). 418 villagers from 88 households were lifted out of poverty, with the village's poverty rate 65.________ (decrease) from 22.88 percent to 2.71 percent.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
[2023·河北省保定市高二上学期期末]假设你是李华。为了响应国家“了解中国科技发展的伟大成就，坚定文化自信”的号召，你校计划举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist？”的演讲比赛，请你写一篇英语演讲稿参赛。内容包括：
1．列举一位伟大的科学家；
2．伟大的原因；
3．你的感想。
注意：
1．词数应为80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
[2023·厦门实验中学高二上学期期中]When she was twelve years old, Raha earned a scholarship to study at a boarding school in England. Her father told her to study hard and practice running every day in England. She nodded because that is much easier than staying happy in a completely new country. Several days later, she kissed her family and boarded the plane for England. As the plane took off, she looked out of the window at the goats and brown rivers of Kenya. She stared down at the green fields where she used to run like the wind, barefoot (赤脚的)．
At school in England, Raha had lots of math problems to solve, essays to write, and books to read. She also joined in the school running team. They were preparing for an important running race, in which runners from different schools took part. In order to practice running, her coach gave her a striped shirt, white shorts, shoes with cleats (防滑钉) and another pair with spongy soles (吸水鞋底) for cross country. Honestly speaking, she had always run barefoot at home, so the shoes felt tight. But all the other runners wore shoes and Raha didn't want to be different.
The team practiced every weekday afternoon. On Saturdays, everyone watched football—everyone but Raha. She would run alone on the country roads barefoot and run over fields thick with mud just as in her hometown. Each day at lunch, she would sit alone in the large dining hall, eating dishes totally strange to her and missing her family.
One Saturday, Raha ran up a hill and found herself in a barnyard. To her surprise, one of her classmates, Thomas, stood just inside the barn doors. After he greeted her, Raha asked, “Why aren't you watching football？”“I have to help my father，” said Thomas, “but why aren't you wearing your shoes？”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
On hearing this question, Raha felt awkward.________________________________________________________________________
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On the day of the race, all the runners were wearing professional suits and shoes except Raha.________________________________________________________________________
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单元素养评价(一)
第一部分
答案：
1—5 CCABB 6—10 CBBCA
11—15 BCABA 16—20 CCAAB
听力材料：
Text 1
W：Excuse me, sir. Visiting hours is over now. You must leave, so your wife can get some rest.
M：Pardon me, nurse. I didn't hear the bell or I would have left earlier.
Text 2
M：My son graduated from college in 1981. How about your son
W：He finished school a year after your son did.
Text 3
W：I'll go and change my clothes as soon as I finish typing this letter.
M：OK, Jane. Then we'll take my car and go out for a meal.
Text 4
M：Could you please tell me the time
W：No, I'm sorry. I don't have a watch.
Text 5
W：Hurry up please, or I'll be late!
M：Sorry, madam, but the traffic is thick at this time of day.
Text 6
M：I want a watch. Have you any good ones
W：We have a lot of them.
M：How much does this watch cost
W：Seven hundred and fifty dollars.
M：The price is rather high.
W：A good watch is very expensive.
M：Well, if I buy it and find it is not a good watch or goes wrong, will you exchange it
W：Certainly, I will promise to do that.
M：All right then, let us say seven hundred; I can't afford more.
W：Sorry sir, we can't let you have it for that.
M：Then I'll have it.
Text 7
W：Good morning, sir.
M：Good morning. Is this the Friendship Hotel
W：Yes. What can I do for you
M：Good. I'm Mr.White. We booked our rooms yesterday.
W：Just a moment, please. Yes, three single rooms and one double, for five people for three weeks. Am I right
M：No. You are not right. We'd like two double rooms and one single room.
W：I'm sorry. Two double rooms, Numbers Six and Seven. One single room, Number Nine.
M：Where are the rooms
W：On the second floor.
Text 8
M：At the time the murder took place, I was travelling on the 8 o'clock train to London.
W：Do you always catch such an early train
M：Of course I do. I must be at work at 10.
W：At what time did you arrive at the station
M：At ten to eight, I bought a paper and waited for the train.
W：And you didn't notice anything unusual
M：No.
Text 9
W：Have you travelled very much
M：Well, yes.
W：What countries have you visited then
M：I've been to Fiji. I've been to France, Switzerland, Italy and Ireland.
W：Why did you visit them Was this just for holidays, or work, or what
M：In most cases it was for holidays.
W：Have you ever worked abroad
M：Yes, I have. I worked in France for five or six years.
W：When was that
M：That was before I got married in the early 1960s.
Text 10
And now our weather report. Nice sunshine all day long today, soon becoming very warm, but there will be some relief from the heat with something of a breeze developing. Even so, the temperature will get up to 25℃ later today; it's already up to 19℃ now, at nine in the morning, and it'll go on rising. Very little cloud at any stage during the day, just a few clouds drifting around early in the afternoon, so we should end up the day with a good fourteen hours of sunshine going into the record books. That breeze is an easterly one that's going to keep the coastal areas a little bit cooler during the day but still quite pleasant. Over the night, clear, dry weather, still a little bit of the breeze and the temperature down to sixteen in central London and twelve or thirteen out of town.
第二部分
第一节
A
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了4名改变世界的女性科学家。
21．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Hedy Lamarr (1914～2000)中的“Austria born Lamarr starred in a lot of Hollywood films and made great success. She was also super smart and a self taught inventor.”可知，除了是一个发明家，海蒂·拉玛也是一个女演员。
22．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据Tu Youyou (1930—)中的“Her work has saved millions of lives all over the world.”可知，屠呦呦对世界最大的贡献是她的发现帮助拯救了数百万人。
23．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Here are four who pushed boundaries and changed the world.”可知，这四位女科学家共同之处是她们都对世界产生了影响。
B
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了著名植物学家George Shull的学习和工作经历以及重要成就。
24．答案与解析：D 词句猜测题。根据第一段第二句中的“Being needed on the farm” 可知，George Shull小时候需要做农活，所以无法正常接受正规教育。所以off and on意为“断断续续地，时不时地”。
25．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“With his knowledge of botany and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appointed as a botanical assistant at the U. S. National Herbarium.”和最后一句“And in 1904 he was appointed to be in charge of plant work at the Station for Experimental Evolution.”可知，第二段主要是讲George Shull的工作经历。
26．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“The pure bred lines were less healthy and productive, but when he crossed the pure bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any of the parents or those pollinated in the open fields. He immediately recognized the potential for using this strategy to improve crop yields.”可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。
27．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“George Shull was born in 1874 on a farm in Clark County, Ohio, and his knowledge of plants and hybrids came at an early age.” ，第二段第一句“In 1901, he graduated from Antioch and went to the University of Chicago to do graduate work.” ，第三段第一句“He began working on corn in 1905.” ，第四段第一句“In 1915, Shull accepted a professorship at Princeton University.” 和最后一段“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent most of their later years with their children and grandchildren.” 可知，这篇文章是按照时间顺序组织的。
C
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了一项名为“Outdoor Classroom Day”的活动，这项活动旨在通过增加孩子的玩耍时间，来提高孩子的创造力，充分发挥他们的潜力。
28．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第二段关键句“Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.”可知，在“户外课堂日”，孩子们把学习转移到教室外面，他们可以在这一天玩耍，或使用石头等自然物体来学习，由此可知，在“户外课堂日”，孩子们利用户外的自然事物学习和玩耍。
29．答案与解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段内容“This is helping to change the trend that sees many schools selling up or building on their playgrounds and cutting back on playtime to make more room for academic studies, while at home children's lives are increasingly filled with organized activities intended to help them learn.”可知，学校会减少孩子们的玩耍时间，为学业腾出更多空间，家长认为学习比玩耍重要，会给孩子安排更多的旨在帮助他们学习的活动，由此可知，孩子们在户外的时间更少了，是因为成年人忽视了游戏时间的重要性。
30．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段关键句“93% of teachers surveyed saw improvements in children's creativity after playing outside, and 97% believe that time outdoors is necessary for children to reach their full potential.”可知，多数教师认为在户外玩耍可以提高孩子的创造力，有助于充分发挥他们的潜能，由此可推断出，学校老师对这项运动的态度是支持的。
31．答案与解析：A 主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第二段关键句“Outdoor Classroom Day, taking place on 17th May and 1st November this year, will see schools around the world swap the inside for the outside and take learning into the playground and beyond to make playtime a key part of the school day. This might involve using natural objects like stones to do sums, or going on an insect hunt to encourage curiosity.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项名为“Outdoor Classroom Day”的活动，这项活动旨在通过增加孩子的玩耍时间，来提高孩子的创造力，充分发挥他们的潜力，“To introduce an activity.”意为“介绍一项活动。”能够概括文章主要内容。
D
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了过期药品怎么处理。
32．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“the process of transporting and burning such waste can release greenhouse gas emissions that could be potentially greater than those generated if the drugs were poured into landfills.”可知，药品回收计划加重了温室效应。
33．答案与解析：C 观点态度题。根据第三段第一句的“But take back programs are preferred as they reduce the risk of drug misuse and the incineration effectively eliminates the entrance of these medicines into our nation's waters”可知，蒂姆·卡罗尔对回收计划的态度是支持的。
34．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“We could give them to somebody else who needs it. ”可知，对于未使用和未过期的药物，Law建议把它们捐给有需要的人。
35．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。第五段提到的数字主要展示了药品捐赠工作取得的成绩。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助孩子成功的建议和方法。
36．答案与解析：D 根据上文“As a parent, you want your kids to do their best in school. You already know plenty of sleep, healthy food and some school supplies are necessary. However, what else do children need to be successful without a professional homework helper ”可知，上文提出了孩子们需要什么才能成功的问题，结合后文主要给出了建议， 故选D。
37．答案与解析：E 根据后文“Hence, have your kids keep ahead of their homework with an organized system. For example, they could use a scheduling application like Asana or Trello to manage projects with arranged dates, or they might stick to an old fashioned pen and a paper planner. See what works best for them and go from there. ”可知，后文提到了有组织的系统提前完成作业，可知本句是在强调有组织的重要性。 故选E。
38．答案与解析：F 根据上文“Many children get stressed out when they have big assignments due. ”以及后文“Often people get frightened by the difficulty of tasks without understanding that the large task is actually just made up of smaller ones. Another solution is to use a project proposal to help keep them on track with homework and projects. ”可知，后文提到了大任务其实是由小任务组成的，可知本句是在说明可以把大项目分化成小项目， 故选F。
39．答案与解析：G 根据上文“One mistake students usually make is postponing unpleasant work and deliberately looking for distraction. Teach your children that the workload isn't going to get smaller if they wait longer. ”可知，上文提到等待的时间更长，工作量不会减少，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明：相反，它只会变得更大，似乎更难开始。G选项中it指代上文the workload。
40．答案与解析：A 根据本段内容“There are a growing number of online references and homework resources. Not only will your children be better prepared for class the next day, but they'll also learn a valuable lesson about how to research and find information online. From them you can also find ideas for educational activities that you can do with your children. ”可知，本段的主旨是在网上寻找参考资料和帮助。
第三部分
第一节
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。林巧稚医生是中国一位了不起的女医生，文章讲述了这位伟大医生的生平事迹。
41．答案与解析：B 句意：18岁时，她没有走传统的婚姻之路，而是选择了学医。根据“she chose to study medicine”可知，此处是指她没有走传统的婚姻之路。
42．答案与解析：D 根据前文“Why should girls learn so much？”可知，他的哥哥认为女孩没必要学习太多东西，找到一个好丈夫应该是女孩的最终目标。上文的marriage也是提示。
43．答案与解析：A 根据“thinking of the high tuition fees”和前文“Why should girls learn so much？”可知，她的哥哥在抱怨。
44．答案与解析：A 根据“to study all my life”和前文“instead of following the ________ path of marriage, she chose to study medicine.”可知，林巧稚回应哥哥的抱怨，自己宁愿一辈子单身学习，不结婚。
45．答案与解析：C 根据“who invited her to stay”可知，她给美国同事留下了深刻的印象。
46．答案与解析：A 根据前文“who invited her to stay”和转折词however可知，林医生拒绝了这一提议。
47．答案与解析：C 根据前文“Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer.”可知，林医生想要回国报效祖国。
48．答案与解析：D 根据后文“because of the war.”和“Dr Lin opened a．..clinic”(林医生开了一家……诊所)可知，原来的医院关闭了。
49．答案与解析：A 句意：考虑到那些仍然需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所，对病人收取很低的费用。根据“Thinking of the people still in need of help”和“very low fees to treat patients”可知，此处是指这是林医生的私人诊所。
50．答案与解析：C 句意：考虑到那些仍然需要帮助的人，林医生开了一家私人诊所，对病人收取很低的费用。根据“very low fees to treat patients”可知，此处是指对病人收取很低的费用。
51．答案与解析：C 句意：1954年，她被选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，在接下来的几年里，她担任了许多重要职位。 根据“In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress”可知，在此之后她担任了许多重要职位。
52．答案与解析：B 句意：然而，她更感兴趣的是照顾病人和培训下一代医生。 根据转折词however可知，前后构成转折关系，尽管她担任过很多重要职位，然而她更感兴趣的是照顾病人和培训下一代医生。
53．答案与解析：B 句意：虽然林巧稚从未结婚，但她被称为“万婴之母”，一生接生了5万多名婴儿。根据“having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime”可知，此处是指她被称为“万婴之母”。
54．答案与解析：D 句意：林医生直到1983年4月22日去世那天才退休。 根据前文“having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime”和“did not...until the day she died”可知，直到去世那天林医生才退休。
55．答案与解析：B 句意：她把积蓄留给了一所幼儿园，并为新医生设立了基金。 根据前文“training the next generation of doctors”可知，此处是指为新医生设立了基金。
第二节
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了大学生村官黄文秀帮助家乡脱贫脱困的故事。
56．答案与解析：lost 句意：黄文秀是广西壮族自治区百色白尼村的一名官员，30岁时，她在开车上班的路上被一场山洪卷走，失去了生命。分析句子可知，句子主语为Huang Wenxiu，空格处为谓语动词，从句时态为一般过去时且根据at the age of 30可知，故填lost。
57．答案与解析：a 句意：2016年从北京师范大学获得硕士学位后，她没有在首都寻求职业发展，而是回到了她的家乡百色。分析句子可知，空格后为名词短语且是单数，此处需用冠词， 故填a。
58．答案与解析：where 句意：我在一个偏远的山村长大，那里很多人都在贫困中挣扎，我唯一的愿望就是为改善他们的生活尽自己的一份力。空格前有名词village，空格后为定语从句修饰该名词，village为先行词，表示地点，故填where。
59．答案与解析：to improve 句意：我在一个偏远的山村长大，那里很多人都在贫困中挣扎，我唯一的愿望就是为改善他们的生活尽自己的一份力。句子主语为all I wish，谓语动词为is to do，空格处动词为非谓语，表目的， 故填to improve。
60．答案与解析：its 句意：2015年，中国政府以全面建成小康社会为目标，在全国范围内加大脱贫攻坚力度。空格处修饰后面的名词campaign，此处需用形容词性物主代词。
61．答案与解析：was appointed 句意：黄文秀自愿加入基层扶贫工作，并于2018年被任命为白尼市委书记。句子主语为Huang，与动词appoint之间为被动关系，此处需用被动语态，且时间为一般过去时，故填was appointed。
62．答案与解析：importance 句意：黄文秀把种植橘子的技术引入了村子，扩大了种植面积，并强调了电子商务销售的重要性。短语“……的重要性”为the importance of，故填importance。
63．答案与解析：to 句意：多亏了黄文秀任职期间的努力，村集体经济迅速发展。短语thanks to意为“多亏了，由于”，故填to。
64．答案与解析：rapidly 句意：多亏了黄文秀任职期间的努力，村集体经济迅速发展。空格处修饰动词develop，故填rapidly。
65．答案与解析：decreasing 句意：全村88户中有418人脱贫，贫困率由22.88%下降到2.71%。此处为with引导的复合结构，动词decrease与the village's poverty rate之间为主动关系，故填decreasing。
第四部分
第一节
参考范文：
Ladies and gentlemen，
I'm Li Hua, it's my honor to make a speech with the title of “What Makes a Great Scientist？”
Everyone has an idol. Mine is Qian Xuesen, who is known as the father of China's aerospace. Personally, he was a pioneer who was determined to pursue his dreams. More importantly, he was patriotic and served our country with effort, achievement and devotion. All of this makes him a great scientist.
Undoubtedly, as a teenager, the successor of socialism should learn and pass on his scientific spirits as well as his perseverance in the face of frustrations.
第二节
【写作指导】
参考范文：
Onhearingthisquestion, Rahafeltawkward. However, she collected her courage to tell him the truth. “You are used to running barefoot That's amazing.” said Thomas, “But everybody has his way to do something, so just run in your own way.” Then he expressed his admiration and support to her. Raha was moved to tears the instant she heard what Thomas said. She also felt warm and encouraged. From then on, she devoted herself to practicing running every day, barefoot.
Onthedayoftherace, alltherunnerswerewearingprofessionalsuitsandshoesexceptRaha. She stood on the lane, barefoot. However, she was not feeling ashamed because that was her way to run. “Come on, Raha, you can make it！” It was Thomas who was cheering for her. Suddenly, she felt more confident. At last, she won the first prize and brought honor to her school. From then on, she could not only concentrate on studying and running, but she also stayed happy in the new school.
【分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了12岁的Raha在英国一所寄宿制学校学习。在学校，她有很多数学问题要解决，有论文要写，书要读。她也加入了学校跑步队，但Raha喜欢光着脚练习跑步。一天跑步时，Raha遇到了Thomas, Thomas问她为何光着脚跑步。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①根据第一段首句内容“听到这个问题，Raha觉得很尴尬”可知，第一段可描写Raha向Thomas解释自己光着脚跑步的原因，并得到了对方的鼓励。
②根据第二段首句内容“比赛当天，除了Raha，所有的赛跑者都穿着职业套装和鞋子”可知，第二段可描写Raha在Thomas的鼓励下，跑步赢得了第一名，也获得了自信。
2．续写线索：Raha解释光脚跑步的原因——Thomas对她表示支持——Raha感动——参加比赛——赢得比赛——获得快乐