UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Great European CitiesParis
Paris is the capital and largest city of France, situated① on the River Seine. It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and is visited by more than eight million tourists every year. The most popular place for tourists is the Eiffel Tower, the famous symbol of Paris. One of the world's largest art galleries②, the Louvre, is also located in Paris. The city is also famous for its restaurants, cafés and theatres. About two thirds of France's artists and writers live in Paris.
Barcelona
Barcelona is the second largest city of Spain and is situated on the northeast coast，about five hundred kilometres east of the Spanish capital，Madrid. One of Barcelona's most famous landmarks③ is the Church of the Sagrada Familia，which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926.The church hasn't been finished yet！
Florence
Florence is an Italian city which became famous because of the Renaissance④，a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years. During the Renaissance，some of the greatest painters of all time lived and worked in Florence. Many of Florence's most beautiful paintings and sculptures were produced by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Florence is visited each year by about a million tourists who come to see the art galleries，churches and museums. The Uffizi Palace is the most famous art gallery in the city.
Athens
Athens，the capital of Greece，is known as the birthplace⑤ of western civilisation⑥.Two thousand four hundred years ago，it was the world's most powerful city. Buildings such as the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill were built during this period. Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.
(选自外研版旧教材必修3 Module 1)
词汇积累
①situate/'s t ue t/vt.使位于，使处于……地位(位置) ②gallery/'ɡ l ri/n.画廊；美术馆
③landmark/'l nd mɑ k/n.标志性建筑 ④renaissance/r 'ne sns/n.文艺复兴
⑤birthplace/'b θ ple s/n.发源地；出生地 ⑥civilisation/ s v la 'ze n/n.文明
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
每/日/金/句：For young people, travel is part of education; For the elderly, travel is part of experience.—Bacon
对青年人来说，旅行是教育的一部分；对老年人来说，旅行是阅历的一部分。——培根
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What's the main idea of the passage
A．The author's impression of the food and music of Australia.
B．The author's experiences in Australia.
C.The author's impression of the people and culture of Australia.
D．The author's impression of the attractions of Australia.
2．Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Travelling in Australia
Part. 1 Preparing to (1) ________
Part. 2 First (2) ________
Part. 3 (3) ________ and the didgeridoo
Part. 4 Reflections on (4) ________
Task 2文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 14～15 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What does the phrase “down under” mean
A．Australia is surrounded by oceans.
B．Australia lies to the south of the equator.
C．Australia will be swallowed by rising sea water.
D.Australia has a lower ground level than other countries.
2．What is the focus of the Aborigines' music
A．Love. B．Nature.
C．History. D．Food.
3．How can a player change pitch when playing the didgeridoo
A．By changing his mouth shapes.
B．By breathing in more air.
C．By pressing the finger holes.
D．By closing his mouth tightly.
4．Why does the writer mention the slogan in the end
A.To show his disappointment at travelling.
B．To praise the effect of the advertising.
C．To remind visitors not to go to Australia.
D．To stress the beauty of Australia.
Task 3文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentence to describe the location of Australia.(细读短文并找出描写澳大利亚地理位置的句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the author's impression of Australia.(细读短文并找出描写关于作者对澳大利亚印象的句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Task 4阅读思维升华：主题实践
1.What are the characters of Australian food？(Critical Thinking批判性思维)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．What can we know about the Aborigines？(Critical Thinking批判性思维)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．Do you like to make friends with Australians？Why？(Creative Thinking创造性思维)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①do/conduct/undertake research on...对……进行研究/调查/探索
②located [l 'ke t d] adj.位于；坐落在
locate [l 'ke t] vt.找出……的准确位置；确定……的准确地点；把……安置在(或建造于)
location [l 'ke n] n．地方；地点；位置
③equator [ 'kwe t (r)] n．赤道
④refer to...as...把……称作……
⑤major in主修
⑥barbecue ['bɑ b kju ] n．[C](abbr. BBQ)户外烧烤
⑦typical ['t p kl] adj.典型的；有代表性的
typically adv.典型地；具有代表性地；通常；一般
⑧originally [' r d n li] adv.原来，起初
original adj.原来的；独创的；原作的 n．原件，原作
origin n．起源；源头；起因；身世；出身
⑨bakery ['be k ri] n．[C]面包(糕饼)店；面包厂
bake vt.&vi.(在烤炉里)烧烤；焙
⑩fast food joints快餐店
joint [d nt] n．[C]公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)
butcher ['b t (r)] n．[C]肉贩；屠夫
premier ['premi (r); NAmE pr 'm r] adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的
on the other hand另一方面
常与on the one hand连用，构成搭配，意为“一方面……，另一方面……”，用于引出对立的观点、思想等。
lead to导致；造成
herb [h b] n．[C]药草；香草；草木
Chinese inspired adj.受中国影响的
[构词法] inspired是形容词后缀，常用于名词、形容词以及副词后，构成形容词，表示“受……影响的”。
visible ['v z bl] adj.明显的；能注意到的；看得见的；可见的
[近义] obvious adj.明显的；显然的；易理解的
[反义] invisible adj.看不见的；隐形的
survive [s 'va v] vi.生存，存活，继续存在
survive from...从……中留存下来
survival n．[U]生存；存活；幸存；[C]残存物；幸存事物
in contact with...与……有联系/接触
skilled [sk ld] adj.有技能的；熟练的
be skilled in/at (doing) sth.
在(做)某事方面很娴熟
breathe in吸气
breathe out呼气
be convinced that...确信……
convinced adj.坚信的；深信的；确信的
convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的
convince [k n'v ns] vt.使确信；使信服；说服
complicated ['k mpl ke t d] adj.复杂的；难懂的
people在此意为“民族、种族”，为可数名词。
make up构成；组成
minority [ma 'n r ti] n．少数民族；少数派；少数；少数人
majority [m 'd r ti] n．大部分；大多数
be in a/the minority/majority
占少数/占多数；成为少数派/成为多数派
play a part in...在……中起作用；参与……
shape [ e p] vt.决定……的形成；影响……的发展；使成为……形状(或样子)；塑造
in shape状况良好
out of shape变形的；走样的；身体不好；不健康
in the shape of...以……的形式；呈……的形状
take shape成形
contribute [k n'tr bju t]vt. &vi.为……做贡献
contribute to有助于；促进；促成；向……捐献；是……的原因之一
contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠；捐助
either...or...要么……，要么……
personally speaking就个人而言
常置于句首，用于引出自己的观点和看法。
straightforward [ stre t'f w d] adj.坦率的；简单的
free and easy adj.不拘礼节的
feel at home舒适自在；无拘无束
[原文呈现]
25 Sep
Next week I'm travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays. I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences and what I learn 【1】. I have already done some research on① the country. Located② to the south of the equator③【2】， below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as④ “down under”【3】．
【1】此处为what引导的宾语从句，作record的宾语，what在从句中作learn的宾语。
【2】此处为形容词短语作状语。
【3】down under的字面意思是“底下”，这是澳大利亚的一个非正式的别称。down under还可以指新西兰。在实际使用中，down under还可以大写，即Down Under。
I have also read about some iconic sites, such as the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road, and animals like the cute koalas and kangaroos.I can't wait to see all of them! However, as I major in⑤ social studies, I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life.
1 Oct
I'm here in Sydney! Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first open air barbecue⑥ and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! A lot of typical⑦ Australian food, such as the Sunday roast, is originally⑧ British. Bakeries⑨， fast food joints⑩， butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. The influence of Asian cultures, on the other hand ， led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs ， along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese inspired dim sim.
3 Oct
My friend and I have arrived in Katherine, a town in Australia's Northern Territory. We're here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines, who are native to Australia. The Aboriginal population might be small, but its influence is still visible . For example, “Bondi” in “Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word meaning “water breaking over rocks”．
To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. This shows in their music, too, which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo．【4】
【4】此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰sticks。此处为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为their musical instruments。
The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow. To play the didgeridoo, you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips. Unlike a horn, there are no finger holes. The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch. A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument！
6 Oct
It's almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia.【5】I've enjoyed my time here very much. After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.【6】It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas．【7】
【5】本句属于“It's time for sb. to do...”句型，意为“到了某人做……的时候了”。
【6】本句为主从复合句。Although在此引导让步状语从句，句中包含with复合结构。
【7】本句中It为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。
Personally speaking ， what I like most about Australia is the people themselves．【8】They have a straightforward and free and easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went．【9】
【8】what在此引导主语从句，并在从句中作like的宾语。
【9】此处为wherever引导的让步状语从句。
After experiencing Australia, I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan：“There's nothing like Australia.”
[参考译文]
9月25日
趁学校放假，下周我要去澳大利亚拜访那边的一个朋友。我打算写博客来记录我的经历和见闻。我已经对澳大利亚做了一些研究。它位于赤道以南，在地图上看，它在很多国家的下方，通常被非正式地称为“down under”。
我也查阅了一些标志性景点的资料，如悉尼歌剧院和大洋路，还了解一些动物像是可爱的考拉和袋鼠。我等不及要去一睹为快了！然而，因为我主修社会科学，我更感兴趣的是结识澳大利亚人，体验他们的文化、食物和生活方式。
10月1日
我到悉尼了！自从来到这儿，我的朋友就带我参加了我的第一次露天烧烤，还和我分享了各种各样的美食，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的。许多澳大利亚风味的食物，如周日烤肉，都源于英国。面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐厅随处可见，提供一些世界一流的美食。另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚改良的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲药草。
10月3日
我和朋友来到澳大利亚澳北区的一个小镇——凯瑟琳。我们来这里是为了了解澳大利亚土著人的生活和习俗。澳大利亚土著人口可能很少，但其影响力还是显而易见的。例如，Bondi Beach(邦迪海滩)中的Bondi(邦迪)就是源于土著词语，意思是“水流冲击岩石”。
为了在这片海洋上的广阔土地生存，澳大利亚土著人必须与大自然保持密切往来。这也体现在他们的音乐当中，这些音乐赞美他们周围的自然和精神世界。他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
迪吉里杜管由中空的树枝制成。演奏时，你要把嘴唇放在一端，一边使嘴唇振动一边吹。它跟号不一样，没有指孔，吹奏者必须通过改变嘴形来变换音高。技艺高超的吹奏者能够长时间不停歇地吹奏。他是这样做到的，不断用鼻子吸气，同时用嘴将气息呼入迪吉里杜管。我试着学习吹奏迪吉里杜管。但经过几个小时的努力后，我确信我无法用这个乐器发出乐音。
10月6日
我差不多该和澳大利亚说再见了。我很享受在这里的时光。在这儿待了一段时间后，让我印象最深的是构成这个国家的复杂多样的民族和文化。尽管自1788年以来，它主要受西方文化的影响，但少数民族也为塑造澳大利亚独特的文化发挥了作用，同时移民也带来了新的文化影响力。据说，现在几乎一半的澳大利亚公民要么出生于海外，要么他们的父母出生于海外。
就个人而言，对于澳大利亚，我最喜欢的是当地人。他们对待生活的态度率真洒脱，无论我走到哪里，他们的友好和热情都让我感到宾至如归。
亲身体验了澳大利亚之行后，我不得不说我赞同这句旅游宣传语——“澳大利亚，尽是不同”。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．be located to the south of the ________ 位于赤道以南
2．have a ________ 来一次户外烧烤
3．________ shops 肉店
4．________ food experiences 顶级的饮食体验
5．make a ________ effort 共同努力
6．Chinese medicinal ________ 中草药
7．a ________ character 一种坦率的性格
8．an empty ________ 一个空洞的口号
9．a ________ pumpkin lantern 一个空心南瓜灯
10．set up her own ________ 开办她自己的面包店
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [fa n'de n] n．创建；基础；地基；基金会→found vt.建立；创建
2．________ [p 'l t kl] adj.政治的→politics n．政治(学) →politician n．从政者；政治家
3．________ [l 'ke t d] adj.位于；坐落在→location n．位置→locate vt.使坐落于 vi.定位；定居
构词规律
1. ation常用于动词之后构成名词
found v．→foundation n. 创建；基础
explore v．→________ n．勘查
explain v．→________ n．解释
examine v．→________ n．考试
2．t→ce形容词变名词
violent adj.→violence n．暴力
important adj.→________ n．重要性
intelligent adj.→________ n．智力
absent adj.→________ n．缺席
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 迫不及待做……
2．________________ 把……称作
3．________________ 主修
4．________________ 原产于
5．________________ 导致
6．________________ 和……有联系
7．________________ 吸气/呼气
8．________________ 起作用；在……中担任角色
9．________________ 舒适自在
10．________________ 组成；编造；弥补；化妆；和好；铺床
11．________________ 就个人而言
12．________________ 查阅
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]动词不定式作目的状语
[教材]________________________，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.
为了在这片广阔的海洋陆地上生存，土著居民必须与大自然保持密切联系。
2．[句型]“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
[教材]Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，________________________ called the didgeridoo.
他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
3．[句型]It is said that... 据说……
[教材]________________________ overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在几乎一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生，就是父母在海外出生。
4．[句型]what引导主语从句
Personally speaking, ________________________ is the people themselves.
就我个人来说， 澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
1.
[译文] ____________________________________________
2.
[译文]______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3.
[译文]_____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材原句)foundation n．创建；基础；地基
(1)lay the foundation for 给……打下基础；为……奠定基础
without foundation 无根据的
(2)found vt. 建立；创建
(3)founder n. 建立者
[佳句] Respect and friendship provide a solid foundation for marriage.
尊重和伴侣关系是婚姻的牢固基础。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①She plans to start a ________ (found) for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.
②It is said that his father is one of the ________ (found) of that organization.
③Tsinghua University ________ (found) in 1911 is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
[写美]——语言学习之建议信
④首先，你不妨学一门汉语课程，打好基础。
First, you might as well take a Chinese course ________________．
2(教材原句)Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南， 并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。
◎located adj.处于，位于；坐落的
(1)be located in/on/at/to 位于；坐落于
(2)locate vt. 找出……的位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于)
(3)location n. 位置；地点；外景拍摄场地
[佳句] On the one hand, it is more convenient for people to get to Shanghai Museum which is located in the center of the city.
一方面，到达坐落于市中心的上海博物馆对人们来说更加方便了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①________(locate) where the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
②In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre was donated to our town, the ________ (locate)was considered a poor area of town.
[写美]——句式升级
③Sichuan Province is located in the southwestern part of China. It has many world famous places of interest.
→________________ the southwestern part of China, Sichuan Province has many world famous places of interest. (非谓语动词作状语)
◎refer to...as...称……为……
(1)refer to 指的是；提到，说到，涉及；查阅，参考
refer...to... 把……委托/交付给……
(2)in/with reference to 关于
[佳句] The chairwoman was referred to as one of the most excellent businesswomen in this field.
这位女董事长被认为是这一领域最优秀的女企业家之一。
[练通]——写出下列句中refer to的含义
④Unless necessary，you'd better not refer to the dictionary.________________
⑤We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.________________
⑥As the situation was unusual, he referred the matter to the editor.________________
[写美]——应用文之短文投稿
⑦被称为“钢铁玫瑰(Steel Roses) ”的中国女足运动员近来赢得了我们的崇拜和尊重。
________________， the Chinese woman soccer team players, have won our worship and respect recently.
[指津] refer的过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：referred, referred, referring。
3(教材原句)However, as I major in social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
但是由于我的专业是社会研究，所以我更感兴趣的是去接触澳大利亚的人们，体验他们的文化、食物和生活方式。
◎major in 主修
(1)major adj. 主要的；主修的
n. 主修科目；专业
vi. 主修
(2)majority n. 大部分；大多数；大半
in a/the majority 占大多数
a/the majority of 大多数……
(3)minority n. 少数；少数派；少数人
[佳句] In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world.
事实上，他鼓励我在大学主修英语，做沟通中国和世界的桥梁。
[练通]——单句语法填空/翻译加黑词块
①First and foremost, since I plan to major ________ gardening in the university, having some practical knowledge ahead will be of great benefit.
②The ________ (major) think sharing housework is beneficial, which relieves our parents from housework burden and gives us mental relaxation from study.
③Their victory in America was still remembered as a major turning point in the history of rock and roll.________________
[写美]——词汇升级
④A recent survey suggests that most students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
→A recent survey suggests that ________________________ students tend to learn English by listening to English songs.
4(教材原句)To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contactwith nature.
为了在海洋中的这片广阔的陆地上生存，土著人必须与大自然保持密切联系。
◎in contact with 与……联系
(1)out of contact with 与……失去联系
have/keep/lose/make contact with 与……有联系/保持联系/失去联系/建立联系
make contact with＝get in/into contact with 与……取得联系
(2)contact sb.at... 通过(邮箱电话等)与某人联系
[佳句] Instantly you arrive in Beijing, you'd better get in contact with him as soon as possible.
你一到北京，就最好尽快和他取得联系。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①如果你想要更多的细节，请与我联系。
If you want more details, ____________________．
②如果你想了解这个活动的更多细节，请通过123456543 联系李华。
If you want to know more details about the activity, ____________________ at 123456543 .
5(教材原句)The influence of Asian cultures，on the other hand，led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese inspired dim sim.
另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲药草。
◎on the other hand (可是)另一方面
on (the) one hand...；on the other hand... 一方面……；另一方面(却)……
first(ly)．..；second(ly)．.. 第一……；第二……
for one thing...；for another... 一则……；二则……
[佳句] On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions.
另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①________ the other hand，they can enrich my life and provide me with great fun.
②I'm not going to buy it；for one thing I don't like the color, and for ________ it's far too expensive.
[写美]——应用文之环境保护
③一方面我们应该发展经济；另一方面我们应该保护环境。
On (the) one hand，we should develop the economy；________________________．
6(教材原句)Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
◎句型公式：“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词＋which”。
(1)one/two/several/most/each/all/both of which/whom
(2)the＋名词＋of which/whom
[佳句] Last Sunday the Labor Day was held, of which the purpose is to raise our awareness of the importance of labor.
上周日举行了劳动节，其目的是提高我们的劳动意识。(新闻报道)
[写美]——句式升级
①I have actively attended English lectures. I have a good knowledge of British and American cultures from them.
→I have actively attended English lectures, ________________________________．(定语从句)
②The activity raises our awareness of caring about nature. Its aim is to draw our attention to environmental protection.
→The activity, ________________________，raises our awareness of caring about nature.
→The activity, ________________________，raises our awareness of caring about nature.
7(教材原句)It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生，就是他们的父母在海外出生。
◎句型公式：It is said that...意为“据说……”
(1)It is said that ...据说……。在此句型中it为形式主语，that引导的句子是真正的主语。类似句型还有：
It is thought that... 大家认为……
It is believed that... 人们相信……
It is hoped that... 人们希望……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is supposed that... 据推测……
(2)此类句型可以改为“主语＋is said/thought/reported...＋不定式”
[佳句] It's said that the program of Readers is popular with many Chinese learners.
据说《朗读者》节目深受很多汉语学习者的欢迎。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①It is hoped ________ these suggestions would be of great help to you.
②It is reported ________ many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.
[写美]——句型转换
③People believe that he is one of the best basketball players of China.
→________________ he is one of the best basketball players of China.
→He ________________ one of the best basketball players of China.
UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1
1．答案：B 2.travel impressions Aborigines multiculturalism
Task 2
1．答案：B 2. 答案：B 3. 答案：A 4. 答案：D
Task 3
1．答案：Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
2．答案：(1)After being here for a while，my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.
(2)Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.They have a straightforward and free and easy attitude towards life，and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
Task 4
1．答案：Australian food is various, many of which come from Britain. It can provide some of premier food experiences in the world. It is also influenced by Asian culture.
2．答案：Its population is small but its influence is still visible. The Aborigines has to be in close contact with nature, which can be seen from its music.
3．答案：Yes, I like to. Because Australians are generally straightforward, friendly and enthusiastic and free and easy attitude towards life.
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．equator 2.barbecue 3.butcher 4.premier 5.joint
6．herb 7.straightforward 8.slogan 9.hollow 10.bakery
Ⅱ.
1．foundation 2.political 3.located
构词规律
1．exploration; explanation; examination
2．importance; intelligence; absence
Ⅲ.
1．can't wait to do... 2.refer to...as... 3.major in 4.be native to 5.lead to 6.in contact with 7.breathe in/out
8．play a part in 9.feel at home 10.make up 11.personally speaking 12.refer to
Ⅳ.
1．To survive in this vast land on the ocean
2．among which there is an amazing instrument
3．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born
4．what I like most about Australia
Ⅴ.
1．(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。
2．为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。
3．他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①foundation ②founders ③founded ④to lay a solid foundation
2．①Located ②location ③Located in
④查阅/参考 ⑤提及 ⑥把……提交给…… ⑦Referred to as Steel Roses
3．①in ②majority ③一个重要的转折点 ④the majority of
4．①don't hesitate to contact me ②please contact/get in contact with Li Hua
5．①On ②another ③on the other hand，we should protect the environment
6．①from which I have a good knowledge of British and American cultures ②the aim of which is to draw our attention to environmental protection; whose aim is to draw our attention to environmental protection
7．①that ②that ③It is believed that; is believed to beSection Ⅱ Learning About Language
每/日/金/句：Travel makes wise men wiser and fools more ignorant. —Toto Fuller
旅游使智者更智，愚者更昧。 ——托托福勒
语言基础集释
1(教材原句)Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the government to help protect their cultural heritage.
中国的少数民族通常有权获得政府的专项资金，以帮助保护他们的文化遗产。
◎entitle vt.给……命名；使享有权利
(1)entitle sb.to sth. 赋予某人某事或拥有某物的权利
entitle sth.... 把……命名为……
entitle sb.to do sth. 赋予某人做某事的权利
(2)title n. 标题；头衔
[佳句] Every child in our country is entitled to free education at school.
在我国，每个孩子都有权在学校接受免费教育。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Excellent performance in the college entrance examination entitled him ________ (admit) into a key university.
②The book, ________ (entitle) Read Poetry and Learn History by Wang Chunyong, is suitable for the foreigners to learn classical Chinese poetry.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③她于2004年首次获得了世界冠军的称号。
She ________________ of the world's champion in 2004 for the first time.
2(教材原句)Unfortunately, elephants are endangered in Thailand, but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom.
不幸的是，在泰国大象濒临灭绝，但已经建立起专门的公园来保护它们的安全和自由。
◎freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态
(1)have the freedom of .../to do sth. 有(做)……的自由
(2)be free to do sth. 自由做某事
(3)set... free 释放……；使……获得自由
free from/of... 不受……影响的；无……的
free... from... 使摆脱；从……中解脱
for free/free of charge 免费
[佳句] Our country is a place where freedom of speech is guaranteed, so citizens can often hear different ideas.
我们国家是一个言论自由得到保障的地方， 所以公民经常可以听到不同的想法。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①People from all walks of life should build a society where they keep their children free ________ violence.
②But such commitment can also weaken a sense of ________ (free)．
[写美]——一句多译
最使我满意的是我有选择所喜欢东西的自由。
③What satisfies me most is that ________________________．(freedom)
④What satisfies me most is that ________________________．(free)
语法专项突破
复习过去分词
[自主感知]
①Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
②I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
③Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
④A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
⑤I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
⑥Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants.
[我的发现]
1．句②和句⑤中为单个的过去分词作________。
2．句④中为单个的过去分词作定语， 常常放于被修饰名词的________；句③中为过去分词短语作定语， 常常放于被修饰名词的________。
3．句⑥中为过去分词短语作________。
[语法规则]
过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成或被动含义，可带状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。
一、过去分词作定语?
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
1．表示被动和完成
This science fiction published last year is popular with young men.
去年出版的这本科幻小说深受年轻人的欢迎。
The appointment made yesterday was cancelled because of an urgent event.
由于紧急的活动昨天的预约被取消了。
2．表完成，不表示被动
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
地上有很多落叶。
[名师指津] 过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：
(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。
①The herb planted last year is thriving in the garden.去年种的草药在园子里欣欣向荣。
②The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是在2016年建造的。
(2)过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
①The building built last year is our classroom building.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
②The building being built now is our classroom building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
③The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
[巧学活用1]——单句语法填空
①FitnessMagazine recently ran an article ________ (title) “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.”
②In the sciences and arts, those ________ (praise) as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin.
③At the start of the 20th century, an American engineer ________ (name) John Elfreth Watkins made predictions about life today.
④Tell the children ________ (play) outside not to make too much noise.
⑤The players ________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
二、过去分词作表语?
位于系动词(如be, get, become, look, feel, seem等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。
①Seeing his figure disappearing into thick evergreen forest, I felt relieved.
看着他的身影消失在茂密的常绿森林中，我感到如释重负。
②Knowing that you're going to visit our city with your parents, I'm pleased to give you some suggestions.
知道你要和你的父母一起来我们的城市，我很高兴给你一些建议。
③The whole world is shocked and sorrowful with the death of Yuan Longping.
全世界对袁隆平的去世感到震惊和悲伤。
[名师指津] 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
①The cup is broken. 杯子破了。(系表结构)
②The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)
[巧学活用2]——单句语法填空
①It was only the next day when he was about to take bath, he remembered the watch was ________ (lose)．
②While rock climbing, you need to remain very ________ (focus) so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
③Everything that happens next during the procedure must be ________ (relate) to this story.
④My childhood was ________ (fill) with arts, crafts and music, and every day was an exciting adventure of creation.
三、过去分词作宾语补足语?
过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。以下是几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)。
1．表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see, watch, observe, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice等。
The premier was glad to see this political problem solved in a peaceful way.
总理很高兴看到这个政治问题以和平方式得到解决。
2．表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have, make, get, keep, leave等。
If you want to make yourself respected, you are above all to respect others.
如果你想让自己被尊重，你必须首先尊重别人。
[名师指津] “have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种含义
(1)表示“让某人做某事”
I'll have my hair cut tomorrow.明天我要去理发。
(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”
He had his wallet stolen.他的钱包被偷了。
(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)
I had my house repaired last week.
上周，我修补了房子。
3．表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like, want, wish, order等。
This salesman would like this matter settled at once. 这位售货员希望此事立刻得到解决。
4．with的复合结构中
With my homework finished, I went fishing with my father.做完家庭作业后，我和爸爸去钓鱼了。
[巧学活用3]——单句语法填空
①Every night it goes on the web，keeping parents and the world ________ (inform) of the happenings at Pali.
②Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ (lose) for words.
③These include plants that have sensors ________ (print) onto their leaves to show.
④They make great gifts and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
⑤I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ________ (take)．
⑥With the company ________ (take) over by the talented young man, it will have a promising future.
四、过去分词(短语)作状语?
表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1．作时间状语
过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个when, while, after, once等引导的时间状语从句。
Seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful.
When it is seen from the top of the mountain, the whole town looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。
2．作原因状语
过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。
①Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.
＝Because he was inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits.
在热情和鼓励的鼓舞下，大卫兴高采烈地加快了步伐。
②Absorbed in writing a science fiction, John didn't notice evening approaching.
＝Because John was absorbed in writing a science fiction, John didn't notice evening approaching.
由于专心写科幻小说，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
3．作条件状语
过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Given another chance, he will be superior to his brother.
＝If he is given another chance , he will be superior to his brother.
再给他一次机会，他会做得比他哥哥更好。
4．作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个though, although, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running, he went on running after the pet dog.
＝Although he was exhausted by the running, he went on running after the pet dog.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他还是继续追赶着宠物狗。
5．作方式或伴随状语
过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。
A man shouted back as he ran to me, followed by my girlfriend breathlessly.
＝A man shouted back as he ran to me, and he was followed by my girlfriend breathlessly.
一个男人一边向我跑过来，一边喊着回应，我女朋友上气不接下气地跟在他后面。
[名师指津] 过去分词作状语的注意事项
(1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless, until, once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。
If (I am) invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend. 如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。
(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
Caught, the thief will be punished by the police. (caught的逻辑主语为the thief)
小偷如果被抓，就会受到警方的处罚。
(3)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased, disappointed等。
Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word.
因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。
[巧学活用4]——句型转换
①As I was moved by their speech，I was at a loss what to say.
→________________， I was at a loss what to say.
②Although it was built before the war, the engine is still in perfect order.
→________________， the engine is still in perfect order.
③When they were asked who had broken the window, the children all kept silent.
→________________， the children all kept silent.
④She was seated at the back of the classroom and didn't talk to anyone.
→________________， she didn't talk to anyone.
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
Part 1 语言基础集释
1．①to be admitted ②entitled ③won the title
2．①from ②freedom ③I have the freedom to choose what I like ④I am free to choose what I like
Part 2 语法专项突破
[我的发现]
1．表语
2．前面 后面
3．宾语补足语
[巧学活用1]
①titled ②praised ③named ④playing ⑤selected
[巧学活用2]
①lost ②focused ③related ④filled
[巧学活用3]
①informed ②lost ③printed ④decorated ⑤taken ⑥taken
[巧学活用4]
①Moved by their speech
②Built before the war
③Asked who had broken the window
④Seated at the back of the classroomSection Ⅲ Using Language
每/日/金/句：If you don't go to travel, you will miss more than just scenery. 如果你不去旅行，错过的不只是风景。
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the text( P19～21), then choose the best answer.
1．What can we infer from the last two sentences of the first part
A．Kangaroos can be dangerous sometimes.
B．It is hard to take kangaroos as family pets.
C．Meeting kangaroos is always a lucky thing.
D．It is always good to pet a cute kangaroo.
2．When does a kangaroo try to be independent
A．After they were born for ten days.
B．Until they can dive under the water.
C．Since they were born immediately.
D.When they are about seven or eight months old.
3．What's the main idea of the passage
A．The kangaroos of Australia.
B．The koalas of Australia.
C．The creatures unique to Australia.
D．The duck billed platypus of Australia.
4．What do we know about Tasmanian devils
A．They are aggressive against humans.
B．They frighten their prey to death.
C．They belong to a rat family.
D．They make loud and frightening noise.
[读文清障]
①unique to(某地或某人)独具的；特有的
②symbol ['s mbl] n．[C]象征
③distribution [ d str 'bju n] n．[U，C]分布；分配
④tough [t ] adj.坚强的；健壮的；能吃苦耐劳的；坚韧不拔的
⑤resolve [r 'z lv] n．[熟词生义][U]决心；坚定的信念
⑥individual [ nd 'v d u l]n．[C]个人
⑦at birth出生时
⑧temporary ['tempr ri]adj.暂时的；短暂的
⑨phase [fe z] n．[C]阶段；时期
during the first/next/last phase在第一阶段/下一阶段/最后阶段
the initial/final phase of...……的初始阶段/最后阶段
⑩encounter with...与……的相遇
encounter [ n'kaunt (r)]n．[C](意外、突然或暴力的)相遇；邂逅；遭遇；冲突
against the law违法
clarify [kl r fa ] vt.使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清
clarify a(n)...situation/problem/issue澄清……情况/问题
panic ['p n k] vi. &vt.(panicked, panicked, panicking)(使)惊慌
in panic惊慌地
trunk [tr k] n．[C]树干
interaction with.../between...与……的互动/……之间的互动
interaction n．[C，U]互动；相互影响；相互作用
interact[ nt r' kt] vi.交流；沟通；合作；相互影响；相互作用
interact with...与……交流/沟通
make laws against (doing) sth.制定法律禁止(做)某事
in the interest(s) of sth.为了……的利益
The race was put off in the interests of safety.为了安全起见，比赛延期了。
pick up拿起；举起；提起
licensed ['la snst] adj.得到正式许可的
license ['la sns] vt.批准；许可
n.[C](＝licence)许可证；执照
session ['se n] n．[C]一场；一段时间
in a(n) ...state处于……的状态
handle ['h ndl] vt.(用手)触；拿；搬动
limited ['l m t d] adj.有限的
frequency ['fri kw nsi]n．[C，U]频率
frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的
come across(偶然)遇见；碰见；发现
the dead意为“死者”。“the＋形容词”表示一类人，为复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
mostly['m stli]adv.主要地；一般地；通常
violent['va l nt]adj.暴力的；猛烈的
violently adv.强烈地；激烈地
violence n．[U]暴力；暴行
nest[nest]n.[C]巢穴；鸟窝
primitive['pr m t v]adj.原始的；人类或动物发展早期的；远古的
biology[ba ' l d i]n.生理；生物学
hatch [h t ] vi.孵出；破壳
nurse [n s] vi.[熟词生义] 吃奶；吸奶
bill [b l] n．[熟词生义]鸟嘴；喙
capacity [k 'p s ti]n．[C，usually sing.，U]能力
capacity for (doing)sth./capacity to do sth.做某事的能力
a handful of少数人(或物)
[原文呈现]
THE AMAZING ANIMALS OF AUSTRALIA
Our topic today is“Creatures Unique to① Australia”，with questions answered by wildlife expert, Dr Jim Smith．【1】
【1】此处为with复合结构，在句中作状语。questions与answer之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处用过去分词形式。Dr Jim Smith是wildlife expert的同位语。
Australia has lots of unique animals, but which animal is a symbol② of the country
It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution③ throughout the country. It's a tough④ animal that has to survive in a difficult environment. Also, it cannot walk backwards, so it is always moving forwards. This expresses the strength and resolve⑤ of the Australians as individuals⑥ and as a nation. Baby kangaroos weigh only two grammes at birth⑦. They then find their way into their mother's pouch—a kind of pocket—to stay safe and warm. They sleep and drink milk in that temporary⑧， protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old．【2】 After this phase⑨， they go out to try their legs. After they learn to jump, they gradually spend less time with their mother and learn to be independent. Kangaroos may look cute, but encounters with⑩ them don't always end so well.【3】 Kangaroos can hit and kick very hard, so please folks, if you see some kangaroos, remember they're not for petting!
【2】此处为until引导的时间状语从句。
【3】本句为but连接的并列句，but后的分句包含部分否定。
Koalas are cute, and we see so many pictures of people holding them. But in many places in Australia, it is against the law to even touch them. Can you clarify that
They are really quite cute, but the truth is, koalas are very sensitive creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. They spend quite a lot of time eating, sleeping, and hanging onto tree trunks ， so interaction with humans can cause them a lot of stress. Because of this, the government began to make laws against touching koalas, in the interest of animal protection, as well as public safety. So, if you see one in the wild, you shouldn't approach it to pick it up or even touch it. If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos where animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
So, we've talked about some cute animals. What about animals which aren't so cute
My favourite is a little creature called the Tasmanian devil. If you are out camping in Tasmania and come across one, the experience might scare you! Tasmanian devils hunt at night, so you won't usually see them, but you may hear their loud cries when they are fighting or eating. The noise they make could wake the dead. 【4】 Frightening! They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats. They also have a terrible smell! Their diet is mostly dead animals. Fortunately, despite their name, they are generally not violent towards people.
【4】wake the dead是一种夸张的修辞手法。英语中还有很多使用夸张手法的表达。如：
She wept oceans of tears.她泪如泉涌。
The money was spent in the blink of an eye.一眨眼的工夫，钱就花完了。
I have given my last ounce of strength to my work.我对我的工作已竭尽全力了。
Look at the floor! Mountains of rubbish have been thrown there.看看地面！扔的垃圾都堆成山了。
Australia also has some animals that many people have never heard of, for example, the duck billed platypus. Is that some kind of bird
Not at all. While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, 【5】it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology . Its eggs hatch after about ten days, and then the baby platypus nurses from its mother like all other mammals. Its nose looks like a duck's bill , and it has feet like a duck's so it can dive under the water, but it's covered in hair. Do you know what's really strange about a platypus The platypus doesn't use its senses of sight or smell to find food. It has a capacityB35to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill. There are only a small handful ofB36animals in the world that can do that!
【5】此处为While引导的让步状语从句。
[参考译文]
澳大利亚的神奇动物
我们今天(谈论)的主题是“澳大利亚独有的动物”，野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答了我们的问题。
澳大利亚有许多独特的动物，但哪一种是该国的象征呢？
那一定是袋鼠，因为它们广泛分布在澳大利亚各地。袋鼠是一种身体强壮的动物，它们不得不在艰难的环境中生存。此外，它无法倒着走，所以总是在向前移动。这表现了澳大利亚人作为个体和一个民族时的力量与决心。小袋鼠出生时只有两克重，然后会自己爬到母亲的育儿袋(形似口袋)中，里面安全又温暖。大约七八个月大之前，它们一直待在那个暂时受保护的环境里睡觉和吃奶。过了这个阶段，它们就会出去，试着用自己的双腿(行动)。学会跳跃以后，它们跟妈妈共度的时间就逐渐变少了，(开始)学着独立。袋鼠可能看起来很可爱，不过遇到它们的结局并不总是那么好。袋鼠踢打攻击的力度非常大，所以，各位如果看到一些袋鼠，请记住千万别去抚摸它们！
考拉很可爱，并且我们看到许多人怀抱考拉的照片。但是在澳大利亚的很多地方，连碰一下考拉都是违法的。你能说明一下那一点吗？
它们的确十分可爱，但事实是，考拉是极其敏感的动物，哪怕环境发生细微的变化，也容易引起它们的恐慌。它们花大量的时间吃饭、睡觉、怀抱树干，因此与人类的互动会给它们带来很多压力。出于这点考虑，政府开始立法禁止触摸考拉，这是为了公共安全，也是为了保护考拉。因此，你如果在野外看到考拉，不应该靠近去抱它，甚至触摸它。你如果想抱考拉的话，就必须去得到正式许可的动物园，那里的动物专家会确保每次挑选出来的考拉都处于良好状态，可以跟人类接触，同时确保考拉被人触摸的时间和次数在一定限度内。
好，我们聊完了一些可爱的动物，那些不那么可爱的动物怎么样呢？
我最喜欢一种叫袋獾的小动物。你如果在塔斯马尼亚露营并遇到一只袋獾的话，可能会吓一大跳！它们晚上捕食，所以你通常不会看到它们。但是它们打架或进食时，你可能会听到它们响亮的叫声。它们发出的声音可以吵醒死人。太吓人了！袋獾跟小狗体型相当，外表酷似巨大的黑老鼠。它们多以动物尸体为食，会散发出难闻的气味！幸运的是，它们虽被人叫作“恶魔”，但一般不会攻击人类。
澳大利亚还有一些很多人从未听说过的动物，比如鸭嘴兽，那是一种鸟吗？
完全不是。虽然它可以像鸟一样在巢里产卵，但它确实是一种原始哺乳动物，具有独特的生物学特性。它的卵大约十天孵化完成，然后小鸭嘴兽会跟所有其他的哺乳动物一样吃妈妈的奶。它的鼻子看起来像鸭嘴，脚像鸭掌，因此可以潜入水下(活动)，但它浑身都是毛。你知道鸭嘴兽非常奇怪的地方是什么吗？它不靠视觉或嗅觉来觅食，而是靠喙上的电传感器，世界上能那样做的动物屈指可数。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．a ________ survey 抽样调查
2．Washington ________ 华盛顿纪念碑
3．go through a difficult ________ 经历困难时期
4．hold a special ________ 举行一次特别会议
5．leave the ________ 离开安乐窝
6．protect endangered ________ species 保护濒临灭绝哺乳动物物种
7．________ laboratory 生物实验室
8．find a warm place to ________ her eggs 找个温暖的地方孵蛋
9．jump over the ________ 从篱笆上跳了过去
10．a very ________ occasion 非常盛大的场合
11．escape from ________ 越狱
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．________ [ d str 'bju n] n．分布；分配；分发→distribute v．分配；分发→distributor n．销售者；批发商
2．________ ['tempr ri] adj.暂时的；短暂的→ temporarily adv.暂时地
3．________ ['la sns] n．许可证；执照 vt.批准；许可→licensed adj.得到正式许可的
4．________ ['fri kw nsi] n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj.频繁的；经常的
5．________ ['va l ns] n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地
6．________ [k 'p s ti] n．能力；容量→capable adj.有能力的
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 到达；找到……的去路
2．________________ 适合所有的口味
3．________________ 高峰季节
4．________________ 拿下；拆毁；写下
5．________________ 一群(羊或鸟)
6．________________ 出生时
7．________________ 与……相比
8．________________ 为了……利益；为……打算
9．________________ 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
10．________________ 拾起，拿起，捡起；(开车)接人；(偶然或无意间)学会；重新开始；继续；好转，恢复健康
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]with复合结构
[教材]Our topic today is “Creatures Unique to Australia”，____________________________， Dr Jim Smith.
我们今天的主题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答了我们的问题。
2．[句型]while引导让步状语从句
[教材] ________________ like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.
虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。
3．[句型]There be ＋ n．＋定语从句
[教材]There are only a small handful of animals in the world ________________！
世界上只有很少的动物可以那样做！
4．[句型]修饰之夸张手法
[教材]The noise they make could__________________________________________.
它们制造的噪音能够吵醒死人。
课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材原句)It has to be the kangaroo, as it has a wide distribution throughout the country.
毫无疑问是袋鼠，因为这种动物广泛分布于全国。
◎distribution n．分布；分发；分配
(1)distribute vt. 分发；分配
distribute...to... 把……分给……
distribute...among... 在……中分发……
(2)distributor n. 批发商；经销商
[佳句] All the workers are satisfied with the bonus distributed fairly.
所有的工人都对公平分配的奖金感到满意。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①They will hold a meeting to discuss the ________(distribute)of aid supplies.
②Thousands of soldiers are working ________ (distribute)food and blankets to the refugees.
[写美]—— 应用文佳句
③政府及时地给地震灾民分发了食物、药物和钱。
The government has ______________________the earthquake victims in time.
2(教材原句) So，if you see one in the wild，you shouldn't approach it to pick it up or even touch it.
所以，如果你在野外看到考拉，不要靠近它并试图把它抱起来，更不要触摸它。
◎pick up拾起，拿起，捡起；(开车)接人；(偶然或无意间)学会；重新开始；继续；好转，恢复健康
build up 逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；开发；积累
take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据(时间或空间)
make up 虚构；弥补；组成
break up 分裂；打碎；结束；解体；分手；放假
[佳句] It didn't take long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission.
没过多久，他就又一次起来了，继续他的任务。
[练通]——写出下列句中pick up的含义
①They won't let him out of hospital until his health has picked up quite a lot.________________
②I'll pick you up at the gate tomorrow morning.________________
③I picked up some Spanish when I was living in Mexico.________________
④He picked up where he had left the day before.________________
[写美]——应用文佳句
⑤积极参加体育和户外活动确实有助于强身健体和丰富我们的学校生活。
Taking an active part in sports and outdoor activities is really helpful to ________________________________．
3(教材原句)The noise they make could wake the dead.它们制造的噪音能够吵醒死人。
◎句型公式：修饰之夸张手法在读后续写中的运用
夸张是比喻修辞的一种，是以言过其实的说法表达强烈的目的，它可以加强语气，增加表达效果。
[佳句] Standing on the platform for the first time，she found scores of arrows piercing her chest.
第一次站在讲台上，她感觉万箭穿心。
[写美]——读后续写佳句
①一个非常炎热的夏天，太阳从楼上反射下来，把停在下面的汽车都晒化了！
One very hot summer, the sun reflected off the building and ________________！
②世界似乎到了末日。
________________________________________________________________________
4(教材原句)While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.
虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。
◎句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
(1)while意为“虽然、尽管”，引导让步状语从句(从句常置于句首)；
(2)while意为“然而、而”，作并列连词用，表示对比或转折；
(3)while意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。
[佳句] While she is a lovely girl，she can be extremely difficult to work with.
她虽然是个可爱的女孩，但有时却极难与其共事。
[练通]—— 猜测加黑词while的含义
①50% of the students watch English movies while only 18% read English books.
________________
②While online learning proves useful, there exist some disadvantages. ________________
③While making the kits, I realized that I had lost sight of the true meaning behind it.
________________
[写美]——应用文佳句
④尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。
________________________，I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
5(教材原句) It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill.
它拥有一种能用嘴里的电传感器在水中找到食物的能力。
◎capacity n．能力；容量
(1)have a capacity to do sth./of sth. 有……的能力
in the capacity of 以……的资格，有……的资格
(2)capable adj. 有能力的
be capable of... 有……的能力
[佳句] With a capacity to speak English fluently, I have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.
我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。(自荐信)
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The ________ (capable) of the salesman is really limited，so he is dismissed.
[写美]—— 一句多译
我有能力完美组织即将在本市举行的中国画展览。
②______________________ the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capacity)
③______________________ the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.(capable)
6(教材原句)There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that!
世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数！
◎句型公式：There be ＋n. ＋定语从句
[佳句] There are colorful after class activities in our school that/which are designed to broaden our horizons.
我们学校有丰富多彩的旨在扩大我们视野的课外活动。
[写美]——一句多译
①在艺术文化会演中，有各种各样的表演，从唱歌、跳舞到背诗不等。
In the course of the Art and Culture Show，there are various performances，____________．(定语从句)
＝In the course of the Art and Culture Show，there are various performances _________．(现在分词短语作定语)
②有许多年轻人乐意为残疾人做志愿工作。
There are many young people ________________________________．(定语从句)
＝There are many young people ________________________________．(形容词短语作定语)
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1
1．答案：A 2. 答案：D 3. 答案：C 4. 答案：D
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．sample 2.monument 3.phase 4.session 5.nest
6．mammal 7.biology 8.hatch 9.fence 10.grand 11.prison
Ⅱ.
1．distribution 2.temporary 3.license 4.frequency
5．violence 6.capacity
Ⅲ.
1．find one's way into/to 2.suit all tastes 3.peak season 4.take down 5.a flock of 6.at birth 7.in comparison to 8.in the interest of 9.a handful of 10.pick up
Ⅳ.
1．with questions answered by wildlife expert 2.While it may lay eggs in a nest 3.that can do that 4.wake the dead
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①distribution ②to distribute ③distributed food，medicine and money to/among
2．①好转 ②(开车)接人 ③(偶然)学会 ④继续 ⑤build up our body and enrich our school life
3．①melted cars parked below ②It seems as if the world were at an end.
4．①对比转折，“然而” ②“虽然；尽管” ③“当……的时候；在……时” ④While traveling can broaden your mind
5．①capacity ②I have the capacity to perfectly organize
③I am capable of perfectly organizing
6．①which vary from singing，dancing to reciting poems; varying from singing，dancing to reciting poems ②who/that are willing to do voluntary work for the disabled; willing to do voluntary work for the disabledSection Ⅳ Writing——描写标志性动物
文体感知
本单元的写作任务是标志性动物描写，属于描写性说明文，是对一种标志性动物进行说明或描述的写作。要抓住该动物的主要特征进行描述，要求语言简明扼要，通俗易懂。这种文体通常用第三人称，时态以一般现在时为主。其基本框架为：
增分佳句
第一段：简要介绍这种动物
1．This is a cute animal, which is loved by most kids.
这是一种可爱的动物，受到大多数孩子的喜爱。
2．It is a unique animal living in the deep valley.
它是生活在深谷中的一种独一无二的动物。
第二段：具体介绍这种动物的特点
1．The animal has a thin face with two big and bright eyes on it.
这种动物有一张瘦瘦的脸，脸上有两个大大的明亮的眼睛。
2．It is native to Africa and it spends most time in the forest.
它产自非洲，大部分时间在森林里度过。
3．It feeds on grass and is friendly to people.
它是草食动物，对人类很友好。
4．The local villagers have been living in harmony with the animal.
当地村民一直和这个动物和谐相处。
第三段：呼吁人们采取措施保护动物。
1．Let's make joint efforts to protect the endangered animals.
让我们共同努力保护濒危动物吧。
2．It's high time that we should live in harmony with the nature.
到了我们应该与自然和谐相处的时候了。
3．Finally，we should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.
最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
典题演练
假如你是李华，请你给学校英文报纸的“动物世界”栏目写一篇说明文，介绍一下我国特有的动物——大熊猫。内容包括：
1．点出中国代表性的动物名称；
2．针对现状，描述生存空间和生存方式；
3．紧扣动物保护的话题，呼吁人们采取措施保护动物。
注意：词数80左右。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
?谋篇布局
?遣词造句
1．大熊猫被认为是我国的国宝和和平的象征，而且它们因为黑白相间的皮毛和可爱的举止被人们所喜欢。
Giant pandas are regarded as a national treasure of China and a symbol of peace，and ________________________________ and cute behaviour.
2．大熊猫是原产于中国中西部和西南部的哺乳动物，它们以竹子为食。(native to，feed on)
Giant pandas __________________________ central western and southwestern China，and they feed on bamboos.
3．他们曾濒临灭绝，但近来，报告显示野生熊猫的数量正在上升。(be on the rise)
Once they were in danger of dying out，but recently reports show ________________________________．
4．科学家们希望，有一天能有足够的熊猫自由自在地生活在野外。
Scientists hope that one day they will have enough pandas to be set free and ________________________________．
5．我们应该采取措施保护它们以实现这个目标。
We are supposed to ________________ to achieve the goal.
句式升级
请把第1句升级为过去分词作状语。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
?完美成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
单元知识回顾与提升
闪卡展示 快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速说出下列单词的汉语意思
1．equator n. ________________
2．barbecue n. ________________
3．bakery n. ________________
4．butcher n. ________________
5．herb n. ________________
6．hollow adj. ________________
7．horn n. ________________
8．pitch n. ________________
9．prime minister ________________
10．frog n. ________________
11．getaway n. ________________
12．peak season ________________
13．golf n. ________________
14．strait n. ________________
15．sample n. ________________
16．geothermal park ________________
17．trunk n. ________________
18．mammal n. ________________
19．biology n. ________________
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．________ n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节
adj. 联合的；共同的
2．________ adj. 最著名的；第一的；首要的
n. 总理；首相
3．________ adj. 坦率的；简单的
4．________ n. 标语；口号
5．________ n. 部长；大臣；外交使节
6．________ n. 箭；箭头
7．________ vt.&n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
8．________ vt. 倡议；赞助；主办
n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者
9．________ n. 自由
10．________ n. 纪念碑(或馆、堂、像等)；历史遗迹
11．________ n. 监狱；监禁
12．________ adj. 大；宏大的
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．________n．创建；基础；地基→________ vt.创办；创建；建立→________ n．创建者；创始人
2．________ adj.政治的→________ n．政治；政治学→________ n．政治家；政客
3．________ adj.位于→________ vt.找出……的位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于)→________n．地点；位置
4．________ vt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利→________ vt.加标题于；赋予头衔n.名称；标题
5．________ n．自由；不受……影响的状态→________ adj.自由的；空闲的；免费的 vt.释放；使摆脱；解除
6．________ n．分布；分配；分发→________ vt.分发；分配；分布
7．________ adj.得到正式许可的→________vt.批准；许可 n．(＝licence)许可证；执照
8．________ n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→________adj.频繁的→________ adv.频繁地
9．________ adj.暴力的；猛烈的→________ n．暴力；暴行→________adv.粗暴地；强烈地
10．________ n．生理；生物学→________ adj.生物学的→________ n．生物学家
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．Then he opened one of his bags and gave me ________________(一把) freshly picked cherries.
2．Although she didn't mention any names, everyone knew who she was ________________(被称为是)．
3．You'd better not consult a dictionary every time you ________________ (偶然遇到) a new word.
4．I am wondering whether you can ________ him ________ (接送) at the airport at your convenience.
5．It's really hard for me to ________________ (告别) you, and I'm quite grateful to you for your help with my English learning.
6．We'll all do our best to make you ________________(感觉自在).
7．________________ (就个人来说), I'm in favour of the scheme，for it can help us reduce the cost of the production.
8．Hearing the big noise，________________ (一群) birds flew away from the tree.
9．These patterns ________________ (独特的) each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities.
10．In our village stood a temple ________________ (追溯到) the Tang dynasty.
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．________________________________，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.
为了在这片广阔的海洋陆地上生存，土著居民必须与大自然保持密切联系。
2．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，________________________________ called the didgeridoo.
他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。
3．________________________________ overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在几乎一半的澳大利亚公民不是在海外出生，就是父母在海外出生。
4．Personally speaking, ________________________________ is the people themselves.
就我个人来说， 澳大利亚让我最喜欢的就是这里的人民。
5．Our topic today is “Creatures Unique to Australia”，________________________， Dr Jim Smith.
我们今天的主题是“澳大利亚特有的生物”，野生动物专家吉姆·史密斯博士回答了我们的问题。
6．________________________________________ like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.
虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。
Section Ⅳ Writing——描写标志性动物
遣词造句
1．they are loved by people for their black and white fur
2．are mammals native to
3．(that) the number of wild pandas is on the rise
4．let them live in the wild peacefully
5．take measures to protect them
句式升级
Regarded as a national treasure of China and a symbol of peace，giant pandas are loved by people for their black and white fur and cute behaviour.
完美成篇
Regarded as a national treasure of China and a symbol of peace，giant pandas are loved by people for their black and white fur and cute behaviour.
Giant pandas are mammals native to central western and southwestern China，and they feed on bamboos.Once they were in danger of dying out，but recently reports show (that) the number of wild pandas is on the rise.
Scientists hope that one day they will have enough pandas to be set free and let them live in the wild peacefully. We are supposed to take measures to protect them to achieve the goal.
单元知识回顾与提升
Ⅰ.
1．赤道 2.户外烧烤；烤架 3.面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 4.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 5.药草；香草；草本 6.中空的；空心的 7.(乐器)号 8.音高 9.首相；总理 10.蛙；青蛙 11.适合度假的地方 12.高峰季节 13.高尔夫球运动 14.海峡 15.样本；样品 16.地热公园 17.树干 18.哺乳动物
19．生理；生物学
Ⅱ.
1．joint 2.premier 3.straightforward 4.slogan
5．minister 6.arrow 7.dive 8.sponsor 9.liberty
10．monument 11.prison 12.grand
Ⅲ.
1．foundation; found; founder 2.political; politics; politician
3．located; locate; location 4.entitle; title 5.freedom; free
6．distribution; distribute 7.licensed; license 8.frequency; frequent; frequently 9.violent; violence; violently 10.biology; biological; biologist
Ⅳ.
1．a handful of 2.referring to 3.come across 4.pick; up 5.say goodbye to 6.feel at home 7.Personally speaking
8．a flock of 9.are unique to 10.dating back to
Ⅴ.
1．To survive in this vast land on the ocean
2．among which there is an amazing instrument
3．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born
4．what I like most about Australia
5．with questions answered by wildlife expert
6．While it may lay eggs in a nest
