UNIT 4 SHARING
The Well that Changed the World
As a six year old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water. He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain①.It was very close only ten steps away.So，Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？” Young Ryan thought，“Life is easy for me，but hard for those people.Why don't I help？”
At first，his plan was to earn money to build a single well somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening for his family and neighbours.He soon reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to a charity，he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump②.Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn't help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn't give up.He was determined to help other children have clean water.He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to donate③ money.At the same time，a friend of Ryan's mother helped make his story go public.After several months，Ryan had raised the $2，000，with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful④ smile.
Later，Ryan's experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.Many inspired people gave him their support.Ryan's foundation continues to attract support from more and more people，so the work of building more wells can go on.Today，over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life changing gift of clean，safe water.
Now，as an adult，Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don't I help？”，but “How can I help today？”．This insight⑤ grew from the determined attitude of a six year old boy who had the courage and perseverance⑥ to make his dream a reality.
(选自外研版新教材必修第三册 Unit 2)
词汇积累
①drinking fountain n．(设于公共场所的)自动饮水器 ②pump/p mp/n.泵v.输送；涌出
③donate/d 'ne t/v.捐赠；捐献 ④joyful/'d fl/adj.快乐的，高兴的
⑤insight/' nsa t/n.洞察力；领悟；了解 ⑥perseverance/ p s 'v r ns/n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
每/日/金/句：As selfishness and complaint cloud the mind, so love with its joy clears and sharpens the vision. —Helen Keller 自私和抱怨使心灵阴暗，充满欢乐的爱则使视野明朗开阔。——海伦 ·凯勒
Task 1文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What's the main idea of the passage
A．Jo went to a bush school to visit friends.
B．Jo's experience as a volunteer in the bush.
C．Introduction of a bush school.
D．Introduction of Tombe's home in the village.
2．Read the passage and match the main idea of each part.
Part 1(Para.1) ____ A.Jo and another teacher visited Tombe's home in the village.
Part 2(Paras.2－3)____ B.Getting mail from home made Jo feel nice.
Part 3(Paras.4－8)____ C．The school where Jo
worked and Jo's work at school.
Task 2文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 38～39 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．The purpose of the author in writing the blog is ________．
A．to tell us her teaching life in the bush school as a volunteer
B．to tell us her learning life in the bush school as a volunteer
C．to tell us that she couldn't get any money by teaching the poor students
D．to tell us how happy she was in the small village
2．In a chemistry experiment the boys jumped out of the windows because they ________．
A．were frightened by the bubbling mixture
B．couldn't stand the terrible smell of the mixture
C．didn't like doing chemistry experiments
D．knew chemistry was not relevant to them
3．Tombe's mother started crying “ieee ieee” because ________．
A．this was Jo's first visit to a remote village
B．she was expressing her friendliness and warmth
C．they walked for two and a half hours to get there
D.she was afraid of strangers
4．How did Jo feel after the visit to Tombe's family
A．Happy. B．Sad.
C．Worried. D．Upset.
Task 3文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the school and its conditions.(细读短文并找出描写学校及其条件的句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the author's emotions.(细读短文并找出描写作者心情的句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
[读文清障]
①parcel ['pɑ sl] n．[C]包裹
②jam [d m] n．[U，C]果酱
[拓展]traffic jams交通堵塞
③be dying to do sth.渴望做某事
④mail [me l] n．[U]邮件；信件
[合成词]mailbox n．[C]电子邮箱
airmail n．[U]航空邮递
⑤secondary['sek ndri]adj.中学的；次要的
secondary school中等学校；中学
secondary education中等教育
be secondary to...与……相比是次要的
⑥clay [kle ] n．[U]黏土
⑦a dusty track泥泞的小路
dusty ['d sti] adj.布满灰尘的
dust [d st] n．[U]沙土；灰尘
track n．[C]小道；小径
⑧weed [wi d] n．[C]杂草；野草
⑨a chorus of齐声；异口同声
chorus ['k r s] n．[C]合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说
a chorus of praise一片赞扬声
⑩cotton uniform棉质校服
cotton ['k tn] n．[U]棉布；棉花
uniform ['ju n f m] n．[C，U]校服；制服
up to多达；高达
not to mention更不用说；且不说
tablet ['t bl t] n．[C]平板电脑
rubber ['r b (r)] n．[C]橡皮
adapt to适应
have no concept of...没有……的概念
concept ['k nsept] n．[C]观念；概念
washroom['w ru m]n.[C]洗手间；厕所
[同义]toilet; restroom
basin ['be s n] n．[C]盆
rigid ['r d d] adj.死板的；固执的
[同义]stubborn ['st b n] adj.固执的
[反义] flexible ['fleks bl] adj.灵活的
the other day几天前；不久前的一天(谓语动词用一般过去时)
bubble ['b bl] vi.起泡；沸腾
test tube试管
tube [tju b] n．[C]管子；管状物
spill[sp l] vt. &vi.溢出；泼出；(使)洒出；散落
circus ['s k s] n．[C]马戏团
come across偶然遇见；碰上
[同义]come upon偶然遇见；偶然发现
relevant adj.有意义的；有价值的；有关的；切题的
be relevant to...与……有关(相当于be related to...)
[近义]related adj.有关的
connected adj.有关联的
involved adj.有关联的
chemist ['kem st] n．[C]化学家
chemistry n．[U]化学
to be honest(＝honestly speaking)说实话
make one's visit to...拜访……
a remote village一个偏远的村庄
remote mountain areas偏远山区
fantastic views极美的景色
shade[ e d]vt.给……遮挡(光线)
n．[U]阴凉处；阴影部分
[辨析]shade指阴凉处，强调避热作用；shadow强调光照下形成的影子
jaw [d ] n．[sing.]下巴
wrinkled forehead布满皱纹的前额
wrinkle ['r kl] vt. &vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起n.[C]皱纹
forehead ['f hed] n．[C]额；前额
[单词拆解]前缀fore (表示“在……的前部，预先”)＋head(头)→forehead
[构词法]由前缀fore 构成的词还有forecast(vt.预报)、foresee(vt.预见)、foreword(n.前言)、forearm(n.前臂)等。
lead sb. to someplace
带某人到某地
stick out of...从……中伸出；探出；突出
housing ['ha z ] n．[U]住房；住宅
adjust vi.&vt.适应；(使)习惯
platform['pl tf m]n.[C]平台
fireplace ['fa ple s] n．[C]壁炉
possession n．[C usually pl.]所有物；财产；财物
broom [bru m] n．[C]扫把；扫帚
saucer ['s s (r)] n．[C]茶碟；杯托
kettle ['ketl] n．[C](烧水用的)壶；水壶
pan [p n] n．[C]平底锅；烤盘
a couple of jars几个罐子
jar [d ɑ (r)] n．[C]罐子；坛子
build a fire(＝make a fire)生火
ripe [ra p] adj.成熟的；时机成熟的
greens n．绿叶蔬菜
upside down颠倒地
(51)grill [ɡr l] n．[C]烤架；烤肉餐馆
(52)doorway ['d we ] n．[C]门口；出入口
(53)dry out (使)干透；(使)完全变干
(54)leftover ['left v (r)] adj.吃剩的；残留的
(55)drag oneself down/to/out of...费力地走下/走到/走出……
drag [dr ɡ](dragged，dragged)vt.拖；拽；vt. &vi.缓慢而费力地移动
(56)privilege ['pr v l d ] n．[sing.]荣幸
have the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事
[原文呈现]
VOLUNTEERING IN THE BUSH
8 March
I just got a parcel① from home! It took about two weeks to arrive, and it was a bit damaged, but it was so nice to get some sweets and jam② from home; I've been dying to③ have some of my favourite sweets, and it's always nice to get mail④【1】！
【1】此处是并列句。第一个分句中谓语动词是现在完成进行时(have been doing sth.)；后一个分句中it为形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
So I've been here in the jungle for about a month now. My secondary school⑤ is a bush school. The classrooms are made of bamboo, with clay⑥ floors and roofs of grass. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track⑦ covered in weeds⑧. When I reach the school grounds, I'm greeted by a chorus of ⑨ “good morning” from the boys. Unlike students in our country, these boys do not wear cotton uniforms⑩， and many of them also have to walk a long way, sometimes for up to two hours, just to get to school.
There's no electricity, running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets ， or other modern devices! All the students have are pencils, rubbers ， and paper. I'm still trying to adapt to these conditions. I've had to become much more imaginative in my teaching. Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments. There is no equipment, and since there isn't even a washroom ， if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a basin 【2】！ It's important not to be too rigid about rules here, too. The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! The class became a circus as the boys, who had never come across anything like this before, started jumping out of the windows【3】. Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students【4】—few will ever become chemists —and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway. To be honest ， I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
【2】此处and连接两个并列分句，第二个分句中的主句是“I have to carry it from my house in a basin”； “since there...a washroom”为since引导的原因状语从句， since在此意为“因为”；“if I need water”为if引导的条件状语从句。
【3】“as the boys...the windows”为as引导的原因状语从句，as意为“因为”；该从句中的“who had never...this before”为who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the boys, who在从句中作主语。
【4】此处是how引导的宾语从句，作wonder的宾语。
17 April
Last weekend I made my first visit to a remote village ， home to one of our students, Tombe. Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain from where we had fantastic views 【5】， and then down a shaded path to the valley below. When we arrived at the village, Tombe's mother, Kiak, saw us coming and started crying “ieee ieee”【6】. We shook hands with all the villagers. Everyone seemed to be related to Tombe.
【5】此处是from where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a mountain。
【6】此处是主从复合句。“When we arrived at the village”是When引导的时间状语从句；“Tombe's mother... ‘ieee ieee’”为主句，主句中包含了“see sb. doing sth.”结构，意为“看见某人正在做某事”。
Tombe's father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead ， led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof【7】—this shows it is a man's house. Such housing is dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust . Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut. The only possessions I could see were one broom ， a few saucers ， a kettle ， cups, pans ， and a couple of jars 【8】．
【7】“with grass...roof”是with复合结构，在句中作定语，修饰hut。
【8】“I could see”是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词possessions。
Mukap built a fire outside and laid stones on it to heat. He then placed the hot stones in an empty oil drum with kaukau (sweet potato), ripe corn, and greens . He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam. It smelled delicious. We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire.【9】 I loved listening to the family talking softly to each other in their language, even though I could not participate much in the conversation【10】. Luckily, Tombe interpreted for us.
【9】现在分词短语sitting round the fire在句中作方式状语。
【10】此处是主从复合句。even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使”。前面主句中含有“感官动词(词组)＋宾语＋宾补”结构。
Later, I noticed a can standing upside down on the grill(51) over the fire. After a while, Tombe threw it out of the doorway(52). Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out(53)the leftover(54) food. His family believes that leftovers attract bad spirits in the night, so any leftover food is dried up in a can and the can is then thrown out of the hut.
We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.My muscles were aching and my knees shaking【11】 as we dragged ourselves down(55)the mountain towards home. That evening I fell happily into bed. It was such a privilege(56) to have spent a day with Tombe's family【12】．
【11】My muscles were aching和my knees shaking是and连接的两个句式相同的并列分句，第二个分句承前省略了系动词were。
【12】此处包含了“It is/was a privilege to do sth.”句型，该句型意为“有幸做某事”。to have spent是动词不定式的完成式，表示该动作先于谓语动词表示的动作发生或完成。
[参考译文]
丛林中的志愿工作
3月8日
我刚刚收到家里寄的包裹了！花了大约两个星期的时间包裹才送到，还略有损坏，不过能收到从家寄来的一些糖果和果酱简直太棒了！我一直渴望得到一些我最喜欢的糖果；而且，收到邮件从来都是让人开心的事啊！
就这样，现在我在丛林里待了大约一个月了。我所在的这所中学是一所丛林学校，教室是用竹子盖的，黏土夯的地面，屋顶是用草做的。我沿着一条泥泞、长满杂草的小路仅仅步行几分钟就到学校了。当我走进校园时，男孩子们齐声向我问候“早上好”。与我们国家的学生不一样，这些男孩不穿棉质校服，他们中的许多人还得走很长的路，有时要走长达两个小时，才能到达学校。
没有电，没有自来水，甚至没有教科书，更不用说笔记本电脑、平板电脑或者其他现代化设备了。学生们只有铅笔、橡皮和纸。我还在努力适应这些条件，在教学中不得不充分发挥想象力。科学是最有挑战性的科目，因为我的学生们压根儿没有做实验的概念。没有设备，甚至没有洗手间，如果我需要水的话，还得从家里用盆装着水过来。不墨守成规在这里也很重要。几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，我还没明白怎么回事，这时混合物冒着泡从试管里涌出来，溅得到处都是。课堂变成了马戏团，因为之前从未见过此种情形的男孩们开始跳窗而逃。有时我想，化学对这些学生有多少价值——他们中很少有人会成为化学家——而且大多数孩子八年级后就会回到村庄了。老实说，我怀疑自己是否会让这些男孩们的生活有所改变。
4月17日
上周末，我头一次去一个偏远的村庄，我们的一个学生汤贝的家就在那里。我和另一名老师步行两个半小时才到达那里。首先，爬上一座山，我们从山上欣赏了美丽的景色，然后沿着一条林荫小路，走到下面的山谷。当我们到达村庄的时候，汤贝的母亲齐亚克看到我们走来，开始大喊“嗳矣嗳矣”。我们和村民挨个握了手。(村里)每个人好像都是汤贝的亲戚。汤贝的父亲莫卡普有着结实的下巴，额头布满皱纹。他把我们带到他家，那是一座低矮的圆形竹屋，没有窗户，只有一扇门，刚好够一个人进去。草从屋顶伸出来，表明这是男人(住)的房子。这种房子屋内很暗，所以我们的眼睛过了－会儿才适应。地上铺满嫩草，还有让我和珍妮睡觉的平台。小屋中央放着壁炉，放眼望去，我看到屋中的物品只有一把扫帚、几个碟子、一个水壶、几只杯子、几个平底锅，还有几个罐子。
莫卡普在外面生了堆火，在上面放了些石头加热，然后把加热的石头放进装着红薯、成熟的玉米和青菜的油桶里。接着，他用香蕉叶盖上蔬菜，等着它们蒸熟，这闻起来很美味。我们在小屋里围着火吃饭。我喜欢听这一家人用他们的语言彼此轻声交谈，尽管我无法参与大多数的谈话。幸运的是，汤贝为我们翻译。
后来，我注意到炉火上方的烤架上倒放着一个罐子。过了一会儿，汤贝把它扔到了门外。他告诉我把罐子烤热是为了烘干剩饭。他的家人认为，剩饭会在晚上引来恶鬼，所以要把所有的剩饭放在罐子里烘干，然后把罐子扔到屋外去。
第二天早上，在多次道别和握手之后，我们离开了村子。当我们费力地走下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。那天晚上我带着愉快的心情入睡了。能和汤贝一家人共度一天真是太荣幸了。
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．a ________ from home 家里寄来的包裹
2．be stuck in traffic________ 陷入交通堵塞
3．be glad to receive your________ 很高兴收到你的邮件
4．primary and________ education 中、小学教育
5．________ the hospital garden 给医院的花园除草
6．a________shirt 一件棉布衬衫
7．be dressed in school ________ 穿着校服
8．take two ________ before meals 饭前每次两片
9．wear a pair of________ gloves 戴一双橡胶手套
10．go to the________ 去洗手间
11．be too narrow and too________ 又狭窄又死板
12．sit in the________ 坐在阴凉处
13．come out of the ________ 从小木屋里出来
14．a launch ________ 发射平台
15．gather around the ________ 聚集在壁炉周围
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ [d st] n. 沙土；灰尘 vi.&vt. 擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
2．________ ['kem st] n. 化学家；药房；药剂师→chemical adj.化学的；关于化学的→chemistry n.化学
3．________ [ra p] adj. 成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v. (使)成熟
4．________ ['pr v l d ] n. 优惠待遇；特权→privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的
构词规律
根据给出的构词规则写出下列单词
1． y加在名词之后变为形容词，表示“具有……特征的”、“多……的”
dust n．沙土；灰尘→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
rain n．雨→________ adj.下雨的
snow n．雪→________ adj.下雪的
2．“n.＋n.” 构成的合成词
door＋way→________ n．门口；出入口
class＋room→________ n．教室
house＋work→________ n．家务活
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 渴望做……
2．________________ 齐声；异口同声
3．________________ 更不用说；且不说
4．________________ 适应
5．________________ 几天前
6．________________ 遇上
7．________________ 和……有关
8．________________ 有差别；有影响
9．________________ 和……握手
10．________________ 和……有关
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]It takes sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人时间做某事。
[教材]________________________________ down a dusty track covered in weeds. 沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。
2．[句型]be doing...when...
[教材]The other day I________________________________________________，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！
3．[句型]from where引导定语从句
[教材]Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain______________________________， and then down a shaded path to the valley below.我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里——首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。
4．[句型]I doubt whether...我怀疑是否……
[教材]To be honest，____________________________________________ these boys' lives at all.
说实在的，我怀疑是否我(教的课)会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
[译文]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．
[译文]
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．
[译文]________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材原句)I've been dying to have some of my favourite sweets, and it's always nice to get mail!
我一直非常渴望吃一些我最喜欢的糖果，而且收到邮包总是令人开心不已！
◎be dying to do...渴望做……
(1)be dying/eager for 很想要；渴望
(2)be eager to do sth. 渴望做……
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
[佳句] As a student who is dying to learn knowledge, it is necessary to build an effective method in your study.
首先，作为一名渴望学习知识的学生，你在学习中有必要建立一种有效的学习方法。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①However, she gets so bored with her life that she is thirsty ________ the outside world.
②Throughout her career as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed ________(explore) further.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③“访谈”是为渴望获得更多英语知识的学生而设计的，现在它受到了大多数听众的高度评价。
“Talk and talk” is designed for students________________________________________， and now it is highly thought of by most listeners.
2(教材原句)There's no electricity，running water or even textbooks, not to mention laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! 这里没有电，没有自来水，甚至也没有教科书，更不用说笔记本电脑、平板电脑或其他现代化设备了！
◎not to mention 更不用说；且不说
mention sth.to sb./mention to sb.that... 向某人提及……
mention doing... 提及做……
as is mentioned above 如上所述
Don't mention it. 不客气(回答道歉或道谢)
[佳句] You shouldn't think of a free day，not to mention flying off for a month's vacation.
你别想有一天的空闲时间，更别说乘飞机去度一个月的假了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①As____________ (mention) above，wearing school uniforms is beneficial to students in many ways.
②He mentioned ________ (hear) from his son lately while having dinner with me.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③你提到你愿意教英语作为回报，这正是我渴望的。
________________________________________，which is exactly what I am dying for.
3(教材原句)The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere! 几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！
◎句型公式：“be doing...when...”意为“正在做……这时……”
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”， when用作并列连词的句型归纳：
had just done...when... 刚做完……这时……
be about to do...when... 正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时……
[佳句] We were wondering how to carry out our plan when the answer appeared.
我们正在考虑如何实施我们的计划，这时答案出现了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Helen had just put down her cellphone ________ she regretted refusing Peter's invitation to the party.
②I was really disappointed and about ________ (leave) when he walked out of a building.
③Tom had just fallen asleep ________ someone knocked at the door.
[写美]——一句多译
他正要离开教室时，听到大家齐声说：“谢谢你的辛勤工作。”
④He ________________________ he heard a chorus of “Thanks for your hard work.”
⑤He ____________________________________he heard a chorus of “Thanks for your hard work.”
4(教材原句)Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students—few will ever become chemists—and most will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时我想知道化学与这些学生有多大的关系，很少有人会成为化学家，而且大多数人都会在8年级后回到自己的村庄。
◎relevant adj.有关的；切题的
(1)be relevant to 与……有关
(2)relevance n. 关联；切题
have (no) relevance to 和……(无)有关
[佳句] I learn that you're coming to visit one of your Chinese friends. I'm now writing to tell you some relevant details. 我知道你要来拜访你的一个中国朋友。我现在写信是要告诉你一些相关的细节。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The teacher said students should learn skills which are closely relevant ________ life in secondary school.
②What you said has no ________ (relevant) to the topic，that is to say，you are off the point.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③我很荣幸能告诉你一些与当地生活有关的信息。
It is a great privilege for me to tell you some information
________________________________________________________________________.
指津：“与……有关”的其他表达形式还有：be related to；be connected with；be associated with等。
5(教材原句)Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first，up a mountain from where we had fantastic views，and then down a shaded path to the valley below.我和另一位老师走了两个半小时才走到那儿，我们首先爬上了一座山，在山里欣赏到了极美的景色，然后沿着一条阴凉的小路走到了下面的山谷。
◎句型公式： from where引导定语从句
(1)from where引导定语从句，相当于and from here/there。
(2)在“介词＋关系词”定语从句中，关系词常为which和whom，关系副词where和when之前一般不加介词，比较特殊的有from where和since when。
Alice stood at the window, from where she could watch her classmates playing football.
艾莉丝站在窗户旁边，从那里她可以看到同学们踢足球。
The book was written in 1946, since when the education system has witnessed great changes.
这本书写于1946年，从那时起教育体系发生了巨大的变化。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①She climbed up to the top of the hill，from ________ she could have a good view of the whole town.
②We are all deeply moved by the ceremony，from ________ we realize that the sense of responsibility always accompanies the process of our growth.
◎shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n．阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
(1)in the shade 在阴凉处
in the shade of 在……的阴凉处
(2)shade...from/against... 给……遮挡……
shade...with... 用……遮挡……
[佳句] I've heard that，in the Sahara，there is no shade during the day，and the stars seem especially brilliant on clear nights.我听说在撒哈拉，白天没有阴凉之处，在晴朗的夜晚星星看起来格外灿烂。
[练通]——单句语法填空
③I saw that merchant sitting ________ the shade of a tree，reading a book.
④She raised her hand to shade her eyes __________the sun.
6(教材原句)My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves down the mountain towards home.
当我们费力地走下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖发抖。
◎drag vt.拖；拽 vt.&vi.缓慢而费力地移动
读后续写之手的肢体动作：
(1)drag...out of... 把……从……中拖出来
(2)cup one's hands over... 把手窝成杯状
(3)slide one's hands into... 将手伸进
(4)put one's hands to one's cheeks 用双手捂住脸
spread one's hands 摊开双手
[佳句] Painful and a bit embarrassed as he was, he still dragged his feet to keep moving forward.
虽然感到痛苦和有点尴尬，但他仍然拖着脚继续前进。
[写美]——读后续写佳句
这位父亲站起来，盯着大儿子的眼睛，把手窝成杯状托住儿子的脸。
The father stood up，gazed in the eyes of his oldest son and ________________________．
7(教材原句)It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family.
与汤贝一家共度了一日，真是一种荣幸。
◎privilege n．优惠待遇；特权
(1)It's a privilege to do sth./of doing sth. 有幸做某事
have the privilege to do sth./of doing sth. 有做某事的特权
(2)privileged adj. 享有特权的；荣幸的；幸运的
be privileged to do sth. 做某事是荣幸的
[佳句] I feel much privileged to invite you to our program for a live talk show.
我很荣幸能邀请你来参加我们的现场访谈节目。
[写美]——一句多译
在这儿做有关如何保护环境的演讲，我倍感荣幸。
①____________________ on how to protect the environment here.
②____________________ on how to protect the environment here.
UNIT 4 SHARING
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Task 1
1．答案：B 2. 答案：B C A
Task 2
1．答案：A 2. 答案：A 3. 答案：B 4. 答案：A
Task 3
1．答案：(1)My secondary school is a bush school.The classrooms are made of bamboo，with clay floors and roofs of grass.
(2)It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a dusty track covered in weeds.
(3)There's no electricity，running water or even textbooks，not to mention laptops，tablets，or other modern devices!
(4)All the students have are pencils，rubbers，and paper.
2．答案：(1)...I've been dying to have some of my favourite sweets，and it's always nice to get mail!
(2)To be honest，I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
(3)That evening I fell happily into bed.It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family.
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．parcel 2.jams 3.mail 4.secondary 5.weed 6.cotton
7．uniform 8.tablets 9.rubber 10.washroom 11.rigid 12.shade 13.hut 14.platform 15.fireplace
Ⅱ.
1．dust 2.chemist 3.ripe 4.privilege
构词规律
1．rainy; snowy 2.doorway; classroom; housework
Ⅲ.
1．be dying to 2.a chorus of 3.not to mention 4.adapt to
5．the other day 6.come across 7.be relevant to 8.make any difference 9.shake hands with 10.be related to
Ⅳ.
1．It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school
2．was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when
3．from where we had fantastic views
4．I doubt whether I'm making any difference to
Ⅴ.
1．这里没有任何设备，甚至没有洗手间，如果我需要水的话我不得不用盆子从我的房子端水过来！
2．整个班级成了一个马戏团，之前从没见过这种状况的男孩子们开始从窗户跳出去。
3．他的家人认为，剩饭会在晚上引来恶鬼，所以要把所有的剩饭放在罐子里烘干，然后把罐子扔到屋外去。
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①for ②to explore ③who are eager/dying to acquire more knowledge about English
2．①is mentioned ②hearing ③You mentioned that you would like to teach English in return
3．①when ②to leave ③when ④was about to leave the classroom when ⑤was on the point of leaving the classroom when
4．①to ②relevance ③relevant to/connected with/associated with the local life
5．①where ②which ③in ④from
6．cupped his hands over his son's face
7．①I am greatly privileged to deliver a speech
②It is a great privilege for me to deliver a speechSection Ⅱ Learning About Language
每/日/金/句：Only to devote oneself to the society, can find the significance of the actually short and risky life. —Albert Einstein 人只有献身社会，才能找出那实际上短暂而有风险的生命的意义。——阿尔伯特 ·爱因斯坦
语言基础集释
1(教材原句)One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job.我的梦想之一是在我辞职后去非洲工作，继续帮助残疾人。
◎disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的
(1)the disabled 残疾人(the＋adj.表示一类人，谓语动词常常用复数)
(2)disable v. 使伤残；使无效，使不能运转
disable sb./sth.from doing sth. 使……不能做某事
(3)disability n. 残疾；缺陷
[佳句] One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I graduate from university.
我的梦想之一就是在非洲工作，在我毕业后继续帮助残疾人。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Unfortunately，the doctors don't know how to make me better，but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my ________(disable)．
②He was shocked to see in front of him was a little ________ (disable) girl without legs.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③如果你睡不好觉的话，一两夜过后你就会无法集中注意力，无法做计划，也无法保持干劲了。
Unless you can sleep well，you will ____________，plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
2(教材原句)One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job.我的愿望之一是辞职后去非洲工作并继续帮助残疾人。
◎resign vi.&vt.辞职；辞去
resign one's post/position 辞去职务
resign from... 从……辞职
resign as... 辞去作为……的职务
resign oneself to (doing) sth. 顺从……；使自己安于 (做) 某事
His opponent resigned his post because he had been offered a better job.
他的对手辞职了，因为他找到了更好的工作。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①He has resigned ________ (he) to the fact that he will lose his job.
②It didn't take long for news of his ________ (resign)to get around.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③他觉得在这家公司工作不舒服，所以决定辞职。
He found it uncomfortable to work in this company，so he ________________________.
3(教材原句)I think everyone deserves the right to be happy.我认为每个人都有权利感到快乐。
◎deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
deserve to do sth. 应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done/deserve doing ……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意
[佳句] But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “Outstanding Player of His Generation”.
但毫无疑问，他配得上“他那一代杰出球员”的称号。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We deserved________(win) the competition with our joint efforts rather than with the help of luck. (读后续写主旨升华)
②As far as I'm concerned, the money saved could be used for more__________(deserve) causes.
[写美]——一句多译
保持开放的心态，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。
③Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas ________________．
④Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas ________________．
⑤Keep an open mind，because everyone's ideas ________________．
语法专项突破
复习短语
[自主感知]
1．I've been dying to have④some of my favourite sweets①，and it's always nice to get mail②！
2．The mixture① was bubbling out② of the test tube spilling everywhere!
3．Tombe's father①，Mukap，a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead③，led us to his house...
4．He then placed the hot stones② in an empty oil drum with kaukau(sweet potato)，ripe corn，and greens.
5．Later，I noticed a can standing upside down⑤on the grill③over the fire③.
6．My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we dragged ourselves②down the mountain③ towards home.
[我的发现]
1．以上句子中，所有的①均为________短语，在句中常常充当主语或宾语。
2．以上句子中，所有的②均为________短语，在句中相当于一个动词。可以充当谓语，也可以充当非谓语。
3．以上句子中，所有的③均为________短语，在句中作定语或状语。
4．以上句子中，④为形容词短语，在句中作________。
5．以上句子中，⑤为副词短语，在句中作________。
[语法规则]
一、名词短语(NP)?
名词短语的构成：(限定词)＋(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语) 。在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。
①After a temporary hesitation, David nodded in agreement, finally deciding to join in the cross country team.(作介词宾语)
经过短暂的犹豫，大卫点头同意，最后决定加入越野队。
②Many people including doctors，nurses and scientists are real heroes.(作表语)
很多人，包括医生、护士和科学家是真正的英雄。
③At that moment, a flush of admiration and joy swept over me. (作主语)
在那一刻，一股羡慕和喜悦席卷了我的全身。
④We've just come across anold friend we haven't seen for ages.(作宾语)
我们刚碰到了一位多年不见的老朋友。
[名师指津] 名词短语中的限定词
在名词短语的“构成”中，限定词包括冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this, that, these, those等)、物主代词(my, your, his, her, our, their等)和不定代词(some, no, neither, both等)。
二、动词短语(VP)?
动词短语的构成：1.动词＋副词； 2.动词＋介词； 3.动词＋副词＋介词； 4.动词＋名词＋介词； 5.动词＋名词等。在句中作谓语。
①First of all, as smart online learners, we can make full use of the most extensive educational resources to broaden the horizon.
首先，作为聪明的在线学习者，我们可以充分利用最广泛的教育资源来拓宽视野。
②As long as we devote ourselves to English learning, we would make great improvement.
只要我们致力于英语学习，我们就会取得很大的进步。
③He has put aside a little money for a rainy day.
他存了一点钱以备不时之需。
三、形容词短语(AdjP)?
形容词短语的构成：(副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语)。 在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。
①I have found you charming and intelligent.(作宾语补足语)
我发现你很有魅力，很聪明。
②World Oceans Day is a day to raise people's awareness of protecting the oceans which are vital to human beings.(作表语)
世界海洋日是提高人们保护海洋意识的日子，海洋对人类至关重要。
③Seeing his face filled with anxiety, I felt very sad. 看到他充满焦虑的脸，我感到很难过。
四、副词短语(AdvP)?
副词短语的构成：(副词)＋副词。在句中当作副词用，可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。
①He is so humorous, responsible and selfless that I respect and love him very much.
他如此幽默、负责任、无私以至于我非常尊重并喜欢他。
②Equally importantly，we should develop a good habit of living.同样重要的是，我们应该养成一种良好的生活习惯。
③I was so deeply moved by his deeds that I couldn't fall asleep deep into the night.
他的行为深深打动了我，至于到了深夜我也无法入睡。
五、介词短语(PreP)?
介词短语的构成：介词＋宾语，能充当介词后宾语的主要有名词、宾格代词、动词 ing形式等。在句中作表语、定语或状语。
①David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around. (作状语)
大卫坚定地站在自己的位置上，无视周围的一切。
②With the help of the cell phone，not only can we get in contact with others but also deal with some problems.
在手机的帮助下，我们不仅可以与他人联系，还可以处理一些问题。
③We all know success doesn't happen by chance. Only through hard work can we manage to achieve our dream!
我们都知道成功不是偶然发生的。只有通过努力，我们才能实现我们的梦想！
[巧学活用]——完成句子
①他们不知道他病得很重。(副词短语作状语)
They didn't know that he was ill ______________________________.
②那里的天气又湿润又温暖。(形容词作表语)
The weather there is __________________．
③让我们用共享单车作为公共交通。(介词短语作状语)
Let's use shared bicycles __________________.
④因为大雨飞机没有准时起飞。(名词短语作宾语)
The plane didn't take off on time because of ________________.
⑤比赛路线从我们学校门口开始，到南山脚下结束。(介词短语作状语)
The racing route began ________________ and ended ________________．
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
Part 1 语言基础集释
1．①disability ②disabled ③lose the ability to focus
2．①himself ②resignation ③decided to resign from his position
3．①to win ②deserving ③deserve consideration ④deserve considering ⑤deserve to be considered
Part 2 语法专项突破
[我的发现]
1．名词 2.动词 3.介词 4.表语 5.状语
[巧学活用]
①extremely seriously ②wet and warm ③as common transports ④ the heavy rain ⑤at our school gate；at the foot of the South HillSection Ⅲ Using Language
每/日/金/句：Give a person with a rose, hand stay lingering fragrance. 送人玫瑰，手有余香。
课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
Read the text( P44～45), then choose the best answer.
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Zhan Bingbing helps people overseas as a volunteer.
B.China has many areas that are still in need of development.
C．Zhan Bingbing's attitude changed about her mother's aid to other countries.
D．Zhan Bingbing's mother helps people overseas as a volunteer consultant.
2．What is the function of the second paragraph
A．To explain how China helps other countries.
B．To introduce the topic of the speech.
C．To show where Chinese workers are.
D．To praise the contributions China has made.
3．Why did some people and Bingbing doubt what Chinese people do to help others overseas
A．They think foreign countries are developed countries while China is a developing country.
B.They think foreign countries don't need China's little help.
C．They think Chinese efforts are worthless because China is still in need of development.
D．They think Chinese efforts are meaningless because we get nothing in return.
4．What's Bingbing's attitude towards her mother's work as a volunteer in the end
A．Disapproving. B．Bored.
C．Favorable. D．Worried.
5．What does“singing a different tune”(Para.5) probably mean
A．Learning a foreign song.
B．Imitating others.
C．Having a different opinion.
D．Feeling very happy.
精读课文 疏通理解障碍
[读文清障]
①lately ['le tli] adv.最近；不久前；近来
②far off adj.遥远的(仅用在名词前)
③mechanic[m 'k n k]n.[C]机械师；机械修理工；技工
④be worth it ……是值得的
⑤medical doctor医师
⑥consultant [k n's lt nt ]n．[C]会诊医师
[词链]consult([k n's lt]
vt. &vi.咨询)→consultation([ k nsl'te n]n.咨询)
⑦upset adj.难过的(不用在名词前)
[联想]表示“使人烦恼”的动词集锦：
bother使(某人)烦恼(或担忧、不安)
disturb使不安；使烦恼
trouble使烦恼；使忧虑
annoy使恼怒；使生气
⑧leisure time休闲时间
⑨input [' np t] n．情况；信息；投入；输入 vt.输入
⑩sing a different tune对某事转变论调或者改变看法
tune [tju n] n．[C]曲调；曲子
vt.调音；调节；调频道
contract [k n'tr kt] vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约)['k ntr kt] n．合同；契约
take...for granted认为……是理所当然；(因习以为常)对……不予重视
grant [ɡrɑ nt] vt.同意；准予
n．[C]拨款
transport system交通系统
cardiac['kɑ di k]adj.心脏病的；心脏的
prior to...在……之前；先于……
[联想]介词“to”表示比较：
be superior to优于；好于
be senior to比……年长
be junior to比……年幼
heart condition心脏病
surgery ['s d ri] n．[U]外科手术
go without得不到；不做
I have known what it is like to go without food for days.
我已知道数日不吃东西是什么滋味了。
circuit ['s k t] n．[C]巡回；环形线路
relay ['ri le ] n．接力赛；接班的人vt.转发；转播
relay to传达给……；转发给……
As soon as I am updated on what's happened, I will relay it to you all.一旦得知最新情况，我就会转告你们所有人。
be supportive of支持
criterion [kra 't ri n] n．[C]标准；准则(复数形式为criteria[kra 't ri ])；原则
meet/satisfy criteria达到标准
stability [st 'b l ti] n．[U]稳定(性)；稳固(性)
[词链]stable(adj.稳定的；稳重的)→stability(n.)→instability(n.不稳定)
a community with a shared future for mankind人类命运共同体
now that既然；由于
land n．[熟词生义][C]国家；地区
pray [pre ] vi.&vt.企盼；祈祷
pray that但愿
[原文呈现]
Hello! My name is Zhan Bingbing.
Lately①， all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far off② places in the world, helping other countries to develop. We see Chinese workers building roads in the Congo, a port in Pakistan, railways in Panama, and an airport in Sri Lanka. And we see Chinese miners, oil workers, agricultural experts, mechanics③， and doctors working in nearly every corner of the world. And some people may ask, “Is it worth it④？ Why help people overseas when China has many areas that are still in need of development？”
in Tanzania, Africa, as a part of a medical team sent by the Chinese government.
To be honest, when my mother first left for Africa, I was upset⑦. My mother cooked me dinner every night, and she took good care of me. But more importantly, she was my best friend. We talked together, we spent our leisure time⑧ together, and except for school and work, we were never apart. So I was unhappy about her leaving without even asking for my input⑨.
But then I began to hear about the work she was doing in Tanzania, a country that has many health problems【1】， and now I am singing a different tune⑩. Many dangerous diseases which are rare in China are quite commonly contracted in Tanzania. And, while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted 【2】， such as electricity, running water, cars and good transport systems ， and supermarkets. One project that my mother worked on was helping to build a cardiac hospital. Prior to this, if a Tanzanian had a heart condition and needed surgery ， they would have to go abroad. Since this was quite expensive, many people went without medical treatment and some even died. Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well【3】. It has made a big difference to their lives. My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities, and provide consultation and training for local doctors. In addition, her team has given patients a new malaria treatment invented in China, and this has saved many lives.
【1】“she was doing in Tanzania”为省略关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the work。 a country that has many health problems作Tanzania的同位语，“that has many health problems”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a country。
【2】“while the country...natural wealth”为while引导的让步状语从句，while在此意为“虽然、尽管”。主句中的“we take for granted”为省略关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词things。
【3】本句中包含了“not only...but...as well”结构。not only置于句首时，其所在的分句通常要用部分倒装语序。
Today, I want to relay to you that I'm proud of the work my mother has done, and I am now supportive of it. Is her work worth it Yes, to the lives of the people she is helping, it is worth it.But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well, because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability ， and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind . Everyone deserves a fair chance in life. When I think of all the things that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of, helping others comes at the top of this list【4】. Now that I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands . In the future，I pray that you will do the same.
Thank you!
【4】“When I think...can be most proud of”为when引导的时间状语从句，其中“that we as Chinese citizens can be most proud of”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词all the things。 helping others为v. ing短语作主语。
[参考译文]
大家好！我叫詹冰冰。
最近，我们都在电视上看到，中国人在世界上遥远的地方，助力其他国家的发展。我们看到中国工人在刚果修筑公路，在巴基斯坦修建港口，在巴拿马修筑铁路，在斯里兰卡修建机场。我们还看到中国矿工、石油工人、农业专家、机械师和医生在世界的几乎每个角落工作。有人可能会问：“这样值得吗？中国有很多地方还需要发展，为什么要去帮助其他国家的人？”
我自己也曾有同样的疑问。不过对我来说，这是更为私人的问题。要知道，我的母亲是一名医生，过去两年里，她作为中国政府援外医疗队的一员，一直在非洲坦桑尼亚做志愿会诊医师。
说实话，母亲刚去非洲的时候，我心里很难受。本来母亲每晚都给我做晚饭，悉心照料我。更重要的是，她还是我最好的朋友。我们一起聊天，共度闲暇时光，除了上学和工作，从来没有分开过。她甚至没问我的意见就去了非洲，这让我感到不开心。
但是之后我开始得知她在坦桑尼亚的工作，坦桑尼亚被很多健康问题困扰，(所以)现在我有了不同的看法。很多在中国罕见的危险疾病在坦桑尼亚是很容易被感染的。虽然这个国家风光秀美，自然资源丰富，但很多人很贫穷。我们看作理所应当的东西，他们的生活里都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车、良好的交通系统和超市。我的母亲参与过一个援建心脏病医院的项目。在此之前，如果坦桑尼亚人患心脏病需要手术，就会不得不出国接受治疗。由于这一开销相当大，许多人没有
办法得到治疗，有些人甚至因此失去了生命。现在，不仅坦桑尼亚人在这家医院得到了救助，周边国家的人民也得到了救助。这给他们的生活带来了显著变化。我的母亲还会去农村巡诊提供医疗救治，帮助残疾人，并为当地的医生提供咨询和培训。此外，她们的医疗队给病人采用了中国发明的新型抗疟疾疗法，挽救了许多生命。
今天，我想告诉你们的是，我为我的母亲所做的工作感到骄傲，我现在支持她的工作。她这样的工作值得吗？当然值得！她帮助了许许多多的人，对他们来说，她的工作很有价值。不过，无论以何种标准来衡量，我的母亲的工作对我们来说也很有价值，因为它表明我们是关注世界稳定的世界公民，愿意对他人负责，并做好了建设人类命运共同体的准备。每个人都应拥有公平的生存权。当我想到所有我们中国人民最引以为豪的事情时，向别人伸出援手是最首要的。由于我明白了母亲的工作是多么重要，我已决定成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人民。希望未来你也会做出同样的决定。
谢谢！
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
根据语境写出正确的单词
1．________ as manager 辞去了经理的职务
2．________ careful consideration 值得认真考虑
3. ask for my________ 征求我的情况
4．a different__________ 不同的音调
5．________ for peace 祈求和平
6．design ________ 设计标准
7．on the lecture ________ 巡回演讲
8．________ a ￡500 loan to sb. 同意给某人贷款500英镑
9．sign a labor ________ 签劳工合同
10．________ race 接力赛跑
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________adv.最近；不久前；近来→late adj.&adv.晚的；迟的
2．________ [d s'e bld] adj. 有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n．缺陷；障碍；伤残；无能→disable vt.使丧失能力；使伤残
3．________ [r 'za n] vi.&vt. 辞职；辞去→resignation n．辞职；放弃；顺从
4．________ [ k nsl'te n] n．咨询；咨询会→consult v．咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看→consultant n．顾问；咨询者
5．________ [st 'b l ti] n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的；安定的
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
2．________________ 转达给……；转发给……
3．________________ 介意；在乎
4．________________ 对……过敏
5．________________ 需要
6．________________ 在……之前
7．________________ 支持
8．________________ 充当；用作
9．________________ 参加；从事；忙于
10．________________ 反对
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型] be of ＋n. 相当于“be ＋ 形容词”。
[教材]Do you think students doing volunteer work ________________？
你认为学生做志愿者工作有用吗？
2．[句型]What if...？如果……会怎样？
[教材]____________________ the smelly cages
如果我们必须清理臭烘烘的笼子怎么办？
3．[句型]while引导让步状语从句
[教材]And, __________________________________________，many of the people are quite poor.
虽然这个国家风光秀美，自然资源丰富，但很多人很贫穷。
4．[句型] not only...but(also)．..不但……而且……
[教材]Now，not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，________________________．
现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。
5．[句型]now that “既然”， 引导状语从句
[教材]__________________________________________________， I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.
既然我明白了我母亲的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他地方的人。
课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1(教材原句)Do you think students doing volunteer work is of any use？你认为学生做志愿者工作有用吗？
◎句型公式：“be of ＋名词”结构
(1)be of＋抽象名词＝be＋该名词的同根形容词
be of great＝be very
(2)of＋size/colour/height/length/weight/age/shape/quality等表人或物的属性的名词，在句中作表语或定语。
[佳句] It is common for teenagers of your age to come across similar challenges. (应用文之劝慰信)
对于你这个年龄的青少年来说，遇到类似的挑战是很常见的。
[练通]——一句多译
在我看来，提高人们保护海洋的意识是非常重要的。
①As far as I'm concerned, raising people's awareness of protecting oceans _______________．
②From my point of view, raising people's awareness of protecting oceans______________.
学会自律对我们的英语学习大有益处。
③Learning to discipline ourselves ________________________ our English learning.
④Learning to discipline ourselves ________________________ our English learning.
2(教材原句)Lately，all of us have seen Chinese people on TV in far off places in the world，helping other countries to develop.
最近，大家都在电视上看到中国人在世界各个遥远的地方帮助其他国家发展。
◎lately adv.近来；最近；不久前
(1)late adj. 迟的；晚的
(2)later adj. 后期的 adv.后来；随后
(3)latter adj. 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的
the former...，the latter... 前者……，后者……
[佳句] Lately, we conducted a survey concerning different ways to learn English beyond the classroom. 最近，我们进行了一项关于课堂之外学习英语的不同方法的调查。
[练通]——对比填空(late, lately, later, latter)
①Ten minutes ________ than the last runner, David reached the finishing line and all the students cheered up for him.
②Not until ________ have I known that a little pet can be such a helpful assistant to a helpless mom.
③Kangaroos and koalas are both native to Australia.The former is quite vigorous，while the ________ looks lazy.
④He was half an hour________ for her lunch appointment.
3(教材原句)And, while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth, many of the people are quite poor and live without things we take for granted, such as electricity, running water, cars and good transport systems, and supermarkets.
此外，尽管这个国家风景美丽、物产丰饶，但许多人仍然十分贫穷；我们认为理所当然的东西，在他们的生活中都没有，比如电、自来水、汽车和便捷的交通系统，以及超市。
◎take...for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
take...seriously 认真对待……
take it easy 别紧张
take one's time 不用急，慢慢来
take pride in 以……自豪
take charge of 负责，掌管
take advantage of 利用
[佳句] We always take it for granted that the earth can provide us with limitless natural resources，so we overdevelop the resources.
我们总是一厢情愿地认为地球可以提供给我们无穷无尽的自然资源，因此我们过度开发资源。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①My coach told me to take ________ easy before the bungee jump，but I couldn't prevent my legs from trembling.
[写美]——读后续写佳句
②如果你把朋友视为理所当然，那你也许不会有长久的友情。(读后续写主旨升华)
____________________， you may not have friends for long.
③从这次经历中我学到了重要的一课——把困难看作是一种考验，并认真对待它们。(读后续写主旨升华)
From the experience I learned an important lesson—see difficulties as a kind of test and____________．
4(教材原句)My mother also does a circuit of the rural villages to provide medical treatment, help those with disabilities, and provide consultation and training for local doctors.
我妈妈还到偏远的农村巡诊，提供医疗服务，帮助残疾人，并为当地医生提供咨询和培训。
◎consultation n．咨询；咨询会
(1)consult v. 请教，咨询；商量；查阅
consult (with) sb.about/on sth. 就某事和某人商量
consult a dictionary 查字典
(2)consultant n. 顾问
[佳句] I made up my mind to major in English in the future after consultation with my parents and teachers.
在与父母和老师咨询后，我决定将来主修英语。
[练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①She has had a number of different jobs，ranging from chemist to ________ (consult)．
②They________________ (与专家商量) on how to help the person with disability.
5(教材原句)Now, not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital, but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well.
现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。
◎句型公式：“not only...but...as well”意为“不但……而且……”
(1)句中not only...but (also)．..“不但……而且……”，用于连接两个对称的并列成分，可以连接两个谓语、主语、宾语、表语、状语等。not only放在句首时，它所在的句子要用部分倒装结构。
(2)not only...but also...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数要根据“就近原则”来确定。
[佳句] As we all know，reading classics can not only improve our study but also enrich our everyday life. 众所周知，阅读经典不仅可以提高我们的学习，还可以丰富我们的日常生活。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①Not only the foreign students but also the teacher ____________ (attract) by the authentic Chinese tea culture so far.
[写美]——句式升级
②The oceans not only provide us with abundant resources, but they also play a role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
→
(倒装)
6(教材原句)Now that I understand how important my mother's work is, I've decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands.
既然我明白了我妈妈的工作有多么重要，我已经决定自己也成为一名志愿者，去帮助其他国家的人。
◎句型公式：now that“既然，由于”，引导原因状语从句
now that“既然，由于”，在意思和用法上同since，引导原因状语从句，口语中that可省略。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①既然你已经下定了决心，请相信自己，按计划做就好了。
________________________， please believe yourself and do as planned.
②既然你已经长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。
____________________________， you should not rely on your parents.
[指津] (1)引导原因状语从句的连词还有：since, because, as, considering (that), in that等。
(2)引导原因状语的短语：due to, thanks to, because of, as a result of, owing to, on account of等。
Section Ⅲ Using Language
Part 1 课前预习设计
自读课文 疏通文脉大意
1．答案：C 2. 答案：B 3. 答案：C 4. 答案：C 5. 答案：C
自查语基 落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．resign 2.deserve 3.input 4.tune 5.pray 6.criterion
7．circuit 8.grant 9.contract 10.relay
Ⅱ.
1．lately 2.disabled 3.resign 4.consultation 5.stability
Ⅲ.
1．take...for granted 2.relay to 3.care about 4.be allergic to 5.in need of 6.prior to 7.be supportive of
8．serve as 9.engage in 10.be opposed to
Ⅳ.
1．is of any use 2.What if we have to clean out 3.while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth 4.but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well 5.Now that I understand how important my mother's work is
Part 2 课堂提升素养
探究新知 发展语言知识
1．①is very important/ significant ②is of great importance/significance ③is of great benefit to ④is very beneficial to
2．①later ②lately ③latter ④late
3．①it ②If you take friends for granted ③take them seriously
4．①consultant ②consulted with the expert
5．①has been attracted ②Not only do the oceans provide us with abundant resources, but they also play a role in maintaining the balance of our ecosystem.
6．①Now that you have made up your mind ②Now (that)/Since you have grown upSection Ⅳ Writing——演讲稿
文体感知
演讲稿包括发言稿、致辞、竞选稿等，该文体通常要有吸引力，明确发言的对象。演讲稿在语言使用上一定要准确简明、通俗易懂、层次清楚、条理分明。其基本框架为：
增分佳句
第一段：点明要演讲的主题
1．I am honored to have a chance to speak to you today.今天我很荣幸跟大家讲几句。
2．My name is Li Ping. Today I am very glad to have the opportunity to make this presentation.I shall be speaking about what we can do to protect the environment.
我是李萍，今天很高兴能有机会做这个演讲。我演讲的内容是我们能为保护环境做些什么。
3．I feel honored to be here to talk to you on regular physical exercise. 我很荣幸能在这里和大家谈谈关于有规律锻炼的问题。
第二段：演讲具体内容
1．The topic of my speech today is Family Education Shapes Me. Family education has always deeply influenced me, which has benefited me a lot.
我今天演讲的题目是“家庭教育塑造我”。家庭教育对我的影响一直很深，让我受益匪浅。
2．My honest family upbringing has served me well all my life and has cleared away many obstacles in my life. 我诚实的家庭教养使我受益终生，清除了我生活中的许多障碍。
3．I suggest we should fit exercise into our busy schedule, making it part of our daily routine.
我建议我们应该在繁忙的日程安排中安排锻炼，让它成为我们日常生活的一部分。
4．It is known to all that good living habits are important to our physical and mental health.
众所周知，良好的生活习惯对我们的身心健康很重要。
5．It is a pity that many people don't realize the importance of environmental protection.
遗憾的是，很多人意识不到环境保护的重要性。
第三段： 表达作者自己的观点
1．In conclusion, to realize a dream is not that easy, so we must study hard to fulfill our dreams.
总之，实现梦想不是那么容易的，所以我们必须努力学习来实现我们的梦想。
2．The earth is our common home. Let's take action to build a better one for all of us!
地球是我们共同的家园。 让我们采取行动，为我们所有人建立一个更好的世界！
3．Thank you for your listening to my speech.
感谢大家倾听我的演讲。
典题演练
假定你是李华，你们班将举办一场英语演讲比赛，演讲内容是关于中国对其他国家的援助。内容包括：
1．援助内容；
2．援助意义；
3．你的看法。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hello, everyone!
My name is Li Hua. __________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
?谋篇布局
?遣词造句
1．我们国家的经济快速发展。
________________________________________________________________________
2．我们有能力帮助其他国家。
________________________________________________________________________.
3．巴基斯坦是一个发展中国家，人们生活相当贫困。
Pakistan is a developing country ______________________________________________
4．新建的高速公路，连接了城市和乡村，促进了当地经济的发展。
Newly built highways have linked the urban and rural areas, _________________________.
5．我以我们国家在巴基斯坦所做的而自豪。
________________________________ in Pakistan.
6．我已决定大学毕业后成为一名志愿者，帮助那些需要帮助的人。
I have decided to be a volunteer after graduating from a university and ________________．
句式升级
7．用as引导的时间状语从句提升句1和句2
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．用分词作结果状语升级句4
Newly built highways have linked the urban and rural areas, ________________________.
9．用形容词短语作状语升级句5和句6
__________________________ in Pakistan, I have decided to be a volunteer after graduating from a university and help those in need.
?完美成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
单元知识回顾与提升
闪卡展示 快速高效
Ⅰ.请快速说出下列单词的汉语意思
1．parcel n. ________________
vt. ________________
2．jam n. ________________
3．secondary adj. ________________
4．clay n. ________________
5．chorus n. ________________
vt. ________________
6．cotton n. ________________
7．tablet n. ________________
8．rubber n. ________________
9．washroom n. ________________
10．rigid adj. ________________
11．bubble vi. ________________
12．tube n. ________________
13．circus n. ________________
14．jaw n. ________________
15．wrinkle vt.&vi. ________________
n. ________________
16．forehead n. ________________
17．jar n. ________________
18．grill n. ________________
19．leftover adj. ________________
n. ________________
20．circuit n. ________________
Ⅱ.请快速拼写下列单词
1．________ n. 邮件；信件；邮政
vt. 邮寄；发电邮给
2．________ n. 杂草；野草
vt.&vi. 除杂草
3．________ n. 校服；制服
adj. 一致的；统一的
4．________ n. 化学家；药剂师；药房
5．________ vt. 给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗
n. 阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
6．________ n. 平台；站台；舞台
7．________ n. 握手
8．________ vt. 拖；拽
vt.&vi. 缓慢而费力地移动
9．________ n. 优惠待遇；特权
10．________ vt. 封堵；补足
n. 堵塞物；插头；插座
11．________ vi.&vt. 辞职；辞去
12．________ vt. 值得；应得；应受
13．________ adv. 最近；不久前；近来
14．________n. 情况；信息；投入；输入
vt. 输入
15．________ vt. 同意；准许
n. 拨款
16．________ vt. 转发；转播
n. 接力赛；接班的人
Ⅲ.请快速检验下列拓展词
1．__________n．沙土；灰尘 vt.&vi.擦灰→________ adj.布满灰尘的
2．__________n．化学家→________ n．化学→________ adj.化学的 n．化学物质
3. ________ n．住房；住宅→________ n．房子 vt.给……提供住处
4．__________adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→________ vi.&vt.成熟；使成熟
5．__________adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→________ n．缺陷；障碍→__________vt.使(某人)残废；使……无能
6．________ n．咨询；咨询会→________ vt.咨询；请教→________ n．顾问
7．________ n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→__________adj.稳定的；牢固的→________ adj.不稳定的
Ⅳ.请快速写出下列短语
1．It was difficult for the young to run so long a distance, ____________ (更不用说)David with a brain disease.
2．As we all know，deeds are much better than words when people are ____________ (需要)help.
3．____________ (几天以前), a cross country race was held with the purpose of helping us build up strength.
4．Although he missed his old friends very much, he managed to ______________ (适应) his new school life and soon made a lot of friends.
5．Knowing that you ____________(渴望) learn to cook a Chinese dish, I'm writing to recommend one to you.
6．To look for his lost magazine，the man turned the whole room ____________ (颠倒)．
7．____________ (诚实的说)，it was one of the worst books I've ever read.
Ⅴ.请快速背诵下列课文原句
1．____________________________________ down a dusty track covered in weeds.
沿着杂草丛生、尘土飞扬的小路，我几分钟就能走到学校。
2．The other day I ________________________________________，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
几天前，我正在给男孩们演示一个化学实验，在我反应过来前，混合物冒着泡从试管中涌出，洒得到处都是！
3．Another teacher and I walked for two and a half hours to get there—first, up a mountain ____________________________， and then down a shaded path to the valley below.
我和另一位老师步行了两个半小时才到达那里——首先，爬上一座山，在山上我们看到了美妙的景色，然后沿着一条树荫遮蔽的小路走到下面的山谷。
4．To be honest，__________________________________________ these boys' lives at all.
说实在的，我怀疑我(教的课)是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。
5．Do you think students doing volunteer work ________________？
你认为学生做志愿者工作有用吗？
6．________________________ the smelly cages
如果我们必须清理臭烘烘的笼子怎么办？
7．And，__________________________________________________，many of the people are quite poor.
虽然这个国家风光秀美，自然资源丰富，但很多人很贫穷。
8．Now，not only are Tanzanians helped by the hospital，_________________________.
现在，有了医院，不仅坦桑尼亚人得到了帮助，而且周边国家的人们也因此受益。
Section Ⅳ Writing——演讲稿
遣词造句
1．Our country's economy develops quickly.
2．We are capable of helping other countries
3．where people are suffering from terrible living conditions.
4．which promotes the development of economy
5．I am really proud of what our country has done
6．help those in need
句式升级
7．As our country's economy develops quickly, we are capable of helping other countries.
8．promoting the development of economy
9．Really proud of what our country has done
完美成篇
Hello, everyone!
MynameisLiHua. As our country's economy develops quickly, we are capable of helping other countries. As we all know, Pakistan is a developing country where people are suffering from terrible living conditions.Lately, I have learnt our country helps Pakistan in many aspects.
Our country's help has played an active part in the development of Pakistan.More and more students can study in newly built schools. Patients now can get timely and proper treatment.More importantly, newly built highways have linked the urban and rural areas, promoting the development of economy.
Really proud of what our country has done in Pakistan, I have decided to be a volunteer after graduating from a university and help those in need.
Thankyou!
单元知识回顾与提升
Ⅰ.
1．包裹 裹好；打包 2.果酱；堵塞 3.中学的；次要的
4．黏土；陶土 5.合唱曲；合唱团 合唱；齐声说 6.棉布；棉花 7.平板电脑；便笺本；药片 8.橡皮；黑板擦；橡胶 9.洗手间；厕所 10.死板的；固执的 11.起泡；沸腾 12.管子；管状物 13.马戏团 14.颌；下巴 15.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 皱纹 16.额；前额 17.罐子；坛子 18.烤架；烤肉餐馆
19．吃剩的；残留的 吃剩的食物；遗留物 20.巡回；环形线路
Ⅱ.
1．mail 2.weed 3.uniform 4.chemist 5.shade
6．platform 7.handshake 8.drag 9.privilege 10.plug 11.resign 12.deserve 13.lately 14.input 15.grant 16.relay
Ⅲ.
1．dust; dusty 2.chemist; chemistry; chemical
3．housing; house 4.ripe; ripen 5.disabled; disability; disable 6.consultation; consult; consultant 7.stability; stable; unstable
Ⅳ.
1．not to mention 2.in need of 3.The other day 4.adapt to
5．are dying to 6.upside down 7.To be honest
Ⅴ.
1．It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school
2．was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when
3．from where we had fantastic views
4．I doubt whether I'm making any difference to
5．is of any use
6．What if we have to clean out
7．while the country is quite beautiful and has much natural wealth
8．but people in neighbouring countries are helped as well
