【精品解析】天津市和平区名校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

天津市和平区名校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题
一、第一部分：英语知识运用，第一节: 单项填空，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共 15 小题; 每小题 0.5 分, 满分7.5 分)
1．—Giles,I have difficulty pronouncing these new words well. Could you help me
—____. You can come around with your English textbook tomorrow.
A．With pleasure B．Don't bother
C．It depends D．Good luck
2． It ____ be quite cold in the mountains at night, so you'd better take a thick coat.
A．would B．need C．dare D．can
3．（2020高二下·和平期中）When the girl opened the window the next morning, she was excited to find the whole ground with snow.
A．to cover B．covering C．covered D．to be covered
4．（2020高二下·和平期中）Friends love to get together and talk about the days they spent together.
A．when B．that C．who D．what
5． You can't imagine the trouble I had ____ you r home in the snowstorm.
A．find B．to find C．found D．finding
6．（2019高一上·天津月考）When I _______ writing the letter, I will take you to the lake for boating.
A．have finished B．had finished C．will finished D．finished
7．（2019高一上·天津月考）Located in the heart of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, is a place worth ________.
A．to be visited B．being visited C．to visit D．visiting
8．（2019高一上·天津月考）Mozi, ________ beliefs were in some ways similar to those of Confucius, spent many years trying to find a state _________ people would follow his teachings.
A．who; where B．whose; when C．whose; where D．who; which
9． In our school, the teachers often creates an environment ____ we are given the opportunity to solve problems ourselves.
A．where B．when C．which D．whom
10．（2020高一上·天津期末）John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.
A．why B．when C．which D．that
11．—Hi, Jack. Let's go skating.
—Wait a minute, Johnson. I ____ my homework in ten minutes.
A．finish B．finished C．am finishing D．have finished
12． If you keep on driving so fast, you'll ____in hospital sooner or later.
A．dry up B．turn up C．end up D．give up
13． David donated a large sum of money and some necessities to the charity, ____he received a heartfelt letter of thanks from the organization.
A．for which B．with whom C．about whose D．in where
14．____more than 21,000 km, the Great Wall of China is famous around the world.
A．To measure B．Measuring
C．Having measured D．Measured
15． All of you ____ at the school gate! We'll soon start.
A．have gathered B．gather C．are gathering D．gathered
二、第一部分：英语知识运用，第二节：完形填空(共 20 小题； 每小题 1 分，满分 20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
It was summer and I had gotten one of the few jobs a 14-year-old can find—working at Burger King, a fast food restaurant. It 16． wasn't a good job, but it meant money, 17． was something I needed.
One day, I was working behind the front counter, taking 18． . The customers were coming and going, and the woman who 19． didn't seem any different from most others.
She ordered her meal and I told her the total. As she searched 20． her purse to find some change, the woman soon 21． that she was about a dollar short."I'm 22． to say this, but I guess I won't be able to make my purchase after all," she said 23． .
That's when I had the idea of paying the difference for her. She refused at first, but after I 24． , she agreed. She thanked me and moved to the end of the count er to 25． her order. I continued with my work and thought 26． more of it.
About an hour later 27． had slowed down and I was waiting for my next customer.Then I glanced over towards the 28． and saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money entering again. I 29． recognized her.
She walked straight up to me and said,"I want to thank you again for what you did.You see, I'm a diabetic(糖尿病患者), and 30． I need to eat something right away. That's 31． I came in earlier. If you hadn't helped me as you did, I 32． have fainted. Thank you."
She handed me two dollars, 33． I'd given her.
34． the woman walk away, I realized that God had used me to help me. In the end,I was 35． not only with money but also with the satisfaction of knowing that I'd helped someone out of a tight spot.
16．A． firstly B． roughly C． certainly D． strictly
17．A． which B． what C． that D． it
18．A． menus B． orders C． service D． food
19．A． reached B． moved C． presented D． approached
20．A． through B． for C． about D． across
21．A． recognized B． realized C． admitted D． said
22．A． surprised B． disappointed C． embarrassed D． excited
23．A． quickly B． slowly C． expectedly D． sadly
24．A． intended B． insisted C． argued D． applied
25．A． pick up B． pick out C． carry out D． bring out
26．A． none B． anything C． nothing D． something
27．A． customers B． orders C． pressure D． business
28．A． entrance B． restaurant C． counter D． window
29．A． suddenly B． immediately C． surely D． completely
30．A． at a time B． at no time
C． at one time D． at times
31．A． when B． where C． why D． how
32．A． shall B． may C． might D． need
33．A． twice that B． twice what C． that twice D． what twice
34．A． Watching B． Looking C． Observing D． Noticing
35．A． awarded B． honored C． returned D． rewarded
三、第三部分：阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15 小题； 每题2 分，满分 30分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读理解
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything.I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered,"Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish", I remember being even more upset then because,"I'm not a fish!"I didn't know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes... The more I understood fish,the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say,"We all need to think like sales people."But it didn't completely make sense. My dad never once said,"If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman."What he said was, "You need to think like a fish." Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
36．Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine
A．He could not catch a fish.
B．His father was not patient with him.
C．His father did not teach him fishing.
D．He could not influence a fish as his father did.
37．What did the author's father really mean
A．To read about fish.
B．To learn fishing by oneself.
C．To understand what fish think.
D．To study fishing in many ways.
38．According to the author, fish are most likely to be found ____.
A．in deep water on sunny days
B．in deep water on cloud y days
C．in shallow water under sunlight
D．in shallow water under waterside trees
39．After entering the business world, the author found ____.
A．it easy to think like a customer
B．his father's fishing advice inspiring
C．his first boss's sales ideas reasonable
D．it difficult to sell services to poor people
40．This passage most likely comes from ____.
A．a fishing guide B．a popular sales book
C．a novel on childhood D．a millionaire's biography
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读理解
Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world's first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.
In two weeks' time Bergqvist's ice creation will be nothing more than a pod of water."We don't see it as a big problem,"he says."We just look forward to replacing it."
Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition. It was so successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters. Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1 000 tons of snow onto a wooden base; when the snow froze,the base was removed."The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door,he says.
After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success. With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break."It's great fun,"Bergqvist explains,"as well as a good start in survival training."
The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms."You can get a lot of people in,"explains Bergqvist."The beds are three meters wide by two meters long, and can fit at least four at one time."
41．Bergqvist designed and built the world's first igloo hotel because ____.
A．he believed people would enjoy trying something new
B．he wanted to make a name for the small town
C．an art exhibition was about to open
D．more hotel rooms were needed
42．When the writer says"the fun will be over,"he refers to the fact that ____.
A．hotel guests will be frightened at the thought of the hard test
B．Bergqvist's hotel will soon become a pool of water
C．holidaymakers will soon get tired of the big igloo
D．a bigger igloo will replace the present one
43．According to the text, the first thing to do in building an igloo is ____.
A．to gather a pool of water
B．to prepare a wooden base
C．to cover the ground with ice
D．to pile a large amount of snow
44．When guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that ____.
A．they have visited Lapland
B．they have had an ice-snow holiday
C．they have had great fun sleeping on ice
D．they have had a taste of adventure
45．Which of the four pictures below is the closest to the igloo hotel as described in the text
A． B．
C． D．
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读理解
As someone who's been studying English for many years now, you might think you know the English language pretty well. But if you overheard a British person say,"A Billy left some bees and honey in my sherbet(冰冻果露) last night,"would you understand what they meant
Probably not, but many native speakers may not know what this person was saying either.
The example above was a sentence that a London taxi driver might say to another member of his or her tribe. In plain English, the sentence would be,"A customer left some money in my cab last night."
So, what exactly is meant by"tribe"
A recent article on the BBC Culture website pointed out that nearly all of us are a part of a tribe. This is a group that defines(定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own"secret language", as the BBC called it.
If you work in a certain industry—education, for example—you may use slang words(俚语) and acronyms(首字母缩略词) that only other people who work in that industry would understand. Or if you live in a certain city, you might use a slang word to describe a landmark in the city that only locals would understand.
These so-called secret languages each have their own fascinating history. In the US,for example, the underground"ballroom"(舞厅) tribe of 1970s and 80s New York City and its language were showcased in the 2018 FX show Pose.
These secret words don't always stay within their tribes, however. Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people's everyday vocabulary. For example, the phrase"to have beef"——meaning"to be in a conflict"—was made popular by US rappers. Today, it's widely used by na tive English speakers all over the world.
As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote,"We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes(内部笑话). And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out."
46．The example at the beginning of the text is mainly used to ____.
A．explain the meaning of tribes
B．prove that English is hard to learn
C．teach readers how to communicate with London cab drivers
D．show how the languages of tribes are often difficult for outsiders to understand
47．What can we know about secret languages
A．They mostly came from musical cultures.
B．They first started in New York City in the 1980s.
C．They have failed to become popular among young people.
D．Some words from them are popular in everyday conversation.
48．How did the phrase"to have beef"become popular in everyday vocabulary
A．It was showcased in the 2018 FX show Pose.
B．It was employed by US rappers in their works.
C．It was created by a specific musical culture.
D．It was featured in a recent article on the BBC Culture website.
49．What is the main idea of the article
A．The history and influence of secret languages in different tribes.
B．How slang and acronyms are used in different industries and cities.
C．The popularity of US rappers and their contribution to everyday vocabulary.
D．A showcase of the underground ball room tribe's language in 2018 FX show Pose.
50．What is Dent's attitude toward the future of secret languages
A．Uninterested. B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Objective.
四、第四部分：读写综合，第一节 阅读表达(共 5 小题； 每小题 2 分，满分 10分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
"I can't believe you have driven from Florida to Tennessee for me,"said Kyle, as tears filled his eyes. We talked in a private room in the church while groomsmen(伴郎) paced outside the open door. In a few minutes, the wedding would change Kyle's life. It was a significant occasion for me, too, because I had been his second-grade teacher and mentor(导师) for the past twenty years.
It started when Kyle was assigned to my second-grade classroom. On the first day of class, I approached the thin, sad-looking boy with messy blond hair."Welcome to my class,Kyle,"I said. He looked at the floor and didn't respond. When I helped him with his assignments(作业) during the week, I noticed he didn't know how to properly finish his work and his writing was messy. He attempted some lessons but often had wrong answers.
During a talk with his grandmother, who was raising Kyle. she said,"I'm thankful that you are his teacher. He never liked his teacher before, but he adores you. I wonder how he has been a different kettle of fish over the months. At home, Kyle now behaves better. He begins to listen to me and obey my orders. What's more, it seems that he has fallen in love with his study."I was glad that I could make a difference to Kyle."Unfortunately, due to some family factors, the grandmother and Kyle moved to Tennessee later.
Years later, a tall teenager visited me. It was the struggling student, Kyle. He said he had traveled to Florida to see his father and me. After that, Kyle began to visit me each summer, and we talked about his life, the importance of making good choices, etc. After graduation from school, without his parents' support. Kyle managed to start his own business, later bought a truck, and moved into his own beautiful apartment. I was really proud of him.
And now Kyle was getting married. He said,"I'm lucky that you have influenced my life."
51．Why did the author drive from Florida to Tennessee (no more than 6 words)
52．What could the author find from Kyle's assignments (no more than 10 words)
53．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3 (no more than 10 words)
54．Why was the author proud of Kyle (no more than 10 words)
55．Do you like such teachers as the author Please explain.(no more than 20 words)
五、第四部分：读写综合，第二节:单词填空(共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）根据句子意义选择适合该句的单词，并根据语境需要和构词法知识用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个多余选项。
accommodation digital locate maintain prove personality survive recommend inspire anxious capture manage structure priority determine recover
56．The strong minded boy was 　 　 to finish the task on time, despite all the difficulties he was going through.
57．To our relief, the doctor said Jane would 　 　from the injury if she had the operation.
58．The businessman donated many computers and 　 　cameras to the school.
59．The parents were 　 　 about the safety of their children who went on the trip by themselves.
60．His elder brother is an ambitious man with a strong 　 　.
61．Nowadays, a lot of small companies have to fight for their 　 　.
62．He has already 　 　 to his boss that his theory can be put into practice.
63．　 　a good relationship with your customers is the key to the success of your business.
64．We were greatly 　 　 by his courageous deed in the fire.
65．When we were in South Africa, our 　 　 was in a location where we could watch animals wandering past on their way to the waterhole.
66．To deliver all the goods in one day was really a challenging job, but he 　 　to complete it.
67．　 　off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the biggest structure made by living organisms.
68．She was 　 　 for the post by a colleague because of her outstanding ability.
69．Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers for whom caring for the environment is a 　 　.
70．My most frightening but magical experience was now 　 　forever in a single image.
六、第四部分：读写综合，第三节：词块填空(共 10 小题； 每小题 1 分，满分 10分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）根据句子意义选择适合该句的短语，并用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个多余选项。
concentrate on lead to be in trouble up to take to be known for in search of work out catch up on show respect to stay in touch with
71．There are so many convenient ways for you 　 　 you r faraway friends.
72．It took me almost one hour 　 　this difficult mathematics problem.
73．Even today, my British father still does not easily 　 　 eating things like chicken feet.
74．When the father figured out what his son was 　 　, he became so angry.
75．Too much work without any rest often 　 　diseases.
76．He is always ready to give a hand to the one who 　 　
77．Some animals migrate to the south 　 　warmer weather.
78．I look at those photos from time to time to remind myself to 　 　all animals.
79．Yellowstone National Park 　 　the variety of its wildlife.
80．After a day's work, cooking together with my family gives us a chance to relax and　 　each other's days.
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——Giles，这些生词我发不好音。你能帮我吗？——很乐意。你可以明天带着你的英语课本过来。A. With pleasure"愿意效劳"；B. Don't bother"不必了，不用麻烦"；C. It depends"看情况"；D. Good luck"祝你好运"。上文"Could you help me "是请求帮忙，结合空后"You can come around with your English textbook tomorrow."可知，此处是答应别人的请求，应用With pleasure。故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分With pleasure；Don't bother；It depends和Good luck的含义和使用环境。
2．【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：山里的夜晚可能会很冷，所以你最好带一件厚外套。结合句意以及下文中的"so you'd better take a thick coat."可知，此处建议最好带上厚外套，由此可知，此处应为情态动词表推测，表示"可能会"，应为can。故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，掌握can 的应用。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：第二天早上，当女孩打开窗户时，她兴奋地发现整个地都被雪覆盖了。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用find+宾语+宾语补足语，ground和cover是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作宾语补足语。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：朋友们喜欢聚在一起聊聊他们在一起度过的日子。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词days在从句中充当spent的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】考查动名词。句意：你无法想象我在暴风雪中找到你的家有多难。have trouble （in）doing sth.固定短语，"做某事有困难"，动名词作宾语，故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词作宾语，以及固定短语have trouble doing sth.。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我写完了这封信就带你去湖上划船。句中when引导时间状语从句，主句为一般将来时，根据主将从现原则，从句应用一般现在时或者现在完成时表将来，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
7．【答案】D
【知识点】动词的固定搭配；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：坐落于北京城腹地，皇宫，又名紫禁城，是一个值得参观的地方。be worth doing 固定短语，值得（被）做……，doing是主动形式表被动意义，故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语be worth doing。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：墨子，他的信仰在某些方面和孔子的相似，花了很多年时间试图找到一个国家，在那个国家人们可以遵循他的教导。分析句子可知，两个设空处都是定语从句的关系词；第一空：先行词Mozi在从句________ beliefs were in some ways similar to those of Confucius中充当定语，故填whose；第二空：先行词state在从句_________ people would follow his teachings.中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where，选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose和关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
9．【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们学校，老师经常创造一个环境，让我们有机会自己解决问题。 ____ we are given the opportunity to solve problems ourselves是限制性定语从句，先行词是an environment ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：他的成功与运气没有关系，是多年的努力造就了他的今天。此句是强调句型，基本结构为：It is+被强调部分+that+其余部分。故选D。
【点评】考查强调句式，掌握其结构“It is+被强调部分+that+其余部分。”
11．【答案】C
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，杰克。我们去溜冰吧。——等等，约翰逊。我十分钟后就要完成作业了。时间状语"in+时间段"与将来时连用，be doing 是现在进行时表将来。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在进行时表将来。
12．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你继续开这么快，你迟早会进医院的。A. dry up"枯竭"；B. turn up"出现"；C. end up"结束"；D. give up"放弃""。根据"If you keep on driving so fast"此处指迟早会进医院，为end up in。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分dry up；turn up；end up和give up的含义。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：大卫向慈善机构捐赠了一大笔钱和一些生活必需品，为此他收到了该机构发自内心的感谢信。 ____he received a heartfelt letter of thanks from the organizatio 是非限制性定语从句，结合句意，此处应为"介词+关系代词"结构的非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，应用介词for，表示原因，作介词的宾语，指事物，应用for which引导。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及"介词+which"引导的非限制性定语从句。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：中国的长城全长21000多公里，举世闻名。measure与逻辑主语 the Great Wall of China 构成主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：所有人到学校门口集合，我们马上要出发了。根据句意可知，此处为祈使句（表示强调或明确表达说话对象，可以把动作的逻辑主语前置），带有命令的口气，相当于"All of you , please gather at the school gate!"，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选B。
【点评】考查祈使句，掌握其用法。
【答案】16．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．A；21．B；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．D；28．A；29．B；30．D；31．C；32．C；33．B；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在快餐店前台工作期间，作者帮助一位没有带够钱的女士补齐了差额，后来，这位女士专程来表达谢意并还了双倍的钱，这件事情给作者带来感悟和满足。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，定语从句，介词，代词，表语从句，情态动词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：这当然不是一份好工作，但它意味着钱，这是我需要的东西。A. firstly"首先"；B. roughly "粗略地"；C. certainly"当然"；D. strictly"严格地"。根据空后"wasn't a good job"和"but it meant money,"可知，上下文有转折对比关系，下文是对这份工作的肯定，上文是它的否定，certainly加强否定的语气，更能强化这一对比关系 。故选C。
17．句意：这当然不是一份好工作，但它意味着钱，这是我需要的东西。A. which关系代词；B. what连接代词；C. that关系代词；D. it"它"代词。 was something I needed是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词money，关系词将先行词代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。
18．句意：有一天，我在前台工作，接受顾客下单。A. menus"菜单"；B. orders"命令，点餐"；C. service"服务"；D. food"食物"。根据空前"I was working behind the front counter"和常识可知，快餐店前台的工作就是接受顾客下单。故选B。
19．句意：顾客们进进出出，走过来的女人似乎与大多数人没有什么不同。A. reached"到达"；B. moved"移动"；C. presented"展现"；D. approached"走近，接近"。根据下文"She ordered her meal and I told her the total."可知这位女士向前台走来点餐。故选D。
20．句意：当她在钱包里找零钱时，她很快意识到她少了一美元。A. through"穿过，从头到尾检查"；B. for"为了"；C. about"关于"；D. across "从……的一边到另一边"。根据语境可知，此处指她翻遍了钱包找零钱。search through some place for something"彻底搜查某处找某物"，故选A。
21．句意：当她在钱包里找零钱时，她很快意识到她少了一美元。A. recognized"认出"；B. realized "意识到，察觉"；C. admitted"承认"；D. said"说"。根据空后"she was about a dollar short"；以及下文"I guess I won't be able to make my purchase"可知，她找遍钱包后发现自己钱不够。故选B。
22．句意："我很不好意思这么说，但我想我最终还是不能买东西了，"她悲伤地说。A. surprised"惊讶的"；B. disappointed"失望的"；C. embarrassed"尴尬的"；D. excited"激动的"。女士点了餐，但却发现差一美元，这是令人尴尬的事情。故选C。
23．句意："我很不好意思这么说，但我想我最终还是不能买东西了，"她悲伤地说。A. quickly"快速地"；B. slowly"缓慢地"；C. expectedly"预期地"；D. sadly"悲伤地"。根据空前"I guess I won't be able to make my purchase after all"可知，她悲伤地说自己不能买东西了。故选D。
24．句意：起初她拒绝了，但在我的坚持下，她同意了。A. intended"打算"；B. insisted"坚持"；C. argued"争论"；D. applied"应用"。根据空后"she agreed"可知，在作者的坚持下，对方同意了。故选B。
25．句意：她谢过我，走到柜台的尽头取餐。A. pick up"拿，捡起"；B. pick out"挑出"；C. carry out"执行"；D. bring out"使显示"。根据空后"her order"指她到柜台一头去取餐。故选A。
26．句意：我继续工作，不再去想它。A. none"一个没有"；B. anything"任何事物"；C. nothing "没有一件东西"；D. something"某事"。根据语境，帮助了那位女士后，我继续工作，不再想那件事情。think nothing of...固定短语，"不把……当一回事"，故选C。
27．句意：大约一个小时后，生意慢了下来，我在等下一位顾客。A. customers"客户"；B. orders"命令"；C. pressure"压力"；D. business"生意，业务"。根据空后"I was waiting for my next customer"可知，我在等客人，说明高峰期已过，业务少了下来。故选D。
28．句意：然后我朝门口瞥了一眼，看见我帮着付钱的那个女人又进来了。A. entrance" 入口"；B. restaurant"餐馆"；C. counter"柜台"；D. window"窗户"。根据空后"saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money entering again "可知，我看的是门口，看到那位女士又进来了。故选A。
29．句意：我立刻认出了她。A. suddenly"突然"；B. immediately"马上"；C. surely"当然"；D. completely"完全地"。根据空前"saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money"说明一看到她，我就认出来她是谁了。故选B。
30．句意：你看，我是糖尿病患者，有时候我需要马上吃点东西。A. at a time"每次"；B. at no time"绝不"；C. at one time"曾经"；D. at times"有时"。根据空前"I'm a diabetic (糖尿病患者) , and"以及常识可知，糖尿病患者有时需要马上吃点东西。故选D。
31．句意：那是我之前来店里的原因。A. when"何时"；B. where"何地"；C. why"为什么"；D. how"如何"。 I came in earlier 是表语从句，这位女士在解释为什么之前到店里来买吃的，用连接副词why引导该从句，表示"为什么"。故选C。
32．句意：要不是你那样帮助我，我可能都晕倒了。A. shall"将"；B. may"可能"；C. might"可能"；D. need"需要"。句中使用了if引导的虚拟条件句，是对过去情况的一种假设，从句中用"had+动词的过去分词"，主句用"would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词"。故选C。
33．句意：她给了我两美元，是我给她的两倍。"基数词+times或者twice+what从句"是倍数的一种表达形式，其中表示倍数的数词要置于前，由what从句引导出比较对象。故选B。
34．句意：看着那个女人走开，我意识到上帝利用我来帮助我自己。A. Watching"注视，专注地看"；B. Looking "看，瞧"；C. Observing"认真观察"；D. Noticing"注意到"。句中指我目送那位女士离开，看的同时在反思，用watch更合适。故选A。
35．句意：最后，我得到的奖励不仅是钱，还有一种满足感，那就是我帮助别人摆脱了困境。A. awarded "授予"；B. honored"尊敬"；C. returned"返回"；D. rewarded"奖励"。根据空后"money"和"satisfaction"可知，这是给我的奖励。故选D。
【答案】36．A
37．C
38．D
39．B
40．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过以父亲教授他钓鱼时，要像鱼一样思考，学会钓鱼的道理，告诉大家从事商业销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset. "但这不是很有趣的是，他可以抓很多鱼，而我什么也抓不到。我通常很沮丧。所以作者感到沮丧，是因为他一条鱼也抓不到。故选A。
37．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them."我越了解鱼，我越能有效的找到并抓住鱼。由可推断父亲的意思是了解鱼的想法。故选C。
38．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. "我了解到鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。这就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为前者比较温暖。此外，水在阳光直射下通常比在阴凉处更暖和。然而，鱼却没有眼皮，太阳会伤害它们的眼睛。可推断，根据作者的说法，鱼最有可能出现在浅水区的水边树下。故选D。
39．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers"，我逐渐了解我们需要像消费者一样去思考，这与父亲的"You need to think like a fish"相似，可推断，作者进入商界后，作者发现他父亲的钓鱼建议很有启发性。故选B。
40．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters"这不是一份轻松的工作，我将在下面几章里向你们展示如何去做。可推断这篇短文很可能来自一本畅销书。故选B。
【答案】41．A
42．B
43．B
44．D
45．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了是一种新型的宾馆，是由冰做成的。并详细描述了这个宾馆的具体的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world's first igloo hotel."厌倦了炙热的海滩和过热的酒店房间的度假者会选择一个大冰屋。瑞典商人Nile Bergqvist对他的新酒店很满意，这是世界上第一家冰屋酒店。可知，Bergqvist设计并建造了世界上第一家冰屋酒店，因为很多游客都厌倦了以前旧的度假的方式，想要尝试一些新鲜的事物。故选A。
42．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In two weeks' time Bergqvist's ice creation will be nothing more than a pool of water."两周后，Bergqvist创造的冰将变成一池水。可知，Bergqvist的宾馆都是由冰做的，所以当气温提高的时候，这些东西都会融化，成为一池水。故选B。
43．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base; when the snow froze, the base was removed."6名工人花了8个多星期把1000吨雪堆在一个木制底座上；当雪结冰时，基座就被移走了。可推知，建造冰屋的第一件事是准备木头底座。故选B。
44．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success."在他们停留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证书，记录他们的成功。可知，当客人离开冰屋旅馆时，他们会收到一份生存证书，证明他们冒险成功。故选D。
45．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break."没有窗户，没有地方挂衣服，温度低于0℃，这看起来更像是一场生存测试，而不是放松的酒店休息；以及 第三段中的"The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door"我们在冰屋里唯一留下的木制东西是前门。 可知，冰屋没有窗户只有木头做的前门。故选A。
【答案】46．D
47．D
48．B
49．A
50．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各地的不同群体都有自己"秘密"语言。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
46．考查推理判断。根据第二段"Probably not, but many native speakers may not know what this person was saying either."可能不会，但许多母语人士可能也不知道这个人在说什么。可知，许多以英语为母语的人可能也不知道这个人在说什么，可推断出，作者开始举例是为了说明不同群体的语言常常外人难以理解。故选D。
47．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people's everyday vocabulary. For example, the phrase ‘to have beef' —— meaning ‘to be in a conflict' —was made popular by US rappers. Today, it's widely used by native English speakers all over the world."来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。例如，短语"to have beef"——意思是"陷入冲突"——是由美国说唱歌手流行起来的。今天，它被世界各地以英语为母语的人广泛使用。可知，一些部落的词汇经常进入人们的日常词汇，而且这些词汇被各地以英语为母语的人广泛使用，所以说，一些来自群体的秘密语言在日常生活中很流行。故选D。
48．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"For example, the phrase ‘to have beef' — meaning ‘to be in a conflict' — was made popular by US rappers."例如，短语"to have beef"——意思是"陷入冲突"——是由美国说唱歌手流行起来的。可知，短语"to have beef"由美国说唱歌手而流行起来，所以说，该短语之所以在日常生活中流行起来是因为被说唱歌手引用。故选B。
49．考查主旨大意。根据第五段中的"A recent article on the BBC Culture website pointed out that nearly all of us are a part of a tribe. This is a group that defines (定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own ‘secret language', as the BBC called it."BBC文化网站最近的一篇文章指出，几乎我们所有人都是一个部落的一部分。这是一个定义我们是谁，甚至我们如何说话的群体。正如BBC所说，每个部落都有自己的"秘密语言"。可知，几乎每个人都是一个部落的一部分，而且每个部落都有自己"秘密语言"；倒数第三段中的"These so-called secret languages each have their own fascinating history."这些所谓的秘密语言都有各自迷人的历史；以及倒数第二段中的"These secret words don't always stay within their tribes, however. Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people's everyday vocabulary. "然而，这些暗语并不总是只存在于他们的部落中。来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。可知，这些来自于不同部落的秘密语言都有自己的历史，而且会进入日常生活而流行起来，综合以上信息可知，本文主要介绍的是不同部落秘密语言的历史及其影响。故选A。
50．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote, ‘We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes (内部笑话). And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out.'"正如BBC记者Susie Dent所写,"我们都被神奇的秘密语言包围着，这些语言充满了历史、故事和笑话。有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束。"可知，Susie Dent认为有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束，可推知，Dent对秘密语言未来的态度是很自信的。故选C。
【答案】51．To attend Kyle's wedding.
52．Kyle had great difficulty with his study.
53．Kyle has changed greatly/ so much.
54．Kyle made some achievements in life on his own.
55．Yes, I do. Because such teachers sincerely love and care for their students and have a far-reaching influence on them.
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者帮助学生凯尔学习，到凯尔一步步变得更好，作者为他感到骄傲。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和开放性试题三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
51．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In a few minutes, the wedding would change Kyle's life."几分钟后，婚礼将改变凯尔的生活。可知，作者为从佛罗里达开车到田纳西是为了参加凯尔的婚礼。故答案为To attend Kyle's wedding.
52．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When I helped him with his assignments (作业) during the week, I noticed he didn't know how to properly finish his work and his writing was messy."当我在一周内帮他做作业时，我注意到他不知道如何正确地完成他的学习，他的写作很乱。可知，作者从凯尔的作业中发现凯尔学习有困难。故答案为Kyle had great difficulty with his study.
53．考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的"At home, Kyle now behaves better. He begins to listen to me and obey my orders. What's more, it seems that he has fallen in love with his study."在家里，凯尔现在表现得更好了。他开始听我的话，服从我的命令。更重要的是，他似乎已经爱上了他的学习；以及"I was glad that I could make a difference to Kyle. "我很高兴我能给凯尔带来改变。可知，凯尔祖母的话表明凯尔变化很大。故划线句"he has been a different kettle of fish "意思是"凯尔变化很大"。故答案为Kyle has changed greatly/ so much.
54．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"After graduation from school, without his parents' support. Kyle managed to start his own business, later bought a truck, and moved into his own beautiful apartment. I was really proud of him."从学校毕业后，没有父母的支持。凯尔成功地开始了自己的事业，后来买了一辆卡车，搬进了自己漂亮的公寓。我真的为他感到骄傲。可知，作者为凯尔感到骄傲因为凯尔靠自己的力量取得了一些成就。故答案为Kyle made some achievements in life on his own.
55．考查开放性试题。根据"你喜欢像作者这样的老师吗？请解释一下"可回答"是的，我喜欢。因为这样的老师真诚地爱和关心他们的学生，对他们产生了深远的影响。"故答案为Yes, I do. Because such teachers sincerely love and care for their students and have a far-reaching influence on them.
【答案】56．determined
57．recover
58．digital
59．anxious
60．personality
61．survival
62．proved
63．Maintaining
64．inspired
65．accommodation
66．managed
67．Located
68．recommended
69．priority
70．captured
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】accommodation名词，"住宿"； digital形容词，"数字的"；locate 动词，"使坐落于"；maintain动词，"维持，维护"； prove 动词，"证明"；personality名词，"个性"； survive动词，"幸免，幸存" ；recommend 动词，"推荐"；inspire动词，"鼓舞"；anxious 形容词，"焦急的，渴望的"；capture动词，"捕获，俘获"； manage动词，"设法，管理"； structure名词，"结构"； priority名词，"优先，优先权"； determine动词，"决定，决心"； recover动词，"康复"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
56．句意：尽管遇到了种种困难，这个意志坚强的男孩还是决心按时完成任务。由"despite all the difficulties he was going through"可知，句子表示"尽管遇到了种种困难，这个意志坚强的男孩还是决心按时完成任务"，空格处意为"下定决心的"，用形容词作表语，是determined，故填determined。
57．句意：令我们宽慰的是，医生说如果简做手术，她的伤就会好起来。由"To our relief"可知，句子表示"令我们宽慰的是，医生说如果简做手术，她的伤就会好起来"，空格处意为"恢复 "，是recover，would是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填recover。
58．句意：这位商人向学校捐赠了许多电脑和数码相机。由"cameras"可知，句子表示"这位商人向学校捐赠了许多电脑和数码相机"，空格处意为"数码的"，用形容词作定语，修饰名词cameras，是digital，故填digital。
59．句意：孩子们独自去旅行，父母为他们的安全担心。由"by themselves"可知，句子表示"孩子们独自去旅行，父母为他们的安全担心"，空格处意为"担心的"，用形容词作表语，是anxious，故填anxious。
60．句意：他哥哥是个有野心、个性很强的人。由"His elder brother is an ambitious man"可知，句子表示"他哥哥是个有野心、个性很强的人"，空格处意为"个性"，是personality，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填personality。
61．句意：如今，许多小公司不得不为生存而战。由"a lot of small companies have to fight for"可知，句子表示"许多小公司不得不为生存而战"，空格处意为"生存"，their后跟名词，"生存"的名词是survival，是不可数名词，故填survival。
62．句意：他已经向老板证明了他的理论可以付诸实践。由"to his boss that his theory can be put into practice"可知，句子表示"他已经向老板证明了他的理论可以付诸实践"，空格处意为"证明"，是prove，由has可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处用过去分词，故填proved。
63．句意：与客户保持良好的关系是生意成功的关键。由"a good relationship with your customers"可知，句子表示"与客户保持良好的关系是生意成功的关键"，空格处意为"保持"，是maintain，用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Maintaining。
64．句意：他在火灾中的勇敢行为使我们深受鼓舞。由"by his courageous deed in the fire"可知，句子表示"他在火灾中的勇敢行为使我们深受鼓舞"，空格处意为"鼓舞"，是inspire，我们是被鼓舞，句子用被动语态，空前有were，空格处用过去分词，故填inspired。
65．句意：当我们在南非的时候，我们的住处在一个我们可以看到动物在去水坑的路上徘徊的地方。由"in a location where we could watch animals wandering past on their way t the waterhole"可知，句子表示"当我们在南非的时候，我们的住处在一个我们可以看到动物在去水坑的路上徘徊的地方"，空格处意为"住处"，our后跟名词，"住处"的名词是accommodation，是一个住处，因此空格处用单数，故填accommodation。
66．句意：要在一天内把所有的货物都送出去确实是一项具有挑战性的工作，但他设法完成了。由"To deliver all the goods in one day was really a challenging job, but"可知，句子表示"要在一天内把所有的货物都送出去确实是一项具有挑战性的工作，但他设法完成了"，空格处意为"设法做成"，是manage，由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填managed。
67．句意：大堡礁位于澳大利亚海岸外，是由生物构成的最大的结构。由"off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef"可知，句子表示"大堡礁位于澳大利亚海岸外"，空格处意为"位于"，是locate，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，the Great Barrier Reef和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Located。
68．句意：由于她能力出众，一位同事推荐她担任这个职位。由"because of her outstanding ability"可知，句子表示"由于她能力出众，一位同事推荐她担任这个职位"，空格处意为"推荐"，是recommend，她是被推荐，句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，故填recommended。
69．句意：天然染料也越来越受到重视环保的消费者的欢迎。由"Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers for whom caring for the environment"可知，句子表示"天然染料也越来越受到重视环保的消费者的欢迎"，空格处意为"优先考虑的事情"，是priority，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填priority。
70．句意：我最可怕但又神奇的经历被永远地记录在一张照片里。由"in a single image"可知，句子表示"我最可怕但又神奇的经历被永远地记录在一张照片里"，空格处意为"拍摄"，是capture，经历是被拍，因此句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，故填captured。
【答案】71．to stay in touch with
72．to work out
73．take to
74．up to
75．leads to
76．is in trouble
77．in search of
78．show respect to
79．is known for
80．catch up on
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】concentrate on 动词短语，"集中于，专心于"； lead to动词短语，"通往，导致"； be in trouble 动词短语，"处于困境"； up to介词短语，"从事，忙于"； take to 动词短语，"喜欢"； be known for动词短语，"因.....而出名"；in search of 介词短语，"寻找"； work out 动词短语，"计算出，生效，锻炼" ；catch up on 动词短语，"了解"；show respect to动词短语，"对.....表示尊敬"； stay in touch with动词短语"保持联系"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
71．句意：有很多方便的方法可以让你和远方的朋友保持联系。根据"your faraway friends"以及句意"保持联系"可知应填stay in touch with，此处为for sb. to do sth.，为不定式。故填to stay in touch with。
72．句意：我花了将近一个小时才算出这道数学题。根据"this difficult mathematics problem"以及句意"算出"可知应填work out，此处为句型it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.。故填to work out。
73．句意：直到今天，我的英国父亲仍然不太喜欢吃鸡爪之类的东西。根据"eating things like chicken feet"以及句意"喜欢"可知应填take to，此处为否定陈述句，应用原形。故填take to。
74．句意：当父亲发现儿子在做什么时，他非常生气。根据"he became so angry"以及句意"做某事"可知应用up to，故填up to。
75．句意：过度工作而不休息常常导致疾病。根据"diseases"以及句意"导致"可知应填lead to，根据often可知为一般现在时，主语为Too much work without any rest，谓语用三单形式。故填leads to。
76．句意：他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。根据"He is always ready to give a hand"以及句意"有困难"可知应用be in trouble，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词one保持一致，用单数。故填is in trouble。
77．句意：有些动物迁徙到南方去寻找温暖的天气。根据"warmer weather"以及句意"寻找"可知应用in search of，故填in search of。
78．句意：我不时地看这些照片，提醒自己要尊重所有的动物。根据"I look at those photos from time to time to remind myself to"以及句意"尊重"可知应填show respect to，上文为短语remind oneself to do sth.。故填show respect to。
79．句意：黄石国家公园以其种类繁多的野生动物而闻名。根据"the variety of its wildlife"以及句意"以……而闻名"可知应填be known for，陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is known for。
80．句意：在一天的工作之后，和家人一起做饭给了我们一个放松和了解彼此生活的机会。根据"each other's days"以及句意"了解"可知应填catch up on，此处为不定式作后置定语。故填catch up on。
1 / 1天津市和平区名校2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题
一、第一部分：英语知识运用，第一节: 单项填空，从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共 15 小题; 每小题 0.5 分, 满分7.5 分)
1．—Giles,I have difficulty pronouncing these new words well. Could you help me
—____. You can come around with your English textbook tomorrow.
A．With pleasure B．Don't bother
C．It depends D．Good luck
【答案】A
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——Giles，这些生词我发不好音。你能帮我吗？——很乐意。你可以明天带着你的英语课本过来。A. With pleasure"愿意效劳"；B. Don't bother"不必了，不用麻烦"；C. It depends"看情况"；D. Good luck"祝你好运"。上文"Could you help me "是请求帮忙，结合空后"You can come around with your English textbook tomorrow."可知，此处是答应别人的请求，应用With pleasure。故选A。
【点评】考查情景交际，区分With pleasure；Don't bother；It depends和Good luck的含义和使用环境。
2． It ____ be quite cold in the mountains at night, so you'd better take a thick coat.
A．would B．need C．dare D．can
【答案】D
【知识点】情态动词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：山里的夜晚可能会很冷，所以你最好带一件厚外套。结合句意以及下文中的"so you'd better take a thick coat."可知，此处建议最好带上厚外套，由此可知，此处应为情态动词表推测，表示"可能会"，应为can。故选D。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，掌握can 的应用。
3．（2020高二下·和平期中）When the girl opened the window the next morning, she was excited to find the whole ground with snow.
A．to cover B．covering C．covered D．to be covered
【答案】C
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：第二天早上，当女孩打开窗户时，她兴奋地发现整个地都被雪覆盖了。根据句意和结构可知这句话使用find+宾语+宾语补足语，ground和cover是动宾关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作宾语补足语。
4．（2020高二下·和平期中）Friends love to get together and talk about the days they spent together.
A．when B．that C．who D．what
【答案】B
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：朋友们喜欢聚在一起聊聊他们在一起度过的日子。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词指代先行词days在从句中充当spent的宾语，应用关系代词which/that。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句。
5． You can't imagine the trouble I had ____ you r home in the snowstorm.
A．find B．to find C．found D．finding
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语；动名词
【解析】【分析】考查动名词。句意：你无法想象我在暴风雪中找到你的家有多难。have trouble （in）doing sth.固定短语，"做某事有困难"，动名词作宾语，故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及动名词作宾语，以及固定短语have trouble doing sth.。
6．（2019高一上·天津月考）When I _______ writing the letter, I will take you to the lake for boating.
A．have finished B．had finished C．will finished D．finished
【答案】A
【知识点】现在完成时
【解析】【分析】句意：我写完了这封信就带你去湖上划船。句中when引导时间状语从句，主句为一般将来时，根据主将从现原则，从句应用一般现在时或者现在完成时表将来，故选A。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在完成时。
7．（2019高一上·天津月考）Located in the heart of Beijing, the Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, is a place worth ________.
A．to be visited B．being visited C．to visit D．visiting
【答案】D
【知识点】动词的固定搭配；动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：坐落于北京城腹地，皇宫，又名紫禁城，是一个值得参观的地方。be worth doing 固定短语，值得（被）做……，doing是主动形式表被动意义，故选D。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，以及固定短语be worth doing。
8．（2019高一上·天津月考）Mozi, ________ beliefs were in some ways similar to those of Confucius, spent many years trying to find a state _________ people would follow his teachings.
A．who; where B．whose; when C．whose; where D．who; which
【答案】C
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：墨子，他的信仰在某些方面和孔子的相似，花了很多年时间试图找到一个国家，在那个国家人们可以遵循他的教导。分析句子可知，两个设空处都是定语从句的关系词；第一空：先行词Mozi在从句________ beliefs were in some ways similar to those of Confucius中充当定语，故填whose；第二空：先行词state在从句_________ people would follow his teachings.中充当地点状语，故用关系副词where，选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whose和关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
9． In our school, the teachers often creates an environment ____ we are given the opportunity to solve problems ourselves.
A．where B．when C．which D．whom
【答案】A
【知识点】关系副词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：在我们学校，老师经常创造一个环境，让我们有机会自己解决问题。 ____ we are given the opportunity to solve problems ourselves是限制性定语从句，先行词是an environment ，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where，故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句。
10．（2020高一上·天津期末）John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.
A．why B．when C．which D．that
【答案】D
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：他的成功与运气没有关系，是多年的努力造就了他的今天。此句是强调句型，基本结构为：It is+被强调部分+that+其余部分。故选D。
【点评】考查强调句式，掌握其结构“It is+被强调部分+that+其余部分。”
11．—Hi, Jack. Let's go skating.
—Wait a minute, Johnson. I ____ my homework in ten minutes.
A．finish B．finished C．am finishing D．have finished
【答案】C
【知识点】现在进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，杰克。我们去溜冰吧。——等等，约翰逊。我十分钟后就要完成作业了。时间状语"in+时间段"与将来时连用，be doing 是现在进行时表将来。故选C。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及现在进行时表将来。
12． If you keep on driving so fast, you'll ____in hospital sooner or later.
A．dry up B．turn up C．end up D．give up
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你继续开这么快，你迟早会进医院的。A. dry up"枯竭"；B. turn up"出现"；C. end up"结束"；D. give up"放弃""。根据"If you keep on driving so fast"此处指迟早会进医院，为end up in。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分dry up；turn up；end up和give up的含义。
13． David donated a large sum of money and some necessities to the charity, ____he received a heartfelt letter of thanks from the organization.
A．for which B．with whom C．about whose D．in where
【答案】A
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：大卫向慈善机构捐赠了一大笔钱和一些生活必需品，为此他收到了该机构发自内心的感谢信。 ____he received a heartfelt letter of thanks from the organizatio 是非限制性定语从句，结合句意，此处应为"介词+关系代词"结构的非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，应用介词for，表示原因，作介词的宾语，指事物，应用for which引导。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及"介词+which"引导的非限制性定语从句。
14．____more than 21,000 km, the Great Wall of China is famous around the world.
A．To measure B．Measuring
C．Having measured D．Measured
【答案】B
【知识点】动词现在分词
【解析】【分析】句意：中国的长城全长21000多公里，举世闻名。measure与逻辑主语 the Great Wall of China 构成主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及现在分词作状语。
15． All of you ____ at the school gate! We'll soon start.
A．have gathered B．gather C．are gathering D．gathered
【答案】B
【知识点】祈使句
【解析】【分析】句意：所有人到学校门口集合，我们马上要出发了。根据句意可知，此处为祈使句（表示强调或明确表达说话对象，可以把动作的逻辑主语前置），带有命令的口气，相当于"All of you , please gather at the school gate!"，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选B。
【点评】考查祈使句，掌握其用法。
二、第一部分：英语知识运用，第二节：完形填空(共 20 小题； 每小题 1 分，满分 20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
It was summer and I had gotten one of the few jobs a 14-year-old can find—working at Burger King, a fast food restaurant. It 16． wasn't a good job, but it meant money, 17． was something I needed.
One day, I was working behind the front counter, taking 18． . The customers were coming and going, and the woman who 19． didn't seem any different from most others.
She ordered her meal and I told her the total. As she searched 20． her purse to find some change, the woman soon 21． that she was about a dollar short."I'm 22． to say this, but I guess I won't be able to make my purchase after all," she said 23． .
That's when I had the idea of paying the difference for her. She refused at first, but after I 24． , she agreed. She thanked me and moved to the end of the count er to 25． her order. I continued with my work and thought 26． more of it.
About an hour later 27． had slowed down and I was waiting for my next customer.Then I glanced over towards the 28． and saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money entering again. I 29． recognized her.
She walked straight up to me and said,"I want to thank you again for what you did.You see, I'm a diabetic(糖尿病患者), and 30． I need to eat something right away. That's 31． I came in earlier. If you hadn't helped me as you did, I 32． have fainted. Thank you."
She handed me two dollars, 33． I'd given her.
34． the woman walk away, I realized that God had used me to help me. In the end,I was 35． not only with money but also with the satisfaction of knowing that I'd helped someone out of a tight spot.
16．A． firstly B． roughly C． certainly D． strictly
17．A． which B． what C． that D． it
18．A． menus B． orders C． service D． food
19．A． reached B． moved C． presented D． approached
20．A． through B． for C． about D． across
21．A． recognized B． realized C． admitted D． said
22．A． surprised B． disappointed C． embarrassed D． excited
23．A． quickly B． slowly C． expectedly D． sadly
24．A． intended B． insisted C． argued D． applied
25．A． pick up B． pick out C． carry out D． bring out
26．A． none B． anything C． nothing D． something
27．A． customers B． orders C． pressure D． business
28．A． entrance B． restaurant C． counter D． window
29．A． suddenly B． immediately C． surely D． completely
30．A． at a time B． at no time
C． at one time D． at times
31．A． when B． where C． why D． how
32．A． shall B． may C． might D． need
33．A． twice that B． twice what C． that twice D． what twice
34．A． Watching B． Looking C． Observing D． Noticing
35．A． awarded B． honored C． returned D． rewarded
【答案】16．C；17．A；18．B；19．D；20．A；21．B；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．A；26．C；27．D；28．A；29．B；30．D；31．C；32．C；33．B；34．A；35．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在快餐店前台工作期间，作者帮助一位没有带够钱的女士补齐了差额，后来，这位女士专程来表达谢意并还了双倍的钱，这件事情给作者带来感悟和满足。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及副词，动词，名词，形容词，定语从句，介词，代词，表语从句，情态动词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：这当然不是一份好工作，但它意味着钱，这是我需要的东西。A. firstly"首先"；B. roughly "粗略地"；C. certainly"当然"；D. strictly"严格地"。根据空后"wasn't a good job"和"but it meant money,"可知，上下文有转折对比关系，下文是对这份工作的肯定，上文是它的否定，certainly加强否定的语气，更能强化这一对比关系 。故选C。
17．句意：这当然不是一份好工作，但它意味着钱，这是我需要的东西。A. which关系代词；B. what连接代词；C. that关系代词；D. it"它"代词。 was something I needed是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词money，关系词将先行词代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。
18．句意：有一天，我在前台工作，接受顾客下单。A. menus"菜单"；B. orders"命令，点餐"；C. service"服务"；D. food"食物"。根据空前"I was working behind the front counter"和常识可知，快餐店前台的工作就是接受顾客下单。故选B。
19．句意：顾客们进进出出，走过来的女人似乎与大多数人没有什么不同。A. reached"到达"；B. moved"移动"；C. presented"展现"；D. approached"走近，接近"。根据下文"She ordered her meal and I told her the total."可知这位女士向前台走来点餐。故选D。
20．句意：当她在钱包里找零钱时，她很快意识到她少了一美元。A. through"穿过，从头到尾检查"；B. for"为了"；C. about"关于"；D. across "从……的一边到另一边"。根据语境可知，此处指她翻遍了钱包找零钱。search through some place for something"彻底搜查某处找某物"，故选A。
21．句意：当她在钱包里找零钱时，她很快意识到她少了一美元。A. recognized"认出"；B. realized "意识到，察觉"；C. admitted"承认"；D. said"说"。根据空后"she was about a dollar short"；以及下文"I guess I won't be able to make my purchase"可知，她找遍钱包后发现自己钱不够。故选B。
22．句意："我很不好意思这么说，但我想我最终还是不能买东西了，"她悲伤地说。A. surprised"惊讶的"；B. disappointed"失望的"；C. embarrassed"尴尬的"；D. excited"激动的"。女士点了餐，但却发现差一美元，这是令人尴尬的事情。故选C。
23．句意："我很不好意思这么说，但我想我最终还是不能买东西了，"她悲伤地说。A. quickly"快速地"；B. slowly"缓慢地"；C. expectedly"预期地"；D. sadly"悲伤地"。根据空前"I guess I won't be able to make my purchase after all"可知，她悲伤地说自己不能买东西了。故选D。
24．句意：起初她拒绝了，但在我的坚持下，她同意了。A. intended"打算"；B. insisted"坚持"；C. argued"争论"；D. applied"应用"。根据空后"she agreed"可知，在作者的坚持下，对方同意了。故选B。
25．句意：她谢过我，走到柜台的尽头取餐。A. pick up"拿，捡起"；B. pick out"挑出"；C. carry out"执行"；D. bring out"使显示"。根据空后"her order"指她到柜台一头去取餐。故选A。
26．句意：我继续工作，不再去想它。A. none"一个没有"；B. anything"任何事物"；C. nothing "没有一件东西"；D. something"某事"。根据语境，帮助了那位女士后，我继续工作，不再想那件事情。think nothing of...固定短语，"不把……当一回事"，故选C。
27．句意：大约一个小时后，生意慢了下来，我在等下一位顾客。A. customers"客户"；B. orders"命令"；C. pressure"压力"；D. business"生意，业务"。根据空后"I was waiting for my next customer"可知，我在等客人，说明高峰期已过，业务少了下来。故选D。
28．句意：然后我朝门口瞥了一眼，看见我帮着付钱的那个女人又进来了。A. entrance" 入口"；B. restaurant"餐馆"；C. counter"柜台"；D. window"窗户"。根据空后"saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money entering again "可知，我看的是门口，看到那位女士又进来了。故选A。
29．句意：我立刻认出了她。A. suddenly"突然"；B. immediately"马上"；C. surely"当然"；D. completely"完全地"。根据空前"saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money"说明一看到她，我就认出来她是谁了。故选B。
30．句意：你看，我是糖尿病患者，有时候我需要马上吃点东西。A. at a time"每次"；B. at no time"绝不"；C. at one time"曾经"；D. at times"有时"。根据空前"I'm a diabetic (糖尿病患者) , and"以及常识可知，糖尿病患者有时需要马上吃点东西。故选D。
31．句意：那是我之前来店里的原因。A. when"何时"；B. where"何地"；C. why"为什么"；D. how"如何"。 I came in earlier 是表语从句，这位女士在解释为什么之前到店里来买吃的，用连接副词why引导该从句，表示"为什么"。故选C。
32．句意：要不是你那样帮助我，我可能都晕倒了。A. shall"将"；B. may"可能"；C. might"可能"；D. need"需要"。句中使用了if引导的虚拟条件句，是对过去情况的一种假设，从句中用"had+动词的过去分词"，主句用"would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词"。故选C。
33．句意：她给了我两美元，是我给她的两倍。"基数词+times或者twice+what从句"是倍数的一种表达形式，其中表示倍数的数词要置于前，由what从句引导出比较对象。故选B。
34．句意：看着那个女人走开，我意识到上帝利用我来帮助我自己。A. Watching"注视，专注地看"；B. Looking "看，瞧"；C. Observing"认真观察"；D. Noticing"注意到"。句中指我目送那位女士离开，看的同时在反思，用watch更合适。故选A。
35．句意：最后，我得到的奖励不仅是钱，还有一种满足感，那就是我帮助别人摆脱了困境。A. awarded "授予"；B. honored"尊敬"；C. returned"返回"；D. rewarded"奖励"。根据空后"money"和"satisfaction"可知，这是给我的奖励。故选D。
三、第三部分：阅读理解，阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15 小题； 每题2 分，满分 30分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读理解
When I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything.I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered,"Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish", I remember being even more upset then because,"I'm not a fish!"I didn't know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does
As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes... The more I understood fish,the more I became effective at finding and catching them.
When I grew up and entered the business world, I remember hearing my first boss say,"We all need to think like sales people."But it didn't completely make sense. My dad never once said,"If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman."What he said was, "You need to think like a fish." Years later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.
36．Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine
A．He could not catch a fish.
B．His father was not patient with him.
C．His father did not teach him fishing.
D．He could not influence a fish as his father did.
37．What did the author's father really mean
A．To read about fish.
B．To learn fishing by oneself.
C．To understand what fish think.
D．To study fishing in many ways.
38．According to the author, fish are most likely to be found ____.
A．in deep water on sunny days
B．in deep water on cloud y days
C．in shallow water under sunlight
D．in shallow water under waterside trees
39．After entering the business world, the author found ____.
A．it easy to think like a customer
B．his father's fishing advice inspiring
C．his first boss's sales ideas reasonable
D．it difficult to sell services to poor people
40．This passage most likely comes from ____.
A．a fishing guide B．a popular sales book
C．a novel on childhood D．a millionaire's biography
【答案】36．A
37．C
38．D
39．B
40．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者通过以父亲教授他钓鱼时，要像鱼一样思考，学会钓鱼的道理，告诉大家从事商业销售时要像消费者一样去思考。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
36．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"But that wasn't very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn't catch anything. I usually got pretty upset. "但这不是很有趣的是，他可以抓很多鱼，而我什么也抓不到。我通常很沮丧。所以作者感到沮丧，是因为他一条鱼也抓不到。故选A。
37．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"The more I understood fish, the more I became effective at finding and catching them."我越了解鱼，我越能有效的找到并抓住鱼。由可推断父亲的意思是了解鱼的想法。故选C。
38．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don't have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun hurts their eyes. "我了解到鱼是一种冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。这就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不喜欢深水，因为前者比较温暖。此外，水在阳光直射下通常比在阴凉处更暖和。然而，鱼却没有眼皮，太阳会伤害它们的眼睛。可推断，根据作者的说法，鱼最有可能出现在浅水区的水边树下。故选D。
39．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers"，我逐渐了解我们需要像消费者一样去思考，这与父亲的"You need to think like a fish"相似，可推断，作者进入商界后，作者发现他父亲的钓鱼建议很有启发性。故选B。
40．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters"这不是一份轻松的工作，我将在下面几章里向你们展示如何去做。可推断这篇短文很可能来自一本畅销书。故选B。
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读理解
Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world's first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.
In two weeks' time Bergqvist's ice creation will be nothing more than a pod of water."We don't see it as a big problem,"he says."We just look forward to replacing it."
Bergqvist built his first igloo in 1991 for an art exhibition. It was so successful that he designed the present one, which measures roughly 200 square meters. Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1 000 tons of snow onto a wooden base; when the snow froze,the base was removed."The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door,he says.
After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success. With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break."It's great fun,"Bergqvist explains,"as well as a good start in survival training."
The popularity of the igloo is beyond doubt: it is now attracting tourists from all over the world. At least 800 people have stayed at the igloo this season even though there are only 10 rooms."You can get a lot of people in,"explains Bergqvist."The beds are three meters wide by two meters long, and can fit at least four at one time."
41．Bergqvist designed and built the world's first igloo hotel because ____.
A．he believed people would enjoy trying something new
B．he wanted to make a name for the small town
C．an art exhibition was about to open
D．more hotel rooms were needed
42．When the writer says"the fun will be over,"he refers to the fact that ____.
A．hotel guests will be frightened at the thought of the hard test
B．Bergqvist's hotel will soon become a pool of water
C．holidaymakers will soon get tired of the big igloo
D．a bigger igloo will replace the present one
43．According to the text, the first thing to do in building an igloo is ____.
A．to gather a pool of water
B．to prepare a wooden base
C．to cover the ground with ice
D．to pile a large amount of snow
44．When guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that ____.
A．they have visited Lapland
B．they have had an ice-snow holiday
C．they have had great fun sleeping on ice
D．they have had a taste of adventure
45．Which of the four pictures below is the closest to the igloo hotel as described in the text
A． B．
C． D．
【答案】41．A
42．B
43．B
44．D
45．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了是一种新型的宾馆，是由冰做成的。并详细描述了这个宾馆的具体的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
41．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Holidaymakers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world's first igloo hotel."厌倦了炙热的海滩和过热的酒店房间的度假者会选择一个大冰屋。瑞典商人Nile Bergqvist对他的新酒店很满意，这是世界上第一家冰屋酒店。可知，Bergqvist设计并建造了世界上第一家冰屋酒店，因为很多游客都厌倦了以前旧的度假的方式，想要尝试一些新鲜的事物。故选A。
42．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"In two weeks' time Bergqvist's ice creation will be nothing more than a pool of water."两周后，Bergqvist创造的冰将变成一池水。可知，Bergqvist的宾馆都是由冰做的，所以当气温提高的时候，这些东西都会融化，成为一池水。故选B。
43．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"Six workmen spent more than eight weeks piling 1,000 tons of snow onto a wooden base; when the snow froze, the base was removed."6名工人花了8个多星期把1000吨雪堆在一个木制底座上；当雪结冰时，基座就被移走了。可推知，建造冰屋的第一件事是准备木头底座。故选B。
44．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success."在他们停留之后，所有的游客都会收到一份生存证书，记录他们的成功。可知，当客人离开冰屋旅馆时，他们会收到一份生存证书，证明他们冒险成功。故选D。
45．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"With no windows, nowhere to hang clothes and temperatures below 0℃, it may seem more like a survival test than a relaxing hotel break."没有窗户，没有地方挂衣服，温度低于0℃，这看起来更像是一场生存测试，而不是放松的酒店休息；以及 第三段中的"The only wooden thing we have left in the igloo is the front door"我们在冰屋里唯一留下的木制东西是前门。 可知，冰屋没有窗户只有木头做的前门。故选A。
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读理解
As someone who's been studying English for many years now, you might think you know the English language pretty well. But if you overheard a British person say,"A Billy left some bees and honey in my sherbet(冰冻果露) last night,"would you understand what they meant
Probably not, but many native speakers may not know what this person was saying either.
The example above was a sentence that a London taxi driver might say to another member of his or her tribe. In plain English, the sentence would be,"A customer left some money in my cab last night."
So, what exactly is meant by"tribe"
A recent article on the BBC Culture website pointed out that nearly all of us are a part of a tribe. This is a group that defines(定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own"secret language", as the BBC called it.
If you work in a certain industry—education, for example—you may use slang words(俚语) and acronyms(首字母缩略词) that only other people who work in that industry would understand. Or if you live in a certain city, you might use a slang word to describe a landmark in the city that only locals would understand.
These so-called secret languages each have their own fascinating history. In the US,for example, the underground"ballroom"(舞厅) tribe of 1970s and 80s New York City and its language were showcased in the 2018 FX show Pose.
These secret words don't always stay within their tribes, however. Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people's everyday vocabulary. For example, the phrase"to have beef"——meaning"to be in a conflict"—was made popular by US rappers. Today, it's widely used by na tive English speakers all over the world.
As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote,"We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes(内部笑话). And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out."
46．The example at the beginning of the text is mainly used to ____.
A．explain the meaning of tribes
B．prove that English is hard to learn
C．teach readers how to communicate with London cab drivers
D．show how the languages of tribes are often difficult for outsiders to understand
47．What can we know about secret languages
A．They mostly came from musical cultures.
B．They first started in New York City in the 1980s.
C．They have failed to become popular among young people.
D．Some words from them are popular in everyday conversation.
48．How did the phrase"to have beef"become popular in everyday vocabulary
A．It was showcased in the 2018 FX show Pose.
B．It was employed by US rappers in their works.
C．It was created by a specific musical culture.
D．It was featured in a recent article on the BBC Culture website.
49．What is the main idea of the article
A．The history and influence of secret languages in different tribes.
B．How slang and acronyms are used in different industries and cities.
C．The popularity of US rappers and their contribution to everyday vocabulary.
D．A showcase of the underground ball room tribe's language in 2018 FX show Pose.
50．What is Dent's attitude toward the future of secret languages
A．Uninterested. B．Worried. C．Confident. D．Objective.
【答案】46．D
47．D
48．B
49．A
50．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；社会现象类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了各地的不同群体都有自己"秘密"语言。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
46．考查推理判断。根据第二段"Probably not, but many native speakers may not know what this person was saying either."可能不会，但许多母语人士可能也不知道这个人在说什么。可知，许多以英语为母语的人可能也不知道这个人在说什么，可推断出，作者开始举例是为了说明不同群体的语言常常外人难以理解。故选D。
47．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people's everyday vocabulary. For example, the phrase ‘to have beef' —— meaning ‘to be in a conflict' —was made popular by US rappers. Today, it's widely used by native English speakers all over the world."来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。例如，短语"to have beef"——意思是"陷入冲突"——是由美国说唱歌手流行起来的。今天，它被世界各地以英语为母语的人广泛使用。可知，一些部落的词汇经常进入人们的日常词汇，而且这些词汇被各地以英语为母语的人广泛使用，所以说，一些来自群体的秘密语言在日常生活中很流行。故选D。
48．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"For example, the phrase ‘to have beef' — meaning ‘to be in a conflict' — was made popular by US rappers."例如，短语"to have beef"——意思是"陷入冲突"——是由美国说唱歌手流行起来的。可知，短语"to have beef"由美国说唱歌手而流行起来，所以说，该短语之所以在日常生活中流行起来是因为被说唱歌手引用。故选B。
49．考查主旨大意。根据第五段中的"A recent article on the BBC Culture website pointed out that nearly all of us are a part of a tribe. This is a group that defines (定义) who we are and even how we speak. And with each tribe comes its own ‘secret language', as the BBC called it."BBC文化网站最近的一篇文章指出，几乎我们所有人都是一个部落的一部分。这是一个定义我们是谁，甚至我们如何说话的群体。正如BBC所说，每个部落都有自己的"秘密语言"。可知，几乎每个人都是一个部落的一部分，而且每个部落都有自己"秘密语言"；倒数第三段中的"These so-called secret languages each have their own fascinating history."这些所谓的秘密语言都有各自迷人的历史；以及倒数第二段中的"These secret words don't always stay within their tribes, however. Words from many tribes, especially musical cultures such as rap and hip-hop, often enter people's everyday vocabulary. "然而，这些暗语并不总是只存在于他们的部落中。来自许多部落的词汇，尤其是说唱和嘻哈等音乐文化的词汇，经常进入人们的日常词汇。可知，这些来自于不同部落的秘密语言都有自己的历史，而且会进入日常生活而流行起来，综合以上信息可知，本文主要介绍的是不同部落秘密语言的历史及其影响。故选A。
50．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"As BBC reporter Susie Dent wrote, ‘We are all surrounded by amazing secret languages, full of history and stories and in-jokes (内部笑话). And one thing is certain: our tribal conversations will never run out.'"正如BBC记者Susie Dent所写,"我们都被神奇的秘密语言包围着，这些语言充满了历史、故事和笑话。有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束。"可知，Susie Dent认为有一件事是肯定的：我们的部落对话永远不会结束，可推知，Dent对秘密语言未来的态度是很自信的。故选C。
四、第四部分：读写综合，第一节 阅读表达(共 5 小题； 每小题 2 分，满分 10分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
"I can't believe you have driven from Florida to Tennessee for me,"said Kyle, as tears filled his eyes. We talked in a private room in the church while groomsmen(伴郎) paced outside the open door. In a few minutes, the wedding would change Kyle's life. It was a significant occasion for me, too, because I had been his second-grade teacher and mentor(导师) for the past twenty years.
It started when Kyle was assigned to my second-grade classroom. On the first day of class, I approached the thin, sad-looking boy with messy blond hair."Welcome to my class,Kyle,"I said. He looked at the floor and didn't respond. When I helped him with his assignments(作业) during the week, I noticed he didn't know how to properly finish his work and his writing was messy. He attempted some lessons but often had wrong answers.
During a talk with his grandmother, who was raising Kyle. she said,"I'm thankful that you are his teacher. He never liked his teacher before, but he adores you. I wonder how he has been a different kettle of fish over the months. At home, Kyle now behaves better. He begins to listen to me and obey my orders. What's more, it seems that he has fallen in love with his study."I was glad that I could make a difference to Kyle."Unfortunately, due to some family factors, the grandmother and Kyle moved to Tennessee later.
Years later, a tall teenager visited me. It was the struggling student, Kyle. He said he had traveled to Florida to see his father and me. After that, Kyle began to visit me each summer, and we talked about his life, the importance of making good choices, etc. After graduation from school, without his parents' support. Kyle managed to start his own business, later bought a truck, and moved into his own beautiful apartment. I was really proud of him.
And now Kyle was getting married. He said,"I'm lucky that you have influenced my life."
51．Why did the author drive from Florida to Tennessee (no more than 6 words)
52．What could the author find from Kyle's assignments (no more than 10 words)
53．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 3 (no more than 10 words)
54．Why was the author proud of Kyle (no more than 10 words)
55．Do you like such teachers as the author Please explain.(no more than 20 words)
【答案】51．To attend Kyle's wedding.
52．Kyle had great difficulty with his study.
53．Kyle has changed greatly/ so much.
54．Kyle made some achievements in life on his own.
55．Yes, I do. Because such teachers sincerely love and care for their students and have a far-reaching influence on them.
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者帮助学生凯尔学习，到凯尔一步步变得更好，作者为他感到骄傲。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和开放性试题三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
51．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In a few minutes, the wedding would change Kyle's life."几分钟后，婚礼将改变凯尔的生活。可知，作者为从佛罗里达开车到田纳西是为了参加凯尔的婚礼。故答案为To attend Kyle's wedding.
52．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"When I helped him with his assignments (作业) during the week, I noticed he didn't know how to properly finish his work and his writing was messy."当我在一周内帮他做作业时，我注意到他不知道如何正确地完成他的学习，他的写作很乱。可知，作者从凯尔的作业中发现凯尔学习有困难。故答案为Kyle had great difficulty with his study.
53．考查句义猜测。根据第三段中的"At home, Kyle now behaves better. He begins to listen to me and obey my orders. What's more, it seems that he has fallen in love with his study."在家里，凯尔现在表现得更好了。他开始听我的话，服从我的命令。更重要的是，他似乎已经爱上了他的学习；以及"I was glad that I could make a difference to Kyle. "我很高兴我能给凯尔带来改变。可知，凯尔祖母的话表明凯尔变化很大。故划线句"he has been a different kettle of fish "意思是"凯尔变化很大"。故答案为Kyle has changed greatly/ so much.
54．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的"After graduation from school, without his parents' support. Kyle managed to start his own business, later bought a truck, and moved into his own beautiful apartment. I was really proud of him."从学校毕业后，没有父母的支持。凯尔成功地开始了自己的事业，后来买了一辆卡车，搬进了自己漂亮的公寓。我真的为他感到骄傲。可知，作者为凯尔感到骄傲因为凯尔靠自己的力量取得了一些成就。故答案为Kyle made some achievements in life on his own.
55．考查开放性试题。根据"你喜欢像作者这样的老师吗？请解释一下"可回答"是的，我喜欢。因为这样的老师真诚地爱和关心他们的学生，对他们产生了深远的影响。"故答案为Yes, I do. Because such teachers sincerely love and care for their students and have a far-reaching influence on them.
五、第四部分：读写综合，第二节:单词填空(共 15 小题; 每小题 1 分,满分 15 分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）根据句子意义选择适合该句的单词，并根据语境需要和构词法知识用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个多余选项。
accommodation digital locate maintain prove personality survive recommend inspire anxious capture manage structure priority determine recover
56．The strong minded boy was 　 　 to finish the task on time, despite all the difficulties he was going through.
57．To our relief, the doctor said Jane would 　 　from the injury if she had the operation.
58．The businessman donated many computers and 　 　cameras to the school.
59．The parents were 　 　 about the safety of their children who went on the trip by themselves.
60．His elder brother is an ambitious man with a strong 　 　.
61．Nowadays, a lot of small companies have to fight for their 　 　.
62．He has already 　 　 to his boss that his theory can be put into practice.
63．　 　a good relationship with your customers is the key to the success of your business.
64．We were greatly 　 　 by his courageous deed in the fire.
65．When we were in South Africa, our 　 　 was in a location where we could watch animals wandering past on their way to the waterhole.
66．To deliver all the goods in one day was really a challenging job, but he 　 　to complete it.
67．　 　off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the biggest structure made by living organisms.
68．She was 　 　 for the post by a colleague because of her outstanding ability.
69．Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers for whom caring for the environment is a 　 　.
70．My most frightening but magical experience was now 　 　forever in a single image.
【答案】56．determined
57．recover
58．digital
59．anxious
60．personality
61．survival
62．proved
63．Maintaining
64．inspired
65．accommodation
66．managed
67．Located
68．recommended
69．priority
70．captured
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】accommodation名词，"住宿"； digital形容词，"数字的"；locate 动词，"使坐落于"；maintain动词，"维持，维护"； prove 动词，"证明"；personality名词，"个性"； survive动词，"幸免，幸存" ；recommend 动词，"推荐"；inspire动词，"鼓舞"；anxious 形容词，"焦急的，渴望的"；capture动词，"捕获，俘获"； manage动词，"设法，管理"； structure名词，"结构"； priority名词，"优先，优先权"； determine动词，"决定，决心"； recover动词，"康复"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的词汇，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
56．句意：尽管遇到了种种困难，这个意志坚强的男孩还是决心按时完成任务。由"despite all the difficulties he was going through"可知，句子表示"尽管遇到了种种困难，这个意志坚强的男孩还是决心按时完成任务"，空格处意为"下定决心的"，用形容词作表语，是determined，故填determined。
57．句意：令我们宽慰的是，医生说如果简做手术，她的伤就会好起来。由"To our relief"可知，句子表示"令我们宽慰的是，医生说如果简做手术，她的伤就会好起来"，空格处意为"恢复 "，是recover，would是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填recover。
58．句意：这位商人向学校捐赠了许多电脑和数码相机。由"cameras"可知，句子表示"这位商人向学校捐赠了许多电脑和数码相机"，空格处意为"数码的"，用形容词作定语，修饰名词cameras，是digital，故填digital。
59．句意：孩子们独自去旅行，父母为他们的安全担心。由"by themselves"可知，句子表示"孩子们独自去旅行，父母为他们的安全担心"，空格处意为"担心的"，用形容词作表语，是anxious，故填anxious。
60．句意：他哥哥是个有野心、个性很强的人。由"His elder brother is an ambitious man"可知，句子表示"他哥哥是个有野心、个性很强的人"，空格处意为"个性"，是personality，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填personality。
61．句意：如今，许多小公司不得不为生存而战。由"a lot of small companies have to fight for"可知，句子表示"许多小公司不得不为生存而战"，空格处意为"生存"，their后跟名词，"生存"的名词是survival，是不可数名词，故填survival。
62．句意：他已经向老板证明了他的理论可以付诸实践。由"to his boss that his theory can be put into practice"可知，句子表示"他已经向老板证明了他的理论可以付诸实践"，空格处意为"证明"，是prove，由has可知，句子时态是现在完成时，空格处用过去分词，故填proved。
63．句意：与客户保持良好的关系是生意成功的关键。由"a good relationship with your customers"可知，句子表示"与客户保持良好的关系是生意成功的关键"，空格处意为"保持"，是maintain，用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Maintaining。
64．句意：他在火灾中的勇敢行为使我们深受鼓舞。由"by his courageous deed in the fire"可知，句子表示"他在火灾中的勇敢行为使我们深受鼓舞"，空格处意为"鼓舞"，是inspire，我们是被鼓舞，句子用被动语态，空前有were，空格处用过去分词，故填inspired。
65．句意：当我们在南非的时候，我们的住处在一个我们可以看到动物在去水坑的路上徘徊的地方。由"in a location where we could watch animals wandering past on their way t the waterhole"可知，句子表示"当我们在南非的时候，我们的住处在一个我们可以看到动物在去水坑的路上徘徊的地方"，空格处意为"住处"，our后跟名词，"住处"的名词是accommodation，是一个住处，因此空格处用单数，故填accommodation。
66．句意：要在一天内把所有的货物都送出去确实是一项具有挑战性的工作，但他设法完成了。由"To deliver all the goods in one day was really a challenging job, but"可知，句子表示"要在一天内把所有的货物都送出去确实是一项具有挑战性的工作，但他设法完成了"，空格处意为"设法做成"，是manage，由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填managed。
67．句意：大堡礁位于澳大利亚海岸外，是由生物构成的最大的结构。由"off the coast of Australia, the Great Barrier Reef"可知，句子表示"大堡礁位于澳大利亚海岸外"，空格处意为"位于"，是locate，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，the Great Barrier Reef和locate之间是逻辑动宾关系，空格处用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Located。
68．句意：由于她能力出众，一位同事推荐她担任这个职位。由"because of her outstanding ability"可知，句子表示"由于她能力出众，一位同事推荐她担任这个职位"，空格处意为"推荐"，是recommend，她是被推荐，句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，故填recommended。
69．句意：天然染料也越来越受到重视环保的消费者的欢迎。由"Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers for whom caring for the environment"可知，句子表示"天然染料也越来越受到重视环保的消费者的欢迎"，空格处意为"优先考虑的事情"，是priority，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填priority。
70．句意：我最可怕但又神奇的经历被永远地记录在一张照片里。由"in a single image"可知，句子表示"我最可怕但又神奇的经历被永远地记录在一张照片里"，空格处意为"拍摄"，是capture，经历是被拍，因此句子用被动语态，空前有was，空格处用过去分词，故填captured。
六、第四部分：读写综合，第三节：词块填空(共 10 小题； 每小题 1 分，满分 10分)
（2023高一上·和平月考）根据句子意义选择适合该句的短语，并用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个多余选项。
concentrate on lead to be in trouble up to take to be known for in search of work out catch up on show respect to stay in touch with
71．There are so many convenient ways for you 　 　 you r faraway friends.
72．It took me almost one hour 　 　this difficult mathematics problem.
73．Even today, my British father still does not easily 　 　 eating things like chicken feet.
74．When the father figured out what his son was 　 　, he became so angry.
75．Too much work without any rest often 　 　diseases.
76．He is always ready to give a hand to the one who 　 　
77．Some animals migrate to the south 　 　warmer weather.
78．I look at those photos from time to time to remind myself to 　 　all animals.
79．Yellowstone National Park 　 　the variety of its wildlife.
80．After a day's work, cooking together with my family gives us a chance to relax and　 　each other's days.
【答案】71．to stay in touch with
72．to work out
73．take to
74．up to
75．leads to
76．is in trouble
77．in search of
78．show respect to
79．is known for
80．catch up on
【知识点】完成句子
【解析】【分析】concentrate on 动词短语，"集中于，专心于"； lead to动词短语，"通往，导致"； be in trouble 动词短语，"处于困境"； up to介词短语，"从事，忙于"； take to 动词短语，"喜欢"； be known for动词短语，"因.....而出名"；in search of 介词短语，"寻找"； work out 动词短语，"计算出，生效，锻炼" ；catch up on 动词短语，"了解"；show respect to动词短语，"对.....表示尊敬"； stay in touch with动词短语"保持联系"。
【点评】考查选词填空，要求考生在理解句义的基础上，根据方框内所给的短语，结合相关的语法知识，做出正确答案。
71．句意：有很多方便的方法可以让你和远方的朋友保持联系。根据"your faraway friends"以及句意"保持联系"可知应填stay in touch with，此处为for sb. to do sth.，为不定式。故填to stay in touch with。
72．句意：我花了将近一个小时才算出这道数学题。根据"this difficult mathematics problem"以及句意"算出"可知应填work out，此处为句型it takes/took sb. some time to do sth.。故填to work out。
73．句意：直到今天，我的英国父亲仍然不太喜欢吃鸡爪之类的东西。根据"eating things like chicken feet"以及句意"喜欢"可知应填take to，此处为否定陈述句，应用原形。故填take to。
74．句意：当父亲发现儿子在做什么时，他非常生气。根据"he became so angry"以及句意"做某事"可知应用up to，故填up to。
75．句意：过度工作而不休息常常导致疾病。根据"diseases"以及句意"导致"可知应填lead to，根据often可知为一般现在时，主语为Too much work without any rest，谓语用三单形式。故填leads to。
76．句意：他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。根据"He is always ready to give a hand"以及句意"有困难"可知应用be in trouble，根据上文is可知为一般现在时，定语从句谓语与先行词one保持一致，用单数。故填is in trouble。
77．句意：有些动物迁徙到南方去寻找温暖的天气。根据"warmer weather"以及句意"寻找"可知应用in search of，故填in search of。
78．句意：我不时地看这些照片，提醒自己要尊重所有的动物。根据"I look at those photos from time to time to remind myself to"以及句意"尊重"可知应填show respect to，上文为短语remind oneself to do sth.。故填show respect to。
79．句意：黄石国家公园以其种类繁多的野生动物而闻名。根据"the variety of its wildlife"以及句意"以……而闻名"可知应填be known for，陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语用单数。故填is known for。
80．句意：在一天的工作之后，和家人一起做饭给了我们一个放松和了解彼此生活的机会。根据"each other's days"以及句意"了解"可知应填catch up on，此处为不定式作后置定语。故填catch up on。
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