深圳外国语学校(集团)龙华高中部2022-2023学年度高一
第一学期学段(二)考试
英语试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What had the man intended to do
A.Go cycling. B.Wash the dishes. C.Wipe the floor.
2.Why is Susan away
A.To have supper. B.To see her doctor. C.To look after her father.
3.How did the man get the tickets
A.He bought them by himself. B. The woman gave them to him. C. His uncle presented them to him.
4.When will the man probably reach the Conference Center
A. At around 2:30 p.m. B. At around 2:40 p.m. C. At around 3:10 p.m.
5.What is the woman doing now
A.Seeing the man off. B.Attending a birthday party. C.Talking about her daughter.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.What does the woman ask the man to do
A.To climb the mountain with her.
B.To bring her an umbrella.
C. To prepare some climbing supplies with her.
7.What will the weather be like tomorrow
A.Rainy. B.Cloudy. C.Sunny.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.What are the speakers talking about
A.A teacher. B.A school. C.A student.
9.What do we know about Miss Lora
A.She is talkative. B.She values respect. C.She cares little about others.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10.How many yellow buildings are there
A.One. B.Two. C.Three.
11.Why does the woman look for a convenience store
A.To buy something. B.To change money. C.To eat instant noodles.
12. Where can the woman find a convenience store which is still open
A.On the 3rd Street. B.On the 22nd Street C.Next to the big yellow building.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Husband and wife. B.Old friends. C.Doctor and patient.
14.Why does the man look fat now
A.He exercises less. B.His wife told him to eat more. C. He lost his job.
15.What does the woman mean
A.She is too busy to work out in a health club.
B.It’s cheap to apply for membership.
C.Normal people should exercise every day.
16.What does the man think of the woman
A.Weak. B.Fat. C.Thin.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A.The trend of loneliness nowadays.
B. The new treatment for loneliness.
C.The way to communicate with others.
18.What will lonely people be like five years later
A.Dying of heart disease. B.Being stuck in depression. C.Making more mistakes at work.
19.How many office workers are feeling lonely in Britain
A.Two fifths. B.Three fifths. C.A quarter.
20.What does the speaker mean about loneliness
A.It will come to an end soon.
B. It’s a cure to some health problems.
C. Humans will struggle with this for a long time.
第二部分 语法单选(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
1. I jumped with joy the moment I ______ my driver’s license in the mail.
A. receive B. received C. had received D. would receive
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我一收到邮寄来的驾照，就高兴得跳了起来。the moment引导的时间状语从句，主句主语与从句主语几乎同时发生，且句子都为一般过去时。故选B项。
2. Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close.
A. was found B. finds
C. is found D. found
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：除非找到一些额外的钱，否则，剧院就倒闭了。根据主句的将来时态可知，状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为find和money之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
【点睛】本题考查一般现在时表将来和被动语态。Unless引导条件状语从句。表示让步、相似、比例的从句也必须用一般现在时表将来：You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier. 除非你早点动身，否则你就不能及时赶到那儿。I’ll follow him wherever he goes. 他去哪儿，我就跟着去哪儿。Whatever you say, I won’t pay. 无论你说什么，我都不会付钱。Whether we help him or not, he will fail. 无论我们帮他与否，他都会失败。The more you eat, the fatter you will become. 你吃得越多就会越胖。考生要注意归纳总结。
3. Jim ______ a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.
A. watched B. had watched
C. was watching D. would be watching
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：Jim深夜在家看电视，当剧情到最惊心动魄的时刻时，电视突然没信号了。根据题干中的when可知所填动词构成固定句型be doing sth.…when…，意思是：当……这时……，表示正在做某事，这时发生了另一件事，由后面句子中… went blank可知用过去进行时，故选C。
【点睛】做动词的时态和语态题的时候，切不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框。了解了时态的一些常见规则之后，在具体语境中体会动作发生的时间和状态。过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。往往和具体的过去时间搭配，也有的是过去式的时间状语从句。
4. You have failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.
A. will expect B. will be expected
C. expected D. were expected
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：你没有成功做你被希望做的，恐怕老师要责怪你了。根据have failed可以判断，“expect”应是发生在“失败”以前，故what引导的宾语从句的时态用一般过去时，又因为expect sb to do，you与expect之间是被动关系，这里用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were。故选D。
5. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B. have grown
C. will grow D. had grown
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况，故该句应用现在完成时态。B选项正确。
点睛：现在完成时可以表示过去的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的。常见的时间状语有：since + 时间点/从句，for two months，so far，recently，in the past/last few days等。
6. I’m calling about the apartment you _______ the other day. Could you tell me more about it
A. advertised B. had advertised
C. are advertising D. will advertise
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我现在打电话是咨询你前几天登广告的那所公寓的。你能告诉我有关它的更多的信息吗？根据the other day可知，空格处所在的句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式advertised，故选A。
7. His first novel good reviews since it came out last month.
A. receives B. is receviing C. will receive D. has received
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：他的第一部小说自上个月出版以来，得到了好评。since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。选D。
8. —Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—No, I________ the book, so I already knew the story
A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：—你对电影的结局感到惊讶吗 —不，我读过这本书，所以我已经知道这个故事了。由I already knew the story可知，说话人已经看过那本书，knew是过去式，因此“看书”这个动作发生在过去的过去，时态用过去完成时，即had done，故选B。
9. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________ uses it somewhat differently.
A. which B. what C. them D. those
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语是几种不同文化共同使用的语言，每种不同的文化都会不同的使用它。根据与前面句子之间是逗号，没有连词，故判断后一句是定语从句；这里用which代指several diverse cultures，引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。
10. A bank is the place ________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A. when B. that
C. where D. there
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】本题考查定语从句。解析步骤：1. 确定从句：从空格到句末；2. 确定答案：先行词为the place，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。所以关系副词为where。结合句意：银行是在晴天借给你雨伞，而在天开始下雨时又要把伞收回的地方。故选C项。
11. There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
A. as B. that
C. when D. where
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：科学往往如此，它没有一个简单的答案。本题考查定语从句。设空处前有逗号，故判断设空处引导非限制性定语从句。空格处的引导词在从句中作主语，排除C、D两项；that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。
12. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. who C. them D. those
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该定居点居住着近1000人，其中许多人离开村庄到城市过上更好的生活。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词1,000 people，作介词of的宾语，指人，应用whom。故选A。
13. It was April 29, 2001 Prince William and Kate walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A. that B. when C. since D. before
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：2001年4月29日，威廉王子和凯特王妃步入婚礼大厅。A. that无实义，用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出从句；B. when当……时；……的时候；C. since自从，因为；D. before在……之前。分析可知，“________Prince William and Kate walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony”为之前时间短语“April 29, 2001”的定语从句，先行词在从句中做时间状语，用关系副词when引导从句。故选B项。
14. After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，______ turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which
C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：大学毕业之后，我花了些时间去旅游，结果证明是明智选择。句中which引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面一件事，在从句中做主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
【点睛】
15. I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.
A. who B. that
C. as D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我拒绝为别人的过错承担责任。本题定语从句的先行词是something，在定语从句中做主语，所以关系代词为that。故B正确。
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Gap Year Sailing Programs
A gap year spent sailing will show you more of the world than most people see in their whole lives. So hoist the anchor, throw off the bowlines, catch the following wind, and set sail on a voyage of discovery to create memories that will last a lifetime.
Where to Go
The beauty of a sailing gap year is that you don’t just visit a single place. These unique adventures can take you across oceans and whole regions to experience dozens of countries in a single gap year. Some programs combine several regions including the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, etc. while others stick to just one.
Costs
How much a sailing gap year costs varies greatly depending on the type of program and the length of the voyage. A program lasting a few weeks may cost S$ 5,000 or more. Months long adventures may be as much as $20.000, especially if they involve college credit or other coursework.
Visa
Visa requirements will vary depending on where your voyage takes you. Your program will inform you of which visas you’ll need. Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.
Housing
Housing will consist of a berth (铺位) aboard your boat. Don’t expect anything fancy. You’ll likely have little more than a bed and a small storage locker in a two-or three-person cabin. Given the limited size of your living space, expect to stay close to your crewmates at all times with little real privacy.
Health & Safety
Living aboard a ship means that you can’t always count on having medical facilities (设施) nearby. You may be asked to provide a note from your doctor confirming that you are in good health before being accepted into your program. Most programs include medical emergency insurance as part of their fees. See what it covers and what it doesn’t when making your decisions.
16. What do the sailing programs provide for participants
A. Journeys by land.
B. Chances to study abroad.
C. Courses of famous universities.
D. Opportunities to travel around the world.
17. What do you have to do before entering for the programs
A. Ask parents for advice. B. Save as much as $ 20,000.
C. Obtain your proper visa. D. Have a medical examination.
18. Which word can best describe the living conditions in the programs
A. Tough. B. Fancy. C. Noisy. D. Comfortable.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是间隔年帆船项目。
【16题详解】
细节理解题。根据Where to Go部分的“These unique adventures can take you across oceans and whole regions to experience dozens of countries in a single gap year. Some programs combine several regions including the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, etc. while others stick to just one.(这些独特的冒险可以带你跨越海洋和整个地区，在一个间隔年里体验几十个国家。一些项目结合了几个地区，包括印度洋，加勒比海等，而另一些项目只坚持一个地区。)”可知，Gap Year Sailing Programs为参与者提供周游世界的机会。故选D。
【17题详解】
细节理解题。根据Visa部分的“Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.(Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.)”可知，在参与活动之前，参与者必须要获得相应地区的签证。故选C。
【18题详解】
推理判断题。根据Housing部分的“Don’t expect anything fancy. You’ll likely have little more than a bed and a small storage locker in a two-or three-person cabin. Given the limited size of your living space, expect to stay close to your crewmates at all times with little real privacy.(不要期待任何奢华的东西。你可能只有一张床和一个小储物柜在一个二人或三人的小木屋。考虑到你的生活空间有限，你要时刻与你的船员保持密切的联系，没有真正的隐私。)”可知，项目中的居住条件很艰苦，故选A。
B
At schools across the United States，students often sit down to cafeteria lunches made from processed foods that are high in fat，sodium，and sugar．But kids at Public School(P．S．)216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience．Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables．
P．S．216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project，a nonprofit program founded by Chef Alice Waters in 1995．The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum．Students grow and maintain crops，harvesting the fruits and vegetables for cafeteria meals．
Waters expressed her passion for the principles of the farm-to-table movement．She advised schools to connect with the farmers in their area and change their buying practices when planning meals for students．
Waters has long been inspiring people to care about where their food comes from．In 1993，she put forward the idea of a White House vegetable garden．It was not until 2009 that Michelle Obama started the garden in the backyard of the White House．She and members of the kitchen staff spent hours tending to the garden，often with help from local school children．
“That gave people a sense that she cared about children and cared about where our food comes from，”Waters said，praising the former First Lady’s concern for young people’s health．“We are just building this movement，and it is very exciting．”
“Through the Edible Schoolyard Project，students also learn about the benefits of healthy eating in the classroom．”Neglia said．“P．S．216 is teaching kids about careers in the food industry—such as farming and agriculture，nutrition，food safety，and the restaurant business．”
Similar classes are taking place around the country．So far，the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 367 schools．“I'm thinking about the future of the planet，”Waters said．“I'm doing this for our generation．”
19. What’s the purpose of the Edible Schoolyard Project
A. To reduce students’stress．
B. To let students eat healthy food．
C. To improve schools’environment．
D To expect students to experience farming．
20. What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A. The project made Waters famous,
B. Running a garden was too difficult for students．
C. Waters thought highly of what Michelle Obama did．
D. The former First Lady should care about young people．
21. From the text we can infer that___________．
A. P．S．216 belongs to the pioneers in the Edible Schoolyard Project
B. P．S．216 mainly teaches kids about careers in food industry
C. Waters’ project is not well received by me us schools
D. Waters had no difficulty in starting vegetable garden
22. What can be the best title for the text
A. Students should eat healthily B. A famous school—P．S．216
C. Processed foods should be advised D. A chef helps create green schoolyards
【答案】19. B 20. C 21. A 22. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了Edible Schoolyard计划的具体内容，让学生吃健康的食物，创建绿色校园。
【19题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum．可知Edible Schoolyard工程的目的是让学生吃健康的食物，故选B。
【20题详解】
细节理解题。答案定位在第二段Waters said，praising the former First Lady’s concern for young people’s health．可知Waters对米歇尔 奥巴马所做的事情评价很高，故选C。
【21题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段But kids at Public School(P．S．)216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience．Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables．（但是在布鲁克林公立学校216的孩子们有不同的就餐体验。校长唐娜Neglia报告说，她的学生爱吃水果和蔬菜肉。）以及第二段P．S．216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project可知P．S．216属于Edible Schoolyard计划的开拓者，故选A。
【22题详解】
主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了Edible Schoolyard计划的具体内容，让学生吃健康的食物，创建绿色校园，故选D。
C
A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste, A team of Washington State University researchers developed a simple and efficient way to transform polyactic acid (PLA) (聚乳酸), a bio-based plastic used in products such as filament, plastic silverware and food packaging to high-quality resin.
“We found a way to immediately turn this into something that’s stronger and better, and we hope that will provide people with the inspiration to upcycle this stuff instead of just throw it away,” said Yu-Chung Chang, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and a co-corresponding author on the work. “We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.”
Although it’s bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn’t bread down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading (降解). It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when it’s melted down and re-formed, it doesn’t perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.
“It’s biodegradable and compostable, but once you look into it, it turns out that it can take up to 100 years for it to rot away in a landfill,” Chang said. “In reality, it still creates a lot of pollution. We want to make sure that when we do start producing PLA on the million-tons scale, we will know how to deal with it.”
While the researchers focused on PLA for the study, they hope to apply the work to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (涤纶树脂), which is more common than PLA and has a similar chemical structure and present a bigger waste problem. They have filed a temporary patent and are working further optimize (优化) the process. The researchers ane also looking into other applications for the upcycling method.
23. What can the method help do according to paragraph 1
A. Solve financial crisis.
B. Change waste into wealth.
C. Control plastic production
D. Determine 3D printing skills
24. What does Yu-Chung Chang think of the method
A. Promising B. Unrealistic
C. Imaginable D. Common
25. Which of the following is a feature of number 7 plastics
A. Invaluable to recycle B. Easy to deal with
C. Hard to break down D. Difficult to sort out.
26. What is the text mainly about
A. Applications for an upcycling method.
B. A better method to break down plastic
C. 3D printing with newly found materials
D. A new way to turn plastic into valuable products.
【答案】23. B 24. A 25. C 26. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了华盛顿州立大学的一组研究人员开发了一种简单而有效的方法，将塑料垃圾中的聚乳酸(PLA)转化为高质量的树脂从而转化为用于3D打印的树脂。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste(一种将常见的丢弃塑料转化为用于3D打印的树脂的方法可以更好地利用塑料垃圾)”可知，该方法可以将平时丢弃的塑料垃圾转化为3D打印的树脂，即化废物为财富。故选B。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.(我们直接用垃圾做了更坚固的材料。我们相信这将是一个很好的机会。)”可知，Yu-Chung Chang认为这种方法是有前途的。故选A。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Although it’s bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn’t bread down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading (降解). It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when it’s melted down and re-formed, it doesn’t perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.(PLA虽然是生物基的，但被归类为7号塑料，不容易被腐蚀。它可以在淡水或盐水中漂浮一年而不降解。它也很少被回收，因为像许多塑料一样，当它被熔化和重新成型时，它的性能不如最初的版本，变得不那么有价值。)”可知，7号塑料很难被降解。故选C。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste(一种将常见丢弃塑料转化为用于3D打印的树脂的方法可以更好地利用塑料垃圾)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述了华盛顿州立大学的一组研究人员开发了一种简单而有效的方法，将塑料垃圾中的聚乳酸(PLA)转化为高质量从而转化为用于3D打印的树脂，因此文章主要是关于“一种将塑料转化为有价值产品的新方法”，故选D。
D
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
27. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls
A. Panicked. B. Confused. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.
28. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims precisely B. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely
29. What does the passage imply
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. Technologies can be double-edged.
C. There are more solutions than problems.
D. Credibility holds the key to development.
30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
【答案】27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章指出语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真，欺诈现象更加严重，解决这个问题需要电话运营商和消费者共同努力。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.可知，我们认识到了问题的严重性，支持和开发了旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number.可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的活动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的影响，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。第一段提到：robocalls（机器人电话：自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are frequent reports on the need of volunteers in so many different charitable organizations．___31___ There are actually many ways to find opportunities to help others．When a person is looking for volunteer opportunities and doesn’t care where he volunteers，a good place to look for jobs is through local volunteer centers．These centers may have lists，much like classified ads，requesting volunteers in a variety of fields．It can help to choose a volunteer position that will take advantage of work or life experience．___32___ Other employers and companies may not be that picky and are willing to take on anyone who has enthusiasm for the work．
Sometimes people want to become a volunteer in a specific type of work．___33___ The best route may be to contact these facilities and find out what available volunteer programs they have．Some programs may require job applications and training，and this training isn’t always free．Looking around at a few programs can help people find the ones that don’t charge for training．
___34___ Schools may additionally have volunteer job listings that can help people become a volunteer．Sometimes listings for jobs are exclusive(独有的) to the school and people may find work as tutors or administrative assistants．
It isn’t always necessary to look at non-profit companies to find volunteer opportunities．Plenty of individuals and for-profit companies may benefit from volunteers’help too．A volunteer babysitter or someone who helps a neighbor with the housework can make a big difference in a community．Volunteering doesn’t have to be a full-time commitment．___35___
A. Different organizations have different ways to attract volunteers．
B. They may want to help at an animal shelter or work in a hospital．
C. Many schools now have community service requirements for students．
D. It may be an occasional thing that promotes good feelings between neighbors．
E. Many people will give more time if they see the benefit of their volunteer work．
F. But people don’t know how to start sometimes if they want to become a volunteer．
G. Some volunteer positions do require that applicants have certain experience before they are hired．
【答案】31. F 32. G 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍有很多方法使自己成为一名志愿者。
【31题详解】
根据前句There are frequent reports on the need of volunteers in so many different charitable organizations.（在许多不同的慈善组织中，经常有关于志愿者需求的报道。）和后句 There are actually many ways to find opportunities to help others.（实际上有很多方法可以找到机会去帮助别人。）可知，这里为承上启下句，如果他们想成为一个志愿者，但有时人们不知道如何开始。故选F。
【32题详解】
根据前句It can help to choose a volunteer position that will take advantage of work or life experience.中的关键词work or life experience（工作或生活经验），可知，一些志愿者职位要求申请者有一定的经验才能被雇佣。故选G。
【33题详解】
根据前句Sometimes people want to become a volunteer in a specific type of work.（有时，人们想要成为特定类型工作的志愿者。）可知，动物收容所或医院是一些特定的场所。故选B。
【34题详解】
根据后句Schools may additionally have volunteer job listings that can help people become a volunteer. （此外，学校可能还会提供志愿工作清单，帮助人们成为一名志愿者。）可知，许多学校现在对学生有社区服务的要求。故选C。
【35题详解】
根据前两句A volunteer babysitter or someone who helps a neighbor with the housework can make a big difference in a community．Volunteering doesn’t have to be a full-time commitment．可知，自愿做保姆或帮助邻居做家务的人可以在一个社区有很大影响，能够增进邻居间的好感。故选D。
第四部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I’ve tried to ____36____ this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious diseases, I consider my job a ____37____, which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to ____38____ my life, which I always think about.
Firstly, I have a strong thirst for ____39____, I think I will never know as much as I ____40____. This is what keeps the ____41____ of knowledge hot. And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.
Secondly, I believe in fighting for ____42____, I sweat over all the stuff, without feeling ____43____ for it. One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a ____44____ tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential.
Thirdly, I believe that my goal to be a physician is to _____45_____ humankind. I have spent my _____46_____ on public service. Most of it involved research, the care of _____47_____ and the public health policy on AIDS.
I think, to control this terrible disease _____48_____, I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge, accepting nothing _____49_____ of excellence and knowing that the_____50_____of society is more important than my gains.
36. A. accomplish B. ignore C. change D. find
37. A. solution B. game C. program D. gift
38. A. form B. check C. guide D. prove
39. A. power B. knowledge C. adventure D. evidence
40. A. want B. promise C. admit D. refuse
41. A. necessity B. excuse C. recovery D. pursuit
42. A. agreement B. balance C. excellence D. fairness
43. A. embarrassed B. curious C. amused D. regretful
44. A. common B. healthy C. serious D. harmful
45. A. employ B. introduce C. unite D. serve
46. A. reputation B. career C. doubt D. luck
47. A. children B. elders C. patients D. students
48. A. randomly B. occasionally C. successfully D. immediately
49. A. full B. short C. worthy D. typical
50. A. good B. standard C. variety D. arrival
【答案】36. A 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. A 41. D 42. C 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. C 49. B 50. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文作者是美国流行病专家福奇，是一位传奇式人物：他淡泊名利、追求真知与卓越，一生致力于该病的防治。
【36题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通过选择公共服务的职业努力达到这个目标。A. accomplish达成；B. ignore忽视；C. change改变；D. find发现。根据上文“I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society.(我相信我有责任对社会产生积极的影响。)”可推断，作者想要对社会做出积极的影响，因此选择公共卫生服务方面的职业来达成这个目标。故选A。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名应对传染病挑战的医生，我认为我的工作是一份礼物，它使我能够帮助减轻人类的痛苦。A. solution解决办法；B. game游戏；C. program程序；节目；D. gift恩赐；礼物。根据下文“which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind(能让我帮助减轻人类的痛苦)”可知，作者的职业能够减轻人类的痛苦，因此作者认为工作是礼物。故选D。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有三个原则来指导我的生活，这是我总是考虑的。A. form形成；B. check检查；C. guide指导；D. prove证明。根据下文“I must be guided by these principles:”可知，作者一生坚持渴求真知、追求卓越及救死扶伤三大原则来指导自己的生活。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我有强烈的求知欲，我想我永远不会知道我想要的那么多。A. power权力；B. knowledge知识；C. adventure冒险；D. evidence 证据。从后文的“This is what keeps the ____6____ of knowledge hot.”可知，作者总是有很强的求知欲。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. want想要；B. promise许诺；C. admit承认；D. refuse拒绝。根据上文“I have a strong thirst for ____4____, I think I will never know as much as”和下文“And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.”可知，作者有很强的求知欲，认为自己绝没有知道想要的那么多的知识，需要不断学习。故选A。
41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是保持对知识追求热情的原因。A. necessity必需品；B. excuse借口；C. recovery恢复；D. pursuit追求。结合上文和下文“And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.( 这就是为什么即使我不能得到高收入，我也要每天做我的工作。)”可知作者每天学习，追求知识。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，我相信追求卓越。A. agreement协议；B. balance平衡；C. excellence卓越；D. fairness公平。根据后文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可知作者精益求精，追求卓越。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为所有的事情流汗，但并不为此感到遗憾。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. curious好奇的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. regretful遗憾的；后悔的。根据上文“I sweat over all the stuff”可知，作者为所有的事情流汗出力，但并不为此感到遗憾。故选D。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这种焦虑产生了一种健康的紧张，驱使我发挥自己有限的潜能。A. common通常的；B. healthy健康的；C. serious严肃的；D. harmful有害的。根据后文“drives me to fulfill my limited potential”可知这种紧张感是健康的，故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三，我认为我成为一名医生目标是为人类服务。A. employ雇佣；B. introduce介绍；C. unite团结；D. serve服务。对应上文“help ease the suffering of humankind”可知，作者认为自己的职责是为人类服务，减轻痛苦。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的职业生涯都在为公众服务。A. reputation名誉；B. career事业；C. doubt怀疑；D. luck运气。根据上文“by choosing a career in public service”和后文“on public service”可知，作者的职业生涯是为公众服务。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中大部分涉及关于艾滋病的研究、病人的护理和公共卫生政策。A. children孩子；B. elders老人；C. patients病人；D. students学生。根据后文“and the public health policy on AIDS”可知这里指对艾滋病病人的护理，故选C。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. randomly随机地；B. occasionally偶然；C. successfully成功地；D. immediately立即。根据上文“control this terrible disease”和下文“I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge…”可知，此处说的是成功控制艾滋病这种疾病。故选C。
【49题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. full满的；B. short短暂的；C. worthy值得的；D. typical典型的。根据上文“One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety.”可知，作者追求完美，不接受不卓越的东西，此处为短语nothing short of表示“简直就是；无异于……”。故选B。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为要成功地控制这种可怕的疾病，我必须以这些原则为指导：不断渴求知识，不接受任何不卓越的东西，并知道社会的利益比我的收获更重要。A. good利益；B. standard标准；C. variety多样性；D. arrival到达。根据第一段第一句“I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society.”和后文“more important than my gains”可知，作者认为自己有责任对社会做出影响，因此推断他认为社会的利益比个人利益更重要。故选A。
第五部分 语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There’s just a l-in-3.700,000 chance that a person will be killed by ____51____ shark, but the fear is still enough to have swimmers worrying about ____52____ (be) seen as prey (捕获物). Now, new research supports the long-standing theory, ____53____ explains that it’s a case of “mistaken identity” when great whites go in for a bite.
A team of biologists ____54____ (compare) videos of seals swimming with those of humans swimming. They then edited the clips to simulate a great white’s vision and found that from the ocean inhabitant’s point ____55____ view, humans do indeed have a strong resemblance to seals.
“Usually, great white sharks ____56____ (regard) as ‘mindless killers’ and ‘fond of human flesh’. However, this does not seem to be the case; we just look like ____57____ (they) food,” Laura Ryan, lead author of the study, told Live Science.
“They eat seals every day and bites on people are ____58____ (extreme) rare,” said Catherine MacDonald. a marine scientist at the University of Miami. “So if they’re not solving the problem visually, then how do we think they’re solving it ____59____ (hit) the right targets, sharks could be relying on other senses, like the scent. If that’s the case, ____60____ (addition) studies on how great whites use those senses could help prevent further attacks.”
【答案】51. a 52. being
53. which pared
55. of 56. are regarded
57. their 58. extremely
59. To hit 60. additional
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究发现鲨鱼吃人是因为它们把人误以为是海豹。
【51题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一个人被鲨鱼杀死的几率只有370万分之一，但这种恐惧仍然足以让游泳者担心被视为猎物。shark是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，shark是辅音音素开头，故填a。
【52题详解】
考查动名词。句意：一个人被鲨鱼杀死的几率只有370万分之一，但这种恐惧仍然足以让游泳者担心被视为猎物。about是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故填being。
【53题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：现在，新的研究支持了这个由来已久的理论，该理论解释说，大白鲨咬人是“认错人”的结果。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词theory是物，空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【54题详解】
考查时态。句意：一组生物学家比较了海豹和人类游泳的视频。空格处是谓语，句子描述过去的事情，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式，故填compared。
【55题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：然后，他们对这些片段进行编辑，模拟大白鲨的视觉，发现从海洋生物的角度来看，人类确实与海豹非常相似。point of view是固定短语，意为“观点，角度”，故填of。
【56题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：通常，大白鲨被视为‘愚蠢的杀手’和‘喜欢人肉’。根据语境可知，此处表示“大白鲨被视为‘愚蠢的杀手’和‘喜欢人肉’”，句子用被动语态，句子描述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语sharks是复数，故填are regarded。
【57题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：我们只是看起来像它们的食物。根据语境可知，句子表示“我们只是看起来像他们的食物”，空格处意为“它们的”，用形容词性物主代词their修饰名词food，故填their。
【58题详解】
考查副词。句意：它们每天吃海豹，咬人的情况极为罕见。空格处用副词extremely修饰形容词rare，故填extremely。
【59题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了击中正确的目标，鲨鱼可以依靠其他感官，比如气味。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填To hit。
【60题详解】
考查形容词。句意：如果是这样的话，关于大白鲨如何使用这些感官的进一步研究可能有助于防止进一步的攻击。空格处用形容词additional作定语，修饰名词studies，additional意为“额外的”，故填additional。
第六部分 词汇(共20小题，每题1分，共20分)
第一节 请根据汉语和首字母提示，填入单词的正确形式。(请在答题卡上填写完整的单词)
61. Sometimes I jog in the early morning, I love myself to be much s__________ (苗条的)．(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】slimmer##limmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有时我在清晨慢跑，我喜欢自己苗条得多。根据中英文提示可知应填形容词slim，结合much可知为比较级。故填slimmer。
62. The stadium is large enough to accommodate 100,000 a__________ (观众). (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】audience##udience
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：体育场足够大，可容纳10万名观众。结合首字母和汉语提示，集合名词audience作动词accommodate的宾语。故填audience。
63. Medicine is e__________(有效的)if used within three years．(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】effective##ffective
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：药在三年内使用是有效的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“有效的”对应的形容词effective，作表语。故填effective。
64. The author gave v__________(多种多样的) reasons for having written the book. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】various##arious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：作者给出了写这本书的各种理由。结合首字母和汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词various，作定语，修饰名词reasons。故填various。
65. He decided to make a good i__________(印象) on the girl’s parents. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】impression##mpression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他决定给这个女孩的父母留下一个好印象。根据中英文提示，这里应用名词impression，作make的宾语，空前有不定冠词a，应用名词单数形式。make a good impression on意为“给……留下好印象”。故填impression。
66. I’m looking forward to e__________ (探险：探索) senior high school campus．(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】exploring##xploring
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我期待探索高中校园。根据中英文提示可知应用动词explore，作介词的宾语应用动名词形式。故填exploring。
67. Luckily she was not badly i__________(受伤的) in the accident and we took her to the nearest hospital. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】injured##njured
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，她在事故中没有受重伤，我们把她送到了最近的医院。结合首字母和汉语提示，用形容词injured作表语。故填injured。
第二节 请用所给单词的正确形式填空。
68. Young children show __________ (curious) about everything around them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：年幼的孩子对周围的一切都表现出好奇。不可数名词curiosity作动词show的宾语。故填curiosity。
69. On seeing the __________ (frighten) scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】frightening
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：看到这可怕的一幕，小女孩吓得大哭起来。该空用形容词作定语，修饰指物的名词scene，用v-ing形式的形容词frightening。故填frightening。
70. In the current __________ (economy) conditions, we must keep costs down. (所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】economic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在当前经济的条件下，我们必须降低成本。根据句子结构可知，设空处需要形容词做定语修饰conditions。根据句意可知，设空处应填“经济的，经济上的”，故填economic。
71. It is estimated that about 15% of the __________ (apply) had been offered positions last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】applicants
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：据估计，去年约有15%的申请人获得了职位。分析句子可知，空处作介词of的宾语，结合“had been offered positions”可知，名词applicant“申请人”符合题意，再根据“about 15% of”可知，applicant需用复数形式。故填applicants。
72. If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果他找不到走出森林的路，幸存的机会就很小了。介词of后用名词作宾语，survive是动词，名词是survival，表示“幸存”是不可数名词，故填survival。
73. I didn’t know it was such a__________(stress) job when I took the position. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】stressful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当我接受这个职位的时候，我并不知道它是一份如此有压力的工作。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词job，stressful意为“压力重的”，符合题意。故填stressful。
74. They are emotionally mature and should behave __________ (responsible). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】responsibly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他们在情感上很成熟，应该表现得负责任。分析可知，所填应是副词作状语，修饰动词“behave”。“responsible”，形容词，意为“负责的，有责任的”，其副词形式为“responsibly(明事理地；认真负责地)”。故填responsibly。
75. Although she was __________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude, waiting patiently to be rescued. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】trapped
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：尽管被困在废墟中，女孩仍抱着积极的态度，耐心等待救援。从句主语she和从句谓语动词trap是被动关系，谓语用一般过去时的被动语态，空处用过去分词trapped和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。
第三节 根据句意选择恰当的词组并用正确形式填空。
根据句意选择恰当的词组并用正确形式填空。
get used to keep up with keep company with make arrangements for used to do make sense make up for
76. He is so mean that no one will __________ him.
77. He was busy __________ your journey when you called.
78. Your composition isn’t written well, because many sentences in it don’t __________.
79. The number of “silver surfers” has increased greatly over the past several years because more and more old people __________ using the Internet technology.
80. __________ the changing world, we must be involved in lifelong learning and be ready to accept new things.
【答案】76. keep company with
77. making arrangements for
78. make sense
79. get used to
80. To keep up with
【解析】
【76题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他太卑鄙了，没有人愿意和他为伍。情态动词will后用动词原形形式，keep company with (与……为伍)符合句意。故填keep company with。
【77题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：你打电话时，他正忙于安排你的行程。be busy (in) doing sth. (忙于做某事)，该空用动名词形式，make arrangements for (安排)符合句意。故填making arrangements for。
【78题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：你的作文写得不好，因为里面有很多句子没有意义。助动词don’t后用动词原形形式，make sense (有意义)符合句意。故填make sense。
【79题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：在过去的几年里，由于越来越多的老年人习惯了使用互联网技术，“银色冲浪者”的数量大大增加。该空为从句谓语动词，讲述一般性事实，用一般现在时，get used to (习惯)符合句意。故填get used to。
【80题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：为了跟上不断变化的世界，我们必须终身学习，并准备好接受新事物。该空用动词不定式作目的状语，keep up with (跟上)符合句意，首字母大写。故填To keep up with。
第七部分 写作(满分15分)
81. 假定你是李华，你校下周将举办运动会，你作为学生会主席，打算邀请外教Tom参加运动会，请你给他写一封英文邮件，内容包括：
1．运动会时间和地点；
2．运动会比赛项目介绍；
3．表达邀请。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
Our school will hold the autumn sports meeting. Knowing that you’re interested in it, I’m writing to invite you to take part in it.
As scheduled, it will be held in our school playground from Friday to Saturday. There will be various sports events for us to choose from, ranging from running and high jump to basketball. Every student has access to the meet. You are welcome to participate in the sports meeting. I do believe this is a good opportunity for you to show yourself.
Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校下周将举办运动会，你作为学生会主席，打算邀请外教Tom参加运动会，请你给他写一封英文邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
相信：believe→hold the belief that
感兴趣：be interested in→take interest in
举行：hold→host
机会：opportunity→chance
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：You are welcome to participate in the sports meeting. I do believe this is a good opportunity for you to show yourself.
拓展句：You are welcome to participate in the sports meeting, which is a good opportunity for you to show yourself.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you’re interested in it, I’m writing to invite you to take part in. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] I do believe this is a good opportunity for you to show yourself. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)深圳外国语学校(集团)龙华高中部2022-2023学年度高一
第一学期学段(二)考试
英语试卷
本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共12页，满分为150分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和学号填写在答题卡密封线内相应的位置上，用2B铅笔将自己的学号填涂在答题卡上。
2、选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案;不能答在试卷上。
3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答，答案必须写在答卷纸各题目指定区域内的相应位置上，超出指定区域的答案无效：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What had the man intended to do
A.Go cycling. B.Wash the dishes. C.Wipe the floor.
2.Why is Susan away
A.To have supper. B.To see her doctor. C.To look after her father.
3.How did the man get the tickets
A.He bought them by himself. B. The woman gave them to him. C. His uncle presented them to him.
4.When will the man probably reach the Conference Center
A. At around 2:30 p.m. B. At around 2:40 p.m. C. At around 3:10 p.m.
5.What is the woman doing now
A.Seeing the man off. B.Attending a birthday party. C.Talking about her daughter.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.What does the woman ask the man to do
A.To climb the mountain with her.
B.To bring her an umbrella.
C. To prepare some climbing supplies with her.
7.What will the weather be like tomorrow
A.Rainy. B.Cloudy. C.Sunny.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.What are the speakers talking about
A.A teacher. B.A school. C.A student.
9.What do we know about Miss Lora
A.She is talkative. B.She values respect. C.She cares little about others.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10.How many yellow buildings are there
A.One. B.Two. C.Three.
11.Why does the woman look for a convenience store
A.To buy something. B.To change money. C.To eat instant noodles.
12. Where can the woman find a convenience store which is still open
A.On the 3rd Street. B.On the 22nd Street C.Next to the big yellow building.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13.What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A.Husband and wife. B.Old friends. C.Doctor and patient.
14.Why does the man look fat now
A.He exercises less. B.His wife told him to eat more. C. He lost his job.
15.What does the woman mean
A.She is too busy to work out in a health club.
B.It’s cheap to apply for membership.
C.Normal people should exercise every day.
16.What does the man think of the woman
A.Weak. B.Fat. C.Thin.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is the speaker mainly talking about
A.The trend of loneliness nowadays.
B. The new treatment for loneliness.
C.The way to communicate with others.
18.What will lonely people be like five years later
A.Dying of heart disease. B.Being stuck in depression. C.Making more mistakes at work.
19.How many office workers are feeling lonely in Britain
A.Two fifths. B.Three fifths. C.A quarter.
20.What does the speaker mean about loneliness
A.It will come to an end soon.
B. It’s a cure to some health problems.
C. Humans will struggle with this for a long time.
第二部分 语法单选(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
1. I jumped with joy the moment I ______ my driver’s license in the mail.
A. receive B. received C. had received D. would receive
2. Unless some extra money________, the theatre will be close.
A. was found B. finds
C. is found D. found
3. Jim ______ a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, the television went blank.
A. watched B. had watched
C. was watching D. would be watching
4. You have failed to do what you to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.
A. will expect B. will be expected
C. expected D. were expected
5. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B. have grown
C will grow D. had grown
6. I’m calling about the apartment you _______ the other day. Could you tell me more about it
A. advertised B. had advertised
C. are advertising D. will advertise
7. His first novel good reviews since it came out last month.
A. receives B. is receviing C. will receive D. has received
8. —Were you surprised by the ending of the film
—No, I________ the book, so I already knew the story
A. was reading B. had read C. am reading D. have read
9. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ________ uses it somewhat differently.
A. which B. what C. them D. those
10. A bank is the place ________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A when B. that
C. where D. there
11. There is no simple answer, ________ is often the case in science.
A. as B. that
C. when D. where
12. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. who C. them D. those
13. It was April 29, 2001 Prince William and Kate walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.
A. that B. when C. since D. before
14. After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，______ turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which
C. when D. where
15. I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.
A. who B. that
C. as D. what
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Gap Year Sailing Programs
A gap year spent sailing will show you more of the world than most people see in their whole lives. So hoist the anchor, throw off the bowlines, catch the following wind, and set sail on a voyage of discovery to create memories that will last a lifetime.
Where to Go
The beauty of a sailing gap year is that you don’t just visit a single place. These unique adventures can take you across oceans and whole regions to experience dozens of countries in a single gap year. Some programs combine several regions including the Indian Ocean, the Caribbean Sea, etc. while others stick to just one.
Costs
How much a sailing gap year costs varies greatly depending on the type of program and the length of the voyage. A program lasting a few weeks may cost S$ 5,000 or more. Months long adventures may be as much as $20.000, especially if they involve college credit or other coursework.
Visa
Visa requirements will vary depending on where your voyage takes you. Your program will inform you of which visas you’ll need. Make sure you obtain your visas well in advance.
Housing
Housing will consist of a berth (铺位) aboard your boat. Don’t expect anything fancy. You’ll likely have little more than a bed and a small storage locker in a two-or three-person cabin. Given the limited size of your living space, expect to stay close to your crewmates at all times with little real privacy.
Health & Safety
Living aboard a ship means that you can’t always count on having medical facilities (设施) nearby. You may be asked to provide a note from your doctor confirming that you are in good health before being accepted into your program. Most programs include medical emergency insurance as part of their fees. See what it covers and what it doesn’t when making your decisions.
16. What do the sailing programs provide for participants
A. Journeys by land.
B. Chances to study abroad.
C. Courses of famous universities.
D. Opportunities to travel around the world.
17. What do you have to do before entering for the programs
A. Ask parents for advice. B. Save as much as $ 20,000.
C Obtain your proper visa. D. Have a medical examination.
18. Which word can best describe the living conditions in the programs
A. Tough. B. Fancy. C. Noisy. D. Comfortable.
B
At schools across the United States，students often sit down to cafeteria lunches made from processed foods that are high in fat，sodium，and sugar．But kids at Public School(P．S．)216 in Brooklyn have a different dining experience．Principal Donna Neglia reports that her students love eating flesh fruits and vegetables．
P．S．216 participated in the Edible Schoolyard Project，a nonprofit program founded by Chef Alice Waters in 1995．The program that Waters created helps public schools across the country start on-site gardens and weave principles of healthy eating into the curriculum．Students grow and maintain crops，harvesting the fruits and vegetables for cafeteria meals．
Waters expressed her passion for the principles of the farm-to-table movement．She advised schools to connect with the farmers in their area and change their buying practices when planning meals for students．
Waters has long been inspiring people to care about where their food comes from．In 1993，she put forward the idea of a White House vegetable garden．It was not until 2009 that Michelle Obama started the garden in the backyard of the White House．She and members of the kitchen staff spent hours tending to the garden，often with help from local school children．
“That gave people a sense that she cared about children and cared about where our food comes from，”Waters said，praising the former First Lady’s concern for young people’s health．“We are just building this movement，and it is very exciting．”
“Through the Edible Schoolyard Project，students also learn about the benefits of healthy eating in the classroom．”Neglia said．“P．S．216 is teaching kids about careers in the food industry—such as farming and agriculture，nutrition，food safety，and the restaurant business．”
Similar classes are taking place around the country．So far，the Edible Schoolyard Project has reached more than 1 million students in more than 367 schools．“I'm thinking about the future of the planet，”Waters said．“I'm doing this for our generation．”
19. What’s the purpose of the Edible Schoolyard Project
A. To reduce students’stress．
B. To let students eat healthy food．
C. To improve schools’environment．
D. To expect students to experience farming．
20. What can we learn from Paragraph 5
A. The project made Waters famous,
B. Running a garden was too difficult for students．
C. Waters thought highly of what Michelle Obama did．
D. The former First Lady should care about young people．
21. From the text we can infer that___________．
A. P．S．216 belongs to the pioneers in the Edible Schoolyard Project
B. P．S．216 mainly teaches kids about careers in food industry
C. Waters’ project is not well received by me us schools
D. Waters had no difficulty in starting vegetable garden
22. What can be the best title for the text
A. Students should eat healthily B. A famous school—P．S．216
C. Processed foods should be advised D. A chef helps create green schoolyards
C
A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin (树脂) used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste, A team of Washington State University researchers developed a simple and efficient way to transform polyactic acid (PLA) (聚乳酸), a bio-based plastic used in products such as filament, plastic silverware and food packaging to high-quality resin.
“We found a way to immediately turn this into something that’s stronger and better, and we hope that will provide people with the inspiration to upcycle this stuff instead of just throw it away,” said Yu-Chung Chang, a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and a co-corresponding author on the work. “We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.”
Although it’s bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn’t bread down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading (降解). It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when it’s melted down and re-formed, it doesn’t perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.
“It’s biodegradable and compostable, but once you look into it, it turns out that it can take up to 100 years for it to rot away in a landfill,” Chang said. “In reality, it still creates a lot of pollution. We want to make sure that when we do start producing PLA on the million-tons scale, we will know how to deal with it.”
While the researchers focused on PLA for the study, they hope to apply the work to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) (涤纶树脂), which is more common than PLA and has a similar chemical structure and present a bigger waste problem. They have filed a temporary patent and are working further optimize (优化) the process. The researchers ane also looking into other applications for the upcycling method.
23. What can the method help do according to paragraph 1
A. Solve financial crisis.
B. Change waste into wealth.
C. Control plastic production
D. Determine 3D printing skills
24. What does Yu-Chung Chang think of the method
A. Promising B. Unrealistic
C. Imaginable D. Common
25. Which of the following is a feature of number 7 plastics
A. Invaluable to recycle B. Easy to deal with
C. Hard to break down D. Difficult to sort out.
26. What is the text mainly about
A. Applications for an upcycling method.
B. A better method to break down plastic
C. 3D printing with newly found materials
D. A new way to turn plastic into valuable products.
D
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know. By next year, half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈). We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, it’s too little, too late. By the time these “solutions”(解决方案) become widely available, scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use. At this year’s I/O Conference, a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision. A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mother’s name, and card number. Scammers follow money, so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by, or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
27. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls
A. Panicked. B. Confused. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.
28. Taking advantage of the new technologies, scammer can ________.
A. aim at victims precisely B. damage databases easily
C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely
29. What does the passage imply
A. Honesty is the best policy.
B. Technologies can be double-edged.
C. There are more solutions than problems.
D. Credibility holds the key to development.
30. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are frequent reports on the need of volunteers in so many different charitable organizations．___31___ There are actually many ways to find opportunities to help others．When a person is looking for volunteer opportunities and doesn’t care where he volunteers，a good place to look for jobs is through local volunteer centers．These centers may have lists，much like classified ads，requesting volunteers in a variety of fields．It can help to choose a volunteer position that will take advantage of work or life experience．___32___ Other employers and companies may not be that picky and are willing to take on anyone who has enthusiasm for the work．
Sometimes people want to become a volunteer in a specific type of work．___33___ The best route may be to contact these facilities and find out what available volunteer programs they have．Some programs may require job applications and training，and this training isn’t always free．Looking around at a few programs can help people find the ones that don’t charge for training．
___34___ Schools may additionally have volunteer job listings that can help people become a volunteer．Sometimes listings for jobs are exclusive(独有的) to the school and people may find work as tutors or administrative assistants．
It isn’t always necessary to look at non-profit companies to find volunteer opportunities．Plenty of individuals and for-profit companies may benefit from volunteers’help too．A volunteer babysitter or someone who helps a neighbor with the housework can make a big difference in a community．Volunteering doesn’t have to be a full-time commitment．___35___
A. Different organizations have different ways to attract volunteers．
B. They may want to help at an animal shelter or work in a hospital．
C. Many schools now have community service requirements for students．
D. It may be an occasional thing that promotes good feelings between neighbors．
E. Many people will give more time if they see the benefit of their volunteer work．
F. But people don’t know how to start sometimes if they want to become a volunteer．
G. Some volunteer positions do require that applicants have certain experience before they are hired．
第四部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I believe I have a personal duty to make a positive impact on society. I’ve tried to ____36____ this goal by choosing a career in public service. As a physician dealing with the challenge of infectious diseases, I consider my job a ____37____, which allows me to help ease the suffering of humankind. I have three principles to ____38____ my life, which I always think about.
Firstly, I have a strong thirst for ____39____, I think I will never know as much as I ____40____. This is what keeps the ____41____ of knowledge hot. And it is why I would do my job every day even if I cannot get high income.
Secondly, I believe in fighting for ____42____, I sweat over all the stuff, without feeling ____43____ for it. One of the byproducts of being a perfectionist is anxiety. But this anxiety creates a ____44____ tension that drives me to fulfill my limited potential.
Thirdly, I believe that my goal to be a physician is to _____45_____ humankind. I have spent my _____46_____ on public service. Most of it involved research, the care of _____47_____ and the public health policy on AIDS.
I think, to control this terrible disease _____48_____, I must be guided by these principles: continually thirsting for knowledge, accepting nothing _____49_____ of excellence and knowing that the_____50_____of society is more important than my gains.
36. A. accomplish B. ignore C. change D. find
37. A. solution B. game C. program D. gift
38. A. form B. check C. guide D. prove
39. A. power B. knowledge C. adventure D. evidence
40. A. want B. promise C. admit D. refuse
41. A. necessity B. excuse C. recovery D. pursuit
42. A. agreement B. balance C. excellence D. fairness
43. A. embarrassed B. curious C. amused D. regretful
44. A. common B. healthy C. serious D. harmful
45. A. employ B. introduce C. unite D. serve
46. A. reputation B. career C. doubt D. luck
47 A. children B. elders C. patients D. students
48. A. randomly B. occasionally C. successfully D. immediately
49. A. full B. short C. worthy D. typical
50. A. good B. standard C. variety D. arrival
第五部分 语篇填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There’s just a l-in-3.700,000 chance that a person will be killed by ____51____ shark, but the fear is still enough to have swimmers worrying about ____52____ (be) seen as prey (捕获物). Now, new research supports the long-standing theory, ____53____ explains that it’s a case of “mistaken identity” when great whites go in for a bite.
A team of biologists ____54____ (compare) videos of seals swimming with those of humans swimming. They then edited the clips to simulate a great white’s vision and found that from the ocean inhabitant’s point ____55____ view, humans do indeed have a strong resemblance to seals.
“Usually, great white sharks ____56____ (regard) as ‘mindless killers’ and ‘fond of human flesh’. However, this does not seem to be the case; we just look like ____57____ (they) food,” Laura Ryan, lead author of the study, told Live Science.
“They eat seals every day and bites on people are ____58____ (extreme) rare,” said Catherine MacDonald. a marine scientist at the University of Miami. “So if they’re not solving the problem visually, then how do we think they’re solving it ____59____ (hit) the right targets, sharks could be relying on other senses, like the scent. If that’s the case, ____60____ (addition) studies on how great whites use those senses could help prevent further attacks.”
第六部分 词汇(共20小题，每题1分，共20分)
第一节 请根据汉语和首字母提示，填入单词的正确形式。(请在答题卡上填写完整的单词)
61. Sometimes I jog in the early morning, I love myself to be much s__________ (苗条的)．(根据中英文提示填空)
62. The stadium is large enough to accommodate 100,000 a__________ (观众). (根据中英文提示填空)
63. Medicine is e__________(有效的)if used within three years．(根据中英文提示填空)
64. The author gave v__________(多种多样的) reasons for having written the book. (根据中英文提示填空)
65. He decided to make a good i__________(印象) on the girl’s parents. (根据中英文提示填空)
66. I’m looking forward to e__________ (探险：探索) senior high school campus．(根据中英文提示填空)
67. Luckily she was not badly i__________(受伤) in the accident and we took her to the nearest hospital. (根据中英文提示填空)
第二节 请用所给单词的正确形式填空。
68. Young children show __________ (curious) about everything around them. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69. On seeing the __________ (frighten) scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70. In the current __________ (economy) conditions, we must keep costs down. (所给词的适当形式填空）
71. It is estimated that about 15% of the __________ (apply) had been offered positions last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
72. If he couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of ________ (survive). (所给词的适当形式填空)
73. I didn’t know it was such a__________(stress) job when I took the position. (所给词的适当形式填空)
74. They are emotionally mature and should behave __________ (responsible). (所给词的适当形式填空)
75. Although she was __________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude, waiting patiently to be rescued. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第三节 根据句意选择恰当的词组并用正确形式填空。
根据句意选择恰当的词组并用正确形式填空。
get used to keep up with keep company with make arrangements for used to do make sense make up for
76. He is so mean that no one will __________ him.
77. He was busy __________ your journey when you called.
78. Your composition isn’t written well, because many sentences in it don’t __________.
79. The number of “silver surfers” has increased greatly over the past several years because more and more old people __________ using the Internet technology.
80. __________ the changing world, we must be involved in lifelong learning and be ready to accept new things.
第七部分 写作(满分15分)
81. 假定你是李华，你校下周将举办运动会，你作为学生会主席，打算邀请外教Tom参加运动会，请你给他写一封英文邮件，内容包括：
1．运动会时间和地点；
2．运动会比赛项目介绍；
3．表达邀请。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
