(共31张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
要点精研·探究学习
课时达标·随堂自测
要点精研·探究学习
1department n．(大学的)系，部；科；处
(教材原句)In 1929, Qian was accepted into the Department of Foreign Languages at Tsinghua University.
1929年，钱钟书被清华大学外语系录取。
He resigned as head of department.
他辞去了部门主管的职务。
the English department＝the department of English 英语系
the marketing/sales department 营销部/销售部
the Treasury Department 财政部
the Department of the Environment 环境部
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①There are more than twenty______________(department) in the key university.
翻译句子
②他把他的部门管理得很好。
__________________________________________________________
③我梦想去山东大学英语系学习。
__________________________________________________________
departments
He managed his department well.
I dream of studying in the English department of Shandong University.
2 give an account of叙述，指述
(教材原句)Zhang Qian, a diplomat, gave a reliable account of the lands of Central Asia for the Han court.
外交家张骞为汉朝朝廷提供了中亚地区的可靠资料。
The correspondent was too shocked to give an account of what had happened.记者震惊得无法描述所发生的事情。
She gave an incomplete account of the incident.
她对那个事件作了不完整的叙述。
She gave a thrilling account of her life in the jungle.
她把自己在丛林中的生活描述得惊险刺激。
He doesn't drink alcohol on account of his poor health.
由于身体不好，他不喝酒。
Can you account for your absence last Friday
你能解释一下上周五你为什么缺勤吗？
The professor warned the students that on no account should they use mobile phones in his class.
教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上绝对不能使用手机。
on account of 由于；因为
on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
take sth. into account＝take account of sth.
考虑到某事；把某事考虑进去
be of little/no account (to sb.)
对(某人)无足轻重/不重要
account for 解释；是……的原因；占(一定数量或比例)
[单词积累]
account n．[C]账户，账目，报道；叙述；说明 v．解释
accountant n．会计
[即学即练] 单句语法填空
①The heavy rain may have accounted ________ the landslide last night.
②The doctor will take your weight ________ account and then give some suggestions.
③________ account of his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
④She gave the police a full account ________ the incident.
⑤Exports play an important role in their company, ________ (account) for 70% of their trade.
for
into
On
of
accounting
识记下列重要知识点
①fundamental adj.基础的；根本的；十分重大的
②scholar学者；scholarship奖学金；
win a scholarship获得奖学金
③Confucius孔子；Confucianism孔子学说；
the Confucius Institute孔子学院
④be mixed with 与……混合在一起
⑤as a whole 总的来说
⑥be an expert in 精通，熟于……
⑦interact with 与……相互作用
状语从句
语法新知·衔接课堂
一、语法现象感知
①You can only imagine how travellers felt when they saw the oasis of Dunhuang ahead of them.
②If you look up, you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
③The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, with their scarves flying, as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
④...these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
⑤In the Ming Dynasty, trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.
⑥Gradually, it faded from memory, even though it was once such a great city.
二、语法规则理解
1．①④句是________状语从句。
2．②句是________状语从句。
3．③⑤句是________状语从句。
4．⑥句是________状语从句。
时间
条件
方式
让步
语法探究·核心突破
状语从句(Adverbial Clause)是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词，定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较和让步状语从句．共9种。
一、时间状语从句
时间状语从句用来说明主句谓语动词发生的时间。常用引导词：when，as，while，as soon as, before, after, since, till, until。
1．when/while/as
连词 含义及用法
when “当……时候”，可与延续性动词或短暂性动词连用；从句动作可以发生在主句动作之前、之后或与主句动作同时发生。
while “当……时候”，一般与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
as “一边……一边……”，常与延续性动词连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生。
When they heard the news, they were very excited.当他们听到这个消息时，非常激动。
While/When she was reading her parents' letter, she was very moved.她读父母的信时，非常感动。
As she grew older, she gained in confidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
(1)when还可作并列连词，意为“就在这个时候”。
I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.我正在做作业，这时突然有人敲门。
常用于以下句型：
①be about to do... when正要做……这时
②be doing... when正在做……这时
③had done... when刚做完……就
(2)while还可引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。另外，while还可用作并列连词，表示“然而”。
While/Although/Though he is young, he has become a professor of this university.
虽然他很年轻，但他已成为这个大学的一名教授。
2.before/since
People think it won't be long before Dunhuang becomes a global crossroads again.
人们相信过不了多久敦煌会再次成为全球的活动中心。
As is reported, it is over 100 years since Tsinghua University was founded.
据报道，清华大学已经建校100多年了。
连词 含义及用法
before 表示“在……之前；还没来得及……就……”，常用于“It will be/was＋时间段＋before从句”结构。
since 表示“自从……以来”，常用于“It is/has been＋时间段＋since从句”结构。
3．not...until...表示“直到……才”，主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词。
As far as I know, his mother won't go to bed until he returns home every evening.
据我所知，他母亲每晚直到他回家才会上床睡觉。
4．表示“一……就……”的连词：
(1)hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner...than...
Hardly had we got into the village when it began to rain.
我们刚到这个村庄，天就下起雨来。
(2)directly, immediately, instantly
He made for the door directly he heard the knock.
他一听到敲门声，就朝门口走去。
(3)the moment/minute/instant
The moment he saw his mother, he burst into tears.他一看到他的母亲就大哭起来。
二、原因状语从句
常用引导词：because，since，as, now that, considering that(考虑到，鉴于)
连词 含义及用法
because 语气最强，表示必然的因果关系，用来回答why的提问。
since 语气稍弱，表示对方已经知晓的原因或事实，意为“既然；因为；由于”。
as 语气最弱，往往不是明显的原因，只是对结果的附带说明。
She's got the job because she has a good command of many languages.
她得到了这份工作因为她精通多种语言。
Since it is late，I shall go home now.
既然天晚了，我现在该回家了。
As he wasn't there, we left a message.
由于他不在，我们给他留下了一条信息。
三、让步状语从句
1．although，though，as和while引导的让步状语从句
(1)though引导的从句可用倒装语序，也可不倒装；although引导的从句不倒装；as引导的从句必须用倒装语序。
Although these measures are not effective forever, they are vital for now.
虽然这些措施并不能永远有效，但它们目前是至关重要的。
Tired as/though he is, he offers to help me.
尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。
(2) while引导让步状语从句，只能置于句首。
While I am willing to help，I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是没有多少时间。
2．even if与even though引导的让步状语从句
John is in good shape physically even though/even if he doesn't have enough time to take exercise.
约翰尽管没有足够的时间锻炼，但体形很好。
3．“疑问词＋ ever”引导的让步状语从句
“疑问词＋ ever”表示“无论……”，引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matter＋疑问词”。
No matter how/However well you know Paris, it is easy to get lost.
不管你对巴黎多么熟悉，也很容易迷路。
四、其他状语从句
状语从句 连词
条件状语从句 if, unless(＝if...not) , so/as long as(只要), on condition that, in case (万一), suppose/ supposing, provided/providing
目的状语从句 so that, in order that, in case (以防)
结果状语从句 so that, so... that..., such... that...
地点状语从句 where, wherever
方式状语从句 as(正如，正像)．as if/as though(好像)
比较状语从句 than, as... as..., not as/so...as...
As long as you can keep away from them, you're safe.只要你离他们远一点，你就会安全。
I'll give you all the facts so that you can judge for yourself.
我把所有事实都告诉你．以便你自己做出判断。
Our country's history is so long and glorious that we are all proud of it.
我们国家的历史如此悠久和辉煌，以至于我们都感到自豪。
They completely ignore these facts as if they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它们不存在似的。
课时达标·随堂自测
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Researchers are applying scientific methods to the study of the universality of art. For instance, evolutionary psychology is being used by numerous literary ________ (scholar) to explain the long lasting themes in fiction.
2．The project will be of great benefit to the region as ________ whole.
3．Give ________ account of what happened in not more than 80 words.
4．The powder ________ (mix) with cold water to form a paste.
5．Price is determined through the ________ (interact) of demand and supply.
scholars
a
an
is mixed
interaction
Ⅱ.用适当的状语从句的连词填空
1．Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion ________ he wants their support.
2．On our way to the house, it was raining ______ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.
3．________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.
4．Let's not pick these peaches until this weekend so ________ they get sweet enough to be eaten.
5．________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
unless
so
If
that
Unless
6．______________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know.
7．If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people ________ you figure it out.
8．It will be three years ________they meet again.
9．This photo of mine was taken _______ stood the famous Eiffel Tower.
10．I was driving down to London _______ I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
Although/Though
until
before
where
when
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．既然你有机会，就该充分利用。
_________________________，you might as well make full use of it.
2．只要你不灰心，你就会成功。
________________________， you will succeed.
3．无论他说什么，不要相信他。
Don't trust him, _________________________．
4．如果你方便的话，明天晚上7点我会在音乐厅的门口与你会面。
___________________， I'll meet you at the entrance of the music hall at 7：00 tomorrow evening.
5．这是一项如此激动人心的活动，以至于我们都玩得非常愉快。
It was such _________________ we all enjoyed ourselves very much.
Now that/Since you've got a chance
As long as you don't lose heart
no matter what/whatever he says
If it is convenient for you
an exciting activity that(共17张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Writing——写有关旅游的电子邮件
Part Ⅰ 文体感知
Ⅰ.框架建构：整体理解
Skim and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A. Recommend visiting New York.
Para.2 B. A future plan to visit China.
Para.3 C. Something appealing in Broadway district.
Para. 1 A Para. 2 C Para. 3 B
Ⅱ.文本剖析：特色表达
Write down useful sentences to express suggestions when recommending cultural highlights.
1．But knowing you as I do, _________________________________．
2．With your love of singing and interest in amateur dramatics, ___________________．
3．Can you ______________________________？
I'd suggest walking through Midtown Manhattan
I'd recommend a musical
recommend a place of cultural highlights
Ⅲ.知识点
①enormous adj. 巨大的，庞大的
an enormous amount of time/money
大量的时间/金钱
②amateur n. 业余爱好者
adj. 业余的
③tourist attractions 景点
④come alive 恢复生机，活跃起来
⑤a combination of ……的结合
Part Ⅱ Writing——Recommending cultural highlights
1．文体介绍
近年来英语写作以应用文为主，其中介绍某地的书面表达要求学生就某个地点(通常为知名景点)，提供必要的信息或建议。话题一般为由中国的中学生或中国导游向外国朋友或游客介绍某景点，内容结构大多为：回复信件或导游词＋景点介绍。
2．常用表达
(1)介绍景点的常用表达
...lies in/is located in... with an area of... square kilometres.
……坐落在……，面积为……平方千米。
It is a large city, having/with a population/history of...它是一座大城市，有……人口/历史。
...has a great mix of fun and learning for every one.……让每个人都能玩得开心并学有所得。
Here you can enjoy...
在这里你可以欣赏到……
It is famous for.../as..., attracting many visitors from all over the world.……因/作为……闻名于世，吸引了许多来自世界各地的游客。
It is rich in natural resources, including..., which enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.它自然资源丰富，有……，享誉国内外。
If you want to have fun and more than fun, please come to...如果你想尽情娱乐，而且有更多的收获，就来……吧。
It is convenient to get here by air and rail.
乘飞机和坐火车到这里都很方便。
I believe you will enjoy your visit today.
我相信你们今天会玩得愉快。
(2)介绍旅游景点地理位置的常用句型
①表示“位置”的句型
... is/lies＋地点状语 ……位于……
...be located/situated＋地点状语
……坐落于……
②表示“海拔”的句型
...lies/is＋数词＋metres above sea level.
……海拔……米。
(3)介绍旅游景点风景名胜的常用句型
①列举“风景名胜”
There are many places of interest, such as...
有许多名胜，比如……
...has many places of interest, among which is/are... ……有许多名胜，其中就有……
②表述地区特色
…be famous/well known for...……因……而闻名。
...be famous/well known as...……作为……而闻名。
...be covered with...……为……所覆盖。
...be made up of/consists of...……由……组成。
(4)介绍旅游景点历史背景的常用句型
...has a long history of... years.
……有……年的历史。
...is a．.. place/country with... history.
……是具有……年历史的地方/国家。
...dates back to/dates from...
……可以追溯到……
典题演练
假如你是李华，暑假期间你和父母一起外出旅游玩得很开心，你想将你的旅游经历用邮件的形式与你的英国笔友Tom分享。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
谋篇布局
遣词造句
完成句子
1．我爸妈和我去了西藏首府拉萨旅行。
My parents and I _____________ the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa.
2．拉萨也是这个地区的政治、经济和文化中心。
Lhasa _________ political, economic and cultural ________________．
3．我们都对那儿的自然景观感到震惊。
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
went on a trip to
is also the
center of the region
We were all surprised by the natural scenery there.
4．那儿的自然景观让我们感到平静祥和。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
5．我们首先参观了布达拉宫，它最初建于七世纪。
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
The natural scenery there made us feel peaceful and quiet.
We first visited the Potala Palace which was originally built in the 7th century.
句式升级
6．用定语从句合并1、2句
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
7．用定语从句合并3、4句
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
8．用非谓语动词改写句5
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
My parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa, which is also the political, economic and cultural center of the region.
We were all surprised by the natural scenery there, which made us feel peaceful and quiet.
We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century.
完美成篇
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
完美成篇
Dear Tom，
I'd like to share my travel experience with you. During this summer holiday，my parents and I went on a trip to the capital city of Tibet, Lhasa, which is also the political, economic and cultural center of the region.
We first visited the Potala Palace originally built in the 7th century. And then, we appreciated a rich collection of cultural treasures in Tibet Museum where we learned some useful historical knowledge about Tibet. During those days, we were all surprised by the natural scenery there, which made us feel peaceful and quiet. I strongly suggest that you travel to Tibet with me next time and I'm sure you will have a wonderful time.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua(共18张PPT)
Unit 3 单元基础知识汇总
巧记速背·自查自测
单元评价·自查自纠
巧记速背·自查自测
本 单 元 词 汇
[黑体部分为重点单词]
gateway/'ɡe twe / n. 通向……的门户
oasis/ 'e s s/ n. (沙漠中的)绿洲
glorious/'ɡl ri s/ adj. 辉煌的
boast/b st/ v. (地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
grotto/'ɡr t / n. 小洞穴
testimony/'test m ni/ n. 证据；证明
statue/'st t u / n. 雕像；塑像
mural/'mj r l/ n. 壁画
religious/r 'l d s/ adj. 宗教的
heavenly/'hev( )nli/ adj. 天国的
peak/pi k/ n. 高峰，顶点
scroll/skr l/ n. 纸卷，卷轴
crossroads/'kr sr dz/ n. 活动中心，汇集地
expo/'eksp / n. 展览会，博览会
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/ v. 加强
①合成 gate n．门，门户＋way n．路，小道→gateway n．
②派生 glory n．荣誉，荣耀＋ ous(形容词后缀：具有……特征的)→glorious adj.
③联想 这只“烤”(roast)鸭让你“自豪地拥有”(boast)
④联想 “测验”(test)是对你学习效果最好的“证明”(testimony)
⑤派生 religion n．信仰＋ ous(形容词后缀：具有……的，有……特征的)→religious adj.
⑥派生 heaven n．天堂，天空＋ ly(形容词后缀：有……特征的)→heavenly adj.
⑦联想 能“滚动”(roll)的这个“卷轴”(scroll)很名贵
⑧合成 cross n．十字，交叉＋road n．路→crossroads n.
⑨派生 strength n．力气，力量＋ en(动词后缀：使具有……特征)→strengthen v．
coverage/'k v( )r d / n. 覆盖范围
scholar/'sk l / n. 学者
department/d 'pɑ tm nt/ n. (大学的)系，部
institute/' nst tju t/ n. 学院；研究院
派生 cover vt.涵盖＋ age(名词后缀：……地方)→coverage n．
Sinologist/sa 'n l d st/ n. 汉学家
temple/'temp( )l/ n. 庙宇，寺院
tune/tju n/ n. 曲调，旋律
shepherd/' ep d/ n. 牧羊人
historian/h 'st ri n/ n. 历史学家
prior/'pra / adj. 先前的；较早的
genius/'d i ni s/ n. 天才，天赋
chamber/'t e mb / n. 房间
romance/r 'm ns/ n. 传奇故事
kingdom/'k d m/ n. 王国
stratagem/'str t d m/ n. 计谋，策略
enormous / 'n m s/ adj. 巨大的，庞大的
①派生 Sinology n．汉学＋ ist(名词后缀：研究……的人)→Sinologist n.
②联想 与“羊”(sheep)有关的“牧羊人”(shepherd)
③派生 history n．历史＋ ian(名词后缀：……专家)→historian n.
④派生 pri (＝pre 前缀：在前的，预先的)＋or→prior adj.
⑤联想 由“琥珀”(amber)做成的这个“房间”(chamber)是送给他的礼物
⑥派生 king n．国王＋ dom(名词后缀：领地，范围)→kingdom n．
本 单 元 短 语
be testimony to 是……的证明
seal...up 把……密封住，封存起来
bring...to life 使……苏醒/活跃起来
be exposed to 暴露于……
on the whole 总的来说
date from 追溯到，起源于
fade from 从……中消逝
prior to 在……之前，先于……
keep a close eye on 密切关注……
strike a chord 引起共鸣
单元评价·自查自纠
Ⅰ.单词
1．________ n．高峰，顶点
2．________ n．(大学的)系，部
3．________ n．学院；研究院
4．________ n．庙宇，寺院
5．________ n．曲调，旋律
6．________ adj.先前的；较早的
7．________ n．天才，天赋
8．________ n．王国
9．________ n．通向……的门户
10．________ n．雕像；塑像
peak
department
institute
temple
tune
prior
genius
kingdom
gateway
statue
11．________ n. 荣誉；光荣→________ adj. 辉煌的
12．________ n. 宗教→________ adj. 宗教的
13．________ n. 力气，体力→________ v. (使)变强；加强→________ adj. 强壮的
14．________ v. 覆盖，涉及→________ n. 覆盖范围
15．________ n. 学者→________ n. 奖学金；学问
16．________ n. 历史→________ n. 历史学家→________ adj. 历史上著名的→________ adj. (有关)历史的，历史学的
17．________ adj. 巨大的，庞大的→_________ adv. 非常，极其
glory
glorious
religion
religious
strength
strengthen
strong
cover
coverage
scholar
scholarship
history
historian
historic
historical
enormous
enormously
Ⅱ.短语
1．________________ 在……之前，先于……
2．________________ 暴露于；接触
3．________________ 密切关注
4．________________ 使活泼，使生动，使苏醒
5．________________ 致力于
6．________________ 实现
prior to
be exposed to
keep a close eye on
bring... back to life
work on
come true
7．________________ 除……以外
8．________________ 对……是熟悉的
9．________________ 整体上
10．________________ 对……高度评价
11．________________ 有很多共同点
12．________________(＝date back to) 追溯到
in addition (to)
be familiar to
on the whole
think highly of
have a lot in common
date from
Ⅲ.重点句型
1．where引导定语从句
On the old Silk Road, this city was the gateway to and from Ancient China, a place _________________， and a green island in the middle of the desert.(东西方交会的地方)
2．介词(of)＋关系代词(which)
Now，we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves, _________________________．[(敦煌)有七百多个洞窟]
3．so that引导目的状语从句
Come a little bit closer _________________________．(这样你就可以看得更清楚)
where East met West
of which there are more than 700
so that you can get a better view
4．with的复合结构
The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky, __________________， as if they are about to fly down to meet us.(他们帔巾飘飘)
5．介词短语位于句首的倒装
_____________， now known as the famous Library Cave, __________ thousands of manuscripts, paintings and scrolls as well as silk embroideries.(一个封闭的洞窟里藏有……)
with their scarves flying
In a sealed cave
were hidden
