邗江一中第一学期十二月调研测试
英语试题
2023. 12
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共5 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which place is the man looking for
A. A drugstore. B. A bookstore. C. A bank.
2. When will the concert start
A 6:00. B. 7:00. C. 8:00.
3. Why doesn’t the woman like the subway
A. The prices are too high. B. There are too many people. C. It doesn’t stop near her office.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Holiday plans. B. Cultural traditions. C. The size of their families.
5. What is the weather like now
A. Wet and rainy. B. Foggy and windy. C. Sunny and warm.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍, 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What surprised the woman
A. The man did well in the interview.
B. The man will know the result very soon.
C. They won’t make a decision until next Friday.
7. How does the man sound
A. Disappointed. B. Uncertain. C. Confident.
听第7段材料, 回答第8 至10题。
8. What did the woman say about the handbag
A. It cost her fifty dollars.
B. She paid full price for it last month.
C. She left it somewhere on the fifth floor.
9. What was one of the items in the woman’s handbag
A. Her passport. B. Her car keys. C. 300 dollars cash.
10. What did the woman want to buy after she left the cafe
A. Something to eat. B. Something to read. C. Something to listen to.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What’s the discounted price of the blouse
A. $58. B. $54. C. $50.
12. What does the man say about the blouses on the Internet
A. They are cheaper. B. They are out of style. C. The quality is not as good.
13. Why does the man agree to sell the blouse for $47
A. He is in a hurry. B. Something is wrong with it. C. The woman is a regular customer.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. What’s the relationship between the man and the woman
A. They are relatives. B. They are neighbors. C. They are husband and wife.
15. What can be seen at the moment in the man’s garden
A. Beans and potatoes. B. Potatoes and onions. C. Apples and tomatoes.
16. Which season is it now
A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Spring.
17. What does the man say about his wife
A. She loved to garden.
B. She made great apple pies
C. Her favorite food was green vegetables.
听第10 段材料, 回答第18 至20 题。
18. Who might the woman be
A. A TV hostess. B. A news broadcaster. C. The hostess of a cultural activity.
19. What did Daniel Robinson do at the age of 10
A. He wrote his own music. B. He started learning the piano. C. He joined the Julliard School.
20. What will Daniel Robinson do
A. Give a speech. B. Give a concert. C. Sign some books.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Outstanding kids
Gitanjali Rao, 15
“Observe, research, build and communicate.” That is what young scientist Gitanjali Rao told actor Angelina Jolie about her work using technology to deal with issues ranging from dirty drinking water to cyberbullying ( 网 络 欺 凌 ). Even over video chat, her brilliant mind shone through, along with her inspiring message to other young people: “If I can do it, you can do it too.”
Tyler Gordon, 14
Tyler Gordon has a speech disorder. “His escape was to not speak in front of people,” says Gordon’s mother, Nicole Kindle. But at 10, Gordon found his artistic voice. He won first place in an art contest. His big break came in 2018, when his portrait (画像) of NBA star Kevin Durant went viral. “Since he started painting, I can’t get the kid to be quiet,” says Kindle. Now Gordon hopes he can show other kids how to overcome their challenges with art as well.
Bellen Woodard, 10
In third grade, one of Bellen Woodard’s classmates asked her for a “skin color” crayon (蜡笔 ). Woodard, who was the only black student in her grade, says, “I told her next time I was going to ask what color she wants because it could be lots of different colors.” Then she began making a set of 12 “skin color” crayons. “I wanted to have crayons for a purpose,” she says. “My different shades (色度) of peaches and browns can hopefully match everyone.”
Ian McKenna, 16
Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that nearly a quarter of the kids at his school weren’t getting enough to eat at home. He thought, why not plant a garden at school, so that kids in need could take food home Now, seven years later, McKenna has provided more than 20,000 pounds of organic produce for many families.
1. Who uses art to overcome the fear of public speaking
A. Gitanjali Rao. B. Ian McKenna.
C. Bellen Woodard. D. Tyler Gordon.
2. What is Bellen Woodard’s purpose in making the crayons
A. To help students in real need. B. To spread a message of inclusion.
C. To encourage kids to love art. D. To inspire the young to solve problems.
3. Which of the following best describes Ian McKenna
A. Brave. B. Caring. C. Proud. D. Confident.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了四个杰出的孩子。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tyler Gordon, 14部分中“Tyler Gordon has a speech disorder.( Tyler Gordon有语言障碍。)”以及本段中“Now Gordon hopes he can show other kids how to overcome their challenges with art as well.(现在Gordon希望他能向其他孩子展示如何用艺术来克服他们的挑战。)”可知，Tyler Gordon用艺术来克服对公开演讲的恐惧。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bellen Woodard, 10部分中“Then she began making a set of 12 “skin color” crayons. “I wanted to have crayons for a purpose,” she says. “My different shades (色度) of peaches and browns can hopefully match everyone.”(然后，她开始制作一套12种“肤色”蜡笔。她说：“我希望能够有一个有用的蜡笔集。我多种色调的桃色和棕色希望能够适应每个人的肤色。”)”可知，Bellen Woodard希望通过这套12色的“肤色”彩笔传递多元、包容的信息。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Ian McKenna, 16部分中“Now, seven years later, McKenna has provided more than 20,000 pounds of organic produce for many families.(七年后的今天，Ian McKenna已经为许多家庭提供了超过2万磅的有机农产品。)”可知，当Ian McKenna知道许多孩子在家里得不到足够的时候，七年后，Ian McKenna已经为许多家庭提供了超过2万磅的有机农产品来帮助这些孩子，由此推断已经为许多家庭提供了超过2万磅的有机农产品，由此推断Ian McKenna是关心他人的。故选B。
B
Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition (认知) What about our body Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.
If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs — they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.
Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.
Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.
For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.
Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.
4. According to the author, what is the significance of EC
A. It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition.
B. It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain.
C. It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition.
D. It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology.
5. Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from
A. Their personal looks. B. Their mental needs.
C. Their inner emotions. D. Their physical feelings.
6. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5
A. Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B. Human senses have effects on thinking.
C. Human language is shaped by visual images.
D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC.
B. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
C. To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
D. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家的一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段第五句话“The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。)”可推知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段第四句话“They don’t have emotions so much as need — they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world，they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.(他们没有如同需要那么多的情感——他们不会感到悲伤，他们只是饿，需要食物。即使是未出生的婴儿也能感觉到母亲的心跳，这具有镇静作用。在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来)”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话“For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和第四段第一句话“Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动)”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第三段EC的观点“Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.(年长的西方哲学家和主流语言研究人员认为这是事实，而EC理论认为大脑和身体作为一台有机的超级计算机协同工作，处理一切并形成反应)”。所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句话“Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it (既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢 )”以及下文中列举的两种现实生活中的情况“If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. (如果你今天过得很糟糕，一杯温暖的茶会给你带来一瞬间的快乐。如果你知道自己身体很冷，在做出任何人际关系决定之前先热身。)”可推知，最后一段作者鼓励读者把 EC 理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。
C
The first time you start to read a poem, you must relax and read through it without concentrating on its meaning. Imagine you are meeting a person for the first time. You will just observe him and listen to his voice, as well as watch his shapes or movements, but you have not yet known what he is all about. Likewise, you may enjoy the sound, rhythms, or wording, and form some first impressions about a poem.
On your second reading, you should concentrate more on the general meaning of the poem. This time, you will want to compare your feelings about the poem by now with how you felt before. Are they the same What is different and why
Your third reading will focus more on details: the words, phrases, or images. Looking up any unfamiliar words in a dictionary so that you can gain a more accurate understanding. Using the example given above about meeting someone, his image will change gradually and slightly as you meet and learn more about him. Therefore, in your additional readings, it is a good idea to compare your understanding each time with the understanding before.
A helpful approach to further understanding a poem is to summarize it in your own pare your version of understanding with those of others reading the same poem, and listen to how they form such opinions. Remember, however, that there is no exact or right meaning for a poem, as most poets have admitted they themselves are not exactly sure what they meant when writing certain lines or phrases; they have even been heard to say on occasion that sometimes words just seem to “drop from heaven” and land on the page. That is what awakening the imagination is all about. If you are lucky, and if you practice enough, magical things may happen when you write and you may be able to produce a beautiful poem or other work of art yourself.
8. Why does the author give the example of “meeting a person”
A. To arouse readers’ interest in reading poems. B. To support his argument about reading poems.
C. To advise poem readers to be relaxed. D. To make his point easier to understand.
9. What will you gain from the third reading of a poem
A. General meaning. B. Rhythm beauty.
C. Deeper meaning. D. Poetic structure.
10. What does the underlined word “ that ” refer to
A. Poets themselves don’t understand their poems.
B. Beautiful poems drop from heaven occasionally.
C. Poetic meanings are open to different explanations.
D. Writing a summary helps understand a poem.
11. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Practice and patience make a man perfect.
B. Poetry is an expression of one’s will in words.
C. Inspiration and hard work help create great poems.
D. Luck marches with those who give their very best.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了作者关于如何读诗的理解。作者认为读诗要分三遍进行，第一遍只是做个大概的了解，有个初印象；第二遍了解整体大意；第三了解深刻意义。文章最后一段介绍了写诗歌总结有助于加强对诗的理解。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的首句“The first time you start to read a poem, you must relax and read through it without concentrating on is meaning.(当你第一次开始读一首诗时，你必须放松去阅读它，不要专注于它的意思。)”以及第一段的后几句“You will just observe him and listen to his voice, as well as watch his shapes or movements, but you have not yet known what he is all about. Likewise, you may enjoy the sound, rhythms, or wording, and form some first impressions about a poem.( 你只是观察他，听他的声音，以及观察他的形状或动作，但你还不知道他的一切。同样，你可能会喜欢一首诗的声音、节奏或措辞，并形成一些第一印象。)”可知，作者认为第一次读诗不需要做细致的分析和详尽的阅读，只是粗略地去了解。就像刚见到一个人一样，我们只会关注他的声音、外表等等。因此，作者举这个例是为了让读者更好地理解作者所表达的观点。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Your third reading will focus more on details: the words, phrases, or images. Looking up any unfamiliar words in a dictionary so that you can gain a more accurate understanding. (第三次阅读你将要更多地关注细节：单词、短语或意象。用词典查找任何不熟悉的单词，这样你可以获得更准确的理解。)”以及最后一句“Therefore, in your additional readings, it is a good idea to compare your understanding each time with the understanding before.(因此，在你的额外阅读中，将你每次的理解与之前的理解进行比较是一个好主意。)”可知，第三次阅读要更加注意细节内容，这样才能更好地理解一首诗所传递的深刻含义，你才能真正地理解它。故选C项。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第四段第三和第四句“Remember, however, that there is no exact or right meaning for a poem, as most poets have admitted they themselves are not exactly sure what they meant when writing certain lines or phrases; they have even been heard to say on occasion that sometimes words just seem to “ drop from heaven ” and land on the page.(然而，请记住，一首诗没有确切或正确的含义，因为大多数诗人都承认，他们自己在写某些诗句或短语时并不确定所写的是什么意思；他们有时甚至会说，有时候文字就像是从天而降，落在纸上。)”可知，对于一首诗内容的理解可能会因人而异，而且连诗人都不确定自己想说什么，这也就需要读者自己发挥想象力做出解释了。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“If you are lucky, and if you practice enough, magical things may happen when you write and you may be able to produce a beautiful poem or other work of art yourself.(如果你运气好，并且练习得足够多，当你写作的时候，神奇的事情可能会发生，你可能会自己创作出一首美丽的诗歌或其他艺术作品。)”可知，创造出好的诗或作品需要付出很多努力，当然还需要点运气，这个运气就是所谓的灵感，这样才会有神奇的事发生。故选C项。
D
Climate change and land-use change are projected to make wildfires more frequent and intense, with a global increase of extreme fires of up to 14 per cent by 2030, 30 per cent by the end of 2050 and 50 per cent by the end of the century, according to a new report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and GRID-Arendal.
The paper calls for a complete change in government spending on wildfires, changing their investments from reaction and response to prevention and preparedness.
The report, Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires, finds a higher risk even for the Arctic and other regions previously unaffected by wildfires. The report had been released before representatives of 193 nations held a meeting in Nairobi for the restarted 5th session of the UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-5.2), between 28 February and 2 March, 2022.
The publication calls on governments to adopt a new “Fire Ready Formula” with two-thirds of spending devoted to planning, prevention, preparedness, and recovery, with one third left for response. Currently, direct responses to wildfires typically receive over hall of related cost, while planning and prevention receive less than one per cent.
To prevent fires, authors call for a combination of data and science-based monitoring systems with native knowledge and for a stronger regional and international cooperation.
“Current government responses to wildfires are often putting money in the wrong place. Those emergency service workers and firefighters on the frontlines who are risking their lives to fight forest wildfires need to be supported. We have to reduce the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction, work with local communities, and strengthen global commitment to fight climate change.” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director.
Wildfires disproportionately (不成比例地) affect the world’s poorest nations. With an impact that extends for days, weeks and even years after the flames die down, they block progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Coals and deepen social inequalities.
12. What does the paper appeal to the government to do with wildfires
A. Invest more money on forecast.
B. Give advanced warning to wild animals
C. Focus on the act of stopping them from happening,
D. Plant more tress to make up for the loss of forests.
13. What’s Inger Andersen’s attitude towards the current government’s measure
A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Unfair. D. Unconcerned.
14. What is the author likely to talk about next
A. The areas hit by climate change.
B. The names of the world’s poorest nations.
C. The relationship between wildfires and health.
D. The bad effects of wildfires on different fields.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Wildfires are spreading worldwide.
B. The UN held a meeting to discuss wildfires.
C. Governments should prepare themselves for wildfires.
D. The UNEP Executive Director released a report on wildfires.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了联合国环境规划署发布了一项报告，呼吁政府要注重对野火的防范。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The paper calls for a complete change in government spending on wildfires, changing their investments from reaction and response to prevention and preparedness. (该文件呼吁彻底改变政府在野火方面的支出，将其投资从反应和应对改为预防和准备。)”可知，这份文件呼吁政府注重对野火的防范。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段““Current government responses to wildfires are often putting money in the wrong place. Those emergency service workers and firefighters on the frontlines who are risking their lives to fight forest wildfires need to be supported. We have to reduce the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction, work with local communities, and strengthen global commitment to fight climate change.” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director. (执行主任Inger Andersen说，“当前政府对野火的应对措施经常把钱放错地方。需要支持那些冒着生命危险扑灭森林野火的一线应急服务人员和消防员。我们必须做好更好的准备，以减少极端野火的风险：在减少火灾风险方面加大投资，与当地社区合作，并加强全球承诺联合国环境规划署。)”可知，Inger Andersen认为当前政府对野火的应对措施往往是把钱用在了错误的地方。故Inger Andersen对目前政府所采取的措施持批评的态度。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Wildfires disproportionately(不成比例地) affect the world's poorest nations. With an impact that extends for days, weeks and even years after the flames die down, they block progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and deepen social inequalities in some fields. (野火不成比例地影响着世界上最贫穷的国家。火焰熄灭后，其影响持续数天、数周甚至数年，阻碍了实现可持续发展目标的进展，加深了某些领域的社会不平等。)”可知，野火不成比例地影响世界上最贫困的国家，阻碍可持续发展目标的进展，并加剧社会某些领域的不平等。由此可推断，作者接下来很可能会谈论野火对不同领域所造成的不良影响。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Climate change and land-use change are projected to make wildfires more frequent and intense, with a global increase of extreme fires of up to 14 per cent by 2030, 30 per cent by the end of 2050 and 50 per cent by the end of the century, according to a new report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and GRID-Arendal. (根据联合国环境规划署和全球资源信息数据库阿伦达尔的一份新报告，预计气候变化和土地使用变化将使野火更加频繁和强烈，到2030年全球极端火灾增加多达14%，到2050年底增加30%，到本世纪末增加50%)”以及第二段“The paper calls for a complete change in government spending on wildfires, changing their investments from reaction and response to prevention and preparedness. (该文件呼吁彻底改变政府在野火方面的支出，将其投资从反应和应对改为预防和准备。)”可知，文章介绍了联合国环境规划署发布的一项报告，旨在呼吁政府要注重对野火的防范。故选C。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we’re bored, most of us end up being glued to a phone. That might ease our boredom. ____16____ That time could’ve been spent on a different, more valuable activity. The following will help ease your boredom, and teach you to use time more productively.
Reading.
____17____ That’s because they were forced to read at school. But when you have the option to choose which book you’re going to read, you can understand why it’s enjoyable. Not only can it help ease your boredom, it’s also one of the best ways to expand your knowledge.
____18____
People often forget why they’re pursing something in the first place. Some may not even be sure what they’re supposed to be doing in their daily life. This lack of direction then often shows up as boredom. That’s why having goals is important.
Exercise.
Exercise is good and should be done frequently. ____19____ Most people who exercise do it to look better in the mirror. But there’s another reason why you should exercise, it improves our brain function.
Cleaning up your room.
Take a look around right now. Chances are that the space you’re in, is far from clean. However, you have to change that, as our physical environment has a huge impact on our cognition, behavior and decision making. ____20____ But once we remove all this visual mess from our environment, we’re able to focus and process information much better.
A. Pursuing a dream.
B. Planning and goal setting.
C. But there’s an opportunity cost.
D. Most people only do reading after school.
E. But for some reason, not everyone does it.
F. When our surroundings are a mess, so are we.
G. Most people don’t read anything after they’ve finished school.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个在我们无聊的时候做的事情，这些比起玩手机更有意义。
【16题详解】
根据前文“That might ease our boredom. (这也许能缓解我们的无聊。)”可知玩手机有一定好处；根据后文“That time could’ve been spent on a different, more valuable activity. (这些时间本可以花在其他更有价值的活动上。)”可知，玩手机的时间其实被浪费了，即玩手机的时候也错过了“使用这些时间做其他有意义的事情”的机会，即这样做存在机会成本。C项“But there’s an opportunity cost. (但这是有机会成本的。)”和前文构成转折；后文是对C项的进一步解释说明。因此C项承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据后文“That’s because they were forced to read at school. (那是因为他们被迫在学校读书。)”可知，人们在学校被迫读书，在校外不愿意读书 。G项“Most people don’t read anything after they’ve finished school. (大多数人毕业后什么都不读。)”符合语境，且后文“they”指代G项中“Most people”。故选G项。
【18题详解】
根据后文“That’s why having goals is important. (这就是为什么有目标很重要。)”可知本段主题强调树立目标的重要性。B项“Planning and goal setting. (计划和目标设定。)”符合语境。故选B项。
【19题详解】
前文“Exercise is good and should be done frequently. (运动是好的，应该经常做。)”说明做运动有好处且应该经常做。根据第二段“That’s because they were forced to read at school. (那是因为他们被迫在学校读书。)和第三段“Some may not even be sure what they’re supposed to be doing in their daily life. (有些人甚至不确定他们在日常生活中应该做什么。)”可知，在每段给出的建议下，都说明了很多人在现实中不这样做。因此本段建议运动，现实中有些人不运动。E项“But for some reason, not everyone does it. (但出于某种原因，并不是每个人都这样做。)”说明有些人不定期运动，符合语境。故选E项。
【20题详解】
根据“Cleaning up your room. (打扫你的房间。)” 和后文“But once we remove all this visual mess from our environment, we’re able to focus and process information much better. (但一旦我们把这些视觉上的混乱从我们的环境中移除，我们就能更好地集中注意力和处理信息。)”可知，本段主题为要打扫房间，拥有一个整洁的生活环境。F项“When our surroundings are a mess, so are we. (当我们周围的环境一团糟时，我们自己也一样。)”说明了整洁环境的重要性，符合语境。故选F项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、 B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our son, Tom, was different from others, because he was born with a serious brain disease. My wife and I often comforted him as he faced many ___21___ in his early years.
It was ___22___ to see him regularly chosen last for baseball, but his most tough time came when he began high school. One afternoon, Tom returned home in ___23___ and shouted: “I’m never going to school again!” He was ___24___ with food that other kids had ___25___ him on the school bus on the way home. Tom later told us what had ___26___. A few days earlier, Tom had ___27___ up for the school running team. That day, a few older students made fun of his performance on the track. I called the headmaster about the ___28___ and it never happened again.
One day, as the other kids exercised in the gym, they ___29___ one lonely runner Tom, jogging around the snow-covered track. A few weeks later, Tom said to me, “Dad, I was ready for the worst.” He added that each month, each student ____30____ an “athlete of the month” and voted (投票) for the ____31____. Tom’s name had never been ____32____. But that day, one student said: “Sir, I would like to propose (提名) Tom for athlete of the month.” The coach looked ____33____.“He works harder than any of us, Sir,” the student continued. “But we’ll have to have someone support the proposal,” the coach replied. Tears formed in Tom’s eyes as everyone in the class put their hands up. We, also in tears, looked on as he ____34____ showed his certificate (证书).
Whenever I feel hopeless, I think of this story. I ____35____ myself that challenges are not overcome by force, but by patience, determination, and faith.
21.
A. opportunities B. inspirations C. challenges D. changes
22.
A. hopeful B. heartbreaking C. convenient D. well-meaning
23.
A. relief B. tears C. shock D. failure
24.
A. filled B. provided C. attached D. covered
25.
A. thrown at B. pushed against C. broken down D. dropped out
26.
A. viewed B. supplied C. happened D. suffered
27.
A. stayed B. signed C. pulled D. cheered
28
A. crime B. tension C. movement D. situation
29.
A. concerned B. watched C. noticed D. ignored
30.
A. invited B. agreed C. meant D. chose
31.
A. winner B. ruler C. advisor D. fighter
32.
A. accepted B. recognized C. attended D. listed
33.
A. surprised B. awkward C. disappointed D. satisfied
34.
A. frankly B. proudly C. equally D. seriously
35.
A. argued B. reflected C. reminded D. comforted
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己的儿子Tom虽然脑瘫，但是他却靠耐心、决心和信念，以及自己比别人更多的努力，在学校的运动队里赢得了其他学生的尊重和认可。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的妻子经常安慰他，因为他在早年面临许多挑战。A. opportunities机会；B. inspiration灵感；C. challenges挑战；D. changes改变。根据上文“ur son, Tom, was different from others, because he was born with a serious brain disease.”可知,因为儿子脑瘫，因此他早年面临许多挑战，所以作者和妻子常常安慰他。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到他经常被选为棒球课的最后一名是令人心碎的，但他最艰难的时候是从上高中开始的。A. hopeful充满希望的；B. heartbreaking心碎的；C. convenient方便的；D. well-meaning善意的。这里It作形式主语，其后不定式内容“to see him regularly chosen last for baseball”是真正的主语，显然经常被选为最后一名是让人难过、心碎的。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，Tom哭着回家，喊道：“我再也不去上学了!”A. relief宽慰；B. tears眼泪；C. shock休克，震惊；D. failure失败。根据下文“I’m never going to school again!”和“He was 4 with food”可知他受到其他同学的欺负，所以他哭着回家，说再也不上学了。in tears“流着泪”。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他身上沾满了在回家的校车上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。A. filled装满；B. provide供应；C. attached附上；D. covered覆盖。根据上文“Tom returned home in 3 and shouted”可知他受到欺负、身上沾满了其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他身上沾满了在回家的校车上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。A. thrown at扔向；B. pushed against推撞；C. broken down崩溃；D. dropped out退出。根据“He was 4 with food”可知他受到其他同学的欺负，身上沾满了在校车上其他孩子扔到他身上的食物。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tom后来告诉我们发生了什么事。A. viewed观看；B. supplied供应；C. happened发生；D. suffered遭受。根据下文“I called the headmaster about the 8 , and it never happened again”可知Tom后来告诉作者发生了什么事，作者才报告了校长。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几天前，Tom报名参加了学校的跑步队。A. stayed停留，制止；B. signed署名，写下；C. pulled拉；D. cheered欢呼。根据下文“That day, a few older students made fun of his performance on the track.”可知，这里应表示几天前他报名参加了学校的跑步队。短语sign up for“报名参加”。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我打电话给校长说明了情况，从此这种事再也没发生过。A. crime犯罪；B. tension紧张；C. movement移动；D. situation情况。这里指的就是前句提到的“That day, a few older students made fun of his performance on the track.(那天，几个高年级学生在跑道上嘲笑他的表现)”即Tom被人嘲笑、欺负的情况。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当其他孩子在体育馆锻炼的时候，他们注意到一个孤独的跑步者——Tom，正在覆盖着雪的跑道上慢跑。A. concerned涉及；B. watched观看；C. noticed注意；D. ignored忽视。根据“one lonely runner — Tom, jogging around the snow-covered track”可知其他孩子在体育馆锻炼的时候，他们注意到一个孤独的跑步者——Tom。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，每个月，每个学生都会投票选出一名“本月最佳运动员”，而且让这个人成为获奖者。A. invited邀请；B. agreed同意；C. meant意味，打算；D. chose选择。根据“and voted for the 11 ”和下文“But that day, one student said:“Sir, I would like to propose Jason for athlete of the month.””可知每个月，每个学生都会投票选出一名“本月最佳运动员”。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他补充说，每个月，每个学生都会投票选出一名“本月最佳运动员”，而且让这个人成为获奖者。A. winner获胜者；B. ruler统治者，管理者；C. advisor顾问，指导教师；D. fighter战士，奋斗者。根据“each student 10 an“athlete of the month””以及本段末“he 14 showed his certificate（证书）”可知每个月，每个学生都会投票选出一名“本月最佳运动员”，而且让这个人成为获奖者。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tom的名字从来没有被列入过名单。A. accepted接受；B. recognized认可；C. attended注意，照料，出席；D. listed列出；列入。根据上文“A few weeks later, Jason said to me, Dad, I was ready for the worst.””可知因为Tom有残疾，所以他从来没想过、也没有进入过获奖者名单。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教练看起来很惊讶。A. surprised惊讶的，意外的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. disappointed失望的；D. satisfied满意的。根据“But that day, one student said: “Sir, I would like to propose Tom for athlete of the month.””可知因为Tom运动成绩并不好，所以当有学生提议他成为最佳运动员时，教练很吃惊。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们也热泪盈眶地看着他骄傲地展示他的证书。A. frankly坦率地；B. proudly自豪地；C.equally相等地；D. seriously严重地，恶劣地，认真地。根据上文“Tears formed in Tom’s eyes as everyone in the class put their hands up.”可知Tom的努力得到了大家的认可，所以他很骄傲地展示他的证书给父母看。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我提醒自己，挑战不是靠武力战胜的，而是靠耐心、决心和信念。A. argued辩论；B. reflected反映；C. remind提醒；D. comforted安慰。根据“that challenges are not overcome by force, but by patience, determination, and faith”可知作者是通过儿子的经历提醒、鞭策自己，挑战不是靠武力战胜的，而是靠耐心、决心和信念。故选C。
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Speaking of Chinese martial arts, or Kung Fu, an image of the super movie star Bruce Lee, _____36_____ superb fighting skills were popular throughout the world may appear in your mind. Over the years, Africa _____37_____ (see) the making of several Bruce Lee-wannabes with WuShu, the Mandarin-language term for martial arts, which have become popular across the continent. Students of the martial arts believe that Chinese kung fu promotes _____38_____ (health) living. On the eve of the Dragon Boat Festival in 2021, _____39_____ the support of the Chinese Embassy in Kenya, a martial arts tour _____40_____ (hold) in Kiambu county in Kenya with more than 60 competitors from seven clubs _____41_____ (compete) in kickboxing, ranging in age from 4 to 20. Kung fu has become a popular sport in Kenya, _____42_____ (particular) among school-age children. Chinese martial arts teach _____43_____ excellent way of life, and the sport helps people become strong, stay in good shape and develop excellent _____44_____ (concentrate). Chinese martial arts are lifetime physical exercises and are performed with balanced movements between the legs and hands, ______45______ (make) them preferable to other exercises.
【答案】36. whose
37. has seen
38. healthy
39. with 40. was held
41. competing
42. particularly
43. an 44. concentrations
45. making
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的武术在非洲很流行。
【36题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：说到中国武术，或者功夫，你脑海中可能会浮现出超级影星李小龙的形象，他高超的格斗技巧风靡全球。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the super movie star Bruce Lee，在定语从句中作名词superb fighting skills的定语，表示所属关系，所以用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【37题详解】
考查时态。句意：多年来，非洲出现了几位想成为李小龙的人，他们的武术在非洲大陆很受欢迎。根据时间状语Over the years可知，用现在完成时。主语Africa为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has seen。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：学武术的人相信中国功夫能促进健康生活。名词living前用形容词修饰。故填healthy。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：2021年端午节前夕，在中国驻肯尼亚大使馆的支持下，一场武术之旅在肯尼亚基安布县举行，来自7个俱乐部的60多名选手参加了自由搏击比赛，年龄从4岁到20岁不等。with the support of在……的支持下。故填with。
【40题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：2021年端午节前夕，在中国驻肯尼亚大使馆的支持下，一场武术之旅在肯尼亚基安布县举行，来自7个俱乐部的60多名选手参加了自由搏击比赛，年龄从4岁到20岁不等。根据时间状语On the eve of the Dragon Boat Festival in 2021可知，用一般过去时，主语a martial arts tour是单数，与hold之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，且be动词使用was。故填was held。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年端午节前夕，在中国驻肯尼亚大使馆的支持下，一场武术之旅在肯尼亚基安布县举行，来自7个俱乐部的60多名选手参加了自由搏击比赛，年龄从4岁到20岁不等。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处作非谓语动词，名词competitors与compete之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填competing。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：功夫在肯尼亚已经成为一项受欢迎的运动，尤其是在学龄儿童中。空处应用副词，在句中作状语。故填particularly。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：中国武术传授了一种优秀的生活方式，这项运动帮助人们变得强壮，保持良好的状态，培养出色的专注力。名词way为可数名词，泛指，且形容词excellent发音为元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：中国武术传授了一种优秀的生活方式，这项运动帮助人们变得强壮，保持良好的状态，培养出色的专注力。形容词excellent后接名词，在句中作宾语，名词concentration为可数名词，表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填concentrations。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国武术是一种终生的体育锻炼，在进行时，腿和手之间的动作平衡，这使它们比其他运动更受欢迎。句中已有谓语动词，所以空处作非谓语动词，逻辑主语Chinese martial arts与make之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作结果状语。故填making。
第四部分 基础知识运用 (共两节, 满分25分)
第一节单句语法填空 (根据句意或所给词填入适当形式的单词; 每题1分; 满分10分)
46. Without the sun, __________ gives us light and heat, there would be no life on the earth. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：没有给我们光和热的太阳，地球上就不会有生命。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是the sun“太阳”，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
47. Giant pandas Ya Ya and Le Le, ________pictures online have raised the public concern, will return to China after two decades in the US. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】whose
【解析】
【详解】考查关系代词。句意：大熊猫丫丫和乐乐的照片在网上引起了公众的关注，在美国待了20年后，它们将返回中国。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Giant pandas Ya Ya and Le Le，在从句中作定语，因而用whose引导。故填whose。
48. Director James Cameron puts his love of the ocean into his latest film, Avatar: The Way of Water, ________Jake Sully fights against human invaders to protect his family and their newfound oceanic home. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】where
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆将他对海洋的热爱融入了他的最新电影《阿凡达:水之路》中，杰克·萨利与人类入侵者战斗，以保护他的家人和他们新发现的海洋家园。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用关系副词引导，先行词是Avatar: The Way of Water，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以应该用where引导。故填where。
49. I visited the new and improved Community Sports Centre. It is not open to the public yet, but preparations ________ (make) presently for the reopening. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are being made
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：我参观了新建的社区体育中心。它还没有对公众开放，但目前正在为重新开放做准备。此处缺乏谓语，主语preparations与谓语动词make之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。根据presently可知，应用现在进行时，即现在进行时的被动语态（am/is/are being done），主语preparations是复数，谓语也用复数形式。故填are being made。
50. Large quantities of food _______(send) to the countries struck by the earthquake so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been sent
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已经向地震灾区运送了大量食品。时间状语so far常和现在完成时连用；动词send和句子主语large quantities of food之间为被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态，“large quantities of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。故填have been sent。
51. It _____ (assume) that some of our stress is caused by too much work. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is assumed
【解析】
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：人们认为，我们的一些压力是由太多的工作造成的。分析句子结构可知，该句为it作形式主语，that引导的为主语从句，此处应为主句的谓语动词，根据从句中的谓语动词is caused可知，该句描述的为现在的情况，所以此处应使用一般现在时，assume与it之间为被动关系，it为第三人称单数。故填is assumed。
52. I’d like to offer my sincere ____________ (congratulate) to you on your winning first place in the English speech competition.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】congratulations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我衷心祝贺你在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。作宾语，应用名词congratulation，且表示祝贺常用复数形式。故填congratulations。
53. We strongly recommended that attention _________(focus) on children’s physical health. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】(should) be focused
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：我们强烈建议关注儿童的身体健康。recommend表示“建议”，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；且此处attention与focus on构成被动关系，故填(should) be focused，作宾语从句的谓语。故填(should) be focused。
54. If I have any further news, you will be the first person________(know). （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】to know
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式作定语。句意：如果我有任何进一步的消息，我会第一个告诉你。英语中，“第几个做某事的人”的表达方式是：the first/sencond/third...person to do，后面应该用不定式作定语。本句子中表示“第一个知道的人”是the first person to know。故填to know。
55. According to some young girls, the ______ (slim) they are, the more attractive they’ll look. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】slimmer
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：根据一些年轻女孩的说法，她们越苗条，看起来就越有吸引力。分析句子，句中构成the+比较级，the+比较级的结构，意为“越……，就越……”。故填slimmer。
第二节 根据汉语以正确形式填空 (每题1.5分; 满分15分)
56. 学生可以去后台看看节目是如何制作。
The students were able to go ________ ________ ________ to see how programmes are made.
【答案】 ①. behind ②. the ③. scenes
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“在后台”，应用介词短语behind the scenes。故填①behind；②the；③scenes。
57. 考试让她忧心忡忡一整天, 她夜不能寐。
With the exams ________ ________ her head all day, she can’t sleep at night.
【答案】 ①. hanging ②. over
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。根据中英文提示，空处为“忧心忡忡”的表达，使用动词短语hang over表示“悬浮在……之上，笼罩”，hang out her head意指：满脑子都想着考试，忧心忡忡，分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，hang与逻辑主语the exams是主动关系，用现在分词形式作宾语补足语，故填hanging over。
58. 我刚刚在我的申请表上贴了一张照片。
I ________ a photo ________ my application form just now.
【答案】 ①. attached ②. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“在……附上”，应用动词短语attach...to，由just now可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填①attached；②to。
59. 据说这部新电影是根据一本小说改编的。
This new film is said ________ ________ ________ ________ a novel.
【答案】 ①. to ②. be ③. adapted ④. from
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式和动词短语。根据中英文提示，空处缺少“根据……改编”，译为adapt...from...，sb. / sth. be said to do ...这个句型解释为“据说……；人们认为……”，不定式作主语补足语；adapt与逻辑主语film是被动关系，不定式用被动语态to be done，故填to be adapted from。
60. 站在起跑线上, 男孩们开始伸展手臂和双腿, 为比赛做准备。
Standing on the starting line, the boys began ________ ________ their arms and legs in preparation for the match.
【答案】 ①. stretching ②. out
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据中英文提示，空处为stretch out“伸展，舒展”。begin doing是固定短语，译为“开始做某事”，综上。故填stretching out。
61. 这所大学的新校长正在努力不辜负学生们的期望。
The new university president is trying his best to ________ ________ ________ the expectations of the students.
【答案】 ①. live ②. up ③. to
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，空处表示“不辜负”，使用动词短语live up to，空前的to是不定式符号，空处用动词原形。故填①live；②up；③to。
62. 树能吸收空气中的二氧化碳并阻止全球变暖。
Tress can ________ ________ carbon dioxide in the air and prevent global warming.
【答案】 ①. take ②. in
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据所给中文句子和英文翻译可知，需翻译部分是“吸收”，设空为两个，所以应是动词短语：take in意为“吸收”，空前是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填①take，②in。
63. 我今天的讲座，可能无法对所有的幕后工作者给予公正的评价。
My lecture today may not be able to ________ all the work people have done behind the scenes.
【答案】do justice to
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。根据中英文提示，缺少“给予公正的评价”，为动词短语do justice to；设空处前为be able to do sth有能力做某事，故设空处应用动词原形的形式。故填do justice to。
64. 如果你处理得当, 你最终可能会被选为协会主席。
You might ________ ________ ________ selected chairman of the association if you play your cards right.
【答案】 ①. end ②. up ③. being
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据中英文提示，空处缺少“最终”的表达，end up doing sth.为固定用用法，意为“最终以做某事而结束，最终成为”，情态动词后接动词原形，句子主语You与动词select之间为被动关系，用动词elect动名词的被动形式being selected表被动。故填end up being。
65. 如果犯了错就要改正, 如果没有, 就要防范。
Correct mistakes if you have made any and ________ ________ them if you have not.
【答案】 ①. guard ②. against
【解析】
【详解】考查祈使句和短语。根据句意可知，空处为guard against“防止；提防”，分析句子可知，and连接祈使句，用动词原形。故填 guard against。
第五部分 应用文写作 (满分15分)
86. 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举行了冬季趣味运动会。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参与的人员；
2. 活动内容；
3. 运动会的意义。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Winter Fun Games
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Winter Fun Games
Last Friday, our school succeeded in holding winter fun games, in which over 200 students and teachers participated.
The participants were in high spirits and took an active part in the games, such as tug of war, fancy rope skipping, shuttlecock kicking and running with the ball. The most impressive activity, where five people paced just in one step, demonstrated strength and cooperation.
The games were highly spoken of because they helped to relieve stress and build strong team spirit.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于英语文，要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，报道上周五学校举行的冬季趣味运动会。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
展示：demonstrate→show
因为：because→as
减轻：relieve→ease
压力：stress→pressure
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The participants were in high spirits and took an active part in the games, such as tug of war, fancy rope skipping, shuttlecock kicking and running with the ball.
拓展句：The participants were in high spirits and took an active part in the games, which include tug of war, fancy rope skipping, shuttlecock kicking and running with the ball.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Last Friday, our school succeeded in holding winter fun games, in which over 200 students and teachers participated.（运用了“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]The most impressive activity, where five people paced just in one step, demonstrated strength and cooperation. （运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句）邗江一中第一学期十二月调研测试
英语试题
2023. 12
第一部分 听力 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共5 小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分)
听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which place is the man looking for
A. A drugstore. B. A bookstore. C. A bank.
2. When will the concert start
A. 6:00. B. 7:00. C. 8:00.
3. Why doesn’t the woman like the subway
A. The prices are too high. B. There are too many people. C. It doesn’t stop near her office.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Holiday plans. B. Cultural traditions. C. The size of their families.
5. What is the weather like now
A. Wet and rainy. B. Foggy and windy. C. Sunny and warm.
第二节 (共15小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟: 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍, 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。
6. What surprised the woman
A. The man did well in the interview.
B. The man will know the result very soon.
C. They won’t make a decision until next Friday.
7. How does the man sound
A. Disappointed. B. Uncertain. C. Confident.
听第7段材料, 回答第8 至10题。
8. What did the woman say about the handbag
A. It cost her fifty dollars.
B. She paid full price for it last month.
C. She left it somewhere on the fifth floor.
9. What was one of the items in the woman’s handbag
A. Her passport. B. Her car keys. C. 300 dollars cash.
10. What did the woman want to buy after she left the cafe
A. Something to eat. B. Something to read. C. Something to listen to.
听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。
11. What’s the discounted price of the blouse
A. $58. B. $54. C. $50.
12. What does the man say about the blouses on the Internet
A. They are cheaper. B. They are out of style. C. The quality is not as good.
13. Why does the man agree to sell the blouse for $47
A. He is in a hurry. B. Something is wrong with it. C. The woman is a regular customer.
听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。
14. What’s the relationship between the man and the woman
A. They are relatives. B. They are neighbors. C. They are husband and wife.
15. What can be seen at the moment in the man’s garden
A. Beans and potatoes. B. Potatoes and onions. C. Apples and tomatoes.
16. Which season is it now
A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Spring.
17. What does the man say about his wife
A. She loved to garden.
B. She made great apple pies
C. Her favorite food was green vegetables.
听第10 段材料, 回答第18 至20 题。
18. Who might the woman be
A. A TV hostess. B. A news broadcaster. C. The hostess of a cultural activity.
19. What did Daniel Robinson do at the age of 10
A. He wrote his own music. B. He started learning the piano. C. He joined the Julliard School.
20. What will Daniel Robinson do
A. Give a speech. B. Give a concert. C. Sign some books.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Outstanding kids
Gitanjali Rao, 15
“Observe, research, build and communicate.” That is what young scientist Gitanjali Rao told actor Angelina Jolie about her work using technology to deal with issues ranging from dirty drinking water to cyberbullying ( 网 络 欺 凌 ). Even over video chat, her brilliant mind shone through, along with her inspiring message to other young people: “If I can do it, you can do it too.”
Tyler Gordon, 14
Tyler Gordon has a speech disorder. “His escape was to not speak in front of people,” says Gordon’s mother, Nicole Kindle. But at 10, Gordon found his artistic voice. He won first place in an art contest. His big break came in 2018, when his portrait (画像) of NBA star Kevin Durant went viral. “Since he started painting, I can’t get the kid to be quiet,” says Kindle. Now Gordon hopes he can show other kids how to overcome their challenges with art as well.
Bellen Woodard, 10
In third grade, one of Bellen Woodard’s classmates asked her for a “skin color” crayon (蜡笔 ). Woodard, who was the only black student in her grade, says, “I told her next time I was going to ask what color she wants because it could be lots of different colors.” Then she began making a set of 12 “skin color” crayons. “I wanted to have crayons for a purpose,” she says. “My different shades (色度) of peaches and browns can hopefully match everyone.”
Ian McKenna, 16
Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that nearly a quarter of the kids at his school weren’t getting enough to eat at home. He thought, why not plant a garden at school, so that kids in need could take food home Now, seven years later, McKenna has provided more than 20,000 pounds of organic produce for many families.
1. Who uses art to overcome the fear of public speaking
A. Gitanjali Rao. B. Ian McKenna.
C. Bellen Woodard. D. Tyler Gordon.
2. What is Bellen Woodard’s purpose in making the crayons
A. To help students in real need. B. To spread a message of inclusion.
C. To encourage kids to love art. D. To inspire the young to solve problems.
3. Which of the following best describes Ian McKenna
A. Brave. B. Caring. C. Proud. D. Confident.
B
Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition (认知) What about our body Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition (EC) ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.
If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs — they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.
Understandably, theorists have been arguing for years and still disagree on whether the brain is the nerve centre that operates the rest of the body. Older Western philosophers and mainstream language researchers believe this is fact, while EC theorises that the brain and body are working together as an organic supercomputer, processing everything and forming your reactions.
Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer.
For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages.
Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions.
4. According to the author, what is the significance of EC
A. It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition.
B. It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain.
C. It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition.
D. It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology.
5. Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from
A. Their personal looks. B. Their mental needs.
C. Their inner emotions. D. Their physical feelings.
6. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 5
A. Human speech is alive with metaphors.
B. Human senses have effects on thinking.
C. Human language is shaped by visual images.
D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials.
7. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A. To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC.
B. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice.
C. To guide the reader onto the path to career success.
D. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions.
C
The first time you start to read a poem, you must relax and read through it without concentrating on its meaning. Imagine you are meeting a person for the first time. You will just observe him and listen to his voice, as well as watch his shapes or movements, but you have not yet known what he is all about. Likewise, you may enjoy the sound, rhythms, or wording, and form some first impressions about a poem.
On your second reading, you should concentrate more on the general meaning of the poem. This time, you will want to compare your feelings about the poem by now with how you felt before. Are they the same What is different and why
Your third reading will focus more on details: the words, phrases, or images. Looking up any unfamiliar words in a dictionary so that you can gain a more accurate understanding. Using the example given above about meeting someone, his image will change gradually and slightly as you meet and learn more about him. Therefore, in your additional readings, it is a good idea to compare your understanding each time with the understanding before.
A helpful approach to further understanding a poem is to summarize it in your own pare your version of understanding with those of others reading the same poem, and listen to how they form such opinions. Remember, however, that there is no exact or right meaning for a poem, as most poets have admitted they themselves are not exactly sure what they meant when writing certain lines or phrases; they have even been heard to say on occasion that sometimes words just seem to “drop from heaven” and land on the page. That is what awakening the imagination is all about. If you are lucky, and if you practice enough, magical things may happen when you write and you may be able to produce a beautiful poem or other work of art yourself.
8. Why does the author give the example of “meeting a person”
A. To arouse readers’ interest in reading poems. B. To support his argument about reading poems.
C. To advise poem readers to be relaxed. D. To make his point easier to understand.
9. What will you gain from the third reading of a poem
A. General meaning. B. Rhythm beauty.
C. Deeper meaning. D. Poetic structure.
10. What does the underlined word “ that ” refer to
A. Poets themselves don’t understand their poems.
B. Beautiful poems drop from heaven occasionally.
C. Poetic meanings are open to different explanations.
D. Writing a summary helps understand a poem.
11. What can we conclude from the last paragraph
A. Practice and patience make a man perfect.
B. Poetry is an expression of one’s will in words.
C. Inspiration and hard work help create great poems.
D. Luck marches with those who give their very best.
D
Climate change and land-use change are projected to make wildfires more frequent and intense, with a global increase of extreme fires of up to 14 per cent by 2030, 30 per cent by the end of 2050 and 50 per cent by the end of the century, according to a new report by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and GRID-Arendal.
The paper calls for a complete change in government spending on wildfires changing their investments from reaction and response to prevention and preparedness.
The report, Spreading like Wildfire: The Rising Threat of Extraordinary Landscape Fires, finds a higher risk even for the Arctic and other regions previously unaffected by wildfires. The report had been released before representatives of 193 nations held a meeting in Nairobi for the restarted 5th session of the UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-5.2), between 28 February and 2 March, 2022.
The publication calls on governments to adopt a new “Fire Ready Formula” with two-thirds of spending devoted to planning, prevention, preparedness, and recovery, with one third left for response. Currently, direct responses to wildfires typically receive over hall of related cost, while planning and prevention receive less than one per cent.
To prevent fires, authors call for a combination of data and science-based monitoring systems with native knowledge and for a stronger regional and international cooperation.
“Current government responses to wildfires are often putting money in the wrong place. Those emergency service workers and firefighters on the frontlines who are risking their lives to fight forest wildfires need to be supported. We have to reduce the risk of extreme wildfires by being better prepared: invest more in fire risk reduction, work with local communities, and strengthen global commitment to fight climate change.” said Inger Andersen, UNEP Executive Director.
Wildfires disproportionately (不成比例地) affect the world’s poorest nations. With an impact that extends for days, weeks and even years after the flames die down, they block progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Coals and deepen social inequalities.
12. What does the paper appeal to the government to do with wildfires
A. Invest more money on forecast.
B. Give advanced warning to wild animals
C. Focus on the act of stopping them from happening,
D. Plant more tress to make up for the loss of forests.
13. What’s Inger Andersen’s attitude towards the current government’s measure
A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Unfair. D. Unconcerned.
14. What is the author likely to talk about next
A. The areas hit by climate change.
B. The names of the world’s poorest nations.
C. The relationship between wildfires and health.
D. The bad effects of wildfires on different fields.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. Wildfires are spreading worldwide.
B. The UN held a meeting to discuss wildfires.
C. Governments should prepare themselves for wildfires.
D. The UNEP Executive Director released a report on wildfires.
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When we’re bored, most of us end up being glued to a phone. That might ease our boredom. ____16____ That time could’ve been spent on a different, more valuable activity. The following will help ease your boredom, and teach you to use time more productively.
Reading.
____17____ That’s because they were forced to read at school. But when you have the option to choose which book you’re going to read, you can understand why it’s enjoyable. Not only can it help ease your boredom, it’s also one of the best ways to expand your knowledge.
____18____
People often forget why they’re pursing something in the first place. Some may not even be sure what they’re supposed to be doing in their daily life. This lack of direction then often shows up as boredom. That’s why having goals is important.
Exercise
Exercise is good and should be done frequently. ____19____ Most people who exercise do it to look better in the mirror. But there’s another reason why you should exercise, it improves our brain function.
Cleaning up your room.
Take a look around right now. Chances are that the space you’re in, is far from clean. However, you have to change that, as our physical environment has a huge impact on our cognition, behavior and decision making. ____20____ But once we remove all this visual mess from our environment, we’re able to focus and process information much better.
A. Pursuing a dream.
B. Planning and goal setting.
C. But there’s an opportunity cost.
D. Most people only do reading after school.
E. But for some reason, not everyone does it.
F. When our surroundings are a mess, so are we.
G Most people don’t read anything after they’ve finished school.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、 B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Our son, Tom, was different from others, because he was born with a serious brain disease. My wife and I often comforted him as he faced many ___21___ in his early years.
It was ___22___ to see him regularly chosen last for baseball, but his most tough time came when he began high school. One afternoon, Tom returned home in ___23___ and shouted: “I’m never going to school again!” He was ___24___ with food that other kids had ___25___ him on the school bus on the way home. Tom later told us what had ___26___. A few days earlier, Tom had ___27___ up for the school running team. That day, a few older students made fun of his performance on the track. I called the headmaster about the ___28___ and it never happened again.
One day, as the other kids exercised in the gym, they ___29___ one lonely runner Tom, jogging around the snow-covered track. A few weeks later, Tom said to me, “Dad, I was ready for the worst.” He added that each month, each student ____30____ an “athlete of the month” and voted (投票) for the ____31____. Tom’s name had never been ____32____. But that day, one student said: “Sir, I would like to propose (提名) Tom for athlete of the month.” The coach looked ____33____.“He works harder than any of us, Sir,” the student continued. “But we’ll have to have someone support the proposal,” the coach replied. Tears formed in Tom’s eyes as everyone in the class put their hands up. We, also in tears, looked on as he ____34____ showed his certificate (证书).
Whenever I feel hopeless, I think of this story. I ____35____ myself that challenges are not overcome by force, but by patience, determination, and faith.
21.
A. opportunities B. inspirations C. challenges D. changes
22.
A. hopeful B. heartbreaking C. convenient D. well-meaning
23.
A. relief B. tears C. shock D. failure
24.
A. filled B. provided C. attached D. covered
25.
A. thrown at B. pushed against C. broken down D. dropped out
26.
A. viewed B. supplied C. happened D. suffered
27.
A. stayed B. signed C. pulled D. cheered
28.
A. crime B. tension C. movement D. situation
29.
A. concerned B. watched C. noticed D. ignored
30.
A. invited B. agreed C. meant D. chose
31.
A. winner B. ruler C. advisor D. fighter
32.
A. accepted B. recognized C. attended D. listed
33.
A. surprised B. awkward C. disappointed D. satisfied
34.
A. frankly B. proudly C. equally D. seriously
35
A. argued B. reflected C. reminded D. comforted
第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Speaking of Chinese martial arts, or Kung Fu, an image of the super movie star Bruce Lee, _____36_____ superb fighting skills were popular throughout the world may appear in your mind. Over the years, Africa _____37_____ (see) the making of several Bruce Lee-wannabes with WuShu, the Mandarin-language term for martial arts, which have become popular across the continent. Students of the martial arts believe that Chinese kung fu promotes _____38_____ (health) living. On the eve of the Dragon Boat Festival in 2021, _____39_____ the support of the Chinese Embassy in Kenya, a martial arts tour _____40_____ (hold) in Kiambu county in Kenya with more than 60 competitors from seven clubs _____41_____ (compete) in kickboxing, ranging in age from 4 to 20. Kung fu has become a popular sport in Kenya, _____42_____ (particular) among school-age children. Chinese martial arts teach _____43_____ excellent way of life, and the sport helps people become strong, stay in good shape and develop excellent _____44_____ (concentrate). Chinese martial arts are lifetime physical exercises and are performed with balanced movements between the legs and hands, ______45______ (make) them preferable to other exercises.
第四部分 基础知识运用 (共两节, 满分25分)
第一节单句语法填空 (根据句意或所给词填入适当形式的单词; 每题1分; 满分10分)
46. Without the sun, __________ gives us light and heat, there would be no life on the earth. (用适当的词填空)
47. Giant pandas Ya Ya and Le Le, ________pictures online have raised the public concern, will return to China after two decades in the US. （用适当的词填空）
48. Director James Cameron puts his love of the ocean into his latest film, Avatar: The Way of Water, ________Jake Sully fights against human invaders to protect his family and their newfound oceanic home. （用适当的词填空）
49. I visited the new and improved Community Sports Centre. It is not open to the public yet, but preparations ________ (make) presently for the reopening. (所给词的适当形式填空)
50. Large quantities of food _______(send) to the countries struck by the earthquake so far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
51. It _____ (assume) that some of our stress is caused by too much work. (所给词的适当形式填空)
52. I’d like to offer my sincere ____________ (congratulate) to you on your winning first place in the English speech competition.(所给词的适当形式填空)
53. We strongly recommended that attention _________(focus) on children’s physical health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
54. If I have any further news, you will be the first person________(know). （所给词的适当形式填空）
55. According to some young girls, the ______ (slim) they are, the more attractive they’ll look. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二节 根据汉语以正确形式填空 (每题1.5分; 满分15分)
56. 学生可以去后台看看节目是如何制作的。
The students were able to go ________ ________ ________ to see how programmes are made.
57. 考试让她忧心忡忡一整天, 她夜不能寐。
With the exams ________ ________ her head all day, she can’t sleep at night.
58. 我刚刚在我的申请表上贴了一张照片。
I ________ a photo ________ my application form just now.
59. 据说这部新电影是根据一本小说改编的。
This new film is said ________ ________ ________ ________ a novel.
60. 站在起跑线上, 男孩们开始伸展手臂和双腿, 为比赛做准备。
Standing on the starting line, the boys began ________ ________ their arms and legs in preparation for the match.
61. 这所大学的新校长正在努力不辜负学生们的期望。
The new university president is trying his best to ________ ________ ________ the expectations of the students.
62. 树能吸收空气中的二氧化碳并阻止全球变暖。
Tress can ________ ________ carbon dioxide in the air and prevent global warming.
63. 我今天的讲座，可能无法对所有的幕后工作者给予公正的评价。
My lecture today may not be able to ________ all the work people have done behind the scenes.
64. 如果你处理得当, 你最终可能会被选为协会主席。
You might ________ ________ ________ selected chairman of the association if you play your cards right.
65. 如果犯了错就要改正, 如果没有, 就要防范。
Correct mistakes if you have made any and ________ ________ them if you have not.
第五部分 应用文写作 (满分15分)
86. 第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，上周五你校举行了冬季趣味运动会。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 参与的人员；
2. 活动的内容；
3. 运动会意义。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Winter Fun Games
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