2023学年第一学期高一年级学业质量调研
英语试卷
考生注意：
1.考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部。全卷共12页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方粘贴条形码并填写考生号及姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions：In Section A, you will heart en short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Toys. B. Sweets. C. Storybooks. D. Oranges.
2. A. 10 dollars. B. 25 dollars. C. 30 dollars. D. 35 dollars.
3. A. Take a subway. B. Take a bus. C. Take a taxi. D. Ride a bicycle.
4. A. 8:30. B. 8:40. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.
5. A. A shop assistant. B. A policeman. C. A shoemaker. D. A waiter.
6. A. Under the table. B. On the magazine.
C. Near the glass bottle. D. On the dining table.
7. A. Interesting. B. Moving. C. Disappointing D. Scaring.
8. A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant. D. In a bookstore.
9. A. Buy a football. B. Practice football. C. Go to the library. D. Finish her work at home.
10. A. He feels a little bit ill. B. He is tired of the flight trip.
C. He will be an exchange student soon. D. He is going to check the flight number.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A second-hand bicycle. B. Food and drinks.
C. Mental treatment. D. A bike tour.
12. A. Asking local people for donations.
B. Providing more bike-riding lessons.
C Offering free road trips to newcomers.
D. Inviting newcomers to join local bike clubs.
13. A. It is a sports club. B. It is a travel agency.
C. It is a chain supermarket. D. It is a charity organization.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. For farmers to celebrate the harvest.
B. For visitors to buy various grains.
C. For officials to make money every summer.
D. For people to share ideas and present best products.
15. A. Observe the birth of a cow. B. Know about fun products.
C. Learn about unfamiliar plants. D. Enjoy interesting performances.
16. A. Because they promote state interaction.
B. Because they benefit the entertainment industry.
C. Because farmers can price their own products.
D. Because people can be reminded of the role of the earth.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
A. Light blue. B. Dark grey. C. Pure white. D. Light yellow.
18. A. To reduce costs. B. To make the most of space.
C. To suit the furniture. D. To have bigger shelves.
19. A. Wall lights. B. A big sofa.
C. A coffee machine. D. Classical paintings.
20. A. How to buy quality furniture. B. How to adjust the decoration plan.
C. How to become more fashionable. D. How to decorate an old house.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank.
Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was white and _____1_____ (speak) Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things had become complex.
My classmates included kids with pale skin and kids with brown skin. The food choices were almost as various as the students. In front of me were a variety of foods that I had difficulty _____2_____ (name) in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out _____3_____ awful, I tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a suggestion. Unfortunately, the barrier(障碍) of language stood _____4_____ us.
_____5_____ my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I ____6____ (work) in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office ____7____ (get) help. I often had to be a translator for the Italian-speaking ones.
As I served the role of a communication link, I _____8_____ (remind) of my struggle to talk before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to talk in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me ____9____ lucky I was to be able to speak two languages.
New York is a multicultural city ____10____ students like me have a chance to work with different people. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, I enjoy its diversity.
【答案】1. spoke
2. naming 3. something
4. between 5. Although##Though
6. have worked
7. getting 8. was reminded
9. how 10. where
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过三个夏天的工作，开阔了视野，接受真实世界的多样性，不再是幼儿园里那个害怕的小女孩了。
【1题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：吃这种午餐的人都是白人，而且说意大利语。根据句意和空前的was可知，句子时态用一般过去时，故本空用speak“说”的过去式。故填spoke。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：摆在我面前的是各种各样的食物，我很难用母语说出它们的名字。have difficulty (in) doing sth.“做某事有困难”，用name“叫出……的名字”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填naming。
3题详解】
考查代词。句意：我担心自己会挑出一些糟糕的东西，于是试着向我前面的男孩征求意见。结合句意可知，本空用不定代词something“某物”，作pick out 的宾语。故填something。
【4题详解】
考查介词。句意：不幸的是，语言的障碍挡在我们之间。结合句意可知，本空用介词between“介于……之间（两者）”。故填between。
【5题详解】
考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我的幼儿园经历感觉像是一个世纪以前，但我学到的教训将永远留在我的脑海里。前后句意存在转折让步关系，应用although/though“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though。
【6题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在过去的三个夏天里，我一直在纽约的一家政府机构工作。work“工作”。根据时间状语For the past three summers可知，句子时态用现在完成时。故填have worked。
【7题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：新移民涌入我们的办公室寻求帮助，就像排队买午餐的小女孩一样。本句谓语为flooded，此处用非谓语动词，get与New immigrants为主动关系，作伴随状语，用现在分词。故填getting。
【8题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：当我扮演沟通纽带的角色时，我想起了在学习英语之前我说话的挣扎。根据句意和空前的served可知，句子时态用一般过去时，且主语I 和remind“使想起”为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was reminded。
【9题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：我突然意识到，我是多么幸运，能够说两种语言。分析句子结构可知，It为形式主语，本空引导主语从句，从句缺少“多么”的含义且空后为形容词，故用how引导，how+形容词+主语+谓语。故填how。
【10题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：纽约是一个多元文化的城市，像我这样的学生有机会和不同的人一起工作。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是city，指物，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passages by-using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. typically B. limited C. markings D. items E. treated F. fenced G. fear H. packs I. gently J. present K.pair
Red foxes exist throughout much of the United States, with the exception of the southwest. In Chicago, they are not common in high numbers, but are still ____11____in certain areas of the city. Coyotes(丛林狼) usually compete with red foxes, and the large coyote population and ____12____living space in Chicago maybe related to the small number of red foxes.
Red foxes are ____13____smaller than coyotes, weighing 7-15 pounds on average and standing up to 20 inches. Easily recognizable by their striking redcoats, red foxes also have black ____14____on their feet, black-tipped ears, as well as along tail.
Generally living alone, red foxes do not form ____15____like other dog-like animals. Adults_____16_____during the breeding(繁殖) season to raise their young in hidden places, such as fallen trees, or other natural or artificial structures. As omnivores(杂食动物), red foxes eat a variety of foods including rabbits, birds, insects and fruits. Red foxes may store food in buried locations where they pile up _____17_____to eat later. Sometimes they are killed by coyotes and humans. They are also easily affected by harmful skin diseases that can lead to death if not _____18_____.
When digging homes under buildings, red foxes may come into conflict with people. Sometimes foxes may hunt outdoor cats or chickens. Keep cats indoors and get these areas _____19_____to prevent foxes entering. As with any wild animal, it is important to never feed red foxes, as this may cause them to lose their natural ______20______of humans and exhibit unusual behaviors.
【答案】11. J 12. B
13. A 14. C
15. H 16. K
17. D 18. E
19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了生活在美国的一种动物——红狐。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在芝加哥，它们的数量并不多，但在城市的某些地区仍然存在。根据上文“ they are not common in high numbers”和表转折意义的but可知，虽然数量不多，但在某些城市仍然存在，形容词present“存在”符合句意，作表语。故选J。
【12题详解】
考查形容词。句意：丛林狼通常与红狐竞争，芝加哥丛林狼数量多，并且生存空间有限，这可能与红狐数量少有关。根据上文“Coyotes (丛林狼) usually compete with red foxes”推知，丛林狼的生存空间有限，因此常与红狐竞争；形容词limited“有限的”符合句意，作定语修饰living space。故选B。
13题详解】
考查副词。句意：红狐通常比土狼小，平均重7-15磅，站立高达20英寸。红狐的脚上也有黑色的斑纹，耳朵尖是黑色的，尾巴也很长。副词typically“通常，典型地”符合句意，作状语修饰谓语动词。故选A。
【14题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。结合常识可知，红狐脚上有红色的斑纹，名词markings“斑纹”符合句意，作宾语，此处应用其复数形式。故选C。
【15题详解】
考查名词。句意：红狐通常独自生活，不像其他类犬动物那样群居。根据“Generally living alone”可知，红狐不会群居生活，名词packs“（野兽、飞禽等的）一群”符合句意，是pack的复数，作宾语。故选H。
【16题详解】
考查动词。句意：成年的红狐在繁殖季节配对，在隐蔽的地方抚养后代，如倒下的树，或其他自然或人工结构。根据“during the breeding (繁殖) season”推知，此处是指红狐在繁殖季节配对，动词pair“配对(以繁殖)”符合句意，作谓语，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故选K。
【17题详解】
考查名词。句意：红狐可能会把食物储存在埋藏的地方，在那里它们会把食物堆起来以后再吃。根据“ to eat later.”可知，此处是指藏了很多吃的东西，名词item“一系列物品”符合句意，作宾语，根据主语they可知，藏的东西不止一个，用复数形式。故选D。
【18题详解】
考查动词。句意：他们也很容易受到有害皮肤病的影响，如果不加以治疗，可能会导致死亡。根据“ affected by harmful skin diseases that can lead to death”可知，如果不治疗会导致死亡，treat“治疗”符合句意，和逻辑主语“红狐”是被动关系，因此用过去分词和if构成条件状语。故选E。
【19题详解】
考查动词。句意：把猫关在室内，把这些地方围起来，防止狐狸进入。根据“to prevent foxes entering.”可知，把这些地方围起来可以防止红狐进入。fence“(用栅栏、篱笆或围栏)围住”符合句意，和宾语areas是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作宾补。故选F。
【20题详解】
考查名词。句意：与任何野生动物一样，千万不要喂红狐，因为这可能会导致它们失去对人类的天然恐惧，并表现出不寻常的行为。根据“exhibit unusual behaviors”推知，此处是指投喂红狐会导致它们不怕人类，名词fear“恐惧”符合句意，作宾语。故选G。
Section C
Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word in the box can only be used once. There are two words more than you need.
A. selected B. revealed C. indicated D. rewarded E. chatted F. partnered
21. The magician ____________the secret of his performance to the audience.
22. The university_________ with a leading research center to develop new courses.
23. Although she was nervous, Susie _________her next words carefully and managed to finish the speech.
24. After three hours of climbing Mount Huang, they were __________with the natural scenery.
【答案】21. B 22. F
23. A 24. D
【解析】
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：魔术师向观众透露了他表演的秘密。根据句意可知本句是一般过去时，分析句子可知，空格处为句子的谓语部分，表示的意思是“揭示”，revealed符合句意。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学和一个领先的研究中心合作来开发新课程。根据句意可知本句是一般过去时，分析句子可知，空格处为句子的谓语部分，表示的意思是“合作”，partnered符合句意。故选F项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管苏茜很紧张，但她还是仔细地斟酌了下面的话，并设法完成了演讲。根据句意可知本句是一般过去时，分析句子可知，空格处为句子的谓语部分，表示的意思是“挑选”， selected符合句意。故选A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爬了三个小时的黄山后，他们欣赏到了自然风光。根据句意可知本句是一般过去时，分析句子可知，空格处为句子的谓语部分，表示的意思是“回报，奖赏”， rewarded符合句意。故选D项。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Did you ever have to say “no” to somebody Such as a classmate asking to have breakfast with you New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection shouldn’t include an —_____25_____. In other words, saying you are sorry doesn’t make the person being rejected feel any better. _____26_____, it might make the rejected person feel worse. That is _____27_____.Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they _____28_____ a request.
Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different _____29_____ of social rejection. In one instance, the researchers asked people for their _____30_____ after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor _____31_____ an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were _____32_____. People were asked how they would _____33_____ if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more _____34_____ by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.
Gili Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like that the rejection was _____35_____ — even when they felt-like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets them express their feelings of _____36_____, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person _____37_____ feel better — even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.
However, her research deals only with _____38_____ communication. A business situation might be very _____39_____. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies maybe another case.”
25.
A. excuse B. apology C. analysis D. explanation
26.
A. In fact B. In particular C. Above all D. As a result
27.
A. challenging B. alarming C. disappointing D. surprising
28.
A. cope with B. hand over C. turn down D. send back
29.
A. ideas B. examples C. functions D. rules
30.
A. comment B. advice C. reaction D. choice
31.
A. accepted B. deserved C. expected D. offered
32.
A. helpless B. sorry C. upset D. anxious
33.
A. feel B. interact C. behave D. strive
34.
A. inspired B. pleased C. embarrassed D. hurt
35.
A. flexible B. beneficial C. acceptable D. sufficient
36.
A. displeasure B. resistance C. envy D. boredness
37.
A. being turned down B. being talked with C. doing the rejection D. expressing the anger
38.
A. written B. social C. global D. mass
39.
A. different B. effective C. direct D. official
【答案】25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究，该研究表明，至少在社交方面，拒绝不应该包括道歉。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：新的研究表明，至少在社交方面，拒绝不应该包括道歉。A. excuse原谅；B. apology道歉；C. analysis分析；D. explanation解释。根据后文的“In other words, saying you are sorry doesn’t make the person being rejected feel any better.”可知，换句话说，说对不起不会让被拒绝的人感觉更好，所以拒绝不应该包括道歉，即拒绝的时候不要道歉。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，这可能会让被拒绝的人感觉更糟。A. In fact事实上；B. In particular特别是；C. Above all最重要的是；D. As a result因此。根据后文的“it might make the rejected person feel worse”可知，拒绝的时候道歉，事实上，这可能会让被拒绝的人感觉更糟。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这令人惊讶。A. challenging挑战；B. alarming引起恐慌的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据前文的“it might make the rejected person feel worse.”和后文的“Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they 4 a request.”可知，许多人认为在拒绝别人的请求时道歉是礼貌的表现，所以拒绝的时候道歉可能会让被拒绝的人感觉更糟，这种说法令人惊讶。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：许多人认为在拒绝别人的请求时道歉是礼貌的表现。A. cope with应付；B. hand over转交；C. turn down拒绝；D. send back发回。根据前文的“say they are sorry”和后文的“a request”可知，拒绝别人的请求时道歉。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的研究中，她让1000多人对社会拒绝的不同例子做出回应。A. ideas想法；B. examples实例；C. functions功能；D. rules规则。根据后文的“In one instance”可知，研究中，她让1000多人对社会拒绝的不同例子做出回应，下文具体的举例对此进行说明。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个例子中，一个名叫泰勒的人要求和一个每周五出去吃午饭的同事一起吃午饭，研究人员询问了人们的反应。A. comment评论；B. advice建议；C. reaction反应；D. choice选择。根据后文的“after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday”可知，研究人员询问对这种做法的反应。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在某些情况下，拒绝泰勒的人会道歉。A. accepted接受；B. deserved应得；C. expected预期；D. offered提供。根据前文的“the person rejecting Taylor”和后文的“an apology”可知，拒绝泰勒的人会道歉。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在其它情况下，拒绝的人并没有说对不起。A. helpless无助的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. upset沮丧的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据前文的“But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor 7 an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say”可知，有些拒绝泰勒的人会道歉，但是也有人没有说对不起。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们被问到，如果他们像泰勒一样被拒绝，他们会有什么感觉。A. feel感觉；B. interact相互作用；C. behave表现；D. strive努力。根据前文的“People were asked how they would”和后文“if they were being turned down”可知，研究人员想知道，如果被测试者像泰勒一样被拒绝，他们会有什么感觉。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大多数人说，带着道歉的拒绝比不带道歉的拒绝更伤害他们。A. inspired受到启发的；B. pleased高兴的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. hurt受伤的。根据后文的“Gili Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like that the rejection was 11 — even when they felt-like it was not okay.”可知，道歉会让人们觉得被拒绝是可以接受的——即使他们觉得这样做是不对的，故大多数人说，带着道歉的拒绝比不带道歉的拒绝更伤害他们。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：吉利·弗里德曼说，原因是道歉会让人们觉得被拒绝是可以接受的——即使他们觉得这样做是不对的。A. flexible灵活的；B. beneficial有益的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. sufficient足够的。根据后文的“even when they felt-like it was not okay”可知，本空与后文意思相反，即人们觉得被拒绝是可以接受的。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：拒绝而不道歉会让他们更容易表达自己的不快、受伤或愤怒。A. displeasure不高兴；B. resistance反对；C. envy羡慕；D. boredness无聊。根据后文的“hurt or anger more”可知，此处表达被拒绝后的负面情绪，故displeasure意思合适。故选A项。
【37题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：弗里德曼还说，道歉通常会让拒绝的人感觉更好，即使它会让被拒绝的人感觉更糟。A. being turned down被拒绝；B. being talked with被交谈；C. doing the rejection拒绝；D. expressing the anger表达愤怒。根据前文的“an apology often makes the person”和后文“even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.”可知，本空与后文做对比，即使道歉会让被拒绝的人感觉更糟，但道歉通常会让拒绝的人感觉更好。故选C项。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的研究只涉及社会沟通。A. written书面的；B. social社会的；C. global全球的；D. mass大量的。根据前文的“she asked over 1, 000 people to respond to different 5 of social rejection.”可知，她的研究只涉及社会沟通。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：商业情况可能会非常不同。A. different不同的 ；B. effective有效的；C. direct直接的；D. official官方的。根据后文的““If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies maybe another case.””可知，如果经理拒绝了面试者，或者老板必须告诉员工他或她被解雇了，那么对道歉的反应可能是另一种情况，所以商业情况中的道歉的反应可能与会社会沟通中的道歉的反应不同。故选A项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
(You may read the questions first)
Europe’s most beautiful towns Clovelly, the UK Donkeys (驴) used to be the only way to get up and down the streets of Clovelly, a pretty fishing village in Devon, southwest England. Today, villagers still haven’t managed to bring cars in because it sits at the bottom of a 400-foot cliff (悬崖) .Goods are transported by man-powered vehicles. If tourists can’t face the walk back up to the car park, they can take a ride in a special car instead. Dinkelsbühl, Germany Acute historic center, wood houses and solid towers—Dinkelsbühl has it all. It sits on the German Romantic Road, a route known for its attractive towns. Surrounded by medieval (中世纪的) walls with a huge church, it was the setting for a famous film named The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser. Giethoorn, Netherlands They call it the Dutch answer to Venice, but Giethoorn lacks one thing that the Italian city has: over tourism. As in Venice, life centers around the water. There are no cars in the downtown so the only way to get around is on foot or on the water. Take a boat tour around the houses sitting on islands. Hungry Stop at the Michelin-starred restaurant Hollands-Veneti . Anghiari, Italy On a hillside, Anghiari is a delight—a tiny walled town. It’s a crowded area with narrow and up-and-down streets, full of grand palaces which were built by the mysterious “men of arms”. Find out more about them at a museum named the Museo della Battaglia di Anghiari, which traces the history of a medieval battle that took place on the plain outside town.
40. How would tourists probably tour in Clovelly today
A. By car. B. On foot.
C. By riding a donkey. D. By taking a man-powered vehicle.
41. Which of the following are related to medieval history
A. Clovelly and Dinkelsbühl. B. Clovelly and Giethoorn.
C. Anghiari and Giethoorn. D. Dinkelsbühl and Anghiari.
42. What does the underlined phrase “men of arms” probably mean
A. artists B. soldiers C. architects D. historians
43. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Tourists can enjoy fishing in both Clovelly and Giethoom.
B. Anghiari is a small and crowded town located on a flat ground.
C A tourist can watch a film at a huge church in Dinkelsbühl.
D. Giethoorn is a better choice than Venice if tourists prefer a less crowded tour.
【答案】40. B 41. D 42. B 43. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个欧洲最漂亮的小镇。
【40题详解】
细节理解题。根据Clovelly, the UK部分中的第一段“Donkeys (驴) used to be the only way to get up and down the streets of Clovelly, a pretty fishing village in Devon, southwest England.(克洛夫利（Clovelly）是英格兰西南部德文郡的一个美丽渔村，过去，驴子是在街道上往返的唯一交通工具。)”和第二段中“Today, villagers still haven’t managed to bring cars in because it sits at the bottom of a 400-foot cliff (悬崖) . Goods are transported by man-powered vehicles.(如今，村民们仍然无法把汽车开进来，因为它坐落在 400 英尺悬崖的底部。货物由人力车辆运输。)”可知，驴子是过去的交通工具，所以现在人们不再乘坐驴子；人们无法把汽车开进去，所以人们不能乘坐汽车游览Clovelly；人力车辆是运送货物的，不是人乘坐的，该部分最后一句话中“If tourists can’t face the walk back up to the car park, they can take a ride in a special car instead.(如果游客无法步行返回停车场，也可以乘坐特殊车辆。)”表明，如今人们步行游览Clovelly这个小镇，故选B。
【41题详解】
细节理解题。根据Dinkelsbühl, Germany部分中的“Surrounded by medieval (中世纪的) walls with a huge church, it was the setting for a famous film named The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser.(周围环绕着中世纪（罗马）城墙和一座巨大的教堂，这里是著名电影《卡斯帕·豪瑟之谜》的拍摄地。)”和Anghiari, Italy部分中的“Find out more about them at a museum named the Museo della Battaglia di Anghiari, which traces the history of a medieval battle that took place on the plain outside town.(在安吉亚里巴塔利亚博物馆 (Museo della Battaglia di Anghiari) 中了解更多关于他们的信息，该博物馆追溯了发生在城外平原上的中世纪战争的历史。)”可知，Dinkelsbühl和Anghiari这两个小镇与中世纪历史有关，故选D。
【42题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“On a hillside, Anghiari is a delight—a tiny walled town. It’s a crowded area with narrow and up-and-down streets, full of grand palaces which were built by the mysterious “men of arms”.(安吉亚里 (Anghiari) 位于山坡上，是一座有围墙的小城镇，令人赏心悦目。这是一个拥挤的地区，街道狭窄且上下起伏，到处都是由神秘的“men of arms”建造的宏伟宫殿。)”和划线单词下文“Find out more about them at a museum named the Museo della Battaglia di Anghiari, which traces the history of a medieval battle that took place on the plain outside town.(在安吉亚里巴塔利亚博物馆 (Museo della Battaglia di Anghiari) 中了解更多关于他们的信息，该博物馆追溯了发生在城外平原上的中世纪战争的历史)”可知，them代指画线短语men of arms，安吉亚里巴塔利亚博物馆保存着有关发生在城外平原上的中世纪战争的历史，这些历史记载着“他们”的信息，由此可推知，“them”指的是战争的参与者，即士兵，所以说画线短语men of arms指的是士兵，故选B。
【43题详解】
推理判断题。根据Giethoorn, Netherlands部分中的“They call it the Dutch answer to Venice, but Giethoorn lacks one thing that the Italian city has: over tourism. (人们称其为荷兰版的威尼斯，但羊角村缺少意大利城市所拥有的一件事：过度旅游业。)”可知，Giethoorn小镇没有过度旅游，由此可推知，如果游客喜欢不那么拥挤的旅游，那么Giethoorn是比威尼斯更好的选择。故选D。
(B)
Clementine seemed to be missing apiece from her life’s puzzle for most of her life. Dropped off as a 3-year-old homeless dog near New Orleans, the dog stayed in the shelter for four months before being moved to Texas.
While living at an adoption center in Texas, the dog was adopted out twice to different families. Sadly, neither of those adoptions were successful. It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family.
Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighter scope with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! With the permission of the chief and other firefighters, he and a few colleagues visited the shelter. As soon as they met Clementine, they were smitten!
“They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.”
Captain Moree officially adopted Clementine, but she definitely belonged to every person in the firehouse. She loved to hug the firefighters in between calls, and she was always nearby whenever anyone was preparing food. “She rides on the truck when we go out on calls” said Captain Moree. “She not only makes the station feel more like home during our 24-hour shifts but also keeps us excited to come to the station.”
Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards!
44. Why did Clementine fail to stay in the second family
A. She liked fire. B. She was too active. C. She ate too much. D. She hated other pets.
45. What does the underlined word “smitten” probably mean
A. moved B. puzzled C. attracted D. surprised
46. What did Captain Moree expect a fire dog to do
A. Help put out fires. B. Guard the firehouse.
C. Stay excited day and night D. Reduce stress of firefighters.
47. What can be inferred about Clementine from the last two paragraphs
A. She risked her life as a fire dog.
B. She has got many important awards.
C. She did an excellent job as a fire dog.
D. She remained homeless in her whole life.
【答案】44. B 45. C 46. D 47. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Clementine从一只流浪狗成为消防英雄狗的奇妙旅程。
【44题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family.（事实证明，Clementine和小宠物相处不来，而且对于第二个家庭来说，她有太多的精力。）”可知，Clementine没能留在第二个家庭的原因是她太活跃了。故选B项。
45题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下面的一段“‘They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.’(‘他们把我们介绍给Clementine，”Moree队长回忆道。“她开始喜欢我们，我们也立刻喜欢上了她。那天晚些时候，我和我的司机Bryan Wallen决定去接她。’）”可知，Moree队长他们被Clementine吸引住了，所以才决定接受她。所以，划线单词smitten与attracted意义一致。故选C项。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighter scope with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! (与此同时，Robert Moree队长想给消防站增加一只消防犬。他刚刚读了一篇关于狗如何帮助消防员应对工作压力的研究，他渴望让这项研究在现实生活中进行试验！)”可知，Moree队长想让消防犬减轻消防员的压力。故选D项。
【47题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards!（克莱门汀从一只无家可归的狗变成了一只英雄狗，经历了如此奇妙的旅程。她在2022年ASPCA人道奖上被评为年度最佳狗!）”可以推论出，作为消防犬，Clementine一定表现出色，她才会被评为年度最佳狗。故选C项。
(C)
As an active theater-goer and play-reader, I edit this book to share my passion for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through many plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.
Each play has a theme or central idea the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types are presented here. These include comedy, satire (讽刺剧), historical and regional drama. To show the diverse nature of the short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.
Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, William Saroyan, and Maxwell Anderson have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.
To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The house lights become less bright. The curtains (幕布) are about to open, and in a few minutes, the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
48. What do we know about the author from paragraph 1
A. He has written dozens of plays. B. He is a professional stage director.
C. He has a deep love for the theater. D. He likes reading short plays to others.
49. What isn’t the author going to do in his work
A. State the plays’ central ideas. B. Select works by famous playwrights.
C. Include various types of plays. D. Offer information on the playwrights.
50. What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays
A. Control their feelings. B. Use their imagination.
C. Apply their acting skills. D. Bear their audience in mind.
51. What is this passage
A. A short story. B. An introduction to a book.
C. A play comment. D. An advertisement for a theater.
【答案】48. C 49. A 50. B 51. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。
【48题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“…and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”（也许我编辑这本书的最大理由是希望与他人分享我对戏剧的热情）可知，作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。故选C项。
【49题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright.”（我无意指出本选集中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考这些戏剧以及剧作家的作用的乐趣）可知，作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。所以作者在他的作品中不打算陈述戏剧的中心思想。故选A项。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”（为了从阅读这些戏剧中获得最大的收获，试着想象一下舞台上的戏剧，而你，不再是读者，而是在观众中）可知，作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。所以作者建议读者在阅读剧本时应使用想象力。故选B项。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“I am an active playgoer and play-reader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others”（我是一个积极的戏剧观众和戏剧读者，也许我编辑这本书的最好理由是希望与他人分享我对戏剧的热情）可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容，且结合末尾“To get the most out of the reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience.”（为了从阅读这些戏剧中获得最大的收获，试着想象一下舞台上的戏剧，而你，不再是读者，而是在观众中）可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B项。
(D)
Once you get past the fact that it has no skin, the new robot from Disney Research is an impressive success in robotics. The new robot can imitate human facial movements, specifically blinking (眨眼睛) and slight head movements. A sensor in its chest area alerts the robot when to turn and face a person in front of it, and its eye movements shift from direct eye contact to rapid eye movements. It also moves slightly up and down to imitate breathing.
While most such robots generally focus their eyes on a human face and stay there, that’s not how people interact with each other. The Disney Research team explained: Gaze (注视) has been shown to be a key social signal, shaping perceptions of interaction partners. For example, people who make more eye contact with us are perceived to be similar to us, as well as more intelligent, sincere, and trustworthy. Furthermore, gaze appears to convey complex social and emotional states.
Given the importance of gaze in social interactions as well as its ability to communicate states and shape points of view, it is obvious that gaze can function as a significant tool for an interactive robot character. Thus, the aim of the team’s work is to develop a system to imitate a human-like mutual gaze.
It’s not hard to imagine how Disney might use this technology for animatronic (电子动画的) characters at its theme parks. The company’s research team has been working on making more lifelike robots for some time; in 2018 it showed its Stickman robot that could do backflips (后空翻) in mid-air to almost the height of a human performer with arms raised over his or her head.
They’ll just need to add something that looks like skin over the eye-tracking robot’s head. In this way, it will look more like a human.
52. What is the main feature of Disney’s new robot
A. It has advanced sensors all over its body.
B. Its appearance is similar to a human being.
C. It can make some facial movements like humans.
D. Its movement is controlled by human facial movement.
53. Why does the research team intend to develop a system with a human-like gaze
A. It is expected to sell well.
B. The gaze is a popular concept.
C. This function can be designed easily.
D. The gaze is important in social communication.
54. The example of the Stickman robot is used in paragraph 4 in order to .
A. represent one of the human-like robots made by Disney
B. prove Disney has been a pioneer in robot production
C. show it has been the most high-level robot until now
D. indicate animatronic characters are losing charm today
55. According to the passage, what will Disney Research most probably do next
A. Record the gaze of the new robot.
B. Increase the sales of the new robot.
C. Improve the skills of its Stickman robot.
D. Explore new applications of its technology.
【答案】52. C 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了迪士尼发明的一款机器人。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The new robot can imitate human facial movements, specifically blinking (眨眼睛) and slight head movements.(这种新型机器人可以模仿人类的面部动作，特别是眨眼和轻微的头部动作)”可知，迪士尼新机器人的主要特点是它可以像人类一样做一些面部动作。故选C项。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Given the importance of gaze in social interactions as well as its ability to communicate states and shape points of view, it is obvious that gaze can function as a significant tool for an interactive robot character. Thus, the aim of the team’s work is to develop a system to imitate a human-like mutual gaze.(考虑到凝视在社交互动中的重要性，以及它交流状态和塑造观点的能力，很明显，凝视可以作为互动机器人角色的重要工具。因此，团队工作的目的是开发一个模仿人类相互凝视的系统)”可知，为什么研究团队打算开发一个具有类似人类凝视的系统是因为凝视在社交中很重要。故选D项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“The company’s research team has been working on making more lifelike robots for some time; in 2018 it showed its Stickman robot that could do backflips (后空翻) in mid-air to almost the height of a human performer with arms raised over his or her head.(一段时间以来，该公司的研究团队一直致力于制造更逼真的机器人；2018年，该公司展示了其Stickman机器人，该机器人可以在半空中做后空翻，几乎达到人类表演者的高度，手臂可以举过头顶)”可推知，第4段中使用了Stickman机器人的例子，以代表迪士尼制造的一种类人机器人。故选A项。
【55题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“They’ll just need to add something that looks like skin over the eye-tracking robot’s head. In this way, it will look more like a human.(他们只需要在眼动追踪机器人的头上添加一些看起来像皮肤的东西。这样，它看起来会更像一个人)”可推知，根据文章，迪士尼研究院下一步最有可能是提高Stickman机器人的技能。故选C项。
Section C
Directions：Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Taking responsibility for yourself and your actions is an important part of personal growth. It’s never too late to start practicing the positive habit of accepting responsibility for yourself. ______56______
Improve your confidence. ______57______ If you can’t think of any, ask loved ones to help. You can also write down your goals, create a plan for achieving them and learn to accept positive feedback.
Remove the excuses. To break the harmful habit of excuse-making, ensure you’re honestly acknowledging what really happened. Next time you’re faced with the negative result of a situation, ensure you say something like “Sorry, I messed it up. How can I make up for it ” ______58______
Take positive actions. If you want your family and friends to show more interest in your life, get interested in theirs. If you want a more satisfying job, figure out what you need to do to achieve it. Your actions will affect what you get out of life, so ensure you’re acting in a way you get what you want.
______59______ If you often see yourself as a powerless man, this might be because you are experiencing hardships in your own life. And this feeling will be strengthened by the way you communicate with yourself and others. So look out for passive, self-destroying thoughts like “Why is this happening to me ” and learn to take responsibility.
A. How can I be more powerful
B. Change your thought patterns.
C. Realize who you are as a person.
D. No matter how old you are, you can easily begin today.
E. Don’t worry-—your honesty will earn you respect from others.
F. Spend some time reflecting on your strengths and how to use them.
【答案】56. D 57. F 58. E 59. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何为自己和自己的行为负责。
【56题详解】
根据上文“It’s never too late to start practicing the positive habit of accepting responsibility for yourself.”（培养对自己负责的积极习惯永远不会太晚）可知，选项承接上文，对上文进行进一步的解释。故D选项“论你多大，你都可以从今天开始”切题。故选D项。
【57题详解】
根据小标题“Improve your confidence.”（提高自信）以及根据下文“If you can’t think of any, ask loved ones to help.”（如果想不出任何长处，可以向你爱的人求助）可知，提高自信的方法是花点时间反思一下自己的长处以及如何运用它们。故F选项“花点时间反思一下自己的长处以及如何运用它们”切题。故选F项。
【58题详解】
根据上文“Next time you’re faced with the negative result of a situation, ensure you say something like “Sorry, I messed it up. How can I make up for it ””（下次当你面对一种情况的负面结果时，一定要说“对不起，我搞砸了。我该怎么弥补？”）可知，选项承接上文，说明诚实带来的结果。故E选项“别担心——你的诚实会为你赢得别人的尊重”。故选E项。
【59题详解】
根据下文“If you often see yourself as a powerless man, this might be because you are experiencing hardships in your own life. And this feeling will be strengthened by the way you communicate with yourself and others. So look out for passive, self-destroying thoughts like “Why is this happening to me ” and learn to take responsibility.”（如果你经常认为自己是一个无能为力的人，这可能是因为你在自己的生活中经历了困难。这种感觉会通过你与自己和他人交流的方式得到加强。所以要注意消极的、自我毁灭的想法，比如“为什么这发生在我身上 ”并学会承担责任。）可知，本段主要讲要改变思维模式。故B选项“改变思维模式”切题，为本段的小标题。故选项B项。
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
60. 她梦想成为一名服装设计师。(dream)(汉译英)
【答案】She dreams of becoming a fashion designer.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。根据句意可知，本句描述现实状况，用一般现在时。表示“梦想做某事”为dream of doing sth，表示“成为一名服装设计师”为becoming a fashion designer，动名词作宾语。主语为she，主谓一致，句首字母大写，故翻译为She dreams of becoming a fashion designer.
61. 比起在冬季慢跑，这名精力充沛的青少年更喜欢滑雪。(prefer) (汉译英)
【答案】The energetic teenager prefers skiing to jogging in winter.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态、非谓语。表示“这名精力充沛的青少年”用The energetic teenager ，作主语；结合句意可知，本句陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，prefer doing sth. to doing sth.表示“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”，且主语为The energetic teenager，故本题谓语用prefers；表示“滑雪”用ski，位于prefers后，故本句用动名词skiing，作prefers的宾语；表示“冬季慢跑”用jog in winter，位于介词to后，故用jogging in winter。故翻译为The energetic teenager prefers skiing to jogging in winter.
62. 人们开始意识到心理健康有助于学生应对学业压力。(aware) (汉译英)
【答案】People begin to be aware that mental health helps students cope with academic pressure.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。根据句意可知，本句描述现实状况，可用一般现在时。表示“人们开始（做某事）”为people begin to do sth；表示“意识到”为be aware，构成不定式作宾语，后接that引导的从句，be aware that是固定句型；表示“心理健康有助于学生应对学业压力”为mental health helps students cope with academic pressure，其中cope可用不带to的不定式作宾补。句首字母大写，故翻译为People begin to be aware that mental health helps students cope with academic pressure.
63. 上海博物馆从世界各地收集的现代雕塑形状多样，色彩丰富，象征着不同文化的传播。(which) (汉译英)
【答案】The Shanghai Museum collects modern sculptures from around the world with diverse shapes and rich colors, which symbolizes the spread of different cultures.
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构、定语从句。根据句意可知，本句描述现实状况，用一般现在时，注意主谓一致。表示“上海博物馆从世界各地收集的现代雕塑形状多样，色彩丰富”为the Shanghai Museum collects modern sculptures from around the world with diverse shapes and rich colors，是主谓宾句型，介词短语from around the world作状语，介词短语with diverse shapes and rich colors作后置定语；用which引导非限制性定语从句，表示“象征着不同文化的传播”为which symbolizes the spread of different cultures，which指代前面主句，是单数。句首字母大写，故翻译为The Shanghai Museum collects modern sculptures from around the world with diverse shapes and rich colors, which symbolizes the spread of different cultures.
V. Guided Writing
64. Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.
假设你是学生李明，你们学校上周接待了英国中学生访问团，你作为志愿者参与了接待来访学生体验中国书法（calligraphy）的活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇日记。内容需包括：
简单记述整个过程；
简要谈谈活动后你的感受。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Last Friday left me a deep impression because our school received some British students cordially to expose them to authentic Chinese culture in the flesh. As a volunteer, it was my great honor to witness the whole process. Early in the morning, upon their arrival, we formed a line in high spirits to give them a warm welcome at the school gate. I led them directly to the calligraphy classroom, believing that calligraphy counts with no doubt in terms of Chinese culture. There one of our teachers taught them something about calligraphy. I explained in English when necessary. Attracted by the beauty of it, they couldn’t wait to give it a go. Then, they wrote the characters of Shanghai on the paper successfully. Before their leaving, we took photos together, with the characters of Shanghai in hands, to memorize the enjoyable moment. Looking back on the experience, I felt proud to be a massager of Chinese calligraphy. Actually, I am looking forward to doing more.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画作文。学校上周接待了英国中学生访问团，考生作为志愿者参与了接待来访学生体验中国书法的活动，要求考生按照图片提示写一篇日记。
【详解】1.词汇积累
热情友好地：cordially→ warmly
真正的：authentic→ true
亲自：in the flesh→ personally
荣幸：honor→ privilege
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：As a volunteer, it was my great honor to witness the whole process.
拓展句：As a volunteer, witnessing the whole process was my great honor .
【点睛】【高分句型1】As a volunteer, it was my great honor to witness the whole process.（运用了it作形式主语和不定式短语作真正的主语）
【高分句型2】I led them directly to the calligraphy classroom, believing that calligraphy counts with no doubt in terms of Chinese culture. （运用了现在分词believing作状语和that引导的宾语从句 ）2023学年第一学期高一年级学业质量调研
英语试卷
考生注意：
1.考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部。全卷共12页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前，务必在答题纸规定的地方粘贴条形码并填写考生号及姓名。
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions：In Section A, you will heart en short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Toys. B. Sweets. C. Storybooks. D. Oranges.
2. A. 10 dollars. B. 25 dollars. C. 30 dollars. D. 35 dollars.
3. A. Take a subway. B. Take a bus. C. Take a taxi. D. Ride a bicycle.
4. A. 8:30. B. 8:40. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.
5. A. A shop assistant. B. A policeman. C. A shoemaker. D. A waiter.
6. A. Under the table. B. On the magazine.
C Near the glass bottle. D. On the dining table.
7. A. Interesting. B. Moving. C. Disappointing D. Scaring.
8. A. In a bank. B. In a hotel. C. In a restaurant. D. In a bookstore.
9. A. Buy a football. B. Practice football. C. Go to the library. D. Finish her work at home.
10. A. He feels a little bit ill. B. He is tired of the flight trip.
C. He will be an exchange student soon. D. He is going to check the flight number.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. A second-hand bicycle. B. Food and drinks.
C. Mental treatment. D. A bike tour.
12. A. Asking local people for donations.
B. Providing more bike-riding lessons.
C. Offering free road trips to newcomers.
D. Inviting newcomers to join local bike clubs.
13. A. It is a sports club. B. It is a travel agency.
C. It is a chain supermarket. D. It is a charity organization.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. For farmers to celebrate the harvest.
B. For visitors to buy various grains.
C. For officials to make money every summer.
D. For people to share ideas and present best products.
15. A. Observe the birth of a cow. B. Know about fun products.
C. Learn about unfamiliar plants. D. Enjoy interesting performances.
16. A. Because they promote state interaction.
B. Because they benefit the entertainment industry.
C. Because farmers can price their own products.
D. Because people can be reminded of the role of the earth.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
A. Light blue. B. Dark grey. C. Pure white. D. Light yellow.
18. A. To reduce costs. B. To make the most of space.
C. To suit the furniture. D. To have bigger shelves.
19. A. Wall lights. B. A big sofa.
C. A coffee machine. D. Classical paintings.
20. A. How to buy quality furniture. B. How to adjust the decoration plan.
C. How to become more fashionable. D. How to decorate an old house.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits the blank.
Pasta and pizza were on everyone’s lunch menu in my native land of Italy. Everyone who had such a lunch was white and _____1_____ (speak) Italian. A few years later, as I stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in Brooklyn, I realized things had become complex.
My classmates included kids with pale skin and kids with brown skin. The food choices were almost as various as the students. In front of me were a variety of foods that I had difficulty _____2_____ (name) in my native language. Fearing that I would pick out _____3_____ awful, I tried to ask the boy ahead of me for a suggestion. Unfortunately, the barrier(障碍) of language stood _____4_____ us.
_____5_____ my kindergarten experience feels like a century ago, the lessons I learned will stick in my mind forever. For the past three summers, I ____6____ (work) in a government agency in New York. New immigrants much like the little girl in the lunch line flooded our office ____7____ (get) help. I often had to be a translator for the Italian-speaking ones.
As I served the role of a communication link, I _____8_____ (remind) of my struggle to talk before I learned English. I watched with great sympathy as elderly Italians tried to talk in Italian with people who did not speak the language. It suddenly became very clear to me ____9____ lucky I was to be able to speak two languages.
New York is a multicultural city ____10____ students like me have a chance to work with different people. Walking through the streets of Brooklyn today, I am no longer confused by this city’s sounds and smells. Instead, I enjoy its diversity.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passages by-using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. typically B. limited C. markings D. items E. treated F. fenced G. fear H. packs I. gently J. present K.pair
Red foxes exist throughout much of the United States, with the exception of the southwest. In Chicago, they are not common in high numbers, but are still ____11____in certain areas of the city. Coyotes(丛林狼) usually compete with red foxes, and the large coyote population and ____12____living space in Chicago maybe related to the small number of red foxes.
Red foxes are ____13____smaller than coyotes, weighing 7-15 pounds on average and standing up to 20 inches. Easily recognizable by their striking redcoats, red foxes also have black ____14____on their feet, black-tipped ears, as well as along tail.
Generally living alone, red foxes do not form ____15____like other dog-like animals. Adults_____16_____during the breeding(繁殖) season to raise their young in hidden places, such as fallen trees, or other natural or artificial structures. As omnivores(杂食动物), red foxes eat a variety of foods including rabbits, birds, insects and fruits. Red foxes may store food in buried locations where they pile up _____17_____to eat later. Sometimes they are killed by coyotes and humans. They are also easily affected by harmful skin diseases that can lead to death if not _____18_____.
When digging homes under buildings, red foxes may come into conflict with people. Sometimes foxes may hunt outdoor cats or chickens. Keep cats indoors and get these areas _____19_____to prevent foxes entering. As with any wild animal, it is important to never feed red foxes, as this may cause them to lose their natural ______20______of humans and exhibit unusual behaviors.
Section C
Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word in the box can only be used once. There are two words more than you need.
A. selected B. revealed C. indicated D. rewarded E. chatted F. partnered
21. The magician ____________the secret of his performance to the audience.
22. The university_________ with a leading research center to develop new courses.
23. Although she was nervous, Susie _________her next words carefully and managed to finish the speech.
24. After three hours of climbing Mount Huang, they were __________with the natural scenery.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Did you ever have to say “no” to somebody Such as a classmate asking to have breakfast with you New research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection shouldn’t include an —_____25_____. In other words, saying you are sorry doesn’t make the person being rejected feel any better. _____26_____, it might make the rejected person feel worse. That is _____27_____.Many people consider it to be good manners to say they are sorry when they _____28_____ a request.
Gili Freedman is doing some related research at Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over 1,000 people to respond to different _____29_____ of social rejection. In one instance, the researchers asked people for their _____30_____ after a person named Taylor asked to join a co-worker who went out to lunch every Friday. And Taylor was told “no”. But in some cases, the person rejecting Taylor _____31_____ an apology. In other cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they were _____32_____. People were asked how they would _____33_____ if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more _____34_____ by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology.
Gili Freedman said the reason is that apologies make people feel like that the rejection was _____35_____ — even when they felt-like it was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets them express their feelings of _____36_____, hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that an apology often makes the person _____37_____ feel better — even as it makes the person being rejected feel worse.
However, her research deals only with _____38_____ communication. A business situation might be very _____39_____. “If a manager rejects a job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being fired from a job,” Freedman said, “reactions to apologies maybe another case.”
25.
A. excuse B. apology C. analysis D. explanation
26.
A. In fact B. In particular C. Above all D. As a result
27.
A. challenging B. alarming C. disappointing D. surprising
28.
A. cope with B. hand over C. turn down D. send back
29.
A. ideas B. examples C. functions D. rules
30.
A. comment B. advice C. reaction D. choice
31.
A. accepted B. deserved C. expected D. offered
32.
A. helpless B. sorry C. upset D. anxious
33.
A. feel B. interact C. behave D. strive
34.
A. inspired B. pleased C. embarrassed D. hurt
35.
A. flexible B. beneficial C. acceptable D. sufficient
36.
A. displeasure B. resistance C. envy D. boredness
37.
A. being turned down B. being talked with C. doing the rejection D. expressing the anger
38.
A. written B. social C. global D. mass
39
A. different B. effective C. direct D. official
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
(You may read the questions first)
Europe’s most beautiful towns Clovelly, the UK Donkeys (驴) used to be the only way to get up and down the streets of Clovelly, a pretty fishing village in Devon, southwest England. Today, villagers still haven’t managed to bring cars in because it sits at the bottom of a 400-foot cliff (悬崖) .Goods are transported by man-powered vehicles. If tourists can’t face the walk back up to the car park, they can take a ride in a special car instead. Dinkelsbühl, Germany Acute historic center, wood houses and solid towers—Dinkelsbühl has it all. It sits on the German Romantic Road, a route known for its attractive towns. Surrounded by medieval (中世纪的) walls with a huge church, it was the setting for a famous film named The Enigma of Kaspar Hauser. Giethoorn, Netherlands They call it the Dutch answer to Venice, but Giethoorn lacks one thing that the Italian city has: over tourism. As in Venice, life centers around the water. There are no cars in the downtown so the only way to get around is on foot or on the water. Take a boat tour around the houses sitting on islands. Hungry Stop at the Michelin-starred restaurant Hollands-Veneti . Anghiari, Italy On a hillside, Anghiari is a delight—a tiny walled town. It’s a crowded area with narrow and up-and-down streets, full of grand palaces which were built by the mysterious “men of arms”. Find out more about them at a museum named the Museo della Battaglia di Anghiari, which traces the history of a medieval battle that took place on the plain outside town.
40. How would tourists probably tour in Clovelly today
A. By car. B. On foot.
C. By riding a donkey. D. By taking a man-powered vehicle.
41. Which of the following are related to medieval history
A. Clovelly and Dinkelsbühl. B. Clovelly and Giethoorn.
C. Anghiari and Giethoorn. D. Dinkelsbühl and Anghiari.
42 What does the underlined phrase “men of arms” probably mean
A. artists B. soldiers C. architects D. historians
43. What can be inferred from the passage
A. Tourists can enjoy fishing in both Clovelly and Giethoom.
B. Anghiari is a small and crowded town located on a flat ground.
C. A tourist can watch a film at a huge church in Dinkelsbühl.
D Giethoorn is a better choice than Venice if tourists prefer a less crowded tour.
(B)
Clementine seemed to be missing apiece from her life’s puzzle for most of her life. Dropped off as a 3-year-old homeless dog near New Orleans, the dog stayed in the shelter for four months before being moved to Texas.
While living at an adoption center in Texas, the dog was adopted out twice to different families. Sadly, neither of those adoptions were successful. It turned out Clementine didn’t get along with smaller pets, and she had too much energy for the second family.
Meanwhile, Captain Robert Moree wanted to add a fire dog to the station. He’d just read a study about how dogs help firefighter scope with the pressure of their jobs, and he was eager to give the study a real life trial run! With the permission of the chief and other firefighters, he and a few colleagues visited the shelter. As soon as they met Clementine, they were smitten!
“They introduced us to Clementine,” Captain Moree recalled. “She started to like us, and we liked her instantly. Later that day, my driver, Bryan Wallen, and I decided to get her.”
Captain Moree officially adopted Clementine, but she definitely belonged to every person in the firehouse. She loved to hug the firefighters in between calls, and she was always nearby whenever anyone was preparing food. “She rides on the truck when we go out on calls” said Captain Moree. “She not only makes the station feel more like home during our 24-hour shifts but also keeps us excited to come to the station.”
Clementine has made such an amazing journey from a homeless dog to a hero dog. She was named Dog of the Year at the 2022 ASPCA Humane Awards!
44 Why did Clementine fail to stay in the second family
A. She liked fire. B. She was too active. C. She ate too much. D. She hated other pets.
45. What does the underlined word “smitten” probably mean
A. moved B. puzzled C. attracted D. surprised
46. What did Captain Moree expect a fire dog to do
A. Help put out fires. B. Guard the firehouse.
C. Stay excited day and night D. Reduce stress of firefighters.
47. What can be inferred about Clementine from the last two paragraphs
A. She risked her life as a fire dog.
B. She has got many important awards.
C. She did an excellent job as a fire dog.
D. She remained homeless in her whole life.
(C)
As an active theater-goer and play-reader, I edit this book to share my passion for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through many plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.
Each play has a theme or central idea the playwright (剧作家) hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types are presented here. These include comedy, satire (讽刺剧), historical and regional drama. To show the diverse nature of the short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television play.
Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, William Saroyan, and Maxwell Anderson have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of this book.
To get the most out of reading these plays, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The house lights become less bright. The curtains (幕布) are about to open, and in a few minutes, the action and dialogue will tell you the story.
48. What do we know about the author from paragraph 1
A. He has written dozens of plays. B. He is a professional stage director.
C. He has a deep love for the theater. D. He likes reading short plays to others.
49. What isn’t the author going to do in his work
A. State the plays’ central ideas. B. Select works by famous playwrights.
C. Include various types of plays. D. Offer information on the playwrights.
50. What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays
A. Control their feelings. B. Use their imagination.
C. Apply their acting skills. D. Bear their audience in mind.
51. What is this passage
A. A short story. B. An introduction to a book.
C. A play comment. D. An advertisement for a theater.
(D)
Once you get past the fact that it has no skin, the new robot from Disney Research is an impressive success in robotics. The new robot can imitate human facial movements, specifically blinking (眨眼睛) and slight head movements. A sensor in its chest area alerts the robot when to turn and face a person in front of it, and its eye movements shift from direct eye contact to rapid eye movements. It also moves slightly up and down to imitate breathing.
While most such robots generally focus their eyes on a human face and stay there, that’s not how people interact with each other. The Disney Research team explained: Gaze (注视) has been shown to be a key social signal, shaping perceptions of interaction partners. For example, people who make more eye contact with us are perceived to be similar to us, as well as more intelligent, sincere, and trustworthy. Furthermore, gaze appears to convey complex social and emotional states.
Given the importance of gaze in social interactions as well as its ability to communicate states and shape points of view, it is obvious that gaze can function as a significant tool for an interactive robot character. Thus, the aim of the team’s work is to develop a system to imitate a human-like mutual gaze.
It’s not hard to imagine how Disney might use this technology for animatronic (电子动画的) characters at its theme parks. The company’s research team has been working on making more lifelike robots for some time; in 2018 it showed its Stickman robot that could do backflips (后空翻) in mid-air to almost the height of a human performer with arms raised over his or her head.
They’ll just need to add something that looks like skin over the eye-tracking robot’s head. In this way, it will look more like a human.
52. What is the main feature of Disney’s new robot
A. It has advanced sensors all over its body.
B. Its appearance is similar to a human being.
C. It can make some facial movements like humans.
D. Its movement is controlled by human facial movement.
53. Why does the research team intend to develop a system with a human-like gaze
A. It is expected to sell well.
B. The gaze is a popular concept.
C. This function can be designed easily.
D. The gaze is important in social communication.
54. The example of the Stickman robot is used in paragraph 4 in order to .
A. represent one of the human-like robots made by Disney
B. prove Disney has been a pioneer in robot production
C. show it has been the most high-level robot until now
D. indicate animatronic characters are losing charm today
55. According to the passage, what will Disney Research most probably do next
A. Record the gaze of the new robot.
B. Increase the sales of the new robot.
C. Improve the skills of its Stickman robot.
D. Explore new applications of its technology.
Section C
Directions：Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Taking responsibility for yourself and your actions is an important part of personal growth. It’s never too late to start practicing the positive habit of accepting responsibility for yourself. ______56______
Improve your confidence. ______57______ If you can’t think of any, ask loved ones to help. You can also write down your goals, create a plan for achieving them and learn to accept positive feedback.
Remove the excuses. To break the harmful habit of excuse-making, ensure you’re honestly acknowledging what really happened. Next time you’re faced with the negative result of a situation, ensure you say something like “Sorry, I messed it up. How can I make up for it ” ______58______
Take positive actions. If you want your family and friends to show more interest in your life, get interested in theirs. If you want a more satisfying job, figure out what you need to do to achieve it. Your actions will affect what you get out of life, so ensure you’re acting in a way you get what you want.
______59______ If you often see yourself as a powerless man, this might be because you are experiencing hardships in your own life. And this feeling will be strengthened by the way you communicate with yourself and others. So look out for passive, self-destroying thoughts like “Why is this happening to me ” and learn to take responsibility.
A. How can I be more powerful
B. Change your thought patterns.
C. Realize who you are as a person.
D. No matter how old you are, you can easily begin today.
E. Don’t worry-—your honesty will earn you respect from others.
F. Spend some time reflecting on your strengths and how to use them.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
60. 她梦想成为一名服装设计师。(dream)(汉译英)
61. 比起在冬季慢跑，这名精力充沛的青少年更喜欢滑雪。(prefer) (汉译英)
62. 人们开始意识到心理健康有助于学生应对学业压力。(aware) (汉译英)
63. 上海博物馆从世界各地收集的现代雕塑形状多样，色彩丰富，象征着不同文化的传播。(which) (汉译英)
V. Guided Writing
64. Direction: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instruction given below in Chinese.
假设你是学生李明，你们学校上周接待了英国中学生访问团，你作为志愿者参与了接待来访学生体验中国书法（calligraphy）的活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇日记。内容需包括：
简单记述整个过程；
简要谈谈活动后你的感受。
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