2024届高考英语听力阅读理解必考答案线索词（21-30）讲义

21.variation / ve ri'ei n/ n. 变化，变动
22.warehouse /'we ha s/ n. 货仓；仓库
munity /k 'mjun ti/ n. 社区，（生态）群落，共同体，团体
24.access /' kses/ n. 入口，通路，接触
25.accommodation / k m 'dei n/ n. 住宿， 调节，和解
26.acknowledgment / k'n lid m nt/ n. 承认，认可， 感谢，致谢
27.pattern /'p tn/ n. 模式; 图案
28.penalty /'pen lti/ n. 制裁，惩罚
29.pension /'pen n/ n. 养老金
30.personality / p s 'n l ti/ n. 人格，人性
【例句】
variation / ve ri'ei n/ (变化，变动)=change/transformation/diversification变化
The dial records very slight variations in pressure.
该刻度盘能显示很微小的压力变化。
Spatial and temporal variations in the air movement are desirable for fresh environments.
空气运动随空间和瞬时而变化是新鲜环境的要求.
warehouse /'we ha s/ (货仓；仓库)
The goods overflowed the warehouse.
货仓里装满了货物.
23 community /k 'mjun ti/ (社区，（生态）群落，共同体，团体)
n.社区；社会
There is a strong sense of community in this town.
这个镇上有一种强烈的社区意识。
n.团体；社团；界
To guide the work of social communities of printing and replication industries.
指导印刷行业和复制行业的社会团体工作.
n.（动植物的）群落
Wood populations, as major components, play an important role in forest community dynamics.
林木种群是森林群落的主要组成成分.
真题解释：
Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries.
更令人担忧的是，富裕国家人民对互联网的迷恋已经使国际社会开始担心富国和穷国之间的“数字鸿沟”。
2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文
Every college discussion about community values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and self-regulation, of the necessary tension between safety and self-discovery.
每一次关于社区价值观、社会氛围和行为的大学讨论都应该包括对学生自主和自我调节的发展重要性的认识，以及安全和自我发现之间必要的紧张关系。
2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文
Gda ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed.
Gda确保志愿者与需要我们帮助的社区成员和当地项目合作伙伴一起工作。
2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文
If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community.
如果学生依靠管理者来规范他们的社会行为和思维模式，他们就不会面临在一个更大更复杂的社区中寻找身份的挑战。
2016年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文
She encouraged a sense of community社区 by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need in 1931, addams became the first American woman to win the nobel peace prize.
她通过为有需要的人建造庇护所、促进教育和服务来鼓励社区意识。1931年，亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
2016年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读A 原文
She grew up in one of jamaica's toughest inner-city communities known as Water-house, where she lived in a one-room apartment, sleeping four in a bed with her mother and two brothers.
她在牙买加最艰苦的内城社区沃特豪斯(Water-house)长大，在那里她住在一间一居室的公寓里，与母亲和两个兄弟睡在一张床上。
2016年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文
She had requested the community to tum it into a museum upon her death.
她曾要求社区在她死后将其改建为博物馆。
2018年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读B 原文
She plans to start a foundation for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.
她计划为无家可归的儿童成立一个基金会，并希望在沃特豪斯建立一个社区中心。
2016年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文
24 access /' kses/ (入口，通路，接触)
n.（使用或见到的）机会，权利
Students must have access to good resources.
学生必须有机会使用好的资源。
v.到达；进入；使用
The facilities have been adapted to give access to wheelchair users.
这些设施已经改造过以方便轮椅使用者进入。
n.通道；通路；入径
The difference is in floor, amenities, access to club lounge and, of course, the price.
所不同的是在地板 、 设施和俱乐部休息室的入口, 当然还有价格.
v.访问，存取（计算机文件）
There are concerns that government, employers, and marketers might be able to access these data, thereby violating our privacy.
也有人担忧政府、雇主和营销人员有可能获取这些数据，从而侵犯我们的隐私。
真题解释：
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community's access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.
根据你选择的角色，你可以帮助增加一个社区获得安全饮用水的机会，或者帮助保护有价值的当地文化。
2019年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文
Designers have also created informal gathering places, and upgraded employees' access to heavily trafficked areas such as copy and coffee rooms.
设计师们还创造了非正式的聚会场所，并升级了员工进入人流量很大的区域的通道，比如复印室和咖啡室。
2015年高考英语上海卷 选词填空 原文
Instead, computer users are developing stronger transactive memories; that is, people are learning how to organize huge quantities of information so that they are able to access it at a later date.
相反，计算机用户正在发展更强的交互式记忆;也就是说，人们正在学习如何组织大量的信息，以便他们能够在以后访问它。
2015年高考英语安徽卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文
25 accommodation / k m 'dei n/ (住宿， 调节，和解)
n.住宿；膳宿
The government will provide temporary accommodation for up to three thousand people...
政府将给多达3,000人提供临时住处。
n.和解；调解；调和
His instinct would be to seek a new accommodation with the nationalists...
他本能的反应会是寻求与民族主义者取得新的和解。
真题解释：
If you're lucky enough to land such an accommodation, though, be sure you're 100 percent on time.如果你足够幸运地找到了这样的住宿，但要确保你100%准时。
2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 主旨概括 原文
They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort.
他们一到机场就被接走，带到舒适的住处。
2016年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文
acknowledgment / k'n lid m nt/ (承认，认可， 感谢，致谢)
I was sent a free copy in acknowledgement of my contribution.
我收到一本赠刊，表示对我投稿的谢意。
This report is an acknowledgement of the size of the problem.
这个报告承认了问题的严重性。
pattern /'p tn/ (模式; 图案)
n.模式；方式
Adult behaviour is often patterned by childhood experiences.
成年人的行为模式往往是童年经历造成的。
n.图案；花样；式样
Fracture surfaces show predominant cleavage river pattern with a small quantity of dimples in the core.
硅钢断口边缘呈现解理断裂的“河流花样”,心部存在少量的韧窝.
n.范例；典范；榜样；样板
He argued that Shakespeare's plays were patterns of imagery.
他认为莎士比亚的剧本是形象塑造的典范.
n.模型；底样；纸样
Her coat is patterned on the newest fashion.
她的外衣是模仿最新流行的款式制成的.
penalty /'pen lti/ (制裁，惩罚)
Contractors who fall behind schedule incur heavy financial penalties.
承包商如延误工期将被处以巨额罚款。
You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty .
您可以随时从账户中提款，不收罚金。
punishment, penalty
这两个名词均含"惩罚，处罚"之意。
punishment： 泛指各种惩罚，诸如法律、父母、老师以及神的惩罚等。
penalty： 一般指法律上的惩罚或体育运动比赛中的处罚。
pension /'pen n/ (养老金)
n.养老金；退休金；抚恤金
He was pensioned off and his job given to a younger man.
他被迫退休，工作交给了一个年轻一些的人。
At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.
2015年高考英语天津卷 阅读表达 原文
personality / p s 'n l ti/ (人格，人性)
n.性格；个性；人格
Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
拥有这些人格特征意味着处于愤怒前状态，在这种状态下，愤怒是你思想的背景。
2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文
It will help you pass time and develop your personality.
它会帮助你打发时间，发展你的个性。
2016年高考英语浙江卷（10月） 阅读理解 七选五 选项
People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry.
那些具有竞争精神和较低的烦躁容忍度的人更容易生气。
2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文
The main reasons we get angry are triggering events, personality traits, and our assessment of situations.
我们生气的主要原因是触发事件、性格特征和我们对情况的评估。
2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 七选五 原文
The pompidou centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.
巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心举办了一场展览，展出了200多幅油画、雕塑、素描等作品，表达了对这位艺术家及其强大个性的尊重和钦佩。
2015年高考英语全国卷1 阅读理解 阅读C 原文
【语境小短文】
In the diverse community of Riverdale, the variation in cultural backgrounds brought a rich mixture of traditions and celebrations. The town council, in an effort to provide better access to community facilities, renovated an old warehouse into a multi-purpose community center. This center not only offered accommodation for various events but also became a hub for acknowledging the town's history and culture, an acknowledgment to the town's diverse roots.
Patterns of social interaction evolved, reflecting the unique personality of each resident. However, this transformation was not without challenges. The council had to impose a penalty for vandalism to ensure the safety and upkeep of the new facility. On a brighter note, the town's elderly appreciated the new pension plan introduced by the council, providing them with financial stability in their retirement years.
在Riverdale这个多元化的社区里，文化背景的差异带来了丰富的传统和庆祝活动。镇议会为了提供更好的社区设施，将一个旧仓库改造成了一个多功能社区中心。这个中心不仅为各种活动提供住宿，而且成为了一个认识城镇历史和文化的中心，是对城镇多样化根源的认可。
社会互动模式的演变，反映了每个居民的独特个性。然而，这种转变并非没有挑战。为了确保新设施的安全和维护，委员会不得不对破坏公物的行为进行处罚。令人欣慰的是，该镇的老年人对议会推出的新养老金计划表示赞赏，该计划为他们退休后提供了稳定的财务保障。