寒假轻松衔接人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 Looking into the Future复习巩固（含答案）
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复习巩固：（2）Unit 2 Looking into the Future——2023-2024学年高二英语人教版（2019）寒假轻松衔接
一、单词填空
用适当的词填空。
1.Your problem lies in lacking________(efficiency)methods.
2.John seemed as horrified as I about his potential ________violence.
3.If you fail to check out in this manner, the staff will hold an inspection____________ your absence and assess whether any payment is required.
4.Historical _____(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
5.It was a very effective way for them to keep track _____ their spending.
6.He left the party early _____ because he had some important things to deal with.
7.Scientists need to do so many preparations _____(predict) when and where the earthquake will happen.
8.His treatment was a _____(combine) of surgery, radiation and drugs.
9.With the business environment _____(constant) improving, many companies can achieve good economic benefits.
10.The reason for her _____(prefer) for city life is that it’s convenient for her to go shopping.
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B. Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D. Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
2.What does "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
3.What function is expected of the rail drones
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college was the people I met. They all assured me that I would 1 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile and agree. Frankly, before I 2 college, I really didn't care.
I lived in the 3 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn't really try to get to know them.
I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 4 . I would always forget names after I met people. When we 5 again and they called out my name, I would reply with a(n) 6 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went on for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 7 . A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates and I started becoming fairly 8 . We began going to the cafeteria together, 9 together, and meeting in the library to study.
One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate's practice with one of our college choirs. They drove me to the campus where my roommate was to 10 .
It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 11 when we entered the recital hall. The 120-member choir began to sing Happy Birthday to me. 12 at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and a cake.
I was completely shocked, and I felt 13 to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 14 the piece of paper you receive in the end—it's 15 on both life and people.
1.A. form B. follow C. approach D. introduce
2.A. left out B. left behind C. left for D. left aside
3.A. dorm B. hotel C. inn D. canteen
4.A. deliberately B. easily C. greedily D. merely
5.A. attended B. emerged C. met D. proposed
6.A. splendid B. unique C. embarrassed D. upset
7.A. turn B. worsen C. arise D. change
8.A. intangible B. aggressive C. tiresome D. close
9.A. exercising B. dropping C. rising D. kicking
10.A. preserve B. perform C. settle D. serve
11.A. surprise B. dislike C. disappointment D. bonus
12.A. Away B. Down C. Back D. Out
13.A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud
14.A. more than B. rather than C. less than D. other than
15.A. culture B. tradition C. custom D. education
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：efficient
解析：考查形容词。句意：你的问题在于缺乏有效率的方法。根据句子分析可知，此处修饰名词methods，应用形容词，故填efficient.
2.答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：约翰似乎和我一样，对他潜在的暴力行为感到恐惧。根据句意可知，对于他潜在的暴力，约翰和我都感到恐惧。for“对于”，符合语境。故填for。
3.答案：in/during
解析：考查介词短语。句意：如果你没有以这种方式退房，工作人员将在你不在时进行检查，并评估是否需要赔偿。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查介词短语in/during one's absence,表示“在某人不在的时候”。故填in/during。
4.答案：accuracy
解析：句意: 历史的准确性很重要, 但是娱乐性也很重要。根据空白处之前的形容词historical及后面的谓语动词is可知, 此处应填名词accuracy作句子的主语。
5.答案：of
解析：考查介词。句意:对他们来说,这是了解他们开销的一种非常有效的方法。keep track of意为“了解……的动态”。故填of。
6.答案：on
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:他很早就离开了聚会,因为他有一些重要的事情要处理。early on意为“早先;在初期”。故填on。
7.答案：to predict
解析：考查动词不定式。句意:为了预测地震将会在何时何地发生,科学家们需要做很多准备工作。结合句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to predict。
8.答案：combination
解析：考查名词。根据a和of可知此处应用名词,故填combination。句意:对他的治疗是把手术、放射疗法和药物治疗结合为一体。
9.答案：constantly
解析：考查副词。设空处修饰其后的现在分词improving,应用副词作状语,故填constantly。句意:随着商业环境的不断改善,很多公司能够获得良好的经济效益。
10.答案：preference
解析：句意为：她偏爱城市生活的原因是购物对她来说很方便。设空处前有代词her修饰，作介词for的宾语，应用名词。故填preference。
二、
1.答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。题干问什么使无人机在铁路线路中的应用成为可能。根据文章第二段中的"Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure"可知, 无人机现在已经用来检测高压电力线路, 它们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路以及铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。故A项正确。
2.答案：C
解析：理解词汇。题干问"maintenance"是什么意思。根据画线词出现的语境"节省_____费用"以及该词在下文中的语境, 即第三段第二句"It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure"(据计算, 单是欧洲铁路一年就要在维护上面花费约200亿欧元, 其中包括常常在夜里派遣维护员工去检查和修复铁路基础设施)可知, 铁路"maintenance"包括检查和修复铁路基础设施。故C项正确。
3.答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。题干问的是期待铁路无人机有什么样的功能。根据文章最后一段最后一句"With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time"(因为能提前看到, 无人机可以感知到任何问题, 这样快速前进的列车就可以及时作出反应)可知, 期待铁路无人机具有的功能是提前发现问题, 并给列车发出警告。故A项正确。
4.答案：D
解析：理解文章主旨要义。题干问的是本文最佳标题是什么。第一段是导入, 综述无人机在铁路运营方面的应用前景; 第二段主要讲述无人机在铁路运营中的部分功能和作用; 第三段主要讲了无人机在降低铁路维护成本和维护铁路职员人身安全方面的作用; 第四段讲无人机还能为铁路运营做的事情。由此可知本篇文章主要讲的是无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。故D项正确。
三、
1.答案：A
解析：根据下文“never been able to make friends”可知此处指建立友谊。故选A。form建立;follow跟随;approach 接近;introduce介绍。
2.答案：C
解析：后文讲述作者与大学室友建立了友谊。据此可推知作者离家去上大学前并不在意。故选C。leave out遗漏;leave behind丢下;leave for动身去;leave aside搁置。
3.答案：A
解析：根据下文“where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms”和常识可知选A。dorm宿舍;hotel旅馆;inn小旅馆;canteen食堂。
4.答案：B
解析：根据上文“I have always been rather quiet”和常识可知选 B。deliberately故意地;easily容易地;greedily贪婪地;merely仅仅。
5.答案：C
解析：根据上文“I met people”及下文“again”可知此处指“再次遇见”,故选C。attend参加;emerge出现;meet 遇见;propose提议。
6.答案：C
解析：根据上文“I would always forget names after I met people.”可知,作者并不记得他们的名字,因此只能尴尬地挥手。故选C。splendid壮丽的;unique独特的;embarrassed尴尬的;upset沮丧的。
7.答案：D
解析：根据下文“A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking.”可知,事情开始改变。故选D。turn转动;worsen恶化;arise产生;change改变。
8.答案：D
解析：根据下文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知,作者和室友变得相当亲密。故选D。intangible无形的;aggressive侵略的;tiresome烦人的;close亲密的。
9.答案：A
解析：根据上文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知,作者开始与室友一起进行日常生活中的活动。故选A。exercise锻炼;drop落下;rise上升;kick踢。
10.答案：B
解析：根据上文“One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate's practice with one of our college choirs.”可知,室友要演出。故选B。preserve保存;perform表演;settle定居;serve服务。
11.答案：A
解析：根据上文“It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it.”可知,作者此时很惊讶。故选A。surprise惊讶;dislike不喜欢;disappointment失望;bonus奖金。
12.答案：C
解析：根据上文“They drove me to the campus”可知,作者与室友离开了宿舍。又根据下文“at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me”可知,他们又返回了宿舍。故选C。away离开;down向下;back回原处;out在外面。
13.答案：D
解析：根据下文“to be able to call them friends”和常识可知选D。aware意识到的;afraid害怕的;sure确信的;proud自豪的。
14.答案：A
解析：根据下文“the piece of paper you receive in the end—it's 15 on both life and people”可知,大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸—更是对生活和人的教育。故选A。more than不仅仅;rather than而不是;less than少于;other than除了。
15.答案：D
解析：根据常识可知,上大学要接受诸多方面的教育。故选D。culture文化;tradition传统;custom习俗;education教育。
一、单词填空
用适当的词填空。
1.Your problem lies in lacking________(efficiency)methods.
2.John seemed as horrified as I about his potential ________violence.
3.If you fail to check out in this manner, the staff will hold an inspection____________ your absence and assess whether any payment is required.
4.Historical _____(accurate) is important but so is entertainment.
5.It was a very effective way for them to keep track _____ their spending.
6.He left the party early _____ because he had some important things to deal with.
7.Scientists need to do so many preparations _____(predict) when and where the earthquake will happen.
8.His treatment was a _____(combine) of surgery, radiation and drugs.
9.With the business environment _____(constant) improving, many companies can achieve good economic benefits.
10.The reason for her _____(prefer) for city life is that it’s convenient for her to go shopping.
二、阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
1.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B. Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D. Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
2.What does "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
3.What function is expected of the rail drones
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college was the people I met. They all assured me that I would 1 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile and agree. Frankly, before I 2 college, I really didn't care.
I lived in the 3 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didn't really try to get to know them.
I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 4 . I would always forget names after I met people. When we 5 again and they called out my name, I would reply with a(n) 6 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went on for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 7 . A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates and I started becoming fairly 8 . We began going to the cafeteria together, 9 together, and meeting in the library to study.
One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate's practice with one of our college choirs. They drove me to the campus where my roommate was to 10 .
It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 11 when we entered the recital hall. The 120-member choir began to sing Happy Birthday to me. 12 at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and a cake.
I was completely shocked, and I felt 13 to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 14 the piece of paper you receive in the end—it's 15 on both life and people.
1.A. form B. follow C. approach D. introduce
2.A. left out B. left behind C. left for D. left aside
3.A. dorm B. hotel C. inn D. canteen
4.A. deliberately B. easily C. greedily D. merely
5.A. attended B. emerged C. met D. proposed
6.A. splendid B. unique C. embarrassed D. upset
7.A. turn B. worsen C. arise D. change
8.A. intangible B. aggressive C. tiresome D. close
9.A. exercising B. dropping C. rising D. kicking
10.A. preserve B. perform C. settle D. serve
11.A. surprise B. dislike C. disappointment D. bonus
12.A. Away B. Down C. Back D. Out
13.A. aware B. afraid C. sure D. proud
14.A. more than B. rather than C. less than D. other than
15.A. culture B. tradition C. custom D. education
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：efficient
解析：考查形容词。句意：你的问题在于缺乏有效率的方法。根据句子分析可知，此处修饰名词methods，应用形容词，故填efficient.
2.答案：for
解析：考查介词。句意：约翰似乎和我一样，对他潜在的暴力行为感到恐惧。根据句意可知，对于他潜在的暴力，约翰和我都感到恐惧。for“对于”，符合语境。故填for。
3.答案：in/during
解析：考查介词短语。句意：如果你没有以这种方式退房，工作人员将在你不在时进行检查，并评估是否需要赔偿。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查介词短语in/during one's absence,表示“在某人不在的时候”。故填in/during。
4.答案：accuracy
解析：句意: 历史的准确性很重要, 但是娱乐性也很重要。根据空白处之前的形容词historical及后面的谓语动词is可知, 此处应填名词accuracy作句子的主语。
5.答案：of
解析：考查介词。句意:对他们来说,这是了解他们开销的一种非常有效的方法。keep track of意为“了解……的动态”。故填of。
6.答案：on
解析：考查固定搭配。句意:他很早就离开了聚会,因为他有一些重要的事情要处理。early on意为“早先;在初期”。故填on。
7.答案：to predict
解析：考查动词不定式。句意:为了预测地震将会在何时何地发生,科学家们需要做很多准备工作。结合句意可知,此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to predict。
8.答案：combination
解析：考查名词。根据a和of可知此处应用名词,故填combination。句意:对他的治疗是把手术、放射疗法和药物治疗结合为一体。
9.答案：constantly
解析：考查副词。设空处修饰其后的现在分词improving,应用副词作状语,故填constantly。句意:随着商业环境的不断改善,很多公司能够获得良好的经济效益。
10.答案：preference
解析：句意为：她偏爱城市生活的原因是购物对她来说很方便。设空处前有代词her修饰，作介词for的宾语，应用名词。故填preference。
二、
1.答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。题干问什么使无人机在铁路线路中的应用成为可能。根据文章第二段中的"Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure"可知, 无人机现在已经用来检测高压电力线路, 它们可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路以及铁路基础设施的其他重要方面。故A项正确。
2.答案：C
解析：理解词汇。题干问"maintenance"是什么意思。根据画线词出现的语境"节省_____费用"以及该词在下文中的语境, 即第三段第二句"It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure"(据计算, 单是欧洲铁路一年就要在维护上面花费约200亿欧元, 其中包括常常在夜里派遣维护员工去检查和修复铁路基础设施)可知, 铁路"maintenance"包括检查和修复铁路基础设施。故C项正确。
3.答案：A
解析：理解具体信息。题干问的是期待铁路无人机有什么样的功能。根据文章最后一段最后一句"With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time"(因为能提前看到, 无人机可以感知到任何问题, 这样快速前进的列车就可以及时作出反应)可知, 期待铁路无人机具有的功能是提前发现问题, 并给列车发出警告。故A项正确。
4.答案：D
解析：理解文章主旨要义。题干问的是本文最佳标题是什么。第一段是导入, 综述无人机在铁路运营方面的应用前景; 第二段主要讲述无人机在铁路运营中的部分功能和作用; 第三段主要讲了无人机在降低铁路维护成本和维护铁路职员人身安全方面的作用; 第四段讲无人机还能为铁路运营做的事情。由此可知本篇文章主要讲的是无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。故D项正确。
三、
1.答案：A
解析：根据下文“never been able to make friends”可知此处指建立友谊。故选A。form建立;follow跟随;approach 接近;introduce介绍。
2.答案：C
解析：后文讲述作者与大学室友建立了友谊。据此可推知作者离家去上大学前并不在意。故选C。leave out遗漏;leave behind丢下;leave for动身去;leave aside搁置。
3.答案：A
解析：根据下文“where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms”和常识可知选A。dorm宿舍;hotel旅馆;inn小旅馆;canteen食堂。
4.答案：B
解析：根据上文“I have always been rather quiet”和常识可知选 B。deliberately故意地;easily容易地;greedily贪婪地;merely仅仅。
5.答案：C
解析：根据上文“I met people”及下文“again”可知此处指“再次遇见”,故选C。attend参加;emerge出现;meet 遇见;propose提议。
6.答案：C
解析：根据上文“I would always forget names after I met people.”可知,作者并不记得他们的名字,因此只能尴尬地挥手。故选C。splendid壮丽的;unique独特的;embarrassed尴尬的;upset沮丧的。
7.答案：D
解析：根据下文“A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking.”可知,事情开始改变。故选D。turn转动;worsen恶化;arise产生;change改变。
8.答案：D
解析：根据下文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知,作者和室友变得相当亲密。故选D。intangible无形的;aggressive侵略的;tiresome烦人的;close亲密的。
9.答案：A
解析：根据上文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知,作者开始与室友一起进行日常生活中的活动。故选A。exercise锻炼;drop落下;rise上升;kick踢。
10.答案：B
解析：根据上文“One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommate's practice with one of our college choirs.”可知,室友要演出。故选B。preserve保存;perform表演;settle定居;serve服务。
11.答案：A
解析：根据上文“It was accidental that that day was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it.”可知,作者此时很惊讶。故选A。surprise惊讶;dislike不喜欢;disappointment失望;bonus奖金。
12.答案：C
解析：根据上文“They drove me to the campus”可知,作者与室友离开了宿舍。又根据下文“at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me”可知,他们又返回了宿舍。故选C。away离开;down向下;back回原处;out在外面。
13.答案：D
解析：根据下文“to be able to call them friends”和常识可知选D。aware意识到的;afraid害怕的;sure确信的;proud自豪的。
14.答案：A
解析：根据下文“the piece of paper you receive in the end—it's 15 on both life and people”可知,大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸—更是对生活和人的教育。故选A。more than不仅仅;rather than而不是;less than少于;other than除了。
15.答案：D
解析：根据常识可知,上大学要接受诸多方面的教育。故选D。culture文化;tradition传统;custom习俗;education教育。