寒假轻松衔接外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 1 Food for thought 复习巩固（含答案）
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| 名称 | 寒假轻松衔接外研版（2019）必修第二册Unit 1 Food for thought 复习巩固（含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-01-19 10:30:57 | ||
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复习巩固：（7）Unit 1 Food for thought——2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）寒假轻松衔接
一、填空题
1.Some plants are _____(poison) and should be handled with care.
2.The old man is said to have gone through a variety of _____(suffer) during the war.
3.An amusement park is the perfect locale for youngsters to have all ________(sort) of adventures.
4.While climbing the mountain, Robert _____(bite) on the arm by an unknown insect.
5.In a new interview, she said she ________(original) turned down the job as a secretary.
6.Despite the impact of the pandemic, Qingdao still witnessed ________(satisfy) growth in trade.
7.Each of Germany's 16 states has its own _______ (slight) different school systems.
8.According to a recent study, when a tree _______ (attack) by insects, it sends signals to warn its neighbours of the danger.
9.An athlete addicted to _______(climb) rocks built a climbing wall in his living room when he was forced to remain indoors by a COVID-19 lockdown.
10._____(original), tomatoes were planted in South America and in the 16th century, they spread to other parts of the world.
二、阅读理解
Over the years, Brian Wansink, director of the Food and Brand Lab at Cornell University, has studied such things as how far Americans typically drive to buy food, how many times we refill our plates at all-you-can-eat buffets and how we organize our kitchens. In the mid-2000s he famously coined the phrase mindless eating" (and wrote a book by that name) to focus attention on all the bad dietary decisions we make without really thinking about them.
His new book, Slim by Design: Mindless Eating Solutions for Everyday Life, aims to change the design of restaurants, school lunchrooms, office cafeterias and homes so that the mindless choices we make will be more healthful ones. Here are some examples.
Keep kitchen counters clear. No visible snack food, no bread, no nuts—not even breakfast cereals. In Wansink's research, "women who had even one box of breakfast cereal that was visible—anywhere in their kitchens—weighed 21 pounds more than their neighbors who didn't".
Trick yourself into drinking less wine. "We tend to focus on the height of what we pour but not the width, so we pour 12 percent less wine into taller wine glasses than we pour into wider wine glasses." And the shape of the glass is not the only variable(变量) that affects how much we drink. Wansink writes, "Because red wine is easier to see than white wine, we pour 9 percent less whenever we pour a glass of red wine."
Wansink said his researchers also found that people ate less at restaurants when sitting in well-lighted areas near windows and doors, than in darker areas or in the back. They ate less if they were offered a doggie bag, or a to-go box, before they got their meals: apparently the idea of getting a "free" second meal outweighed the impulse(冲动) to clean their plates. Workers who frequently ate at their desks weighed 15.4 pounds less, on average, than those who didn't. Fruit and vegetables kept on the top shelf of the refrigerator were eaten at higher rates than those on lower shelves.
The point, Wansink says, is to consider findings like those and change your environment or habits. Then you won't have to think about it: you'll just eat less.
11.Why did Brian Wansink write Slim by Design: Mindless Eating Solutions for Everyday Life
A.Because he wanted people to become thin.
B.Because he wanted people to learn from him.
C.Because he hoped to coin a new phrase "mindless eating".
D.Because he wished to change the design of dining places.
12.According to Wansink, which of the following affects the amount of wine we drink
A.The shape of wine glasses. B.The color of wine glasses.
C.The taste of wine. D.The quality of wine.
13.What does the underlined phrase "a doggie bag" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.A bag for carrying things. B.A box for takeaway food.
C.A bag for carrying dog food. D.A container for leftovers.
14.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Changing the environment or eating habits will help you eat less.
B.Eating fruit and vegetables is better for your health.
C.Keeping your kitchen counter clear of any food will help make you thin.
D.Many people eat or drink too much without paying attention to it.
三、七选五
Food is so much a part of daily life that people often take eating for granted. ①_____ Now it is a good time for you to think carefully about this question: What kinds of needs does food meet
②_____ Food supplies the energy needed for day-to-day activities. Eating the right food each day helps your body perform important functions.
Physical needs are not the only ones people satisfy by eating every day. People often eat even when they are not hungry. Some people eat to comfort themselves whenever they are upset or nervous. ③_____
Food serves social needs as well as physical and emotional ones. People often combine eating with the company of friends and family because both experiences are pleasurable. In some families, mealtimes are the only time of a day when the whole family can be together. ④_____ Many social occasions are associated with specific foods—birthday cakes, Thanksgiving turkeys, or the Fourth of July cookouts. ⑤_____
A. Food also plays an important role in keeping social traditions.
B. Food has many purposes.
C. They are not even aware of their own eating habits.
D. These traditions provide links between food and social activities.
E. Like other living things, people need energy to live.
F. No matter how old you are, a strong body can protect you from diseases.
G. Others eat to remove boredom.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：poisonous
解析：考查形容词。句意:有些植物有毒,应该小心对待。根据are及句意可知此处应用形容词作are的表语,表示"有毒的"。故填poisonous。
2.答案：sufferings
解析：考查名词及其复数。句意:据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种各样的苦难。由a variety of可以判断此处应用名词的复数形式。suffer的名词形式是suffering,意为"苦难"。故填sufferings。
3.答案：sorts
解析：考查名词复数。句意:游乐场是年轻人寻求各种冒险的绝佳场所。根据空前的all可知空格处应用名词复数。all sorts of意为"各种各样的"。故填sorts。
4.答案：was bitten
解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:在爬山时,罗伯特的手臂被一种不知名的昆虫咬伤了。此处表示过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;根据句意可知此处表示罗伯特被咬伤,则Robert与bite之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是第三人称单数形式。故填was bitten。
5.答案：originally
解析：考查副词。句意:在一个新的采访中,她说她本来是拒绝了秘书的工作的。本空修饰动词短语turned down,应用副词形式。故填originally。
6.答案：satisfying
解析：考查形容词。句意:尽管受到疫情的影响,青岛的贸易仍有令人满意的增长。修饰名词应用形容词,故填satisfying,意为"令人满意的"。故填satisfying。
7.答案：slightly
解析： 考查副词。句意：德国16个州中的每个州都有自己稍有不同的学校制度。本空修饰形容词different，故应用副词slightly，意为"略微，稍微"。故填slightly。
8.答案：is attacked
解析：考查时态及语态。句意：根据最近的一项研究，当一棵树受到昆虫攻击时，它会发出信号，警告它的邻居有危险。根据语境可知，本句表示的是"客观事实"，故应用一般现在时；且tree和动词attack之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is attacked。
9.答案：climbing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:一名酷爱攀岩的运动员在因新冠肺炎封锁而被迫待在室内时,他在自己的起居室里筑起了一面攀岩墙。句中addicted to _______ rocks是后置定语,相当于定语从句who was addicted to _______ rocks, be addicted to意为"对……上瘾,沉迷于……",其中to为介词,故本空应用动名词形式。故填climbing。
10.答案：Originally
解析：考查副词。句意:西红柿最初在南美洲种植,在16世纪传播到世界其他地方。分析句子结构可知,此处作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。故填Originally。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"His new book...aims to change the design of restaurants, school lunchrooms, office cafeterias and homes so that the mindless choices we make will be more healthful ones."可知,布莱恩·汪辛克的新书力求改变餐馆、学校餐厅、办公室自助餐厅以及家里的设计,以便让我们无意识的选择变得更加健康。由此可知布莱恩·汪辛克写这本书是因为他希望改变用餐场所的设计。故选D。
12.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的"We tend to focus on the height of what we pour but not the width"及第三句"And the shape of the glass...that affects how much we drink."可知,布莱恩·汪辛克认为,酒杯的形状影响我们的饮酒量。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据本段中的"They ate less if they were offered a doggie bag, or a to-go box, before they got their meals"及"apparently the idea of getting a ‘free’ second meal outweighed the impulse(冲动) to clean their plates"可知,当在饭前给人们提供打包袋时,人们会吃得更少,"得到了免费的第二顿饭"的想法会战胜人们吃光盘子里的食物的冲动。由"they were offered a doggie bag, or a to-go box"可知or 连接两个并列成分,or前后的a doggie bag和a to-go box是同类事物,由to-go box(打包盒)可推知画线部分是指打包剩菜的容器。A:携带东西的袋子;B:盛外卖食物的盒子;C:携带狗粮的袋子。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段、第二段介绍了布莱恩·汪辛克所从事的研究并引出本文要介绍的他的一项研究;接下来的第三、四、五段通过举例子介绍了该项研究的具体内容;最后一段(汪辛克说,重点是考虑像那样的调查发现并改变你的环境或习惯。然后你将不用考虑就会吃得更少。)点明主旨。由此可知本文主要介绍的是改变环境或者饮食习惯有助于你吃得更少。故选A。
三、七选五
答案：①-⑤ CEGAD
解析：①根据本空前的"Food is so much a part of daily life that people often take eating for granted."可知,食物是我们日常生活的一部分,人们经常认为吃是理所当然的, C项(他们甚至没有意识到自己的饮食习惯)是上文的结果。故选C。
②根据本空后的"Food supplies the energy needed for day-to-day activities."可知,食物提供日常活动所需的能量, E项(像其他生物一样,人类需要能量才能生存)引起下文。故选E。
③根据本空前的"Some people eat to comfort themselves whenever they are upset or nervous."可知,有些人在烦恼或紧张时吃东西来安慰自己, G项(还有些人吃东西是为了打发无聊)与上一句是并列关系,都是列举吃东西的原因。故选G。
④根据本空后的"Many social occasions are associated with specific foods"可知,很多社交场合都与特定的食物有关,故A项(食物在保持社会传统方面也扮演着重要角色)符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据本空前的"Many social occasions are associated with specific foods—birthday cakes, Thanksgiving turkeys, or Fourth of July cookouts."可知,很多社交场合都与特定的食物有关—生日蛋糕、感恩节火鸡或独立日野餐, 故D项(这些传统提供了食物和社会活动之间的联系)符合语境。故选D。
一、填空题
1.Some plants are _____(poison) and should be handled with care.
2.The old man is said to have gone through a variety of _____(suffer) during the war.
3.An amusement park is the perfect locale for youngsters to have all ________(sort) of adventures.
4.While climbing the mountain, Robert _____(bite) on the arm by an unknown insect.
5.In a new interview, she said she ________(original) turned down the job as a secretary.
6.Despite the impact of the pandemic, Qingdao still witnessed ________(satisfy) growth in trade.
7.Each of Germany's 16 states has its own _______ (slight) different school systems.
8.According to a recent study, when a tree _______ (attack) by insects, it sends signals to warn its neighbours of the danger.
9.An athlete addicted to _______(climb) rocks built a climbing wall in his living room when he was forced to remain indoors by a COVID-19 lockdown.
10._____(original), tomatoes were planted in South America and in the 16th century, they spread to other parts of the world.
二、阅读理解
Over the years, Brian Wansink, director of the Food and Brand Lab at Cornell University, has studied such things as how far Americans typically drive to buy food, how many times we refill our plates at all-you-can-eat buffets and how we organize our kitchens. In the mid-2000s he famously coined the phrase mindless eating" (and wrote a book by that name) to focus attention on all the bad dietary decisions we make without really thinking about them.
His new book, Slim by Design: Mindless Eating Solutions for Everyday Life, aims to change the design of restaurants, school lunchrooms, office cafeterias and homes so that the mindless choices we make will be more healthful ones. Here are some examples.
Keep kitchen counters clear. No visible snack food, no bread, no nuts—not even breakfast cereals. In Wansink's research, "women who had even one box of breakfast cereal that was visible—anywhere in their kitchens—weighed 21 pounds more than their neighbors who didn't".
Trick yourself into drinking less wine. "We tend to focus on the height of what we pour but not the width, so we pour 12 percent less wine into taller wine glasses than we pour into wider wine glasses." And the shape of the glass is not the only variable(变量) that affects how much we drink. Wansink writes, "Because red wine is easier to see than white wine, we pour 9 percent less whenever we pour a glass of red wine."
Wansink said his researchers also found that people ate less at restaurants when sitting in well-lighted areas near windows and doors, than in darker areas or in the back. They ate less if they were offered a doggie bag, or a to-go box, before they got their meals: apparently the idea of getting a "free" second meal outweighed the impulse(冲动) to clean their plates. Workers who frequently ate at their desks weighed 15.4 pounds less, on average, than those who didn't. Fruit and vegetables kept on the top shelf of the refrigerator were eaten at higher rates than those on lower shelves.
The point, Wansink says, is to consider findings like those and change your environment or habits. Then you won't have to think about it: you'll just eat less.
11.Why did Brian Wansink write Slim by Design: Mindless Eating Solutions for Everyday Life
A.Because he wanted people to become thin.
B.Because he wanted people to learn from him.
C.Because he hoped to coin a new phrase "mindless eating".
D.Because he wished to change the design of dining places.
12.According to Wansink, which of the following affects the amount of wine we drink
A.The shape of wine glasses. B.The color of wine glasses.
C.The taste of wine. D.The quality of wine.
13.What does the underlined phrase "a doggie bag" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A.A bag for carrying things. B.A box for takeaway food.
C.A bag for carrying dog food. D.A container for leftovers.
14.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Changing the environment or eating habits will help you eat less.
B.Eating fruit and vegetables is better for your health.
C.Keeping your kitchen counter clear of any food will help make you thin.
D.Many people eat or drink too much without paying attention to it.
三、七选五
Food is so much a part of daily life that people often take eating for granted. ①_____ Now it is a good time for you to think carefully about this question: What kinds of needs does food meet
②_____ Food supplies the energy needed for day-to-day activities. Eating the right food each day helps your body perform important functions.
Physical needs are not the only ones people satisfy by eating every day. People often eat even when they are not hungry. Some people eat to comfort themselves whenever they are upset or nervous. ③_____
Food serves social needs as well as physical and emotional ones. People often combine eating with the company of friends and family because both experiences are pleasurable. In some families, mealtimes are the only time of a day when the whole family can be together. ④_____ Many social occasions are associated with specific foods—birthday cakes, Thanksgiving turkeys, or the Fourth of July cookouts. ⑤_____
A. Food also plays an important role in keeping social traditions.
B. Food has many purposes.
C. They are not even aware of their own eating habits.
D. These traditions provide links between food and social activities.
E. Like other living things, people need energy to live.
F. No matter how old you are, a strong body can protect you from diseases.
G. Others eat to remove boredom.
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：poisonous
解析：考查形容词。句意:有些植物有毒,应该小心对待。根据are及句意可知此处应用形容词作are的表语,表示"有毒的"。故填poisonous。
2.答案：sufferings
解析：考查名词及其复数。句意:据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种各样的苦难。由a variety of可以判断此处应用名词的复数形式。suffer的名词形式是suffering,意为"苦难"。故填sufferings。
3.答案：sorts
解析：考查名词复数。句意:游乐场是年轻人寻求各种冒险的绝佳场所。根据空前的all可知空格处应用名词复数。all sorts of意为"各种各样的"。故填sorts。
4.答案：was bitten
解析：考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意:在爬山时,罗伯特的手臂被一种不知名的昆虫咬伤了。此处表示过去发生的事,应用一般过去时;根据句意可知此处表示罗伯特被咬伤,则Robert与bite之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;主语是第三人称单数形式。故填was bitten。
5.答案：originally
解析：考查副词。句意:在一个新的采访中,她说她本来是拒绝了秘书的工作的。本空修饰动词短语turned down,应用副词形式。故填originally。
6.答案：satisfying
解析：考查形容词。句意:尽管受到疫情的影响,青岛的贸易仍有令人满意的增长。修饰名词应用形容词,故填satisfying,意为"令人满意的"。故填satisfying。
7.答案：slightly
解析： 考查副词。句意：德国16个州中的每个州都有自己稍有不同的学校制度。本空修饰形容词different，故应用副词slightly，意为"略微，稍微"。故填slightly。
8.答案：is attacked
解析：考查时态及语态。句意：根据最近的一项研究，当一棵树受到昆虫攻击时，它会发出信号，警告它的邻居有危险。根据语境可知，本句表示的是"客观事实"，故应用一般现在时；且tree和动词attack之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is attacked。
9.答案：climbing
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:一名酷爱攀岩的运动员在因新冠肺炎封锁而被迫待在室内时,他在自己的起居室里筑起了一面攀岩墙。句中addicted to _______ rocks是后置定语,相当于定语从句who was addicted to _______ rocks, be addicted to意为"对……上瘾,沉迷于……",其中to为介词,故本空应用动名词形式。故填climbing。
10.答案：Originally
解析：考查副词。句意:西红柿最初在南美洲种植,在16世纪传播到世界其他地方。分析句子结构可知,此处作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。故填Originally。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的"His new book...aims to change the design of restaurants, school lunchrooms, office cafeterias and homes so that the mindless choices we make will be more healthful ones."可知,布莱恩·汪辛克的新书力求改变餐馆、学校餐厅、办公室自助餐厅以及家里的设计,以便让我们无意识的选择变得更加健康。由此可知布莱恩·汪辛克写这本书是因为他希望改变用餐场所的设计。故选D。
12.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的"We tend to focus on the height of what we pour but not the width"及第三句"And the shape of the glass...that affects how much we drink."可知,布莱恩·汪辛克认为,酒杯的形状影响我们的饮酒量。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：词义猜测题。根据本段中的"They ate less if they were offered a doggie bag, or a to-go box, before they got their meals"及"apparently the idea of getting a ‘free’ second meal outweighed the impulse(冲动) to clean their plates"可知,当在饭前给人们提供打包袋时,人们会吃得更少,"得到了免费的第二顿饭"的想法会战胜人们吃光盘子里的食物的冲动。由"they were offered a doggie bag, or a to-go box"可知or 连接两个并列成分,or前后的a doggie bag和a to-go box是同类事物,由to-go box(打包盒)可推知画线部分是指打包剩菜的容器。A:携带东西的袋子;B:盛外卖食物的盒子;C:携带狗粮的袋子。故选D。
14.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段、第二段介绍了布莱恩·汪辛克所从事的研究并引出本文要介绍的他的一项研究;接下来的第三、四、五段通过举例子介绍了该项研究的具体内容;最后一段(汪辛克说,重点是考虑像那样的调查发现并改变你的环境或习惯。然后你将不用考虑就会吃得更少。)点明主旨。由此可知本文主要介绍的是改变环境或者饮食习惯有助于你吃得更少。故选A。
三、七选五
答案：①-⑤ CEGAD
解析：①根据本空前的"Food is so much a part of daily life that people often take eating for granted."可知,食物是我们日常生活的一部分,人们经常认为吃是理所当然的, C项(他们甚至没有意识到自己的饮食习惯)是上文的结果。故选C。
②根据本空后的"Food supplies the energy needed for day-to-day activities."可知,食物提供日常活动所需的能量, E项(像其他生物一样,人类需要能量才能生存)引起下文。故选E。
③根据本空前的"Some people eat to comfort themselves whenever they are upset or nervous."可知,有些人在烦恼或紧张时吃东西来安慰自己, G项(还有些人吃东西是为了打发无聊)与上一句是并列关系,都是列举吃东西的原因。故选G。
④根据本空后的"Many social occasions are associated with specific foods"可知,很多社交场合都与特定的食物有关,故A项(食物在保持社会传统方面也扮演着重要角色)符合语境。故选A。
⑤根据本空前的"Many social occasions are associated with specific foods—birthday cakes, Thanksgiving turkeys, or Fourth of July cookouts."可知,很多社交场合都与特定的食物有关—生日蛋糕、感恩节火鸡或独立日野餐, 故D项(这些传统提供了食物和社会活动之间的联系)符合语境。故选D。