外研版（2019）必修第一册寒假轻松衔接 Unit 4 Friends forever复习巩固练习 （含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修第一册寒假轻松衔接 Unit 4 Friends forever复习巩固练习 （含答案） |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-01-19 10:31:46 | ||
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复习巩固：（4）Unit 4 Friends forever——2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）寒假轻松衔接
一、填空题
1.The _______(distant) from my house to the train station is about two kilometres.
2.We would like to thank them for their _____(patient) and understanding.
3.Knowledge can _____(acquire) from books, while skills must be learned through practice.
4.It is amazing that the insect can take on the color of its ______(surround).
5.It is really _____(inspire) to hear that the Chinese athlete got the gold medal in the Women's Triathlon.
6.The people who are _____(humour) are always popular, because they can make others feel happy and relaxed.
7.It was getting colder and darker, and we waited _____(anxious) for the arrival of the next bus.
8.Mr Smith was deeply moved by the friendliness and _____(generous) of the Chinese people.
9.Numerous studies show that we tend _____(assume) we can do much better than we really can.
10.You'd better set off early so that unexpected conditions will not cause you to miss the _____(appoint) time.
二、阅读理解
It is often said that you can't have too many friends. But it seems that there is a natural limit to the number of people we stay in touch with. It has been proved that when we make new friends, by starting a new job or going to university, we tend to downgrade or even drop old ones. And while the friends may change, the number stays almost the same.
Oxford University researcher Felix Reed-Tsochas asked 24 students in the final months of school to list all their friends and relatives and say how close to them they were. The pupils filled in the questionnaire(问卷) twice more after starting work or going to university. They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to work out who they called, when and for how long.
Putting the two pieces of information together showed, unsurprisingly, that most people have a small circle of close friends, who they spend most of their time talking to. This inner circle is surrounded by group after group of ever more distant friends. As the volunteers' lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same, meaning that some close friends from childhood were dropped or downgraded as new friendships were built.
Dr Reed-Tsochas said, "Maybe my best friend is no longer the same person but the amount of time I allocate(分配) to my best friend is still the same." He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.
University of Chester researcher Dr Sam Roberts said, "Our results are likely to reflect limitations of the ability of humans to keep emotionally close relationships both because of limited time and because the emotional capital that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is limited."
11.What is a popular belief about making friends
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.We should treat friends as our family.
C.The more friends we make, the better.
D.A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
12.Which is the method Dr Reed-Tsochas used in his study
A.Checking the volunteers' call records.
B.Learning about the volunteers' hobbies.
C.Tracking the volunteers' job performance.
D.Interviewing the volunteers' schoolmates.
13.What did the researchers find from the study
A.One's attitude to friendship remains the same.
B.People attach great importance to friendships.
C.People rarely drop their old friends to make new ones.
D.The number of one's best friends doesn't change much.
14.What is the function of the last paragraph
A.To add background information. B.To give a possible explanation.
C.To offer some suggestions. D.To introduce a new topic.
三、七选五
Friendships mean a lot in our life. ①________ Be sure that the people who are close to you are the ones that make your life better, not worse. Remember, good friends improve your life, while toxic friends harm it.
The User
This type of friend is sometimes called a fair-weather friend. The User seems to be there for you, and make plans with you — that is, until something better comes along. This friend is always looking for a way to improve their social position. They also do not want to be alone on the weekend. ②________ You deserve(值得) a friend who is your friend through thick and thin.
The Leech
③________ They expect you to drop everything when they call. While it is important to be a supportive friend, with this type of friend, you have to set boundaries (界限). If you do not, after a while, this type of friend will take up most of your time.
The Negative Nellie
This friend is never happy with anything they have. ④________ Negative Nellies are also likely to have negative opinions about almost everything. Not only is this type of friend negative about their life, but they also direct that negativity toward you. They may judge everything from the clothes you wear to the people you talk to. They also struggle with envy at times and will never praise you. Look for friends that can be happy for you and supportive.
The Drama Queen
This friend’s life is like one long soap opera (肥皂剧). Every day there seem to be letdowns and sadness. With this friend, you become the problem-solver. But remember, they are probably not really interested in changing. ⑤________ Drama Queens pay all attention to their life, and they never notice what you need.
A. This friend may put you in danger.
B. This type of friend always needs you.
C. They spend a lot of time complaining.
D. It is important to choose your friends wisely.
E. It is difficult to know our friends’ true colors.
F. Once you have done your part, they will be gone.
G. This type of friend is not interested to hear your issues
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：distance
解析：考查名词。句意:从我家到火车站的距离大约是两公里。本空在句中作主语,空前有定冠词The,故此处应用名词形式。故填distance。
2.答案：patience
解析：考查名词。句意:我们想为他们的耐心和理解而感谢他们。根据空前形容词性物主代词their可知,本空应用名词形式,和understanding并列。故填patience。
3.答案：be acquired
解析：考查被动语态。句意:知识可以从书本上获得,而技能必须通过实践学习。动词acquire和主语Knowledge之间为被动关系,故本空应用被动语态。故填be acquired。
4.答案：surroundings
解析：句意:令人惊奇的是,这种昆虫能呈现出它周围环境的颜色。surroundings是名词"周围的事物,幻境",符合句意。故填surroundings。
5.答案：inspiring
解析：考查形容词。句意:听说这位中国运动员在女子铁人三项比赛中获得金牌,真是令人振奋。本空在句中作表语,意为"鼓舞人心的,令人振奋的"。故填inspiring。
6.答案：humorous
解析：考查形容词。句意:幽默的人总是受欢迎的,因为他们能让别人感到快乐和放松。本空在定语从句中作表语,应用形容词形式。故填humorous。
7.答案：anxiously
解析：考查副词。句意:天气越来越冷,天越来越黑,我们焦急地等待着下一辆公共汽车的到来。本空修饰动词waited,应用副词作状语。故填anxiously。
8.答案：generosity
解析：考查名词。句意:史密斯先生被中国人民的友好和慷慨深深感动。本空和空前的名词friendliness并列,应用名词形式。故填generosity。
9.答案：to assume
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:大量研究表明,我们往往认为自己可以做得比实际上能做到的更好。tend to do sth.意为"易于做某事,往往会做某事",故本空应用不定式作宾语。故填to assume。
10.答案：appointed
解析：考查形容词。句意:你最好早点出发,这样意外的情况也不会使你错过约定的时间。本空修饰名词time,故应用形容词appointed,意为"约定的,指定的"。故填appointed。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中"It is often said that you can't have too many friends.(人们常说,朋友越多越好。)"可知,关于交朋友,人们普遍的观点是朋友越多越好。故选C。
12.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to work out who they called, when and for how long.(他们还获得了免费的手机,并同意研究人员可以使用他们的账单来弄清他们打电话的对象、时间和时长。)"可知,研究的方法之一是核实志愿者的通话记录。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"As the volunteers' lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same(随着志愿者生活的改变,这个总体模式,包括最好的朋友的数量,几乎保持不变)"和第四段中"He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.(他补充说,这一发现表明,即使随着现代科技的到来,我们也只能形成有限数量的真正的友谊。)"可知,即使随着现代科技的到来,一个人结识的好朋友的数目仍然是有限的,一个人最好朋友的数量变化不大。故选D。
14.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Our results are likely to reflect limitations...between family members and friends is limited(我们的研究结果很可能反映了人类保持亲密情感友谊的能力有限,这既是由于时间有限,也是因为个人可以在家庭成员和朋友之间分配的情感资本有限)"可推断出,最后一段的作用是为了解释研究结果的原因所在。故选B。
三、七选五
答案：DFBCG
解析：①根据上文"Friendships mean a lot in our life.(友谊在我们的生活中意义重大。)"可知，本文谈论的是朋友和友谊的话题;根据下文"Be sure that the people who are close to you are the ones that make your life better, not worse.(确保你身边的人是那些让你的生活更好，而不是更糟的人。)"可知，下文告诉我们要如何选择朋友, D项意为"明智地选择朋友是很重要的。"选项能够引起下文,明智地选择朋友是很重要的，我们要选择那些让我们的生活更好，而不是更糟的人做我们的朋友。故选D。
②根据上文"The User seems to be there for you, and make plans with you—that is, until something better comes along.(User似乎在那里等着你，并与你一起制定计划，直到更好的事情出现。)"可知，User这类朋友是愿意帮助你的朋友;根据下文"You deserve (值得)a friend who is your friend through thick and thin. (你值得拥有这样一个朋友，一个能够与你患难与共的朋友。)"可知，User这类朋友是可以与你患难与共的朋友，由此可知，这类朋友是值得拥有的朋友，F项意为"一旦你完成了你的任务,他们就会离开。"选项符合对User这类朋友的描述, 他们不会给你负担，当他们帮助你完成了你的任务，他们就会离开。故选F。
③根据下文"They expect you to drop everything when they call.(他们希望当他们给你打电话时，你能放下一切帮助他们。)"和"If you do not, after a while, this type of friend will take up most of your time.(如果你不这样做，过一段时间，这种类型的朋友会占用你大部分时间。)"可知，Leech这类朋友总是需要你的帮助，会占用你大部分时间, B项意为"这种朋友总是需要你。"选项符合下文对这类朋友的描述，他们总是需要你，会占用你大部分时间。故选B。
④根据上文"This friend is never happy with anything they have. (这类朋友对他们拥有的任何东西都不满意。)"和下文"Negative Nellies are also likely to have negative opinions about almost everything.(Negative Nellies也可能对几乎每件事都有消极的看法。)"可知，Negative Nellie这类朋友对几乎每件事的看法都很消极，对他们拥有的任何东西都不满意，由此可知，他们是消极的人, C项意为"他们花了很多时间抱怨。"选项内容符合对这类朋友的描述,他们对他们拥有的任何东西都不满意,对几乎每件事的看法都很消极，所以才会花很多时间抱怨。故选C。
⑤根据下文"Drama Queens pay all attention to their life, and they never notice what you need.(Drama Queens全神贯注于他们的生活，他们从来没有注意到你需要什么。)"可知，Drama Queen这类朋友只关注自己的生活，而不会注意到你需要什么，G项意为"这种类型的朋友对听你的问题不感兴趣。"选项能够引起下文，Drama Queen这种类型的朋友对听你的问题不感兴趣，因为他们只关注自己的生活。故选G。
一、填空题
1.The _______(distant) from my house to the train station is about two kilometres.
2.We would like to thank them for their _____(patient) and understanding.
3.Knowledge can _____(acquire) from books, while skills must be learned through practice.
4.It is amazing that the insect can take on the color of its ______(surround).
5.It is really _____(inspire) to hear that the Chinese athlete got the gold medal in the Women's Triathlon.
6.The people who are _____(humour) are always popular, because they can make others feel happy and relaxed.
7.It was getting colder and darker, and we waited _____(anxious) for the arrival of the next bus.
8.Mr Smith was deeply moved by the friendliness and _____(generous) of the Chinese people.
9.Numerous studies show that we tend _____(assume) we can do much better than we really can.
10.You'd better set off early so that unexpected conditions will not cause you to miss the _____(appoint) time.
二、阅读理解
It is often said that you can't have too many friends. But it seems that there is a natural limit to the number of people we stay in touch with. It has been proved that when we make new friends, by starting a new job or going to university, we tend to downgrade or even drop old ones. And while the friends may change, the number stays almost the same.
Oxford University researcher Felix Reed-Tsochas asked 24 students in the final months of school to list all their friends and relatives and say how close to them they were. The pupils filled in the questionnaire(问卷) twice more after starting work or going to university. They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to work out who they called, when and for how long.
Putting the two pieces of information together showed, unsurprisingly, that most people have a small circle of close friends, who they spend most of their time talking to. This inner circle is surrounded by group after group of ever more distant friends. As the volunteers' lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same, meaning that some close friends from childhood were dropped or downgraded as new friendships were built.
Dr Reed-Tsochas said, "Maybe my best friend is no longer the same person but the amount of time I allocate(分配) to my best friend is still the same." He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.
University of Chester researcher Dr Sam Roberts said, "Our results are likely to reflect limitations of the ability of humans to keep emotionally close relationships both because of limited time and because the emotional capital that individuals can allocate between family members and friends is limited."
11.What is a popular belief about making friends
A.A friend in need is a friend indeed.
B.We should treat friends as our family.
C.The more friends we make, the better.
D.A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody.
12.Which is the method Dr Reed-Tsochas used in his study
A.Checking the volunteers' call records.
B.Learning about the volunteers' hobbies.
C.Tracking the volunteers' job performance.
D.Interviewing the volunteers' schoolmates.
13.What did the researchers find from the study
A.One's attitude to friendship remains the same.
B.People attach great importance to friendships.
C.People rarely drop their old friends to make new ones.
D.The number of one's best friends doesn't change much.
14.What is the function of the last paragraph
A.To add background information. B.To give a possible explanation.
C.To offer some suggestions. D.To introduce a new topic.
三、七选五
Friendships mean a lot in our life. ①________ Be sure that the people who are close to you are the ones that make your life better, not worse. Remember, good friends improve your life, while toxic friends harm it.
The User
This type of friend is sometimes called a fair-weather friend. The User seems to be there for you, and make plans with you — that is, until something better comes along. This friend is always looking for a way to improve their social position. They also do not want to be alone on the weekend. ②________ You deserve(值得) a friend who is your friend through thick and thin.
The Leech
③________ They expect you to drop everything when they call. While it is important to be a supportive friend, with this type of friend, you have to set boundaries (界限). If you do not, after a while, this type of friend will take up most of your time.
The Negative Nellie
This friend is never happy with anything they have. ④________ Negative Nellies are also likely to have negative opinions about almost everything. Not only is this type of friend negative about their life, but they also direct that negativity toward you. They may judge everything from the clothes you wear to the people you talk to. They also struggle with envy at times and will never praise you. Look for friends that can be happy for you and supportive.
The Drama Queen
This friend’s life is like one long soap opera (肥皂剧). Every day there seem to be letdowns and sadness. With this friend, you become the problem-solver. But remember, they are probably not really interested in changing. ⑤________ Drama Queens pay all attention to their life, and they never notice what you need.
A. This friend may put you in danger.
B. This type of friend always needs you.
C. They spend a lot of time complaining.
D. It is important to choose your friends wisely.
E. It is difficult to know our friends’ true colors.
F. Once you have done your part, they will be gone.
G. This type of friend is not interested to hear your issues
答案以及解析
一、填空题
1.答案：distance
解析：考查名词。句意:从我家到火车站的距离大约是两公里。本空在句中作主语,空前有定冠词The,故此处应用名词形式。故填distance。
2.答案：patience
解析：考查名词。句意:我们想为他们的耐心和理解而感谢他们。根据空前形容词性物主代词their可知,本空应用名词形式,和understanding并列。故填patience。
3.答案：be acquired
解析：考查被动语态。句意:知识可以从书本上获得,而技能必须通过实践学习。动词acquire和主语Knowledge之间为被动关系,故本空应用被动语态。故填be acquired。
4.答案：surroundings
解析：句意:令人惊奇的是,这种昆虫能呈现出它周围环境的颜色。surroundings是名词"周围的事物,幻境",符合句意。故填surroundings。
5.答案：inspiring
解析：考查形容词。句意:听说这位中国运动员在女子铁人三项比赛中获得金牌,真是令人振奋。本空在句中作表语,意为"鼓舞人心的,令人振奋的"。故填inspiring。
6.答案：humorous
解析：考查形容词。句意:幽默的人总是受欢迎的,因为他们能让别人感到快乐和放松。本空在定语从句中作表语,应用形容词形式。故填humorous。
7.答案：anxiously
解析：考查副词。句意:天气越来越冷,天越来越黑,我们焦急地等待着下一辆公共汽车的到来。本空修饰动词waited,应用副词作状语。故填anxiously。
8.答案：generosity
解析：考查名词。句意:史密斯先生被中国人民的友好和慷慨深深感动。本空和空前的名词friendliness并列,应用名词形式。故填generosity。
9.答案：to assume
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:大量研究表明,我们往往认为自己可以做得比实际上能做到的更好。tend to do sth.意为"易于做某事,往往会做某事",故本空应用不定式作宾语。故填to assume。
10.答案：appointed
解析：考查形容词。句意:你最好早点出发,这样意外的情况也不会使你错过约定的时间。本空修饰名词time,故应用形容词appointed,意为"约定的,指定的"。故填appointed。
二、阅读理解
11.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中"It is often said that you can't have too many friends.(人们常说,朋友越多越好。)"可知,关于交朋友,人们普遍的观点是朋友越多越好。故选C。
12.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中"They were also given free mobile phones and agreed that researchers could use their bills to work out who they called, when and for how long.(他们还获得了免费的手机,并同意研究人员可以使用他们的账单来弄清他们打电话的对象、时间和时长。)"可知,研究的方法之一是核实志愿者的通话记录。故选A。
13.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"As the volunteers' lives changed, this overall pattern, including the number of best friends, remained almost the same(随着志愿者生活的改变,这个总体模式,包括最好的朋友的数量,几乎保持不变)"和第四段中"He added that this finding suggests that even with the coming of modern technology we are only capable of forming a limited number of true friendships.(他补充说,这一发现表明,即使随着现代科技的到来,我们也只能形成有限数量的真正的友谊。)"可知,即使随着现代科技的到来,一个人结识的好朋友的数目仍然是有限的,一个人最好朋友的数量变化不大。故选D。
14.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中"Our results are likely to reflect limitations...between family members and friends is limited(我们的研究结果很可能反映了人类保持亲密情感友谊的能力有限,这既是由于时间有限,也是因为个人可以在家庭成员和朋友之间分配的情感资本有限)"可推断出,最后一段的作用是为了解释研究结果的原因所在。故选B。
三、七选五
答案：DFBCG
解析：①根据上文"Friendships mean a lot in our life.(友谊在我们的生活中意义重大。)"可知，本文谈论的是朋友和友谊的话题;根据下文"Be sure that the people who are close to you are the ones that make your life better, not worse.(确保你身边的人是那些让你的生活更好，而不是更糟的人。)"可知，下文告诉我们要如何选择朋友, D项意为"明智地选择朋友是很重要的。"选项能够引起下文,明智地选择朋友是很重要的，我们要选择那些让我们的生活更好，而不是更糟的人做我们的朋友。故选D。
②根据上文"The User seems to be there for you, and make plans with you—that is, until something better comes along.(User似乎在那里等着你，并与你一起制定计划，直到更好的事情出现。)"可知，User这类朋友是愿意帮助你的朋友;根据下文"You deserve (值得)a friend who is your friend through thick and thin. (你值得拥有这样一个朋友，一个能够与你患难与共的朋友。)"可知，User这类朋友是可以与你患难与共的朋友，由此可知，这类朋友是值得拥有的朋友，F项意为"一旦你完成了你的任务,他们就会离开。"选项符合对User这类朋友的描述, 他们不会给你负担，当他们帮助你完成了你的任务，他们就会离开。故选F。
③根据下文"They expect you to drop everything when they call.(他们希望当他们给你打电话时，你能放下一切帮助他们。)"和"If you do not, after a while, this type of friend will take up most of your time.(如果你不这样做，过一段时间，这种类型的朋友会占用你大部分时间。)"可知，Leech这类朋友总是需要你的帮助，会占用你大部分时间, B项意为"这种朋友总是需要你。"选项符合下文对这类朋友的描述，他们总是需要你，会占用你大部分时间。故选B。
④根据上文"This friend is never happy with anything they have. (这类朋友对他们拥有的任何东西都不满意。)"和下文"Negative Nellies are also likely to have negative opinions about almost everything.(Negative Nellies也可能对几乎每件事都有消极的看法。)"可知，Negative Nellie这类朋友对几乎每件事的看法都很消极，对他们拥有的任何东西都不满意，由此可知，他们是消极的人, C项意为"他们花了很多时间抱怨。"选项内容符合对这类朋友的描述,他们对他们拥有的任何东西都不满意,对几乎每件事的看法都很消极，所以才会花很多时间抱怨。故选C。
⑤根据下文"Drama Queens pay all attention to their life, and they never notice what you need.(Drama Queens全神贯注于他们的生活，他们从来没有注意到你需要什么。)"可知，Drama Queen这类朋友只关注自己的生活，而不会注意到你需要什么，G项意为"这种类型的朋友对听你的问题不感兴趣。"选项能够引起下文，Drama Queen这种类型的朋友对听你的问题不感兴趣，因为他们只关注自己的生活。故选G。