(共39张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas
课 堂 学 习
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 What is the video about
2 Which do you prefer, a faster pace of life or
a slower pace of life
1
Starting out
1 What is the video about
2 Which do you prefer, a faster pace of life
or a slower pace of life
The video is about whether it is better to live life at a fast or slow pace.
I prefer a slower pace of life. I can enjoy my life without hurry.
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
2
1 What kinds of changes do the pictures show
2 What else can you think of that has changed in recent decades
3 Imagine you could travel 40 years back in time. What would you want to experience Why
1 What kinds of changes do the pictures show
2 What else can you think of that has changed in recent decades
3 Imagine you could travel 40 years back in time. What would you want to experience Why
Changes in the way we shop, the buildings in which we live , the way we travel and how we communicate.
The way we attend classes, the way we buy books, the way we pay and so on.
If I could travel 40 years back in time, I would have liked to see an outdoor movie with my young peers. Sometimes, we had to go as far as miles to another village, smiling and sweating a lot all the way.
1
Look at the charts and answer the questions.
Understanding ideas
1 What information do
the charts show
2 What conclusions
can you draw from
these charts
1 What information do the charts show
The charts tell us that over the years, the sales made by physical bookstores have remained at a fairly consistent level, while those made by online bookstores have been steadily increasing in China.
2 What conclusions can you draw from these charts
More and more people are choosing to buy books online instead of in physical bookstores.
2
Look at the title of the passage and the pictures. Think about what the title means.
Predicting
A New Chapter
1 The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken. The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
2 When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were already being packed into boxes. I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly owner. Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore. Most young people preferred reading e books on tablets. More and more customers were being attracted by chain stores and online discounts. I tried to think of some words of sympathy, but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer.
Now read the passage and check your answer.
3 Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events had happened only yesterday. A bunch of us kids would frequently drop by the store after school. We'd look at the new books, or just chat with Old Casey. He knew every book in the store and would always pick the perfect one for us from a dusty shelf. We spent hours reading, seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture. Casey encouraged us to share our ideas and comments on the books, by writing them on a large board in one corner of the store.
4 When I left the bookstore, it was becoming cold and dark outside. I turned to wave goodbye to Casey, but both he and his bookstore were already hidden in a thick mist. It made me realize that the bookstore and all that Old Casey had given to the community could soon disappear for good.
5 A few months later, I was back in the neighborhood during my spring break and was surprised to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business. Its old brick exterior hadn't changed, but inside it was like a different world. In one area, a book reading was being delivered. Nearby, customers were poring over shelves selling stationery, posters and other best seller themed gifts. The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, where customers' comments on the month's best seller were being displayed. Clearly, the Rainbow Bookstore was in good, creative hands.
6 I was told that the community had decided to work together on a campaign to save the Rainbow Bookstore. The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman who had grown up in the neighborhood and who had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
7 Under Jennifer's leadership, the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature loving members of the community to get together. It had a café selling organic food, and there were now more community events such as book readings, poetry recitals and even jazz concerts and movie nights, where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded.
8 I joined Casey, who was looking up at the screen on which readers' comments kept popping up. “Well, as you can see, corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! I'm so pleased to see that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here.”
Read the passage and find out what the title means.
It means that the Rainbow Bookstore restarts its business with a new appearance by means of a creative mind.
Skimming
Read the passage quickly, divide it into parts and tell each part's main idea.
Scanning
Part 1 Para. 1 - Para. 4 The old Rainbow Bookstore
Part 2 Para. 5 - Para. 8 The new Rainbow Bookstore
Choose the ideas conveyed in the passage and find evidence to support your choices.
1. Traditional bookstores can’t compete with large bookstore chains.
2. People’s love of reading never changes.
3. Technology has been a key factor in bringing the Rainbow
Bookstore back to life.
4. Creativity plays an important role in the new Rainbow Bookstore.
3
Careful reading
Evidence for 2:
Para. 1: “The bookstore, … a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.”
Para. 7: “… the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature-loving members of the community to get together.”
Evidence for 4:
Para. 5: “Clearly, the Rainbow Bookstore was in good, creative hands.”
Para. 7: “It had a café selling organic food, and there were now more community events such as ...”
Para. 8: “...corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century!”
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
4
Old Bookstore
owned by Casey;
shares ideas and comments on the large board in one corner of the store
New Bookstore
owned by Jennifer;
shares ideas and comments on a big screen;
sells stationery, posters, and other best-seller themed gifts;
is a place for literature-loving members of the community to get together.
has a café selling organic food;
has more community events such as book readings, poetry recitals and even
jazz concerts and movie nights
Similarities
sells books
reads books
shares ideas and comments on the books;
has an old brick exterior
Now describe the author’s feeling towards the Rainbow Bookstore in your own words.
1. When he heard the store was closing, he felt heartbroken.
2. When he knew the store was in good hands again, he was surprised
and pleased to see everything offered to the community.
1. Do the author’s childhood memories make the passage more appealing
Why or why not
2. What do you think of the changes made to the bookstore
3. What changes do you think will happen to the bookstores around you
4. How does the diagram help you to better understand the passage
Think & Share
1. Do the author’s childhood memories make the passage more appealing
Why or why not
2. What do you think of the changes made to the bookstore
3. What changes do you think will happen to the bookstores around you
4. How does the diagram help you to better understand the passage
I think the changes of the bookstore keep pace with the development of technology and society.
Yes, because the memories describe how the author and other kids benefit from the bookstore, illustrating how and why it is so important to the community.
It will improve the bookstores’ environment, add new technological devices and so on.
The diagram tells us visually what the article is about and what changes have taken place from the old bookstore to the new bookstore.
1. The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50
years of business, I was heartbroken.
听说经营了50年的彩虹书店要关门的那一天，我的心都碎了。
(1) The day充当连词，引导时间状语从句；更多此类用作连词
的词汇有the moment、next time、each time、the first time等。
e.g. The moment I saw her, I recognised her.
我一看见她，就认出了她。
Each time I washed the car, it rained.
每次我洗车，天就下雨。
(2) that引导宾语从句。
Language points
2. The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books. 这家书店是附近鼎鼎有名的地方，谁都可以进去转转，通过他们对书籍的热爱沟通交流。
(1) 本句是主从复合句。“which...neighborhood”是which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为The bookstore；“where anyone ... books”是关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a place。
(2) drop in 顺便造访，临时拜访
drop in on+人 顺便拜访某人 drop in at+地点 顺便拜访某地
drop by 顺便拜访 drop back 落后，落在后面
drop off 打盹，打瞌睡
drop out 退出，脱离；退学，辍学
3. When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were already
being packed into boxes.
当我匆忙赶到书店时，我看到书已经被装箱了。
(1) When引导时间状语从句。
(2) hurry to sp. 匆忙赶往某处
e.g. Actually, I must hurry to the library to return some books.
事实上，我必须赶快去图书馆还些书。
4. Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an
independent bookstore.
他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营一家独立书店是多么困难。
(1) “Signing deeply”动词的现在分词短语作伴随状语，动词sigh
与逻辑主语he构成主动关系；
拓展：动词的现在分词形式可在句子中作状语，表示伴随、
原因、结果、方式、条件、时间等意义，此时，现在分词
的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，且所表示的动作与句子中
的谓语的动作同时发生。
(2) how引导宾语从句，it为从句的形式主语，其中的 to run an
independent bookstore为不定式短语作真正主语后置。
5. Most young people preferred reading e books on tablets.
大多数年轻人更喜欢在平板电脑上阅读电子书。
prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢 (preferred, preferred)
prefer doing sth./to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿/希望某人做某事
prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B (to为介词）
prefer doing A to doing B 与做事件B相比，更倾向于做事件A
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. (=would rather do sth. than do sth.)
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
prefer that... 希望/更愿意 (从句谓语常用“should+动词原形”，should
可以省略）
preference n. 偏好，喜好
have a preference for sth. 偏爱某物
6. I tried to think of some words of sympathy, but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer. 我努力想说些同情的话，但我不得不承认，彩虹书店不能再继续经营下去了。
(1) sympathy n. 同情；赞同，支持
have/feel sympathy for sb. 对某人怀着/感到同情
express/offer (one's) sympathy 表达/表示同情
get sympathy from sb. 得到某人的同情
out of sympathy 出于同情
in sympathy with 支持
sympathetic adj. 同情的，有同情心的
sympathetically adv. 同情地 sympathise v. 同情
(2) that引导宾语从句。
(3) stay in business 维持营业
7. Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, as if the events had happened only yesterday. 童年的记忆如此清晰地浮现在我的脑海中，仿佛事情就发生在昨天。
as if引导虚拟语气。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或不大可能发生或存在的情况时，可以用as if引导的从句。从句中动词的时态主要分为两种情况：
(1) 如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。
e.g. He acts as if he knew me. 他表现得好像认识我似的。
(2) 如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语从句用过去完成时。
e.g. He talks about Antarctica as if he had been there before.
他谈起南极就好像他之前去过那里一样。
8. We spent hours reading, seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture.
我们坐在书店陈旧但舒适的椅子上看几个小时的书。
(1) “seated on ... furniture”为过去分词短语作伴随状语。
(2) seat vt. （使）就座；坐；能容纳……人 n. 座位
seat oneself （使）就座
take a seat 坐下
take one's seat 就座
book a seat 预订座位
(3) a piece of furniture 一件家具
9. When I left the bookstore, it was becoming cold and dark outside.
当我离开书店时，外面变得又冷又黑。
when引导时间状语从句。
10. It made me realize that the bookstore and all that Old Casey had
given to the community could soon disappear for good.
这让我意识到，书店和老凯西为社区所做的一切可能很快
就会永远消失。
(1) 本句是主从复合句。“that the bookstore...for good”是that引导的宾语从句，作realize的宾语；该宾语从句中包含一个that引导的限制性定语从句，先行词为all，all(指物时)为不定代词，其后的定语从句一般用that而不用which引导。
(2) for good 永远，永久
11. A few months later, I was back in the neighborhood during my spring break and was surprised to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business. 几个月后，我在春假期间回到了附近，惊讶地发现彩虹书店仍然在那里，而且还在营业。
that引导宾语从句。
12. In one area, a book reading was being delivered.
书店的一个区域里，人们正在进行读书会。
deliver vt. 发表，宣布，发布；递送，传送；接生，助产；
分娩，生孩子
deliver a speech 发表演讲
deliver a baby 接生
be delivered of (=give birth to) 生产，分娩。
13. Nearby, customers were poring over shelves selling stationery, posters and other best seller themed gifts. 附近，顾客们在货架前仔细地挑选着文具、海报和其他畅销主题的礼品。
“selling... gifts”作后置定语，修饰名词shelves，sell与shelves之间为主谓关系。
14. The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, where
customers' comments on the month's best seller were being displayed.
角落里的大板子被一个大屏幕所取代，屏幕上显示着顾客对本月
畅销书的评论。
where 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰a big screen。
15. Clearly, the Rainbow Bookstore was in good, creative hands.
显然，彩虹书店经营有方，富有创意。
in good hands 受到很好的照料（或关注）；
在可靠（或内行）的人手里
拓展：fall into sb.'s hands 受制于某人，被某人控制
in the hands of sb.=in sb.'s hands 由某人处理/照料
have a hand in sth. 插手某事，参与某事
16. I was told that the community had decided to work together
on a campaign to save the Rainbow Bookstore.
我被告知，社区决定一起开展一项活动来拯救彩虹书店。
that引导宾语从句；“to save the Rainbow Bookstore”动词
不定式短语作目的状语。
17. The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman who had grown up in the neighborhood and who had now taken over the bookstore from Casey. 这次活动由珍妮弗·奥克利领导，她是一位售货员，从小在社区长大，现在已经从凯西手中接手了书店。
(1) 此处是Jennifer Oakley的同位语，其中含有两个由who引导
的限制性定语从句，先行词为saleswoman。
(2) take over 接管，接手，接替，接任，取代，接收（公司）；
（武力）占领，占上风
e.g. I'm going to take over the company one day.
我总有一天会接管这家公司。
18. It had a café selling organic food, and there were now more community events such as book readings, poetry recitals and even jazz concerts and movie nights, where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded. 书店里有一个出售有机食品的咖啡馆，现在还在这里举行更多的社区活动，比如读书会、诗歌朗诵会甚至是爵士音乐会和电影之夜。在这里，人们可以聚在一起分享体验，这种体验是无法从网上下载到的。
“selling organic food”现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词café；where
引导非限制性定语从句，修饰community events；that引导定语从句，
修饰名词experience。
19. I joined Casey, who was looking up at the screen on which readers' comments kept popping up. 我加入了凯西的行列，他抬头看着屏幕，上面不断弹出读者的评论。
(1) who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Casey；on which
引导限制性定语从句，修饰the screen。
(2) pop up 突然出现，冒出来
pop into one's head/mind 突然冒出/想到
pop out 脱口而出
pop in 作短暂访问
pop off（突然）死去
pop on 迅速穿上（衣服等）；啪地打开（电器）
20. I'm so pleased to see that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here.
我很高兴地看到，我希望它为社区提供的一切仍然存在。
(1) be pleased to do sth.”意为很高兴做某事，一般的表示情感
和心理的形容词都可构成该句型结构。
(2) that引导宾语从句；“I wanted it to offer to the community”
为定语从句，修饰代词everything，其前省略了关系代词that。
Retelling A New Chapter
Part 1 Para. 1 - Para. 4 The old Rainbow Bookstore
Part 2 Para. 5 - Para. 8 The new Rainbow Bookstore(共12张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
新 课 导 入
What do you know about Superman
Superman is a superhero published by DC Comics since 1938. He was from the destroyed planet Krypton and raised as Clark Kent by human foster parents, Martha and Jonathan
Kent. As an adult, Superman became the protector of Earth, working at the Daily Planet as Clark Kent alongside his partner and wife Lois Lane. For much of his life, he doesn't reveal his true identity and powers to anyone, not even his closest friends. In the earlier films, when Clark Kent wanted to transform into Superman, he would step into a phone box and the switch would be complete.
课 堂 学 习
1
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Where Does SUPERMAN Get Changed These Days
I was watching a superhero film the other day and a thought occurred to me: where does Superman get changed these days In the comics and earlier films, Clark Kent would pop into a phone box to change into his Superman costume. But these days, phone boxes are hard to find. The main reason for this is simply that we don't need them anymore. Almost everyone these days carries a mobile phone with them. It is certainly more convenient to take out a mobile and make a call at the touch of a button than to press a series of long numbers on a telephone. And anyone who happens to leave their mobile phone at home will still have no use for a phone box. Why Because they are unlikely to remember the number they want to call - that’s something that our mobile phones do for us these days. And even if we could remember a number and needed to call it urgently, it would still be more convenient to borrow a mobile phone from someone else than walk around looking for a phone box. So, the phone box is becoming a thing of the past. Poor Clark Kent will have to find somewhere else to change!
1 Why does the author start the passage by writing about Superman
The author starts by writing about Superman in order to form an instant connection with readers, as everyone is familiar with Superman. It also sets the tone of the passage by introducing some light-hearted humour.
2 What will disappear in the future according to the passage What is the major
reason for this phenomenon
Phone boxes will disappear in the future. The major reason is that almost everyone has a mobile phone and they don’t need phone boxes any more.
3 What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point convincing
The supporting arguments are as follows:
1) Phone boxes are difficult to find.
2) It is convenient to take out a mobile and make a call at the touch of a button
than to press a series of long numbers.
3) Remembering other's telephone number is not easy.
4) It's more convenient to borrow a mobile phone from someone else than walk
around looking for a phone box.
content of the passage
I was ... Superman costume.
But these ... to find.
The main ... with them.
Lead in
Something that will not be around in the future
Reason
It is ... phone box.
Supporting arguments
So, ... to change!
Conclusion
2
Think about something that might disappear in the future and complete the table.
Something that will not be around in the future
Reasons
Supporting arguments
Now write your passage.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s passages and share them with the class.
Sample:
The Electric Fan: a Thing of the Past
The days of keeping cool with electric fans are numbered. In recent years there has been a significant decrease in their use, and their obvious shortcomings compared to air conditioners make their complete disappearance in the near future possible.
Firstly, electric fans are far less effective in cooling a room. While the breeze they produce can feel pleasant, it does not lower the overall temperature. Not only do air conditioners achieve this, but their settings can be adjusted so that they can reach a specific, ideal temperature.
Secondly, electric fans are often less efficient at the use of space, as they usually need to be placed on either the floor or a table; in contrast, air conditioners are usually hung on walls. But what do you think - will the electric fan soon be a thing of the past
4
Work in groups. Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 What can you see in the pictures
2 What changes in our ways of learning do
the pictures show
The pictures shows changes in classroom conditions, teaching tools, ways of interacting and access to resources.
I can see that three teachers are giving lectures with different forms.
5
Think about how learning will change in the future and complete the table.
Learning activities Changes
homework
exam
6
Prepare a short presentation. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your presentation
2 useful words, expressions and structures
7
Give your presentation to the class.
1. How can we write a passage about something that
might disappear in the future
2. Talk about how learning will change in the future.(共33张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 4
Reading
新 课 导 入
1
Look at the messages and answer the questions.
1 Which message is easier to understand
Which message do you prefer Why
2 Which way do you use to send messages
课 堂 学 习
2
Look at the title of the passage and predict the author's attitude towards emojis.
Predicting
Emojis: a new language
1 While waiting outside the cafeteria, I received the following message from my friend:
2 It took me a minute before I realised what it meant. The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late and would be there soon. Instead of replying with a simple “OK, don't rush”, I searched for emojis on my phone that would express the same message:
Now read the passage and check your prediction.
3 This was my attempt to follow the trend of communicating with emojis. Emojis are used everywhere, from text messages to emails, blogs and other social media networks. With the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral component of the language we use to express ourselves.
4 The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally meaning “picture character”. Emojis are small symbols representing ideas, emotions or feelings. They come in different categories, such as faces and people, plants and animals, and food and drink.
5 When first introduced in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate. Due to their popularity, the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first time ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.
6 In today's world, emojis have become more and more popular. It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language. People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use. In fact, this is similar to the gestures we use when we speak. With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words. Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words. For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just send them a string of crying faces to express your sadness over your separation.
7 The use of emojis has even spread to classical literature. A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeare's popular plays and replaced some words with textspeak and emojis. The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers. Some people, however, believe that these new versions have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays.
8 As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place. Users of emojis say that they facilitate the way in which we communicate and express ourselves. But this makes others, especially educators, worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word. After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly. On that day, emojis will have become a real pictorial “language”. But, for now, maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them.
Read the passage and check out the author's attitude towards emojis.
On that day, emojis will have become a real pictorial “language”. But for now, maybe it’s best that we just enjoy using them.
Skimming
Scanning
Read the passage quickly, divide it into parts and tell each part's main idea.
Part 1 Para. 1 - Para. 3
Introducing the topic by the author’s examples.
Part 2 Para. 4 - Para. 7
The origins and development of emojis and their application in daily life.
Part 3 Para. 8
The future development and the author’s concern.
3
Choose the author’s purpose in writing the passage and give your reasons.
1. To guide readers to use emojis properly.
2. To discuss the development and influence of emojis.
3. To criticise the increased use of emojis.
4. To entertain readers with examples of how emojis
have been used.
1. What does the message from the author's friend mean
Read Part 1 carefully and answer the questions below.
Careful reading
2. What does author's reply mean
The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late and would be there soon.
It means “OK, don't rush.”
Read Part 2 carefully and answer the questions below.
1 Where does the word “emoji” come from and what are “emojis”
2 How are emojis developed
The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally meaning “picture character”. Emojis are small symbols representing ideas, emotions or feelings. They come in different categories, such as faces and people, plants and animals, and food and drink.
In 1999, there were only 176 simple designs. Now, there are more than 3000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate.
3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of emojis
Advantages: They add emotional meaning, are quick and easy to use, make the classics more accessible to young readers.
Disadvantages: They take away the heart and soul of the classics.
Read Part 3 carefully and answer the questions below.
1 What is the future development of emojis
2 What's the author's concern about using emojis
Emojis will have become a real pictorial “language”.
The concern is that people are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word.
Think Share
1 Do you think Shakespeare series with emojis is an effective way to
encourage young readers to read classics Give your reasons.
2 What do you think about the way people use emojis
3 What lifestyle changes does each reading passage in this unit focus on
What is the common message conveyed in both passages
1 Do you think Shakespeare series with emojis is an effective way to
encourage young readers to read classics Give your reasons.
2 What do you think about the way people use emojis
3 What lifestyle changes does each reading passage in this unit focus on
What is the common message conveyed in both passages
The first passage focuses on changes of people's reading habits, while the second passage focuses on changes of the way we communicate. Both passages convey changes of our lives and society in which we live.
I don’t think so. Just as many people say, these new versions have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays.
We can use them when they are quick and easy to use or we cannot find the appropriate words. But don't spend so much time finding proper emojis to express one’s feelings or let others misunderstand us because of emojis.
4
Work in groups. Give a talk about your attitude towards grown-ups.
1 Read the sentence and decide whether you agree or disagree with it.
2 Provide three reasons to support your ideas and give evidence for
each reason. Make notes.
3 Give your talk to the class.
Reasons Evidence
Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly.
Learning to learn
When you give your opinion, your argument will be stronger if it is supported by evidence. Evidence can come from primary sources, such as original documents and interviews, or secondary sources, such as books and magazines.
Now think about what you have learnt from the opinions of your classmates. Have they helped to change your opinion in any way
Language points
1. While waiting outside the cafeteria, I received the following message from
my friend: ... 在自助餐厅外等待的时候，我收到了朋友发来的下面的
信息：……
它是时间状语从句“While I was waiting outside the cafeteria”的省略形式。
2. It took me a minute before I realised what it meant.
我花了一分钟才理解这条消息的意思。
before引导时间状语从句；what引导宾语从句。
3. The signs he used were to say that he'd be running late and would be there soon. 这些符号是想说他要迟到了，会尽快过来。
he used为定语从句，修饰名词signs，从句省略了关系代词that或which；
that引导宾语从句。
4. Instead of replying with a simple “OK, don't rush”, I searched for emojis
on my phone that would express the same message: ...
我没有简单地回复“好的，不要着急”，而是在手机上搜索能表达同样
信息的表情符号：……
(1) search for 寻找，搜寻
search+搜寻的范围 搜寻……，搜查…
search for+搜寻的目标 寻找……
search十某人/某地十for... 搜查某人/某地以寻找……
carry out a search 进行搜查
in search of 寻找，搜寻（作状语或表语）
(2) that引导定语从句，修饰名词emojis。
5. This was my attempt to follow the trend of communicating with emojis.
这是我追随表情符号交流趋势的一次尝试。
attempt n. & vt. 尝试；努力；试图
make an attempt/attempts to do/at doing sth. 尝试/试图做某事
in an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
at the first attempt 首次尝试
attempt to do sth. 尝试做某事
6. With the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral component of the language we use to express ourselves.
随着社交媒体的快速发展，表情符号正在成为我们用来表达自己的语言的一个组成部分。
“with... media”作伴随状语；“we use... ourselves”为定语从句，修饰
the language，从句省略关系代词that或which。
7. The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally meaning “picture character”. “emoji”一词来源于日语，字面意思是“图片文字”。
literally meaning “picture character”是现在分词短语作伴随状语，
它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或
存在的。
e.g. Students went away, running and laughing.
学生们离开了，他们边跑边笑。
The boy sat in front of the farmhouse, cutting the branch.
男孩坐在农舍前，砍着树枝。
8. Emojis are small symbols representing ideas, emotions or feelings.
表情符号用来表示想法、情绪或感受。
现在分词短语作定语，修饰small symbols。
9. When first introduced in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.
1999年表情符号首次在日本推行时，仅限于176个简单的设计。
(1) 本句为时间状语从句“When emojis were first introduced in
Japan in 1999的省略形式。
(2) limit vt.限制，限定n.[c]限度，限制；限量，限额
be limited to... “被限制在……” (to是介词)
limit...to... 把……限制在……内
there is a/no limit to... ……是有限无限的
set/put a limit on... 对……进行限制
without limit 无限制地
within limits 在一定范围内，有限度地
10. Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in
which we communicate.
现在有超过3000个表情符号详细描述了我们的交流方式。
(1) 本句是主从复合句，that在此引导限制性定语从句，先行词
为more than 3,000 emojis；该从句中，in which引导限制性
定语从句，先行词为the way。
(2) expand vi. 细谈，详述，详细阐明； vt. & vi. 扩大，增加，
增强(尺码、数量或重要性)；扩展，发展（业务）
expand on/upon 详述，充分叙述，详细阐明
expand... into... 把……扩展/发展成……
expand into... 发展/扩大成……
expansion n. 扩张；扩展；扩大
11. It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language.
表情符号似乎比书面语言有明显的优势。
(1) “It seems that” 可以转换成 “主语 + seem(s) + to do”。即：
Emojis seem to have clear advantages over written language.”
(2) advantage n. 优点；有利因素
have an advantage over 胜过
take advantage of 利用
advantages and disadvantages 利与弊
at a disadvantage 处于不利地位
12. People like them because they add emotional meaning, and
are quick and easy to use. 人们喜欢它们是因为它们添加
了情感意义，而且使用起来快捷方便。
because引导原因状语从句。
13. In fact, this is similar to the gestures we use when we speak.
事实上，这类似于我们说话时使用的手势。
we use为定语从句，修饰the gestures，从句省略了关系
代词that或which；when引导时间状语从句
14. With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post, your reader can
“see” your facial expression while reading your words.
在一条信息或帖子中添加一个微笑或悲伤的表情，你的读者可以
在阅读你的文字时“看到”你的面部表情。
(1) with sth done结构，本结构在句中作状语，a smiling or sad face与add 之间是被动的关系，所以add用过去分词形式。
e.g. With the homework finished, she went shopping.
完成家庭作业后，她就去逛街了。
“with+宾语+补语”复合结构可以用作定语。
e.g. The man with his arms crossed is our maths teacher.
那位双臂交叉的男士是我们的数学老师。）
(2) while reading your words是时间状语从句while your reader is reading your words的省略形式。
15. Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find
the appropriate words.
表情符号还可以帮助人们在找不到合适的词语时表达自己的感受。
when引导时间状语从句。
16. For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just
send them a string of crying faces to express your sadness over your
separation. 例如，如果你的朋友要搬到另一个国家，你可以给他们
发一串哭泣的脸来表达你对分离的悲伤。
if引导条件状语从句；句末to express your sadness over your separation
为不定式作目的状语。
17. The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to
young readers. 这些改编本的目的是让年轻读者更容易读懂经典作品。
(1) intention n. [C,U意图，目的，打算
intention of doing sth./to do sth. 做某事的意图/打算
have no intention of doing sth. 没有做某事的意图/打算
with the intention of doing sth. 怀着做某事的目的/意图
intend vt. & vi. 计划，打算，想要
intend doing sth./to do sth. 打算/想要做某事
intend sb. to do sth. 打算/想要某人做某事
had intended to do sth. 本打算做某事（却未做）
intended adj. 为……打算（或设计）的；意欲达到的；计划的
be intended for... 专供……使用；专为……而设计
be intended to do sth. 打算做某事
(2) 句中to make...to young readers为动词不定式短语作表语。
18. Some people, however, believe that these new versions have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays. 然而，有些人认为这些新版本已经夺走了莎士比亚戏剧的核心和灵魂。
that引导宾语从句。
19. As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.
正如我们所看到的,表情符号有一种到处流行的趋势。
(1) as引导的非限制性定语从句。
(2) tendency n. 趋势；倾向，偏好
(have) a tendency to do sth.（有）做某事的倾向/趋势/偏好
(have) a tendency to/towards sth.（有）……的倾向/趋势/偏好
tend to/towards sth.有……的趋势，倾向于……
tend v. 往往会，常常就；趋向，走向；招特，照顾
tend to do sth. 往往会做某事
tend (to) sb./sth. 照料/护理/照管……
20. Users of emojis say that they facilitate the way in which we communicate and express ourselves. 表情符号的使用者表示，这些符号有助于人们交流和表达自我。
that引导宾语从句；in which 引导定语从句，修饰先行词the way。
21. But this makes others, especially educators, worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word. 但这让其他人，尤其是教育工作者，担心我们正在失去使用书面语言，甚至口头语言进行正确沟通的能力。
that引导宾语从句；动词不定式短语to communicate properly作定语，修饰the ability；现在分词短语using the written word, or even the spoken word作方式状语。
22. After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call 毕竟，我们今天有多少人宁愿发送一条都是表情符号的信息，也不愿打电话？
(1) would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
e.g. I would rather do it immediately than stay up late.
我宁愿立刻就做这件事也不想晚睡。
(2) packed with emojis 作后置定语修饰a message。
23. But, for now, maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them.
但是，就目前而言，也许我们最好只是享受使用它们的乐趣吧。
it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。
Retelling Emojis: a new language
Part 1 Para. 1 - Para. 3
Introducing the topic by the author’s examples.
Part 2 Para. 4 - Para. 7
The origins and development of emojis and their application in daily life.
Part 3 Para. 8
The future development and the author’s concern.(共14张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 2
Grammar
课 堂 学 习
Past continuous passive
1
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) is from the reading passage.
a When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were
already being packed into boxes.
b When I hurried to the store, I saw that the books were
already packed into boxes.
1 What is the difference between sentences (a) and (b)
Past continuous passive is used in sentence (a) and past simple passive is used in sentence (b). In sentence (a) the action was being done while in sentence (b) the action was already finished.
2 Which sentence emphasises process and which
emphasises result
Sentence (a) emphasises process and sentence (b) emphasises result.
Now look for more sentences with the past continuous passive in the reading passage, and summarise its uses in your own words.
1) More and more customers were being attracted by chain stores
and online discounts.
2) In one area, a book reading was being delivered.
3) The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen,
where customers’ comments on the month’s best-seller were
being displayed.
4) Under Jennifer's leadership, the bookstore was being turned into
a place for literature loving members of the community to get
together.
【语法讲解】
一、过去进行时的被动语态的概念
表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。过去进行时的被动语态的构成： was/were being done
Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候他们正在植树。
二、过去进行时态的被动语态的基本结构
1 肯定式：主语+was/were+being done+其他.
Another bridge was being built over the Yangtze River then.
那时长江上正在修建另一座桥。
2 否定式：主语+was/were+not+being done
She looked behind to make sure she was not being followed.
她往后看了看确保没有被人跟踪。
3 一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+being done+其他
Was a new library being put up in their school just then
他的学校当时正在建一栋新楼吗？
4 特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+being done+其他
How was the building being built last year this time
这座大楼去年这时候是怎么建造的？
三、过去进行时态的被动语态的用法
1 过去进行时态的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，表示过去正在进行的被动动作。
He was being interviewed by our head master when we came in.
我们进来时，他正在接受校长的面试。
This film was being shown at this time yesterday.
这部电影昨天这个时候正在上映。
2 过去进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用， 要使用完成时态的被动语态。
The watch was being repaired twice. ×
The watch has been repaired twice. √
这块表已经修过两次了。
四、过去进行时态的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
过去进行时态的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作，而一般过去时的被动语态表示的是某个被动的动作在过去发生了。
e.g. The research was being done when the professor went into the lab last night. 昨晚教授走进实验室时，研究正在进行。
Some computers were stolen last night.
昨晚有些电脑被偷了。
2
Rewrite the passage using the past continuous passive.
Walking home a few days ago, I saw that people were doing reconstruction work on the old market. It would be turned into modern shopping mall. Some people were tearing down the old gate. Some were removing the wooden stands. Some were clearing away rubbish from the floor. While all this going on, a journalist was taking photos. The resulting story in the local newspaper divided the people of the town: some were in favour of the new shopping mall, and some were against it.
Answer:
Walking home a few days ago, I saw that reconstruction work was being done on the old market. It would be turned into a modern shopping mall. The old gate was being torn down. The wooden stands were being removed. Rubbish was being cleared away from the floor. While all this was going on, photos were being taken by a journalist. The resulting story in the local newspaper divided the people of the town: some were in favour of the new shopping mall, and some were against it.
3
Look at the two groups of pictures and describe the changes in the news industry using the past continuous passive where appropriate.
Yesterday, I watched a documentary about the news industry in the past. I saw that an interview was being done face to face. But now, interviews can be done online...
Sample:
Yesterday, I watched a documentary about the news industry in the past. I saw that an interview was being done face to face. But now, interviews can be done online. News was being edited with a pen while it can now be edited on a computer. News was being printed on paper while it can now be released on the Internet. Newspapers were being delivered to readers’ doors, whereas news can now be read online.
4
Describe the changes in another industry using the past continuous passive where appropriate.
1. Talk about the use of the past continuous passive.
2. Make some sentences with the past continuous passive.(共14张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
新 课 导 入
What do you know about the reform and opening-up policy
课 堂 学 习
1
Read the passage and answer the questions. Pay attention to the expressions in bold.
More than 40 years ago, China began to implement the reform and opening-up policy, starting out on a journey that would pave the way for China to become a fully-modernised socialist country. The policy has had a great influence on Chinese society. It has allowed China to accomplish in just four decades what took Western industrialised countries more than 200 years to achieve, breaking new ground in the history of human achievement. This ongoing journey is allowing China to share the fruits of its success and develop further alongside other countries. What's more, the Belt and Road Initiative will mean a new dawn for trade and investment between countries, leading into a new era of prosperity.
1 What is the passage about
China has entered into a new era since the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy and will continue to move forward.
2 Can you explain the meaning of the expressions in bold in your own words
pave the way: If something paves the way for/to something else, it makes the other thing possible.
have a great influence: the power to have an effect on people or things, or a person or thing that is able to do this
break new ground: to do or discover something new
share the fruits: to let others have the good results that you get from something such as hard work.
a new dawn: a new or fresh beginning, or a turning point that achieves as much
lead into a new era: to reach a period of time of which particular events or stages of development are typical
2
Complete the speech with the correct form of the expressions.
Dear friends,
Thank you for coming together to celebrate the first anniversary of Tech-Hub Business Park. It's great to see so many of you representing the many different companies that have made the park their professional home. What started as an idea by local entrepreneurs 1 _____________________ for this town to become known as a centre of technology and formed a solid basis for future business development.
Like everyone else in this town, we are proud that the Tech-Hub companies continue 2 _____________________ in technology. Such innovation will, without doubt, 3 ___________________ of technological discovery. What's more, it seems that Tech-Hub 4 ____________________ on local schools, with more students than ever applying to study Computer Science at university. Tech-Hub remains thankful to the community and promises 5 ____________________ of our success with the town.
Thank you!
pave the way have a great influence break new ground
share the fruits a new dawn lead into a new era
paved the way
breaking new ground
lead into a new era
has a great influence
to share the fruits
3
Listen to the interview and choose its purpose.
1 To find out what changes Shenzhen has undergone after the
introduction of the reform and opening-up policy.
2 To understand how people feel about the way life has changed
in Shenzhen this century.
3 To show what the first special economic zone looks like now.
4 To figure out how life is different for the older and younger
generations in Shenzhen.
4
Listen again and complete the interview record.
Answers:
1. more than 40 years
2. software engineer
3. surrounded by fields
4. busy streets and no traffic jams
5. fishing and farming
6. an international city
7. over 12 million people
8. was just like any other
9. New things
10. easier
12. opportunities and challenges
12. realise their dreams
Now talk about the changes in Shenzhen in your own words.
5
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview.
... has undergone rapid development... At that time...
... was only a small town... There's been a huge change!
It has developed into... with... Compared with the past, ...
In the past, ... But now...
... is a very special place. It's full of...
... is a place where...
Describing a place
Comparing and contrasting
At that time... There's been a huge change!
Compared with the past, ... In the past, ... But now...
... has undergone rapid development... ... was only a small town...
It has developed into... with... ... is a very special place. It's full of... ... is a place where...
6
Work in pairs. Describe the changes in your own home town using the expressions in this section.
Now think about how well you can use the language you have learnt to express yourself.
Example:
Developing: I can explain the Chinese meaning of these expressions.
Satisfactory: I can make simple sentences with these expressions.
Exemplary: I can express myself in clear, well-structured language,
describing the changes in my home town.
1. Talk about the changes in China under the reform
and opening-up policy.
2. Talk about some expressions about comparing and
contrasting, describing a place.
