(共12张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 2
Grammar
课 堂 学 习
Subject-verb agreement (1)
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened...
b The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers...
c ... people were coming together for memorial ceremonies.
1 In which sentence does the word “enemy” refer to different members Is it followed by a singular verb or plural verb
2 In which sentence does the word “enemy ” refer to a single unit Is it followed by a singular verb or plural verb Do you know any other similar nouns
3 Is the word “people” usually followed by a singular verb or plural verb Do you know any other similar nouns
In sentence (b), the word “enemy” refers to different members.
It is followed by a plural verb.
In sentence (a), the word “enemy” refers to a single unit.
It is followed by a singular verb.
Other similar nouns are family, team, class, crowd, government, etc.
The word “people” is usually followed by a plural verb.
Other similar nouns are police, cattle, etc.
Now look for more sentences following this rule in the reading passage, and summarise the use of subject-verb agreement in your own words.
1. But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening; Allied troops made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers.
2. The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
【语法讲解】
集体名词表示由个体组成的集体，指一群人或某一事物的总称。集体名词作主语时谓语的单复数问题，可以归纳为以下三类：
1）有的集体名词通常表示复数含义，作主语时谓语通常用复数形式，比如police，people，cattle等。
e.g. The police are searching for a tall dark man with a beard.
警察正在搜寻一个留着胡子、皮肤黝黑的高个子男人。
People are beginning to talk about her.
人们开始谈论她。
Cattle feed on grass.
牛以草为食。
2）有的集体名词通常只用作不可数名词，表示单数意义，用作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，比如clothing，poetry，luggage， furniture，machinery，scenery，jewellery，equipment等。
e.g. Our clothing protects us against the cold.
我们的衣服可以御寒。
All their luggage was stolen.
他们所有的行李都被偷了。
The furniture is convenient to move.
这家具搬起来很方便。
The scenery of this mountain area is beautiful, which has attracted many tourists.
这个山区的风景很美，吸引了许多游客。
3）有的集体名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数形式，也可用复数形式。若视为整体，谓语动词用单数形式；强调集体中的各个成员时，谓语动词用复数形式，比如family，team，class，crowd，government，club，committee，audience，public等。
e.g. Her family is a large one. 她的家庭是一个大家族。
Her family are all tall. 她的家人都很高。
The team is the best in the league. 这个队是联赛中最好的。
The football team are having baths. 足球队队员们正在洗澡。
在有些特定语境下，集体名词作主语时谓语动词用单数形式、复数形式均可。
e.g. The audience was (were) very excited by the show.
观众对演出甚感激动
The public has (have) a right to know what is in the report.
公众有权知道这篇报告的内容。
1 Government troop have put down the uprising. [ ]
2 The police is after him [ ]
3 The military are well-organised and prepared to fight. [ ]
4 All the machinery in this factory are made in the US. [ ]
5 The soldiers’ uniform look very smart. [ ]
6 The group was sent to rescue the missing pilot. [ ]
7 Politics are the study of the ways in which countries are governed.
[ ]
2
Correct any mistakes in these sentences or put a √ in the square brackets if they are correct.
are
√
is
uniforms
√
is
troops
3
Complete the film review with the correct form of the verbs in the brackets.
Saving Private Ryan is a film directed by Steven Spielberg. The two main characters are Captain John Miller, played by Tom Hanks, and Private James Ryan, played by Matt Damon.
James Ryan is the fourth son in his family to be sent to fight in the Second World War. The enemy 1_________ (kill) his three brothers. Their heart-broken mother receives the news about all her dead sons on the same day. The US Army 2_________ (decide) to find Ryan and bring him home. A group of men are sent into the French countryside to try to find the fourth brother. The rescue team 3_________ (be) led by Captain Miller, a hero and survivor of the Omaha Beach battle.
kills
decides
is
At the beginning of the film, the audience 4_________ (be) thrown into an incredible sequence of approximately 30 minutes, depicting the landings in Normandy. They see the full horror of war, and the chaos and senseless waste of life.
Saving Private Ryan is an unforgettable war film and, also, a story of courage and sacrifice. It’s my favourite film and my family 5_________(love) watching it, too. The message of the film is simple - we want peace; we don’t want war.
are
love
4
Write a short review of a film you have seen on the theme of war. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.
1. Talk about the use of subject-verb agreement.
2. Make some sentences with subject-verb agreement.(共12张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
新 课 导 入
Among the many horrors inflicted on humanity by the Second World War was the massive bombing of civilians, often referred to as “terror bombing”. The purpose of doing this was to destroy the morale of ordinary people and stop them from supporting the war effort. The Japanese used terror bombing in China, especially in Chongqing, which they bombed more than 200 times over the duration of five and a half years (1938-1943), killing thousands of Chinese civilians.
Did You Know
课 堂 学 习
1
Listen to the interview and answer the questions.
1 Who is being interviewed
2 What is the relationship between the two interviewees
3 What are they talking about
Gao Li and Gao Ming.
Brother and sister.
They are talking about the five-year terror bombing campaign by Japanese forces in Chongqing during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
2
Listen again and complete the interviewer’s notes.
First memories of the Chongqing bombing
Gao Li: 1 ____________ years old; remembers the house 2 ____________ and saw 3 ____________
Gao Ming: 4 ____________ years old; the first thing he remembers was 5 ____________; went out on the street 6 ____________; first felt fascinated then 7 ____________
The most terrible experience
Gao Li: happened on 8 ____________; stayed in 9 ____________ and waited for
10 ____________ in there; house destroyed and 11 ____________ killed.
Influence of bombing
Gao Ming: felt sad but bombing didn’t destroy 12 ____________
Gao Li: 13 ____________ soldiers went to the front; Chongqing became known as
the 14 ____________
Remembrance today
Gao Ming: the air raid warning mourns 15 ____________, and reminds us to 16
____________
Answers:
1 eight / 8 2 shook
3 fires in the distance 4 eleven / 11
5 the bombing planes 6 to watch
7 scared 8 5 June 1941
9 the basement 10 five hours
11 over 4,000 people 12 our fighting spirit
13 around 960,000 of the city’s 14 “city of heroes”
15 those we lost 16 cherish the peace we enjoy today
3
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview.
I remember... I can only imagine how it must have felt. I feel sad for...
That must be terrible for... I’ll never forget...
The first thing I remember was... I’m sorry to hear that.
Talking about memories
Expressing sympathy
I can only imagine how it must have felt.
I feel sad for...
That must be terrible for...
I’m sorry to hear that.
I remember...
I’ll never forget...
The first thing I remember was...
4
Read the introduction to UN peacekeeping and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
The cruelty of war is reason enough to do everything we can to prevent it. This is the motivation behind the United Nation’s many peacekeeping missions. Peacekeepers monitor the peace process in areas that have experienced friction and civil wars, making sure that previously warring parties keep to their agreements. They work to disarm combatants and to secure weapons and ammunition, removing them from use. These measures aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority. China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8,000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions. Chinese peacekeeping forces are highly-valued in conflict zones and have received praise for their professionalism.
1 What is the significance of UN peacekeeping missions
2 What role is China playing in UN peacekeeping
UN peacekeeping missions aim to give stability to conflict zones and allow governments to reestablish authority.
China is playing an increasingly important role in UN peacekeeping and it has trained 8,000 troops who are kept on standby for UN missions.
5
Complete the fact file about UN’s peacekeeping mission in Liberia with the correct form of the words and expressions.
Why we came
Liberia suffered two 1_________________ from 1989 to 2003, causing half the population to flee their homes, and the economy to collapse.
We carried out this 2__________________ to monitor the 3_________________ in Liberia.
What we did
We stabilised the 4_________________ by:
disarming combatants
securing weapons and ammunition
Why we are leaving
The professionalism of our 5_________________ has stabilised the situation. Government authority has been 6_________________.
peacekeeping mission peace process friction civil wars warring parties conflict zones reestablish authority kept on standby peacekeeping forces
civil wars
peacekeeping mission
peace process
peace process
peacekeeping forces
reestablished
6
Work in pairs. Find out about someone’s experiences in war. Act out an interview based on the information you have found. Use the words and expressions in this section.
Now think about your performance in this activity. How did you collect useful information Share your experience with the class.
1. Talk about some expressions about expressing
sympathy and talking about memories.
2. Talk about someone’s experiences in war.(共24张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 4
Reading
新 课 导 入
1
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 What kind of university do you think it is
What do you know about it
2 How is it different from today’s universities
课 堂 学 习
Now read the passage and find out what is so special about Lianda.
LIANDA:
A PLACE OF PASSION, BELIEF AND COMMITMENT
1 Throughout history, the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as being like “war”. However, for most of them, the “war” has been purely symbolic. Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges.
2 In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to China's three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops, while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing. To save their educational and intellectual heritage, the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University, otherwise known as Lianda.
3 Professors and students alike in the three universities made an epic journey over a distance of more than 2,000 kilometres, most of them on foot. Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China. They had to live in rough buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines. There were dire shortages of food, books, and equipment. Furthermore, classes were frequently disrupted due to fierce air attacks and often had to be held before 10 am and after 4 pm.
4 However, despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda. It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. “Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made,” Yang recalled. He still remembers learning in a temporary classroom that had no glass in the windows. “On windy days, we had to hold down the paper on the desk, which would otherwise be blown away,” he said.
5 With the country at war, students at Lianda were not going to shirk their duty. Driven by a sense of commitment, a great many joined the army to resist the Japanese invaders and defend the honour of the nation. In fact, Lianda provided the largest number of student-soldiers from any campus in China. Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters, one tenth were from Lianda, including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong. Zha later depicted the contributions of his peers in a poem:
Softly, on the hillside forgotten by all,
A misty rain falls in a gentle breeze;
There is no trace of the footprints of history;
Where brave souls once stood, breathing new life into the trees.
6 A product of the war, Lianda is now physically gone. But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students, but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. In 2017, representatives from Peking University, Tsinghua University, Nankai University and Yunnan Normal University gathered to commemorate the 80th anniversary of its founding.
7 More than eighty years on, the priceless contribution of Lianda still needs to be reaffirmed. It has become part of the collective memory of the Chinese nation, with its spirit as the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.
Read the passage quickly, then divide the passage into parts and get each part's main idea.
Paragraph 1:
Paragraph 2:
Paragraphs 3-5:
Paragraphs 6-7:
Introduce the topic: What is real war
The background information of Lianda
The tough conditions of Lianda in living and study as well as its contributions during the war
The crowning glory Lianda has achieved
2
Choose the ideas that are conveyed in the passage. Find evidence to support your choices.
1 Lianda was the best university in Chinese history.
2 The story of Lianda shows Chinese intellectuals’ academic pursuit and patriotism.
3 Only under difficult circumstances can students succeed.
4 Lianda has nurtured many outstanding scholars.
5 Lianda was a great success only because it had prominent professors and talented students.
6 People today still admire the spirit of Lianda.
3
Find out what figures of speech are used in the sentences and discuss how they help to express the author’s emotions.
1 Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, ...
2 They had to live in rough buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines.
Learning to learn
Similes and metaphors are two commonly used, but easy to confuse, figures of speech. Similes compare and show similarities in typically different things. Similes usually use connecting words such as like, as, so and resemble. For example, He is as cool as a cucumber. Unlike similes, metaphors make direct comparisons without using connecting words. For example, She has a heart of a lion.
1 metaphor
2 simile
Think Share
1 What difficulties did the professors and students of Lianda encounter
How did they deal with these
2 What is your understanding of the poem written by Zha Liangzheng
3 What contribution did Lianda make to the education of the nation
4 In what ways is the theme of war and peace presented differently in the two reading passages in this unit
1 They had to travel a long distance to reach Lianda. Throughout the journey, they had no accommodation and had to survive extreme conditions. Also, the conditions in Lianda itself were very harsh. They did not have enough food and studied in rough buildings. Furthermore, their study was often interrupted by air attacks. They had to adapt to these challenges, for instance, by holding their classes when they were not likely to be bombed.
3 Many of China’s leading scholars and scientists came from Lianda, including two Nobel Prize winners. Lianda’s spirit has become the blueprint for all universities in China in the modern era.
4 The passage on the D-Day landings focuses on war as a military operation, and on how dead soldiers are memorialised. The passage on Lianda focuses on how war affected China’s students and academics, and how they were able to achieve excellence in spite of the great difficulties.
4
Work in groups. Give a talk about the spirit of Lianda.
1 Discuss the questions below.
How can you describe the spirit of Lianda
What examples support your ideas
What can you learn from the story of Lianda
2 Complete the diagram with your ideas and the examples that support them.
3 Give your talk to the class.
Lianda Spirit:_______ Supporting evidence:___
Spirit:_______ Supporting evidence:___
...
Now think about your performance in this activity. Did you actively participate and contribute ideas
Language points
1. Throughout history, the great thinkers of the world have often rather romantically referred to their academic struggles as being like “war”.
纵观历史，世界上伟大的思想家们常常以一种浪漫的说法把他们的学术之争比喻为“战争”。
refer to 参考；涉及；指的是；适用于；查阅；提到
refer to ... as ... 把……称做……；把……当作……
e.g. We refer to Jack as a bookworm。
我们称杰克为书虫。
2. Real war is never romantic as it brings suffering and immense challenges.
真正的战争从来不是浪漫的，因为它会带来痛苦和巨大的挑战。
as引导原因状语从句。
3. In 1937, the aggression of the Japanese army brought disaster to China's three great universities: Peking University and Tsinghua University were occupied by Japanese troops, while Nankai University was completely destroyed by bombing.
1937年，日军的侵略给中国三所著名大学带来了灾难：北京大学
和清华大学被日本军队占领，南开大学被彻底炸毁。
(1) be occupied by 被……占据/占有/占领
e.g. During the war their lands were occupied by the enemy.
战争期间他们的土地被敌人占领了。
(2) while引导时间状语从句；be destroyed by 被……摧毁/毁坏。
e.g. The city was destroyed by foreign invaders.
这座城市被外国侵略者毁坏了。
4. To save their educational and intellectual heritage, the three universities joined together in Kunming as National Southwest Associated University, otherwise known as Lianda. 为了保护教育和知识遗产，这三所大学在昆明联合成立了国立西南联合大学，简称联大。
动词不定式作目的状语。
5. Their bed was the dusty road and their roof was the open sky, often lit up by exploding Japanese bombs. 他们以尘土飞扬的道路为床，以开阔的、经常被日军的炸弹照亮的天空为屋顶。
本句运用了暗喻的修辞手法，描写赶往联大的教授和学生在途中 “以天为盖，以地为庐”的艰苦条件。
6. Conditions were little better once they reached the remote and mountainous south-west part of China.
到了中国西南部的偏远山区后，情况也没有好多少。
once引导时间状语从句；
7. They had to live in rough buildings, packed 40 to a room, like sardines.
他们不得不住在简陋的房子里，40个人像沙丁鱼一样挤在一间屋子里。
(1) 本句运用了明喻的修辞手法，描写联大的居住环境之恶劣。
(2) pack 意为“塞满，挤满”。
e.g. The sheep had been packed into a truck and transported without food or water. 那些羊被塞入一辆卡车运走，不给吃也不给喝。
8. However, despite the immense hardships and the daunting challenges, it was right in this place, over a period of eight long years, that the nation's intellectual heritage was not only guarded but fortified by the passion and belief of the worthy academics of Lianda.
然而，尽管面临着巨大的困难和艰巨的挑战，在这个地方，经过八年漫长的岁月，国家的知识遗产不仅得到了保护，还得到了强化，这些都归功于联大杰出学者们的热情和信念。
(1) despite ... challenges为介词短语作让步状语；
(2) it was...that为强调句，强调地点状语in this place；
(3) not only ... but (also) ... 不仅……而且……
9. It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China's leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao.
难怪即使不是大多数，但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身，包括两位诺贝尔奖得主，物理学家杨振宁和李政道。
It为形式主语，that引导主语从句，if not most作插入语。
10. “Lianda laid the foundation for every achievement I have made,” Yang recalled.
“联大为我所取得的每项成就奠定了基础。”杨振宁回忆道。
“I have made”为定语从句修饰先行词achievement。
11. He still remembers learning in a temporary classroom that had no glass in the windows.
他还记得在一间窗户没有玻璃的临时教室里学习。
(1) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
e.g. I vaguely remember hearing him come in.
我隐约记得听到他进来。
(2) that引导定语从句修饰先行词classroom。
12. “On windy days, we had to hold down the paper on the desk, which would otherwise be blown away,” he said. “在刮风的日子里，我们不得不把纸按在桌子上，否则纸就会被风吹走。”他说。
(1) hold down 压制；限制；保住
e.g. He never could hold down a job. 他从来就保不住自己的工作。
(2) which引导非限制定语从句。
13. Of the thousands of college students from all over China who served as interpreters, one tenth were from Lianda, including the well-known translators Zha Liangzheng and Xu Yuanchong.
在来自全国各地担任翻译的数千名大学生中，有十分之一的人来自联大，其中包括著名的翻译家查良铮和许渊冲。
who引导定语从句修饰先行词students。
14. A product of the war, Lianda is now physically gone. But it has become the crowning glory of China's modern universities, not only because of its prominent professors and talented students, but also because of the school's strong spirit of perseverance and dedication. 作为战争的产物，联大现在已经不复存在。但它已经成为了中国现代大学的最高荣耀，这不仅仅是因为那些杰出的教授和才华横溢的学生，也因为联大坚韧不拔和勇于奉献的精神。
(1) physically 表示有形的存在，spirit表示精神上的存在，这两个词相呼应，突出了联大和联大精神对于当今大学的影响。
(2) crowning意为“使圆满的，使完美的”，crowning glory突出了联大无上光荣的地位。
e.g. The hotel’s crowning glory was a stunning roof garden.
这家酒店的点睛之笔是那座令人惊叹的屋顶花园。
Retelling LIANDA: A PLACE OF PASSION, BELIEF AND COMMITMENT
Paragraph 1:
Paragraph 2:
Paragraphs 3-5:
Paragraphs 6-7:
Introduce the topic: What is real war
The background information of Lianda
The tough conditions of Lianda in living and study as well as its contributions during the war
The crowning glory Lianda has achieved(共28张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas
课 堂 学 习
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 Which wars are discussed in the video
2 What was the deadliest conflict in human history
How many people were killed
1
Starting out
1 Which wars are discussed in the video
2 What was the deadliest conflict in human history
How many people were killed
The First World War and the Second World War are discussed in the video.
The Second World War was the deadliest conflict in human history. Around 60 million people were killed.
Read the quotes about the war and answer the questions.
2
1 What is your understanding of the quotes
2 Which of the quotes helps you to better understand the nature of war Give your reasons.
3 What is your opinion on war Come up with three words or expressions to help express your opinion.
1
Look at the picture and the map and answer the questions.
Understanding ideas
1 What do you think the picture and the map show
2 What do you expect to read about in the passage
Share your ideas with the class.
Now read the passage and check your prediction.
The D-DAY LANDINGS
1 By spring 1944, the Second World War had been raging across the globe for about five years. But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening; Allied troops made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers. This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning. Code-named “Operation Overlord”, it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation. After waiting for the perfect combination of weather, moon and tides, the date for the start of Operation Overlord was set for 6 June.
2 An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower to the troops read: “Your task will not be an easy one. Your enemy is well trained, well equipped and battle-hardened... But this is the year 1944... The tide has turned! The free men of the world are marching together to Victory! I have full confidence in your courage, devotion to duty and skill in battle. We will accept nothing less than full Victory!”
3 With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. At dawn on 6 June, thousands landed by parachute behind enemy lines in northern France. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them. Their objective was clear: to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline. But even in the depths of war, few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there.
4 The fiercest fighting was at Omaha Beach. The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. By mid-morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him: “I was the first one out. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit. All the ones in between were hit. Two were killed; three were injured. That's how lucky you had to be.”
5 But, despite the high cost in human life, the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War. By the end of August 1944, the Allies had reached the River Seine, Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from north-west France. The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
6 Seventy years Later, men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies. As part of this solemn and moving occasion, a former soldier read out to the crowd these lines from the poem For the Fallen, by Laurence Binyon:
They shall grow not old, as we that are left grow old:
Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn.
At the going down of the sun and in the morning
We will remember them.
7 Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day. Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them - as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France.
Match the main ideas to the paragraphs and give your reasons.
2
Fast reading
The outcome of the operation
The background information of the operation
The severe casualties on Omaha Beach
The everlasting memory of the soldiers’ brave actions
The initial stage of the operation
The order issued by the Supreme Allied Commander before the operation
The 70th anniversary of the D-Day landings
5
1
7
3
2
6
4
Careful reading
Organise information from the passage and complete the fact file.
3
Answers:
1 6 June 1944
2 the Normandy beaches
3 to reach the Normandy beaches along about 80 kilometres of French coastline
4 General Eisenhower
5 gathered in large numbers
6 the Normandy landings (Operation Overlord)
7 the English Channel to Normandy
8 lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach
9 were removed from north-west France
10 despite the high cost in human life, the D-Day landings were a success and were seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War
Now think about how the author of the passage presents historical facts to a powerful effect.
1 What is the historical significance of the D-Day landings
2 What is your understanding of the poem For the Fallen
3 How can you use the language you have learnt to describe another event during the Second World War Share your ideas with the class.
Think & Share
1 What is the historical significance of the D-Day landings
2 What is your understanding of the poem For the Fallen
3 How can you use the language you have learnt to describe another event during the Second World War Share your ideas with the class.
The D-Day landings were the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history. The operation was seen widely as the beginning of the end of the Second World War.
1. But along the south coast of England, something unusual was happening; Allied troops made up mainly of British, Canadian and American soldiers were gathering in large numbers. 但是在英格兰的南部海岸正发生着不寻常的事情：由英国、加拿大和美国士兵组成的盟军正在大量聚集。
(1) “made up ... American soldiers”作后置定语修饰troops
(2) be made up of 由……组成/构成
e.g. The whole of creation is made up of energy.
全宇宙是由能量构成的。
2. This marked one of the final stages of a top-secret operation that had been months, perhaps years, in the planning. 这标志着一场计划了数月，甚至可能是数年的绝密行动终于进入了最后阶段。
that引导定语从句，修饰先行词operation。
Language points
3. Code-named “Operation Overlord”, it was the largest combined sea, air and land operation in history, the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation. 这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。
(1) 过去分词短语code-named “Operation Overlord”作状语；独立主格结构the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation作状语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语需与主句主语保持一致。若不一致，非谓语动词形式需另带主语，从而构成复合结构的形式作状语，这种结构称为“独立主格结构”。
(2) free...from... 使……摆脱……
e.g. All the victims have now been freed from the wreckage.
已从废墟中救出所有受害者。
4. An order issued by Supreme Allied Commander General Eisenhower
to the troops read: ...
盟军最高指挥官艾森豪威尔将军向部队发布的命令写道：……
(1) 过去分词短语“issued by ... the troops”作后置定语，修饰order。
(2) commander n. 指挥官；长官 command v. 命令
e.g. Before his retirement from the navy, he was a commander.
他从海军退役之前，是一名指挥官。
【词汇拓展】
under the command of sb. =under one’s command
由……指挥,由……控制
at sb.’s command 听某人支配 be in command of... 控制……
take command of... 控制……
have a command of...了解/掌握……
command sb. to do . 命令某人做某事
command that ... (should) do 命令……
5. With these words ringing in their ears, Allied soldiers prepared for what would become known as D-Day. 这些话在他们耳边回响，盟军士兵为后来被称为登陆诺曼底日做好了准备。
(1) “With these words ringing in their ears”为with sth. doing sth.
的复合结构；what引导宾语从句。
(2) ring in one’s ears 在耳边回响
e.g. He left Washington with the president’s praises ringing in
his ears. 他离开了华盛顿，总统的赞扬还在他耳际回响。
6. Meanwhile, thousands more were journeying across the English Channel to Normandy, protected by fighter planes in the skies above them. 与此同时，更有数千名士兵在战斗机的保护下，穿越英吉利海峡，在诺曼底登陆。
过去分词短语“protected by ... above them”作伴随状语。
7. But even in the depths of war, few could have been prepared for the violence and horror they would experience there. 但就算是深陷战争，也很少有人能够做好准备，面临即将发生的残暴和恐怖。
“they would experience there”为定语从句修饰“violence and horror”。
8. The enemy were hiding, ready to attack the Allied soldiers even before they reached land. 敌人藏身于各个地方，准备在盟军登陆前就开始进攻。
even before引导时间状语从句
9. Boats were hit and men drowned, while those who did make it to the beach faced heavy machine gunfire. 船被击翻，一些人落水而亡，而那些成功登陆的人面对的则是机关枪的猛烈扫射。
(1) while连接并列句，表示转折和对比。
(2) who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。
(3) make it是动词短语，表示“成功；赶上；做成或完成某事” 。
e.g. You needn’t worry; he will make it. 你不必担心，他会办成的。
【词汇拓展】
forget it 算了；罢了；休想；不必在意
take it easy 从容；松懈；不紧张
can’t help it 没办法，只好这样了，无能为力
believe it or not 信不信由你
as it is 事实上；像现在这样
it’s up to sb. 由……决定，由……负责，取决于……
10. By mid-morning, hundreds lay dead in the water and amongst the tanks on the beach. 上午10点左右已有上百人在水中或在海滩上的坦克之间阵亡。
(1) 本句刻画了战争的惨烈场面。
(2) lie在句中用作系动词，意为“躺，平卧”，其后可接形容词作表语。
e.g. She would lie awake worrying. 她会担忧得无法入睡。
11. One soldier recalled how he barely made it with bombs falling all around him: ...
一名士兵事后回忆他是如何在轰炸中侥幸脱险的：……
how引导宾语从句。
12. The seventh man was the next one to get across the beach without being hit. 第七个冲出来的士兵是第二个穿过海滩没有被击中的。
get across 通过；使理解，表达清楚；被传达
e.g. Officers felt their point of view was not getting across to the people.
官员们感觉自己的观点并未传达到人们那里。
【词汇拓展】
get along/on with 与……相处；进展
get in touch with 与……取得联系
get over 克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来
get rid of 摆脱；除掉
get through 完成；接通电话；通过
get down to 记下；开始
get away with 干……而不受惩罚
13. That's how lucky you had to be.
真的是要有天大的幸运才能躲过这一劫。
how引导表语从句。
14. The Allied forces then prepared to enter Germany, where they would meet up with the Soviet military moving in from the east.
之后盟军准备进攻德国，而苏联军队也正从德国东部攻入，两军相遇。
(1) force n. 暴力，武力；力，力量；自然力；武装部队；
警察部门；
v. 强迫；用力推；
air force 空军 by force 强迫地；靠武力；凭借暴力
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
force sb. into doing sth. 强迫某人做某事
(2) where引导非限制性定语从句。
15. Seventy years later, men who had fought on D-Day gathered on both sides of the English Channel, where people were coming together for memorial ceremonies. 70年后，曾在诺曼底登陆中奋战的将士聚集在英吉利海峡两岸，人们共同参加纪念仪式。
who引导定语从句，修饰先行词men；where引导非限制性定语从句。
16. Survivors of the D-Day landings continue to meet to remember the fellow soldiers and friends they lost that day. 诺曼底登陆的幸存者每年都会相聚并纪念他们在登陆那天失去的战友和朋友。
“they lost that day”为定语从句，修饰先行词soldiers and friends。
17. Although each year they are fewer in number, their outstanding acts of courage mean that we will always remember them - as well as those who lost their lives on the beaches of northern France. 虽然每年相聚的人越来越少，但他们的英勇壮举将会让我们永远铭记他们，以及那些在法国北部海滩上阵亡的士兵。
Although引导让步状语从句，that引导宾语从句，who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。
Retelling The D-DAY LANDINGS
The background information of the operation
The order issued by the Supreme Allied Commander before the operation
The initial stage of the operation
The severe casualties on Omaha Beach
The outcome of the operation
The 70th anniversary of the D-Day landings
The everlasting memory of the soldiers’ brave actions(共13张PPT)
Unit 3
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
新 课 导 入
What do you know about Yang Jingyu
课 堂 学 习
1
Read the introduction to Yang Jingyu and answer the questions.
Yang Jingyu, an anti-Japanese hero, was born in Henan Province in 1905. He joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1927. In 1937 Yang became leader of the North-east Anti-Japanese United Army and fought a guerrilla war against the Japanese invaders.
In 1938, the Japanese army offered a large sum of money for Yang’s head and a large number of troops surrounded his men. In early 1940, facing a critical lack of supplies, Yang decided to let his men break through in small groups, but his own section of 60 men was betrayed to the Japanese. After these men were killed, Yang fought on alone for five days. He was eventually tracked down on 23 February by a large unit of Japanese troops. He killed more than 20 Japanese soldiers before dying in a hail of machine gunfire. When the Japanese cut open his body, they discovered only tree bark, cotton and grass roots, but not a single grain of rice in his stomach.
Yang’s death was a huge blow to his loyal troops, but they turned sorrow into anger and continued to fight fiercely against the invaders. After the People’s Republic of China (PRC) was established, Yang was reburied with full military honours, in Tonghua, Jilin Province.
1 Who was Yang Jingyu
2 Why did Yang decide to let small groups of his men break through the encirclement
3 What did the Japanese find when they killed Yang
4 How would you describe Yang’s spirit in your own words
Yang Jingyu was an anti-Japanese hero, who died in a fight against Japanese troops.
Because at that time there was a critical lack of supplies.
They found only tree bark, cotton and grass roots, instead of rice in his stomach.
structure and content of the passage
Paragraph 1 Name of the person and background information
Paragraph 2 Yang Jingyu's major events (in order)
Introduction
Main body
Paragraph 3 The author's opinion of Yang Jingyu
Conclusion
2
Work in groups. Talk about other war heroes and choose one to write about. Organise your ideas by completing the notes below. Do more research if necessary.
Introduction Main body Conclusion
Name of the person: ________________ Background information: ________________________________ Major events (in order): _______________________________________________________________________________________________ Your opinion of this person:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now write an introduction to the war hero you chose.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3
Make improvements to each other’s writings and share them with the class.
Sample:
Dong Cunrui was born into a poor peasant family in Huailai County, Hebei Province on 15 October 1929. In 1945 he joined the Eighth Route Army and in March 1947 he joined the Communist Party of China.
On 25 May 1948, the battle for the liberation of Longhua began, and the soldiers of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) flooded towards Longhua Middle School, the headquarters of the enemy. Six jets of fire from a bridge blocked the path of the PLA troops. The bridge was a fortress built by the enemy, and the PLA troops were stuck under a small slope. At the
critical moment, they needed a soldier to blow up the bridge and open a new road for the whole army. “Captain, let me blow it up!” Dong Cunrui said, and his request was granted. Under the cover of another soldier, he rushed to the bridge, but could not find a place to put the explosives. Dong Cunrui then lifted the explosives in his left hand, lit the blasting fuse and blew up the enemy's fortress. In doing so, he died a hero.
The story of Dong Cunrui, who gave his life to create a way forward, has been told all over China until today, and has inspired thousands of young people to make sacrifices in defence of our country’s and people’s interests.
4
Work in groups. Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 What can you see in each picture
2 What do the pictures tell you about war
In picture one, a distressed child is crying in front of a destroyed building. In picture two, a dead or injured soldier is carried away by his comrades. In picture three, there are many graves of the dead.
5
Think about the topics and complete the table. Add examples or details to support your points. Do more research if necessary.
Why people go to war
Effects of war on people
How we can maintain peace around the world
6
Prepare a short presentation on one of the topics from Activity 2 or think of another relevant topic. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your presentation
2 useful words, expressions and structures
7
Give your presentation to the class.
1. How can we write about a war hero
2. What are your opinions about war and peace
