(共15张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
新 课 导 入
What do you know about The Picture of Dorian Gray
课 堂 学 习
1
Read the introduction to the novel and answer the questions.
The Picture of Dorian Gray
This book by Oscar Wilde tells the story of Dorian Gray, a very handsome young man who spends his life only concerned with his own pleasure, regardless of the suffering he brings to others.
The story starts with young Dorian having his portrait painted. His friend Lord Wotton talks about beauty and pleasure being the only important things in life. Fascinated by his words, Dorian wishes he could remain young and good-looking always, with his portrait growing old instead of him.
Soon afterwards, Dorian is surprised to find his wish has come true, after he meets Sybil, an innocent actress who falls in love with him. Dorian heartlessly abandons her just because she performs poorly one night. When he learns that Sybil has killed herself, Dorian finds his face in the painting has taken on a cruel look.
He hides the painting away so that no one else may see it. For the next 18 years, Dorian engages in various evil deeds. His portrait ages and reveals his inner ugliness. One day, he suddenly comes to be fearful of his past crimes and wants to start a new life. But his portrait remains the same and reminds him of everything he has done. Feeling desperate, he tries to destroy the portrait with a knife, but it is he who is killed. His body is discovered, old and awful, while his portrait is young and handsome once again.
In the story, what matters most to Dorian Gray is that he is good-looking, not that he has a good heart. He sacrifices his true self in pursuit of physical beauty and pleasure, which leads to his destruction in the end.
1 What kind of person is Dorian Gray
2 What message do you think the novel conveys
Dorian Gray is handsome, but selfless, cruel, heartless, dangerous, poisonous, stupid, vulgar, and immoral.
The message conveys that outside beauty sometimes will not stand for the real beauty, and that maybe beneath it hides something ugly.
content of the passage
Paragraph 1
Paragraphs 2-4
General introduction
Plot
Paragraph 5
Central theme
2
Choose another literary work with a focus on physical appearances and personal qualities, such as The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, and complete the notes.
General introduction:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Plot:
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Central theme(s):
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Now write about this literary work based on your notes.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s introductions and share them with the class.
Sample:
Jane Eyre
Jane Eyre, written by Charlotte Bront and first published in 1847, tells the timeless story of the love between a poor young governess and a rich and mysterious gentleman.
After leaving the orphanage where she has spent most of her childhood, Jane Eyre goes to work as the governess of the daughter of a wealthy but troubled landowner. As she comes to know the great house and the people who live and work within it, Jane begins to uncover the secret responsible for Rochester’s temper and reticence. They fall in love, but just when their happily ever after seems to be in sight, that secret threatens to tear them apart.
Jane Eyre looks at how people should not be underestimated because of the way they look – Jane might be small and plain, but she is also strong, courageous and independent. Although she is a woman and from a lower social class than Rochester, she wants to prove herself his equal in spirit.
4
Work in groups. Read the quote and discuss the questions.
A human being should be entirely beautiful: the face, the clothes, the mind, the thoughts.
From Uncle Vanya by Anton Pavlovich Chekhov
1 What is your understanding of the quote
2 What is your definition of “true beauty”
3 What qualities should a “beautiful person” have
5
Think of someone you want to recommend as “the most beautiful person you know”. Choose someone you know and complete the table.
Name
Description of him / her Appearance:
Personality:
Reasons to recommend him / her
6
Work in groups. Discuss who is “the most beautiful person you know” and agree on the best candidate. Use the information in Activity 5 to help you.
7
Prepare a short presentation. Consider the following:
1 the structure of your presentation
2 useful words, expressions and structures
8
Give your presentation and recommend your candidate to the class. Vote for the best presentation.
1. How can we write a literary work
2. Talk about “the most beautiful person you know”.(共33张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas
课 堂 学 习
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 How many kinds of Peking Opera masks are mentioned
in the video What do they represent
2 Which Peking Opera mask most suits your personality
Why
1
Starting out
1 How many kinds of Peking Opera masks are mentioned in the video
What do they represent
2 Which Peking Opera mask most suits your personality Why
Six. A red mask represents a hero with positive characteristics such as honesty and loyalty. A black mask represents a bold but rough character, who is serious, fair and selfless. A blue mask represents a character who is upright and brave in the face of challenges. A yellow mask represents a fierce character. A white mask represents a character who is disloyal, clever and aims to do harm. Xiaohualian, a black and white mask painted on and round the actor’s nose, represents a character who is funny and entertaining, and who easily wins the audience’s affection.
I think the black mask most suits my personality, because I'm a serious, fair and selfless man.
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
2
1 What can you see in the three pictures
2 What does each of the pictures tell you about the characters
3 What can you learn from the pictures
1 What can you see in the three pictures
2 What does each of the pictures tell you about the characters
3 What can you learn from the pictures
In the first picture, there are four yellow ducklings standing together, one grey duckling standing alone and a swan flying in the sky. In the second picture, there is a tiger who is smelling a red flower. In the third picture, there is a cat who is looking in the mirror and imagining itself as a lion.
In the first picture, the grey duckling may feel lonely and different, and unfairly left out by the other ducklings because of the way it looks. Perhaps it dreams of becoming a beautiful and graceful swan one day.
In the second picture, the tiger looks gentle, sweet and thoughtful, showing its delicate and vulnerable side. In the third picture, even though the cat is small, it sees itself as being strong and powerful, like a lion.
Don’t judge someone by their appearance, but look beyond it to find their inner beauty. It’s okay to show your vulnerable side sometimes. Don’t let the way you look stop you from achieving your dreams and ambitions.
1
Read the facts about how satisfied people around the world are with their personal looks and answer the questions.
Understanding ideas
Over half of people are fairly satisfied or completely satisfied with their appearances.
Teenagers are almost as satisfied with their looks as older generations.
Men and women are almost equal in terms of how satisfied they are.
People in Latin American countries are the happiest with their looks.
Japanese people are the most self-critical, with over one in ten “not at all satisfied.”
1 Do you find any of the facts surprising Why
2 Do you think one’s appearance is important Why
2
Read the passage and find out what attitude each person has towards their looks.
“Me”. It’s a small word with big meaning, and that meaning is as individual to each of us as the way we look. Through interviews, I was able to discover what “me” means to other people, and how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves.
Psychologist, Dr Hart
It’s all about ME!
Jade, 24, accounting manager
1 As a song in Ugly Betty puts it, “It’s a pretty person’s world”. I understand this more than most, as I have always been plain-looking. I’m a girl who’d love to look good. Well, who wouldn’t So, ever since I discovered selfie apps that could remove my freckles, enlarge my eyes and even slim my jawline, I have become addicted. I spend hours every day editing my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments. Each “like” boosts my confidence. Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone, so who cares
Dr Hart says:
2 Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self-confidence and a desire for attention. However, the image Jade presents to obtain the praise of others is false. People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
Anthony, 21, college student
3 I never really cared about my appearance. That’s why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning. I only used to have five identical pairs of trousers and five identical shirts. When I first moved into my dormitory at college, this made my roommates quite confused as they saw me in the same clothes day after day. Last month they registered me for a TV programme, A New You. It felt bizarre at first. I didn’t like being reviewed from head to toe. But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover! For the first time in my life I saw myself as a handsome and well-presented young man. At that moment, I perceived that external beauty isn’t totally worthless. It can be an expression of our personalities, helping us make a good and positive impression on others.
Dr Hart says:
4 It’s true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked. It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence.
Emma, 17, senior high school student
5 Ever since I was little, I’ve been larger than other girls. For a long time, this really bothered me. People would stare at me because I was “big” and I hated the way I looked. My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight, including dieting and weight-loss pills, but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health. Everything changed when one day I came across the success story of a plus-size model, Tess Holliday. Although she’s larger than most other models, she’s really attractive and has the confidence to be herself - even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes. Her story changed my ideas about what it means to be beautiful. I realised that my health, mental and physical, is the most important thing. Now I exercise a couple of times a week but just to keep fit. I mean, isn’t it better that I’m large and happy, instead of skinny and unhealthy
Dr Hart says:
6 I completely agree with Emma - being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty with confidence. What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good heath not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too!
Read the passage and find out what attitude each person has towards their looks.
Jade is too obsessed with selfie apps, editing and posting selfies for hours every day, which shows that she craves others’ attention to make up for her lack of confidence towards her look.
Although Anthony used to not care about his appearance, his attitude changed after a makeover experience. He realised that there is value in making an effort with the way you present yourself.
Emma had always been ashamed of being larger than other girls, until she came to realise that mental and physical health is more beautiful and important than being skinny and unhealthy, and that confidence itself is attractive.
Skimming
Choose the purpose of the passage and give your reasons.
3
Scanning
1. To persuade people to edit their photos less.
2. To prove that external beauty is not the most important thing.
3. To show the true meaning of beauty.
4. To warn readers about the physical dangers of losing weight.
Careful reading
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
4
Answers:
1 look good in my selfies
2 addicted to editing and posting my selfies, and checking my phone for comments
3 boost my confidence
4 Jade's obsession with online photo editing shows her lack of confidence and need for other people's attention, but the image she presents to obtain the praise of others is not the real one. People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
5 how good I looked after the makeover
6 external beauty isn't totally worthless
7 External beauty is also important because making an effort with the image we present to the world can help us to make a positive first impression on others and boost our confidence.
8 pain and poor health
9 showed me that it is possible to be attractive and confident even if you are large
10 my health, mental and physical, is the most important thing
11 Good health is beautiful and makes us happier and more confident.
Now talk about which story or comment makes the greatest impression on you and give your reasons.
1 Do you agree that “It’s a pretty person’s world” Why
2 Has your understanding of the importance of appearance changed after
reading the passage
3 In addition to those mentioned in the passage, what other ways do you
think can make you become a better person
4 Have you encountered any difficulties in understanding the main idea
of this passage Share them with the class and ask for advice.
Think & Share
1. Men and women are almost equal in terms of how satisfied they are.
就他们的满意度而言，男人和女人几乎是平等的。
in terms of是介词短语，表示“用……的话；按照，从……方面来说”，相当于according to。terms之前不可加定冠词the。
e.g. In terms of money, he's quite rich, but not in terms of happiness.
就金钱来说他很富有，但就幸福来说就不然了。
【词汇拓展】
in the long/short/medium term 长/短/中期内
come to terms 达成协议，谈判成功
come to terms with 妥协，接受；适应
on good/bad terms with 与……关系好/不好
Language points
2. It’s a small word with big meaning, and that meaning is as individual to each of us as the way we look. 一个意义重大的小词，它的意义就像我们每个人的长相一样，因人而异。
“we look”为定语从句修饰先行词the way。
3. Through interviews, I was able to discover what “me” means to other people, and how they have learnt to appreciate the beauty in themselves. 通过采访，我能够发现“我”对其他人意味着什么，以及他们如何学会欣赏自己的美。
本句为主从复合句。what引导宾语从句，what在从句中作means的宾语；how引导宾语从句；and为并列连词，连接what和how引导的宾语从句。
4. I understand this more than most, as I have always been plain-looking.
我比大多数人更能理解这句话，因为我一直相貌平平。
本句为主从复合句，as引导原因状语从句。
5. I’m a girl who’d love to look good. 我是一个想要看起来漂亮的女孩。
who引导定语从句，修饰先行词a girl。
6. So, ever since I discovered selfie apps that could remove my freckles,
enlarge my eyes and even slim my jawline, I have become addicted.
所以，自从我发现自拍软件能消除我的雀斑，放大我的眼睛，
甚至削尖我的下巴，我就用上瘾了。
本句为主从复合句，ever since引导时间状语从句；that引导定语从句，
先行词为apps，that在从句中作主语。
7. Each “like” boosts my confidence. 每个“赞”都能增加我的信心。
boost one’s confidence 增加某人的信心
e.g. We need a big win to boost our confidence.
我们需要大胜一场来增加我们的信心。
8. Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone, so who cares 爸爸认为我是一个自我陶醉者，但我要说的是我的照片没有伤害任何人，所以谁会在乎呢？
本句为并列句，由but连接。“I am a narcissist”为省略that的宾语从句，what引导主语从句，what在从句中作say的宾语；that引导表语从句。
9. Obsessive online photo editing indicates a lack of self-confidence and a desire for attention.
沉迷于在线编辑照片表明缺乏自信和渴望关注。
a lack of是名词短语，表示“缺乏”。lack还可以用作动词，表示
“缺乏，不足”。
e.g. We stopped the project because of a lack of money.
由于资金短缺，我们中止了这个项目。
【词汇拓展】
for lack of 缺乏……；没有……；因缺少……
lack of 缺乏；不足……
lack for 缺……；不充足；需要某事物
lacking adj. 缺少的；不足的
be lacking in 不足；不够；缺少
10. However, the image Jade presents to obtain the praise of others is false.
然而，杰德为获得他人赞扬所展示的形象是虚假的。
“Jade presents to obtain the praise of others”为定语从句，修饰先行词
the image。
11. People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves. 自认为是某个人而其实不是的人往往会误判自己。
(1) “who pretend to be someone they are not”为who引导定语从句修饰
先行词people，“they are not”为省略的that的定语从句，修饰先行词
someone。
(2) pretend to be +n./adj. 假装是
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
pretend to be doing sth. 假装正在做某事
pretend to have done sth. 假装已经做了某事
pretend (that)... 假装……
12. That’s why I could never understand my sister, who has 17 lipsticks and can’t decide which one to use every morning.
那就是我永远无法理解我妹妹的原因，她有17支口红，每天
早上都不能选定该用哪一支。
本句为主从复合句，why引导表语从句；who引导非限制性
定语从句，先行词为my sister，who在从句中作主语。
13. When I first moved into my dormitory at college, this made my roommates quite confused as they saw me in the same clothes day after day. 当我第一次搬进大学宿舍时，这种情况让我的室友很困惑，因为他们看到我日复一日穿着同样的衣服。 本句为主从复合句，从句是由when引导的时间状语从句，主句中有包含一个由as引导的原因状语从句。
14. I didn’t like being reviewed from head to toe.
我不喜欢被从头到脚地审视。
本句中的from head to toe 是固定搭配，也可以说 from head to foot，意为 all over one’s body。
e.g. She was dressed in red from head to toe.
她从头到脚穿了一身红。
15. But I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover!
但我很惊讶地看到我打扮后看起来是多么好看！
本句是主从复合句，其中“how good I looked after the makeover”是
宾语从句。
16. At that moment, I perceived that external beauty isn’t totally worthless.
在那一刻，我意识到外在美并不是毫无价值的。
that引导宾语从句。
17. It can be an expression of our personalities, helping us make a good and positive impression on others. 它可以是我们个性的一种表达，有助于我们给别人留下良好且积极的印象。
make a/an ... impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象。
e.g. The new teacher makes a good impression on the students.
新教师给学生留下了一个好印象。
【词汇拓展】
make/leave/give a/an ... impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象
impress vt. 给……以深刻的印象
impress sth. on/upon sb.=impress sb. with sth.
使某人对某物/某事有印象；使某人铭记……
be impressed by/with 为……所感动；对……有印象
impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的；感人的
18. It’s true that inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked.
诚然，内在美很重要，但外在美也不应该完全被忽视。
“that inner beauty is very important”是主语从句，it是形式主语，代替主语从句这个真正的主语放于句首。
19. It plays a part in the image we present to the world, and making an effort with your appearance can leave a positive first impression on others and boost your confidence. 它在我们呈现给世界的形象中发挥一定的作用，努力打扮自己可以给别人留下积极的第一印象，并增强你的自信心。
(1) play a part in 对……起作用，参与
e.g. Everyone should play a part in the environmental protection.
每个人都应该参与环境保护。
(2) “we present to the world”为定语从句，修饰先行词the image。
20. Ever since I was little, I’ve been larger than other girls.
从我小的时候起，我就比其他女孩块头大。
本句为主从复合句，ever since引导时间状语从句。
21. People would stare at me because I was “big” and I hated the way I looked. 因为我“块头大”，别人就会盯着我看，我讨厌自己的样子。
(1) because引导原因状语从句。
(2) “I look”为定语从句修饰先行词the way。
22. My anxiety drove me to try every means possible to lose weight, including dieting and weight-loss pills, but this brought me nothing but pain and poor health. 我的焦虑驱使我努力尝试各种可能的减肥方法，包括节食和减肥药，但这只给我带来痛苦和身体不适。
(1) drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事。
e.g. Hunger drove him to steal. 饥饿驱使他去偷窃。
(2) try every means 千方百计
e.g. We should try every means to achieve this goal.
我们应该千方百计地去完成这个目标。
【词汇拓展】
by means of... 用……办法；借助……
by all means 一定；务必；当然
by any means 无论如何用一切可能的方法
by no means 绝不(置于句首时，句子部分倒装)
by this means 通过这种方式
23. Everything changed when one day I came across the success story of a plus-size model, Tess Holliday. 有一天，当我看到一个大码模特苔丝·霍利迪的成功故事时，一切都变了。
(1) when引导时间状语从句。
(2) come across 偶然发现，偶然遇见
e.g. On my way to the museum, I came across one of my teachers.
在去博物馆的路上，我碰巧遇到了我的一个老师。
【词汇拓展】
come about 发生
come up (太阳)升起；发生；被提及
come up with 找到；提出；想出；拿出
when it comes to... 当谈到……
24. Although she’s larger than most other models, she’s really attractive and has the confidence to be herself - even in an industry full of beauty stereotypes.
尽管她比其他大多数模特块头都要大，但她真的很有吸引力，而且有
自信做她自己——即使在一个充满了对美的模式化观念的行业中。
Although引导让步状语从句。
25. Her story changed my ideas about what it means to be beautiful.
她的故事改变了我对美的意义的看法。
what引导宾语从句。
26. I realised that my health, mental and physical, is the most important thing.
我意识到我的身心健康是最重要的。
that引导宾语从句。
27. I mean, isn’t it better that I’m large and happy, instead of skinny and unhealthy 我的意思是，我块头大又快乐, 而不是极瘦又不健康，难道不是更好吗？
“I mean”作插入语，that引导主语从句。
28. What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good heath not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too!
我真正钦佩的是她以这种方式承认良好的健康状况不仅使我们
更美丽而且也使我们更快乐！
本句的主语是What I really admire is the way. What 引导主语从句；“she has acknowledged ... happier, too” 是定语从句，修饰先行词the way；而that 引导的是宾语从句，作acknowledged的宾语。
Retelling It’s all about ME!(共12张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 3
Listening and speaking
课 堂 学 习
1
Listen to the speech. Choose the title that best describes the topic and give your reasons.
1 How to Hide Scars
2 Our True Self Lies Within
3 The Life Story of Dr Kleck
4 The Psychology of Sadness
2
Listen again and complete the fact sheet.
Basic facts
The researcher: Dr Robert Kleck
Year: 1______________
The procedure:
2______________ was drawn on each volunteer’s face using Hollywood-
style make-up.
Dr Kleck showed the scars to the volunteers.
He 3______________ the scars without the volunteers’ knowing it.
The volunteers went outside and noted how people 4______________.
They thought that people were ruder to them, and less kind. They thought
people 5______________ the scars.
Findings
The volunteers 6______________ others’ behaviour towards them.
Who we are is in our heads, not 7______________.
If people choose to feel 8______________, they will actually feel that way.
Answers:
1. 1991
2. An ugly fake scar
3. removed
4. reacted to them
5. stared at
6. imagined/misunderstood
7. how we look on the outside
8. happy and positive
Now give a short introduction to the experiment using the information in the fact sheet.
3
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the speech.
Today, I’m going to talk about… The subject of this speech is…
First / Next / Then… After that, …
As you can see, … To sum up, …
Presenting ideas
Concluding
As you can see, … To sum up, …
First / Next / Then… After that, …
Defining a topic
Today, I’m going to talk about… The subject of this speech is…
4
Work in pairs and discuss the questions.
1 What can you learn from the Scar Experiment
2 Does your appearance influence how you feel inside
5
Read the descriptions and match them to the characters from literature. Pay attention to the words in bold.
a Jane Eyre
b Cowardly Lion
c Harry Potter
d Monkey King
d
a
b
c
6
Put the words into the boxes. Add any more you can think of.
frightful, monstrous, just, righteous, small, plain, independent, determined, generous, timid, sensitive, courageous, thin, bookish, tough, brave, loyal
Personality
Appearance
frightful, monstrous, small, plain, thin, bookish
补充：tall, strong...
just, righteous, independent, determined, generous, timid, sensitive, courageous, tough, brave, loyal
补充：funny, calm...
7
Choose a character from literature and prepare a speech. Talk about the character’s appearance and personality. Work in pairs and make the speech to each other.
Now give feedback and talk about whether you have used the words in this section properly in your speech.
1. Talk about some expressions about defining a topic,
presenting ideas and concluding.
2. Talk about your appearance and personality.(共10张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 2
Grammar
课 堂 学 习
Subject clauses
1
Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) and (c) are from the reading passage.
a ... what I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone,
so who cares
b “That my pictures aren’t hurting anyone is what I
say, so who cares ”
c It’s true that inner beauty is very important...
d That inner beauty is very important is true...
1 What is the role of the words in bold in each sentence
2 In sentence (a), what does “what” refer to
The role of the words in bold in each sentence is to act as the subject of the sentence.
In sentence (a), “what” refers to the thing(s) that/which the speaker says.
3 What does “it” refer to in sentence (c)
4 Why does the author choose to use sentences (a) and (c) instead of sentences (b) and (d)
In sentence (c), “it” refers to “that inner beauty is very important”.
The author chooses to use sentences (a) and (c) to place the focus on the end of the sentences, rather than the beginning.
Now look for more sentences with subject clauses in the reading passage, and summarise its uses in your own words.
1. I mean, isn’t it better that I’m large and happy, instead of skinny
and unhealthy
2. What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good
health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too!
【语法讲解】
主语从句即在复合句中充当主语的从句。主语从句主要有三种形式。
1）由what，whatever等关系代词引导的主语从句。
e.g. What caused the accident is a complete mystery.
事故发生的原因仍然是个谜。
2）由 who，whose，whoever，which 等连接代词，when，where，how，
why 等连接副词，或 whether引导的主语从句。
e.g. Who will be the winner is still unknown. 谁将成为胜者还是未知数。
Why she left isn't important. 她为什么走并不重要。
It is still a question whether she will come or not.
她是否会来仍然是个问题。
3）由连词that引导的主语从句。
e.g. That his theory was flawed soon became obvious.
他的理论是有瑕疵的，这很快就变得显而易见。
It is strange that the door is open. 门开着，这很奇怪。
2
Read the passage and choose the correct words.
It is a well-known fact that / what the faces some people show to the world might be completely different to their real personalities. For instance, most comedians have permanent smiles on their faces and always sound cheerful because that’s the nature of their work. From this, it’s impossible to know what / where their true feelings are. Although they might be laughing on the outside, they might be crying on the inside. That / How others are feeling is not something that we should make assumptions about, because it’s not always obvious who is truly happy. What / That is certain is that comedians often use comedy to help them understand themselves and the world. In fact, comedy is a very serious job indeed!
3
Write an introduction to Ma Xu based on the profile. Use three or four subject clauses in your introduction.
Ma Xu
Ma Xu became a military doctor in 1947. She applied to become a paratrooper in 1961, but her first application failed because there were no female paratroopers at that time. Ma was only 1.53 metres tall and weighed just 37.5 kg. But she learnt to parachute by training hard in secret. After Ma proved that she could jump as well as anyone else, her application was successful.
Ma is China’s first female paratrooper. She completed over 140 parachute jumps over a period of 20 years – the most of any female paratrooper. She also set a national record as the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump, at the age of 51.
In 2018, Ma donated her entire life savings to her home town in Mulan County. This donation was to support local education and public welfare.
Ma Xu is a famous paratrooper. What impress me most are her courage, skill and determination...
Sample:
Ma Xu is a famous paratrooper. What impress me most are her courage, skill and determination. Although she was only 1.53 metres tall and weighed just 37.5 kg, she learnt to parachute by training hard in secret. Her application was successful after she proved that she could jump as well as anyone else. She is China’s first female paratrooper. That she completed over 140 parachute jumps over a period of 20 years shocks me. She also set a national record as the oldest enlisted woman to do a parachute jump, at the age of 51. It is moving that she donated her entire life savings to her home town in Mulan County to support local education and public welfare.
4
Think of another famous person and give an introduction to the class. Use three or four subject clauses in the introduction.
1. Talk about the use of subject clauses.
2. Make some sentences with subject clauses.(共28张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 4
Reading
新 课 导 入
1
Read the short introduction to Victor Hugo and answer the questions.
Born in France in 1802, Victor Hugo was a novelist, poet and playwright and was part of the Romantic Movement. Regarded as one of France’s greatest writers, he is celebrated as the “Shakespeare of France”.
Hugo first found fame, as a poet, when he was about 20 years old. Less than ten years later, he published one of his best-known works, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame. It was immediately a huge success and is now considered a key work of Romanticism. It remains one of his most popular works today.
1 Why do you think Victor Hugo was known as the “Shakespeare
of France”
2 What do you know about Romanticism Do some research to
find out more about it.
课 堂 学 习
2
Read the passage and find out why Quasimodo rescued Esmeralda.
The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
Published in 1831, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame tells a tragic story of events in Paris. Esmeralda's beauty means that many men fall in love with her. One such man sends the hunchback Quasimodo to kidnap Esmeralda. But Quasimodo fails and is captured and tortured in public. Esmeralda hears his call for water, and steps forwards out of mercy. She offers Quasimodo a drink of water, which saves him and also captures his heart. When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime she did not commit, Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral. Esmeralda is safe from execution as long as she stays inside the cathedral...
1 Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence, she so graceful, he so repulsive. Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye. How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension. Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all this that she gradually adjusted to it.
2 He was the first to break the silence. “So you were telling me to return ”
3 She moved her head, and said, “Yes.”
4 He understood the motion of the head. “But!” he said, as though hesitating whether to finish, “I am - I am deaf.”
5 “Poor wretch!” exclaimed Esmeralda, with an expression of heartfelt compassion.
6 He began to smile sadly.
7 “You suppose that was all that I was missing, do you not Yes, I am deaf, that is the way I am made. It is horrible, is it not, next to your exquisite beauty!”
8 There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable. In any case, he would not have heard her. He continued:
9 “Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment. When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am! Be honest, to you I must resemble some savage creature. You, you are a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong, whilst I am something terrible, neither human nor beast. I don't know what I am, as I am coarser, more downtrodden, and plainer than a pebble!”
10 Then he began to laugh, and that laugh was the most heartbreaking sound in the world. He continued:
11 “Yes, I am deaf, but you shall talk to me with your hands as my master talks to me, and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips, from your expression.”
12 “Well!” she smiled, “Explain to me why you rescued me.”
13 He watched her intently while she was speaking.
14 “I understand,” he replied. “ You ask me why I rescued you. You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. A drop of water and a little pity - that is more than I can repay with my life. You have forgotten that unfortunate soul, but he remembers it.”
15 She listened to him with profound tenderness. A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did not fall. He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay.
(Adaptation from The Hunchback of Notre-Dame by Victor Hugo)
Read the passage and find out why Quasimodo rescued Esmeralda.
Quasimodo rescued Esmeralda because when Quasimodo was tortured in public, Esmeralda was the only one to show him kindness and mercy.
Learning to learn
When comparing and contrasting characters in a narrative, consider their appearance, actions, and motives. Appearance in literature usually has meaning; a character’s beauty and ugliness is not accidental, as it is in real life. It is also very important to consider how each character changes over time, that is, to compare each character to earlier versions of themselves.
3
Find out the sentences that describe Esmeralda and Quasimodo’s appearances and feelings. Write a short paragraph to describe how Esmeralda and Quasimodo see each other.
Esmeralda in Quasimodo’s eyes
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Quasimodo in Esmeralda’s eyes
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Esmeralda thought Quasimodo was repulsive, with knock knees, a hunched back and a single eye, yet beneath his ugliness, he was full of melancholy and gentleness.
Quasimodo thought Esmeralda was graceful and exquisitely beautiful, like a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew or a birdsong.
Now work in pairs. Read the passage again and find out how Esmeralda’s feelings towards Quasimodo changed. Share your answers with your partner.
Think Share
1 What does the sentence “A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did
not fall” tell us about Quasimodo’s personality
2 In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit raise
our awareness of physical appearance and personal qualities
3 What difficulties might people like Quasimodo face in the real world
How should people treat them
4 Predict what happens next. Share your ideas with the class. Read the
novel and check your prediction.
1 What does the sentence “A tear swam in the eye of Quasimodo, but did
not fall” tell us about Quasimodo’s personality
2 In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit raise
our awareness of physical appearance and personal qualities
3 What difficulties might people like Quasimodo face in the real world
How should people treat them
4 Predict what happens next. Share your ideas with the class. Read the
novel and check your prediction.
On one hand, it shows that Quasimodo is sensitive and gentle; on the other hand, it shows his strength and pride.
The first passage shows the true meaning of beauty. Though how you present yourself to others plays a part, accepting yourself and feeling confident about your physical appearance are most important. The second passage highlights how someone’s physical appearance can actually be a complete contrast to who they are on the inside.
4
Work in groups. Give a talk about the character in the passage that makes the greatest impression on you.
1 Organise your ideas by considering the questions.
What is the character like
Has he / she experienced any emotional changes If so,
what changes are they
What can you learn from him / her
2 Present your ideas in your group.
3 Collect all your group’s ideas and present them to the class.
Now think about whether you can express yourself clearly or understand others in the group talk, and what your strengths or weaknesses are, compared to those of the others in your group.
Language points
1. Esmeralda's beauty means that many men fall in love with her.
埃斯梅拉达的美貌使无数男人为她倾倒。
(1) that引导宾语从句。
(2) fall in love with sb. 爱上某人
e.g. Slowly but surely she started to fall in love with him.
虽然过程缓慢，但她无疑开始爱上他了。
2. Esmeralda hears his call for water, and steps forwards out of mercy.
埃斯梅拉达听到他要喝水的声音，出于怜悯向前走去。
out of mercy 出于怜悯
e.g. The local community donated their clothes and more money to those who have suffered from the flood out of mercy. 当地社区出于怜悯把衣服和更多的钱捐给了那些遭受洪灾的人。
【词汇拓展】
show mercy to/have mercy on sb. 怜悯某人
at the mercy of sb.=at one’s mercy 任某人摆布，受某人控制
It’s a mercy that... ……真是万幸
without mercy 毫不留情
merciful adj. 仁慈的，宽恕的
3. She offers Quasimodo a drink of water, which saves him and also captures his heart.
她给卡西莫多递上水，这不仅拯救他的生命，也俘获了他的心。
(1) which引导非限制性定语从句。
(2) capture one’s heart 俘获某人的心
e.g. She's so attractive and she'd totally captured my heart.
她太迷人了，已经完全俘获了我的心。
4. When Esmeralda is later sentenced to death for a crime she did not commit, Quasimodo rescues her from an angry crowd outside the Notre-Dame Cathedral. 后来当埃斯梅拉达因没有犯下的罪行被判死刑时，卡西莫多从圣母院大教堂外愤怒的人群中救下了她。
(1) When引导时间状语从句，“she did not commit”为定语从句。
(2) be sentenced to 被判处 be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
e.g. He was sentenced to two years' youth custody.
他被判处在少年犯拘留所拘禁两年。
5. Esmeralda is safe from execution as long as she stays inside the cathedral... 只要埃斯梅拉达留在教堂内，就可以免于处决……
as long as引导条件状语从句。
6. Esmeralda and Quasimodo were still for several moments, as they considered their predicament in silence, she so graceful, he so repulsive.
埃斯梅拉达和卡西莫多许久没有动，默默地思考着自己的处境，一个是那样优美，一个是那么难看。
(1) as引导非限制性定语从句；
(2) “she so graceful, he so repulsive”是独立主格结构。独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词（又叫非限定动词）（动名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词），形容词，副词或介词短语等。独立主格结构的前后两部分有逻辑上的主谓关系。独立主格结构在句子中可以作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随的动作或情况等，多用于书面语。
e.g. She sat alone, tears rolling down her face.
她独自坐着，眼泪从脸上滚落下来。
7. Every moment Esmeralda discovered some fresh defect in Quasimodo, as her glance travelled from his knock knees to his hunched back, from his hunched back to his single eye.
每一刻，随着埃斯梅拉达的目光从卡西莫多的弯腿移到驼背，再从他的驼背移到独眼上，她都在他身上发现更多的毛病。
as引导时间状语从句；
8. How anyone could be formed in such a way was beyond her comprehension.
她难以理解一个人怎么能长得如此畸形。
(1) “How ... such a way”为主语从句；
(2) beyond意为“超出（理解或信任的范围）”
e.g. What Mike had done was beyond my comprehension.
Mike所做的事让我无法理解。
此外，beyond还有“在……的那边”的意思。
e.g. Beyond the river, cattle were grazing. 河的那边，牛在吃草。
9. Yet there was so much melancholy and so much gentleness spread over all
this that she gradually adjusted to it.
但他表现出那样的忧郁与那样的温顺，她渐渐地适应了。
(1) 本句中“spread over all this”作后置定语修饰melancholy, gentleness；句末“that she gradually adjusted to it”作结果状语；主句为There be 句型。
(2) adjust sth. to sth. 调整某事以适应某事
adjust to sth./doing sth. 适应于（做）某事
adjust oneself to 使自己适应于
adjustment n. 调整；调节；适应
make an adjustment to 对……作出调整
adjustable adj. 可调的；可调节的
10. You suppose that was all that I was missing, do you not
你觉得那就是我的所有缺陷，对不对
本句为反义疑问句。陈述部分包含“that was all”宾语从句，“that I was missing”定语从句。
11. Yes, I am deaf, that is the way I am made.
是啊，我是聋子，生来如此。
“I am made”为定语从句，修饰the way。
12. There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness that she had not the strength to utter a syllable. 从这个不幸的人的语气中，她明显地感觉到他的悲伤，以致她连一个音节也说不出来。
本句是一个由there引导的倒装句，是"there +不及物动词”结构；句末“that she ... utter a syllable”为结果状语从句。
13. In any case, he would not have heard her.
无论如何，他都不会听到她说话。
in any case是介词短语，表示“无论如何，不管怎样”。
e.g. We may miss the next bus, but in any case we’ll be there before midday. 我们可能赶不上下一趟公共汽车，但无论如何，中午之前我们总可以到那里。
【词汇拓展】
in no case 决不 (置于句首时，常用倒装句式)
in case (that) 假使；以防万一
in case of 假如发生；万一发生
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case 这是常有的事
14. Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely, rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time, under / in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition的置于句首时，句子使用部分倒装，即助动词（have）提到主语（I）的前面。
15. When I compare myself to you, I feel an immense pity for myself, poor unfortunate monster that I am! 当我把自己同你比较时，我就非常怜悯自己，我是多么可怜而不幸的怪物啊！
When引导时间状语从句； that引导定语从句。
16. You, you are a ray of sunshine, a drop of dew, a birdsong, whilst I am something terrible, neither human nor beast.
你呀，你就像一束阳光，一滴露珠，像鸟鸣声，而我呢，却是一个可怕的东西，不像人也不像兽。
该句为一个并列句，whilst表对比。
17. I don't know what I am, as I am coarser, more downtrodden, and plainer than a pebble! 我不知道我是什么，我比卵石还要粗硬、难看、不显眼！
what引导宾语从句；as引导原因状语从句。
18. Yes, I am deaf, but you shall talk to me with your hands as my master talks to me, and then I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips, from your expression. 是啊， 我是聋子。 但你可以用手势对我讲话，就像我的主人跟我说话那样。这样，从你的口型和你的表情，我很快就能明白你的意思。
原句是一个由两个并列连词but和and连接起3个分句的并列句，
as引导方式状语从句。
【词汇拓展】
express...to... 向……表达……
express concern about 表达对……的担忧
express one’s satisfaction with 表达对……的满意
express oneself 表达思想
express adj. 快速的 expression n. 表达；表情
beyond expression 无法表达 without expression 毫无表情
19. Explain to me why you rescued me. 告诉我你为什么要救我。why引导宾语从句。
20. He watched her intently while she was speaking.
她说话的时候，他专注地看着她。
while引导时间状语从句。
21. You ask me why I rescued you. 你问我为什么要救你。
why引导宾语从句。
22. You have forgotten an unfortunate person who attempted to kidnap you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. 你忘了，有天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。
who引导定语从句；to whom引导定语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
23. A drop of water and a little pity - that is more than I can repay with my life. 我即使为你赴汤蹈火，也报答不了那滴水和你的怜悯之心。
“I can repay with my life”为表语从句。
24. He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay.
似乎不让眼泪落下来，他就可以维护自己的尊严。
keep sth. at bay 阻止，遏制（令人不愉快的事物）
e.g. A thick wall keeps the noise at bay.
一道厚实的墙挡住了噪音
Retelling The Hunchback of Notre-Dame
