专题06：than 用法总结---高考英语常考知识点 学案
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| 名称 | 专题06：than 用法总结---高考英语常考知识点 学案 |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2024-01-21 11:11:59 | ||
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专题06 than 用法总结
1. than的介词用法
①用于比较级之后，引出比较的第二部分, 比；与…比较
She is taller than me.
她比我高。
Thomas arrived earlier than the others.
托马斯比其他人早到。
She speaks more English than she did last term.
她讲英语比上学期要多。
②用于anywhere,different,else,other,otherwise 等之后，除…(外)
She has no other friend than Jane.
除简外她没有朋友。
It was none other than the professor.
不是别人，正是教授本人。
The student is otherwise than his teacher thought.
那个学生并不是老师想像的那种人。
③用于 barely,hardly,scarcely之后,表示时间]一…就…
Scarcely had I seen him than he spoke to me.
我刚看见他，他就跟我说起话来。
They barely arrived than it was time to leave.
他们刚到就该离开了。
④用于 rather之后，与其…(毋宁、宁愿或不如…)
I prefer to work rather than go to holiday to the seaside.
我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假。
⑤ no sooner …than; barely...than...; hardly...than...
都表示“一……就”、“刚刚……就”
He had no sooner arrived than he called me up.
他一到就给我打电话。
We barely arrived than it was time to leave.
我们刚刚到达，就到了应该离开的时间了。
注意:
no sooner等放在句首就要倒装
No sooner had he arrived than he called me up（倒装）
No sooner had I sat down than there was a loud knock on thedoor.
我刚坐下就有人大声敲门。
⑥用于计量数目之前，超过
This car goes faster than 120 miles per hour.
这辆汽车的时速超过120英里。
2.than的连词用法
①than用作连词的意思是“比”,可指两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,也可指同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较。
He's more fat than (he's) short.
与其说他矮不如说他胖。
They are more brave than wise.
他们有勇无谋。
②用作连词时接名词或代词的主格形式是较正式的用法,若人称代词之后跟有动词, than后的人称代词只能用主格。
He is taller than l am.他比我高。
He swims faster than she does.
他比她游泳游得快。
③带有never(a)的比较级结构后连用了than时，是一种强调说法，通常表示最高级的含义。如：
I've never had a worse morning than today.
我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。
④若语义需要，有时可接when，if等引导的从句。如：
You are a little father than when I saw you last .
你比我上次见你时胖点了。
有时还可以接没有任何引导词的句子。如：
The game was closer than the score suggests.
实际的比赛比所得的分数相比更难分高下。
3.than固定搭配
more than多于
A. “More than＋名词”表示“不仅仅是”
1) Modern science is more than a large amount of information.
2) Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.
We need more than material wealth to build our country.建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富.
B. “More than＋数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如：
3) I have known David for more than 20 years.
4) Let's carry out the test with more than the sample copy.
More than one person has made this suggestion. 不止一人提过这个建议.
C. “More than＋形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如：
5) In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.
6) I assure you I am more than glad to help you.
D. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”. 难以，完全不能（其后通常连用情态动词 can）
--That is more than I can understand . 那非我所能懂的.
--That is more than I can tell. 那事我实在不明白。
--The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的
此外，“more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如：
--More often than not （经常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give.
---All of us are more than a little concerned about（非常关心）the current economic problems
less than少于,小于
1. （指数量）不到，不足
It’s less than half an hour’s drive from here. 开车到那里不到半个钟头。
In less than an hour he finished the work. 没要上一个小时，他就完成了工作。
2. 比……（小）少
She eats less than she should. 她吃得比她应该吃的少。
Half the group felt they spent less than average. 半数人觉得他们的花费低于平均水平。
3. 不太，一点也不
The boys were less than happy about having a party. 开晚会男孩子们并不很高兴。
We were less than delighted to have company that day. 那天有客人我们并不太高兴。
He was less than helpful when we arrived. 我们到达时他一点也不帮忙。
3) fewer than少于,小于
4) no other than正是,就是
5) better than one's word 做的比说的好
6) other than 除了
7) no better than 和 ... 一样不好...
8) than ever 比以前
9) otherwise than 不像(与 ... ...
10) nothing more than 仅仅
11)rather than / other than“而不是” / “除了...,除...以外”
no / not more than (仅仅，只有 / 不多于)
nothing more than (仅仅)
no / nothing other than (只有，除...以外没有)
no more than 与 not more than
[1] A is no + 形容词或副词比较级 + than B.
该用法常常表示“A与B一样都不...”，与as ... as ...相似。
例如：
[非考研英语真题内容]
He is no more fit to be a teacher than I am.
译文：他和我一样都不适合当老师。
[2] A is not + 形容词或副词比较级 + than B.
该用法表示“A不比B更...”。
例如：
[非考研英语真题内容]
It’s a beautiful cottage not more than five minutes from the nearest beach.
译文：它是一个漂亮的小屋，离最近的海滩不超过5分钟路程。
no less than
no less than +基数词, 表达"多达...."
No less than 5 millions people have contracted Covid-19.
(有多达500万人都已经感染了新冠病毒)
no less than +名词，表达"简直是....不亚于..."
It is no less than a murder to batter the girls like that.
（这样打人简直就是在谋杀）
no less +形容词+than ..,表达“不比...差，和...一样都..”
HuaWei is no less expensive than iphone.
(华为手机不会比苹果更不贵=华为和苹果手机都挺贵的)
no less +名词+than xxx: 表达强调和惊讶! “正是xxx”
No less a person than Zhoujielun will come to our school.
（不是别人竟是周杰伦要来我们学校）
No less an authority than Walter Cronkite has reported that half of all Americans never read a book.
nothing less than 完全是，和...一模一样
---It is nothing less than stealing to take a thing away without the permission of its owner.
--They expect nothing less than a revolution. 他们盼望的正是革命。
there's nothing I like less than..。这种情况是否定意思
--There's nothing I like less than lying. 我最不喜欢的莫过于说谎了。
--There's nothing I like less than working overtime. 我最讨厌加班。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
专题06 than 用法总结
1. than的介词用法
①用于比较级之后，引出比较的第二部分, 比；与…比较
She is taller than me.
她比我高。
Thomas arrived earlier than the others.
托马斯比其他人早到。
She speaks more English than she did last term.
她讲英语比上学期要多。
②用于anywhere,different,else,other,otherwise 等之后，除…(外)
She has no other friend than Jane.
除简外她没有朋友。
It was none other than the professor.
不是别人，正是教授本人。
The student is otherwise than his teacher thought.
那个学生并不是老师想像的那种人。
③用于 barely,hardly,scarcely之后,表示时间]一…就…
Scarcely had I seen him than he spoke to me.
我刚看见他，他就跟我说起话来。
They barely arrived than it was time to leave.
他们刚到就该离开了。
④用于 rather之后，与其…(毋宁、宁愿或不如…)
I prefer to work rather than go to holiday to the seaside.
我宁愿工作也不愿去海滨度假。
⑤ no sooner …than; barely...than...; hardly...than...
都表示“一……就”、“刚刚……就”
He had no sooner arrived than he called me up.
他一到就给我打电话。
We barely arrived than it was time to leave.
我们刚刚到达，就到了应该离开的时间了。
注意:
no sooner等放在句首就要倒装
No sooner had he arrived than he called me up（倒装）
No sooner had I sat down than there was a loud knock on thedoor.
我刚坐下就有人大声敲门。
⑥用于计量数目之前，超过
This car goes faster than 120 miles per hour.
这辆汽车的时速超过120英里。
2.than的连词用法
①than用作连词的意思是“比”,可指两个不同的人或物在同一方面进行比较,也可指同一个人或物在两个不同方面进行比较。
He's more fat than (he's) short.
与其说他矮不如说他胖。
They are more brave than wise.
他们有勇无谋。
②用作连词时接名词或代词的主格形式是较正式的用法,若人称代词之后跟有动词, than后的人称代词只能用主格。
He is taller than l am.他比我高。
He swims faster than she does.
他比她游泳游得快。
③带有never(a)的比较级结构后连用了than时，是一种强调说法，通常表示最高级的含义。如：
I've never had a worse morning than today.
我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒霉。
④若语义需要，有时可接when，if等引导的从句。如：
You are a little father than when I saw you last .
你比我上次见你时胖点了。
有时还可以接没有任何引导词的句子。如：
The game was closer than the score suggests.
实际的比赛比所得的分数相比更难分高下。
3.than固定搭配
more than多于
A. “More than＋名词”表示“不仅仅是”
1) Modern science is more than a large amount of information.
2) Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too.
We need more than material wealth to build our country.建设我们国家，不仅仅需要物质财富.
B. “More than＋数词”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如：
3) I have known David for more than 20 years.
4) Let's carry out the test with more than the sample copy.
More than one person has made this suggestion. 不止一人提过这个建议.
C. “More than＋形容词”等于“很”或“非常”的意思，如：
5) In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments.
6) I assure you I am more than glad to help you.
D. more than + (that)从句，其基本意义是“超过（=over）”，但可译成“简直不”“远非”. 难以，完全不能（其后通常连用情态动词 can）
--That is more than I can understand . 那非我所能懂的.
--That is more than I can tell. 那事我实在不明白。
--The heat there was more than he could stand. 那儿的炎热程度是他所不能忍受的
此外，“more than”也在一些惯用语中出现，如：
--More often than not （经常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give.
---All of us are more than a little concerned about（非常关心）the current economic problems
less than少于,小于
1. （指数量）不到，不足
It’s less than half an hour’s drive from here. 开车到那里不到半个钟头。
In less than an hour he finished the work. 没要上一个小时，他就完成了工作。
2. 比……（小）少
She eats less than she should. 她吃得比她应该吃的少。
Half the group felt they spent less than average. 半数人觉得他们的花费低于平均水平。
3. 不太，一点也不
The boys were less than happy about having a party. 开晚会男孩子们并不很高兴。
We were less than delighted to have company that day. 那天有客人我们并不太高兴。
He was less than helpful when we arrived. 我们到达时他一点也不帮忙。
3) fewer than少于,小于
4) no other than正是,就是
5) better than one's word 做的比说的好
6) other than 除了
7) no better than 和 ... 一样不好...
8) than ever 比以前
9) otherwise than 不像(与 ... ...
10) nothing more than 仅仅
11)rather than / other than“而不是” / “除了...,除...以外”
no / not more than (仅仅，只有 / 不多于)
nothing more than (仅仅)
no / nothing other than (只有，除...以外没有)
no more than 与 not more than
[1] A is no + 形容词或副词比较级 + than B.
该用法常常表示“A与B一样都不...”，与as ... as ...相似。
例如：
[非考研英语真题内容]
He is no more fit to be a teacher than I am.
译文：他和我一样都不适合当老师。
[2] A is not + 形容词或副词比较级 + than B.
该用法表示“A不比B更...”。
例如：
[非考研英语真题内容]
It’s a beautiful cottage not more than five minutes from the nearest beach.
译文：它是一个漂亮的小屋，离最近的海滩不超过5分钟路程。
no less than
no less than +基数词, 表达"多达...."
No less than 5 millions people have contracted Covid-19.
(有多达500万人都已经感染了新冠病毒)
no less than +名词，表达"简直是....不亚于..."
It is no less than a murder to batter the girls like that.
（这样打人简直就是在谋杀）
no less +形容词+than ..,表达“不比...差，和...一样都..”
HuaWei is no less expensive than iphone.
(华为手机不会比苹果更不贵=华为和苹果手机都挺贵的)
no less +名词+than xxx: 表达强调和惊讶! “正是xxx”
No less a person than Zhoujielun will come to our school.
（不是别人竟是周杰伦要来我们学校）
No less an authority than Walter Cronkite has reported that half of all Americans never read a book.
nothing less than 完全是，和...一模一样
---It is nothing less than stealing to take a thing away without the permission of its owner.
--They expect nothing less than a revolution. 他们盼望的正是革命。
there's nothing I like less than..。这种情况是否定意思
--There's nothing I like less than lying. 我最不喜欢的莫过于说谎了。
--There's nothing I like less than working overtime. 我最讨厌加班。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)