强化练(四) 推理判断题(2)
A
(2023·安徽蚌埠质检四)
Packing up your kids and heading to the best beach attractions in the U．S.is one of the most popular family vacation ideas.From coast to coast，here are the most kid-friendly beach attractions in the U．S.，where sun，sand and surf are just the beginning of the family vacation experience.
Inn by the Sea，Cape Elizabeth，Maine
Located in Cape Elizabeth，the 45-room Inn by the Sea is the best East Coast beach hotel for dog lovers.And even if you don’t have a dog in your family group，you can head to its dog shelter partnered with the Animal Refuge League.Guests can play with，walk and even adopt the rescue dog if so moved.
Chatham Bars Inn，Chatham，Massachusetts
Dating back to 1914 and open year-round，the Chatham Bars Inn has 217 guest rooms along with plenty of seaside charm.Lie on the inn’s private beach，or relax by the oceanfront pool.The inn’s boats take guests on whale-watching and fishing.
The Lodge at Gulf State Park，a Hilton Hotel Gulf Shores，Alabama
The Lodge at Gulf State Park is an environmentally friendly family beach attraction designed for getaway-from-it-all nature-filled escapes.Built to meet LEED Gold standards，the Lodge offers 350 guest rooms in casual contemporary style with views of the Gulf of Mexico.
Hotel Del Coronado，Coronado Island，California
Recognized as one of the best beach sites in the U．S.，Hotel Del Coronado has a history of more than 130 years.This kid-friendly U．S.beach hotel’s 901 guest rooms are located in different “neighborhoods” around the hotel.
1．What can guests do in Inn by the Sea
A．Appreciate the West Coast view.
B．Have fun with rescue dogs.
C．Join the Animal Refuge League.
D．Take the inn’s boats to fish.
2．Which hotel has the most guest rooms
A．Inn by the Sea.
B．Chatham Bars Inn.
C．The Lodge at Gulf State Park.
D．Hotel Del Coronado.
3．Who is the text intended for
A．Guides. B．Advertisers.
C．Parents. D．Kids.
B
(2023·山东青岛一模)
A six-year-old longing to keep a unicorn in her backyard figured she’d get the hard part out of the way first.
Last November，Madeline wrote a letter to the Los Angeles County Department of Animal Care and Control with a straightforward request，“Dear LA County，I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one.Please send me a letter in response.”
Director Mayeda replied two weeks later.The department does in fact license unicorns，she said，under certain conditions.Those include polishing the unicorn’s horn at least once a month with a soft cloth，feeding it watermelon at least once a week，covering it with only nontoxic and biodegradable sparkles and giving it regular access to sunlight，moonbeams and rainbows.And，because unicorns are indeed very rare to find，the department is also giving Madeline a toy unicorn to keep her company during her search，as a token of appreciation.
“It is always rewarding to hear from young people who thoughtfully consider the requirements of providing a loving home for animals，” Mayeda wrote in the letter.“I like your sense of responsible pet ownership to seek permission in advance to keep a unicorn in Los Angeles County.”
Mayeda told the Washington Post that this is the first time the department has received a request for a license for a unicorn or any mythical creature.They were impressed with the first-grader for wanting to ask permission in the first place，and doing her research to work out how to go about that.She and her colleagues deal with a lot of “life-and-death” issues on the job，whether that’s seeing cases of animal abuse or animals hurting people or making decisions about having to put down dangerous or sick animals.So Madeline’s letter has considerably brightened their spirits，and she is due to visit the department this week to discuss her unicorn license application.Safe to say，she’s in for a magical surprise.
4．Why did Madeline write the letter
A．To apply to visit a unicorn.
B．To learn to provide animal care.
C．To ask permission to keep a pet.
D．To figure out how to find a unicorn.
5．What can we learn from paragraph 3
A．Her application was disapproved.
B．Requirements should be met for the license.
C．She was presented with a live unicorn.
D．Guidance was given for her search.
6．Which of the following best describes Mayeda
A．Imaginative. B．Sensitive.
C．Flexible. D．Convincing.
7．Why does the department think the letter “has considerably brightened their spirits”？
A．Because it is the first application letter for a pet.
B．Because animal protection is a life-and-death issue.
C．Because they are worn out with their daily work.
D．Because they are touched with the girl’s deeds.
C
(2023·山东聊城一模)
I’ve been working steadily for hours now，but feel as if I haven’t even started.My attention is being pulled from my assigned task—writing this story—by a myriad of what I believe are necessary work interruptions.
Unfortunately，all too many of us are having such “squirrel” days，according to Dr.Gloria Mark，a professor of informatics at the University of California，Irvine，who studies how digital media impacts our lives.Mark explained how decades of research has tracked the decline of the ability to focus.
“In 2004，we measured the average attention on a screen to be 2 minutes，” Mark said.“Some years later，we found attention spans to be about 75 seconds.Now we find people can only pay attention to one screen for an average of 47 seconds.”
Not only do people concentrate for less than a minute on any one screen，Mark said，but when attention is diverted from an active work project，it also takes about 25 minutes to refocus on that task.
How can that be？“If we look at work in terms of switching projects，as opposed to the micro view of switching screens，we find people spend about 10 minutes in any work project before being interrupted and then switch to another work project，” Mark said.
Yes，but then we return to the original work，right？Wrong，Mark said.Instead，when we are interrupted on project two，we switch yet again to a different task—call it project three.Unbelievably，her research has shown we are also interrupted on project three，and move on to project four.
“And then you go back and pick up the original interrupted project，” Mark explained.“But it’s not like you’re interrupted and you do nothing.For over 25 minutes，you’re actually working on other things.”
“However，there’s also a switch cost，” Mark added.“A switch cost is the time it takes you to go back to your work：‘Where was I？What was I thinking of？’ That additional effort can also lead to errors and stress.”
8．What will happen if you are having “squirrel” days
A．You will be in a bad mood.
B．You will be writing a story about squirrels.
C．You will be addicted to digital media.
D．You will be constantly distracted from your task.
9．Which aspect of “attention” does Mark’s research focus on
A．Its type. B．Its lasting time.
C．Its function. D．Its development.
10．Why is it difficult for many of us to refocus on the original task
A．We concentrate less and less on the screen.
B．Switching screens affects working efficiency.
C．We are interrupted by some other work projects.
D．More important projects remain to be completed.
11．What is Mark’s attitude toward attention switch
A．She considers it a good thing.
B．She thinks it has some bad effects.
C．She considers it time-saving.
D．She thinks it will cost people dearly.强化练(三) 推理判断题(1)
A
(2023·福建漳州质检)
Mary has struggled to find the right words to convey her thoughts and feelings ever since she was a child.She was often told that she was “too quiet” or “too shy”，and as she grew older，she became increasingly self-conscious about her inability to articulate herself.It wasn’t that she didn’t have anything to say—far from it.Mary’s mind was constantly racing with ideas and observations，but no matter how hard she tried，she just couldn’t seem to get the words out.
“Mary，I need to talk to you，” Mr Thompson，the boss of Mary’s new company，said one day，his voice serious.Mary’s heart sank.“Don’t worry，” Mr Thompson said，noticing Mary’s panic.“It’s not that kind of conversation.I just wanted to talk to you about something that’s been on my mind lately.”
He paused for a moment，collecting his thoughts.“I’ve noticed that you’ve been struggling a bit lately.It seems like you’re having a tough time communicating with customers.I hear that you’re good at writing.So why not join our Advertising Department？Besides，I have another suggestion...”
Mary kept nodding，unable to find the words to express her gratitude.
Following Mr Thompson’s suggestion，Mary joined a writing competition.She had always been a talented writer，and she knew that she had the potential to create something truly special.So she set to work，pouring her heart and soul into her essay.The words started flowing，and Mary found herself writing with a newfound sense of clarity and purpose.
The judges of the competition were amazed by Mary’s essay，and they selected it as the winner.Mary was excited，and she was grateful to have finally found the right way to do a good job.
1．What does the underlined word “articulate” mean in paragraph 1
A．Teach. B．Express.
C．Behave. D．Encourage.
2．Why did Mr Thompson have a talk with Mary
A．To point out her mistakes.
B．To advise her to quit the job.
C．To offer her some help.
D．To comfort her struggles.
3．What was Mary’s feeling when creating her essay
A．Confident. B．Determined.
C．Inspired. D．Relaxed.
4．What can best describe Mary’s experience
A．Actions speak louder than words.
B．All things are easy that are done willingly.
C．Loses on one side and gains on the other.
D．Diligence can make up for lack of intelligence.
B
(2023·山东临沂一模)
For anyone trying to lose weight，there’s a truth we can all universally acknowledge that better health is often positioned as a numbers game.Hit the right number，and all your health problems will magically resolve，so the logic goes.Yet increasingly，science is revealing that losing weight may not be a silver bullet after all.In a mouse study published in the journal Science，looking specifically at an inflammatory(发炎的) eye condition linked to obesity called macular degeneration(黄斑退化)，researchers found the struggle for better health doesn’t necessarily begin and end with weight loss.
Researchers conducted experiments on mice that were fed a high-fat diet for 11 weeks，making them gain weight.The mice were then put on a diet of low-fat food for 9 weeks，making them lose weight.Another group of mice only ate the low-fat diet as a control.Researchers shot lasers into the eyes of both the yo-yo dieter mice and the control mice to encourage atypical blood vessel(非典型性血管) growth，a mark of macular degeneration.
Among the mice that had gained and then lost weight，there was about 40 percent more atypical blood vessel growth than their stable diet peers.Driving the growth appeared to be macrophages(巨噬细胞)．In the yo-yo dieter mice，these cells had been reprogrammed to cause inflammation.Taken together，these cells appeared to have an outsize role in atypical blood vessel growth in the eyes.Meanwhile，in the mice fed only a low-fat diet，inflammatory changes were absent.The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain，even if followed by weight loss，leaves an inflammatory mark on mouse macrophages.
The research comes during a period of renewed interest in anti-obesity drugs.But medicines that help people shed pounds do not treat inflammation linked to a history of weight gain.“How to engage these findings with medicine interventions is a challenge，” says Bapat，head of the research.
5．Which of the following best explains “a silver bullet” underlined in paragraph 1
A．A workable solution.
B．A tough choice.
C．An ultimate objective.
D．A major challenge.
6．How do researchers carry out the experiment
A．By making comparisons.
B．By listing examples.
C．By controlling test methods.
D．By analyzing diet components.
7．What can we learn about the research results
A．Stable dieting drives the growth of macrophages.
B．Reprogrammed cells are to blame for weight gain.
C．Inflammatory changes are caused by the low-fat diet.
D．Losing weight doesn’t resolve the inflammation tied to weight gain.
8．What will the research focus on next
A．Exploring ways of losing weight.
B．Tracking the history of weight loss.
C．Treating obesity-linked inflammation.
D．Boosting interest in anti-obesity drugs.
C
(2023·江苏徐州5月模拟)
If reducing stress has been on your summer to-do list，there’s one powerful thing you can still do before the season ends：get in the habit of taking a walk outside with a friend.
A quick walk in nature with a friend combines three of the most effective stress-reducing and resilience(恢复力) building techniques：physical exercise，spending time in nature and social connection.The activity works by helping normalize the hormonal changes that result from long-time stress and enhancing the emotional resources that help us cope.
Walking quickly activates(激活) the body’s stress response.And when the walk is over，the stress system comes back down to baseline.Regular exercise helps your stress response become more efficient，says Jennifer Heisz，associate professor at McMaster University.
As little as 10 minutes of sitting or walking in nature can decrease a person’s heart rate，blood pressure and cortisol levels，as well as self-reported stress levels.One possible explanation，the researchers say，is that spending time in nature lowers the activity of our sympathetic nervous system，which regulates stress hormones，and taps into the parasympathetic(副交感)nervous system，which promotes our calm and relaxation responses.
Taking that hike with a loved one can further reduce stress by adding the important element of social connection.Talking with trusted friends helps people process stressful events and lifts self-esteem.Social support has positive effects on the brain and body，scientific research finds.
Earlier this year，Cassie Moreno was in a rut of stress and anxiety.She was starting a new job，struggling to make new friends，and going through a breakup.Strolling along the Hudson River with other women，the 26-year-old Maine native says she felt an immediate surge of confidence and calm.
“I was，like，how do we live here？Look at the water! How did we get this lucky？” she says.
9．What is the purpose of paragraph 2
A．To explain a rule.
B．To clarify an argument.
C．To present a fact.
D．To introduce a topic.
10．What is an advantage of spending time in nature
A．Reducing blood pressure.
B．Lifting self-esteem.
C．Raising stress hormones.
D．Activating nervous system.
11．What does Cassie Moreno’s remark in the last paragraph indicate
A．She was refreshed with confidence.
B．She was in a state of stress and anxiety.
C．She was struggling through a hard time.
D．She was amazed by the fantastic scenery.
12．How is the passage developed
A．By giving explanations.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By proving assumptions.强化练(三)
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽在老板汤普森先生的建议下，通过写作来表达自己，并且找到了做好工作的正确方法。
1．B [词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Mary has struggled to find the right words to convey her thoughts and feelings ever since she was a child.”可知，随着年龄的增长，她越来越意识到自己无法表达自己。因此猜测articulate意为“表达”。故选B。]
2．C [推理判断题。根据第三段“He paused for a moment，collecting his thoughts.‘...I hear that you’re good at writing.So why not join our Advertising Department？Besides，I have another suggestion...’”可推知，汤普森先生和玛丽进行谈话是为了给她提供帮助。故选C。]
3．A [推理判断题。根据第五段中的“She had always been a talented writer，and she knew that she had the potential to create something truly special...and Mary found herself writing with a newfound sense of clarity and purpose.”可推知，玛丽在创作文章时感到很自信。故选A。]
4．C [推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，玛丽不擅长用言语表达自己，却在写作方面很有天赋。最终找到了做好工作的正确方法。因此C项：Loses on one side and gains on the other.能描述玛丽的经历。故选C。]
5．A [词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Hit the right number，and all your health problems will magically resolve，so the logic goes.”以及画线词所在句中的关键词“Yet”可知，画线词所在句与上文是转折关系，再结合下文中“researchers found the struggle for better health...weight loss”可知，减肥不能解决所有的健康问题，所以a silver bullet的意思指“有效的解决办法”。故选A。]
6．A [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Researchers conducted experiments on mice that were fed a high-fat diet for 11 weeks，making them gain weight.The mice were then put on a diet of low-fat food for 9 weeks，making them lose weight.Another group of mice only ate the low-fat diet as a control.”以及第三段第一句可推断出研究人员是通过对比的方法进行的实验。故选A。]
7．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The results suggest that eating a high-fat diet that causes weight gain，even if followed by weight loss，leaves an inflammatory mark on mouse macrophages.”可知，减肥并不能解决与体重增加相关的炎症。故选D。]
8．C [后续内容题。根据最后一段中的“The research comes during a period of renewed interest in anti-obesity drugs...‘How to engage these findings with medicine interventions is a challenge，’says Bapat，head of the research.”可知，接下来的研究将关注治疗与肥胖相关的炎症。故选C。]
9．B [写作意图题。根据第二段中的“A quick walk in nature with a friend combines three of the most effective stress-reducing and resilience(恢复力) building techniques：physical exercise，spending time in nature and social connection.”可知，此处解释了和朋友一起在户外散步能够减压的理论依据，也就是阐释上文提出的观点。故选B。]
10．A [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“As little as 10 minutes of sitting or walking in nature can decrease a person’s heart rate，blood pressure and cortisol levels，as well as self-reported stress levels.”可知，花时间待在大自然中能降低血压水平。故选A。]
11．A [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Strolling along the Hudson River with other women，the 26-year-old Maine native says she felt an immediate surge of confidence and calm.”再结合最后一段Cassie说的话可推断出，Cassie Moreno感到信心十足，精神抖擞。故选A。]
12．A [推理判断题。分析文章可知，第一段提出观点“和朋友一起在户外散步能够减压”；第二段指出“A quick walk in nature with a friend combines three of the most effective stress-reducing and resilience(恢复力) building techniques：physical exercise，spending time in nature and social connection.”；后续段落分项进行解释，因此可推断文章使用了作诠释的方法来说明观点。故选A。]
强化练(四)
1．B [细节理解题。根据Inn by the Sea，Cape Elizabeth，Maine部分的“Guests can play with，walk and even adopt the rescue dog if so moved.”可知，客人在Inn by the Sea可以和搜救犬开心地玩。故选B。]
2．D [细节理解题。对比四个海边旅馆的房间数可知，客房最多的酒店是Hotel Del Coronado。故选D。]
3．C [读者对象题。根据第一段中的“Packing up your kids and heading to the best beach attractions in the U．S.is one of the most popular family vacation ideas.”可推知，这篇文章是写给父母的。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了六岁的孩子Madeline写信给洛杉矶县动物保护与控制部门，希望获得许可养一只独角兽。
4．C [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dear LA County，I would like your approval if I can have a unicorn in my backyard if I can find one.Please send me a letter in response.”可知，Madeline写这封信是为了请求允许养宠物。故选C。]
5．B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Director Mayeda replied two weeks later.The department does in fact license unicorns，she said，under certain conditions.Those include polishing...feeding it watermelon...covering it with...and giving it...”可知，要获得许可应满足一些要求。故选B。]
6．B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘It is always rewarding to hear from young people who thoughtfully consider the requirements of providing a loving home for animals，’Mayeda wrote in the letter.‘I like your sense of responsible pet ownership to seek permission in advance to keep a unicorn in Los Angeles County.’”可推知，Mayeda很体贴，善解人意。故选B。]
7．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“They were impressed with the first-grader for wanting to ask permission in the first place，and doing her research to work out how to go about that.”可推知，该部门认为这封信“振奋了他们的精神”是因为他们被女孩认真的行为感动了。故选D。]
语篇解读 本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了加州大学的格洛丽亚·马克博士研究数字媒体如何影响我们的生活。
8．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My attention is being pulled from my assigned task—writing this story—by a myriad of what I believe are necessary work interruptions.”以及第二段中的“Unfortunately，all too many of us are having such ‘squirrel’ days，...”可知，总有这样那样的事使我们分心，不得不停下手中的任务，有这种经历的人即过着“松鼠”的日子。故选D。]
9．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的关键词“the average attention，attention spans”可知，马克的研究集中在注意力的持续时长方面。故选B。]
10．C [推理判断题。根据第六段“Yes，but then we return to the original work，right？Wrong，Mark said.Instead，when we are interrupted on project two，we switch yet again to a different task—call it project three.Unbelievably，her research has shown we are also interrupted on project three，and move on to project four.”可知，我们中的许多人很难重新专注于最初的任务是因为我们会一次又一次被其他工作项目打断，从而一次次切换到别的任务。故选C。]
11．B [观点态度题。根据最后一段“‘However，there’s also a switch cost，’ Mark added.‘A switch cost is the time it takes you to go back to your work：‘Where was I？What was I thinking of？’ That additional effort can also lead to errors and stress.’”可知，对于注意力的转换，马克认为这需要成本，即重新回到工作中所花费的时间，以及由此导致的错误和失误，因此注意力的转换对工作和学习有一些不好的影响。故选B。]
强化练(五)
1．B [推理判断题。根据第一段“...the University of Cambridge opens its doors to welcome prospective applicants and their parents and supporters to find out what it’s really like to live and study here.”可推知，对剑桥大学的开放日最感兴趣的应该是潜在的申请人，即可能前往该校读书的学生。故选B。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据July Open Days－6 and 7 July 2023部分最后一段中的“The programme will run from 9：30－16：30(UK time) and is similar on both days so you should only need to attend one of the days.”可知，作者建议7月开放日的两天只参加一天。故选D。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据Booking information部分“Bookings for our September Open Day will open in summer 2023，after the July Open Days.”可知，9月的开放日应该是在7月开放日后报名。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了普渡大学的科学家们创造了世界上最白的涂料——这一发现不仅为“我们应该把这面墙涂成哪种白色”的困境增加了另一个选择，而且可能有助于解决气候危机。
4．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a discovery that...might help the climate crisis”以及第二段中的“It works through a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost and global warming.”可知，这种涂料有助于解决气候危机。故选D。]
5．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In a Queens blackout in 2006,175,000 people were left without power，which lead to 40 deaths.This paint could effectively be an alternative to air conditioners in some places.”可推知，皇后区停电事件是为了说明涂料的意义。故选B。]
6．B [细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The paint reflects 98.1% of solar radiation while also giving out infrared(红外线的) heat.Because the paint takes in less heat from the sun than it gives out，a surface coated with this paint is cooled below the surrounding temperature without using power.”可知，第四段主要谈论了涂料的功能。故选B。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“You can’t buy the paint just yet，but researchers are partnering with a company to put the paint on the market.”可推知，研究人员希望看到这种涂料在商业上的应用。故选C。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在我们的生活中，我们经常容易陷入比较陷阱，从而影响自己。专家建议我们要关注自己，和自己比较。
8．D [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although comparing can be good for you，it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap.This is when you always measure yourself against others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing.”可知，比较陷阱会让我们总是把自己的感受建立在别人的成就上。故选D。]
9．B [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“‘Comparing up’ means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to inspire yourself to aim higher and try harder.However，Goddard-Hill says，‘Sometimes it can make you feel rubbish about yourself and knock your confidence.’‘Comparing down’ is when you see someone who seems like they’re not doing as well as you.This might make you feel you’re doing well，says Goddard-Hill，but it can also stop you wanting to improve.”可知，“比上”和“比下”都既有优点又有缺点。故选B。]
10．A [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Finally，focus on your own achievements and how you can improve.‘The best person you can compete with is yourself，’ says Goddard-Hill.”可知，Goddard-Hill建议我们与自己竞争，力争做最好的自己就好。故选A。]
11．C [文章出处题。根据倒数第二段中的“Becky Goddard-Hill is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings) and author of Create Your Own Confidence.She says that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.”可知，文章主要讲述的是比较会让我们的心理不健康，所以这篇文章选自健康专栏。故选C。]强化练(五) 推理判断题(3)
A
(2023·山东聊城一模)
Cambridge Open Days，July and September 2023
Every July and September，the University of Cambridge opens its doors to welcome prospective applicants and their parents and supporters to find out what it’s really like to live and study here.
July Open Days－6 and 7 July 2023
Our next Open Days will take place on 6 and 7 July 2023 and will include both online and in-person elements.You can find out all about our courses，the Colleges and departments，University facilities，the application process，student life and finance via：
Information stands
Course presentations and sample lectures
College and department tours
Q & A sessions with current students and staff
The programme will run from 9：30－16：30(UK time) and is similar on both days so you should only need to attend one of the days.Further details will be announced in due course.
September Open Day－15 September 2023
With a focus on choosing your College，our September Open Day provides another opportunity for you to visit the Cambridge Colleges and ask current students and staff any questions you may have.
Booking information
To attend our Open Days you must register in advance.
Bookings for our July Open Days will open in May 2023.
Bookings for our September Open Day will open in summer 2023，after the July Open Days.
Subscribe to our Student Newsletter to be notified when bookings open and for details of other opportunities，advice and resources.
1．Who will be most interested in Cambridge Open Days
A．Its previous applicants.
B．Its possible students.
C．High school graduates.
D．Its cooperative partners.
2．What can we learn about July Opening Days
A．The programme hours will add up to seven.
B．Participants will offer a course presentation.
C．The programme will be virtual.
D．It is advisable to attend one of the days.
3．What should you do if you want to attend September Open Day
A．Ask college staff’s permission.
B．Make an appointment in May.
C．Register after July Open Days.
D．Sign up for it in Student Newsletter.
B
(2023·浙江温州三模)
Scientists at Purdue University created the world’s whitest paint—a discovery that not only adds yet another choice to the “which white should we paint this wall” dilemma，but also might help the climate crisis.
The paint was developed by Purdue mechanical engineering professor Xiulin Ruan and his team.It works through a passive cooling technology that offers great promises to reduce space cooling cost and global warming.“When we started this project seven years ago，we had saving energy and fighting climate change in mind，” Ruan said in a podcast(播客) episode of This Is Purdue.They wanted to create a paint that would reflect sunlight away from a building，dramatically decreasing the need for air conditioning.
Heating，cooling，and lighting account for 28 percent of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions.And overusing air conditioning can overwhelm a city’s power grid and cause blackouts(停电)．In a Queens blackout in 2006,175,000 people were left without power，which lead to 40 deaths.This paint could effectively be an alternative to air conditioners in some places.
The paint reflects 98.1% of solar radiation while also giving out infrared(红外线的) heat.Because the paint takes in less heat from the sun than it gives out，a surface coated with this paint is cooled below the surrounding temperature without using power.Covering a roof area of 1,000 square feet with the paint could create 10 kilowatts of cooling power，the researchers found.“That’s more powerful than the air conditioners used by most houses，”Ruan told This Is Purdue.
You can’t buy the paint just yet，but researchers are partnering with a company to put the paint on the market.While individual action to fight climate change can help save our planet，it’s important to note that the vast majority of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions can be traced back to 100 companies.Maybe we can douse(浇) those companies with this white paint，too—it could be worth a shot.
4．What is known about the paint
A．It has different colors.
B．It doesn’t cost much.
C．It uses heating technology.
D．It is climate-friendly.
5．What is the Queens blackout mentioned to show
A．The poor management of power.
B．The significance of the paint.
C．The importance of air conditioning.
D．The result of global warming.
6．Which aspect of the paint is talked about in paragraph 4
A．Its application.
B．Its function.
C．Its composition.
D．Its disadvantage.
7．What can be learned from the last paragraph
A．The quality of the paint needs improving.
B．The paint will bring profits to the 100 companies.
C．Researchers want to see the paint in commercial use.
D．Individual efforts matter in creating the whitest paint.
C
(2023·广东茂名二模)
Do you often compare yourself to other people？Comparisons can help to make decisions and motivate you but they can also pull you into a comparison trap.
Whether it’s the number of goals you’ve scored at football or how many books you’ve read，it’s easy to compare yourself to someone else.Scientists say it’s a natural behaviour that helps humans learn from each other，live happily together and achieve more.Although comparing can be good for you，it’s not always helpful and you can find yourself stuck in a comparison trap.This is when you always measure yourself against others and base your feelings on how well they seem to be doing.
Becky Goddard-Hill is a child therapist (someone who helps children understand their feelings) and author of Create Your Own Confidence.She says that comparisons can make us feel good and bad about ourselves.“Comparing up” means seeing someone doing better than you and using that to inspire yourself to aim higher and try harder.However，Goddard-Hill says，“Sometimes it can make you feel rubbish about yourself and knock your confidence.” “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they’re not doing as well as you.This might make you feel you’re doing well，says Goddard-Hill，but it can also stop you wanting to improve.
If your feelings depend on what other people are doing，“Surround yourself with cheerleaders，” suggests Goddard-Hill.Notice how people make you feel and spend time with friends who celebrate your strengths rather than compare themselves to you.If you follow social media accounts that make you feel you are failing in any way，unfollow them.“Find ones that make you laugh or show you lovely places instead，” she says.Finally，focus on your own achievements and how you can improve.“The best person you can compete with is yourself，” says Goddard-Hill.
8．How does a comparison trap affect us
A．It makes us focus on our own behaviour.
B．It stops us from learning from each other.
C．It prevents us from living happily together.
D．It bases our feelings on others’ achievements.
9．What’s true about “Comparing up” and “Comparing down”？
A．Both of them usually enhance our confidence.
B．Both of them have advantages and disadvantages.
C．The former is positive while the latter is negative.
D．The former makes us feel good while the latter makes us feel bad.
10．What does Goddard-Hill suggest
A．Aiming to be our best.
B．Trying to be the best.
C．Trying to be a cheerleader.
D．Valuing someone else’s achievements.
11．In which section of the magazine can you find the passage
A．Achievement. B．Entertainment.
C．Health. D．Politics.
