人与社会
知考法 明考向：高考文章多从“良好的人际关系与社会交往”“公益事业与志愿服务”“文学、艺术与体育”“科学与技术”以及“历史、社会与文化”等主题语境选材。文章内容通常是通过志愿活动，培养学生的担当精神；通过科技发展和技术创新，培养学生科学探索的精神；通过文学、艺术与体育，培养学生的美育意识、健康意识，进一步落实五育并举的命题思想。高考通过这些语篇，引导学生在理解文章内容和作者观点态度的基础上关注人际交往、科技进步，培养审美情趣、服务社会精神，全面发展核心素养。
题材3 社会交往与志愿服务
A
passion/'p ( )n/n.激情，热情
accompany/ 'k mp ni/v.陪伴，陪同；为……伴奏
witness/'w tn s/n.目击者，证人 v．目击，目睹；见证
estimate/'est m t/v.估计；估算 n．估计，估价
threaten/'θret( )n/v.威胁，恐吓；危及
sustainable/s 'ste n b( )l/adj.可持续的；不破坏生态平衡的
rural/'r r l/adj.农村的，乡村的
access/' kses/n.入口，通道；获得的机会，使用权 v．接近，进入，获取
focus on集中于
rather than而不是
B
strategy/'str t d i/n.策略；行动计划
randomly/'r nd mli/adv.随机地；胡乱地
outcome/'a tk m/n.结果；效果
previous/'pri vi s/adj.以前的，先前的
assign/ 'sa n/v.分派，布置
obvious/' bvi s/adj.明显的，显然的
generalize/'d enr la z/v.概括，归纳；将……类推到；扩大……的运用
have...in common with与……有共同之处
figure out解决；算出，想出
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·安徽、云南、吉林、黑龙江四省联考)
As a young girl growing up in France，Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place.Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification.“Within 10 years，rich farmers became worse off，and in 10 years from now they will be poor.I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts(干旱) have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change.She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops，using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers(肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012，Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert.She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action.“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are.Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.”
By September 2016，more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms，with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate.Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.She expects to plant 1 million trees by 2018.In the next couple of years，Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
1．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her
A．They made her decide to leave the country.
B．They helped her better understand her father.
C．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others.
D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.
2．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland
A．Low rainfall. B．Soil pollution.
C．Cold weather. D．Forest damage.
3．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia
A．To create job opportunities for young people.
B．To help the children obtain a basic education.
C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers.
D．To facilitate the protection of their farmland.
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Saving Water in Tunisia
B．Planting Trees of Native Species
C．Holding Back the Sahara
D．Fighting Poverty in North Africa
B
(2023·山东济南一模)
In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend to think they should speak less than half the conversation time to be likable.But we’ve discovered this idea is wrong.Our data shows that people tend to think they should speak about 45% of the time to be likable in a one-on-one conversation with someone new.However，it appears speaking up a bit more is actually a better strategy.
In our research，we randomly assigned people to speak for 30%,40%,50%,60% of the time in a conversation with someone new.We found that the more they spoke，the more they were liked by their new partners.This was only one study with 116 participants，but the outcome is supported by other researchers’ findings.For example，a previous study randomly assigned one in a pair to take on the role of “speaker” and the other to take on the role of “listener”．After engaging in 12-minute interactions，listeners liked speakers more than speakers liked listeners because listeners felt more similar to speakers than speakers did to listeners.This outcome suggests the reason people prefer those who speak up：Learning more about a new partner can make you feel like you have more in common with him or her.
Further，we assigned people to speak for up to 70% and even 90% of the time.The result shows it is not an ideal strategy.Our research does not suggest people hold down a conversational partner but rather that they feel comfortable speaking up more than they usually might.
Research like ours can help people gain a more reasonable understanding of social interactions with new people and become more confident about how to make a good first impression.It has the obvious benefit of allowing us to carefully control speaking time.However，it does not reflect more natural conversations.Future research should figure out whether our findings generalize to more natural interactions.
5．What is the common belief concerning conversations with strangers
A．Speaking a little less is preferred.
B．Speaking half the time is the best.
C．Listeners are more likable than speakers.
D．Listeners fail to control the conversations.
6．How was the research carried out
A．By analyzing speaking habits.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By listing examples.
D．By collecting data.
7．What is the disadvantage of the research
A．The conversation time is limited.
B．Further study is hard to continue.
C．The findings are less widely applicable.
D．Interactions with strangers are missing.
8．In which situation can the research finding be applied
A．Attending a family gathering.
B．Partying with your friends.
C．Meeting a new teacher.
D．Making a public speech.题材2 职业与创新
A
option/' p ( )n/n.可选择的事物；选择
qualified/'kw l fa d/adj.具备……的学历(资格)的
position/p 'z ( )n/n.位置，地点；职务，职位
flexible/'fleks b( )l/adj.灵活的；可弯曲的
delivery/d 'l v ri/n.递送，投递
license/'la s( )ns/n.执照，许可证；特许
relevant/'rel v nt/adj.有关的；切题的
representative/ repr 'zent t v/adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．代表，代理人
highlight/'ha la t/v.突出，强调 n．最好(或最精彩、最激动人心)的部分
under pressure在压力之下
land a job找到工作
land 熟义：v.着陆，降落 生义：v.获得(本文为此义)
B
vacation/ve 'ke ( )n/n.假期 v．度假
maintain/me n'te n/v.保持，维持；维修
continuous/k n't nju s/adj.连续的；频繁的
component/k m'p n nt/n.组成部分；成分
version/'v ( )n/n.版本
concept/'k nsept/n.概念；观念
(be) aware of意识到，觉察到
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·浙江温州第二次适应性考试)
It’s not easy to find a job.Many jobs have age or experience requirements that you might not meet.On top of that，you need to juggle(同时应付) schoolwork，extracurriculars，and your social life.Fortunately，there are still some good jobs for you to start gaining working experience.
Tutor
Straight-A student？Then a job as a tutor(家庭教师) might be the best option for you.Helping younger students with their homework is a great way to put what you’ve studied to good use and make some extra money.One of the easiest ways to show that you’re qualified to teach other students is by listing your GPA(Grade Point Average) on your tutor resume.
Dog Walker
Love dogs？Then a position as a dog walker is the perfect fit for you.Dog walking requires no work experience and has flexible hours.However，you may need to do some shadowing or an interview before people trust you with their pets.
Delivery Driver
If you’re 16＋years old and have a driver’s license，you could try working as a delivery driver.Driving is a great way to gain relevant experience and show future employers that you’re responsible and work well under pressure.
Call Center Representative
If you don’t mind talking on the phone，then a job as a call center worker is a good choice for you.Working as a call center representative can even teach you some useful customer service skills that will help your career later on.To land a job at a call center，highlight your customer service and interpersonal skills on your resume.
1．Who are the passage intended for
A．Parents. B．Teachers.
C．Students. D．Employers.
2．What qualifies you as a tutor
A．Relevant experience.
B．Timely homework completion.
C．Flexible time schedule.
D．Impressive academic performance.
3．Which job requires good social skills
A．Tutor.
B．Dog walker.
C．Delivery driver.
D．Call center representative.
B
(2023·山东泰安一模)
There have been numerous attempts to create an all-plastic bike.But most have never passed through the prototype stage(原型机阶段)．Igus，a Germany-based manufacturer of high-performance plastics，and Dutch start-up MTRL aim to change that with the igus：bike—the world’s first urban bike crafted almost entirely from recycled plastic.
Igus CEO Frank Blasé first got the idea while vacationing on a Florida beach in 2009.A conversation with some employees from a rental company made him aware of the challenges of maintaining beach bicycles.The continuous exposure to sand，wind and salt water caused the bikes to rust(生锈) rapidly.Many had to be replaced in only three months.
The igus：bike，unveiled at a German trade show，is maintainable and rust-free.It can be left outdoors in all weathers and does not require lubricant oil(润滑油) to reduce friction between parts.Since it does not attract sand，dust or dirt，the bike can be cleaned with a garden hose(水管) in seconds.
“As all components are made of plastic，no part of the bike rusts，even the gears—bicycle gears made of plastic were unthinkable for a long time，” Blasé says.
The igus：bike will also help combat the world’s plastic pollution.The company says a single adult bike gives new life to about 16 kilograms of single-use plastic that would otherwise choke our landfills or waterways.
Currently,90 percent of the igus：bike is made using recycled plastic.This includes the bicycle’s frame，bearings，pedals and wheel rims.Igus and MTRL believe future versions will be made entirely from recycled plastic.
“From ocean plastics to motion plastics—the igus：bike concept has what it takes to become a high-tech ecological product，” says MTRL co-founder Benjamin Alderse Baas.
The plastic bikes are expected to come onto the market in 2023.An adult model，made entirely from recycled plastic，will cost about ?1,400.A slightly cheaper version made using new plastic and an electric bike are also in the works.Igus also plans on sharing its technology with other bicycle manufacturers.
4．What made Igus CEO Frank Blas? seek to create the igus：bike
A．His holidaying in Florida last year.
B．The conversation between him and some bicyclers.
C．The trouble of keeping beach bicycles in good condition.
D．The prolonged exposure of bikes on the beach.
5．What can we learn about the igus：bike from the text
A．It will certainly sell well.
B．It needs to be more portable.
C．It can be used everywhere and freely.
D．It is rustless and cleans easily.
6．What can be inferred about the future plastic bikes
A．They will be cheaper and lighter.
B．They will be more high-tech economical.
C．They will be crafted from only recycled plastics.
D．They will be used widely all over the world.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．A bike made from recycled plastics.
B．How to make rust-free bikes.
C．An excellent bicycle manufacturer.
D．How to maintain beach bikes.人与自我
知考法 明考向：高考文章多从“个人生活”“健康的生活方式”“学校生活”“语言学习”“做人做事”等方面选材。文章内容通常是引导考生养成健康的生活方式、积极的生活态度，形成优秀品行、正确的人生观和价值观等。“人与自我”中的人物故事是高考中的重要话题，高考命题人选材青睐于催人奋进的感人故事或是富有哲理的、令人深思的故事。因此，考生要多从积极的、正能量的方向去获取文章大意和写作意图。
题材1 学习与生活
A
application/ pl 'ke ( )n/n.申请；申请书，申请表
intensive/ n'tens v/adj.强化的；速成的
undergraduate/ nd 'ɡr d u t/n.大学本科生
foundation/fa n'de ( )n/n.基础；基本原理
architecture/'ɑ k tekt (r)/n.建筑设计；建筑风格
B
solution/s 'lu ( )n/n.解决办法
assignment/ 'sa nm nt/n.工作，任务；分派
existing/ ɡ'z st /adj.现存的，现行的
motion/'m n/n.运动，移动；动作
assistance/ 's st ns/n.帮助，援助
a range of一系列的
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·安徽合肥二模)
Summer Programs are available to students upon application.Please consult individual course descriptions for restrictions and requirements.
Intensive Beginning Swahili
Intensive Beginning Swahili is a summer abroad course for students who have no prior proficiency(熟练) in the Swahili language.The course is taught in Swahili and focuses on acquiring beginner-level skills to perform basic communication functions in the culture of Swahili speakers.
Open to current first-year undergraduates，sophomores(大学二年级学生) and juniors.
Dates：25 June－20 August
Intermediate Chinese
This course is a four-week summer intensive language course，conducted in person at Princeton Theological Seminary.Students work on developing a strong foundation for modern spoken and written Chinese，with emphasis on the reading of contemporary Chinese dialogue.
Enrollment by application or interview.
Dates：10 July－6 August
Studies in Spanish Language and Style
This is an intensive，full immersion(沉浸) course in Spanish language and Argentine history，culture and art.Students develop advanced language skills while studying language in context，through the exploration of the city of Buenos Aires，its architecture，museums，and cultural and political life.
Open to students who have completed the Spanish language requirement.
Dates：18 July－20 August
Accelerated Summer Study
Taught at the Scuola Normale Superiore of Pisa，Italy，the course will be team-taught by a resident Princeton faculty and an SNS faculty member.The course is designed to increase students’ writing and speaking language proficiency levels and enable students to understand Italian culture，history and literature while exploring the foreign city.
Not open to Seniors.
Dates：24 July－24 August
1．Which course begins earliest
A．Intermediate Chinese.
B．Accelerated Summer Study.
C．Intensive Beginning Swahili.
D．Studies in Spanish Language and Style.
2．What can the students taking Intermediate Chinese do
A．Attend online lectures.
B．Practice spoken Chinese.
C．Develop social skills.
D．Learn classical Chinese.
3．What do the last two courses have in common
A．They follow the idea of learning by doing.
B．They are taught in the same target language.
C．They last for the whole month of July.
D．They are open to any college student.
B
(2023·重庆三模)
Aasritha Duriseti recently noticed her grandmother’s difficulty opening a bottle cap.Fortunately，she found a solution in her eighth-grade engineering class at Carson Middle School in Herndon，Virginia，whose assignment was to adapt existing products to make daily life easier for people with challenges.
Aasritha’s creativity kicked in as she researched existing bottle-opening devices.She used a piece of wood shaped like a cellphone and put three holes on it，each in different sizes and lined with a layer of dried，sticky hot glue，which provided firm grips(防滑力) for common bottle caps.With a simple twisting(拧) motion，her grandmother could open bottles without assistance.
“Students in the class used more than their math，physics and tool skills.They also learned to look at problems from another’s point of view，” said Teacher Mark Bolt.“Engineers need to put themselves in their product users’ shoes to build effective solutions.”
Other students in the class also showed sensitivity as they watched friends and family struggle with daily tasks.
Michael Kuwashima noticed how dyslexia—a reading disorder that the brain tends to confuse the order of numbers，letters and other images—made it difficult for a friend to follow along on pages full of text.Therefore，Michael created a small adjustable window-blind-style device.“My friend could isolate(分离) small sections of text while reading，” he said.
Arjan Garg focused on a different problem.Sometimes putting on clothes can be hard for people with a limited range of motion.Arjan created a “dressing stick” using four wood sticks of different sizes to fit different clothing.
The students tried different versions of their products along the way to make the best one to show the class.
Rather than requiring step-by-step directions for creating their projects，Bolt preferred to leave students’ creative paths open.“If we want to do better，we have to have a chance to fail，” he said.
4．Why did Aasritha create a new bottle-opening device
A．She hoped to get a higher score.
B．She was interested in engineering.
C．She had difficulty opening bottle caps.
D．She wanted to help her grandmother.
5．What did students learn from the class
A．Working with others.
B．Conducting field experiments.
C．Understanding others’ feelings.
D．Communicating with product users.
6．How did students finish their assignment
A．With the aid of a guidebook.
B．Through trial and error.
C．With the help of classmates.
D．Under the detailed instruction.
7．What is the text mainly about
A．An inspiring class.
B．An excellent teacher.
C．Some scientific methods.
D．Some talented students.题材4 文学与艺术
A
update/ p'de t/v.为……增加最新信息；更新
exhibition/ eks 'b ( )n/n.展览
musical/'mju z k( )l/adj.音乐的 n．音乐剧
feature/'fi t (r)/n.特色；特征；特写，专题节目 v．以……为特色；占重要地位
award/ 'w d/n.奖，奖品 v．授予，颁发
band/b nd/n.乐队
decade/'deke d/n.十年，十年期
ancestor/' nsest (r)/n.祖先，祖宗
take sb/sth by storm在某处大获成功；迅速征服观众
be the talk of...……成为热议话题
(be) involved in参与；卷入；涉及……
be determined to do决心做……
B
masterpiece/'mɑ st pi s/n.代表作，杰作
channel/'t n( )l/n.频道；途径
substance/'s bst ns/n.物质；根据；要点
episodic/ ep 's d k/adj.(电视、小说等)连载的
odd/ d/adj.奇怪的，反常的
consume/k n'sju m/v.消耗；消费
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·广东广州一模)
Check out what’s coming soon，and what’s in development.Playbill will update these listings when new information is made available.
THE COLLABORATION at Samuel J．Friedman Theatre
The play tells a true story in New York.Fifty-six-year-old Warhol’s star is falling.Jean is the new wonder-kid taking the art world by storm.When Jean agrees to work together with Warhol on a new exhibition，it soon becomes the talk of the city.The two artists set foot on a shared journey，both artistic and deeply personal，which redraws both their worlds.
ALMOST FAMOUS at Bernard B．Jacobs Theatre
Based on the 2000 film of the same name，the musical features Pulitzer winner Kitt and a book by Crowe，who earned an Oscar award for penning the original film based on his own teenage experience.The coming-of-age story tracks a 15-year-old music fan named William who follows the emerging band Stillwater on tour.
THE PIANO LESSON at Ethel Barrymore Theatre
The play is the fourth in Wilson’s Century Cycle，which digs into the Black experience in every decade of the 20th century.Set in Pittsburgh’s Hill District in 1936，it centers around a brother and a sister involved in a battle over a piano carved with the faces of their ancestors.
KIMBERLY AKIMBO at Booth Theatre
Kim is a bright and funny high school girl，who happens to look like a 72-year-old lady.And yet her aging disease may be the least of her problems.Forced to deal with family secrets，and possible crime charges，Kim is determined to explore happiness in a world where not even time is on her side.
1．What kind of play is THE COLLABORATION
A．A romance. B．A sci-fi story.
C．A fairy tale. D．A life story.
2．What can you see in ALMOST FAMOUS
A．Struggles against crime charges.
B．Cutting-edge film technology.
C．A teenager’s growth experiences.
D．An award-winning performance.
3．In which theatre will KIMBERLY AKIMBO be shown
A．Samuel J．Friedman Theatre.
B．Bernard B．Jacobs Theatre.
C．Ethel Barrymore Theatre.
D．Booth Theatre.
B
Recently，Ian Worthington—the multi-talented animator/musician/voice actor known as Worthikids online—released the latest episode of his animated masterpiece，Bigtop Burger，on his YouTube channel.Bigtop Burger is a delightful little series about a food truck run by clowns(小丑)．
Worthington’s animation blurs(模糊) the line between 2D and 3D.The voice cast，meanwhile，is clearly having fun with the material，their interactions giving the impression of a bunch of friends bouncing off one another naturally.Supporting that effect is the noticeable difference in certain characters’ microphone quality—lending the whole production a handmade，human feel that popular animation often lacks.
But Bigtop Burger isn’t just attractive production and no substance.What begins as an episodic series about the everyday lives of food truck employees putting up with an odd boss soon begins to point at a centuries-old conflict between clowns and the undead.The last but one episode of the first season introduces Zomburger，a rival(竞争的) food truck run by the larger-than-life Cesare，but only by listening to the original soundtrack could fans guess at what was to come.Season Two’s stories are developed in the order of time，and the latest episode，“Down”，goes all in on the supernatural description.Taking its title from the song that gives a hint(暗示)，“Down” is where Cesare’s plans come to fruition，ending in a one-sided showdown with Steve，Bigtop Burger’s owner and certified “genuine clown”，whom he overpowers completely.It’s an especially rewarding moment for fans who picked up on the hints early.
If you aren’t watching Bigtop Burger，you should be.With each episode a mere few minutes long，it’s an easy series to consume in one sitting.There is no excuse not to watch it.Anyway，Bigtop Burger is without doubt one of the best animated series currently available on YouTube.Give it a look-see and you won’t be disappointed.
4．What is paragraph 2 mainly about concerning the animation
A．Its cinematic feature.
B．Its shooting background.
C．Its detailed content.
D．Its microphone quality.
5．What does the author suggest viewers do to better appreciate the first season
A．View it repeatedly.
B．Pick up on the hints in advance.
C．Put on 3D glasses.
D．Refer to the original soundtrack.
6．What do the underlined words “come to fruition” mean in paragraph 3
A．Break down. B．Achieve success.
C．Get cancelled. D．Get approved.
7．What is the purpose of the text
A．To introduce an animation.
B．To think highly of a musician.
C．To persuade audience to watch.
D．To recommend an online channel.题材1
1．C [细节理解题。通过比较四项课程的开设日期可知，Intensive Beginning Swahili开课最早，6月25日开始，其余三项都是7月开始。故选C。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据Intermediate Chinese部分的“Students work on developing a strong foundation for modern spoken and written Chinese...”可知，学习中级汉语的学生可以练习汉语口语。故选B。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据Studies in Spanish Language and Style部分的“Students develop advanced language skills...through the exploration of the city...and cultural and political life.”以及Accelerated Summer Study部分的“The course is designed to increase...while exploring the foreign city.”可知，最后两门课都是通过亲身探索来学习，遵循“在实践中学习”的理念。故选A。]
语篇解读 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了在Carson中学八年级的机械工程课上，学生们不仅学会了通过对现有设备的改造使周围人的生活更加便利，而且还学会了站在他人的角度去思考，关心他人的需求。
4．D [推理判断题。由第一段中“Aasritha Duriseti recently noticed her grandmother’s difficulty opening a bottle cap.”可知，Aasritha发明一种新的开瓶装置是因为她想帮助她的祖母。故选D。]
5．C [细节理解题。由第三段的“They also learned to look at problems from another’s point of view”可知，学生们在该课上学会了理解他人的感受。故选C。]
6．B [推理判断题。由最后一段内容可知，老师没有给学生具体的指导，而是鼓励他们发挥创造力，允许他们犯错，由此可推知，学生是通过自主探索、试错来完成作业的。故选B。]
7．A [主旨大意题。通读全文可知，该篇文章主要讲述Carson中学八年级的机械工程课引导学生们改进或发明实用设备，同时教会学生从他人的角度去思考问题，即文章主要介绍一堂有启发性的课。故选A。]
题材2
1．C [读者对象题。根据第一段的“On top of that，you need to juggle(同时应付) schoolwork，extracurriculars，and your social life.”可知，这篇文章是写给学生的。故选C。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据Tutor部分的最后一句可知，证明你有家教的资格的最容易的方式之一就是出示你的成绩，说明令人印象深刻的学业表现使你有做家教的资格。故选D。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据Call Center Representative部分的最后一句可知，要想在呼叫中心找到一份工作，就在简历上突出你的客户服务和人际交往能力，人际交往能力和客户服务能力属于社交技巧，因此推断出客服代表这份工作需要良好社交技巧。故选D。]
4．C [推理判断题。由文章第二段内容可知，他在度假时了解到沙滩自行车很难维护，所以想要改变这一情况，这是他要制作igus：bike的原因，故选C。]
5．D [细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“The igus：bike...is maintainable and rust-free.”和“can be cleaned with a garden hose(水管) in seconds”可知，这款单车不易生锈且易于清洗，故选D。]
6．C [推理判断题。根据文章第六段中的“Igus and MTRL believe future versions will be made entirely from recycled plastic.”可知，未来的塑料单车有望完全由回收塑料制成，故选C。]
7．A [主旨大意题。 综合分析文章可知，文章主要介绍了这款由回收塑料制成的单车的构想起源、优势、研发现状以及发展前景，因此，全文主要是介绍这款由回收塑料制成的单车，故选A。]
题材3
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米创立了“Acacias for All”项目，改善当地农业，实践其可持续农业的理念。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“Her passion to help others was awakened when...country during holidays.”可知，Toumi去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选C。]
2．A [细节理解题。根据第一段中“A decrease in average rainfall and...being threatened by desertification.”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选A。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据第三段中“She moved to Tunisia...to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action.”可知，她创立“Acacias for All”项目的目的是实践她的科学可持续的农业理论，以保护当地的农田。故选D。]
4．C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述的是主人公Toumi创立了“Acacias for All”项目，坚持阻止撒哈拉沙漠的扩张，实践其可持续农业的理念。故选C。]
5．A [细节理解题。根据第一段中“In conversations with strangers，people commonly tend to think they should speak less than half the conversation time to be likable.”可知，关于与陌生人交谈的普遍看法是“少说一点是更好的”。故选A。]
6．B [细节理解题。根据第二段中“In our research，we randomly assigned...they spoke，the more they were liked by their new partners.”可知，该研究是通过比较不同说话时长对受欢迎程度的影响来实施的。故选B。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However，it does not reflect...generalize to more natural interactions.”可知，这项研究的缺点是“这些发现的适用性不够广泛”。故选C。]
8．C [推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一项关于如何与陌生人互动交往的研究，所以该研究发现可以应用于“与一位新老师初次见面”的情境，其中new是关键词。故选C。]
题材4
语篇解读 这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部即将上映的戏剧。
1．D [细节理解题。根据THE COLLABORATION部分的“The play tells a true story in New York.”可知，这部戏剧讲述的是一个真实的故事。故选D。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据ALMOST FAMOUS部分的“...based on his own teenage experience.The coming-of-age story tracks a 15-year-old music fan named William...”可知，在这部音乐剧里观众可以了解一个孩子的成长经历。故选C。]
3．D [细节理解题。根据KIMBERLY AKIMBO at Booth Theatre可知，这部音乐剧将会在Booth Theatre上演。故选D。]
4．A [段落大意题。根据第二段提到的拍摄技术、配音演员的互动等可推知，本段主要在讲这部动画片的一些特色。故选A。]
5．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...the first season introduces...but only by listening to the original soundtrack could fans guess at what was to come”可知，只有听原声带才可以猜出会发生什么，由此可知，作者建议观众听原声带以更好地欣赏影片。故选D。]
6．B [词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“ending in a one-sided showdown”可知，Cesare的计划最终取得了压倒性的胜利，由此推知画线词“come to fruition”表示“完成，成功”。故选B。]
7．C [写作意图题。根据最后一段中的“If you aren’t watching Bigtop Burger，you should be.”以及“There is no excuse not to watch it.”可知，本文作者介绍这部动画片的目的是说服观众去观看这部动画片。故选C。]
