题材5
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤。
1．C [细节理解题。根据第二段的“The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.”可知，这种电子皮肤的独特之处是提供并复制触感。故选C。]
2．D [词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文“When the signals are received...from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.”可知，接收器可以接收信号并模拟触觉，也可以将接收者的电子皮肤产生的震动发送给信号发出者的制动器。由此可知，这个过程是可以互换的。由此猜测画线词“reversed”意为“互换”，与exchanged同义。故选D。]
3．A [细节理解题。根据第四段的“Friends and family in different places...reduces the sense of distance in human communication.”可知，这种电子皮肤减少了人们交流中的距离感，即它可以加强跨越距离的联系。故选A。]
4．C [标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种可以让人们通过互联网感受“拥抱”的电子皮肤，它通过提供和传递触感减少人们交流中的距离感。因此C项“一种虚拟互动的设备”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能ChatGPT的特点、存在的问题以及人们对ChatGPT的看法。
5．D [细节理解题。根据第一段中“Its ability to provide in-depth answers to user questions...technology companies.”和第二段中“The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense.”可知，ChatGPT的独特之处是它可以参与有意义的对话。故选D。]
6．A [细节理解题。根据第二段“The intelligent robot understands what...makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic.”可知，信息处理能力使ChatGPT有助于研究各种主题。故选A。]
7．A [细节理解题。根据第四段中“ChatGPT cannot think on its own...check the information no matter how logical it sounds.”可知，ChatGPT用户在使用它时必须谨慎是因为ChatGPT本身无法思考。故选A。]
8．C [观点态度题。根据最后一段“However，ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators.”可推知，作者客观地列举了其他人对ChatGPT的不同看法，没有提到自己对ChatGPT的态度，故推知作者对ChatGPT持客观态度。故选C。]
题材6
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了海洋生物学家Miller 在观察到触目惊心的塑料污染后，决心从源头上解决问题，创办了一家叫Nada的零浪费杂货店的故事。
1．D [写作意图题。根据第一段中“Miller knew she needed to do something.”已知文章话题，综合全文分析，第二段提到加拿大组织的评估和联合国的调查是为了补充背景信息。故选D。]
2．B [推理判断题。根据第四段的“Miller opened one of the first zero-waste grocery stores in Canada.”可推测出答案。故选B。]
3．A [推理判断题。 根据第四段可知Nada杂货店为做到“零浪费”，使用当地的供应材料、产品零包装、再次利用容器等，故可推断A 项符合“零浪费”的经营理念。]
4．C [标题归纳题。综合分析文章可知，文章讲述了海洋生物学家Miller 在观察到触目惊心的塑料污染后，决心从源头上解决问题，创办了一家叫Nada的零浪费杂货店的故事，所以C项“不寻常的浪费观察家”能概括文章主题，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。科学家发现，古罗马人使用了一种特殊的混凝土，这可能是古罗马建筑能长久存在的原因。
5.C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists believe the ancient Romans used a specific concrete which may account for its super-long existence.”可知，罗马斗兽场还能存在的原因是它含有一种特殊的材料。故选C。]
6．D [细节理解题。根据第二段中“A team of researchers recently discovered a magical power of the Roman concrete：self-healing.And the key actually lies in the tiny pieces of limestone.”可知，石灰石块的功能是使建筑能够自我修复。故选D。]
7．C [代词指代题。根据第三段中“Quicklime reacted with water and produced heat that set up a chemical foundation to strengthen the building material.”以及画线单词所在句中的“Meanwhile”可知，画线单词it指的就是上文提到的生石灰。故选C。]
8．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials—and then，you know，in turn，be better guards of our environment.”可推知，罗马人的智慧为环保建筑提供了启示。故选C。]
题材7
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Damiano了解入侵植物的过程以及如何避免种植入侵植物的建议。
1．C [推理判断题。根据第二段的“However，she told herself that the plant was not spreading on the property and that it was not out of control.”可知，当Damiano第一次得知紫色松花是入侵物种时，她没有认真对待这件事。故选C。]
2．B [细节理解题。根据第四段的“Those seeds grow into new plants that outgrow native plants.This is because invasive plants often are not eaten by local wildlife，which would otherwise keep them under control.”可知，入侵植物能比本土植物生长得更好是因为它们的天敌更少。故选B。]
3．A [段落大意题。根据第五段内容尤其是第二、三句可知，作者在第五段中主要想表达关于入侵植物的政策在不同地区有所不同。故选A。]
4．D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“You can also do your own research at libraries or online.”可知，园丁可以通过参阅书籍了解哪些植物具有入侵性来避免种植入侵植物。故选D。]
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究结果：曾经栖息在森林中的蜥蜴已经发生了基因变异，以求在城市中生存。
5．A [细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，研究人员发现，曾经栖息在森林中的蜥蜴已经发生了基因变异以求在城市中生存，即它们为适应城市而进化。故选A。]
6．D [细节理解题。根据第三段的“The study analyzed 96 Anolis lizards，comparing the genetic makeup of forest-dwellers to those living in Puerto Rico’s capital.”可知，研究人员通过分析对比生活在城市和森林里的阿诺利斯蜥蜴来进行研究。故选D。]
7．A [观点态度题。根据第四段中“The ultimate goal within the field of urban adaptive evolution is to find evidence for heritable traits and their genomic architecture.”可知，Wouter Halfwerk认为这项研究可以为城市适应性进化领域找到遗传特征及其基因组结构的证据。因而他对此研究是认可的。故选A。]
8．D [推理判断题。根据最后一段的“scientists should look next for possible constraints(限制) on the evolutionary response and how morphology relates to mating behavior”可知，接下来的研究可能关注进化反应的限制因素。故选D。]
题材8
语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国宇航局的DART航天器完成了改变小行星轨道的任务。
1．A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But that’s the movies.”可知，第一段描写的是电影情节。故选A。]
2．C [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For the first time，humanity has demonstrated the ability to change the orbit of an asteroid”可知，DART的任务是改变小行星的轨道。故选C。]
3．D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But this time，it was the ideal outcome.”可推断出工程师们欢呼是因为DART成功完成了任务。故选D。]
4．B [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“If any of those asteroids turns out to be on a collision course with Earth，the DART mission shows that changing its orbit is a realistic possibility.”可知，DART任务的意义是为小行星撞击提供了解决方案。故选B。]
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本隼鸟2号航天器从地球附近的小行星龙宫收集了5.4克的石头和尘埃，对这些石头和尘埃的分析发现了一个令人惊讶的成分：一滴水。这一发现为地球上的生命可能起源于外太空的理论提供了新的支持。
5．B [细节理解题。根据第三段中“The team’s latest discovery was a drop of water...‘...but we actually discovered water in Ryugu for the first time，’ Nakamura said.”可知，Nakamura的团队最近发现龙宫可以容纳液态水。故选B。]
6．A [词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Many researchers believe that water was brought from outer space，but we actually discovered water in Ryugu for the first time”以及第四段中“...the theory that asteroids such as Ryugu，or its larger parent asteroid，could have provided water”可知，本次液态水的发现能支持“小行星曾提供液态水”的理论，故可猜测，画线单词为“支持，支撑”的意思。 故选A。]
7．C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“The discovery offers new support for the theory that life on Earth may have originated from outer space.”可知，这一发现的意义是它为地球生命的起源提供了线索。故选C。]
8．D [观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Kensei Kobayashi，a scientist who is not part of the research group，applauded the discovery.” 可推知，Kobayashi对这一发现的态度是支持、赞赏的。故选D。]人与自然
知考法 明考向：高考文章多从“人与环境”“人与动植物”“宇宙探索”等几个方面选材。对“人与自然”关系的正确认知与态度是学生价值观和文化品格的一部分，在生态危机成为全球话题的今天，培养学生的生态环保意识、宣扬生态文明、关注人与自然和谐相处具有特定的价值和意义，有利于培养学生的社会担当意识。
题材6 环境与遗产保护
A
biologist/ba ' l d st/n.生物学家
remote/r 'm t/adj.边远的，偏僻的
alarming/ 'lɑ m ?/adj.骇人的，令人惊恐的
source/s s/n.来源，出处；根源
brand/br nd/n.品牌；类型
emphasis/'emf s s/n.重要性；重视；强调
sustainability/s ste n 'b l ti/n.可持续性
large amounts of许多，大量
pick up捡起；获得；收拾；不费力地学会
consist of由……组成；由……构成
B
survive/s 'va v/v.活下来，幸存；比……活得久
enormous/ 'n m s/adj.巨大的，极大的
construction/k n'str k n/n.建造；建筑
specific/sp 's f k/adj.明确的，具体的；特定的
concrete/'k kri t/熟义：adj.确实的；具体的
生义：n.混凝土(本文为此义)
fall apart崩溃，土崩瓦解
account for对……作出解释；(数量上、比例上)占；是……的说明(或原因)
turn out证明是，结果是
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
In the 2010s,34-year-old Brianne Miller travelled around the world as a marine(海洋的) biologist.No matter how remote the location，she made the same alarming discovery：large amounts of plastic littering the water and threatening marine life.Miller knew she needed to do something.
Canadians throw out three million tons of plastic waste each year.Groups Like A Greener Future，which organize litter clean-ups across Canada，estimate that 33 per cent of what they pick up comes from food packaging.About one third of all food produced worldwide goes to waste，too，according to a United Nations study.Miller determined to fix the problem at the source.
In 2015，she cold-called a Vancouver Patagonia store and，explaining how her mission mirrored that brand’s emphasis on sustainability，convinced its managers to host her first pop-up.Her goods consisted of about 10 jars of dried mangoes，locally made chocolate and nuts.She sold out in one afternoon—and knew she was onto something.
In June 2018，Miller opened one of the first zero-waste grocery stores in Canada.She named it Nada.All the food items in the store are 100 per cent package-free.As items approach their due date，the in-store café uses them to make baked goods，soups and more.To offer this variety，Miller buys from some 115 small，local companies.The suppliers must have a social or environmental mission，and just as importantly，they must work to reduce waste in their own supply chain.Miller also ensured everything was designed to make the zero-waste shopping experience easy.You can bring your own containers，though it’s not necessary：right by the front door are well-organized bins of “upcycled” glass or plastic containers，free for the taking.
Those containers do so much more than just reduce waste.They get people thinking big，just as Miller had hoped they would.
1．What is the purpose of paragraph 2
A．To attract readers.
B．To make comparisons.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To add background information.
2．What’s the grocery store Nada intended for
A．Making shopping experience easy.
B．Raising an awareness of food waste.
C．Introducing locally-made products.
D．Advocating the ban of plastic containers.
3．Which may be regarded as “a zero-waste way”？
A．Recycling containers.
B．Using imported materials.
C．Packaging food delicately.
D．Delivering food via fuel vehicles.
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text
A．An Alarming Discovery
B．A Successful Store
C．An Unusual Waste Watcher
D．A Novel Delivery
B
(2023·山西太原二模)
The Roman Colosseum(罗马圆形大剧场)，built around two thousand years ago，survived a 14th century earthquake and most of the 150-some foot high building is still standing.It has seen the rise and fall of enormous structures as well as the Roman Empire.Why could the ancient structure stand the test of time while many modern constructions fall apart after a few decades？Scientists believe the ancient Romans used a specific concrete which may account for its super-long existence.
Previous discoveries have confirmed the components of the Roman concrete：volcanic material，limestone(石灰石) and water.Architects suppose the volcanic material is what makes the building strong—which it does.But this is not enough to explain the architecture’s durability.A team of researchers recently discovered a magical power of the Roman concrete：self-healing.And the key actually lies in the tiny pieces of limestone.Worth mentioning is that researchers had taken them as impurities(杂质) due to the limitation of ancient technology.But it turned out that ancient Romans seemed to have discovered the secret.
When the Romans made the mixture，they heated up the limestone to turn it into quicklime(生石灰), a very reactive chemical.Quicklime reacted with water and produced heat that set up a chemical foundation to strengthen the building material.Meanwhile，it would “wear” a hard “shell”，forming limestone pieces.It was these pieces that stopped the cracks from becoming bigger.When there was rain，the pieces reacted with water again，quickly filling the cracks.
For material scientist Ainissa Ramirez，this new understanding of ancient Roman concrete is a welcome discovery.“This is one way that the material can be greener，” says Ramirez.“The Romans made the material.We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials—and then，you know，in turn，be better guards of our environment.”
5．Why could Roman Colosseum still exist according to the text
A．It was rebuilt constantly.
B．It met few natural disasters.
C．It contained a special material.
D．Its shape increased the stability.
6．What is the function of the limestone pieces
A．To purify the concrete.
B．To react with volcanic material.
C．To make the structure water-proof.
D．To enable the building to repair itself.
7．What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The rainwater. B．The foundation.
C．The quicklime. D．The limestone.
8．What can be inferred from Ainissa Ramirez’s words
A．Architects can get inspiration from ancient structures.
B．The Romans’ building method remains a secret till now.
C．Romans’ wisdom throws light on eco-friendly architecture.
D．Scientists are exploring how to guard the ancient civilization.题材7 人与动植物
A
spread/spred/v.展开；扩散，蔓延；传播
outgrow/ a t'ɡr /v.比……长得高(或大、快)
native/'ne t v/adj.本地的；当地的
shelter/' elt (r)/n.住处；遮蔽物，庇护处；(人或动物)收容所 v．提供庇护
agency/'e d nsi/n.服务机构；代理机构
ban/b n/n.禁止，禁令 v．禁止，取缔
ecological/ i k 'l d k( )l/adj.生态(学)的
out of control失去控制
in the end终于，最后
B
reside/r 'za d/v.居住在；定居于
sprout/spra t/v.生长；发芽；(使)出现 n．幼芽，新梢；苗
evolution/ i：v 'lu： n/n.进化；演变；发展
intensify/ n'tens fa /v.(使)增强；加剧
adapt/ 'd pt/v.(使)适应；改编，改写
design/d 'za n/v.设计；计划；筹划；制订；意欲 n．设计；布局；构思
analyze/' n la z/v.分析
detect/d 'tekt/v.发现；查明；侦察出
hang around(在某处附近)等待，逗留，闲荡
cling to紧抓；坚持；附着
be associated with与……有关
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·山东齐鲁名校3月大联考)
Jessica Damiano moved into a new home in the spring of 2005.At the time，she was delighted to see a flowering plant growing in the garden.She did not know the name of the beautiful plant.But that did not matter to her.She loved it!
Two years later，Damiano graduated from Cornell University’s master gardener program.She worked as a gardening writer for a local newspaper.That was when she found out the truth.She discovered that her favorite plant was called purple loose strife and that it was considered “invasive(入侵的)” in her home state of New York.However，she told herself that the plant was not spreading on the property and that it was not out of control.
Then she learned more.Some plants known to be invasive are what Damiano calls “wolves in sheep’s clothing”．This means they may seem harmless and well-contained in the garden but become harmful in other places.
Birds eat the seeds of invasive plants and spread them to other places.Those seeds grow into new plants that outgrow native plants.This is because invasive plants often are not eaten by local wildlife，which would otherwise keep them under control.If not controlled，invasive plants grow larger and push out native plants that provide food and shelter for birds，insects，and small animals.This harms the local environment.
Many state environmental agencies ban the sale and use of plants found to be harmful to human or ecological health.But some invasive plants are not officially considered invasive.Others may be listed as invasive in one area but not another.And some invasive plants continue to be sold in stores.
So，what is a gardener to do？Damiano says to avoid any plants sold as “vigorous”“fast-spreading”“quick-climbing” or a“rapid self-sower”．She warns that these are all sellers’ code words(暗号) for invasive plants.Next，learn about your local area：Which plants are invasive？And which plants are native？Ask government agencies，universities and colleges，and environmental groups.You can also do your own research at libraries or online.
In the end，Damiano replaced that plant with the native and equally beautiful blazing star plant.This plant has been growing happily without problems in her garden for the past 15 years.
1．How did Damiano react when she first learned purple loose strife was “invasive”？
A．She felt regretful for loving it.
B．She reported it to the government.
C．She didn’t take the fact seriously.
D．She got rid of the plant immediately.
2．Why can invasive plants grow better than native plants
A．They need less water.
B．They have fewer natural enemies.
C．They adapt to the environment quicker.
D．They have longer roots and bigger leaves.
3．What does the author mainly intend to express in paragraph 5
A．Policies about invasive plants vary in different areas.
B．Some invasive plants are not harmful.
C．Invasive plants are rarely seen in stores.
D．The government’s attitude to invasive plants is improper.
4．Which is a method the gardener can use to avoid planting invasive plants
A．Giving up any plants that sell well in the local area.
B．Choosing plants that can provide food for wild animals.
C．Refusing to say the code words of sellers for invasive plants.
D．Referring to books for information on which plants are invasive.
B
(2023·浙江宁波十校3月联考)
Lizards that once resided in forests but now hang around urban areas of Puerto Rico have genetically morphed(变化) to survive life in the city，researchers have found.
The Puerto Rican crested anole，a brown lizard with a bright orange throat fan，has sprouted special scales(鳞片) to better cling to smooth surfaces such as walls and windows，scientists say.“We are watching evolution as it’s unfolding，” said Kristin Winchel，a biology professor.As urbanization intensifies around the world，it’s important to understand how organisms adapt and humans can design cities in ways that support all species，Winchell said.
The study analyzed 96 Anolis lizards，comparing the genetic makeup of forest-dwellers to those living in Puerto Rico’s capital.Scientists found that 33 genes within the lizard genome were repeatedly associated with urbanization.
“You can hardly get closer to a smoking gun，” said Wouter Halfwerk，an evolutionary ecologist who was not involved in the study.He said he was impressed that the scientists were able to detect such a clear genomic signature of adaptation：“The ultimate goal within the field of urban adaptive evolution is to find evidence for heritable traits and their genomic architecture.”
The changes in these lizards，whose life spans are roughly seven years，can occur quickly，within 30 to 80 generations，enabling them to escape from predators and survive in urban areas，Winchell added.The larger limbs，for example，enable them to run more quickly across a hot parking lot，and the special scales to hold onto surfaces far more smooth than trees.
The study focused on adult male lizards，so it’s unclear whether females are changing in the same way or at the same rate as males，and at which point in a lizard’s life the changes are occurring.Halfwerk，whose own research showed how one frog species changed its mating call in urban areas，said scientists should look next for possible constraints(限制) on the evolutionary response and how morphology relates to mating behavior.
5．What do researchers find about lizards in the study
A．Lizards evolve to adapt to the human cities.
B．Lizards are not capable of surviving in the urban areas.
C．Lizards have a negative impact on smooth surfaces of modern buildings.
D．Lizards no longer have natural habitat in forests as a result of urbanization.
6．How did the researchers conduct the study
A．By analyzing previous research data.
B．By comparing different lizard species.
C．By citing the famous scientists’ words.
D．By studying Anolis lizards in urban and natural areas.
7．What was Wouter Halfwerk’s attitude towards the study
A．Favorable. B．Tolerant.
C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
8．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．All frog species have changed its mating call in urban areas.
B．Only adult male lizards evolve to have larger limbs and special scales.
C．Halfwerk will continue to study how morphology relates to mating behavior.
D．The future study might focus on the limitations on the evolutionary response.题材5 科学与技术
A
potential/p 'ten ( )l/adj.潜在的，可能的 n．(事物的)潜力，可能性
uniqueness/ju'ni kn s/n.独特性；独一无二
novel/'n v( )l/熟义：n.(长篇)小说 生义：adj.新颖的(本文为此义)
interface/' nt fe s/n.(人机)界面；接口
current/'k r nt/adj.当前的；流行的 n．水流；气流；电流
visual/'v u l/adj.视觉的
B
intelligent/ n'tel d nt/adj.聪明的；有智力的；智能的
process/'pr ses/n.步骤；过程 v．处理；加工
available/ 've l b( )l/adj.可用的，可获得的；有空的
logical/'l d k( )l/adj.合乎逻辑的；逻辑(上)的
make sense有意义，讲得通
depend on 依赖，依靠；取决于
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·福建福州5月检测)
Feeling a hug from each other via the Internet may be a possibility in the near future.A research team led by City University of Hong Kong recently developed a wireless，soft e-skin that can both detect and deliver the sense of touch，and form a touch network allowing one-to-multiuser interaction.It offers great potential for improving the distance touch communication.
While there are numerous devices in the market to simulate(模拟) the sense of touch in the virtual world，they provide only touch sensing or touch response.The uniqueness of the novel e-skin is that it can perform self-sensing and touch reproducing functions on the same interface.
The e-skin is a 7cm×10cm,4.2mm-thick device containing 16 flexible actuators(驱动器)，a microcontroller unit，a Bluetooth module，and other electronics on a flexible circuit board.The actuator serves as the core part of the e-skin.Once the actuator is pressed and released by a force，a current is produced to provide electrical signals that are turned into digital signals by a converter(转换器) and then sent to another e-skin via Bluetooth.When the signals are received，a current is caused to reproduce the touch response on the receiver’s e-skin through mechanical vibration(振动)．The process can be reversed to deliver vibrations from the receiver’s e-skin to the corresponding actuator of the sender’s.
The e-skin can communicate with Bluetooth devices and send data through the Internet with smartphones and computers to perform long-distance touch，and to form a touch Internet of Things(IoT) system，where one-to-one and one-to-multiple touch delivery could be realized.Friends and family in different places could use it to “feel” each other.This form of touch overcomes the limitations of space and greatly reduces the sense of distance in human communication.
Next，the research team will focus on practical applications for people with visual disability，who could wear the e-skin to gain remote directional guidance and read Braille messages.
1．What is the unique feature of the e-skin
A．It provides hugs for users.
B．It builds a social network.
C．It provides touch sensing and copying.
D．It monitors the process of self-sensing.
2．What does the underlined word “reversed” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Started. B．Disturbed.
C．Completed. D．Exchanged.
3．What can we learn about e-skin
A．It strengthens bonds across distance.
B．Its converter vibrates when working.
C．It sends electrical signals to receivers.
D．Its system delivers touch with phones.
4．What would be the best title of the text
A．A Signal-sending Application
B．An Invention for the Disabled
C．A Device for Virtual Interaction
D．A Long-distance Communication
B
(2023·浙江杭州二模)
ChatGPT，designed by OpenAI to carry on conversations just like humans，has become a viral excitement.The AI-powered tool went from zero to a million users in just five days! Its ability to provide in-depth answers to user questions has even drawn the attention of distinguished technology companies.
The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense.Its vast body of knowledge has been gathered from the Internet and archived books.It is further trained by humans.This makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic.
“We have a lot of information on the Internet，but you normally have to Google it，then read it and then do something with it，” says Ricardo，chief science officer and co-founder of AI company Erudit.“Now you’ll have this resource that can process the whole Internet and all of the information it contains for you to answer your question.”
ChatGPT cannot think on its own.It depends on the information that it has been trained on.As a result，the AI tool works well for things that have accurate data available.However，when unsure，ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses.OpenAI cautions users to check the information no matter how logical it sounds.Also，ChatGPT has only been trained with information till 2021.Hence，it cannot be relied upon for anything that happened after that.
Experts believe ChatGPT has limitless potential to solve real-world problems.It can translate long texts into different languages，create content on almost any topic，and even summarize books.
However，ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators.Some believe it could serve as a valuable tool to help build literacy skills in the classroom.It could also be used to teach students difficult science or math concepts.But other educators think ChatGPT will encourage students to cheat.They fear this will prevent them from building critical thinking and problem-solving skills.As a result，many districts are starting to ban its use in schools.
5．What is the unique feature of ChatGPT
A．It has artificial intelligence.
B．It can answer users’ questions.
C．It has the largest number of users.
D．It can engage in meaningful conversations.
6．What makes ChatGPT helpful to research various topics
A．Its capability of information processing.
B．Its accurate information.
C．Its availability of up-to-date data.
D．Its vast body of questions.
7．Why do ChatGPT users have to be cautious when using it
A．ChatGPT is unable to think itself.
B．ChatGPT lacks creativity.
C．ChatGPT offers illogical information.
D．ChatGPT is not properly trained.
8．What is the author’s attitude towards ChatGPT
A．Favorable. B．Disapproving.
C．Objective. D．Intolerant.题材8 宇宙奥秘探索
A
humanity/hju 'm n ti/n.人类(总称)；人性
pilot/'pa l t/n.飞行员；领航员 v．驾驶
spacecraft/'spe skrɑ ft/n.宇宙飞船，航天器
mission/'m ( )n/n.使命，任务
launch/l nt /v.发行；发起；发射
target/'tɑ rɡ t/n.目标，对象；靶子
demonstrate/'dem nstre t/v.证明；示范，演示
orbit/' b t/n.(天体等运行的)轨道 v．沿轨道运行
ideal/a 'di l/adj.理想的，最佳的
prospect/'pr spekt/n.可能性；希望；前景
disaster/d 'zɑ st (r)/n.灾难
extinction/ k'st s k ( )n/n.灭绝，消亡
a series of一系列
be on one’s feet站起来
in reality实际上；事实上
B
spacecraft/'spe skrɑ ft/ n．宇宙飞船；航天器
component/k m'p n nt/ n．组成部分；成分
sample/'sɑ mp( )l/ n．样本，样品
cargo/'kɑ ɡ / n．(船或飞机装载的)货物
generate/'d en re t/ v．产生；引起
originate from起源于
organic matter 有机物质
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
(2023·山东济宁期末)
An asteroid(小行星) is moving very fast toward Earth，threatening every human being on the planet.Humanity has one shot to save itself with brave，selfless heroes piloting a spacecraft into the universe to destroy the asteroid.
But that’s the movies.On Sept.26,2022，NASA showed what the reality was like.There was an asteroid，but it wasn’t threatening the Earth.And there was a spacecraft，relying on advanced technology from the Earth.The human heroes of the mission were actually at a physics and engineering lab between Baltimore and Washington，D.C.And there was a collision(碰撞)．In this case it was the final act of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART)，a spacecraft that was launched in November,2021 and then raced around the sun for 10 months as it pursued its target—a small space rock，Dimorphos，seven million miles from Earth.
“For the first time，humanity has demonstrated the ability to change the orbit of an asteroid，” said Ralph Semmel，director of the lab.In its last moments，the spacecraft sent back a series of photographs.DART had spotted Dimorphos only an hour earlier，as a dot of light.Then，Dimorphos grew bigger and bigger，until its surface filled the screen.The engineers were on their feet，cheering.“Normally，losing signal from the spacecraft is very bad，” Semmel said.“But this time，it was the ideal outcome.”
With movies like “Deep Impact”，Hollywood has long been enthusiastic about the prospect of disaster raining down from the universe.In reality，big asteroids that would cause planet-wide destruction occur very rarely，once every 10 million years or so.Hence，planners at NASA and elsewhere devote their attention to smaller ones in space，which would not set off mass extinctions，but can release more energy than a nuclear bomb.If any of those asteroids turns out to be on a collision course with Earth，the DART mission shows that changing its orbit is a realistic possibility.
1．What’s paragraph 1 describing
A．A movie plot.
B．A natural disaster.
C．A witness account.
D．A virtual experiment.
2．What’s the mission of DART
A．Racing around the sun.
B．Tracking asteroids in space.
C．Changing the orbit of Dimorphos.
D．Establishing a permanent space lab.
3．Why were the engineers cheering
A．They obtained clear desired photos.
B．They made a safe landing from space.
C．DART crashed Dimorphos into pieces.
D．DART completed its mission successfully.
4．What’s the significance of the DART mission
A．Preventing the Earth from being destroyed.
B．Providing a solution to an asteroid impact.
C．Fueling people’s interest in Hollywood movies.
D．Increasing chances of humans going into space.
B
(2023·江西南昌二模)
An analysis of 5.4 grammes of stones and dust that a Japanese Hayabusa-2 spacecraft gathered from Ryugu，an asteroid(小行星) near Earth，has discovered a surprising component: a drop of water.The discovery offers new support for the theory that life on Earth may have originated from outer space.
Hayabusa-2 was launched in 2014 on its mission to Ryugu，and returned to Earth’s orbit two years ago to drop off a capsule containing the sample.The sample has been divided among different scientific teams to maximize the chance of new discoveries.The precious cargo has already produced several results，including organic materials that showed some of the building blocks of life on Earth，amino acids，may have been formed in space.
The lead scientist，Tomoki Nakamura of Tohoku University and his team，which is made up of about 150 researchers from the US，Britain，France，Italy and China，also analyzed the sample from Ryugu.The team’s latest discovery was a drop of water containing salt and organic matter.“This drop of water has great meaning.Many researchers believe that water was brought from outer space，but we actually discovered water in Ryugu for the first time，” Nakamura said.
That bolsters the theory that asteroids such as Ryugu，or its larger parent asteroid，could have provided water，which contains salt and organic matter in collisions(碰撞) with Earth.“Such discovery may have been directly linked to the origin of the oceans or organic matter on Earth，” Nakamura said.
Kensei Kobayashi，a scientist who is not part of the research group，applauded the discovery.“The fact that water was discovered in the sample itself is surprising，given the chances of it being destroyed in outer space.It does suggest that the asteroid contained water，in the form of fluid and not just ice，and organic matter may have been generated in that water，” Kobayashi said.
5．What did Nakamura’s team find lately
A．Ryugu moves near Earth.
B．Ryugu accommodates fluid water.
C．Organic matter exists in sample water.
D．Amino acids come into being in space.
6．What does the underlined word “bolsters” probably mean
A．Supports. B．Doubts.
C．Advances. D．Tests.
7．What is the significance of the discovery
A．It draws attention to amino acids.
B．It proves the mission to Ryugu a success.
C．It offers clues to origins of life on Earth.
D．It promises a bright future for space exploration.
8．What is Kobayashi’s attitude toward the finding
A．Critical. B．Skeptical.
C．Objective. D．Favorable.
