2024年中考英语【形容词副词】思维训练讲义（含答案）

中考英语思维训练讲义：形容词副词
升维思考真题本质，降维打击一题多解
一眼看透出卷老师全部套路
目录
中考英语思维训练讲义：形容词副词 1
一． 导语 2
二． 启发 2
三． 层层剖析 2
真题精讲，一题多解 2
第一层境界：头痛医头，脚痛医脚 3
真题解析 3
思路点评 3
第二层境界：举一反三，触类旁通 3
真题解析 3
思路点评 4
第三层境界：追根究底，看穿本质 4
真题解析 4
思路点评 5
四． 综合运用 5
中考真题训练 5
单项选择 5
词性转换 6
首字母 7
五． 课后练习 11
2024最新一模单选真题 11
中考首字母真题 12
答案及简析 15
导语
你越能触及问题的本质，得到真知灼见的效率就越高。
花半秒钟就看透事物本质的人，和花一辈子都看不清事物本质的人，注定是截然不同的命运。
启发
在学习中，什么才是最重要的？
书上的知识点重要吗？很重要。老师总结的各种解题方法重要吗？很重要。
不过，最重要的还得是学习的原动力——思考能力。
学会去思考“思考的方法”，学生掌握的就是一种思维方式，而不仅仅是学习一般性的知识。可以说思考能力的高低是决定人与人之间差距的关键之一。如果一个学生强于思考，他就能站在巨人的肩上，获得指数级的成长。
层层剖析
真题精讲，一题多解
Old Mr. Green doesn't feel ________ because some students visit him regularly.
sadly B．gently C．lonely D．angrily
The manager sounded ________ on the phone. He offered to show us around the company.
A．softly B．friendly C．gently D．seriously
The little dancer from Australia looks ________ in the long skirt.
gently B．happily C．beautifully D．lovely
第一层境界：头痛医头，脚痛医脚
真题解析：
C Old Mr. Green doesn't feel lonely because some students visit him regularly.
本题句意是：格林老先生不感到孤独，因为一些学生定期来看他。
四个选项的意思分别是：A. sadly悲伤地，B. gently温柔地，C. lonely孤独的，D. angrily生气地，代入到原句中，只有C. lonely孤独的符合句意，所以第1题选C。
B The manager sounded friendly on the phone. He offered to show us around the company.
本题句意是：这个经理在电话里听起来很友好，他邀请我们参观公司。
四个选项的意思分别是：A. softly轻轻地，B. friendly友好的，C. gently温柔地，D. seriously严肃地，代入到原句中，只有B. friendly友好的符合句意，所以第2题选B。
D The little dancer from Australia looks lovely in the long skirt.
本题句意是：这位来自澳大利亚的小舞者穿着长裙看起来很可爱。
四个选项的意思分别是：A. gently温柔地，B. happily快乐地，C. beautifully美好地，D. lovely可爱的，代入到原句中，只有D. lovely可爱的符合句意，所以第3题选D。
思路点评：
显然，遇到一题就将选项一一代入到句中翻译，直截了当地得到答案，是最简单方便、无需过多思考的方式，但是这题解决了，下一题呢？万一句子的语法比较难，无法翻译句意怎么办？万一选项中有不认识的单词，又该怎么办？
缺乏思考能力的学生，在遇到问题的时候，不是赌运气靠蒙，就是头痛医头脚痛医脚。殊不知，做题不能只看表象而不究其本质，唯有看到题目背后隐藏的考点，分析出题目对应的知识点，才能说彻底解决了问题。
第二层境界：举一反三，触类旁通
真题解析：
C
本题关键词是：feel，feel是感官动词；
本题知识点是：感官动词后接形容词；
本题对应脑海中的知识储备是：
一般情况下：
形名副动，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，形容词词尾 + ly变成副词。
特殊情况是：
感官动词要用形容词修饰，词尾是ly的也可以是形容词。
中考英语常考五大感官动词：
look：看起来，sound：听起来，smell：闻起来，taste：尝起来，feel：感觉起来
初中英语常见的以ly结尾的形容词：
friendly：友好的，lovely：可爱的，lonely：孤独的，lively：活泼的，likely：可能的，ugly：丑陋的，silly：笨的
感官动词feel要用形容词lonely修饰，所以第1题正确答案选C。
B
本题关键词是：sounded，sound是感官动词，感官动词后接形容词，friendly是形容词，所以直接得出第2题答案，选B。
D
本题关键词是：looks，look是感官动词，感官动词后接形容词，lovely是形容词，所以直接得出第3题答案，选D。
思路点评：
世界上没有两片完全相同的树叶，初中英语题目也是千变万化。纷繁复杂的问题背后往往存在着某种规律，在中考英语中，这个“万变不离其宗”的规律就是：考点。假设初中英语阶段，细分有一千条知识点，那么对应的考点只有一百条。一个知识点一定对应一个考点，而一个考点却可以包含几十个知识点。
所以在日常学习中，学生们要善于归类知识点、总结考点、熟悉常考题型，锻炼举一反三、触类旁通的能力，达到更快速、准确地解题的效果。
第三层境界：追根究底，看穿本质
真题解析：
C
本题考点是：形容词副词。观察ABCD四个选项单词的词性可知，A. sadly副词，B. gently副词，C. lonely形容词，D. angrily副词
大胆假设：因为只有C. lonely是形容词，所以直接得出第1题答案，选C。
小心求证：本题关键词feel是感官动词，感官动词后接形容词，假设正确。
推理总结：以后遇到类似的单选题，只需要看ABCD四个选项是否满足“3个副词 + 1个形容词”的配置就可以了，这样甚至连题目都不用看一眼，只看四个选项就能得出正确答案。
B
本题A. softly副词，B. friendly形容词，C. gently副词，D. seriously副词，四个选项满足“3个副词 + 1个形容词”的配置，秒选B。
D
本题A. gently副词，B. happily副词，C. beautifully副词，D. lovely形容词，四个选项满足“3个副词 + 1个形容词”的配置，秒选D。
思路点评：
事物的根本属性，是决定该事物之所以为该事物而不是其他事物的特有属性。对应到英语当中，单词的根本属性就是词性，词性就是单词的本质。看一道题目的解法，必然要看解法所诞生的过程，背后是否隐藏着一般性的、通用的解题思路。否则这个解法就只是那一道题目的解法，记住了也无法推广使用。因此在第二层境界里，我们所做的就是分析副词、形容词、感官动词的本质，以及这三个词性之间相互牵制的规则。
而在第三层境界里，我们直接看穿了题目的本质——考点。既然中考要考形容词副词辨析，而形容词副词当中，最容易混淆的知识点之一就是“词尾的ly”，出题时只要根据这个特性，挑选出四个以ly结尾的形容词和副词，排列组合成四个选项，一道全新的题目就诞生了。如果思考到了这一点，就能降维打击出卷老师，一眼看透试卷所有出题套路，成为终极赢家。
综合运用
中考真题训练
单项选择：
My old neighbour Charles felt ________ after his children moved out．
A．lonely B．safely C．angrily D．happily
分析：
本题A. lonely形容词，B. safely副词，C. angrily副词，D. happily副词，只有A与其他选项有本质上的不同，秒选A。
Emma felt ________ when her parents were on business trips.
A．sadly B．angrily C．unfortunately D．lonely
分析：
本题A. sadly副词，B. angrily副词，C. unfortunately副词，D. lonely形容词，只有D与其他选项有本质上的不同，秒选D。
词性转换：
__________, the famous temple was not damaged in the earthquake. (luck)
分析：
本题有多种解法：
本题题型是：词性转换，考点是：副词，关键词是：was not damaged，知识点是：副词修饰整个句子。关键词was not damaged提示本题空格填褒义词，luck--lucky--luckily。空格在句首，句首单词要大写，因此本题答案是：Luckily。
根据刷题经验，中考英语词性转换题，句首挖空一般填副词且首字母要大写，因此可以直接判断本题空格需要填一个首字母大写的副词。关键词was not damaged提示本题空格填褒义词，接着把luck变成褒义副词，luck--lucky--luckily，最后得出本题答案是：Luckily。
Luckily, the famous temple was not damaged in the earthquake.
幸运的是，这座著名的寺庙没有在地震中受损。
The children enjoy the life in the country and live __________ with their families. (happy)
分析：
本题题型是：词性转换，考点是：副词，关键词是：enjoy与live，知识点是：副词修饰动词。关键词enjoy提示空格填褒义词，关键词live提示空格填副词。happy--happily。因此本题答案是：happily。
The children enjoy the life in the country and live happily with their families.
孩子们享受乡村生活，与家人幸福地生活在一起。
Fortunately, no one was __________ hurt in the earthquake several weeks ago. (serious)
分析：
本题题型是：词性转换，考点是：副词，关键词是：hurt，知识点是：副词修饰形容词。关键词hurt提示空格填副词。serious--seriously。因此本题答案是：seriously。
Fortunately, no one was seriously hurt in the earthquake several weeks ago.
幸运的是，在几周前的地震中没有人受重伤。
首字母：
The underground is fast and convenient. There is a station every few blocks. Underground trains run from 5:30 a.m. to 12:00 midnight. You can get to any place e__________.
London's black taxis are f__________. Many visitors to London know they are good and comfortable. They will cost you a few pounds, though. Take a taxi once, for the experience.
Don't drive your car in London! Car parks are very e__________. You have to pay a special congestion charge (拥堵费) to drive your car into the city centre.
分析：
easily。第6题考点是：副词，知识点是：副词修饰整个句子。根据刷题经验，句尾挖空一般填副词。结合前文关键词fast、convenient，地铁快速、方便，你能很容易地去任何地方，因此本题答案是：easily。
famous。第7题考点是：形容词，知识点是：形容词修饰名词或者形容词作表语。形容词修饰名词：taxis是名词，后面是are，说明这句话在描述“出租车是怎么样的”，可知本题空格词性是形容词，修饰句首的名词taxis。形容词作表语：本句话是主系表结构，表语说明主语taxis的特征，可知本题空格词性是形容词。结合后文关键词many、know，许多人都知道，说明很有名，可以联想到两个单词：well-known和famous，本题首字母为f，因此本题答案是：famous。
expensive。第8题考点是：形容词，知识点是：形容词修饰名词或者形容词作表语。根据刷题经验，very后面一般跟形容词，根据后文关键词pay、(拥堵费)，pay花费，能联想到花钱，拥堵费是一笔支出，能联想到价格高低，可知这句话在提醒停车场很贵，因此本题答案是：expensive。
总结：
在英语考试中，如果文章中出现了令你耳目一新的非英文，如：中文释义、数字，甚至是插图，都可以重点留意一下，说不定对解题有帮助，至少对缓解视疲劳、放松紧张的心情有帮助。
But life with a roommate can also be a t__________ experience. Some experts(专家) did a study of college students who shared a room. They found that students who had problems with their roommates were not happy at school and were more likely to get sick than other students.
分析：
本题考点是：形容词，关键词是：experience，知识点是：形容词修饰名词放名词前面。根据后文关键词：had problems、not happy、get sick，“有问题、不开心、生病”，全是不好的事情，所以本题空格是一个贬义词，对后文列举的不好的事情总结一下就是：一次糟糕的经历（当然，相信大多数学生都能够第一时间想到首字母为t的贬义形容词是terrible）。因此本题答案是：terrible。
Unexpectedly, as many as three out of ten teenagers mentioned that collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time. They had v__________ collections from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins.
分析：
本题考点是：形容词，关键词是：collections，知识点是：形容词修饰名词放名词前面。根据前文关键词：many、后文关键词：from cartoon books and baseball cards to stickers, toys and coins，本段突出一个字：“多”。上半段不仅提到许多青少年喜欢收集东西，后半段还特意列举他们收藏品的种类很丰富，多、丰富等关键词都指向了一个单词，various，各种各样的。因此本题答案是：various。
..., but the teaching methods are completely different. ...
The classroom for small preschoolers is a little different from the rest of the school. For example, the first lesson of the day is maths, but the teaching method is very s__________. In this school you won’t hear a teacher saying “Count how many apples Jane has in her basket.” Actually, the children visit a nearby river to count the number of marks left by animals.
分析：
本题考点是：形容词，关键词是：very，知识点是：形容词修饰名词或者形容词作表语。根据刷题经验，very后面一般跟形容词，根据上一个自然段关键词：completely different、前文关键词：a little different，本篇首字母different出现了多次，强调教学方法的不同，突出两个字“不同”，指向了一个单词，special，特别的。因此本题答案是：special。
The Young Person’s Rail-card is very popular in Britain now. It gives young people the chance to buy c__________ train tickets across the country. Just imagine, it could take you to festivals, to see friends, or to London for a weekend break, at a lower price.
分析：
本题考点是：形容词，关键词是：train tickets，知识点是：形容词修饰名词放名词前面。后文关键词：a lower price与本句话遥相呼应，暗示“买到（更）便宜的火车票”。因此本题答案是：cheap或者cheaper。
总结：
阅读文章时可以联想相关词汇，比如提到价格，就想到price、low、high、cost、cheap、expensive等单词，这些都是属于同一个话题的词汇。若是提到教育，就要想到education、school、teacher、student、study、subject等单词，但是你不能想到delicious、taste、supermarket等和教育话题几乎完全无关的单词。也就是说，学生阅读文章时要善于在话题限制范围内联想相关词汇，切忌浮想联翩、凭想象做题。而且我们做词性转换和首字母题的时候，都要判断空格词性，这个步骤也起到了限制单词范围的作用，判断出空格词性是形容词了，接下来就不再浪费时间去想别的词性的单词，解题效率也更高。因此做阅读题时，要根据文章话题、关键词、空格词性等已有线索，在文章限定的范围内，推理出正确答案。
They said I didn’t know much about the place. They were worried that it was not s__________ for me to go there. Thankfully, after I explained my plan to them in detail, they said yes.
There were few stores or restaurants in the town, most had closed. So you would be very l__________ if you could find a place to buy food or drinks.
分析：
safe。第13题考点是：形容词，关键词是：it was...for me to...，知识点是：it is + adj. + for sb. to do句型。根据前文关键词：didn’t know much about the place、本句话关键词：worried，提示他们担心我的安全。因此本题答案是：safe。
lucky。第14题考点是：形容词，关键词是：be very，知识点是：形容词作表语。根据前文关键词：few，段落大意是小镇里几乎没有商店和餐厅，所以如果你能够找到买食物和饮料的地方，你就是很幸运的。因此本题答案是：lucky。
It took almost two hours to cook. When dinner was finally finished, Henry was tired and h__________. But he was so excited——he made dinner!
分析：
本题考点是：形容词，关键词是：Henry was或者tired and，知识点是：形容词作表语。
Henry was，主语+系动词，还缺一个表语构成主系表结构，因此判断空格词性是形容词。
tired and，这里的and很重要，and是连词，用来连接单词或句中的并列部分。回想一下我们平时的语言习惯，你和我、美女与野兽、正义与邪恶、傲慢与偏见，可以看出来and前后连接的单词，首先词性一致，其次要么互为同义词，要么互为反义词，所以做题时可以利用and的此种特性解题。本题中and前面是形容词tired，可以直接判断出空格词性也是形容词。前文关键词：almost、two、cook、finally finished，既有副词almost表程度，又有数词two强调时间之长，还有副词finally突出过程之不易，几乎花了两个小时才终于完成烹饪，作者前面这么描写，都是为了表达Henry完成烹饪后的状态，又累又怎么样。通过以上种种线索，推理到这里，不难猜到Henry又累又饿。因此本题答案是：hungry。
总结：
阅读文章时一定要重点留意连词。连词用来连接单词、词组或句子，属于逻辑性很强的一个词，而做阅读题，正需要较强的逻辑思维能力。比如：你很好，但是我们不适合。这句话的重点就不在于“你很好”，而是“我们不适合”，说这句话的人的真正目的不在于夸对方人很好，而是在委婉拒绝对方。从这个例子就可以看出，连词后面的句子往往是作者想要表达的重点，是作者的真正意图。
阅读文章时可以留意作者的行文逻辑和用词。中考英语一般考四种文章体裁，应用文、说明文、记叙文、议论文，每种体裁都有其对应的写作目的、行文逻辑。应用文，最简单，常在阅读A篇里考到，比如海报、广告、网页等，做题时甚至不需要提前把文章看完整，先看题目，再带着问题去原文中定位找答案即可。说明文，顾名思义，写作目的就是介绍一个东西，告诉我们这个东西的特征、功能、作用、意义等。记叙文，是我们最常读到的一类文章，一般就是告诉我们什么人做了什么事，目的是通过一个故事表达一个哲理，结尾一般会升华主题，呼吁真善美等等。议论文，逻辑性最强、观点最鲜明、主题最明确，作者行文时一般开门见山表达论点，明确地表达自己对一个观点的态度、看法，接着通过摆事实、讲道理、做对比等论证手段，证明自己的观点是正确的。所以阅读文章时可以先判断文章体裁，利用对应体裁的行文逻辑和常用词汇，帮助自己轻松高效解题。
课后练习
2024最新一模单选真题
Susan looked extremely ________ in that yellow dress at the party last night.
beautifully B．badly C．lovely D．wonderfully
2024·上海杨浦·一模
The new neighbour seems very ________ and everyone in the neighbourhood likes her.
A.nicely B．wonderfully C．friendly D．beautifully
2024·上海松江·一模
Helen felt ________ and hopeless. She didn’t know what to do or where to go.
sadly B. unfortunately C．lonely D．angrily
2024·上海普陀·一模
These blueberries and bananas look ________. I’d like to buy some for my grandparents.
softly B．lovely C．properly D．gently
2024·上海宝山·一模
Old Mr. Wilson doesn’t feel ________ because his daughter and grandson often visit him.
lonely B．gently C．angrily D．sadly
2024·上海长宁·一模
The cute baby looks ________ in a warm red dress. Everyone smiles at her.
lonely B．happily C．lovely D．beautifully
2024·上海崇明·一模
It is necessary for you to practise playing the piano ________ to improve your skills.
regularly B．lovely C．lonely D．friendly
2024·上海黄浦·一模
I want you to listen to the customers ________ and speak to them in a polite way.
lonely B．lovely C．friendly D．patiently
2024·上海金山·一模
Mr. Li’s idea of spending a day on the beach sounds _________ to everyone in his class.
A．lovely B．happily C．beautifully D．clearly
2024·上海闵行·一模
The postcards in the store all look so ________ that we want to buy some.
A．lovely B．beautifully C．nicely D．wonderfully
2024·上海浦东新区·一模
中考首字母真题
第一篇：
Tony is Chinese American. His family members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week. Last week Tony i_____1_____ his friend Amy for it.
Tony’s family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil. The k_____2_____ was filled with many good smells. “You can help me set the table.” Tony told his friend. They gave each person a pair of chopsticks, a soup bowl, a soup spoon, and a rice bowl on a plate.
“Where are the forks and knives ” Amy asked.
“Oh, you won’t n_____3_____ those.” Tony explained.” I will show you how to use chopsticks. Don’t worry.”
Tony’s mother put different foods which were unfamiliar to Amy onto big plates. She asked the kids to carry the food-filled plates out to the table. Amy carried roast duck. It was one of the f_____4_____ dishes she recognized.
Amy was a little nervous about eating with chopsticks. Tony gave her instructions on how to do it. Amy finally managed to hold the chopsticks. Just when she picked up a piece of chicken in her chopsticks, her fingers s_____5_____ lost control of them, and the chicken flew across the table. It landed in Tony’s soup with a splash(飞溅). E_____6_____ at the table smiled.
Tony’s father kindly brought out a fork and knife. He handed them to Amy .Amy felt more c_____7_____. She ate the rest of her dinner easily. It was delicious!
At the end of the meal, Amy was given a fortune cookie(签语饼干). She broke it open and read the small note inside,” If you practice hard, you will learn many things.” Amy laughed and said,” if you let me take home a pair of chopsticks, my fortune may come true!
第二篇：
Paul was my little brother, and he was special.He was different from me because he sat in a wheelchair, and he was blind. Lots of times when we walked with Paul, other kids came over and asked us why he was in his chair and why he couldn’t s_____1_____. They thought he was different because he had his own school bus and had to go to a special school.But that's not really the reason. Paul was different for the things just our family knew about-only we knew the s_____2_____ that made him special.
Paul helped me hear small sounds. Every time I was with him, I'd have to be q_____3_____ to hear the flying birds and the talking trees he heard.
Paul helped me exercise. When we went for a walk, we'd often go uphill. When I pushed his chair all the way to the woods at the t_____4_____, I was really getting my exercise!
Paul h_____5_____ ever complained. He went along with whatever the rest of us wanted to do. One time when he had a fever, he got uncomfortable, but he never shouted or fought or asked me to switch the TV channel.
Sometimes Paul let me put things in his hand. We played a kind of guessing game. I put different toys there for him to f_____6_____. He was always surprised when I let him hold something new.
Paul was my friend. He couldn't talk to me like most of my friends, and he couldn't run outside to play. But he was there for all the peaceful times, and he had the best smile in the world.
I was l_____7_____ to grow up with him as his sister. He helped me to realize that there is a good side to every situation, if we simply make the choice to find it.
第三篇：
It’s 5:00 a.m.! A morning call wakes up Marco. He doesn’t get up so e_____1_____ at home in Los Angeles. Well, maybe to eat breakfast once in a while but never to herd (放牧) cows and sheep! But Marco isn’t at home. He is in Africa, on the grasslands of Kenya (肯尼亚). He is living with the herdsmen.
“Life is very different in Kenya. People live a p_____2_____ life here on the grasslands. They can’t afford TVs, cars or mobile phones. They make a living mainly by herding cows and sheep,” Marco says.
Marco’s trip to Africa isn’t a h_____3_____. It’s part of the school project for biology course at Sunshine School. The school hopes the students will have more life experiences. They have never been to Africa. Kenya is a country which is c_____4_____ new to the students from Los Angeles. When the students get there, they put on local clothing. Boys herd cows. Girls collect firewood and water. Families depend on their cows. As a result, the herdsmen and the students have to m_____5_____ from one area to another so that the cows have more grass to eat.
Now in Los Angeles, Kenya is on the minds of the students at Sunshine School all year. Disasters have killed many cows in Kenya, so the students decide to raise money to b_____6_____ cows for the local people. Each cow costs about $100. “One cow means more to the health of a family than money,” says Marco. “Here we are really giving life. A cow will give a kid milk every day.”
The school wants to give the students a different way of thinking. Helping the herdsmen in Kenya is just the first s_____7_____. Next, the students will try to discover ways to give a hand to those in Los Angeles who need help.
第四篇：
Which would you rather spend your money on, an outing with friends or a pair of expensive shoes It is my opinion that spending money on experiences brings greater happiness.
My first r_____1_____ is that experiences make us different as we grow. We are not the result of the things we’ve bought. Instead, we are the result of everything we’ve seen and done. For example, getting expensive clothes didn’t c_____2_____ me as a person, but the camping trip last summer certainly did. It made me more independent.
In addition, I p_____3_____ experiences because they bring people together. Sharing a new experience develops stronger relationships and creates long-lasting memories. Three years ago I met some teenagers on a study trip and now I am s_____4_____ in touch with them, but I hardly remember what I bought during the trip.
My final point is that, although some people say it is a great j_____5_____ to own things, I think using the things you own is more pleasant. For example, I spend most of my spare money on new parts for my old mountain bike, but I love the experience of c_____6_____, not owning bike parts!
To sum up, experiences make us who we are and develop stronger relationships. So next time before you pay for something, give it some s_____7_____ thought. Ask yourself, “Which will I spend my money on, an outing or a pair of shoes ”
答案及简析
1. C 只有C的词性是形容词。
2. C 只有C的词性是形容词。
3. C 只有C的词性是形容词。
4. B 只有B的词性是形容词。
5. A 只有A的词性是形容词。
6. C AC都是形容词，BD都是副词，本题第一个关键词looks是感官动词，感官动词后面要用形容词，排除BD，根据句意和另一个关键词cute，应该是这个宝宝看起来可爱才对，排除A，所以本题正确答案是C。
7. A 只有A的词性是副词。
8. D 只有D的词性是副词。
9. A 只有A的词性是形容词。
10. A 只有A的词性是形容词。
第一篇：
1. invited 关键词last week，判断出空格词性为动词后，要记得变形，变成过去式。
2. kitchen
3. need
4. few
5. suddenly
6. Everyone 句首设空，记得大写。
7. comfortable
第二篇：
1. see
2. secret(s)
3. quiet
4. top
5. hardly
6. feel
7. lucky
第三篇：
1. early
2. poor
3. holiday
4. completely
5. move
6. buy
7. step
第四篇：
1. reason
2. change
3. prefer
4. still
5. joy
6. cycling
7. serious