(共27张PPT)
1.审标题,通全文,明大意
首先,对于有标题的阅读材料,务必要先审标题,从标题中我们可以想象
文章的内容和走向,有助于对材料的理解。然后,用扫描式快速阅读法
来通读全文,初步了解阅读材料的主旨大意。
2.读问题,细复读,定答案
在了解了阅读材料的主旨大意之后,要认真阅读问题,明确考查角度,然
后带着问题去阅读,这样阅读时就会做到有的放矢、重点突出、速度加
快、准确率高。需要注意的是,浏览阅读理解题目时不要看问题的选项,
以免增加干扰。
3.先易后难,生词分别对待
解答问题时,如果读了问题仍然不能确定相关选项,可先放下此问题,而去解
答下一个问题。这样在处理完比较容易的问题后,可以集中精力,更有针对性
的去攻克较难的问题。遇到生词时,可先跳过生词,继续阅读,不要长时间地
停留在某一个单词或某一个句子上。读完全文后,对于文章中没有造成理解
障碍的非关键性生词可以忽略;对于影响文章理解的关键性生词,我们尽量利
用上下文提供的提示猜测其词义。
4.细节题,标出处,明答案
在文章中相关事实细节处做上相应的记号,以便我们对照具体细节题目,印证文章
细节,提高解题的准确率。例:
(2013泸州)
When William Stidger taught at Boston University,he once thought
about the people that he hadn’t thanked in his life.They taught
him,encouraged him or cared a lot about him.
One was a teacher.She once taught William geography.So he wrote a
letter of thanks to her.
...
Who did William write a letter to
A.His teacher. B.His parents.
C.A neighbor. D.A friend.
事实细节题。由短文第二段“One was a teacher.She once taught William
geography.So he wrote a letter of thanks to her”,故此题应选A。
5.推理判断题,寻线索,找暗示
推理判断题考查通过文章表层信息推测其隐含信息的能力,要求对作者的态度、意图及
文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断。该类题虽然在原文中不能直接找到答案,但是有间
接地暗示和线索,可根据文中某个词、句子或段落进行推理。有时还要根据作者的语
气、论调和倾向进行判断。例: (2013聊城改编)
...
After a while,a bus came,but it did not go to my town.The bus driver
was kind and she told me which bus I should take.I waited there for about
thirty minutes,but no bus came.At last a car came to me and a young woman
came out of the car.She was just the bus driver.
...
From the passage,we know that the young woman was .
A.a club boss.
B.a taxi driver
C.a bus driver.
D.a gas station worker.
推理判断题。由选段中的“At last a car came to me and a young woman came out
of the car.She was just the bus driver.”可推知,这位年轻妇女的职业是公共汽车
司机。故此题应选C。
6.猜测词义题,多比较,看上下文
该题型主要考查通过上下文去判断词义。词义的考查有两种:一种是超纲词含义的推断,
另一种是熟词生义的推断。可根据前后的比较对照关系、对它的定义重述以及举例等进
行猜测。也可以利用同义词、同位语以及构词法等进行猜测。例: (2013兰州)
In England,some food companies across the whole country have been told
to carry out urgent (紧急的) tests on all beef products.Do you know why
That’s because some food companies used horsemeat to make beef products.
There are some examples about the horsemeat matter.In January,2013,in
a number of UK supermarkets,frozen hamburgers were found to have traces of
horsemeat in them.Some frozen beef products made by food company FINDUS
were found to contain horsemeat.All of the beef products made by this
company have been removed from sale.
...
What does “traces” mean in the second paragraph ( )
A.描绘 B.追踪 C.少量 D.探索
猜测词义题。分析句子结构,画线词前有动词have,且后面有介词of及名词horsemeat,
可推知画线词应该表示马肉的数量。故此题应选C。
7.主旨大意题,重视句首和句尾、注意归纳和概括
主旨大意题考查综合、概括、归纳和分析问题的能力,要求通过对文章的阅读,迅速把握文章或
段落的主题中心。常在出现主旨大意最频繁的位置——首尾句去找。有的要通过全文主要内容,
总结作者写作意图。例:
...
On the way she told me a story.A few days ago,there wasn’t gas(汽油)in her
car.An old man drove her up to a gas station and then back to her car.
When we got to my home,I wanted to give her some money to thank her,but she
didn’t accept it.“I only want to help others and do something nice for
somebody.Pass it along.” She said.
The best title (题目)of the passage is .
A.A kind old man. B.Getting a ride.
C.Passing help. D.A broken car.
主旨大意题。选项A“一位善良的老人”;选项B“打车”;选项C“传递帮助”;选项D“一辆坏了
的汽车”。通读全文可知A、B、D与短文的主旨大意不符,只有选项C能正确表达作者的观点。故
此题应选C。
【强化训练】
阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。
Most middle school students find it boring to learn math.But students in Yat Sen middle school in New York,US,don’t think so.Why Because they are in the school of One Program,which asks students to work on their own or in small groups on computers to have math lessons.
“The program gives the students a new learning style.No traditional classroom can compare with it.We give each lesson according to the students’ interest and their strong and weak points,” said JoelⅠKlein,the school’s head teacher,“we’re looking for a new way that interests children.”
Students enjoy these math lessons,especially lessons with video games.They must find out the answers to math problems to get through the game.One such game is Dimension M.As students move through mazes(迷宫) with their keyboards,some questions come up.Caleb Deng had to answer the question:What is 5+ (6×3) He calculated on paper quickly because there was just a minute left to play.
“ I was right,” said Deng,14,as he ended the game with a high score (高分).
“This really makes math lessons more exciting,since we are fighting to learn better.”
1.Students in Yat Sen Middle School like math because .
A.they work in large groups B.they can work on computers
C.the teachers are interesting D.math questions are easy there
2.Which is NOT true of the program ( )
A.It is very successful.
B.It is boring to most students.
C.It makes learning math more interesting.
D.It gives the students a new way to learn.
3.The underlined word “calculated” in Paragraph 3 most probably means .
A.worked out B.wrote down C.threw away D.gave up
4.Caleb Deng’s story serves as an example to show .
A.how students work in small groups
B.how to end a game with a high score
C.how the question 5+(6×3) should be solved
D.how students learn math through video games
5.This article is mainly about .
A.how to learn math well B.an interesting math lesson
C.a new way to learn math D.kids in Yat Sen Middle School
答案:1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C
点此返回目录题型三 阅读理解
( A )
(2014威海)
Why do we like drink ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing water from plastic bottles Some people think it is healthy and clean.Others drink bottled water because it’s easy—you can carry it around with you.In hot countries,like Greece,we often buy bottles of cold water in the summer.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
However,making lots o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f plastic is not a good idea for many reasons.First of all,we need a lot of oil for plastic products.We usually use oil as a source(资源) of energy.If we reduced the number of bottles we made,we wouldn’t need so much oil.Plastic bottles also pollute the environment.If we recycled all our plastic bottles,we wouldn’t need so much space for rubbish dumps.But in Greece,we don’t recycle much of the plastic we use.In 2006,Greeks recycled only about 10% of plastic waste.The rest became rubbish on land and in rivers and seas.
So next time you want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to throw away a plastic bottle in the litter bin,stop and think.If you recycled it,you would help the environment.But what can you do when there isn’t a recycling bin near you Well,there are lots of useful ways that can use your bottles again.For example,an empty bottle makes a great piggy bank for your pocket money,and if you cut in half,you will have a plant pot.Go green!You can make a difference.
1.What is not mentioned about bottled water in this passage ( )
A.It’s healthy. B.It’s clean.
C.It’s easy. D.It’s expensive.
2.Plastic products are made from .
A.energy B.oil C.rubbish D.plants
3. of plastic waste became rubbish in Greece in 2006.
A.10% B.50% C.80% D.90%
4.Which is the best way to deal with used plastic bottles ( )
A.To recycle them.
B.To make a piggy bank.
C.To make a plant pot.
D.To drop them into the river.
5.The underlined part in this passage tells us “ ”.
A.To make a different life,you’d better go outside.
B.To look different,you’d better wear green clothes.
C.To protect the environment,you can do something.
D.To go green,you should use plastic products.
答案:1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A 5.C
( B )
(2013安徽)
Many people s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ay that they are working too many hours.They don’t have enough time to relax or to stay with their family.
Work hours are diff ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erent from one country to another.In France,people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work.In Japan,however,people work about 2,159 hours a year.That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year than a French worker.
Why do people wor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k so many hours Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money.However,many companies don’t pay overtime.Their workers don’t get more pay for more work.Some people think it’s their duty to work more hours.Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they don’t work more hours.
Many people say t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat their vacations are too short.In France,people get five weeks of paid vacation a year.In Germany,they get four to six weeks,and in the United States,two weeks.One study shows fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days.In Great Britain,there is a saying,“All work and no play makes Jack a dull (迟钝的) boy.” If that is true,there must be a lot of dull people in the world.
1.A Japanese worker works more hours a year than a French one.
A.513 B.1,646 C.2,159 D.3,805
2.The word “extra” in Paragraph 3 means“ ”
A.正常的 B.额外的
C.有用的 D.少量的
3.People in get only two weeks of paid vacation a year.
A.France B.Germany
C.the United States D.Great Britain
4.Which of the following is true according to the passage ( )
A.No companies offer vacations to their workers.
B.Many people say they have enough time to relax.
C.Not all companies pay their workers for more work.
D.More than half of workers use all their vacation days.
5.What can we infer from the passage ( )
A. Many workers have to work long hours.
B.Many people have vacations long enough.
C.Work hours are the same around the world.
D.There are a lot of dull people in the world.
答案:1.A 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A
( C )
(2014成都)
Dear Li Fei,
How are you I will hav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a short holiday next week and have decided to visit Shanghai for a second time.I have booked a room in the Peace Hotel.I hear it is on the Bund(外滩) and has a good view of the famous Huangpu River.I will arrive on the night of March 27 and leave early on March 29.I would like to visit some of the most famous places,such as Nanjing Road and Yu Garden in Chenghuangmiao.
Can you give ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me some suggestions for my visit to Shanghai I will have only one day to look around Shanghai.I will be happy if you can make a tour plan for me.Please say hello to Lu Mei.I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Sandy
1.Who will visit Shanghai next week ( )
A.Li Fei. B.Lu Mei. C.Sandy.
2.Where has the writer booked a room ( )
A.On Nanjing Road. B.In Yu Garden.
C.In the Peace Hotel.
3.We can learn from the letter that the writer Shanghai.
A.has never visited B.once visited
C.often visits
4.When will the writer look around Shanghai ( )
A.On March 27. B.On March 28.
C.On March 29.
5.The most important purpose of writing this letter is to .
A.ask for a tour plan B.ask for a reply
C.say hello to Lu Mei
答案:1.C 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.A
( D )
(2013绍兴)
Canadian s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )chool buses are called “the safest school buses in the world”.All the school buses,which are in deep yellow,have the same style.School bus drivers have to receive strict training before getting driver’s licenses.When a school bus r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uns through the city and carries children to a stop,the driver will turn on the red light and then show the sign “Stop”.At this time,all the vehicles(车辆)following the school bus must stop as if they met a red light.After all the children get on or off,the school bus will drive away.Then other vehicles can go on.
Many people will ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )think of cartoons as soon as they talk about Japanese school buses.For a long time,cartoon pictures on school buses have already been popular and become models of Japanese school buses.When children see pink Hello Kitty or blue Doraemon,no one will refuse to go to school any more.
On Japanese sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool buses,there’s always a headman caring for kids.If something happens suddenly,the headman will tell parents about it as soon as possible.
1.The color of Canadian school buses is .
A.red B.yellow
C.pink D.blue
2.From the passage,we know that .
A.Canadian school buses must have a headman
B.Canadian school buses should follow other vehicles
C.Japanese school buses may look cute
D.Japanese school bus drivers can get licenses easily
3.The passage is written mainly to .
A.introduce school buses in Canada and Japan
B.suggest schools choosing better school buses
C.welcome students to Canada and Japan
D.ask students to obey traffic rules
答案:1.B 2.C 3.A
