课案1 冠词与名词
一、用适当的冠词填空
1.Beijing is in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) north of China and Shenzhen is in south of China.
2.There is apple in my bag. apple was washed by my mother.
3.My sister likes pla ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ying piano and my brother likes playing football.
4. moon goes arou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nd earth and the earth goes around sun.
5.June 1st is Children’s Day.
答案:1.the;the 2.an;The 3.the;/ 4.The;the;the 5./
二、单项选择
1.Maria would like orange,not orange juice.(2013咸宁)
A.a;the B./;an
C.an;/ D.an;an
2.—What cold weather!
—Yes.But it’s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) unusual experience for us,we normally live in a hot place.
A./; a B.a; an C. /;an D.a; the
3. Great Wall is longest wall in the world.(2013益阳)
A.The;the B.A;a
C.The;a
4.The house is very nice.Has it got garden (2013盐城)
A./ B.a C.an D.the
5.—Have you seen magazine I left it here a moment ago.
—It is new Chinese magazine I saw it was taken away by Bruce.
A.a;an B.a;a
C.an;the D.the;a
6.Beijing is cap ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ital of China and it is city with many places of interest.
A.a;a B.a;the
C.the;a D.the;the
7.—Good morning,madam.Can I help you
—Sure,I’d like ,please.
A.two cups of coffees B.two cup of coffees
C.two cups of coffee D.two cup of coffee
8.—Whose computer doesn’t work
— ,I think.
A.John has B.John does
C.John D.John’s
9.—Do you know the young lady over there
—Yes.She’s mother.
A.Lily and Lucy B.Lily’s and Lucy’s
C.Lily’s and Lucy D.Lily and Lucy’s
10.—Are there any in your school
—Yes,there are.(2013广安)
A.Germen B.Germans
C.German
11.In this exam,y ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ou’re asked to write a composition of about .(2013兰州)
A.90-words B.90-word
C.90 words D.90 word’s
12.How many are there in the basket (2013齐齐哈尔)
A.potato B.bread
C.tomatoes
13.We should take our teacher’s and make use of .(2013黔东南)
A.advices;times B.advice;time
C.advice;times D.advices;time
14.—What kind of porridge would you like,Alice
—I would like .(2013贺州)
A.egg porridge B.eggs porridge
C.fish porridges D.fishes porridge
15.In autumn there are a lot of on the ground.(2013茂名)
A.leaf B.leafs
C.leaves
答案:1.C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.D
9.D 10.B 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C(共26张PPT)
1.Miss Zhang will go to America for important meeting next
month. (2014梅州)
A.an;an B./;an C./;a D.an;the
2.—Why did you laugh just now
—Ted wanted to tell us very funny story,but he forgot ending
himself. (2014呼和浩特)
A.a;an B.the; the C.the; a D.a; the
3.Mom,I like green T-shirt.Could you buy it for me (2014威海)
A.a B.an C.the D.不填
答案: 1.B 2.D 3.C
4.Mary was born in 1998 and she began to play guitar at the age of
seven. (2013长沙)
A.a B./ C.the
5.Do you know a spaceship flies at about nineteen kilometers
second (2013兰州)
A.the B.a C./ D.an
6.—Where are you going,Sam
—There isn’t any in the fridge.I’ll go and buy some.(2014凉山)
A.vegetables B.beef C.eggs D.money
7.Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef,vegetables and .
(2014广州)
A.some rice B.a few rice C.a little rices D.a rice
答案: 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A
8.—Lily,could you please pass me the I want to cut the apple.
—Sure,here you are. (2014重庆)
A.pen B.pencil C.book D.knife
9.You can find many about the famous film star on the
Internet. (2014内江)
A.news B.pictures C.tickets D.information
10.—How far is it from your home to your school
—It’s about . (2013天水)
A.2 kilometer long B.2 kilometer
C.five minutes’ walk D.five minutes walk
11.Mr.White,the principal,has made a great to the growth of
the school. (2013南京)
A.Contribution B.progress C.invention D.protection
答案: 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.A
12.Mr.Jackson keeps lots of on his farm. (2012东营)
A.sheep B.chicken
C.goose D.pandas
13.—Yesterday,my father bought me a new mobile phone as a
present,but I don’t know how to use it.
—Why not read the first before using it (2014德州)
A.expressions B.applications
C.advertisements D.instructions
答案: 12.A 13.D
不定冠词的用法
不定冠词a用于以辅音音素开头的单词之前,an 用于以元音音素开头的单词之前。如:
A horse can run very fast.马能跑得很快。
This is an interesting story.这是个很有趣的故事。
冠 词
不定冠词a / an 的用法
不定冠词a或an,基本用法记心间;
辅音音素前用a,元音音素前用an;
人或事物首次提,泛指某人或某物;
单位价格表每一,习惯用法心中记。
不能把元音字母当成元音音素。如:
There’s a “u” in the word“ruler”.单词“ruler”中有一个
字母“u”。
定冠词的用法
1.表示特定的人或物
这种用法可以表示上文提到过的或谈话双方明确的人或物。特指某人或某事
物,以区别于同类中的其他人或事物。
Is this the book that you are looking for
这就是你要找的书吗
2.表示某类属的全体
the常用于名词单数前,代表一类人或事物。
Do you know who invented the computer
你知道是谁发明了计算机吗
The cat,like the dog,is liked by many people.
猫就像狗一样受到很多人喜爱。
3.表示地球、宇宙中的独一无二的事物
世界上独一无二的东西很多,这里所指的独一无二主要是指各种天体及世
界上比较有影响力的物体。
Man is now studying and using the sun.
人类正在研究和利用太阳。
4.表示地点、方位、时间
用于表示具体的地点、方位,具体的时间或某天的一部分等。
My parents live in the country.
我的父母住在乡下。
定冠词的用法
特指双熟悉,上文已提及;
世上独无二,序数最高级;
某些专有名,习语和乐器。
零冠词
在特定情况下,某些名词前不需要用冠词,这种情况我们称为“零冠词”。如:
It’s Sunday today.
今天是星期天。
Can you play chess
你会下象棋吗
零冠词的情况
代词限定名词前,专有名词不可数;
学科球类三餐饭,四季星期月份前;
颜色语种和国名,称呼习语和头衔。
(1)特指某年的季节或与during连用时用定冠词the。如:
in the winter of 2013在2013年的冬季
(2)三餐前如有形容词修饰,也要加冠词。如:
After a quick breakfast,she went to work.
她迅速吃了早餐就去上班了。
名 词
可数名词的数
Ⅰ.规则变化
1.一般名词直接加-s。如:
book→books,house→houses
2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,变 y 为 i 再加-es。如:
baby→babies,city→cities,country→countries
3.以 s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es。例:
bus→buses,boss→bosses,box→boxes,brush→brushes,watch→watches
4.以 o 结尾的名词可能加-s,也可能加-es,可利用下面两句话来记忆:
(1)加-s:小马虎弹着钢琴(piano)听着收音机 (radio),又到动物园 (zoo)里
和袋鼠(kangaroo) 照相 (photo),最后考试得了个大鸭蛋(零分) (zero)。
(2)加-es:黑人 (Negro) 英雄 (hero)喜欢吃西红柿 (tomato)和土豆
(potato)。
5.(1)以f/fe结尾的名词,通常先变f/fe为v再加-es。如:
knife→knives,leaf→leaves,wife→wives,life→lives
(2)有少数以 f/fe 结尾的名词变复数时,只加-s。如:
roof→roofs gulf→gulfs chief→chiefs
小偷 (thief)的妻子 (wife)拿树叶(leaf)当刀子 (knife),在架子(shelf) 后把狼 (wolf)一劈两半(half),结束了它的生命 (life)。
Ⅱ.不规则变化
1.改变内部元音。如:
man→ men,woman→ women,foot→ feet,mouse→ mice,tooth→teeth等。
2.表示“某国人”的名词变复数
Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese,Englishman→Englishmen,
Frenchman→Frenchmen,German→Germans,American→Americans
中日不变,英法变,其余s加后面。
(1)集体名词指整体时,视为单数,作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Her family is going to move to Beijing.
她家要搬到北京。
(2)集体名词强调每一个个体成员时,则视为复数,作主语时谓语动词用复
数形式。如:
Her family are all watching TV now.
她全家人现在都在看电视。
3.由两个名词组成的复合名词由单数变复数时,通常只需将后面名词变复数。如:
two apple trees,shoe shops,ten boy students
但由man,woman作前置定语构成的复合名词变复数时,man或woman与后面的名
词都要变复数。如:some men doctors,two women teachers
特殊的复数形式
1.单复数同形的名词。如:sheep,deer等。
2.集体名词。如:family家庭, people 人们,class 班级,police警察等。
不可数名词
1.不可数名词的计量形式:数词/ 冠词+量词+of+不可数名词。如:
a bottle of water
2.数词决定量词的单复数形式。如:a piece of news two pieces
of news
名词所有格
名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。
1.有生命的名词的所有格:
(1)一般名词(不以-s 结尾)的所有格是在词尾加“’s”。例:Lily’s
father莉莉的爸爸,mother’s birthday 母亲的生日,Children’s Day
儿童节。
(2)以-s或-es 结尾的名词,无论单复数,其所有格只需在后面加“’”。如:
the doctors’ office 医生办公室
(3)表示“两者(或以上)共同所有”时,只需在最后一个名词后加“’s”;若表示
“两者(或以上)各自拥有”时,要在每一个名词后都加“’s”。如:
Lucy and Lily’s room 露西和莉莉的房间(共同所有,只有一个房间,room
用单数)
Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms露西的房间和莉莉的房间(各自拥有一个房
间,room 用复数)
(4)在表示“店铺”“某人的家”“诊所”或“餐馆”的名词所有格后面,一般
省掉它所修饰的名词。如:
at the barber’s在理发店at the doctor’s在医生的诊所里
2.一些无生命的名词所有格要用“of”来表示。如:
a map of China 一张中国地图,the foot of the hill 山脚
3.双重所有格
(1)of+名词所有格。如:a friend of my father’s我父亲的一个朋友,some
inventions of Edison’s爱迪生的一些发明。
(2)of +名词性物主代词。如:a friend of mine我的一位朋友,a daughter of
his 他的一个女儿。
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