Keys:
1-5 DCCDC 6-10 CBBCA 11-16 ABB, CDD 17-20 AACD
Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. M: Do you know what time the train goes into the city
W: Normally it’s every 20 minutes. But, this’s weekend, so I’m not sure.
Q: What does the woman imply the man should do
2. W: There you are, finally. We’d better hurry up if we expected to get a seat. The lectures start in fifteen minutes.
M: These things never start on time. And anyway, I don’t think it would be crowded.
Q: What does the man imply
3. W: I studied French in high school, but I never really learned it until I spent the summer in Paris.
M: Really using the language makes all the difference, doesn’t it
Q: Where does the man mean
4. M: Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the post office
W: Your guess is as good as mine. I’m new around here.
Q: What does the woman mean
5. M: Hey, that’s a great sweater you’re wearing. It looks really warm.
W: Yeah, but I wish I brought a coat like you did. It’s really freezing today.
Q: What does the woman imply
6. W: I just found out the registration of the creative writing class is full. Now I have to wait another whole year to get in.
M: Why don’t you check again after the first week Somebody might drop it.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman do
7. W: I’m going to New York on business and somebody said you were the right person to talk to about what I can do there for fun.
M: You bet I am. But I hope you’ve got at least a month.
Q: What does the man imply
8. M: Would you like to go to a lecture tonight in the meeting hall It’s some guy who spent a year living in Antarctica.
W: No kidding! I’m doing a report on Antarctica for my geography class.
Q: How does the woman feel
9. M: You know, Tim is hard to talk to now, ever since he won that tennis game last week and got the photograph in the local paper.
W: Yeah, I know what you mean. I guess it’s all going to his head.
Q: What does the woman mean about Tim
10. M: You wouldn’t believe the line at the auto inspection center. I waited more than two hours to get through it.
W: That’s what you should get for waiting until the last day of the month.
Q: What does the woman imply
Section B
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
Good evening. I’m Peter Crane with the six o’clock news.
At least 17 people have been injured in the road accident that took place on the M1 near Leeds last night. The police said that the truck which caused the accident was travelling about 85 miles an hour, well over the 60-mile-an-hour speed limit for heavy goods vehicles.
2,600 workers have walked out of the Peugeot car factory in Conventry in protest against the company’s pay offer. The unions have asked for a rise of 8.5%. There’ll be a meeting between their leaders and management later today.
The latest unemployment figures have been released for this year. They show an increase of 150, 263 on last year’s figures. This brings the total number of the unemployed to approximately 1,490,000. The Employment Minister says this increase has been caused by the relocation of several factories from Britain to the Far East.
Estate agents are predicting that house prices will continue to rise this year, making it extremely difficult for first-time buyers to get onto the property ladder. It’s estimated that house prices have increased by a third in the last five years. The average price of a three-bedroom house in southeast England is now 255,900.
And, the weather for the weekend…
Questions:
11. Which of the following is a reason for the car accident on the M1
12. What have workers in Coventry protested against
13. What do estate agents say about house prices
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.
This semester we’ve been looking at fear from biological perspective. While someone asked whether the tendency to be fearful is genetic, some studies done with mice indicated that mammals do inherit fearfulness to some degree. In one study for instance, a group of mice were place in the brightly lit open boxes with no hiding places. Some of the mice wandered around the box and didn’t appear to be bothered about being so exposed. But other mice didn’t move. They stayed up against one wall, which indicates that they were afraid. When mice like this were bred with one another repeatedly, after about 12 or so generations, then all of the mice show similar signs of fearfulness. And even when the new born mice from this generation were raised by a mother and with other mice who were not fearful, those mice still tend to be fearful. Now, why is this Well, it’s thought that the specific gene in animal bodies have influenced the anxious behavior. These genes are associated with particular nerve cells in the brain. And the degree of overall fearfulness in the mammal seems to depend in the large part on the presence or absence of these nerve cells. And this appears to apply to humans as well by the way.
Questions:
14. What is the talk mainly about
15. How did some of the mice in the study show that they were afraid
16. According to the speaker, what leads to a mammal’s tendency to be fearful
Section C
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
W: Gosh, John, I just love being back in my hometown. It’s the perfect place to get married.
M: Yeah, I guess it’s pretty good. I can’t wait for the wedding. It’s going to be a great party!
W: A party John, this wedding is supposed to be a romantic event for you and me.
M: Yeah, that’s fine. But I’m also definitely going to party with the groomsmen at the wedding reception!
W: That’s right. We have to plan the reception too. How many people do you think will come
M: I don’t know…but we have a pretty big wedding party, and I have a really big family.
W: That’s true! I don’t think I will be able to remember the names of all my in-laws.
M: Don’t worry. I often forget some of their names too!
W: Say, John, do you know who your best man is going to be
M: No, I haven’t decided yet. I’ll probably choose whichever friend can give the best toast. What about your maid of honor
W: I haven’t had time to decide because I’ve been so busy thinking about all the other planning. We haven’t even talked about the rehearsal dinner yet!
M: Don’t worry. The groom’s family is supposed to plan the rehearsal dinner. It’s the tradition. Let’s just get a wedding planner to do all the work for us.
W: A wedding planner No way! I don’t want a stranger to plan our wedding.
M: Well, if you don’t want to get a wedding planner, my mother said she would be happy to help you plan the wedding.
Questions:
17. Where will the couple get married
18. How will the man probably choose his best man
19. Who is supposed to plan the rehearsal dinner
20. Why doesn’t the woman want to get a wedding planner 1-5 DCCDC 6-10 CBBCA 11-16 ABB, CDD 17-20 AACD
21.As soon as 22.to oppose 23.Though 24.instead of 25.has revealed
26.more likely 27.so that 28.measuring 29.represented 30.whoever
31-40 IACGB KDEFH
41-55 DABBC ABCBD BACBC
56-59 BDAB 60-62 ABD 63-66 DACD
67-70 FABD
71-76 略上海市嘉定区名校2023-2024学年度第一学期
高三英语期末考试卷 2023.12
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Go to catch the next train. B. Listen to the traffic report.
C. Go to the city by other transportation. D. Check the weekend schedule.
2. A. It doesn’t take a long time to get there. B. The lectures have been put off.
C. There is no need to hurry. D. The lectures have already started.
3. A. The woman should have gone to Paris earlier.
B. He studied French in a diferent way in high school.
C. Life in Paris helped improve the woman’s language skills.
D. The woman must have had a good teacher in Paris.
4. A. She thinks the post office is nearby. B. She is also looking for the post office.
C. She thinks the man’s guess is right. D. She doesn’t know where the post office is.
5. A. Her coat is similar to the man’s. B. The man needn’t have brought the coat.
C. Her sweater is not warm enough. D. The man shouldn’t have worn a sweater.
6. A. Make sure the registration office didn’t make a mistake.
B. Decide whether to drop the course in the first week.
C. Find out if a place opens up in the course later.
D. Take the course of the creative writing next year.
7. A. He recently spent a month in New York. B. He can recommend many things to do.
C. He suggests the woman extend her trip. D. He bets the woman will have fun there.
8. A. Disappointed. B. Excited. C. Proud. D. Embarrassed.
9. A. He talks less than he used to. B. He hasn’t had time to play tennis recently.
C. He shouldn’t have behaved so proudly. D. He has never talked to her after the game.
10. A. The man should have had his car inspected earlier.
B. There are always a lot of people at the auto inspection center.
C. She waited longer than the man did to have her car inspected.
D. The auto inspection center will close at the end of the month.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversations. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The truck’s over speeding. B. The truck’s heavy load.
C. The terrible weather. D. The pedestrians’ carelessness.
12. A. The relocation ofseveral factories. B. The company’s pay offer.
C. The high rate of unemployment. D. The union’s demand.
13. A. They will increase by a third this year.
B. They have been rising in the last five years.
C. The average price of a house in the UK is 255,900
D. They make it extremely diffcult for those on the property ladder to buy a house.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. What causes fearfulness externally. B. Why mice are particularly fearful animals.
C. Whether fearfulness is inherited or not. D. How animals react to frightening situations.
15. A. They wandered around the box. B. They bred again and again.
C. They couldn’t find a hiding place. D. They remained close to one wall.
16. A. Some changes in the nervous system. B. The interference from human beings.
C. The size of nerve cells in the brain. D. The existence of certain nerve cells.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. In the woman’s hometown. B. In the man’s hometown.
C. Outside their hometown. D. In a small town.
18. A. Choose whichever friend can give the best toast.
B. Choose whichever friend can plan the reception.
C. Choose whichever friend knows all their in-laws.
D. Choose whichever friend knows a lot about weddings.
19. A. The bride’s family. B. A wedding planner.
C. The groom’s family. D. The new couple.
20. A. She doesn’t think it is a tradition.
B. She thinks her mother-in-law can plan the wedding well.
C. She thinks it will cost too much to have a wedding planner.
D. She doesn’t want her wedding to be in the charge of someone unknown to her.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Are you afraid of getting old (21)________ ________ ________ we get past the age of 25, many of us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing — especially the visible ones. Men and women are now using topical “anti-ageing” creams, spa treatments and medical procedures (22)________(oppose) many of them.
(23)________ these methods can somewhat affect the way you look, ageing is an internal process. A new study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks.
A group scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that (24)________ ________ being a smooth, continuous process, ageing surges forward at three distinct stages of life: first, at the age of 34, then at age 60, and finally at 78.
The study, published in Nature Medicine, (25)________(reveal) that scientists can not only predict your age by studying the proteome (protein levels in the blood) but also determine which organs are ageing faster than the others, and which age-related diseases your body is (26)________(likely) to develop. The study measured plasma proteins(血浆蛋白) collected from 4,263 adults between the ages of 18-95 years and studied the changes in the proteome that occurred with age.
Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues and age-related discases like Alzheimer’s (27)________ ________ therapeutic treatments can be devised to oppose their attack while there’s still time.
Dr Tony Wyss-Coray, one of the leading members of the study, told Stanford Medicine News Center, “We’ve known for a long time that (28)________(measure) certain proteins can give you information about a person’s health status — lipoproteins(脂蛋白) for cardiovascular(心血管的) health, for example. But it hasn’t been appreciated that so many different proteins’ levels — roughly a third of all the ones we looked at — change markedly with advancing age.”
This difference between the chronological(按时间计算的) and physiological(生理的) age, according to the scientists’ “plasma-protein clock", showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they actually are. What’s more, the study also confirmed that men and women, though equally (29)________(represent) in the study, age differently.
Does this mean medicafions and lifestyle methods, with further research, can also be devised to help (30)________ ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and Alzheimer’s You never know.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box, Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. approach B. beneficiaries C. recently D. eliminates E. nutrients F. practices G. irreparable H. threat I. undesirable J. panic K. naturally
The Beneficial Effects of Forest Fires
Forest fires are undoubtedly a threat. In the mid-1900s, all forest burns were considered __31__, and firefighters responded to all of these fires whether or not they were burning close to where humans lived. This __32__ to forest fires was both expensive and risky, However, more __33__ forest managers began to see that forest fires did have benefits. Foresters saw that forest fires were beneficial for trees and soil.
Previously, people believed that forest fires caused __34__ damage to trees, however, now forest managers know that trees are the major __35__ of fires. Many __36__ occuring forest fires, often caused by lightning strikes, are surface fires that burn the understory---the shrubs and herbs from the forest---without damaging the trees in the overstory, In this way, the fire __37__ competition from the smaller trees, allowing the larger trees to flourish. Once the understory has been burned away, the forest is less likely to burn from high-temperature fires that can do real damage to the tall trees.
In the past, it was not obvious how forest fires enriched the soil. Today, foresters understand that forest fires improve soil quality by changing the ‘litter’----dead leaves and branches on the forest floor----to nutrient-rich soil. Normally, litter decomposes very slowly. However, fire releases the __38__ in the litter immediately. This creates an increase in the amount of phosphorus and potassium which are key elements that promote tree growth.
As forest managers have leared more about the long-term effects of forest fires, they have realized that forest fires can have beneficial effects and have changed their forest management __39__ to reflect this new opinion. It is now recognized that forest fires, are a natural part of forest ecosystems and are beneficial to the trees and soil. As long as fires are no __40__ to homes and communities, foresters now often choose to do nothing to stop the fires.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
History has not yet __41__ what we will definitively call the postmillennial cohort (2000年后出生的人) that now __42__ more than 60 million people in the U.S. These kids and __43__ with no concept of life __44__ the Intemet have so far been called the App Generation and Generation Z. They’ve been referred to as Homelanders, having grown up under the ghost of terorism. They’ve also been __45__ the Plurals, for their historic diversity, as well as the Founders, at least by MTV.
Whatever we __46__ naming them, marketers and academies are tuming their attention to this group, which has billions in __47__ and is already shaping the culture, This generation is growing up “totally and utterly connected,” says California State University psychologist Larry Rosen. Experts like Rosen have concerns about these kids’ Google-inspired expectations that everything be __48__. They worry about their inability to __49__ even five seconds of boredom, And they worry about the demands that come with __50__ several identities online, from Facebook to Twitter to Snapchat. “There’s so much pressure on young people, who are still __51__ their identities, to present this crystallized, idealized identity online,” says the University of Washington’s Katie Davis.
Historian Neil Howe sees __52__ with the Silent Generation, the spoilt, risk-avoiding, “nice” generation of kids who grew up during the Great Depression and World War ll, although some marked differences are found. Today’s youths are also coming of age among geopolitical trouble and fears about the economy, he says, __53__ schools emphasize an intense far-reaching sensitivity to other kids. He suspects this __54__ will be known for being well behaved and perhaps boring the culture by playing it safe. “There are typical examples that occur repeatedly,” Howe says, “even if they go by different __55__.”
41. A. remarked B. convinced C. guaranteed D. revealed
42. A. numbers B. houses C. accommodates D. contains
43. A. peers B. adolescents C. folks D. guys
44. A. over B. without C. besides D. beyond
45. A. diagnosed B. dismissed C. labeled D. coined
46. A. end up B. consider about C. appeal for D. approve of
47. A. distribution force B. purchasing power
C. global view D. unique outlooks
48. A. vivid B. instructive C. instant D. profitable
49. A. feed up with B. put up with C. make up for D. identify with
50. A. faking B. revising C. illustrating D. maintaining
51. A. supervising B. forming C. representing D. promoting
52. A. parallels B. contrasts C. comparisons D. reservations
53. A. because B. although C. while D. when
54. A. emphasis B. generation C. intensity D. cultivation
55. A. routes B. schemes C. names D. definitions
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinjshed statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Earlier this year I took a trip to England and France to go see some friends, It was a wonderful trip; l really loved it. But one thing that struck me was how different these cultures are frorn our own. l guess this would strike any traveler because that is the first thing you notice and it is what makes travel so exciting. Of course, these.cultures are also similar to ours in many respects, but it’s the differences that really stand out.
One of the things that struck me in particular was the.different attitudes towards smoking. As you know, there’s a growing anti-smoking sentiment in Europe. However, when I went to England and France, I got a new perspective on this issue. People seem to smoke anywhere and everywhere, even though anti-smoking signs are all over public places. On the radio, I heard about a member of the World Cup soccer team who smoked. And people were actually saying, “Well, he should not be on the team because he’s a bad example for our children.” I think, if they want to look at bad examples for their children, they should just go out on the street, or go into the subways, or look in the mirror, even, because so many of them are smoking in very inappropriate places. I visited a restaurant buffet in London and saw an Enplish woman scooping up the food with a lit cigarette in her hand. Smoke rising into the air. Actually, when I talked to English people later, they were pretty shocked too, and they said that smoking in a restaurant is rude even by British standards.
This did not give me a bad impression of English people. It gave me, on the contrary, a positive feeling toward American smokers. There are a lot of Amercan smokers who will proclaim their right to smoke whenever they want, but they will follow the rules, generally, because they have consideration for nonsmokers. So this experience in Europe gave me more of a respect for this kind of smoker.
56. What surprised the writer during his trip to England and France
A. The wonderful trip to England and France.
B. Cultural differences that he noticed during his trip.
C. Similarity between cultures stands out more than differences.
D. Growing anti-smoking views in Europe.
57. What did the speaker find in England and France about the smoking issue
A. People discuss the smoking issue or the radio.
B. Smokers are allowed to smoke anywhere and anytime.
C. People are encouraged to smoke in inappropriate places.
D. Many smokers pay no attention to the “No Smoking” signs.
58. The word ''sentiment"’ in the second paragraph means ____________.
A. feeling B. movement C. offense D. regulation
59. What kind of smokers does the speaker respect
A. Those who are from America and Europe.
B. Those who respect others’ feelings.
C. Those who defend the right to smoke.
D. Those who set rules of smoking in public places.
B
One of the most well-known figures of American history, Thomas Jefferson was the third President of the United States and the author of the Declaration of Independence. His life was an inspiring one and at the same time a little bit contradictory to his statements and way of living life, and thus he has formed the subject of a lot of authors’ books.
Jefferson and his time This is a Biography of the life of Jefferson published in 6 volumes over a very long period of 34 years staring from 1948 till 1982.
Read it For: It is an entire collection introducing all aspects of Jefferson’s life in great details from his childhood till his last days. For history enthusiasts, this is a wonderful book that will give you insight into the life of one of the most memorable American leaders.
Don’t Read it For: This series is a biography and strictly a work of non-fiction. It is reading about the life of a person and might get boring for some.
American Sphinx An interesting yet strange book, this piece of writing is not an attempt to shed light on the life of Jefferson but rather an attempt to understand his mind. Jefferson was one who spoke something but did the complete opposite of it.
Read it For:
This book tries to analyze Jefferson’s life but does not do it in a way that criticizes him or idolizes him. This National Award winning book perfectly balances the act of examining someone’s acts and general behavior and trying to figure out the reason behind his contradictory statements and acts.
Don’t Read it For: If you are searching for a book about Jefferson’s life, this is not for you. It covers a few events of his life, not his entire life. This Political Biography by Meacham takes you on a journey into the world that Jefferson lived in and saw it through his eyes. It shows how Jefferson formed the world around him and handled situations and people to shape the American political system as it is today.
The Art of Power Read it For: The depth with which this book is written is commendable. It is noted that the work done by Meacham in this book puts you inside Jefferson’s head and makes you understand what it would be like to be Jefferson.
Don’t Read it For: While this book shows the genius of Jefferson, it can come off as bias, showing Jefferson in a very positive light and his opponents in a very negative light.
60. If one wants to know Thomas Jefferson’s experience in his whole life, ______ is most highly recommended.
A. “Jefferson and His Time”
B. “American Sphinx”
C. “The Art of Power”
D. none of the above
61. Having read “American Sphinx”, you may ______.
A. learn how Thomas got through his childhood in details
B. understand why Thomas’ words and deeds were not always matched
C. know how ordinary people criticize or idolize him
D. learn how Jefferson formed the world around him and addressed situations
62. One problem about “The Art of Power” is that readers ______.
A. may feel bored while they are reading it
B. cannot get a complete description of Thomas’ life
C. learn Thomas’ political life mainly from historians’ perspective
D. cannot get an objective point of view about Thomas’ gift
C
The United Nations Food Systems Summit(峰会) held last September was overshadowed by a powerful counter-moblilization effort led by farmers and scientists and small-scale food producers across the world.
Opposition to the summit had been mounting since July, when hundreds of grassroots organizations challenged the organizers for framing the problem of food systems in narrow, technocratic ways and offering “false solutions” such as biotechnological interventions(干预)instead of promoting more sustainable, just and people-first ways of farming. Also in July the Philippines approved commercial cultivation of Bt eggplant, a genetically modified (GM) food that produces a protein that kills eggplant fruit and “Golden Rice” changed to produce beta-carotene, the forerunner of vitamin A. The Philippines thus became the first country in South and Southeast Asia of approve GM rice.
Advocates of GM crops praised the Philippines’ move as a victory of science. Since the U. N.’s food summit was announced two years ago, different groups have steadily reduced applications of science to global problems to a limited set of investor-oriented innovations. Within this orbit, agricultural biotechnology and digitalization are boasted as vital to achieving the U. N.’s sustainable development goals. As governments now debate the way forward from the summit, it is critical to recognize that a narrow focus on technology to address the complex structural problems of farming and food has an astonishingly poor track record.
At its base, GM crops are rooted in a colonial-capitalist model of agriculture based on theft of local land and on exploiting farmers’ and food workers’ labor, native knowledge and the web of lift itself. Today this agricultural model is responsible not only for increasing farm debt, depleted soils, and threats to native seeds and biodiversity but also the destruction of farmers’ knowledge and skills. For the world to achieve sustainability, this colonial model of agriculture must be dismissed, and promising agroecological approaches based on working with biodiversity and farmers’ knowledge and skills should be brought to center stage.
Most GM crops are engineered with resistance to herbicides(除草剂)and insects, which has not only contributed to the emergence of “super-weeds” and increasing pesticide use but has driven the global growth of seed and chemical industries. These kinds of crops have principally benefited large-scale farmers, grain traders and multinational corporations involved in selling seeds and pesticides.
Multinational agribusinesses have understood Golden Rice and Bt eggplant as pro-poor technologies to win over smallholder farmers and consumers in the Global South. The International Rice Research Institute has led Golden Rice’s development with support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and in partnership with Syngenta (which owns rights to the rice) to address vitamin A deficiency (VAD) among the poor, especially children and pregnant women.
63. The recent Food Systems Summit was greeted with distrust because the organizers ________.
A. didn’t take the interests of people concerned into account
B. didn’t attach importance to the blossoming of agriculture
C. failed to come up with the effective initiatives with joint efforts
D. employed the inappropriate approaches to farming
64. What is the purpose of mentioning the Philippines’ case
A. To prove the victory for the supporters of GM food.
B. To illustrate the Philippines’ opposition to the summit.
C. To argue it is a waste of money in the GM food.
D. To introduce how many nutrients GM food may contain.
65. ________ is advocated for the development of agriculture in the long run.
A. Exploiting farmers’ and food workers’ labor
B. Developing crops resistant to insects
C. Removing the colonial-capitalist model
D. Establishing partnership to address VAD
66. What can be inferred from the passage
A. The Philippines is a country with cutting-edge technologies.
B. The application of GM food will solve the problem of environment.
C. Governments have initiated into the complex structural farming problems.
D. The booming pesticide industry is credited to the cultivation of GM food.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. In addition, virtual friends can offer emotional support. B. When you're not face to face, it's much easier to deceive people. C. Many people would agree. D. Researchers also found that it's not unusual for online friends to become face-to-face friend. E. Online friends may be of help in many ways. F. Online friends, or virtual friends, are people who have become acquainted with each othethrough the lnternet.
Modern computer technology has made a new kind of human relationship possible: online friendship. __67__ Are online friendships as beneficial as face-to-face friendships What are the advantages and disadvantages of having virtual friends Can people form strong bonds online Today these questions are the subject of lively debate.
Some people believe that the Internet is the best way to make new friends. It’s convenient, it’s fast, and it allows making contact with different kinds of people from all overhe world. When you use social networking, websites and chat rooms, you can easily find people with interests and hobbies similar to yours. Information updates and photos add to the experience. Making friends on the Internet is especially good for shy people who feel uncomfortable in social situations. It’s often easier to share thoughts and feelings online. __68__ They can make people feel less lonely and help them solve problems.
Although the Internet can encourage friendship, it has a major disadvantage. __69__ Online friends only tell you what they want you to know. They sometimes exaggerate their good qualities and hide the less positive ones, so you can’t be sure of what they really like. That is why you should not give personal information to anyone online unless you’re totally sure of who that person is.
Can online friendship be as meaningful as face-to-face ones There are different points of view. Researchers at the University of Southern Califoria surveyed 2,000 households in the United States. The results showed that more than 40 percent of participants feel “as strongly about their online buddies” as they do about their “offline” friends.__70__. In contrast, there are many people who believe that it’s not possible to have deep relationships with online friends, A young Indian software engineer, Lalitha Lakshmipathy, says, “it’s good to feel connected with many people, but all my e-buddies are not necessarily my close friends.” They say that it’s hard to develop feelings of trust and connection when you don’t share experiences in person.
People continue to express different opinions about online friendship. However, most of them would agree that virtual friendships must not replace face-to-face friendships. As one life coach says, “a social networking site should only be the ‘add on’ in any relationship.”
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Global Cooperation
In the 21st century, we’ve seen a new trend that is pushing the boundaries of human invention and innovation—global cooperation. Scientific and technical research and development is now so complicated that no one scientist can know it all. So, increasingly, innovation is coming from the combining of cutting-edge expertise (专业知识) from different scientific fields.
There are now over 8, 000 scientific journals worldwide and it is impossible to be an expert in all areas. Therefore, in this highly specialized world, scientists, medics and engineers have to cooperate in order to innovate. Professor Bob Langer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has made significant breakthroughs in the field of biomedical engineering. But he hasn’t done it on his own. He has invited experts from around the world in different fields to form a global team to design new substances which can go inside the body, deliver medicines and then dissolve. Also at MIT, when Cesar Harada heard about the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010, he quit his dream job there and tried to develop a more efficient way to remove the oil. But rather than focusing on profit, he decided to ‘open-source’ the design. He shared his own ideas on the web for free and then got experts from all around the world to contribute ideas and even donations. Thanks to this free, not-for-profit way of sharing ideas and intellectual property on the internet, a boat capable of cleaning oil quickly came into being. Obviously, international cooperation based on sharing information freely has produced innovative approaches to solving problems.
It appears that the days of brilliant individuals working in their garages on their own are over. Global teams with a united purpose building on everyone’s expertise can collectively do far more than one brilliant individual. Today’s world calls for global cooperators, sharers, and not protectors of ideas.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 人们通过在微信上分享照片让亲朋好友了解他们的近况。(keep)
73. 一般说来，交通繁忙的十字路口可能会发生交通事故。(happen)
74. 莫言曾在一次演讲中说到：许多发生在他身上的事情都让他相信真理和正义就在我们身边。(convince)
75. 毫无疑问，不管人类文明有多么发达，如果生态平衡被打破，过不了多久我们就会白食其果。(it)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的高三学生李明，你校学生会就成人仪式(Coming-of-age Ceremony)的活动内容向全校学生征求意见。你决定写一封邮件给学生会，表达你的意见，内容包括：1.你建议成人仪式包含哪些活动；2.你提出这些建议的理由。
