(共27张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 5
Writing & Presenting ideas
新 课 导 入
Have you ever taken a part-time job
If so, what is it
课 堂 学 习
1
Read the job advertisement and the application letter. Match the headings to the sections and find out how qualified the applicant is for the job.
Local Tour Guide Wanted
Contact:
JaneSmith@
9 am to 4 pm four days a week.
Fluency in English and French.
Knowledge of the city’s history and attractions.
Relevant experience preferred.
Applicants must be 16 and above.
PART-TIME
d
d
Dear Ms Smith,
I wish to apply for the position of a local tour guide as advertised in the Daily News on 30 June.
d
I’m very familiar with the history of my home city, and have a passion for history. This role would enable me to help bring our history to life for visitors and promote local culture. As I plan to work in the tourism industry after graduation, I would welcome the opportunity to gain experience in this field.
d
d
As stated in my attached CV, I can speak both English and French fluently. English is my native language, and I’m majoring in French at university. I also attended an exchange programme in Paris last year, which further improved my French language skills.
Although I’m not a professional tour guide, I organised and conducted a tour of my city for classmates living outside the area, for which I received excellent feedback. What’s more, I’m a quick learner, and am willing to start at the beginning where necessary.
d
d
I would be delighted to have the opportunity to discuss my application further with you. I’m contactable via email at this address or by phone on 6747-9818. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Josie Davis
a Stating relevant past experience
b Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
c Stating qualifications required
d Formal signing off
e Formal greeting
f Stating personal interest and career choice
g Stating purpose of the letter, including position applied for and how applicant came to know about it
d
d
Dear Ms Smith,
I wish to apply for the position of a local tour guide as advertised in the Daily News on 30 June.
d
I’m very familiar with the history of my home city, and have a passion for history. This role would enable me to help bring our history to life for visitors and promote local culture. As I plan to work in the tourism industry after graduation, I would welcome the opportunity to gain experience in this field.
e. Formal greeting
g. Stating purpose of the letter, including position applied for and how applicants came to know about it
f. Stating personal interest and career choice
d
d
As stated in my attached CV, I can speak both English and French fluently. English is my native language, and I’m majoring in French at university. I also attended an exchange programme in Paris last year, which further improved my French language skills.
Although I’m not a professional tour guide, I organised and conducted a tour of my city for classmates living outside the area, for which I received excellent feedback. What’s more, I’m a quick learner, and am willing to start at the beginning where necessary.
c. Stating qualifications required
a. Stating relevant past experience
d
d
I would be delighted to have the opportunity to discuss my application further with you. I’m contactable via email at this address or by phone on 6747-9818. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours sincerely,
Josie Davis
b. Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
d. Formal signing off
Question:What does an application letter usually include
an application letter
Formal greeting
Stating purpose of the letter, including the position applied for and how applicants came to know about it
Stating personal interest and career choice
Stating qualifications required
Stating relevant past experiences
Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information
Formal signing off
Question:Is Josie Davis suitable for the job tour guide in the advertisement in Activity 5 How can we know that？
Give your reasons.
Requirements:
Fluency in English and French
Knowledge of the city’s hirstory and attractions
Relevant experience preferred
can speak both English and French fluently;
English is native language, majoring in French at university;
attended an exchange programme in Paris last year
very familiar with the history of her home city;
have a passion for history
organised and conducted a tour of her city for classmates living outside the area, having received excellent feedback
Qualifications:
Question:There are many useful words and expressions in this application letter , can you find them And can you list more
Formal greeting:
Dear xxx (more:Mr./Miss. xxx; 职业/头衔+姓氏; Dear Sir/Madame )
Stating purpose of the letter:
I wish to apply for the position of......
(more:I’m writing to apply for......; I’m writing to express my interest in......)
Stating personal interest and career choice:
be familiar with; have a passion for; enable sb. to do sth.; plan to do sth.; welcome the opportunity to do sth.
(more:have a gift for; be fond of; enjoy doing sth.)
Stating relevant past experience:
organize; conduct; receive excellent feedback; a quick learner; be willing to
(more:I have been worked in.......as a/an......)
Ending by restating interest, as well as contact information:
be delighted to; have the opportunity to do sth.; discuss......further with......; contactable; thank you for your time and consideration
(more:look forward to hearing from you; your early reply will be appreciated)
Formal signing off:
Yours Sincerely(more:Yours Truly; Best Regards)
Stating qualifications required:
speak......fluently; major in; attend; further improve
(more:work hard; get along well with others; kind; easygoing; always ready to help others; have much knowledge in many fields; be good at communicating with others; an all-round student; be well acquainted with)
2
Read the job advertisement and plan for your application letter by answering the questions.
1 What job are you applying for
Where did you find the job vacancy
2 What previous experience makes you suitable for the job
3 What relevant qualifications do you have
Now answer the questions：
1. What job are you applying for Where did you find the job vacancy
I wish to apply for the position of office assistant.The job vacancy is advertised in China News Report on 11 July.
2. What previous experience makes you suitable for the job
I once worked in a major department store for a few weeks, five days per week on the morning shift, and I was regarded as a valuable addition to the sales team.
3. What relevant qualifications do you have
I’m skilled in the use of computers, and I have a great interest in online technology.I am well prepared for a variety of tasks, including document filing, photocopying and arranging refreshments.
Now write the application letter.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s application letters, paying particular attention to the structure and language.
Sample:
Dear Ms Lee,
I wish to apply for the position of office assistant as advertised in China News Report on 11 July.
I’m skilled in the use of computers, and I have a great interest in online technology. I believe my skills would enable me to contribute to the smooth operation of your office.As I plan to work in an administrative post after graduation, I would welcome the opportunity to gain experience in this field.
As stated in my attached CV, I am well prepared for a variety of tasks, including document filing, photocopying, preparing meeting agendas, arranging refreshments and sorting letters and parcels. English is my native language, and I’m majoring in French at university.
Although I have not held the position of office assistant before, I did work in a major department store for a few weeks, five days per week on the morning shift, and I was regarded as a valuable addition to the sales team. I am capable of learning quickly, and willing to start with the basics wherever it is necessary.
Should you consider me a suitable candidate to interview, I’m contactable at your convenience at samhanson@ or by phone on 8969-7616. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Sam Hanson
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1 What kind of life does each picture show
The first picture shows a successful business life.
The second picture shows a happy family life.
The third picture shows a life close to nature.
2 What do you consider to be a successful life Give your reasons.
I think a successful life means that you have a happy family and have a job that provides you money. You can take a trip lose to nature now and then with you family. Because I think that family is the most important item in our life.
5
Work in groups. Talk about what success means to you and give plete the table.
Meaning of success
Examples
6
Discuss your understanding of success in more detail and make notes.
not necessarily turn out exactly as ...plan
In the face of such problems, I will...
Whatever twists and turns I might encounter, ...take a leaf...
1. What does a successful future mean to you
I have always believed.../have come to believe...
2. Why do you think that way
inspire me to/make up my mind to /weigh up the option.../single-minded in my ambition to/extraordinary experiences /I’d say it is due to...
3.What goals do you think you need to achieve to be successful
To start with, ... What’s more,... It’s crucial for..., set oneself a goal...
4.What would you do if you didn’t achieve these goals
7
Prepare a speech about your understanding of success. Consider the following:
1 Structure of your speech
2 useful words, expressions and structures
3 helpful public speaking skills
8
Give your speech to the class
1. Retell the structure of an application letter.
2. Make a definition to “success”.(共17张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 3
Listening and Speaking
新 课 导 入
Have you ever felt confused
because you can’t make a choice
And what will you do when you can’t make a choice
课 堂 学 习
1
Read the conversation and answer the questions. Pay attention to the expressions in bold.
Jenny: What’s up, Li Ling You look worried.
Li Ling: I’m facing a difficult decision. I’ve been recommended for admission to study physics at my dream university.
Jenny: Congratulations! But what do you mean by a difficult decision
Li Ling: Well, it sounds wonderful, but I had already decided to take the college entrance exam and apply to the Medical School there. I can’t make up my mind what the right thing to do is.
Jenny: I think it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
Li Ling: I know, but I have always wanted to study medicine and become a doctor. Physics is interesting, but it’s not my preferred major.
1
Read the conversation and answer the questions. Pay attention to the expressions in bold.
Jenny: Then why the indecision Go for your preferred major.
Li Ling: But what if I don’t do well enough in the exam to get into the Medical School I’m really having second thoughts.
Jenny: Can you put off making a decision until you’ve spoken to your high school advisor
Li Ling: I have already talked to her. She told me that I must decide what’s right for me now, and then go for it.
The problem is I don’t know what is right for me.
Jenny: Well, I wouldn’t reject anything out of hand.
Let’s go for lunch. Then we can weigh up the options and try to come to a decision.
Now answer the questions:
1. What difficult decision is Li Ling facing
Why is she feeling worried
She has to make a choice between studying physics at her dream university, as she has been admitted without taking any exam, and taking the college entrance exam and applying to the Medical School there.She doesn’t know whether she can make the right decision.
2. What does Jenny suggest to her
Jenny at first suggested to Li Ling that she should go for her preferred major. Then she suggested that she could put off making a decision until she had spoken to her high school advisor.Since Li Ling still could not make a decision, Jenny suggested that they could go for lunch and then weigh up the options.
3. What would you do when faced with a difficult decision
Possible answer: I will weigh up the possible options and turn to my parents and teachers for help before making the final decision.
【巩固练习】
Try to paraphrase the expressions in your own words.
1. make up one’s mind:
2. pass up the opportunity:
3. have second thoughts:
4. put off making a decision:
5. reject anything out of hand:
6. weigh up the options:
to determine to do something
to choose not to make use of an opportunity
to change one’s mind on second thought
to change making a decision to a later time
to resolutely refuse to do anything
to consider the options carefully before making a decision
2
Read the statements and complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in Activity 1.
1 May is .
2 Jane is .
3 Paul finds it easy to .
4 Bill is .
5 Amanda wants to .
6 Jia Ying has decided to .
having second thoughts
putting off making a decision
make up his mind
rejecting something out of hand
weigh up the options
pass up the opportunity
3
Read the passage and answer the questions.
It is crucial for teenagers to develop into mature and responsible members of society. In addition to participation in school, a part-time job can also be helpful in this transition. It can help them achieve new accomplishments, learn about society and become more independent.
Many countries now have laws to regulate part-time employment for students. In the UK, for example, the law states that students aged 15 and 16 are allowed to work a maximum of 12 hours per week during term time, and 35 hours per week during school holidays. They are not allowed to work before 7 am or after 7 pm.
Now answer the questions:
1 What can students achieve via part-time jobs
Students can achieve new accomplishments, learn about society and become more independent, thus developing into mature and responsible members of society via part-time jobs.
2 What regulations are in place for students doing part-time jobs in the UK
In the UK, the law states that students aged 15 and 16 are allowed to work a maximum of 12 hours per week during term time, and 35 hours per week during school holidays. They are not allowed to work before 7 am or after 7 pm.
3 Have you ever had a part-time job Why did you do it
4
Listen to the interview and choose the job Richard applied for.
5
Listen again and complete the notes.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
dealing with people
guiding visitors to local sites
as a lifeguard on the beach
worked selling food at a street stall
friendly
he is working hard to satisfy people
travel experiences
His previous work experience
desired to make the best use of
prepare him for his future college application
Now work in pairs. Decide whether Richard should get the job and give your reasons.
6
Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview.
Would you mind … May I ask why …
The reason is … It’s because…
Could you tell me… I’d say it’s due to…
…, if you wouldn’t Would you explain…
mind. It’s a result of…
Asking polite questions
Giving reasons
Would you mind …
Could you tell me…
…, if you wouldn’t mind.
May I ask why…
Would you explain…
The reason is…
It’s because…
I’d say it’s due to…
It’s a result of…
7
Work in pairs. Choose a part-time job advertisement in Activity 4 and act out an interview using the expressions in this section.
Now consider if you could effectively participate in a job interview.
1. List more phrases to give suggestions and make choices and decisions.
2. Use expressions of asking polite questions and giving reasons.(共35张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 1
Starting out & Understanding ideas
课 堂 学 习
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1 Who is mentioned in the video
What decisions did he make
2 Why did he change his decision
1
Starting out
课 堂 学 习
1 Who is mentioned in the video What decisions did he make
Lu Xun.
When Lu Xun was 15, traditional Chinese medicine failed to cure his father's illness, so he made a decision to study Western medicine and become a doctor. But later, he made a decision to abandon his medical studies and take up writing.
2 Why did he change his decision
Because he realised that the people in China were more in need of treatment for their minds than their bodies.The most important thing, in his mind, was to change people's spirit, and the best way to achieve this was through literature.
Look at the picture and answer the questions.
2
1 What can you see in the picture
2 What are the differences between the
three paths
3 What do you think life's path looks like
We can see three different paths in the picture. One man is standing in front of the three paths. He may be thinking about which one he should follow.
The path on the left side of the picture is very straight and smooth. The path in the middle is straight, but there are many rocks on it. The path on the right has many twists and turns. The two straight paths reach a mountain, while the winding one reaches a forest.
The life path looks like the path in the middle and the one on the right. There are many difficulties and challenges in our life.
1 What can you see in the picture
2 What are the differences between the three paths
3 What do you think life's path looks like
1
Complete the questionnaire and share your answers with the class.
Understanding ideas
Now you've been at senior high for over a year, I'd like to know your progress and plans for the future. Thank you!
Your Form teacher
How do you feel about your performance over the previous terms
satisfied
so-so
not satisfied
Why
1
SENIOR HIGH QUESTIONNAIRE
2
What goals have you achieved
4
3
5
What goals have you yet to achieve
What will you do about the goals you want to achieve
How do you plan to achieve these goals
2
Look at the title and predict what the passage is about.
Different jobs people might do in the future.
Stories about different people's future.
Various possibilities for future development.
Fixed future for everyone.
Now read the passage and check your prediction.
1 For many of us, it's something we already have experienced. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. The next, our eyes are open and we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our lives-the future.Will we get into the school of our choice What will we be doing in ten years' time Can we become the person we really want to be In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever comes our way
Facing the Future
2 As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no guarantee that they will become reality. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
3 The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899, was from early boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write.On leaving high school, he joined a local Kansas newspaper as a trainee reporter. He went on to become foreign correspondent for the Toronto Star and used his extraordinary experiences in Europe and later Cuba to inform his writing. In his words,"I decided that I would write one story about each thing that I knew about."Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others.
His novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953. He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
4 By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor. But Doyle's main ambition was to become a writer of historical novels. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes, which he is still best known for to this day.
5 Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other academic works.
The public, however, couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes. In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novel published in 1893 so that he could focus on his"serious"writing. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead. Doyle's many historical novels, plays, poems and academic papers have remained largely forgotten, but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.
6 Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected. As renowned tech innovator Steve Jobs once said,"You can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that the dots will somehow connect in your future."
Skimming
3
Match the questions to the paragraphs and find out the answers.
a What is possibly the most important concern in life
b What was Doyle's main writing ambition
c What can you do when faced with uncertainty about the future
d What is the relationship between one's plans and the future
e Why was Doyle disappointed with the success of his Holmes stories
f What did Hemingway do to achieve his ambition to become a writer
1
4
6
2
5
3
Careful reading
Organise information from the passage and complete the chart.
4
Ernest
Hemingway
He was born in the US in 1899.
He __________________________________ since boyhood.
He wrote __________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________.
He won ___________________________________________
__________________________________________________.
was single-minded in his ambition to write
novels and short stories based on his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War, bullfighting and deep-sea fishing, amongst others
the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953 and won the Nobel Prize in Literature later
Arthur Conan Doyle
He was born in Scotland in 1859.
He first worked as ________, but ________
___________________________________
___________________________________.
He created __________________________,
Sherlock Holmes.
He had wanted to be remembered for ___________________________________________,
but ________________________________________.
Doyle's main ambition was to become a writer
of historical novels
a doctor
the fictional detective
his historical novels amongst other academic works
the public couldn't get enough of Sherlock Holmes
Ernest Hemingway
Arthur
Conan Doyle
Similarities
They both ______________________.
They shared ________________________________
___________________________________________.
were ultimately successful
the same ambitious and energetic approach to life
Now read the sentence from the passage and answer the questions.
So,whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
1 What is your understanding of"take a leaf out of the
books"
2 What effect is the author aiming to achieve by using
it
3 What other expressions do you know that share the
same meaning
1 What is your understanding of"take a leaf out of the books"
2 What effect is the author aiming to achieve by using it
3 What other expressions do you know that share the same meaning
One possible answer:
In my opinion, it means that you can copy the way someone else behaves
because you want to be like them or be as successful as they are.
The author aims to maintain the reader's interest by using this figure
of speech, and perhaps to end with a lighter note by using a pun.
follow the lead of sb
Think & Share
1 What is your understanding of Steve Jobs's words at the end of the passage
2 What can you learn about facing the future from the two authors
3 What will you do to prepare yourself for the future
4 Do you know any stories about Chinese writers and their plans for the future
5 What lessons can you learn from their experiences Share your opinions with the class.
Language points
1. One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a
deep sleep.
前一刻，我们正惬意地躺在床上，即将进入深度睡眠。
lie 平躺
【词汇拓展】
(1)平躺 lies, lying, lay, lain ;
lie down 躺下
(2)说谎 lies, lying, lied, lied;
lie to sb about sth 就某事对某人说谎
2. In the face of such questions, how should we approach the future
面对这些疑问，我们应该如何迎接未来呢？
in the face of 介词短语 译为在…面前；面临着，不管,不顾。
face前有定冠词the。
【词汇拓展】
be faced with 面对，面临
lose face 丢脸，失面子
make faces/a face 做鬼脸
save face 保全面子
look sb. in the face 直视某人
face to face 面对面地
3. Can we take action to shape it, or should we just accept whatever
comes our way
我们能采取行动来塑造它吗？还是我们应该只是接受我们所
遇到的一切？
take action 采取行动
【词汇拓展】
take action/steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
in action 在活动，在运转
out of action 失灵，发生故障
put…into action 将……付诸实施
come our way 来临；遇到
【词汇拓展】
(1) lose one's way 迷路
make one's way 行进；逐步取得成功
make way for 给让路
give way to 被……取代；向……让步
push one's way 挤过去
feel/wind one's way 摸索/ 蜿蜒前进
(2) in a/one way 在某种程度上
in some/many ways 在某些/ 很多方面
in no way 决不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）
in the/one's way 挡路/ 挡着某人的路
on the/one's way to 在去……的路上
4. As many of us already know, having plans in place for the future is no
guarantee that they will become reality.
正如我们许多人都知道的那样，对未来有计划并不能保证它们都
会成为现实。
having plans in place for the future现在分词短语作主语，
that they will become reality同位语从句。
5. In this respect, some people are more fortunate than others, as can be
illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40 years apart.
就这一方面而言，一些人比别人更幸运，例如，有两位年龄相
差40岁的著名作家，对比他们的人生就能证明这一点。
illustrate是动词，意为“阐明”。
as can be illustrated by comparing the lives of two famous authors, born 40
years apart 非限制性定语从句。
e.g.Let me give another example to illustrate this point.
让举另一个例子来阐明这一点。
6. Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life,
their careers unfolded in contrasting ways.
虽然他们面对生活时都有远大的志向，而且精力充沛，但他们的职业
生涯的发展却截然不同。
share .v. 共有；共享
e.g. I share your concern about this.我和你一样为此担心。
We both share an interest: playing chess after work.
我们有共同的兴趣爱好：下班后下棋。
unfolded in contrasting ways 以截然不同的方式发展
e.g. Facing the future academic planning, they unfolded in contrasting ways.
面对未来的学术规划，它们以截然不同的方式发展。
7. The American author, Ernest Hemingway, born in 1899,was from early
boyhood single-minded in his ambition to write.
single-minded 专心致志的，是一个合成形容词，由"adj.+ n.+-ed''构成。
本句中短语born in 1899相当于一个非限制性定语从句，可以替换为
who 引导的定语从句 who was born in 1899 。
e.g.Her single-minded commitment to the job meant that she had little time
left for her family.
对工作一心一意的奉献意味着她很少有时间留给自己的家庭。
【词汇拓展】
adj.+ n.+-ed
absent-minded, warm-hearted, short-sighted, iron-willed, bare-handed,
long-legged, short-armed cold-blooded, bad-tempered,
num.+ n.+-ed
one-eyed, four-legged, five-fingered, three-toed
8. Having set himself this goal, he wrote novels and short stories based on
his personal experiences of the First World War, the Spanish Civil War,
bullfighting deep-sea fishing, amongst others.
在立下这一目标后，他根据自己在第一次世界大战、西班牙内战、
斗牛表演和深海捕鱼等的亲身经历，创作了许多长篇和短篇小说。
Having set himself this goal 分词短语作时间状语。
9. His short novel The Old Man and the Sea, about the three-day epic
struggle between an elderly fisherman and the biggest fish he had
ever caught, won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1953.
他的小说《老人与海》讲述了一位老渔民与一条自己捕过的最大的
鱼进行了三天艰苦卓绝搏斗的故事。
he had ever caught定语从句。
about the three-day epic struggle between an elderly fisherman and the
biggest fish he had ever caught解释说明《老人与海》的内容。
10. By contrast, the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859,
had originally worked as a doctor.
相比而言，1859年出生于苏格兰的亚瑟 柯南 道尔，原先是一名医生。
by contrast 对比之下
e.g.By contrast,there are some people who actually enjoy work.
相比之下，有些人是真喜欢工作。
11. Although some of his historical novels were published, their success was
nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective, Sherlock Holmes,
which he is still best known for to this day.
虽然他出版过一些历史小说，但与他虚构出来的侦探夏洛克 福尔摩
斯的故事相比，所取得的成功不可同日而语。
Although some of his historical novels were published让步状语从句；
compared to the stories of his fictional detective过去分词短语作状语；
which he is still best known for to this day非限制性定语从句。
12. Interestingly, Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was
waiting for patients in his medical practice in London.
有趣的是，一些早期的福尔摩斯故事是道尔在伦教行医期间，在等候
病人的时候创作的。
while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London
是一个时间状语从句。
13. After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name, Doyle gave up
medicine and devoted himself entirely to writing.
在夏洛克 福尔摩斯让他变得家喻户晓后，道尔放弃了行医，全身心
地投人创作。
After Sherlock Holmes made him a household name时间状语从句。
give up sth/doing sth 放弃某物/做某事
devote oneself to sth 全身心投入某事
14. He still longed to become known for his historical novels amongst other
academic works.
除了其他学术作品，他还是渴望自己能因历史小说而出名。
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
become known for 因……而出名
15. In desperation, Doyle killed off the famous detective in a novelpublished in
1893 so that he could focus on his ''serious''writing.
绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦
探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。
so that he could focus on his ''serious'' writing.结果状语从句。
in desperation 绝望之下
e.g. Like an animal at bay, the bandit chieftain laid about him in desperation.
土匪头子困兽犹斗，在绝望中向四面八方乱打一气。
16. However, fans of Holmes were so angry that Doyle, under immense
pressure, was forced to bring Holmes back from the dead.
然而，福尔摩斯迷们对此感到非常愤怒，这使得道尔在巨
大压力之下，不得不让福尔摩斯起死回生。
be forced to do sth 被迫做某事
bring...back from 让……从……起死回生
【词汇拓展】
by force 凭借暴力，强制地
come into force 开始实行
in force 在实施，大规模地
join the forces 参军
join forces 齐心协力
17. Though both of these men were ultimately successful, their paths to
success were very different, their futures not necessarily turning out
exactly as they planned.
虽然这两位作家最终都获得了成功，但他们的成功之路却截然不同，
他们的未来也不一定完全如他们当初所计划的那样。
Though both of these men were ultimately successful让步状语从句,
their futures not necessarily turning out exactly as they planned
独立主格结构作结果状语。
18. So, whatever twists and turns you might encounter, take a leaf out of
the books of these two authors and be prepared for the unexpected.
因此，不管未来你会遇到怎样的坎河和曲折，都应以这两位作者为
榜样，做好应对意外的准备。
whatever twists and turns you might encounter让步状语从句。
1 Can you share your understanding of Lu Xun's choices
2 What are the differences of Hemingway and Conan Doyle (共33张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 2
Grammar
课 堂 学 习
Tenses
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage. Decide which tense each is in and match the tenses to what they describe.
a For many of us, it’s something we already have experienced.
b What will we be doing in ten years’ time
c He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
d ... the young Arthur Conan Doyle, born in Scotland in 1859, had originally worked as a doctor.
e ... Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical pratice in London.
f ... but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.
1. An action completed in the past before another past action.
2. An action or event taking place over a particular period in the future.
3. An action that happened in a period of time up to the present.
4. An action that started in the past and may still be going on or have just stopped.
5. An intended future action or event as seen from the past.
6. An on-going situation at or around a particular time in the past.
d
b
a
f
c
e
Now answer the questions.
1. What other tenses have you learnt Find examples in the reading passage.
①One moment, we are lying comfortably in bed, about to fall into a deep sleep. (Present Continuous)
②.... we find ourselves wondering or even worrying about possibly the most important issue of our life. (Present Simple)
③Although they shared the same ambitious and energetic approach to life, ... (Past Simple )
2. What do these tenses describe
①Present Continuous: to talk about actions happening now or around now; to be used for future arrangements.
②Present Simple: to be used for habits, permanent situations, and truth; to be used for the future for timetabled events, such as airplanes.
③Past Simple: to describe events in the past.
【语法讲解】
一般体
进行体
完成体
完成进行体
时态
一般现在时
一般过去时
一般将来时
过去将来时
现在进行时
过去进行时
将来进行时
现在完成时
过去完成时
现在完成
进行时
【语法讲解】
一般将来时 VS 过去将来时
【语法讲解】
一般将来时
构成：will / shall + 动词原形/be going to + 动词原形/be to + 动词原形/be about to + 动词原形
过去将来时
构成：should / would + 动词原形/ was / were going to + 动词原形/ was / were to + 动词原形/ was / were about to + 动词原形
【语法讲解】
一般将来时用法
will / shall + 动词原形
(1) 表示将要发生的动作或将来存在的状态，shall 一般用于第一人称，will 可用于各种人称，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。常见的有：
tomorrow 明天 in the future 将来 later on 后来
the day after tomorrow 后天 next week / month / year 下周/下个月/明年
(2) will 还可表示说话时临时作出的决定。
e.g. — Shall I order a taxi for Sarah to go to the airport tonight
— Don’t bother. I’ll drive her there.
【语法讲解】
be going to + 动词原形
表示按计划、打算要做某事；还可表示“预见”，即某种迹象预示着要发生某事。
e.g. Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.
无论是在家里还是在工作场所，未来的几年里社交机器人将会变得更加普遍。
be to + 动词原形
表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须做的事或即将发生的动作。
e.g. The highway is to be opened in May.
这条高速公路将在5月份开放。
You are to hand in your papers by 10 o’clock.
10点前你们得上交论文。
【语法讲解】
be about to + 动词原形
表示立即要发生的动作，常译作“即将……；马上就……”，通常不与具体的时间状语连用。
e.g. Work was about to start on a new factory building.
新厂房即将动工。
【语法讲解】
过去将来时用法
should / would + 动词原形
表示从过去某时看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. He said that the meeting would begin at half past nine this morning.
他说会议将在今天上午九点半开始。
was / were going to + 动词原形
表示准备、计划做某事，或将要发生某事。
e.g. I was told that he was going to return home. 有人告诉我他打算回家。
was / were to + 动词原形
表示曾计划做某事，如果计划的事情没有实现，要用不定式完成时。
e.g. She said she was to get married next month. 她说她计划下个月结婚。
was / were about to + 动词原形 表示“正要，即将”
e.g. The train was about to leave. 火车就要开了。
【牛刀小试】
1.They (have) a competition with us in studies tomorrow morning.
2.We (buy) some books and pencils this weekend.
3.He said he (go) to Beijing the next day.
4.I hoped Tina (come) to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
are going to have
would go
was coming
are going to buy
【语法讲解】
现在完成时 VS 过去完成时
【语法讲解】
现在完成时(have / has + 过去分词)
(1) 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能还会继续进行下去，常用的时间状语有：
since + 时间点/从句 for + 时间段
e.g. His first novel has received good reviews since it came out last month.
他的首部小说自上个月出版以来获得了许多好评。
He has taught Chinese for more than 20 years.
他教中文已有20多年了。
(2) 表示动作或过程发生在说话之前某个没有明确说出的过去时间，但现在已经完成，且其结果对现在仍有影响。常用的时间状语有：
lately 近来 recently 最近 so far 到目前为止 up to / till now 直到现在 by now 到现在 in the last / past few days / years 在过去的几天/几年里
e.g. So far, they have met with no success.
到目前为止，他们还没有成功过。
【语法讲解】
注意
瞬间动词可以用于现在完成时，但在肯定句中不能与表示 一段时间的状语连用。常用的瞬间动词有: go, come, arrive, leave, begin, borrow, buy, die, fall, stop, start, kill, close, join 等。
e.g.他已经参军三年了。
He joined the army three years ago.
He has been a soldier for three years.
He has been in the army for three years.
【语法讲解】
过去完成时(had + 过去分词)
(1) 表示在过去某一时间或过去某一事件之前已经发生并完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。
e.g. The film had begun when we got to the cinema yesterday.
昨天我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。
(2) 表示一个动作或状态从过去某一时间之前已经开始，一直持续到过去这一时刻， 并也可能继续下去。常用的时间状语有：
by the end of /by the time 等
e.g. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son had graduated from college.
杰克从英格兰回到家中时，他的儿子已大学毕业。
(3) intend, mean, hope, want, plan, suppose, expect, think等动词的过去完成时，可表示 过去未曾实现的愿望或想法等。
e.g. I had intended to call on you yesterday, but I had an unexpected visitor.
我本来打算昨天去看你的，但我这边来了一个不速之客。（实际上没去）
【牛刀小试】
1.The countryside (change) a lot in the past few years.
2.As soon as we got to the station, the train (leave).
3.There (be) too much rain in San Francisco this year.
4.By the end of last term, we (learn) 5000 new words.
has changed
had left
has been
had learned
【语法讲解】
现在进行时 VS 过去进行时
【语法讲解】
现在进行时(am / is / are + 现在分词)
(1) 表示说话时正在发生或进行的动作，或现阶段一直进行着的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。
e.g. The workers are building a garden these days.
工人们这些日子一直在修建一个花园。
(2) 一些非延续性动词可用现在进行时表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作，常见的这类动词有：
come 来 go 去 leave 离开 arrive 到达 begin 开始
start 开始 return 返回 move 移动 take 拿走
e.g. We are moving to a new house.
我们将要搬进一所新房子里。
【语法讲解】
过去进行时(was / were + 现在分词)
(1) 表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，或过去某一个阶段内一直在进行的动作，常用的时间状语有：
at this / that time + 过去时间 at ... o’clock + 过去时间
from ... to ... + 过去时间 those days 那些日子 just now 刚才；刚刚
e.g. Just now he was just messing around.
他刚才纯属捣乱。
(2) 表示一个过去的动作正在进行时，另一个过去的动作发生了，常与 when, while 引导的时间状语从句连用。
e.g. My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle yesterday.
我弟弟昨天骑自行车时从车上掉下来了。
【牛刀小试】
1.Look at the picture. The children (fly) kites in the park.
2.Linda's brother TV (watch) in his bedroom now.
3.We (have) supper when the phone rang.
4.When we (have) supper, the light went out.
are flying
is watching
were having
were having
【语法讲解】
将来进行时 VS 现在完成进行时
【语法讲解】
将来进行时(will / shall be + 现在分词)
表示将来某一时刻或某一段时间里正在进行的动作，常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。
e.g. I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I will be flying to Shanghai.
我太激动了！明天早上此时我将飞往上海。
【语法讲解】
现在完成进行时(have / has been + 现在分词)
表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚完成，也可能仍在进行。常用的时间状语有：
all day / month; this month / week / year; these days; recently / lately; in the past few + 时间段; since +时间点; for + 时间段等
e.g. Tom has been working in the library every night over the last three months.
在过去的三个月里汤姆每天晚上都在图书馆工作。
【牛刀小试】
1.This time next day they (sit) in the cinema.
2.After you take the medicine, you (feel) much better.
3.She (play) tennis since she was eight.
4.The Chinese (make) paper for two thousand years.
will be sitting
will be feeling
has been playing
have been making
2
Complete the blog with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
I woke at dawn again and already the birds 1 ___________ (sing). In the coming days, we 2 ________________ (paint) the toilet block that we had been building over the last two months.
I 3 _______________________________ (live) in this Cambodian village for two months. Despite the hard physical work,
I 4 ____________________________(not regret) for one moment choosing to spend my gap year as a volunteer for the Cambodia Foundation. It is wonderful to meet such friendly local people who are happy to share their lives with us.
were singing
would be painting
have been living / have lived
don’t regret / haven’t regretted
2
Complete the blog with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
I 5______ (feel) happy and free of worries. And of course,
I 6 __________________________ (become) fitter. This gap year has been a fantastic opportunity for my personal growth, and I surely
7 ______________ (continue) to learn about how other people live their lives after it ends.
feel
have become / am becoming
will continue
3
Work in pairs. Read the profile and talk about David’s life using different tenses where appropriate.
David Mason
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Date of Birth 20 June 2001
Nationality British
EDUCATION
2007-2013 Carson Primary School
2013-2019 Wildwood High School
3
Work in pairs. Read the profile and talk about David’s life using different tenses where appropriate.
David Mason
EXTRACURRICULAR EXPERIENCE
Sept 2017 first prize for school science project
Apr-Oct 2018 exchange programme in China
Jul 2019-present gap year in Cambodia
FUTURE PLANS
undergraduate study at Newcastle University
chemical engineer after graduation
voluntary work to help people in need
Examples:
David Mason was born on 20 June in 2001.
He studied in Carson Primary School from 2007 to 2013.
He is going to do voluntary work to help people in need.
......
4
Work in pairs. Interview each other about your past experience and future plans. Share them with the class using different tenses where appropriate.
1. Review the usage of tenses and do the relevant exercises.
2. Make up an interview using the words and expressions you’ve learnt today.(共38张PPT)
Unit 1
Period 4
Reading
新 课 导 入
1
Read the short introduction to Robert Frost and answer the questions.
Robert Frost (1874 -1963) was one of America’s most famous poets. He won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry four times and was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal for his works. His poetry has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the rural areas of New England where Frost lived most of his life, and for his colloquial approach to American language. His poetry generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember. He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes. Among Frost’s best-known poems are The Road Not Taken, Fire and Ice, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening and Birches.
Now answer the questions:
1. What are the special features of Frost’s poetry
There are four special features of Frost’s poetry: first, it has been praised for its natural themes, mostly set in the rural areas of New England; second, it has been praised for his colloquial approach to American language; third, it generally has a regular rhythm and rhyme, and is easy to read aloud and remember; and finally, he often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes.
2. Have you read any poems written by Robert Frost Share one with the class.
The Pasture
I’m going out to clean the pasture spring;
I’ll only stop to rake the leaves away
(And wait to watch the water clear, I may),
I shan’t be gone long. — You come too.
I’m going out to fetch the little calf
That’s standing by the mother. It’s so young
It totters when she licks it with her tongue.
I shan’t be gone long. — You come too.
课 堂 学 习
2
Read the passage and find out what it is about.
The Road Not Taken
黄色的树林里分出两条路，
可惜我不能同时去涉足，
我在那路口久久伫立，
我向着一条路极目望去，
直到它消失在丛林深处。
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,
And sorry I could not travel both
And be one traveler, long I stood
And looked down one as far as I could
To where it bent in the undergrowth;
Then took the other, as just as fair,
And having perhaps the better claim,
Because it was grassy and wanted wear;
Though as for that the passing there
Had worn them really about the same,
但我却选择了另外一条路
它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂
显得更诱人，更美丽
虽然在这条小路上
很少留下旅人的足迹
And both that morning equally lay
In leaves no step had trodden black.
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
Yet knowing how way leads on to way,
I doubted if I should ever come back.
那天清晨落叶满地
两条路都未经脚印污染
呵，留下一条路等改日再见
但我知道路径延绵无尽头
恐怕我难以再回返
I shall be telling this with a sign
Somewhere ages and ages hence:
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the difference.
也许多年后在某个地方
我将轻声叹息将往事回顾：
一片树林里分出两条路——
而我选择了人迹更少的一条，
从此决定了我一生的道路。
Questions:
1. What are the rhyming words in this poem
The rhyming words in this poem are: wood, stood, could; both, undergrowth; fair, wear, there; claim, same; lay, day, way; black, back; sigh, I, by; hence, difference.
2. What effect do they have
Rhyming words may make it easier to read and recite the poem, because they make the rhythm of the poem fairly obvious.
1 Lines from the poem The Road Not Taken are often quoted in speeches of all kinds. The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials. It has in fact become one of the most famous American poems of all time, not only because of its natural style, but also because of its thoughtful insights into human nature.
2 When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside. Paths in the woods are often used to symbolize how our lives progress and change. The lines“Two roads diverged a yellow wood, /And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis. These range from the basic“What should I wear today ” to the key issues of what subiect to study a university or what job to do after graduation. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
3 Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they leads to specific consequences. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back. Although the writer of the poem considers taking the other path another day, he knows it’s unlikely that he will ever have the opportunity to do so. Like the writer, all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh” and imagine what could have been.
4 This sigh, this wondering whether we made the right choice, is understandable. Although we may be free to choose which path to take, this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar. Presented with two job offers, for instance, we may wonder exactly what it is we’re choosing between. What if, in choosing one, we are unknowingly turning down other future opportunities Will we ever even find out whether we made the right choice
5 Ultimately. the road ahead-the road through our lives-is a mixture of choice and chance. And when we are approaching the end of that road, how will we remember the journey How will we look back on our lives In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”, he may claim that he took the“less traveled”road. Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow. It can also lead to new adventures and experiences. Nonetheless, part of the art of decision-making is learning to make the most of our decisions. Instead of looking back with regret, we should be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
Read the passage and find out what it is about.
The passage is divided into two parts: the poem The Road Not Taken written by Robert Frost and the introduction, explanation or interpretation of the poem.
Fast reading
3
Complete the table with information from the passage.
Summary of the poem
A traveller in the wood comes to a fork in the road and he feels sorry for 1 . After close observation, he decides to choose the one which 2 , though 3 .
being unable to take both roads
is grassy and wants wear
the passing there has worn the two roads really about the same
Fast reading
Summary of the poem
4 __________________________ some day, but he doubts
5 _______________________________. He imagines that, many years in the future, he will tell this story with a sigh, saying that his choice has 6__________________________.
he will take the first road
if he should ever come back
made all the difference
Appreciation and interpretation
It is one of the most famous American poems of all time.
The diverged roads in the poem symbolise
7 .
Once we have taken a road, we might wonder
8 . Instead of looking back with regret, we should
9_______________________________________________________________________ .
how our lives progress and change
whether we made the right choice
be facing our future with energy and optimism, for the choices are ours only
Intensive reading
Study the structure of the passage.
The popularity of the poem
The appreciation and interpretation of the poem
How should we face our future
Para. __
Para.
Para. __
It has in fact become one of ______________________________ of all time.
Life ___________________________________________
Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, ____________________.
Instead of looking back with regret, we should be ________________________________________, for the choices are ours, and ours only.
the most famous American poems
throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis
there is no going back
facing our future with energy and optimism
1
2-4
5
Learning to learn
Symbolism is the use of an object to represent an abstract idea. For example, the rose could represent love and affection, and the rainbow could symbolise hope. It allows the poet to express a certain mood or emotion in a more subtle way, as opposed to stating it directly.
love and affection
hope
Read the “Learning to learn” to find out what symbolism is and find more examples in this poem.
Symbols of the poem
Paths in the wood
How our lives progress and change.
The choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make .
“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, and sorry I could not travel both.”
The greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice result in doing the right thing.
symbolize
Think Share
1. Why do you think the writer looks back on his decision “with a sigh”
The man looks back on his decision “with a sigh”, because he was wondering whether he had made the right decision.
2. What are the rhyming words in this poem What effect do they have
The rhyming words in this poem are: wood, stood, could; both, undergrowth; fair, wear, there; claim, same; lay, day, way; black, back; sigh, I, by; hence, difference. Rhyming words may make it easier to read and recite the poem, because they make the rhythm of the poem fairly obvious.
3. What is the most difficult choice you have ever had to make
What did you choose to do
One possible answer:
Once I had to make a difficult decision between lying to my mother to avoid being punished and telling the truth.
I chose to tell the truth because I’d like to be an honest person.
4. What effect will the poem have on you when you face decisions in the future Give your reasons.
One possible answer:
From the poem I know, whatever decisions I have made, I should make the most of the decision and be optimistic about the future rather than look back with regret.
5. In what different ways do the two reading passages in this unit improve your understanding of the choices you make and how they impact your future
One possible answer:
The first reading passage tells us that there are various possibilities for future development. And the second reading passage encourages us to face our future with energy and optimism instead of regret.
Work in groups. Read another interpretation of the poem on page 10 and prepare a report comparing it with the one in the passage.
4
The Road Not Taken is one of America’s best-loved poems, and I think it is a pity that it is generally misunderstood as a call for facing the future without regret. To me, it is really about accepting the consequences of our choices many years in the future, when it is too late to change them. The two roads in the wood were “really about the same”, SO the cause of any indecision is a fear of regret. It is, however, acceptable to feel regretful, because it serves as a reminder to live life to the full.
1 Discuss the two interpretations from the following aspects.
Do further research if necessary.
What points do the two interpretations share
The two interpretations share the following points: the poem The Road Not Taken is one of America’s most famous or best-loved poems, and it is about choice.
What are the major differences between the two interpretations
The major differences between the two interpretations are: the one in the passage interprets the poem as a call for facing the future without regret, while the second interpretation (Robert’s) maintains that the poem is really about accepting the consequences of our choices many years in the future, when it is too late to change them.
Which interpretation seems more convincing to you Why
Can you think of yet another interpretation of the poem
2 Prepare your report, including your under-standing of the poem.
3 Share your report with the class.
Now talk about how well your group completed the report and how other’s opinions have helped you better understand the poem.
Language points
1. I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.
我选择了人迹较少的那一条, 从此, 它为我带来了全新的人生轨迹。
make all the difference关系重大，大不相同
e.g. A few kind words at the right time make all the difference.
在适当的时候说几句体贴话效果迥然不同。
【词汇拓展】
make a/the difference 有作用，有影响
make a big/a geat deal of/a lot of difference (to) (对……)有很大影响
make no/some difference (to) (对……)没有/有些影响
It makes no difference to sb. whether...or not... 是否……对某人没有影响
2. The poem has been set to music by a number of artists and used in numerous television commercials.
许多艺术家为这首诗谱了曲，它还被运用于大量的电视广告之中。
set to music 谱曲
a number of+可数名词复数 许多；大量
e.g. His lecture ranged over a number of topics.
他的讲座涉及许多话题。
a number of / the number of 辨析
a number of 意为“许多、大量”， 后加可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
the number of 意为“......的数量”， 后加可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
3. When reading The Road Not Taken, one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a peaceful wood deep within the countryside.
阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。
cannot help but do sth. 情不自禁做某事
e.g. He is such an unselfish man. You cannot help but respect him.
他是这样一个无私的人。你不得不尊敬他。
4. He often used simple settings in his poems to explore complex personal and social themes.
complex adj.复杂的
【词汇拓展】
complexity n. 复杂性
a complex problem / subject 复杂难懂的问题/科目
a complex system of highways 复杂的公路网
the complex structure of the human brain 错综复杂的人脑构造
e.g. The world is more complex than it seems.
世界比看起来更加复杂。
5. The lines “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, /And sorry I could not travel both” give us a visual representation of the choices that we face and the decisions that we need to make.
“金黄色林中两条路各奔一方，可惜我无法兼顾”这两句话生动地展现了我们面临的选择以及需要做出的决定。
【句型分析】that we face定语从句修饰choices；that we need to make定语从句修饰decisions。
6. Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.
生活每天都会向我们抛出许多选择。
(1) alternative
n. 可供选择的事物 adj.(仅用于名词前)供选择的；选择性的；可供替代的。
【词汇拓展】
have no alternative but to do sth. ＝have no choice but to do sth.
除了做某事之外别无选择
alternative energy 替代能源 alternative ways/methods 可供选择的方法
e.g. I had no alternative but to report him to the police.
除了向警方举报他，我别无选择。
(2) on a daily basis 每天
e.g. On a daily basis she reminded me that life goes on.
她每天都提醒我，生活还要继续。
7. Of course, the greatest dilemmas arise from moral problems, when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing.
当然，最大的困境往往源于道德问题，因为我们不确定哪个选择才是正确的。
(1) arise v．(由……)引起；出现，发生
arise from / out of 因……引起(＝result from)
e.g. As we all know, most car accidents arise out of carelessness.
＝As we all know, most car accidents arise/result from carelessness.
众所周知，大部分交通事故是由粗心大意引起的。
(2) result in 导致，造成
【词汇拓展】
result from 起因于……
e.g. Hard work results in success. 努力终会成功。
＝Success results from hard work. 成功来自努力。
8. Whether big or small, what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.
无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。
(1) 本句是一个含有三个不同从句的复合句，第一个是由whether引导的状语从句(同时还是一个省略句：省略了主语和谓语)，第二个是由what引导的主语从句，第三个是由that引导的表语从句。
(2) have...in common 意为“有相同的······”。
e.g. Close friends usually have lots in common.
亲密的朋友通常有很多相同之处。
9. Once we make a decision, in most circumstances, there is no going back.
在大多数情况下，一旦我们做了选择，就没有退路。
(1) make a decision 做决定
(2) in most circumstances 大多数情况下
10. What if, in choosing one, we are unkowingly turning down other future opportunities
如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办？
(1) What if... “如果······会怎么样”
通常用于提出建议，主句省略了主干成分，保留疑问词What+if引导的条件状语从句。
e.g. What if the train is late
要是火车晚点了怎么办？
(2) turn down 减小，关小，调低；拒绝
e.g. Why did she turn down your invitation
她为什么谢绝你的邀请？
【词汇拓展】
turn up 出现；发生；开大；发现；turn on 打开；发动
turn off 关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转变方向
turn out 以某种方式）发生；最后是，结果是；
11. How will we look back on our lives
我们会如何回顾自己的一生？
look back on sth 回顾某事
e.g. Such a rich chapter it had been, when one came to look back on it all!
当一个人回顾这一切的时候，他会发现这是多么丰富多彩的一章啊！
12. In the poem, the writer doubts his choice, thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”, he may claim that he took the “less traveled” road.
在这首诗中，作者质疑了自己的选择，在“多年之后”的未来，他可能会承认自己选择了一条“人迹较少”的路。
【句型分析】thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”分词短语作时间状语；he took the “less traveled” road宾语从句
13. Some of us do take a more unusual path through life, and while it may be a harder one to follow, it can also lead to new adventures and experiences. 生活中确实会有一些人选择不寻常的道路，虽然路途更加艰难，但也会带来新的奇遇和经历。
(1) take a ...path 走了一条……的路
(2) lead to 导致
(3) do在句中起强调作用
(4) while在句中意为“虽然、尽管”，表让步，多放在句首。
e.g. While I am willing to help, I do not have much time available.
尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有太多时间。
1. Search the Internet to find and read more poems written by Robert Frost.
2. Write down your interpretation of the poem and share with the class.
