Section CDiscovering and Useful Structure教材知识点梳理与自测
词块梳理与背诵（英汉互译）
①(tire)visitors 疲惫的参观者
②a well-organised trip
③ beautifully(dress)stars穿着漂亮的明星
④ have our car(park)把我们的车停好
⑤ get our car battery(charge)给我们的汽车电池充电
⑥hear it(announce)听到它被宣布
⑦ find ourselves(surprise)发现我们自己很惊讶
⑧ have her eyes( fix )on...她的眼睛盯着……
⑨ have sth.(box)把……用盒包好
⑩the number of visitors
theofnoise 噪音量
large/small amount of.. 大量的/少量的……(作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式) at the ( enter ) of the National Gallery在国家美术馆的人口处
the painting 接近那幅画
that... 确保……
beautiful natural美丽的自然景观
16.a family一个慷慨的家庭
某人做某事真是慷慨
homemade bread with butter and加黄油和蜂蜜的自制面包
the family's这家人的祖先
attend照料;注意
20.被……吸引
21. watch the lake俯瞰湖面
22. cameras (position )on the hill 安置在小山上的照相机
II.构词法梳理与背诵
派生法构词
①v.宣布;通知;声称→ n.公告,布告,通告;(指行动)宣布,宣告
② sure adj. 肯定的;有把握的→保证;确保;担保
③ adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的→n.慷慨;大方;宽宏大量
转化法构词
①n.收费;指控;主管v.收费;控告;充电
②n.方法;途径;接近→vt.接近;接洽;着手处理v靠近
③ n.黄油;奶油→v.涂黄油于
④n.位置;姿态;职位→vt.安装;安置
答案:I.①tired ② 一次组织良好的旅行③ dressed ④ parked ⑤ charged⑥announced⑦ surprised ⑧ fixed ⑨ boxed ⑩游客数量 amount;a entrance approach ensure landscape 16. generous; It is generous of sb. to do sth. honey ancestors to 20. be attractedby 21. over 22. positioned
II. ① announce; announcement ② ensure③ generous; generosity
①charge ② approach ③ butter ④positionUnit 4 History and Traditions
必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The shop ________ (收费) less if the customers pay in cash.
2．Although he was poor, he was quite ________ (慷慨的) to his needy friends.
3．Who will take part in the physics contest will be ________ (宣布) at tomorrow's meeting.
4．People should decrease the ________ (数量)of fat they eat.
5．In order to ________ (保证) success we must have a complete and thorough plan.
6．We walk in the woods and fields that are typical features of the English ________ (风景)．
7．The show will be held in the art ________ (展览馆) next week.
8．Please add some ________ (黄油) to the bread.
9．Oil prices have ________ (接近) their highest level for almost ten years.
10．Mix the eggs, flour and ________ (蜂蜜) together.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The students like reading stories ________ (write) by the famous writer.
2．Many ________ (use) computers will be sold in this market.
3．Tsinghua University, ________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4．Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ (lose) for words.
5．With the couple ________ (work) in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of the time.
6．In the job interviews, some applicants often find themselves ________ (ask) unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.
7．I don't want my children ________ (take) out in such weather.
8．Helen had to shout to make herself ________ (hear) above the sound of the music.
9．Can you have the washing machine ________ (send) to my house
10．Most colleges now offer first year students a course specially ________ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
11．The house ________ (build) last year belongs to me.
12．The volunteers ________ (choose) from the school will go to the flooded area.
13．He lay on the grass, with his eyes ________ (fix) on the sky.
14．I must have my watch ________ (repair) for it doesn't work.
15．Please keep the door ________ (close). It's so cold outside.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．通过电脑购买的商品的价格要比商店里的商品的价格低。
Prices of goods ____________________________ can be lower than store prices.
2．受伤的士兵们已经被送往医院。
____________________ have been sent to the hospital.
3．如果可能的话，你应该检查一下身体。
You should ________________________ if possible.
4．我希望把这个房间刷成粉色。
I hope to ________________________ pink.
5．他突然发现被那个女人骗了。
He suddenly found himself ________ by the woman.
关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses. People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours. However, they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other. We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages.
Some legends hold that, thousands of years ago, there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth. It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this,_of course.
Today, there are thousands of languages spoken around the world. Yet, there are some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings. For example, some people believe music is a universal language. There may be some scientific support for this idea, too. Experts have learnt that, across cultures, people can recognise three common emotions in music：happiness, sadness and fear.
So what other types of universal languages might there be Some people believe dance is a universal language. Along with music, dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world. Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it We bet you could!
Another universal language that you might not have thought of is maths! If you think about it now, though, it just makes sense. The value of pi is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth. Likewise, figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations, regardless of whether you're counting in dollars, pesos or coconuts.
1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to
A．The view that people only used one language.
B．The fact that there used to be many languages.
C．The evidence that proves old languages funny.
D．The doubt that people didn't understand each other.
2．Why is music regarded as a universal language
A．It can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.
B．It can be understood more easily than languages.
C．It usually comes from different backgrounds.
D．It helps people to share common feelings.
3．What are the universal languages according to the passage
A．Maths, English and music.
B．Music, dance and maths.
C．History, culture and music.
D．Emotion, pi and music.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Various Differences in Different Cultures
B．Music Helps People Show Feelings
C．Universal Languages Connect Different Cultures
D．Cross cultural Communication History
B
Mary Anning was an English fossil (化石) collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossil hunting helped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙)．
Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary's death. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
5．Why did Mary's father take his children along the beach
A．To enjoy life.
B．To make a living.
C．To look for fossils.
D．To teach them about fossils.
6．What can we learn about Mary
A．Her father was a paleontologist.
B．Her father educated her at home.
C．She had nine brothers and sisters in all.
D．She might be popular at that time.
7．Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil
A．Charles Darwin. B．Mary's dog.
C．Joseph. D．Mary.
8．What does the underlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph mean
A．Break. B．Shake.
C．Float. D．Dive.
Ⅱ.七选五
One of the most popular places to see in London is the Tower of London. The building has stood there since its construction in 1078 by order of William the Conqueror. __1__ After the Normans had conquered England, the Tower of London became a symbol of that oppression.
Although most people think of the beheadings (斩首) there, the tower was actually used on joyful occasions as well. __2__ Then they would travel from the tower to Westminster Abbey where they were crowned.
__3__ It was usually a place for prisoners who were from royalty or who were politically important. Sir Thomas Moore was one of the most famous prisoners. He was sent to the tower after publicly disagreeing with King Henry Ⅷ over his marriage to Anne Boleyn. Executions (死刑) were held on the Tower Green and a total of 112 prisoners were executed there during the tower's use as a prison.
Some of the most famous residents of the tower are not even human. __4__ The ravens living at the tower are connected to a popular legend. It is said that if the ravens leave the tower, the tower will fall and the King's rule will come to an end. __5__
Nowadays, the Tower of London is such a great place that it attracts visitors from all over the world.
A．Before being crowned, Kings would stay overnight at the tower.
B．The Tower of London has played a prominent role in English history.
C．The tower gained attention due to some of the prisoners that were kept there.
D．The tower is located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London.
E．Therefore, the ravens' wings are usually cut short so that they cannot fly away.
F．A group of common ravens (乌鸦) have lived at the tower for hundreds of years.
G．In its early days, the tower was used as a royal residence and was called the White Tower.
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Laba Festival which is celebrated on the eighth day of the 1.________ (twelve) month of the Chinese lunar calendar is a traditional Chinese holiday. “La” is the name of the month and “ba” has the same 2.________ (pronounce) as that of 8 in Chinese.
There are several 3.________ (story) about the origin of this festival and it's difficult for us to tell which one is true. But today what we do know 4.________ (be) that this festival began as a way to honour ancestors. It was also 5.________ time for the ancient Chinese to pray for a good harvest.
The majority of Chinese have long followed the tradition of 6.________ (eat) Laba porridge during the Laba Festival. 7.________ general, the porridge contains eight ingredients, including some beans and rice. 8.________ (traditional), Laba porridge is the most important part of the festival. Also, it is important that family members eat the porridge together.
9．________ custom is soaking Laba garlic (蒜), 10.________ is the best seasoning for the dumpling feast at the Spring Festival.
课时作业(三) Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．charges 2.generous 3.announced 4.amount 5.ensure
6．landscape 7.gallery 8.butter 9.approached 10.honey
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．written 2.used 3.founded 4.lost 5.working 6.asked
7．taken 8.heard 9.sent 10.designed 11.built 12.chosen
13．fixed 14.repaired 15.closed
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．bought through the computer 2.The wounded soldiers
3．have your body checked 4.have the room painted 5.cheated
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。其他文化可能在很多方面与我们的不同，但是在连接彼此的方式上也可能是相似的。我们有时称这些沟通方式为通用语言。文章主要介绍了什么是通用语言。
1．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句句意“虽然历史证据并不支持这一点，但是想想，有那么一个时代，每个人都能用同一种语言进行交流，是很有趣的”可知，this指的是“每个人都能用同一种语言进行交流”。故选A项。
2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的Experts have learnt that, across cultures, people can recognise three common emotions in music：happiness, sadness and fear. 可知，人们认为音乐是一种通用的语言，是因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故选D项。
3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的For example, some people believe music is a universal language.及第四段中的Some people believe dance is a universal language.和第五段中的Another universal language that you might not have thought of is maths！可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故选B项。
4．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是通用语言，因此C项“通用语言连接不同的文化”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。
B
【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文，讲述了Mary Anning的生平事迹。Mary是英国化石收藏家、经销商和古生物学家，她的化石搜寻帮助改变了人们思考世界的方式。
5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据第二段首句Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21,1799.和第五、六句Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.可知，Mary家境贫寒，父亲带着孩子们沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客，以维持生计。
6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。根据第四段首句Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil hunting.和第五段前三句Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.以及第五句Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells.等可知，自从发现了鱼龙化石，Mary就迷上了化石，有钱的朋友帮她卖化石，科学家们写信并来看她，她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳，因此推断那时候她很受欢迎。
7．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。根据第三段首句In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.可知，Joseph首先看到了鱼龙化石。
8．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。根据第四段第二、三、四句She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.可知，她喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石，因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂，从而使发现化石更容易。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。伦敦塔历史悠久，在这漫长的历史长河中，它曾经是帝王的宫殿，也曾作为监狱使用过。
1．答案与解析：G 根据下文的“After the Normans had conquered England...”可知，所填的句子介绍的是伦敦塔的初期，G项符合语境。
2．答案与解析：A 根据下文的“Then they would travel from the tower to Westminster Abbey where they were crowned.”可知，A项“在加冕前，国王通常在塔里过夜”符合语境。
3．答案与解析：C 本段中提到曾关押在塔里的一些贵族和政要囚犯。由此可知，C项“由于一些囚犯被关在那里，这座塔受到了人们的关注”可作为本段的主题句。
4．答案与解析：F 前面提到“塔中的一些居民不是人”，F项提到乌鸦，是对上文内容的解释说明。
5．答案与解析：E 根据空格前的“据说如果乌鸦离开塔，塔就会倒塌，国王的统治就会结束”可知，E项“因此，乌鸦的翅膀通常会被剪短，这样它们就不能飞走了”符合语境。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的传统节日——腊八节。
1．答案与解析：twelfth 考查数词。这里是指第十二个月，且前面有the，所以应用序数词。故填twelfth。
2．答案与解析：pronunciation 考查词性转换。在the same后作has的宾语，应用名词。故填pronunciation。
3．答案与解析：stories 考查名词单复数。story是可数名词，前有several修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填stories。
4．答案与解析：is 考查主谓一致。be在此是谓语动词，主语是主语从句what we do know，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is。
5．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。句意为：这也是中国古人祈求丰收的一个时间。此处泛指一个时间，其前应用不定冠词。故填a。
6．答案与解析：eating 考查非谓语动词。设空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。故填eating。
7．答案与解析：In 考查固定搭配。in general为固定搭配，意为“总的来讲”。故填In。
8．答案与解析：Traditionally 考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词作状语。故填Traditionally。
9．答案与解析：Another 考查代词。这里是说，腊八节的另外一个传统是泡腊八蒜。故填Another。
10．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句关系词。________ is the best seasoning for the dumpling feast at the Spring Festival是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Laba garlic，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures
教 学目 标 By the end of this section, students will be able to: 1. identify and discuss the structure and the functions of the past participle; 2. grasp the forms and functions of the past participle as the attribute and the object complement; 3. use the past participle as the attribute and the object complement to complete related exercises.
教 学 主 题 本板块的活动主题为“表达情感和描述情景”（Express your feelings and describe situations）。学生通过观察、分析与归纳总结，掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法，并运用这一结构表达情感及描述情景。
教 学 重 点 引导学生识别过去分词的结构和功能； 引导学生掌握过去分词作定语的位置和功能； 引导学生了解过去分词作宾语补足语的情况。
教 学难 点 引导学生能够正确地运用过去分词作定语和宾语补足语完成相关练习。
教 学 内 容 与 过 程 Lead-in 通过呈现问题引导学生复习读思板块的课文，导入本节课的目标语法。 How do most people call the UK What are the flags of these four countries What did the Norman do after they conquered England Step 1 Presentation 引导学生观察P42活动1中的三个句子，讨论句子中过去分词的用法。 引导学生完成P42活动2，观察左右两栏中过去分词作定语在位置上的不同，并用所给的分词短语造句。 引导学生完成P42活动3，画出句子中作宾语补足语的过去分词以及过去分词短语，体会过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。 老师结合学生的总结带领学生系统地梳理过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。 Step 2 Practice 引导学生完成P80-81Workbook活动1-6，加深对过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的理解。 Step 3 Production 引导学生完成P42活动4，把定语从句改成含有过去分词短语的句子，并根据所给句子的内容写一个小故事。注意在写作中尽可能地运用过去分词作定语的结构，可以适当增加细节，使行文生动。 Step 4 Homework Summarize the usage ofthe past participle as the attributeand the object complement. Write a short essay to describe your unforgettable travel experiences. Pay attention to using structures of the past participle as the attributeand the object complement. 备注U4History and traditions
Discovering useful structures
【学习目标】
To learn past participle used as attribute
To learn past participle used as object complement
To put them into use correctly
一【学习过程】
Step 1: 自主学习
任务一：根据PPT完成下列句子。
1.I can see someleaves, a piece of window and somepolicemen.
2.Charlies Manson killed 35 people, as the most dangerous man in America, andin 1971.
3.However, a lot of young people consider him as a true hero. Some young people had their hairlike him. His cruel behavior even had so many people .
Step2:【合作探究】
Part1
I can see some fallen leaves
a piece of broken window and
some equipped policemen.
Q1.What is the form of the past participles
A1.
Q2. What is the relationship between the past participles and the nouns
A2。
Q3. What is the position of the past participles
A3.
Q4. What is the function of the past participles
A4.
Part2
1a well-organised trip 2.a state-owned company
3.hand-made gifts 4.heart-felt thanks
Q1.What is the form of the past participles
A1.
Q2. What is the relationship between the past participles and the nouns
A2。
Q3. What is the position of the past participles
A3.
Q4. What is the function of the past participles
A4.
Part3
1.visitors tired of the long wait
2.a trip organized well by my father
3.stars dressed beautifully at the event
4.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, ...
Q1.What is the form of the past participles
A1.
Q2. What is the relationship between the past participles and the nouns
A2。
Q3. What is the position of the past participles
A3.
Q4. What is the function of the past participles
A4.
Discovery 过去分词作______
过去分词可用来修饰_______(动词/名词)，作______(表语/定语/宾补)，一般单个单词放所修饰词_____，分词短语放在所修饰词______，表__________(及物动词) 或完成（不及物动词）。
Tip 1：
及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。
The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.
Tip 2:
不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。
Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
许多小孩子喜欢在庭院里收集落叶。
Tip 3过去分词（done）、现在分词的被动形式（being done)和不定式的被动形式（to be done)做定语的区别
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的那栋楼是我们的教学楼。
形式 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
过去分词做定语和定语从句之间的关系
过去分词做定语定语从句
All dresses which were borrowed from the shop should be returned by Monday.
→ All dresses borrowed from the shop should be returned by Monday.
Shanghai, which located in the east of China, is famous for its advanced economy.
→_________, _________________________ is famous for its advanced economy.
找出下列句子中的宾语。 2.思考宾语和过去分词之间的关系？
We saw the store robbed by two men.
The angry couple are trying to make themselves heard.
They had castles built all around England
过去分词用在“with/without+宾语+宾补”这一结构中, 过去分词与宾语之间是_____关系。这一结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
With all the homework finished, I had a rest.
They left without a dish touched.
即时演练
1. I have read plenty of books ______ (write)by Lu Xun.
2. They had beef and ________(smoke)fish for supper.
3. China is a __________country while the USA is a ________ country .(develop)
4. She asked if there was anything _______(leave).
Practice
1 Read the sentences and match.
The new product finally passed the required test.
It is a house built by the Romans.
He got his tooth pulled out yesterday.
Unfortunately he had his leg broken yesterday.
as the attribute:______________________
as the object complement: _____________________
4 单句语法填空
1. The books ________ (buy) yesterday are of high quality.
2. He found his hometown greatly ________ (change).
3. The computer center, ________ (open) last year, is very popular among the students.
4. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ________ (fix).
5. They reduced the number of animals ________ (use) in experiments.
6. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it ________ (explain) often enough.U4 The Internet - Listening and Speaking
●Learning objectives(学习目标)
1.Know new words and phrases: Confucius. Mansion. Cemetery. Descendant individual heel puzzle.
2.Develop your ability of guessing new words by definition(定义、解释).
3.have a better understanding about Confucius and Confucius’ story.
● Learning process
Part A Listening and Speaking
Task1Q1: Translate the following words and phrases(词块复习)
(
孔子
______________
公馆
___________
墓地
____________
哲学
___________
哲学家
___________
后代
___________
单独的
____________
致命弱点
___________
chief ___________
puzzle_______________
Great thinker
_______________
hometown
_______________
Convenient ___________ family tree____________
)
Q2:Recite the following sentences.
Confucius is one of the greatest philosophers. He was a wise man.And he said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.
Confucius has a great influence on Chinese culture and traditions.
Task2Q1: Listen and complete the table.
William: Excuse me, do you speak English I’m the
_________________, but I’m not maps—They’re my Achilles' heel !
Xiao Kong: Oh, hello, e with me — I’m going to thetemple . , what does “Achilles’ heel” mean
W: Oh, it means that something is my _________ — I’m reallybad with maps! So do you know much about Confucius He’s one of my favourite_____________. He was such a_____ man.
X: Oh, yes. I was born here. In fact, I believe I am a _________ of Confucius himself.
W: No way, you’ re pulling my leg, right So how do you know you’re __________ Confucius Didn’t he live over _______ years ago
X: Yes, but his is well recoded. He has over
____________ descendants. Sorry again, what does “pulling my leg” mean
W: Oh, sorry, it means to ________ someone. Anyway, so you’re actually going to the temple to _____________ your relative
X: Well, yes. But I’m also meeting my __________ there. We are doing a project on Confucius’ ideas on ________. You know, Confucius was a great _________, and he had manyabout education. ,he talked about the __________ between _________ andreflecting. He believed that learning without reflecting leads to _________. Oh, look, the temple is just over there.
W: Oh, great! What’s that big building over there
X: Oh, that’s the famous Dacheng Hall. You know, it’s so_____________ in Qufu that no other building in the city can be taller than it.
W: Wow, now that’s respect. That’s a little bit like my
— Stratford-upon-Avon.
X: Wait, you mean where Shakespeare was from What a coincidence— Confucius and Shakespeare, two of_______________ in history! I really want to visit theUK — I’m really interested in _____________________.
W: Oh, that’s great! So later we can go for a cup of tea and____________about it. And it would be if you could
take me somewhere to get my watch fixed.
X: OK, no problem! So come andmy study group—we
can tell you all about the temple. And how long are you
staying in Qufu I can you the Cemetery of
Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as well.
W: Really That’s so kind! I need all the help I can get—I’m
like a fish out of water.Unit4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
课时教学设计
课题 Period 1 Opening page + Listening and speaking
1.教学内容分析（分析本课时教学内容在单元中的位置，包括学习内容对发展学生核心素养的功能价值，蕴含的正确价值观念等） 本课时教学内容在单元中的第一课时。该部分的活动的主题是“分享交流对历史遗迹的看法”(Share views on historic sites)。通过课前视频引入有关孔子这个重要的历史人物介绍，然后切入听一段中外学生在去孔庙路上的对话，了解他们对孔庙、孔子、孔子后裔及孔子教育思想的看法，从而体会、思考孔子及其思想对中国历史传统的深远影响。同时，对话中自然融入了英语习语并提及了英国剧作家莎士比亚，为学生了解英语习语及其相关的文化典故知识，以及进行中外文化比较提供语料和语境，有助于学生感悟历史、传统、文化、习俗等对语言理解和表达的重要影响。既体现了语言、文化、历史、传统的有机结合，又反映出中英两国对历史传统的尊重与保护，同时也为后面Reading and Thinking板块的英国内容进行预热和铺垫。文本从外国游客的视角，描写他们对于孔子这位对中国历史与文化传统产生深刻影响的伟大人物的好奇、仰慕和喜爱，并由孔子后人Xiao Kong来介绍有关孔子后裔及其教育思想等方面的情况，语境创设真实，容易引起学生的兴趣和共鸣。
2.学情分析（分析学生与本课时学习相关的学习经验、知识储备、学科能力水平、学生兴趣与发展需求、发展路径等） 由于学生对孔子这个著名的历史人物有一定的了解，教师可以通过短视频介绍，谈谈学生的体会和思考孔子及其思想对中国历史传统的深远影响。同时通过图片介绍曲阜“三孔”--孔府、孔庙、孔林，以激活学生有关孔子及其思想、历史遗迹的背景知识和生活体验。另外中国学生对于英语习语的意思和文化内涵，以及相关典故和背景知识是相对困难的，老师课后可以给学生提供一些常用的英语习语,如Cat nap打瞌睡等，或者布置学生上网等渠道搜索一些英语习语和习语故事的作业，让学生在阅读、写作、跨文化交际能力的提高和激发学生学习兴趣中起一定的作用。
3.目标确定（根据课程标准和学生实际，指向学科核心内容、学科核心素养，描述学生经历学习过程后，应达成的具体学习目标） 经过本节的学习，学生能通过短视频引入相关背景及语言知识的准备;设计表格和判断问题练习要求学生能从整体上抓住主要线索、梳理并概括关键信息，也要求他们能够准确把握重要细节;培养学生在听力中猜词的能力，要求学生掌握相关听力策略、关注习语的文化内涵，并对相关信息进行联想和类比;最后讨论要求学生结合生活体验，通过举例和综合分析，简要探讨和表述孔子的教育哲学思想及文化古迹的重要历史价值。
4.学习重点难点（确定重点和难点的原因分析、突破策略） 本节课的学习重难点有以下几点：老师设计不同类型的练习引导学生从整体和关键细节的角度理解听力课文的内容;让学生意识到习语在英语学习和文化理解中的重要性，引导学生通过上下文猜测习语的意思，并养成在日常学习中积累习语知识的习惯;设计角色扮演活动引导学生如何表达自己的兴奋、惊讶和失望；能够使学生通过联想、类比和分析，比较深入地理解孔子及其教育思想对中国历史传统、思想文化等的重要影响，加强学生的文化意识，引导学生树立正确的历史观。
5.学习活动设计
教师活动 （教学环节中呈现的学习情境、提出驱动性问题、学习任务类型等） 学生活动 （学生在真实问题情境中开展学习活动，与教的环节对应） 评价活动 （从知识获得、能力提升、学习态度、学习方法、价值观念培育等方面设计过程性评价的内容、程序与工具等；基于学生行为表现证据判断学习目标的达成度）
Activity 1 ：opening page introduction
Step 1 Opening page & unit quote 1.Share a video adapted from the Video Time of P48 and some pictures about London and ask Qs(Do you know these buildings Which country do they belong to ) 2.Introduces the unit quote Students watch the video and talk something about London they know. And then discuss the meaning of the unit quote. students can learn something about London and get a general idea of the unit topic and theme to activate and share existing knowledge.
设计意图: 这是本单元第一课时，在听说活动之前通过让学生谈论伦敦，对单元主题和主题语境有一个大致的了解，并激活学生已有知识。
Activity 2 : lead in
Step 2 Lead in Look at a short video from “Hello, China” (100集向世界介绍中国文化) Confucius and Chinese philosophy– Confucius (Kong zi) and answer the following two questions:1) what do you know about Confucius 2) What did his philosophy known as Confucianism emphasize 2. Look at some photos of Qufu P38. What can you say about these places Temple of Confucius, Kong Family Mansion , Cemetery of Confucius students talk about Confucius and his philosophy after watching the video. From details about the three Kong provided by the teacher, students learn these: in memory of Confucius, people built Confucius Mansion,Confucius Temple and Confucius Forest, collectively known as the Three Confucius, to commemorate Confucius. The video and pictures can help activate student s’ original knowledge about Confucius and provide students’ background so they learn that Confucius’s ideas have had a profound impact on China and the world.
设计意图：通过“你好，中国”中关于孔子的短视频的引入，激活学生对孔子的了解并提供相关学习的背景，从而了解孔子的思想对中国和世界产生了深远的影响，为下面的听力活动做好铺垫。
Activity 3：language support
Step 3 Before listening 1.Deal with some related words with the students including:Confucius n.孔子 Confucianismn.儒家思想 philosopher n. 哲学家 philosophy n. 哲学 political thinking政治思想 descendant n. 后裔,后人,子孙 family tree家谱 learning and reflecting学习和反思 noticeable adj. 显著的，显而易见的 2.Predict the contents of the text. Students try to read and learn the new words and predict the content of the listening text. Students can get some language support to get ready for the listening. The second part can equip students with the skills of prediction and note-taking.
设计意图: 根据学生基础在听前为学生提供语言支持，让他们为听力做好准备。帮助学生掌握课堂内容预测和记笔记的技能，让学生养成良好的听力学习习惯。
Activity 4：Listening activities (1) main information.
Step 4 While listening---Task 1 1.Ask the students to listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chinese student in Qufu, and then write down what they say about Confucius. (P38 Ex.2) a British tourist—William and a Chinese student—Xiao Kong 2.Ask the students todiscuss the information in the form in study groups. Fect/opinionWilliam1. Confucius is one of his _____. 2. He was ______. 3. He lived over _______ years.XiaoKong1. Confucius has over ___________. 2. He was a great _______ and had many ideas about ___________. 3. He was one of _____ in history.
Students finish the form after listening to the passage twice and discuss the information in the form. The listening exercise can help students distinguish facts from opinions and direct students’ attention to different language features
设计意图: 设计表格填空练习训练学生抓获关键信息的能力，听完后对表格内容的理解帮助学生区分事实和观点，引导学生注意不同的语言特点。
Activity 5:Listening activities (2)Detail listening
Step 5 While listening --- Task 2 Listen again and decide whether these statements are true(T), false(F), or not mentioned (NM). (from Ex1-4).Then answer the question (Ex5). Let the students discuss after listening and tell the reason why (P38) Students read through the exercises first and judge the statements then try to get the reason why listening. Here are the questions: 1. Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion. 2. Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy. 3. As one of Confucius' descendants, Xiao Kong's name is recorded in the family tree. 4. Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu. 5.Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu A. There are famous halls in his hometown. B. There are no tall buildings in his hometown. C. Both places have a famous person who was born there. D. His hometown doesn’t allow other buildings to be more noticeable than the historic buildings. These exercises can enable students to practice listening for detailed information and find out words showing similarity.
设计意图: 先让学生判断信息的对错，然后听时重点捕获其原因，以达到让学生练习获取详细信息和锻炼找出具有相似性的单词的能力。
Activity 6: some English idioms learning
Step 6 Post listening Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Explain their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.(P39) Get to understand idioms: An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear. English idiomMeaning Chinese equivalentAchilles’s heelSomething that is __________________Pull one’s legTo ____ someone_________Fish out of waterSomeone who feels ______ because they are in an unfamiliar place___________
Students can discuss or look into the dictionary about the meaning of these English idioms.If possible, try to get more English idioms with the help of internet after class. By looking into the dictionary the English idioms learning can help activate students’ own cultural knowledge and encourage cultural comparisons.
设计意图:通过讨论，查字典或网络搜索等辅助，帮助学生学习英语习语，激活学生自身的文化知识和鼓励文化之间的比较，鼓励课后进行积累活动，为学习中外文化比较提供语料和语境。
Activity 7：Speaking activity
Step 7 Speaking: Ask the students to choose one of the questions and discuss with your study group, and then present your idea to the class. 1. What do you know about Confucius’ idea on education Think of two or three examples. 2. What else do you know about Confucius and his philosophy 3. Think about a historic site that you have visited, and give an introduction to its history and importance. Students are divided into 9 groups and the questions will be given to different groups to discuss. At last invite some groups to make their presentation. (Teacher will give some notes to the groups: 1.Education was one of Confucius’ core values. He believed learning about the past would help us know the future. He also thought education helped our confidence which would help bring peace and prosperity. He also thought it was important to use and apply what we have learnt in our education. 2.Confucius was a great thinker, educator, and philosopher. His principles had a great influence on Chinese traditions and beliefs. He believed strongly in strong family loyalty and respect for others. He believed in the so-called “golden rule” of philosophy: Do not do others what you do not want others to do to you.) Students cancombine the pre-listening and while-listening exercises,the discussion and presentation can help the students activate their own cultural knowledge and encourage sharing of personal experiences.
设计意图: 说的部分是本节听力知识的迁移和巩固活动，引导学生要结合听前和听力的内容，通过讨论和学生的呈现，激活学生自身的文化知识，达到分享个人经验和知识的目的。
Activity 8: Homework
Sort out the notes in this class； Choose one of the questions in Activity 7 and write a short passage. Students can finish the task with your study group or get more related information with the help of the internet. Some students’ homework will be presented before the class. Students can consolidate the learning effect of this lesson.
设计意图：通过让学生整理课堂笔记和总结说的活动并以书面的形式写下来，达到巩固本课的学习效果，同时体现分层作业设计。
6.作业与拓展学习设计（关注作业的针对性、预计完成时间，发挥作业对复习巩固、引导学生深入学习的作用；包括基础达标、拓展提升、开放实践等类别） 设计的两题作业是有一定意义的，首先第一题的整理笔记作业是面向全体同学的，把课堂上所学的内容经过课后反思和总结，以笔记的形式呈现出来并选部分优秀笔记在第二题展示出来，达到分享同伴的学习经验的目的。第二题作业是课堂中讨论和说的练习再以书面的形式写下来，是对同学们的英语学习能力和知识的迁移。同样可以课后学习小组讨论和网络搜索的学习渠道来完成，既是达到复习巩固作用，也能引导学生通过各种学习渠道达到深入学习的作用。对于英语基础差异的学生，也可根据自己的能力，选择自己能完成的程度去完成。预计完成的时间是一个小时之内。
7.板书设计（板书完整呈现教与学活动的过程，最好能呈现建构知识结构与思维发展的路径与关键点） Activity 2 : lead in:Enjoy a short video from “Hello, China” Confucius developed his thoughts into a system of philosophy, known as Confucianism. He was a great teacher , a great Chinese spiritual leader. Activity 3 ：language support Confucianism n. 儒家思想 philosophy n. 哲学 descendant n. 后裔,后人,子孙 noticeable adj. Activity 4：Listening activities (1)(2) Some tips to take notes:1. Use symbols符号 2. Use abbreviatons缩写词 3.Use Chinese characters中文 Activity 6: some English idioms learning Be a piece of cake; rains cats and dogs; Achilles’s heel; Pull one’s leg; Fish out of water… Activity 7：Speaking activity Groups work and presentation to share your cultural knowledge and personal experiences Activity 8: Homework 1. Sort out the notes in this class； 2. Choose one of the questions in Activity 7 and write a short passage.
8.特色学习资源分析、技术手段应用说明（结合教学特色和实际撰写） 本节课的听前对教科书的Video Time的视频部分进行剪辑改编，重点从介绍伦敦的概况和历史文化进而引入我们中国的同样也有影响力的孔庙和孔子。再是在引入听力的主题关于孔庙和孔子的内容时，让学生先观看学习短视频100集向世界介绍中国文化的”Hello, China”有关孔子的介绍，起到激活学生熟悉的文化知识，另听力的活动变得轻松易懂。 以下是听前引入有关孔子的介绍的视频内容：100集向世界介绍中国文化Confucius and Chinese philosophy (Hello, China) – Confucius (Kong zi) Born in 550 BC Confucius has made great contribution to Chinese culture of anyone in history. Although he was raised in a poor family he visited famous scholars and learned a lot. He developed his thoughts into a system of philosophy, known as Confucianism. Confucianism emphasized self cultivation, harmonious relationships with each other and respect for the elderly. Friends should be honest to each other. Rulers should make an effort to provide a happy life for people. He was a great teacher as well and promoted education for ordinary people. He traveled around to promote his political thinking but failed. But he never gave up. Kongzi is a great Chinese spiritual leader. Over the last 2000 years his philosophy has continued to influence China and the rest of the world. It is also regarded as the symbol of oriental culture.
教学反思（从学习、教学、评价和一致性四个基本问题的角度，进行教与学的经验性总结，如基于学情分析和目标达成度的对比反思、教学自我评估等） 本节基本能完成所预定的教学目标，借助听前的背景引入和有关生词的学习等辅助教学，听时根据学生的英语基础而设计各项活动，表格填空，问题设计等，学生能从整体上抓住主要线索、梳理并概括关键信息，把握重要细节，从而掌握相关听力策略，并结合学生的生活体验，探讨和表述孔子的教育哲学思想及文化古迹的重要历史价值，达到加强学生的文化意识，引导学生树立正确的历史观的教学目标。
10.使用与改进建议（给使用本课教学设计的同行们提出的建议， 包括本课教学评应该注意的问题，本课教学实施可以进一步优化教学设计、改进教学的设想等） 对本课教学设计的建议有以下几点需要改进： 在教学时间的把控上，某些教学环节的时间把控仍需要改进，如听前引入，尽量做到点题和激活学生学习兴趣就可以，细节内容可以在听的活动中再展开。 在最后说的教学环节中，讨论孔子教育的话题，与课前引入部分有点重复，课后可以尝试如何把两个环节更有效的结合起来。
(
4
)Unit 4 Listening and Speaking
课 题 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS Period 1Listening and Speaking 学 科 英语 班 级 授课教师
教 学目 标 By the end of this section, students will be able to: 1. collect information about Confucius and his ideas on education; 2. listen to people talk about historic places and share your own experiences; 3. identify and grasp the English idioms used in the conversation; 4. review the rules of liaison and use them to read the poem fluently.
教 学 主 题 听力板块的主题是“分享交流对历史遗迹的看法”（Share views on historic sites）学生通过听一段中外学生在去孔庙路上的对话，了解他们对孔庙、孔子、孔子后裔及孔子教育思想的看法，从而体会、思考孔子及其思想对中国历史传统的深远影响。同时，对话中自然融入了英语习语并提及了英国剧作家莎士比亚，为学生了解英语习语及其相关的文化典故知识，以及进行中外文化比较提供语料和语境，有助于学生感悟历史、传统、文化、习俗等对语言理解和表达的重要影响。语音板块主要帮助学生复习连读的发音规则。
教 学 重 点 1. 引导学生了解孔子及其教育思想； 2. 引导学生听懂分享交流对历史遗迹的看法的对话； 3. 引导学生了解俚语，理解对话中说话人用到的英语俚语； 4. 引导学生复习连读的发音规则。
教 学难 点 引导学生结合自身经历，介绍一个自己比较熟悉或参观游览过的历史古迹； 引导学生能在表达中灵活地运用连读，让自己的发音更加地道。
教 学 内 容 与 过 程 Lead-in 展示主题图片，并提出问题引发学生讨论，为后面的教学活动做准备： What do you know about the buildings in the photo above What traditions of that city/country do you know about Why is it important to protect historic buildings and cultural traditions Step1 Pre-listening 引导学生完成P38活动1，结合图片谈谈你对图片中这些地方的了解。 引导学生浏览活动2，预测接下来所听的内容。 Step2 While-listening 播放录音，让学生完成P38活动2，将表格信息补充完整。 再播放录音，让学生完成P38活动3，判断所给句子的正误，以及是否被提及；并选择所示问题的正确答案。 Step3 Post-listening 带领学生学习P39活动4上的听力策略，了解俚语，并让他们完成活动4中的表格。 让学生分组，完成P39活动5，谈谈对孔子及其思想的了解，以及结合自身经历，每组介绍一个你们比较熟悉或参观游览过的历史古迹。 Step 4Pronunciation 1. 老师带领学生复习连读的规则。 2. 让学生完成P39活动1，标注出诗中需要连读的音。 3. 老师播放诗的录音，让学生边跟读边检查自己标注的连读是否正确。 Step 5 Homework Choose two idioms you have learnt to make several sentences. Prepare an oral presentation about “An introduction of a historic site”. Pay attention to linking sounds in your presentation. 备注Unit 4 History and Traditions
Listening and Talking&Reading for Writing
必备知识基础练 进阶训练第一层
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Kate was in a hurry to grow up, ________ (渴望的) for knowledge and experience.
2．After a summer here sheep and ________ (牛) will grow strong and fat.
3．A police car ________ (咆哮) past us.
4．When he was a little kid he ________ (滚) down a hill and broke his leg.
5．The evening is a ________ (盛宴) for music lovers.
6．Do you know how many ________ (郡) England has
7．It is like fishing for a needle in the ________(海洋)．
8．She was a ________ (引人注目的) woman with long blonde hair.
9．She has tried to adapt to local ________ (风俗)．
10．A huge ________ (人群) gathered in the street.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He often gives us help ________ (generous)．
2．We will be exploring different approaches to ________ (gather) information.
3．It ____________ (announce) that a high official will come to our college to inspect us.
4．Tom was eager ________ (get) the prize.
5．He was charged ________ stealing goods from the shop.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．My mother is fond of singing, which ________________________(对……影响很大)me.
2．This ancient tower ________________ (有……历史) thousands of years.
3．Many African American families ________ the new year ________ (用……迎接) a get together.
4．就在那时，我意识到，这封信被送错了地方。
Just then I realized that the letter had ________________ the wrong address.
5．如果你来访问中国，你会体验一种博大精深的文化。
If you come to visit China, you will experience ________________________________.
6．We two ________________ (轮流做) the housework.
7．雨林的毁坏已经导致了大量的环境破坏。
____________________________________ has been brought about by the destruction of the rainforests.
8．我不知道我能向谁寻求帮助。(I have no idea...)
_______________________________________________________
9．他最后变成了一个优秀的篮球运动员并不令人惊讶。(it作形式主语)
_______________________________________________________
10．我爷爷喜欢关着窗子睡觉。(with复合结构)
My grandfather likes to sleep ________________________.
关键能力综合练 进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读理解
An American photographer is making copies of great artwork available for blind people and those with very poor eyesight. At least 285 million people worldwide are either blind or considered visually impaired (有缺陷的). They are unable to see or enjoy visual fine art.
Romeo Edmead lost his eyesight when he was only two years old. But that has not stopped him from living life to the fullest. He went to college and studied journalism. He now lives in New York. He depends heavily on his other senses. But he cannot experience the great works of art in New York. He remembers a visit to an art collection with his grandmother. “We went to this museum and I just wandered off somewhere and I started touching something, and all of a sudden alarm went off. And a guard came running over, and my grandmother was ashamed.” Romeo is now able to use his fingers to feel art paintings. He can get an idea of the appearance by following the markings.
John Olson once worked as a photographer for LIFE magazine. He developed a printing process to make the art of Da Vinci and Van Gogh touchable for visually impaired people. “I began to realize how important images have been to me, and what they have allowed me to do. And it caused me to wonder what it was for the blind, not having access to images.” Olson's company is called 3D Photoworks. It produces copies of artwork in three dimensions—height, width and depth. The whole process can take up to four weeks.
Thanks to new technology, 3D art may soon hang in art museums all over the world. It gives the visually impaired the chance to experience the beauty of visual art.
1．What motivated John Olson to make 3D art for blind people
A．The benefit of his company.
B．Romeo Edmead's sufferings.
C．His appreciation to blind people.
D．The importance of images to people.
2．What does the word “dimension” mean
A．A period of time.
B．The size of a situation.
C．A measurement in space.
D．The way of doing things.
3．How will John Olson's work influence the life of blind people
A．They are able to live their life to the fullest.
B．They can have the chance to feel the beauty of visual art.
C．They don't need to depend heavily on their other senses.
D．They have free access to museums without any difficulty.
4．What can we learn from the passage
A．It takes a month or so to produce a 3D artwork.
B．3D art is produced based on height and depth.
C．3D art is displayed in art museums all over the world.
D．John Olson is rich for what he has done for the blind.
Ⅱ.七选五
Everyone dreams. If you've ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, you're not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history. __1__ Here are some of the findings.
__2__ People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they can't get around.
You've got a heart problem. People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, it's more difficult for you to breathe at night. __3__
You're avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave This could indicate that you're afraid to deal with something in your daily life. __4__
You'll have a good result in a test. Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze (迷宫) during their sleep. __5__ This improves learning and problem solving skills.
Despite the fact that technology has vastly expanded our understanding of dreaming, much of what occurs when we're asleep remains as it has always been: a mystery.
A．How creative you are.
B．Dreaming may strengthen memories.
C．What kind of problem solver you are.
D．What can our dreams tell about ourselves
E．How can we understand better about ourselves
F．That explains why you cannot have a sound sleep.
G．Ask yourself what issue or emotion you're faced with.
Ⅲ.语法填空
I was on my way home with a friend yesterday 1.________ I found a mobile phone by the roadside. After picking it up, I suggested that we go to the house in front of which we found the mobile phone. And we did so. I 2.________ (knock) at the door and two young men answered. Neither of them had lost 3.________ (them) phones, but as I referred to some names on the contact list (通讯录), one of them said he also had those 4.________ (name) and it must be the phone of one 5.________ their friends. Then, he took the phone and said how wonderful it was that I took the time 6.________ (find) the owner. Afterwards, I left without 7.________ (leave) my name or address. I never considered keeping the phone. Instead, I immediately tried to find 8.________ owner. And I believed that that was 9.________ (exact) what I would want someone to do if I lost my phone. It couldn't have been 10.________ (good)．
Sometimes, helping others is just doing the right thing.
Ⅳ.写作
第一节 应用文写作
假定你是李华，你有一位英国网友，名叫Tom，他听说了中国的故宫，但对其知道的不多，于是给你发来一封电子邮件，请你给他介绍有关故宫的一些情况。请根据下面提供的一些要点给他回一封电子邮件：
1．故宫(the Palace Museum)又叫紫禁城(the Forbidden City)。
2．它于1406年开始建造，于1420年建成。
3．相传它有殿宇宫室9,999间。在传统上，中国人认为9是一个吉利的数字。
4．故宫存放着有上千年历史的珍宝(precious treasures)。请他亲自来看一看。
注意：
1．词数80左右：
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Tom，
It is nice to receive your e mail. Now I'd like to tell you something about the Palace Museum.
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Yours，
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A few years ago I worked in an_international_company that sold computer devices. I had to travel a lot over_the_country as a part of my work. I remember that I was at a stage of my life where I only cared about how to make_more_money.
On one of my trips, I came to the_airport to take a bus to downtown, as usual. It was the same routine: get into the city, take the bus to the hotel, visit the customer, work late, take the bus back to the airport and fly back...That_day,_for some reasons, I decided to take the stairs down to a different exit, where I came across a beautiful garden I had never seen before. I waited there, enjoying the scenery. Finally the_bus came.
Usually I always took the seat behind the driver. That day I sat down somewhere in the middle. A boy was seated next to me, carrying a lot of suitcases. Suddenly, he turned to me and gave me one of the most sincere smiles I had ever seen from a stranger. Warmly, he said, “Hi, the_perfect_day in the perfect place, huh？”
I remember thinking to myself—this must be one of those typical people who is young and naive and just thinks everything is beautiful and easy. Why was he annoying me when I just wanted to enjoy the bus ride But out of politeness, I replied, “Perfect! Did your parents pay for you to have some vacations on the beach？” “No, I'm not here for vacation, and I don't have parents, ” he shook his head, “I'm here because I want to achieve my_biggest_dream. I'm on the way to the_army_school where my grandfather studied a long time ago.”
注意：1.所续写的短文的词数应为150词左右；
2．至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4．续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1：
I lost my dad 10 years ago and then my mom married again. My stepfather...
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Paragraph 2：
He smiled and told me that for 10 years, he had only one thing on his mind：to...
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课时作业(四) Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．eager 2.cattle 3.roared 4.rolled 5.feast 6.counties
7．ocean 8.striking 9.customs 10.crowd
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．generously 2.gathering 3.is announced 4.to get 5.with
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．has a great influence on 2.has a history of 3.greet; with
4．been delivered to 5.a culture of amazing depth and variety
6．take turns to do 7.A huge amount of environmental damage
8．I have no idea who I can turn to for help.
9．It is not surprising that he finally turned out to be an excellent basketball player.
10．with the windows closed
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍目前已有新技术可以将名画制造为立体的图像，方便盲人“观看”。
1．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。根据第三段的第四句“And it caused me to wonder what it was for the blind, not having access to images.”可知，图像对人们的重要性促使约翰·奥尔森为盲人创作3D艺术，故选D项。
2．答案与解析：C 词义猜测题。根据破折号后的height, width and depth可知，高度、宽度和深度三个方面是立体空间，结合本文讲述的3D技术可知，dimension是指“维”，即从空间测量，故选C项。
3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。根据最后一段“...3D art may soon hang in art museums all over the world. It gives the visually impaired the chance to experience the beauty of visual art.”可知，约翰·奥尔森使得盲人有机会感受视觉艺术的美。
4．答案与解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段的最后两句“It produces copies of artwork in three dimensions—height, width and depth. The whole process can take up to four weeks.”可知，制作3D艺术品需要一个月左右的时间。
Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】 本文为说明文。每个人都做梦，自古以来人们都试图解梦。但梦能告诉我们什么呢？文章对此做了介绍。
1．答案与解析：D 根据上文If you've ever tried to figure out the meaning of a strange dream, you're not alone. Humans have been trying to make sense of dreams since recorded history.可知，自古以来，人类就一直在试图解释梦的含义。后面的内容主要叙述了梦告诉我们的东西。分析选项可知D项符合题意。
2．答案与解析：A 根据下句People with great creativity are more likely to dream about unusual settings and blocks in the natural world, such as a log or a rock they can't get around. 可知，有创造力的人更有可能梦见自然界中不寻常的环境和石块等。由此推知你做梦说明你很有创造力。故A项符合题意。
3．答案与解析：F 根据上文People who have frequent nightmares may be significantly more likely to suffer from an irregular heartbeat or chest pain. If you have those problems, it's more difficult for you to breathe at night。可知，经常做噩梦的人可能更容易患上心律不齐或胸痛。如果你有那些问题，晚上呼吸会更困难，由此可见如果你有这些病的话，晚上就睡不好。故F项符合题意。
4．答案与解析：G 根据前面的内容You're avoiding something. Do you dream about being followed by a stranger, a monster, or a giant tidal wave This could indicate that you're afraid to deal with something in your daily life.可知，如果你在梦里逃避什么，或被什么跟踪的话，这可能说明你在生活中害怕处理某些事情。这时就要想想你面临的问题到底是什么。分析选项可知G项符合题意。
5．答案与解析：B 根据上句Students whose performance improved were those who had dreamed about the maze(迷宫)during their sleep.可知，走进迷宫的学生想出去的话就会去解决问题。根据下句This improves learning and problem solving skills. 可知，这提高了学习和解决问题的能力。由此可知，做梦有利于记忆强化。故B项符合题意。
Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。作者在捡到了手机后努力寻找失主。他希望，如果他丢了手机，也会有人做同样的事。
1．答案与解析：when 考查连词。昨天“我”正和朋友在回家的路上，这时“我”发现了路边有一部手机。此处填连词when表示“在这时”，表示意料之外的事情。
2．答案与解析：knocked 考查时态。文章叙述的是过去的事情，故应使用一般过去时，故填knocked。
3．答案与解析：their 考查代词。此处表示“他们的”，故填their。
4．答案与解析：names 考查名词复数。根据those一词可知，此处应填名词复数names。
5．答案与解析：of 考查介词。one of...意为“……其中之一”，故填of。
6．答案与解析：to find 考查非谓语动词。take time to do sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，故填to find。
7．答案与解析：leaving 考查非谓语动词。后来作者没有留下名字和地址就离开了。介词without后接名词或动名词作宾语，故填leaving。
8．答案与解析：the/its 考查冠词或代词。作者尝试寻找机主。owner应是特指，故填the。也可以用代词its，表示“它的主人”。
9．答案与解析：exactly 考查副词。此处填副词exactly修饰表语从句。
10．答案与解析：better 考查形容词比较级。比较级与否定词连用表示最高级意义，根据句意，故此处填better。
Ⅳ.写作
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Tom，
It is nice to receive your e mail. Now I'd like to tell you something about the Palace Museum.
The Palace Museum, also referred to as the Forbidden City, is a fascinating tourist attraction.
It took nearly 14 years to build and was completed in 1420. As the largest museum in China, the Palace Museum holds precious treasures from the past thousands of years of Chinese history. It's not surprising that its temples and palaces amount to 9,999 because nine is traditionally considered as a lucky number by Chinese people.
I do hope you can come to China and take a look at this museum with your own eyes. I'm sure you are more than likely to be attracted.
Best wishes.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
Paragraph 1：
I lost my dad 10 years ago and then my mom married again. My stepfather threw me out of the house. Since then, I've been living all over_the_country. I've met many people who were kind to me. And I've learnt a lot from life through these years，” he said softly. At that point I couldn't say a word. I felt the tears coming. Fortunately, he continued talking.
Paragraph 2：
He smiled and told me that for 10 years, he had only one thing on his mind：to join the_army_school like his grandfather. “My grandfather was a general of the army. He left me this，” he said proudly. He showed me a golden knife and said this was the best memory of his childhood. “The only thing I know is that I will follow my dream and every day I will be happy.” Soon, the_bus reached his stop, he stood up, took all his suitcases,_and said goodbye with a big smile. From that_day on, I always try to do everything with my best smile on my face.Unit 4 Listening and Talking
课 题 UNIT 4 HISTORY AND TRADITIONS Period 4Listening and Talking 学 科 英语 班 级 授课教师
教 学目 标 By the end of this section, students will be able to: obtain key information on Pingyao from the listening material; 2. infer the speakers’ feelings based on characters’ intonation and tone in the conversation; 3. grasp some expressions about excitement, surprise and disappointment; 4. role-play a conversation about a trip to Pingyao; 5. talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination.
教 学 主 题 本板块的活动主题是“谈论历史古迹的观光经历”（Talk about a visit to a historic tourist destination）。旅游观光是了解一个国家历史文化、风俗习惯等的常见方式。学生听青年旅店招待员Xiao Yan和背包客Paul的对话，了解平遥著名的历史文化景点和Paul作为一位外国游客的旅行经历和感受。
教 学 重 点 引导学生获取和梳理对话中有关平遥旅行经历的事实性信息； 引导学生根据对话中的情境描述和人物的语音语调推测人物说话时的情感； 引导学生掌握有关兴奋、惊讶、失望等个人情感的语言形式。
教 学难点 引导学生进行角色扮演，分享平遥旅行经历及感受； 引导学生运用所学知识介绍自己参观过的一处历史遗迹并表达感受。
教 学 内 容 与 过 程 Lead-in 老师通过呈现图片，导入今天的主题。 Step 1 Listening 老师通过呈现问题，了解学生是否去过平遥及对平遥的熟悉程度。 Have you ever been to Pingyao What is your impression of it Can you mention some of the places of interest or historic sites there 播放录音，让学生完成活动1，勾选出听力材料中所提到的景点名称。 让学生阅读活动2的六句话，根据文字提示，推测说话人的感受。然后听第二遍录音，结合对话中的情境描述和人物的语音语调，判断人物说话时的情感，完成表格。 引导学生总结表达兴奋、惊讶和失望等的语言形式。 Step 2 Speaking 让学生结对，分角色朗读活动3中的对话，熟悉和初步运用表达兴奋、惊讶和失望等的语言形式。结合听力内容、自身经历及课上同学或教师分享的有关平遥的内容，续编对话并朗读。 老师带领学生总结归纳从哪些方面介绍某一名胜古迹。 让学生完成活动4，分组谈论自己曾去过的历史文化景点。 Step 3 Homework Make a presentation to introduce one of your trips to a historic tourist destination. Include at least three aspects we mentioned today. Show your true feelings about the trip. 备注U4 History and Traditions
Reading and Thinking导学案
Class:_____ Group:_____ Name:__________ 组内评价:________ 教师评价:_______
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【使用说明与学法指导】
自学：
15
分钟课前
结合《金版学案》自
学课本、课文，按照导引充分预习课文、独立完成学案。
学法指导：
（
1
）
7
分钟迅速默读文章一遍，把握文章主旨大意和文章的框架结构；
（
2
）
8
分钟再
读
课文，
理解文章细节，完成此导学案上的习题。
) 单元主题必修二 Unit4 History and Traditions（历史与传统）主题语境人与社会 大 单 元 教 学 目 标 语言 能力词汇：能正确使用下列单词和词块：Confucius, philosophy, individual, kingdom, chief, etc.语法：学习和掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。语篇：阅读记述英国历史及地理概况的说明性文本，有效获取和梳理信息。表达：能够对熟悉地点的景物等进行比较生动、细致的描写。文化 意识1.了解中国、英国、爱尔兰等多个国家的悠久历史和文化传统。2.在了解的基础上，积极思考历史、文化和传统的重要性及现实意义。思维 品质在理解听力、阅读文本的基础上，能够结合自己的生活和学习需要及相关历史文化知识等，观察和分析语言和文化现象，了解相关国家悠久历史和特色传统的文化内涵和现实意义，思考历史与现实的辩证关系。学习 能力平时能够注意积累英语习语；在听的过程中，能够通过上下文推测英语习语的含义；在阅读中，能够从地图中获取相关的地理文化信息，以提高读图的能力。第2课时Reading and Thinking---What’s in a name 本课 学习 目标By the end of the class, you will be able to: master the skills of reading maps; read about the history and traditions of the UK and improve your reading skills; understand the importance of learning the history and traditions of a country; discuss whether it’s important to study the history and culture of a country before visiting it and express your own opinions critically.
【Learning procedures】 Step 1. Lead in What is the UK famous for / What comes to your mind when you think of the UK Step2. Pre-reading（读前） What might “a name” here refer to ________________________________________________________________________________ Make a prediction: What’s the main idea of the text ________________________________________________________________________________ Step3. While-reading（读中） Skimming（略读---读文章大意）: Read the text and check your prediction. Then, please give the main idea of it. ________________________________________________________________________________ Underline the topic sentence of each paragraph and match each part of the text with its main idea. Para1 A. Four groups of people in UK's history Para2 B. The four names of the country Para3 C. The similarities and differences among the four countries within the UK Para4 D. Learning the country's history makes your journey more enjoyable Para5 E. A puzzle concerning the name Scanning (寻读---读文章细节）: Para2: Try to sort the changing process of the UK’s names. Wales+ 16th 18th 19th 20th the Kingdom of England Para3: Complete the table below with information from para3. SimilaritiesDifferencesflageducation systems
Para4: Complete the table below with information from para4. WhenWhoWhat1st century Romans built town and roads
Read the para5 and answer the questions. Why does the writer suggest London as a starting place to visit ________________________________________________________________________________ According to the text, what are two chief advantages of studying the history of a country (Para4&Para5) _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Step4. Post-reading（读后） Group work: discuss the questions in groups Is it necessary for visitors to study the history and culture of a country before visiting it Make a summary of what we have learnt today and check whether the learning objectives have achieved or not. Step 5. Self-assessment Checklist Your performanceHave I caught the main idea of the text 5 4 3 2 1Have I grasped the structure of the text 5 4 3 2 1Have I got the detailed information of the text 5 4 3 2 1Have I improved the reading skills 5 4 3 2 1Have I understand the importance of learning the history and traditions of a country 5 4 3 2 1Have I improved the critical thinking capacity 5 4 3 2 1
【课后拓展】 Step 6. Homework A层：1、根据对英国的理解，完成一篇介绍英国的文章，不少于100词。 2、完成本节课文语法填空以及阅读理解。 B层：完成本节课文语法填空及阅读理解。 课文语法填空 The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England—many people are confused by (1)______these different names mean. Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you (2)______(solution) this puzzle. In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, Scotland and the Kingdom of Ireland (3)______(add) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Finally, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted (4)______the full name we have today. As a matter of fact, the four countries (5)______belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.They use the same flag, (6)______(know) as the Union Jack. (7)______, they also have some differences. The UK is a(8)______(fascinate) mix of history and modern culture, with both new(9)______old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised (10)______(find) that you can see both its past and its present. 阅读理解 A British friend told me he couldn'tunderstand why Chinese people love eating sunflower seeds as a snack so much. "I've met a lot of older Chinese and many have a crack(缝隙）in their front teeth; I believe that'sfrom cracking the seeds," he said. I had never noticed the habit, but once he mentioned（提及）it, I suddenly became more aware. I realized that whenever I'm watching TV or typing a report, I always start mindlessly（不自觉地）cracking sunflovwer seeds. My friend doesn't like sunflower seeds, and, to him, it seems unnecessary to work so much just to get one small seed. When we were young, the whole family would usually get together for Chinese New Year. Then, we all lived close to one another, usually in a small city, and sometimes even neighbors would go door to door on Chinese New Year's Eve to check out what every household was making. I remember my parents would be in the kitchen cooking. Out in the living room, a large table would already be laid out, complete with fancy tablecloth, ready-made dumpling fillings, and dishes full of candy, fruits and sunflower seeds. Some of the dishes were to be offered to our ancestors later, while others were for neighbors and children to eat before the evening feast. I must have learned how to crack sunflower seeds back then. I don't think it's right to criticize（批评）one's choice in food or eating habits, no matter how strange they may seem. It's not only in China. When I went abroad, I found people had all sorts of strange habits when it came to food. In Denmark, they put salted red fish on bread and eat it for dinner, no matter how much it ruins your breath. They think it's a delicacy, and it's connected to their culture. I think it's a wonderful tradition. 1. What did the writer become aware of A. She had ever typed a report about seeds. B. She had various snacks while watching TV. C. She had a habit of cracking sunflower seeds. D. She damaged her teeth by eating sunflower ah seeds. 2. What does the writer prove by mentioningChinese New Year A. The traditions of celebrating it disappear. B. Children can eat delicious food on that day. C. The families get together for it. D. Eating sunflower seeds is related to it. 3. The writer's attitude to Denmark's way of eating bread is__________. A. acceptable B. critical C. neutral D. doubtful 4. What lesson can we learn from the story A. One kind of food doesn't necessarily suiteveryone. B. Eating habits come from a certain culture. C. It is good to form healthy eating habits. D. Changing your eating habits will change your life.
