安徽省皖豫名校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷(含解析)
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安徽省皖豫名校2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Entertaining Fall Festivals, Events and Activities
Duluth Fall Festival in Duluth, Georgia: Sept. 30—Oct. 2
The 40th yearly end-of-summer celebration takes place in downtown Duluth on the last weekend in September. This free event is run by a team of 300-plus volunteers. Attendees can wander around more than 180 vendors (摊贩) selling arts and crafts or catch a show at either of the two stages with 20-plus scheduled performances throughout the weekend. Kids can experience rides and games just for them, and anyone can enjoy the on-site carnival (嘉年华).
Fall for Greenville in Greenville, South Carolina: Oct. 12—15
Dozens of food and drink vendors set up for this yearly fall festival. Entry and entertainment are free, but attendees can buy Taste Tickets to try dishes prepared by local restaurants and exchange them for drinks, carnival rides and slides in the Kids’ Area. Dozens of free performances are given by local and national acts on stages throughout the weekend.
Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta in Albuquerque, New Mexico: Oct. 7—15
Well-known as the largest hot air balloon festival in the world, this annual autumn attraction has been around for more than half a century. Attendees can enjoy activities for which they will have to pay a fee. A full schedule of events keep attendees busy throughout each day with a series of themed balloon competitions. Additional activities include free live music performances, firework shows, and shopping and dining at vendors.
West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta in Tualatin, Oregon: Oct. 21—22
Tualatin draws people each October for a free festival with unique fall-themed activities. This year the event kicks off on Saturday with a competition of a giant vegetable weigh-off. The next day starts with a 5K run to raise money for scholarships for local students. Attendees then gather on the banks of Lake Tualatin to watch the festival’s main performance: the Giant Pumpkin Competition.
1．What is specially designed for children at Duluth Fall Festival
A. Live music. B. Some rides. C. The carnival. D. Firework shows.
2．What can Taste Tickets be used for
A. Attending different festivals. B. Enjoying drinks.
C. Shopping for clothes. D. Appreciating local performances.
3．Which festival lasts for the shortest time
A. Fall for Greenville.
B. Duluth Fall Festival.
C. West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta.
D. Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta.
Booksellers have run their trade along the banks of the River Seine for about 450 years, their time-beaten green boxes a Paris tradition as treasured as freshly baked baguettes (法棍面包).
But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls (排位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.
One plan was for booksellers’ boxes to remain in place but they must be examined by the police first and sealed off (封锁) during the Olympic event, which would attract millions of visitors to the city—including many who would potentially visit their stalls. Another plan, considered even worse by booksellers, was to move the boxes elsewhere. As booksellers pit on, many bores have been is place for 30 or 40 years. Most are mused and all their parts are not strong enough.
Although the city’s government has offered to relocate the bookstalls and cover the cost of the move as well as repairing damaged stalls, booksellers say the lack of consultation over a decision affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful about the future.
Plus, there’s concern about what will happen when the Olympics are over. “Are they even going to offer us the same spots again after the games ” asked a bookseller. “I’m afraid that we get our boxes back either in a year, or maybe never, or with someone else’s things in them,” he said.
Booksellers worried that not only would moving the boxes be much more expensive for the capital, but a relocated book market wouldn’t work. “The stalls only make sense when they are on the banks of the Seine,” they said. The attraction and culture of the boxes is their age-worn character, their poetic shades of green.
4．What trouble are Paris booksellers facing now
A. Their stalls are considered as a risk for Paris.
B. They have to join in the Olympic opening ceremony.
C. Their stalls must be sealed off for the city’s development.
D. They may have to move their bookstalls for some reason.
5．Which is a measure of the government for bookstall
A. Covering the cost of repairing old bookstalls.
B. Building a new landmark for the bookstalls.
C. Replacing old bookstalls with new ones for free.
D. Attracting more customers for the bookstalls.
6．What idea do booksellers hold about their stalls
A. They are much too expensive. B. They must lie along the Seine.
C. They must be painted green. D. They are not a Paris landmark.
7．What is the best title for the text
A. Paris Bookstalls Being Moved for Safety Reasons
B. Paris Bookstalls Make the Banks of Seine Attractive
C. Arguments over the Location of Paris Bookstalls
D. Paris’s Preparation for Olympic Games 2024
Most educators know the basics of peer (同龄人) pressure. When peers are around, teenagers take more risks. For example, teenage males drive faster with other boys in the same car because the reward centers of teenagers’ brains are more active with peers than when alone.
However, risk taking in an educational context is an important skill that enables progress and creativity, which is just one of positive peer effects. People often talk about negative (消极的) peer effects but ignore many studies that show a lot of negative behavior of high school kids is discouraged by friends. There is a lot of very positive pressure that peers apply, like, “No, man, that’s stupid.” This prevention is one of the many underreported forms of peer effects.
In a 2018 study of college freshmen, researchers found that having friends with a higher willingness to study is predictive (预测的) of receiving higher freshman grades. Because the study looked at both assigned (指派的) roommate pairings and chosen friend groups, the researchers were able to show the effect wasn’t just a reflection of “selection bias”, with hard-working kids having already chosen to befriend each other. Hanging out with someone who’s hard-working, they concluded, caused teenagers to study for more hours and achieve higher grades. The findings prove previous research showing a connection between how a child views the importance of doing well in school and how their friends do. Similar effects have been proved for volunteer work and health-promotive behaviors, such as exercise.
What does all this mean for educators Effective students can definitely improve classroom situations. In one program, kids were trained to publicly encourage anti-conflict (反冲突) practice. Reports of student conflict dropped 30% over one year. To some extent, this success may lie in the fact that the program got kids’ help. Efforts that engage (使……参与) teens in actual, real-life tasks have been the most promising when it comes to changing the content of the values spread within teenager peer groups.
8．What can bring peer pressure to teenagers
A. Presence of their peers. B. Being cheated by their friends.
C. Encouragement from the elders. D. Stress response in difficult situations.
9．What is most people’s attitude to peer pressure
A. Appreciative. B. Unclear. C. Acceptable. D. Unsupportive.
10．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Love me, love my dog.
B. No competition, no progress.
C. Kids can be influenced by close association.
D. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
11．How can peer pressure be applied to education
A. By sorting classroom activities.
B. By training students to keep away from conflict.
C. By discouraging students from choosing friends.
D. By leading students to positive social activities.
In the first test of its kind in Europe, and only the second in the world, Belgian researchers tested 39 brands of straws (吸管) for the group of synthetic (合成的) chemicals known as poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The straws are made from five materials — paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic. PFAS were found in the majority of the straws tested and were most common in those made from paper and bamboo. They were not found only in steel straws tested.
PFAS are used to make everyday products, from outdoor clothing to non-stick pans, resistant (抵抗to water, heat and stains. They are, however, potentially harmful to people, wildlife and the environment. They have been related to a number of health problems, including lower response to vaccines (疫苗), lower birth weight, thyroid disease, liver damage, kidney cancer and testicular cancer. They break down very slowly over time and can last thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”.
A growing number of countries, including the UK and Belgium, have sopped the sale of single-use plastic products, including drinking straws, and plant-based versions have become popular. The PFAS concentrations (浓缩物) were low in them and, bear in mind that most people tend to only use straws occasionally, bringing a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time.
It isn’t known whether the PFAS were added to the straws by the producer for waterproofing or the PFAS were the result of contamination. Potential sources of contamination include the soil the plant-based materials were grown in and the water used in the production process. However, the presence of the chemicals in almost every brand of paper straws means it is likely that it was, in some cases, being used as a water-resistant coating, say the researchers.
12．Why are PFAS called “forever chemicals”
A. They are commonly seen in daily life.
B. They bring humans health problems.
C. They remain in the environment for long.
D. They can resist water, heat and stains.
13．How can PFAS harm people’s health
A. By bringing people air pollution.
B. By polluting humans’ food.
C. By building up little by little in humans’ body.
D. By making people addicted to drinking easily.
14．What does the underlined word “contamination” in the last paragraph mean
A. Pollution. B. Discovery. C. Experiment. D. Development.
15．What does the text mainly talk about
A. More and more countries give up single-use plastic products.
B. PFAS are widely used in the production of daily necessities.
C. Certain kinds of new synthetic chemicals were discovered.
D. Environment-friendly drinking straws are actually harmful.
二、七选五
16．The time of day and length of time you nap (打盹儿) can provide benefits or create problems. Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits. ①_______Take a nap if you’re experiencing new tiredness, if you’re about to experience sleep loss, such as a long travel day or workday or if you want to make naps a part of your daily routine. Here are four tips to make your naps more effective:
Set aside a certain amount of time. If you wake up feeling groggy (昏沉) after a nap, you’re sleeping too long. ②_______
Plan to take naps in the afternoon. ③_______This is because you’re likely to experience a lower level of sleepiness following lunch. You’re also more likely to avoid interference (打扰) with nighttime sleep if you nap around this time. However, some people may adjust their napping time to fit their work or school schedules.
Create a quiet environment. Some people struggle to sleep during the day, but there are measures you can take to help become more relaxed. Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference. ④_______Adjusting the room temperature to what is comfortable for you also can make your space more comfortable.
⑤_______Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.
A. Give yourself time to wake up.
B. The best time to nap is around 2 p.m. or 3 p.m.
C. A physical exam or sleep study may be necessary.
D. Talk with your health care team if you nap too much.
E. The proper nap length is between 15 and 30 minutes.
F. Find a quiet space with little light to improve your naps.
G. There are certain times when a nap may be more beneficial to your health.
三、完形填空（15空）
Dennis Hong designs and makes human-like robots. Robots, Hong notes, are intelligent machines that do the work humans are often unable or ____1____ to do.
When he was seven years old, he was ____2____ by two robots in a movie. On the way back home in the car, he told his parents that he was going to become a(n)____3____. As Hong became older, he started to ____4____ what engineering actually is. When he was in elementary school, he ____5____ math. He got all A’s in science, but his math result was really ____6____. His father told him that engineers solve problems in the world by using science as a ____7____ and mathematics as a language. Even though he disliked math, he realized that he had to study it harder to follow his ____8____ of becoming an engineer.
Hong thinks ____9____ come from everywhere and at any time. His three-legged robot STriDER is a fantastic ____10____. Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her ____11____. She had three strands (股) of it, and then put one strand through the other two. ____12____, the hair started to look like legs for Hong. He ____13____ designing STriDER after braided hair.
Hong said that people on social media are eager to see his successes, not the ____14____ that came before them. However, if the robot doesn’t fall or ____15____, he doesn’t get to learn anything.
17．A. unwilling B. unlucky C. confident D. free
18．A. protected B. impressed C. comforted D. supported
19．A. engineer B. astronaut C. hairdresser D. teacher
20．A. change B. doubt C. remember D. learn
21．A. enjoyed B. understood C. ignored D. chose
22．A. familiar B. perfect C. unsatisfactory D. irregular
23．A. secret B. tool C. belief D. goal
24．A. dream B. order C. question D. recommendation
25．A. truths B. responsibilities C. ideas D. principles
26．A. image B. sign C. example D. wish
27．A. rope B. cloth C. sweater D. hair
28．A. Absolutely B. Suddenly C. Originally D. Exactly
29．A. gave up B. ended up C. kept on D. put off
30．A. arguments B. adventures C. failures D. performances
31．A. break B. protest C. hesitate D. disappear
四、短文填空
32．Jiang Jie, a musical that tells the story of the female martyr (烈士), Jiang Zhuyun, ①_________ is also known as Jiang Jie, premiered (首映) in Chongqing on Sept. 14.
Born in 1920 in Sichuan Province, Jiang joined the Communist Party of China when she was 19, and became well-known thanks to the revolutionary novel Hong Yan, which②_________ (publish) in 1961. It records a group of communists and their heroic battle in Chongqing in 1949, on the eve of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
“Chongqing was described in the novel③_________ the main city where the story took place. It made the premiere there very④_________ (meaning),” says singer Wang Li.
In 1964, an opera, Jiang Jie, ⑤_________ (base) on Jiang’s story, premiered in Beijing and became popular with⑥_________ wide audience. When the opera was adapted into a new one in 2017, Wang, then a 25-year-old singer who had just graduated from university⑦_________had won a top national music award, was chosen⑧_________ (play) the role. To date, she has performed the role more than 100 times.
The musical attracts many people, ⑨_________ (especial) the young, for its diversity of musical⑩_________ (element), including rock, folk and pop music.
五、书面表达
33．你校将组织全校师生参加“见义勇为事迹报告会(Heroes’ Lecture)”，请你代表学生会写一则通知，刊登在校英文报上。内容包括：
1. 报告时间及地点；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandmother Bonnie called out to Amy as she finished setting the table and served them dinner. When Amy didn’t respond, Bonnie went to the young girl’s room and pushed the door open. Amy sat at her desk with her headphones on, drawing a picture.
“Are you drawing those strange pictures again ” Bonnie yelled. “Have you finished your homework Your teacher called me today and told me you’ve been ignoring her homework!” she shouted angrily.
Minutes later, Amy walked into the kitchen and quietly sat at the table. They began eating dinner in silence. Suddenly, the doorbell rang.
Bonnie answered the door to see a man in his early 40s standing outside. It turned out to be Mr. Henderson a famous New York-based cartoonist. He explained to Amy he received a letter with some pieces of her artwork and was so impressed with her talent. In fact, he wrote Amy letters, but never got an answer.
Amy noticed Bonnie moving nervously in her seat, and realized why the letters had never reached her. Her grandmother kept them hidden from her.
“I’ m here with an offer for Amy,” Mr. Henderson continued. “We are accepting applications for our arts training program this summer. I would personally teach the students the art of cartoons and everything related. For that, Amy needs to pass a test, and then she’ll have to spend her summer in New York learning under me. If everything goes well, she will be able to join my team later and seek her dream of art.”
“Really ” Amy was so excited. But Bonnie refused because she promised Amy’s late parents to raise their child well and make her an educated person. Mr. Henderson sighed and pulled out a file from his bag, “It’s a test. I know your Granny is against it, kid. But if you manage to finish it and hand it over to me by 10 a.m. the day after tomorrow, I can take it to my manager,” he added as he gave Amy an encouraging smile and left the house. Amy decided to finish the test after school the next day.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next evening, Amy found her drawing tools were gone.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Entering the house, Amy found Bonnie holding her drawing tools, crying.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Duluth Fall Festival in Duluth, Georgia: Sept. 30—Oct. 2部分中的“Kids can experience rides and games just for them, and anyone can enjoy the on-site carnival (嘉年华).(孩子们可以体验乘骑和游戏，任何人都可以享受现场嘉年华)”可知，德卢斯秋季节特别为孩子们设计了一些乘骑项目，故选B。
2．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Fall for Greenville in Greenville, South Carolina: Oct. 12—15部分中的“attendees can buy Taste Tickets to try dishes prepared by local restaurants and exchange them for drinks, carnival rides and slides in the Kids’ Area. (参加者可以购买品尝票，尝试由当地餐馆准备的菜肴，并交换饮料，嘉年华游乐设施和幻灯片在儿童区。)”可知，品尝票可以用来享受饮料。故选B。
3．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一个活动的时间“Sept. 30—Oct. 2(9月30-10月2日)”，第二个活动的时间“Oct. 12—15(10月12—15日)”，第三个活动的节目“Oct. 7—15(10月7—15日)”和第四个活动的时间“Oct. 21—22(10月21—22日)”可知，West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta这个活动持续时间最短，只有两天，故选C。
4．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls (排位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.(但这段法国历史现在正处于一场风暴的中心，此前该市警方以“安全原因”为由，命令书商及其摊位搬迁，以便为2024年夏季奥运会开幕式让路。)”可知，巴黎的书商现在面临的麻烦是：他们可能因为某些原因而不得不将他们的书摊搬走，故选D。
5．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Although the city’s government has offered to relocate the bookstalls and cover the cost of the move as well as repairing damaged stalls, booksellers say the lack of consultation over a decision affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful about the future.(尽管巴黎市政府已提出重新安置这些书摊，并承担搬迁费用以及修复受损的书摊，但书商们表示，在影响巴黎一个地标性建筑的决定上缺乏协商，让他们对未来感到担忧。)”可知，政府对于书摊采取的措施是：承担旧书摊的维修费用。故选A。
6．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中““The stalls only make sense when they are on the banks of the Seine,” they said. (他们表示:“只有在塞纳河岸边，摊位才有意义”。)”可知，书商认为他们的摊位必须位于塞纳河边，故选B。
7．答案： A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls (排位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.(但这段法国历史现在正处于一场风暴的中心，此前该市警方以“安全原因”为由，命令书商及其摊位搬迁，以便为2024年夏季奥运会开幕式让路。)”可知，文章主要介绍了目前巴黎警方以“安全为由”，要求位于巴黎塞纳河畔拥有450年历史的书摊搬迁，以便为2024年巴黎夏季奥运会的开幕式让路，这引起了书商们的不满。A项“巴黎书摊因安全原因搬迁”适合做文章标题，故选A。
8．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“When peers are around, teenagers take more risks. (当同龄人在场时，青少年会冒更大的风险。)”和第二段中“There is a lot of very positive pressure that peers apply, like, “No, man, that’s stupid.”(同龄人会施加很多非常积极的压力，比如“不，伙计，这太愚蠢了。”)”可知，当同龄人在场时会给青少年带来同伴压力。故选A。
9．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“People often talk about negative (消极的) peer effects but ignore many studies that show a lot of negative behavior of high school kids is discouraged by friends.(人们经常谈论消极的同伴效应，但是忽略了很多研究，这些研究表明高中生的消极行为是被朋友们劝阻的)”可知，大多数人对同伴压力的态度是消极的，即不支持的，故选D。
10．答案： C
解析：主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据该段中的“In a 2018 study of college freshmen, researchers found that having friends with a higher willingness to study is predictive (预测的) of receiving higher freshman grades. (在2018年一项针对大学新生的研究中，研究人员发现，拥有更愿意学习的朋友可以预测大一新生会得到更高的分数)”可知，第三段主要介绍了孩子会受到亲密关系的影响。故选C。
11．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Efforts that engage (使……参与) teens in actual, real-life tasks have been the most promising when it comes to changing the content of the values spread within teenager peer groups.(当涉及改变青少年同龄人群中传播的价值观的内容时，让青少年参与实际的、真实的任务的努力是最有希望的)”可推知，要通过积极的社会活动，在学生中传播正确的人生价值观，故选D。
12．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“They break down very slowly over time and can last thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”.(随着时间的推移，它们分解得非常缓慢，可以在环境中持续数千年，这一特性使它们被称为“永远的化学品”)”可知，PFAS在环境中能够持续数千年，分解非常缓慢，这是它被称为“永远的化学品”的原因。故选C。
13．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句话“The PFAS concentrations (浓缩物) were low in them and, bear in mind that most people tend to only use straws occasionally, bringing a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time.(它们中的PFAS浓度很低，请记住，大多数人往往只是偶尔使用吸管，给人类健康带来的风险有限。然而，PFAS可以在体内停留多年，浓度会随着时间的推移而增加)”可推知，PFAS能够在体内停留多年，随着时间的推移而增加，从而影响人的健康。故选C。
14．答案： A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的句子“Potential sources of contamination include the soil the plant-based materials were grown in and the water used in the production process. (潜在的污染源包括植物性材料生长的土壤和生产过程中使用的水)”可知，人们不确定PFAS是被生产商为了防水而添加到吸管中的，还是它本身就是污染的结果。污染源包括土壤和生产中使用的水。所以划线单词的意思是“污染”。故选A。
15．答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后三句话“The straws are made from five materials — paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic. PFAS were found in the majority of the straws tested and were most common in those made from paper and bamboo. They were not found only in steel straws tested.(吸管由五种材料制成——纸张、竹子、玻璃、不锈钢和塑料。PFAS在大多数测试的吸管中发现，在纸和竹子制成的吸管中最常见。它们不仅在测试的钢吸管中被发现)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，通常人们认为它们比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保。然而，这些吸管中PFAS的存在意味着它们看似环保，但确是有害的。故选D。
16．答案：①-⑤GEBFA
解析：
①上文“Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits.(知道什么时候小睡，并为自己提供一个合适的小睡环境将产生最大的好处。)”指出小睡对你有好处，空处承接上文，继续描述小睡的好处，G项“有些时候，小睡可能对你的健康更有益。”符合，故选G。
②上文“If you wake up feeling groggy (昏沉) after a nap, you’re sleeping too long.(如果你在小睡后醒来感到头昏眼花，说明你睡得太久了。)”指出小睡的时间太久会让你感到头昏眼花，所以不要花太长时间小睡，空处承接上文，介绍合适的小睡时间，E项“适当的小睡时间在15到30分钟之间。”符合语境，故选E。
③上文“Plan to take naps in the afternoon.(计划在下午小睡一会儿。)”是本段主题句，由此可知，本段主要介绍了小睡最好在下午，B项“午小睡的最佳时间是下午2点或3点左右。”符合，具体介绍了下午小睡的时间，故选B。
④根据本段首句“Create a quiet environment.(创造一个安静的环境。)”和上文“Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference. (关闭所有屏幕，比如手机，可以避免干扰。)”可知，要找一个安静，没有光线的地方小睡，F项“找一个安静、光线不足的地方来改善你的小睡。”符合，故选F。
⑤根据下文“Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.(在小睡后继续活动之前，给自己足够的时间醒来是很重要的，因为你可能会感到头昏眼花。)”可知，在小睡后要给自己足够的时间来清醒，A项“给自己一点时间醒来。”符合，故选A。
17．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hong指出，机器人是一种智能机器，能够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作。A. unwilling不乐意的；B. unlucky不幸运的；C. confident自信的；D. free自由的。由上文“Robots, Hong notes, are intelligent machines that do the work humans are often unable or”和常识可知，机器人能够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作。故选A。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当他七岁的时候，他被一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻。A. protected保护；B. impressed给……留下印象；C. comforted安慰；D. supported支持。由下文“by two robots in a movie.”和下文提到的他成为工程师可知，他对一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻，立志成为工程师，be impressed by固定搭配，意为“对……印象深刻”，故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开车回家的路上，他告诉父母他要成为一名工程师。A. engineer工程师；B. astronaut宇航员；C. hairdresser理发师；D. teacher老师。由下文“what engineering actually is”可知，他要成为一名工程师，故选A。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着Hong长大，他开始了解工程学究竟是什么。A. change改变；B. doubt怀疑；C. remember记住；D. learn学习，了解。由下文“what engineering actually is.”和上文提到的他要成为工程师可知，要想成为工程师，得需要了解工程学究竟学什么，故选D。
21．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他上小学的时候，他忽略了数学。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. understood理解；C. ignored忽视；D. chose选择。由下文“He got all A’s in science, but his math result was really”和“ Even though he disliked math,”可知，他不喜欢数学，所以此处指忽略了数学，故选C。
22．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的科学成绩全是A，但他的数学成绩真的不令人满意。A. familiar熟悉的；B. perfect完美的；C. unsatisfactory不满意的；D. irregular不规则的。由上文“He got all A’s in science, but his math result was really”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，他科学一直很好，但是数学成绩不令人不满意，下文“Even though he disliked math”也是提示，故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲告诉他，工程师们用科学作为工具，用数学作为语言来解决世界上的问题。A. secret秘密；B. tool工具；C. belief信任；D. goal目标。由上文“engineers solve problems in the world by using science as a”可知，工程师使用科学作为工具。故选B。
24．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他不喜欢数学，但他意识到他必须更加努力地学习才能实现成为一名工程师的梦想。A. dream梦想；B. order顺序；C. question问题；D. recommendation推荐。根据上文提到的他想成为一名工程师可知，此处指成为工程师是他的梦想。故选A。
25．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hong认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间。A. truths事实；B. responsibilities责任；C. ideas主意，想法；D. principles原则。由下文“His three-legged robot STriDER”可知，他发明了一个三条腿的机器人，这很有创意，由此可知，此处指创意，想法来自任何地方和任何时间，故选C。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的三足机器人STriDER就是一个很好的例子。A. image图像；B. sign标志；C. example例子；D. wish愿望。上文提到Hong认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间，结合下文他描述自己发明三足机器人的经历可知，他用自己发明的三足机器人来证明此观点，由此可知，此处指他的三足机器人 STriDER 就是一个很好的例子，故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意： 有一次，他看见一位老太太在编头发。A. rope绳子；B. cloth布料；C. sweater毛衣；D. hair头发。由下文“the hair started to look like legs for Hong”可知，此处指编头发，hair是同词复现，故选D。
28．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然间，对于Hong来说，头发变得像腿一样。A. Absolutely绝对；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Originally最初；D. Exactly准确地。上文“Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her”提到老妇人在编头发，Hong突然间出现了灵感，这三股头发对于他来说就像三条腿，随后发明了三足机器人，故选B。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 他最终以编发为灵感设计了STriDER。A. gave up放弃；B. ended up结束；C. kept on继续；D. put off推迟。上文“the hair started to look like legs for Hong”提到Hong看到老妇人将头发分成三股编头发，突然间灵感来了，三股头发对于他就像三条腿，最终他发明了机器人STriDER，故选B。
30．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hong说，社交媒体上的人们渴望看到他的成功，而不是他们之前的一次次失败。A. arguments争论；B. adventures冒险；C. failures失败；D. performances表演。由上文“Hong said that people on social media are eager to see his successes, not the”和“that came before them”以及“if the robot doesn’t fall”可知，在STriDER机器人成功设计出来之前，它会摔倒，这说明成功之前会有一次次的失败，故选C。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果机器人没有摔倒或摔坏，他就不会学到任何东西。A. break摔碎；B. protest抗议；C. hesitate犹豫；D. disappear消失。由上文“if the robot doesn’t fall or”可知，在发明机器人时，机器人会出故障，即摔倒或摔碎，但是这会让设计者从中学到很多，故选A。
32．答案：①who②was published③as④meaningful⑤based⑥a⑦and⑧to play⑨especially⑩elements
解析：
①考查定语从句。句意：9月14日，讲述女烈士江竹筠（又名江姐）故事的音乐剧《江姐》在重庆首演。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jiang Zhuyun，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导从句。故填who。
②考查时态语态。句意：江1920年出生于四川省，19岁时加入中国共产党，因1961年出版的革命小说《红岩》而闻名。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，由in 1961可知，时态应用一般过去时，which指代先行词the revolutionary novel Hong Yan，主语与publish之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was published。
③考查介词。句意：小说将重庆描述为故事发生的主要城市。分析句子可知，这里考查be describe as表“被描述为”，为固定搭配。故填as。
④考查形容词。句意：它使那里的首映式非常有意义。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语。故填meaningful。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：1964年，根据江的故事改编的歌剧《江姐》在北京首演，受到广大观众的欢迎。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语， an opera, Jiang Jie与base之间为被动关系，所以空处应用过去分词形式作状语。故填based。
⑥考查冠词。句意：1964年，根据江的故事改编的歌剧《江姐》在北京首演，受到广大观众的欢迎。分析句子可知。这里表示“广大观众”，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词，且wide为辅音音素开始的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑦考查连词。句意：2017年，当这部歌剧被改编成新的歌剧时，当时25岁的歌手王被选中扮演这个角色，他刚刚大学毕业，并获得了全国最高音乐奖。分析句子可知，此空前后两句为并列关系，所以空处应用并列连词and。故填and。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，当这部歌剧被改编成新的歌剧时，当时25岁的歌手王被选中扮演这个角色，他刚刚大学毕业，并获得了全国最高音乐奖。分析句子可知，这里考查be chosen to do sth表“被选择做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to play。
⑨考查副词。句意：这部音乐剧以其音乐元素的多样性吸引了许多人，尤其是年轻人，包括摇滚、民谣和流行音乐。分析句子可知，此空应填副词especially，作状语，修饰the young“年轻人”，表示“尤其是年轻人”。故填especially。
⑩考查名词。句意：这部音乐剧以其音乐元素的多样性吸引了许多人，尤其是年轻人，包括摇滚、民谣和流行音乐。由后文rock, folk and pop music可知，这里指不同的音乐元素，所以应用复数形式。故填elements。
33．答案：
In order to promote heroes’ virtue and spread the positive energy, our school is scheduled to organize a heroes’ lecture in the school conference hall at 9:00 a.m this Saturday, when a number of heroes in our city will be invited to deliver speeches about heroic actions. All teachers and students are supposed to take part in the meeting on time, listen carefully, and write your impressions and thoughts on the heroic deeds after the lecture.
I am sure you will benefit a lot and feel inspired to learn from them as well as work harder in future. Looking forward to your arrival.
The Students’ Union
解析：1.词汇积累
为了： in order to →with the purpose of
计划：be scheduled to→be planned to
很多：a number of →plenty of
参加： take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All teachers and students are supposed to take part in the meeting on time, listen carefully, and write your impressions and thoughts on the heroic deeds after the lecture.
拓展句：It is required that all teachers and students should take part in the meeting on time, listen carefully, and write your impressions and thoughts on the heroic deeds after the lecture.
34．答案：
The next evening, Amy found her drawing tools were gone. She ran to ask her grandmother. Barely looking at Amy, Bonnie told her that they had been thrown away already. Amy was so heartbroken and angry that she couldn’t help but yell at her grandmother. “I hate you, Granny!” she yelled through her tears and then rushed out of the house. She could hear Bonnie calling after her, but she didn’t stop. Amy ran down the street and stopped by a shop, where her parents bought her drawing tools for the first time and encouraged her to study hard as well as draw well. A while later, she wiped her tear-stained cheeks and returned home with a determined heart.
Entering the house, Amy found Bonnie holding her drawing tools, crying. Amy apologized to her grandmother and promised to study hard in the future and never let her down or get angry again. Bonnie also said she was sorry to Amy for not living up to her parents’ expectations. She encouraged Amy to paint well and try to qualify for the painting course. Amy stayed up all night, trying to make her art perfect, and in the end, she did have a drawing she really liked. Mr. Henderson was very satisfied with the picture and Amy could learn under him for a whole summer.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天晚上，Amy发现她的绘画工具不见了。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶Bonnie将Amy的绘画工具都收起来了，这让Amy很生气，跑出去，来到了父母第一次给她买绘画工具的商店，她回想起父母要求她好好学习同时要画好画，意识到自己的问题，于是她决定回家。
②由第二段首句内容“走进房子，Amy发现邦妮拿着她的绘画工具在哭”可知，第二段可描写Bonnie和Amy互相谅解，Amy努力画了一幅自己满意的画，交给了Mr. Henderson，Mr. Henderson很满意，同意她参加今年夏天艺术培训项目。
2.续写线索：发现工具不见了——很生气，跑出去——回想起父母对自己的希冀——回家——道歉，互相谅解——努力绘画——画出一幅满意的画——同意参加夏天艺术培训项目
3.词汇激活行为类
①大喊： yell/shout
②回家：return home/go back home
③向某人道歉：apologize to sb./make an apology to sb.
情绪类
①心碎的：heartbroken/very sad
②生气的：angry/annoyed
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Entertaining Fall Festivals, Events and Activities
Duluth Fall Festival in Duluth, Georgia: Sept. 30—Oct. 2
The 40th yearly end-of-summer celebration takes place in downtown Duluth on the last weekend in September. This free event is run by a team of 300-plus volunteers. Attendees can wander around more than 180 vendors (摊贩) selling arts and crafts or catch a show at either of the two stages with 20-plus scheduled performances throughout the weekend. Kids can experience rides and games just for them, and anyone can enjoy the on-site carnival (嘉年华).
Fall for Greenville in Greenville, South Carolina: Oct. 12—15
Dozens of food and drink vendors set up for this yearly fall festival. Entry and entertainment are free, but attendees can buy Taste Tickets to try dishes prepared by local restaurants and exchange them for drinks, carnival rides and slides in the Kids’ Area. Dozens of free performances are given by local and national acts on stages throughout the weekend.
Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta in Albuquerque, New Mexico: Oct. 7—15
Well-known as the largest hot air balloon festival in the world, this annual autumn attraction has been around for more than half a century. Attendees can enjoy activities for which they will have to pay a fee. A full schedule of events keep attendees busy throughout each day with a series of themed balloon competitions. Additional activities include free live music performances, firework shows, and shopping and dining at vendors.
West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta in Tualatin, Oregon: Oct. 21—22
Tualatin draws people each October for a free festival with unique fall-themed activities. This year the event kicks off on Saturday with a competition of a giant vegetable weigh-off. The next day starts with a 5K run to raise money for scholarships for local students. Attendees then gather on the banks of Lake Tualatin to watch the festival’s main performance: the Giant Pumpkin Competition.
1．What is specially designed for children at Duluth Fall Festival
A. Live music. B. Some rides. C. The carnival. D. Firework shows.
2．What can Taste Tickets be used for
A. Attending different festivals. B. Enjoying drinks.
C. Shopping for clothes. D. Appreciating local performances.
3．Which festival lasts for the shortest time
A. Fall for Greenville.
B. Duluth Fall Festival.
C. West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta.
D. Albuquerque International Balloon Fiesta.
Booksellers have run their trade along the banks of the River Seine for about 450 years, their time-beaten green boxes a Paris tradition as treasured as freshly baked baguettes (法棍面包).
But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls (排位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.
One plan was for booksellers’ boxes to remain in place but they must be examined by the police first and sealed off (封锁) during the Olympic event, which would attract millions of visitors to the city—including many who would potentially visit their stalls. Another plan, considered even worse by booksellers, was to move the boxes elsewhere. As booksellers pit on, many bores have been is place for 30 or 40 years. Most are mused and all their parts are not strong enough.
Although the city’s government has offered to relocate the bookstalls and cover the cost of the move as well as repairing damaged stalls, booksellers say the lack of consultation over a decision affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful about the future.
Plus, there’s concern about what will happen when the Olympics are over. “Are they even going to offer us the same spots again after the games ” asked a bookseller. “I’m afraid that we get our boxes back either in a year, or maybe never, or with someone else’s things in them,” he said.
Booksellers worried that not only would moving the boxes be much more expensive for the capital, but a relocated book market wouldn’t work. “The stalls only make sense when they are on the banks of the Seine,” they said. The attraction and culture of the boxes is their age-worn character, their poetic shades of green.
4．What trouble are Paris booksellers facing now
A. Their stalls are considered as a risk for Paris.
B. They have to join in the Olympic opening ceremony.
C. Their stalls must be sealed off for the city’s development.
D. They may have to move their bookstalls for some reason.
5．Which is a measure of the government for bookstall
A. Covering the cost of repairing old bookstalls.
B. Building a new landmark for the bookstalls.
C. Replacing old bookstalls with new ones for free.
D. Attracting more customers for the bookstalls.
6．What idea do booksellers hold about their stalls
A. They are much too expensive. B. They must lie along the Seine.
C. They must be painted green. D. They are not a Paris landmark.
7．What is the best title for the text
A. Paris Bookstalls Being Moved for Safety Reasons
B. Paris Bookstalls Make the Banks of Seine Attractive
C. Arguments over the Location of Paris Bookstalls
D. Paris’s Preparation for Olympic Games 2024
Most educators know the basics of peer (同龄人) pressure. When peers are around, teenagers take more risks. For example, teenage males drive faster with other boys in the same car because the reward centers of teenagers’ brains are more active with peers than when alone.
However, risk taking in an educational context is an important skill that enables progress and creativity, which is just one of positive peer effects. People often talk about negative (消极的) peer effects but ignore many studies that show a lot of negative behavior of high school kids is discouraged by friends. There is a lot of very positive pressure that peers apply, like, “No, man, that’s stupid.” This prevention is one of the many underreported forms of peer effects.
In a 2018 study of college freshmen, researchers found that having friends with a higher willingness to study is predictive (预测的) of receiving higher freshman grades. Because the study looked at both assigned (指派的) roommate pairings and chosen friend groups, the researchers were able to show the effect wasn’t just a reflection of “selection bias”, with hard-working kids having already chosen to befriend each other. Hanging out with someone who’s hard-working, they concluded, caused teenagers to study for more hours and achieve higher grades. The findings prove previous research showing a connection between how a child views the importance of doing well in school and how their friends do. Similar effects have been proved for volunteer work and health-promotive behaviors, such as exercise.
What does all this mean for educators Effective students can definitely improve classroom situations. In one program, kids were trained to publicly encourage anti-conflict (反冲突) practice. Reports of student conflict dropped 30% over one year. To some extent, this success may lie in the fact that the program got kids’ help. Efforts that engage (使……参与) teens in actual, real-life tasks have been the most promising when it comes to changing the content of the values spread within teenager peer groups.
8．What can bring peer pressure to teenagers
A. Presence of their peers. B. Being cheated by their friends.
C. Encouragement from the elders. D. Stress response in difficult situations.
9．What is most people’s attitude to peer pressure
A. Appreciative. B. Unclear. C. Acceptable. D. Unsupportive.
10．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A. Love me, love my dog.
B. No competition, no progress.
C. Kids can be influenced by close association.
D. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.
11．How can peer pressure be applied to education
A. By sorting classroom activities.
B. By training students to keep away from conflict.
C. By discouraging students from choosing friends.
D. By leading students to positive social activities.
In the first test of its kind in Europe, and only the second in the world, Belgian researchers tested 39 brands of straws (吸管) for the group of synthetic (合成的) chemicals known as poly-and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The straws are made from five materials — paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic. PFAS were found in the majority of the straws tested and were most common in those made from paper and bamboo. They were not found only in steel straws tested.
PFAS are used to make everyday products, from outdoor clothing to non-stick pans, resistant (抵抗to water, heat and stains. They are, however, potentially harmful to people, wildlife and the environment. They have been related to a number of health problems, including lower response to vaccines (疫苗), lower birth weight, thyroid disease, liver damage, kidney cancer and testicular cancer. They break down very slowly over time and can last thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”.
A growing number of countries, including the UK and Belgium, have sopped the sale of single-use plastic products, including drinking straws, and plant-based versions have become popular. The PFAS concentrations (浓缩物) were low in them and, bear in mind that most people tend to only use straws occasionally, bringing a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time.
It isn’t known whether the PFAS were added to the straws by the producer for waterproofing or the PFAS were the result of contamination. Potential sources of contamination include the soil the plant-based materials were grown in and the water used in the production process. However, the presence of the chemicals in almost every brand of paper straws means it is likely that it was, in some cases, being used as a water-resistant coating, say the researchers.
12．Why are PFAS called “forever chemicals”
A. They are commonly seen in daily life.
B. They bring humans health problems.
C. They remain in the environment for long.
D. They can resist water, heat and stains.
13．How can PFAS harm people’s health
A. By bringing people air pollution.
B. By polluting humans’ food.
C. By building up little by little in humans’ body.
D. By making people addicted to drinking easily.
14．What does the underlined word “contamination” in the last paragraph mean
A. Pollution. B. Discovery. C. Experiment. D. Development.
15．What does the text mainly talk about
A. More and more countries give up single-use plastic products.
B. PFAS are widely used in the production of daily necessities.
C. Certain kinds of new synthetic chemicals were discovered.
D. Environment-friendly drinking straws are actually harmful.
二、七选五
16．The time of day and length of time you nap (打盹儿) can provide benefits or create problems. Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits. ①_______Take a nap if you’re experiencing new tiredness, if you’re about to experience sleep loss, such as a long travel day or workday or if you want to make naps a part of your daily routine. Here are four tips to make your naps more effective:
Set aside a certain amount of time. If you wake up feeling groggy (昏沉) after a nap, you’re sleeping too long. ②_______
Plan to take naps in the afternoon. ③_______This is because you’re likely to experience a lower level of sleepiness following lunch. You’re also more likely to avoid interference (打扰) with nighttime sleep if you nap around this time. However, some people may adjust their napping time to fit their work or school schedules.
Create a quiet environment. Some people struggle to sleep during the day, but there are measures you can take to help become more relaxed. Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference. ④_______Adjusting the room temperature to what is comfortable for you also can make your space more comfortable.
⑤_______Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.
A. Give yourself time to wake up.
B. The best time to nap is around 2 p.m. or 3 p.m.
C. A physical exam or sleep study may be necessary.
D. Talk with your health care team if you nap too much.
E. The proper nap length is between 15 and 30 minutes.
F. Find a quiet space with little light to improve your naps.
G. There are certain times when a nap may be more beneficial to your health.
三、完形填空（15空）
Dennis Hong designs and makes human-like robots. Robots, Hong notes, are intelligent machines that do the work humans are often unable or ____1____ to do.
When he was seven years old, he was ____2____ by two robots in a movie. On the way back home in the car, he told his parents that he was going to become a(n)____3____. As Hong became older, he started to ____4____ what engineering actually is. When he was in elementary school, he ____5____ math. He got all A’s in science, but his math result was really ____6____. His father told him that engineers solve problems in the world by using science as a ____7____ and mathematics as a language. Even though he disliked math, he realized that he had to study it harder to follow his ____8____ of becoming an engineer.
Hong thinks ____9____ come from everywhere and at any time. His three-legged robot STriDER is a fantastic ____10____. Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her ____11____. She had three strands (股) of it, and then put one strand through the other two. ____12____, the hair started to look like legs for Hong. He ____13____ designing STriDER after braided hair.
Hong said that people on social media are eager to see his successes, not the ____14____ that came before them. However, if the robot doesn’t fall or ____15____, he doesn’t get to learn anything.
17．A. unwilling B. unlucky C. confident D. free
18．A. protected B. impressed C. comforted D. supported
19．A. engineer B. astronaut C. hairdresser D. teacher
20．A. change B. doubt C. remember D. learn
21．A. enjoyed B. understood C. ignored D. chose
22．A. familiar B. perfect C. unsatisfactory D. irregular
23．A. secret B. tool C. belief D. goal
24．A. dream B. order C. question D. recommendation
25．A. truths B. responsibilities C. ideas D. principles
26．A. image B. sign C. example D. wish
27．A. rope B. cloth C. sweater D. hair
28．A. Absolutely B. Suddenly C. Originally D. Exactly
29．A. gave up B. ended up C. kept on D. put off
30．A. arguments B. adventures C. failures D. performances
31．A. break B. protest C. hesitate D. disappear
四、短文填空
32．Jiang Jie, a musical that tells the story of the female martyr (烈士), Jiang Zhuyun, ①_________ is also known as Jiang Jie, premiered (首映) in Chongqing on Sept. 14.
Born in 1920 in Sichuan Province, Jiang joined the Communist Party of China when she was 19, and became well-known thanks to the revolutionary novel Hong Yan, which②_________ (publish) in 1961. It records a group of communists and their heroic battle in Chongqing in 1949, on the eve of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.
“Chongqing was described in the novel③_________ the main city where the story took place. It made the premiere there very④_________ (meaning),” says singer Wang Li.
In 1964, an opera, Jiang Jie, ⑤_________ (base) on Jiang’s story, premiered in Beijing and became popular with⑥_________ wide audience. When the opera was adapted into a new one in 2017, Wang, then a 25-year-old singer who had just graduated from university⑦_________had won a top national music award, was chosen⑧_________ (play) the role. To date, she has performed the role more than 100 times.
The musical attracts many people, ⑨_________ (especial) the young, for its diversity of musical⑩_________ (element), including rock, folk and pop music.
五、书面表达
33．你校将组织全校师生参加“见义勇为事迹报告会(Heroes’ Lecture)”，请你代表学生会写一则通知，刊登在校英文报上。内容包括：
1. 报告时间及地点；
2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
六、读后续写
34．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Grandmother Bonnie called out to Amy as she finished setting the table and served them dinner. When Amy didn’t respond, Bonnie went to the young girl’s room and pushed the door open. Amy sat at her desk with her headphones on, drawing a picture.
“Are you drawing those strange pictures again ” Bonnie yelled. “Have you finished your homework Your teacher called me today and told me you’ve been ignoring her homework!” she shouted angrily.
Minutes later, Amy walked into the kitchen and quietly sat at the table. They began eating dinner in silence. Suddenly, the doorbell rang.
Bonnie answered the door to see a man in his early 40s standing outside. It turned out to be Mr. Henderson a famous New York-based cartoonist. He explained to Amy he received a letter with some pieces of her artwork and was so impressed with her talent. In fact, he wrote Amy letters, but never got an answer.
Amy noticed Bonnie moving nervously in her seat, and realized why the letters had never reached her. Her grandmother kept them hidden from her.
“I’ m here with an offer for Amy,” Mr. Henderson continued. “We are accepting applications for our arts training program this summer. I would personally teach the students the art of cartoons and everything related. For that, Amy needs to pass a test, and then she’ll have to spend her summer in New York learning under me. If everything goes well, she will be able to join my team later and seek her dream of art.”
“Really ” Amy was so excited. But Bonnie refused because she promised Amy’s late parents to raise their child well and make her an educated person. Mr. Henderson sighed and pulled out a file from his bag, “It’s a test. I know your Granny is against it, kid. But if you manage to finish it and hand it over to me by 10 a.m. the day after tomorrow, I can take it to my manager,” he added as he gave Amy an encouraging smile and left the house. Amy decided to finish the test after school the next day.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next evening, Amy found her drawing tools were gone.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Entering the house, Amy found Bonnie holding her drawing tools, crying.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Duluth Fall Festival in Duluth, Georgia: Sept. 30—Oct. 2部分中的“Kids can experience rides and games just for them, and anyone can enjoy the on-site carnival (嘉年华).(孩子们可以体验乘骑和游戏，任何人都可以享受现场嘉年华)”可知，德卢斯秋季节特别为孩子们设计了一些乘骑项目，故选B。
2．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据Fall for Greenville in Greenville, South Carolina: Oct. 12—15部分中的“attendees can buy Taste Tickets to try dishes prepared by local restaurants and exchange them for drinks, carnival rides and slides in the Kids’ Area. (参加者可以购买品尝票，尝试由当地餐馆准备的菜肴，并交换饮料，嘉年华游乐设施和幻灯片在儿童区。)”可知，品尝票可以用来享受饮料。故选B。
3．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一个活动的时间“Sept. 30—Oct. 2(9月30-10月2日)”，第二个活动的时间“Oct. 12—15(10月12—15日)”，第三个活动的节目“Oct. 7—15(10月7—15日)”和第四个活动的时间“Oct. 21—22(10月21—22日)”可知，West Coast Giant Pumpkin Regatta这个活动持续时间最短，只有两天，故选C。
4．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls (排位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.(但这段法国历史现在正处于一场风暴的中心，此前该市警方以“安全原因”为由，命令书商及其摊位搬迁，以便为2024年夏季奥运会开幕式让路。)”可知，巴黎的书商现在面临的麻烦是：他们可能因为某些原因而不得不将他们的书摊搬走，故选D。
5．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Although the city’s government has offered to relocate the bookstalls and cover the cost of the move as well as repairing damaged stalls, booksellers say the lack of consultation over a decision affecting a Paris landmark has left them fearful about the future.(尽管巴黎市政府已提出重新安置这些书摊，并承担搬迁费用以及修复受损的书摊，但书商们表示，在影响巴黎一个地标性建筑的决定上缺乏协商，让他们对未来感到担忧。)”可知，政府对于书摊采取的措施是：承担旧书摊的维修费用。故选A。
6．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中““The stalls only make sense when they are on the banks of the Seine,” they said. (他们表示:“只有在塞纳河岸边，摊位才有意义”。)”可知，书商认为他们的摊位必须位于塞纳河边，故选B。
7．答案： A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“But this piece of French history is now at the center of a storm after the city’s police ordered that the booksellers and their stalls (排位) be relocated for “safety reasons” to make way for the opening ceremony of the Summer Olympic Games in 2024.(但这段法国历史现在正处于一场风暴的中心，此前该市警方以“安全原因”为由，命令书商及其摊位搬迁，以便为2024年夏季奥运会开幕式让路。)”可知，文章主要介绍了目前巴黎警方以“安全为由”，要求位于巴黎塞纳河畔拥有450年历史的书摊搬迁，以便为2024年巴黎夏季奥运会的开幕式让路，这引起了书商们的不满。A项“巴黎书摊因安全原因搬迁”适合做文章标题，故选A。
8．答案： A
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“When peers are around, teenagers take more risks. (当同龄人在场时，青少年会冒更大的风险。)”和第二段中“There is a lot of very positive pressure that peers apply, like, “No, man, that’s stupid.”(同龄人会施加很多非常积极的压力，比如“不，伙计，这太愚蠢了。”)”可知，当同龄人在场时会给青少年带来同伴压力。故选A。
9．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“People often talk about negative (消极的) peer effects but ignore many studies that show a lot of negative behavior of high school kids is discouraged by friends.(人们经常谈论消极的同伴效应，但是忽略了很多研究，这些研究表明高中生的消极行为是被朋友们劝阻的)”可知，大多数人对同伴压力的态度是消极的，即不支持的，故选D。
10．答案： C
解析：主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据该段中的“In a 2018 study of college freshmen, researchers found that having friends with a higher willingness to study is predictive (预测的) of receiving higher freshman grades. (在2018年一项针对大学新生的研究中，研究人员发现，拥有更愿意学习的朋友可以预测大一新生会得到更高的分数)”可知，第三段主要介绍了孩子会受到亲密关系的影响。故选C。
11．答案： D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Efforts that engage (使……参与) teens in actual, real-life tasks have been the most promising when it comes to changing the content of the values spread within teenager peer groups.(当涉及改变青少年同龄人群中传播的价值观的内容时，让青少年参与实际的、真实的任务的努力是最有希望的)”可推知，要通过积极的社会活动，在学生中传播正确的人生价值观，故选D。
12．答案： C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“They break down very slowly over time and can last thousands of years in the environment, a property that has led to them being known as “forever chemicals”.(随着时间的推移，它们分解得非常缓慢，可以在环境中持续数千年，这一特性使它们被称为“永远的化学品”)”可知，PFAS在环境中能够持续数千年，分解非常缓慢，这是它被称为“永远的化学品”的原因。故选C。
13．答案： C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句话“The PFAS concentrations (浓缩物) were low in them and, bear in mind that most people tend to only use straws occasionally, bringing a limited risk to human health. However, PFAS can remain in the body for many years and concentrations can build up over time.(它们中的PFAS浓度很低，请记住，大多数人往往只是偶尔使用吸管，给人类健康带来的风险有限。然而，PFAS可以在体内停留多年，浓度会随着时间的推移而增加)”可推知，PFAS能够在体内停留多年，随着时间的推移而增加，从而影响人的健康。故选C。
14．答案： A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线单词后面的句子“Potential sources of contamination include the soil the plant-based materials were grown in and the water used in the production process. (潜在的污染源包括植物性材料生长的土壤和生产过程中使用的水)”可知，人们不确定PFAS是被生产商为了防水而添加到吸管中的，还是它本身就是污染的结果。污染源包括土壤和生产中使用的水。所以划线单词的意思是“污染”。故选A。
15．答案： D
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段最后三句话“The straws are made from five materials — paper, bamboo, glass, stainless steel and plastic. PFAS were found in the majority of the straws tested and were most common in those made from paper and bamboo. They were not found only in steel straws tested.(吸管由五种材料制成——纸张、竹子、玻璃、不锈钢和塑料。PFAS在大多数测试的吸管中发现，在纸和竹子制成的吸管中最常见。它们不仅在测试的钢吸管中被发现)”以及全文可知，文章主要介绍了用纸和竹子等植物材料制成的吸管，通常人们认为它们比塑料制成的吸管更可持续、更环保。然而，这些吸管中PFAS的存在意味着它们看似环保，但确是有害的。故选D。
16．答案：①-⑤GEBFA
解析：
①上文“Knowing when to nap and providing yourself with a suitable napping environment will produce the greatest benefits.(知道什么时候小睡，并为自己提供一个合适的小睡环境将产生最大的好处。)”指出小睡对你有好处，空处承接上文，继续描述小睡的好处，G项“有些时候，小睡可能对你的健康更有益。”符合，故选G。
②上文“If you wake up feeling groggy (昏沉) after a nap, you’re sleeping too long.(如果你在小睡后醒来感到头昏眼花，说明你睡得太久了。)”指出小睡的时间太久会让你感到头昏眼花，所以不要花太长时间小睡，空处承接上文，介绍合适的小睡时间，E项“适当的小睡时间在15到30分钟之间。”符合语境，故选E。
③上文“Plan to take naps in the afternoon.(计划在下午小睡一会儿。)”是本段主题句，由此可知，本段主要介绍了小睡最好在下午，B项“午小睡的最佳时间是下午2点或3点左右。”符合，具体介绍了下午小睡的时间，故选B。
④根据本段首句“Create a quiet environment.(创造一个安静的环境。)”和上文“Turning off any screens, such as your phone, will make you avoid interference. (关闭所有屏幕，比如手机，可以避免干扰。)”可知，要找一个安静，没有光线的地方小睡，F项“找一个安静、光线不足的地方来改善你的小睡。”符合，故选F。
⑤根据下文“Allowing yourself enough time to wake up before continuing activities after your nap is important, as you may feel groggy.(在小睡后继续活动之前，给自己足够的时间醒来是很重要的，因为你可能会感到头昏眼花。)”可知，在小睡后要给自己足够的时间来清醒，A项“给自己一点时间醒来。”符合，故选A。
17．答案：A
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hong指出，机器人是一种智能机器，能够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作。A. unwilling不乐意的；B. unlucky不幸运的；C. confident自信的；D. free自由的。由上文“Robots, Hong notes, are intelligent machines that do the work humans are often unable or”和常识可知，机器人能够完成人类通常无法或不愿意完成的工作。故选A。
18．答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意： 当他七岁的时候，他被一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻。A. protected保护；B. impressed给……留下印象；C. comforted安慰；D. supported支持。由下文“by two robots in a movie.”和下文提到的他成为工程师可知，他对一部电影中的两个机器人印象深刻，立志成为工程师，be impressed by固定搭配，意为“对……印象深刻”，故选B。
19．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在开车回家的路上，他告诉父母他要成为一名工程师。A. engineer工程师；B. astronaut宇航员；C. hairdresser理发师；D. teacher老师。由下文“what engineering actually is”可知，他要成为一名工程师，故选A。
20．答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着Hong长大，他开始了解工程学究竟是什么。A. change改变；B. doubt怀疑；C. remember记住；D. learn学习，了解。由下文“what engineering actually is.”和上文提到的他要成为工程师可知，要想成为工程师，得需要了解工程学究竟学什么，故选D。
21．答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他上小学的时候，他忽略了数学。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. understood理解；C. ignored忽视；D. chose选择。由下文“He got all A’s in science, but his math result was really”和“ Even though he disliked math,”可知，他不喜欢数学，所以此处指忽略了数学，故选C。
22．答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的科学成绩全是A，但他的数学成绩真的不令人满意。A. familiar熟悉的；B. perfect完美的；C. unsatisfactory不满意的；D. irregular不规则的。由上文“He got all A’s in science, but his math result was really”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，他科学一直很好，但是数学成绩不令人不满意，下文“Even though he disliked math”也是提示，故选C。
23．答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲告诉他，工程师们用科学作为工具，用数学作为语言来解决世界上的问题。A. secret秘密；B. tool工具；C. belief信任；D. goal目标。由上文“engineers solve problems in the world by using science as a”可知，工程师使用科学作为工具。故选B。
24．答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管他不喜欢数学，但他意识到他必须更加努力地学习才能实现成为一名工程师的梦想。A. dream梦想；B. order顺序；C. question问题；D. recommendation推荐。根据上文提到的他想成为一名工程师可知，此处指成为工程师是他的梦想。故选A。
25．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hong认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间。A. truths事实；B. responsibilities责任；C. ideas主意，想法；D. principles原则。由下文“His three-legged robot STriDER”可知，他发明了一个三条腿的机器人，这很有创意，由此可知，此处指创意，想法来自任何地方和任何时间，故选C。
26．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的三足机器人STriDER就是一个很好的例子。A. image图像；B. sign标志；C. example例子；D. wish愿望。上文提到Hong认为想法来自任何地方和任何时间，结合下文他描述自己发明三足机器人的经历可知，他用自己发明的三足机器人来证明此观点，由此可知，此处指他的三足机器人 STriDER 就是一个很好的例子，故选C。
27．答案：D
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意： 有一次，他看见一位老太太在编头发。A. rope绳子；B. cloth布料；C. sweater毛衣；D. hair头发。由下文“the hair started to look like legs for Hong”可知，此处指编头发，hair是同词复现，故选D。
28．答案：B
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然间，对于Hong来说，头发变得像腿一样。A. Absolutely绝对；B. Suddenly突然地；C. Originally最初；D. Exactly准确地。上文“Once, he saw an elderly lady dealing with her”提到老妇人在编头发，Hong突然间出现了灵感，这三股头发对于他来说就像三条腿，随后发明了三足机器人，故选B。
29．答案：B
解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意： 他最终以编发为灵感设计了STriDER。A. gave up放弃；B. ended up结束；C. kept on继续；D. put off推迟。上文“the hair started to look like legs for Hong”提到Hong看到老妇人将头发分成三股编头发，突然间灵感来了，三股头发对于他就像三条腿，最终他发明了机器人STriDER，故选B。
30．答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hong说，社交媒体上的人们渴望看到他的成功，而不是他们之前的一次次失败。A. arguments争论；B. adventures冒险；C. failures失败；D. performances表演。由上文“Hong said that people on social media are eager to see his successes, not the”和“that came before them”以及“if the robot doesn’t fall”可知，在STriDER机器人成功设计出来之前，它会摔倒，这说明成功之前会有一次次的失败，故选C。
31．答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果机器人没有摔倒或摔坏，他就不会学到任何东西。A. break摔碎；B. protest抗议；C. hesitate犹豫；D. disappear消失。由上文“if the robot doesn’t fall or”可知，在发明机器人时，机器人会出故障，即摔倒或摔碎，但是这会让设计者从中学到很多，故选A。
32．答案：①who②was published③as④meaningful⑤based⑥a⑦and⑧to play⑨especially⑩elements
解析：
①考查定语从句。句意：9月14日，讲述女烈士江竹筠（又名江姐）故事的音乐剧《江姐》在重庆首演。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Jiang Zhuyun，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导从句。故填who。
②考查时态语态。句意：江1920年出生于四川省，19岁时加入中国共产党，因1961年出版的革命小说《红岩》而闻名。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，由in 1961可知，时态应用一般过去时，which指代先行词the revolutionary novel Hong Yan，主语与publish之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用was。故填was published。
③考查介词。句意：小说将重庆描述为故事发生的主要城市。分析句子可知，这里考查be describe as表“被描述为”，为固定搭配。故填as。
④考查形容词。句意：它使那里的首映式非常有意义。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语。故填meaningful。
⑤考查非谓语动词。句意：1964年，根据江的故事改编的歌剧《江姐》在北京首演，受到广大观众的欢迎。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语， an opera, Jiang Jie与base之间为被动关系，所以空处应用过去分词形式作状语。故填based。
⑥考查冠词。句意：1964年，根据江的故事改编的歌剧《江姐》在北京首演，受到广大观众的欢迎。分析句子可知。这里表示“广大观众”，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词，且wide为辅音音素开始的单词，前边应用不定冠词a。故填a。
⑦考查连词。句意：2017年，当这部歌剧被改编成新的歌剧时，当时25岁的歌手王被选中扮演这个角色，他刚刚大学毕业，并获得了全国最高音乐奖。分析句子可知，此空前后两句为并列关系，所以空处应用并列连词and。故填and。
⑧考查非谓语动词。句意：2017年，当这部歌剧被改编成新的歌剧时，当时25岁的歌手王被选中扮演这个角色，他刚刚大学毕业，并获得了全国最高音乐奖。分析句子可知，这里考查be chosen to do sth表“被选择做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to play。
⑨考查副词。句意：这部音乐剧以其音乐元素的多样性吸引了许多人，尤其是年轻人，包括摇滚、民谣和流行音乐。分析句子可知，此空应填副词especially，作状语，修饰the young“年轻人”，表示“尤其是年轻人”。故填especially。
⑩考查名词。句意：这部音乐剧以其音乐元素的多样性吸引了许多人，尤其是年轻人，包括摇滚、民谣和流行音乐。由后文rock, folk and pop music可知，这里指不同的音乐元素，所以应用复数形式。故填elements。
33．答案：
In order to promote heroes’ virtue and spread the positive energy, our school is scheduled to organize a heroes’ lecture in the school conference hall at 9:00 a.m this Saturday, when a number of heroes in our city will be invited to deliver speeches about heroic actions. All teachers and students are supposed to take part in the meeting on time, listen carefully, and write your impressions and thoughts on the heroic deeds after the lecture.
I am sure you will benefit a lot and feel inspired to learn from them as well as work harder in future. Looking forward to your arrival.
The Students’ Union
解析：1.词汇积累
为了： in order to →with the purpose of
计划：be scheduled to→be planned to
很多：a number of →plenty of
参加： take part in→participate in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All teachers and students are supposed to take part in the meeting on time, listen carefully, and write your impressions and thoughts on the heroic deeds after the lecture.
拓展句：It is required that all teachers and students should take part in the meeting on time, listen carefully, and write your impressions and thoughts on the heroic deeds after the lecture.
34．答案：
The next evening, Amy found her drawing tools were gone. She ran to ask her grandmother. Barely looking at Amy, Bonnie told her that they had been thrown away already. Amy was so heartbroken and angry that she couldn’t help but yell at her grandmother. “I hate you, Granny!” she yelled through her tears and then rushed out of the house. She could hear Bonnie calling after her, but she didn’t stop. Amy ran down the street and stopped by a shop, where her parents bought her drawing tools for the first time and encouraged her to study hard as well as draw well. A while later, she wiped her tear-stained cheeks and returned home with a determined heart.
Entering the house, Amy found Bonnie holding her drawing tools, crying. Amy apologized to her grandmother and promised to study hard in the future and never let her down or get angry again. Bonnie also said she was sorry to Amy for not living up to her parents’ expectations. She encouraged Amy to paint well and try to qualify for the painting course. Amy stayed up all night, trying to make her art perfect, and in the end, she did have a drawing she really liked. Mr. Henderson was very satisfied with the picture and Amy could learn under him for a whole summer.
解析：1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天晚上，Amy发现她的绘画工具不见了。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶Bonnie将Amy的绘画工具都收起来了，这让Amy很生气，跑出去，来到了父母第一次给她买绘画工具的商店，她回想起父母要求她好好学习同时要画好画，意识到自己的问题，于是她决定回家。
②由第二段首句内容“走进房子，Amy发现邦妮拿着她的绘画工具在哭”可知，第二段可描写Bonnie和Amy互相谅解，Amy努力画了一幅自己满意的画，交给了Mr. Henderson，Mr. Henderson很满意，同意她参加今年夏天艺术培训项目。
2.续写线索：发现工具不见了——很生气，跑出去——回想起父母对自己的希冀——回家——道歉，互相谅解——努力绘画——画出一幅满意的画——同意参加夏天艺术培训项目
3.词汇激活行为类
①大喊： yell/shout
②回家：return home/go back home
③向某人道歉：apologize to sb./make an apology to sb.
情绪类
①心碎的：heartbroken/very sad
②生气的：angry/annoyed
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