南阳一中 2023年秋期高二第四次月考
英语试题
一. 单句填空选择题（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. We admire the way ________ he solved the problem.
A. that B. which C. how D. what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们欣赏他解决问题的方式。定语从句修饰先行词way，可用that/in which/不填，结合选项。故选A。
2. He’s ________ a sum of money for his retirement.
A. put forward B. put aside C. put out D. put up
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他为退休存了一笔钱。A. put forward提出；B. put aside积蓄；C. put out扑灭；D. put up搭起，张贴。根据后文“a sum of money”可知，此处指存钱。故选B项。
3. Completely ________ in her new novel, the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours.
A. absorbing B. being absorbed C. absorbed D. to absorb
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位年轻的作家全神贯注于她的新小说，思考和写作了十几个小时。动词absorb和主语之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词作状语，absorbed已转化为形容词，表示状态；being absorbed强调动作在进行，不符合句意。故选C项。
4. Many visitors remained ________ in the airport, waiting to be rescued.
A. to be stuck B. stuck C. being stuck D. sticking
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词转化的形容词。句意：许多游客仍被困在机场等待救援。动词stick和主语之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词stuck作表语，已转化为形容词，表示“被困的状态”；不定式的被动式to be stuck有将来含义，现在分词的被动式being stuck强调动作在进行，均不符合句意。故选B项。
5. Try ________ they might, they could get no water, for it was too far down in the pot.
A. since B. as C. while D. although
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：尽管他们尽了最大的努力，他们还是没有水，因为水在锅里太深了。A. since自从，因为；B. as虽然，尽管；C. while然而，尽管；D. although虽然，尽管。根据句意可知，此处引导让步状语从句，as“尽管”引导让步状语从句，通常从句要部分倒装，although和while无此用法。故选B项。
6. My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A. by B. on C. for D. against
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查固定词组。句意：我的爸爸警告我不要去西海岸因为那里满是游客。”warn somebody against doing意思“警告…不要做”，根据be crowded with意思“满是”所以是警告不要去。故选D。
7. Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：科学家已经获得更多证据，塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成分，意思完整，且与evidence指代的是同一事件，用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
8. Hardly could he this amount of work in such a short time.
A. get through B. get off
C. get into D. get down
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他很难在这么短的时间内完成这么多工作。A. get through完成；B. get off下车；C. get into进入；D. get down使降低。根据空后this amount of work可知，此处指“完成工作”。故选A。
9. The teacher stressed again that the students should not _____ any important details while retelling the story.
A. bring out B. leave out C. let out D. make out
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：老师再次强调，学生在复述故事时，不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。A. bring out出版，生产；B. leave out遗漏；C. let out放出，泄露；D. make out理解，辨认出。结合The teacher stressed again可知，老师再次强调，学生在复述故事时，不应该遗漏任何重要的细节。故选B。
10. It was in 1866 ________ the Foochow Shipbuilding Institution in Fujian province was established.
A. when B. that C. which D. what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：是在1866年，福建省福州造船厂成立。A. when何时；B. that(无意义)C. which 哪个；D. what什么。分析可知，本句为强调句，强调部分为时间状语in 1866，故用that引导后面从句。故选B项。
二.单句语法填空（共10 小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. She took a deep breath, ________ (desperate) trying to keep calm. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】desperately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：她深吸了一口气，拼命想保持冷静。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰动词trying，desperate的副词为desperately意为“拼命地”符合句意。故填desperately。
12. Hardly had the alarm gone off when I ________(grab) my clothes and ran out. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】grabbed
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型、动词时态。句意：闹钟一响，我就抓起衣服跑了出去。hardly…when“一……就”是固定句型，when引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填grabbed。
13. It suddenly ________ (strike) me how we could improve the situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】struck
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我突然想到如何才能改善这种情况。根据后文could和句意可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填struck。
14. They found him ________(conscious) on the floor and rushed him to the hospital. (所给词适当形式填空)
【答案】unconscious
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们发现他躺在地上，昏迷不醒，赶紧把他送到了医院。根据后文rushed him to the hospital以及句意可知应填形容词unconscious，作宾补。故填unconscious。
15. My heart________(sink) when I saw how much work there was left. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】sank
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当我看到还有这么多工作要做时，我的心沉了下去。sink“(心情)低落，陷入(沮丧)”是主句谓语动词，与主语之间是主动关系，结合从句时态可知，讲述过去的事情，也用一般过去时态。故填sank。
16. He shook his head in ________ (believe) on hearing the shocking news. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】disbelief
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：听到这个令人震惊的消息，他怀疑地摇摇头。介词in后应用名词作宾语，根据前文shook his head可知，用其反义词disbelief(不可数)“怀疑”。故填disbelief。
17. ________(blanket) in snow, the rooftops looked magnificent. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Blanketed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：屋顶被雪覆盖着，显得富丽堂皇。looked是谓语，空格处应填非谓语动词作状语，主语the rooftops和动词blanket之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Blanketed。
18. We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps ________ (mix) with our laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】mixed
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我们可以听到雨声，脚步声中夹杂着我们的笑声。空处为非谓语动词，the sound of the rain and our footsteps与mix为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填mixed。
19. Her voice was shaking ________ all her efforts to control it. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】despite
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管她尽力控制住了声音，但声音还是在颤抖。分析句子可知，空格处应填入介词。根据句意，此处是让步关系，应用despite，意为“尽管；即使”。故填despite。
【点睛】
20. ________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. （用适当的词填空）
【答案】Unless
【解析】
【详解】考查条件状语从句。句意：除非你能睡好，否则一两个晚上之后，你就不能集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性。根据句意可知，此处是条件状语从句，unless意为“除非，如果不”符合句意，句首大写。故填Unless。
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
A
Four Best Museums in Hong Kong
Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum
Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum is the city’s first museum to only focus on biodiversity. It houses over 15,000 specimens (标本) of various animals and plants, with some specimens dating as far back as the early 1920s. Aside from promoting environmental education and the appreciation of biodiversity, it also supports scientific research on threatened species, providing a platform for the public to learn more about the preservation and importance of biodiversity and ecosystems.
Opening hours: Wednesday: 2:00 pm—8:45 pm Saturday to Sunday: 10:30 am—5:15 pm
Hong Kong Science Museum
This exciting institution offers a series of engaging interactive exhibits. There are 10permanent exhibition halls in total, covering different areas of science such as biodiversity, light and sounds, earth science and more. Don’t miss out on the 22-metre-high energy machine that produces awesome audiovisual effects as it demonstrates various forms of energy.
Opening hours: Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Fridays: 10: 00 am—7: 00 pm
Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays: 10:00 am—9:00 pm
Liang Yi Museum
This four-storey private museum is all about design, craftsmanship and heritage. It is home to impressive collections of Chinese antique furniture from the Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as a collection of historic pieces that tell the bygone era of Europe.
Opening hours: from Tuesday to Saturday: 10: 00 am—6: 00 pm
Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb (墓) Museum
Discovered in 1955 during construction work, the declared monument (纪念碑) is believed to be a tomb built in the Eastern Han dynasty (AD 25—220). Though the actual tomb is closed to the public for the conservation reason, you can still get a pretty clear view of the tomb structure through a glass panel. Go to the exhibition hall next door to see items unearthed from the tomb and learn more about the history behind the monument.
Opening hours: from Monday to Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm (closed on Thursdays)
21. What does Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum offer
A. A huge collection of Chinese antique furniture.
B. Access to interaction with living animals and plants.
C. Support for scientific research on threatened species.
D. An exhibition of species from the nineteenth century.
22 Which museum can you visit if you are available on Thursday
A. Liang Yi Museum. B. Hong Kong Science Museum.
C. Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museurn. D. Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum.
23. What can you do at Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museum
A. Look at and touch the actual tomb. B. Visit an exhibition about the tomb.
C. Learn about the history of biodiversity. D. Operate a 22-metre-high energy machine.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了香港的四个博物馆的特点及其开放时间。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum”部分的句子“Aside from promoting environmental education and the appreciation of biodiversity, it also supports scientific research on threatened species, providing a platform for the public to learn more about the preservation and importance of biodiversity and ecosystems.(除了推广环境教育和重视生物多样性外，它亦支持对濒危物种的科学研究，为公众提供一个平台，了解保护生物多样性和生态系统的重要性。)”可知，Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum会向关于濒危物种的科学研究提供支持，故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Liang Yi Museum”部分的“Opening hours: from Tuesday to Saturday: 10: 00 am—6: 00 pm(开放时间：星期二至星期六上午10:00至下午6:00)”可知，Liang Yi Museum周四开放，故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb (墓) Museum”部分“Go to the exhibition hall next door to see items unearthed from the tomb and learn more about the history behind the monument.(去隔壁的展厅看看墓中出土的物品，了解更多纪念碑背后的历史)”可知, 你在Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museum可以参观展出古墓出土物的展览，故选B项。
B
The United Arab Emirates is a small country with big ambitions. Possibly, nowhere is clearer than in its space program, which has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing (探测) the atmosphere around Mars.
The country, over 50 years old, marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Alneyadi returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station. It was the longest space mission conducted by an Arab astronaut. Alneyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS.
Alneyadi, 42, was part of a four-person NASA Crew-6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 186 days in space, Alneyadi’s time aboard the ISS highlights the country’s regional edge in space exploration.
“For me, it was a dream that had come true. It was really amazing, especially for my region,” Alneyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS. “I felt that I’m responsible for showing what’s happening aboard the station. I think it’s a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”
The father of six and longtime military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth.
The UAE’s president, Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed, referred to Alneyadi as “my son” in a post congratulating him on his achievement. He said, “Alneyadi’s journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity’s scientific and civilized march.”
Alneyadi, a Ph. D. holder in information technology, beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE, passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months. He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut.
In one of his final social media posts from space, Alneyadi wrote, “Space, this is not a goodbye, I will see you later, whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.”
24. What does Alneyadi say about his space exploration
A. It makes him responsible. B. It is inspiring in his region.
C. It marks a milestone in space walks. D. It is an unrealistic space mission.
25. Why did the UAE’s president call Alneyadi his son
A. To express his humor. B. To maintain their relationship.
C. To show his pride in Alneyadi. D. To thank Alneyadi’s family.
26. What is paragraph 7 mainly about
A. How Alneyadi struggled for his dream. B. Why Alneyadi dreamt to be an astronaut.
C. Why Alneyadi became popular worldwide. D. How Alneyadi obtained his academic degrees.
27. What does Alneyadi plan to do in the future
A. Say goodbye to space. B. Become an Internet influencer.
C. Work on building a new ISS. D. Continue his space exploration.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。阿联酋的宇航员Sultan Alneyadi在国际空间站工作了六个月后，于周一乘坐SpaceX的太空舱返回地球。这对于这个拥有50多年历史的国家来说是一个里程碑, 这是阿拉伯宇航员进行的时间最长的太空任务，Sultan Alneyadi也成为第一个在国际空间站外进行太空行走的中东人。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“I felt that I’m responsible for showing what’s happening aboard the station. I think it’s a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region. (我觉得我有责任展示空间站上发生的一切。我认为这有助于在我们的地区传播热情。)”可知，Alneyadi认为他的太空之旅是鼓舞人心的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The father of six and longtime military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth. (他是六个孩子的父亲，长期担任军事工程师，自从返回地球后，他被誉为阿联酋的民族英雄。)”及第六段中“Alneyadi’s journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity’s scientific and civilized march. (Alneyadi的旅程表明，我们有能力为人类的科学文明进程作出积极贡献。)”可知，阿联酋总统称Alneyadi为“儿子”是为了表明他为Alneyadi 感到骄傲。故选C项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段中“For me, it was a dream that had come true. (对我来说，这是一个梦想成真了。)”和第七段“Alneyadi, a Ph. D. holder in information technology, beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE, passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months. He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut. (Alneyadi是一名信息技术博士，他在阿联酋击败了数千名候选人，通过了无数的身体和心理测试，以确保他能够承受在太空中呆上几个月的身体和精神压力。然后他在俄罗斯和美国接受训练，成为一名宇航员。)”可知，本段主要描述 Alneyadi为实现他的太空梦做出的努力。故选A项。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Space, this is not a goodbye, I will see you later, whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination. (太空，这不是告别，我们以后再见，无论是在国际空间站的新任务中，还是在更远的目的地。)”可知，Alneyadi未来会继续进行太空探索。故选D项。
C
The clock always seems to be ticking rather too fast in the doctor’s office and the queue of patients outside the door seems to be pressing rather too hard. Some say it’s high time for the model of short, sharp one-to-one appointments to give way to shared medical appointments (SMAs共享医疗预约).
SMAs are doctor-patient visits in which a group of patients receive patient education and counseling(咨询), physical examination and medical support in a group setting. Typically SMAs are designed to have one or more doctors attend to a group of patients who share a common illness or medical condition. In contrast to one-to-one visits, SMAS provide a longer appointment time-frame as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers.
However, doctors who have pioneered the shared appointment approach report that there are significant challenges involved. Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic,identifies culture change as the most significant challenge. Physicians and nurses are trained in a model of personal service and privacy; the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas. They need shared goals and a way of testing the innovation against agreed standards. Dr. Sumego says, “The physicians may be worried about the possible chaos and efficiencies that are marketed. They also have to make the patients understand what their appointment is, and what the expectation is.”
“So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians, develop the work-flow and develop some experience. Provide some support behind what that best practice should look like. Create some standards so that, as the concept spreads, you can employ that experience to start the next shared medical appointments and the next.”
28. What is the purpose of the SMA approach
A. To improve medical service. B. To promote doctors’ reputation.
C. To conduct medical research. D. To meet patients’ expectation.
29. According to Dr. Sumego, what prevents the SMA approach from being widely adopted
A. Personal service. B. Fixed ideas.
C. Lack of equipment. D. Shared goals.
30. What can the underlined “buy-in”in Paragraph 4 be replaced by
A. practice. B. organization.
C. purchase. D. support.
31. What can be learned about the SMA approach in the last paragraph
A. It is currently being questioned. B. It is impractical in some areas.
C. It will enjoy wide popularity soon. D. It should be carried out step by step.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了SMAs（共享医疗预约）模式，以及这种模式面临的挑战。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据In contrast to one-to-one visits, SMA provide a longer appointment time-frame as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers.可知SMAs模式为患者提供了更长的预约时间，也为患者提供了更好地与医生接触的机会，同时还能从同行那里获得额外的信息和支持。这说明SAMs的出现是为患者提供更好的医疗服务。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic,.. personal service and privacy; the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas.可知Dr. Sumego认为，文化转变是最大的挑战。医生和护士接受的是针对个人服务和隐私的培训; SMAs方法是对这些固定想法的根本挑战。也就是说，改变这些已经固定的想法是一种挑战，所以这些固定的想法会阻碍SMAs模式的推广，故选B项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments，I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians可知如果一个组织要寻求共享医疗模式的话，Dr. Sumego建议他们从一些优秀的医师开始他们的buy-in, 根据语境，A项（实践）最符合，也就是要从一些优秀的医师开始他们关于共享医疗的实践，故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians, develop the… appointments and the next.可知如果一个组织要开始SMAs，Dr. Sumego建议他们从一些优秀的医师开始，开发一些流程，积累一些经验。制定一些标准，以便随着概念的推广，他们可以利用这种经验开始下一次共享医疗预约然后将下次的经验用到下下次。这说明SMAs的实施需要一步一步来，不会一步到位。故选D项。
D
Many say artificial intelligence is the biggest invention since the Internet. The sudden rise of large language models like ChatGPT has fueled the publication to a higher level—AI will be the common language the world speaks and humans can build the Tower of Babel again. With the technology in hand, it seems spending thousands of hours to master a different tongue is simply a waste of time.
Duolingo’s co-founder and CEO Luis von Ahn has a different opinion. He said it’s still worthwhile for people to learn a new language despite the rapid advancement of AI powered translation technology in the past decade. “Computers are better than humans playing chess. And there are more people playing chess now than there’s ever been,” said von Ahn. “People just want to do certain things even if computers are good at it.
According to Duolingo’s research, the majority of new language learners agreed learning a new language could make travelling a better experience and more fun; and 80 percent think learning new languages will inspire them to be travelers with an adventurous spirit.
Luis von Ahn co-founded Duolingo in 2011, which offers customized learning exercises, immediate feedback and gamification(游戏化). The platform provides equal access with over 40 languages to everyone who wants to learn. Last year, the company even rolled out sessions for its first dialect language——Cantonese. The app attracted many Mandarin learners as well. Their primary motivation to try the language was for “intellectual development,” according to the company.
Duolingo has applied AI technology to the language learning platform since day one. With a powerful AI tool, it can provide conversations based on previous exchanges with the user to make language learning more natural. The AI can understand the sentences and react to the input from learners to keep the conversation going.
The goal for the language learning app for von Ahn himself, is to operate on par with a human tutor. He said Duolingo is already as effective as study in a classroom. “I think with AI, we’re getting closer and closer to being as good as a one-to-one human tutor,” he said.
32. The italic(斜体) part in paragraph 1 is to show that many people believe _______.
A. learning a second language is significant to humans
B. AI should not be used as a common language for humans
C. it is unnecessary for humans to learn different languages
D. humans are powerful enough to master different languages
33. Why do people want to learn a new language according to Duolingo’s CEO and research
A. Out of human nature. B. Thanks to the advancement of AI technology.
C. Out of pressure of travelling. D. Thanks to human’s increasing intelligence.
34. What does the underlined phrase “on par with” in paragraph 6 mean
A. in aid of B. instead of C. specially for D. as well as
35. What is the best title of this text
A. People learn languages to enrich their life, not ruin it.
B. Duolingo uses AI to help language learning, not kill it.
C. With Duolingo, learning a second language is time-consuming.
D. Helped by Duolingo more people are learning a new language.
【答案】32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Duolingo使用人工智能来帮助语言学习，对语言学习非常有效。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“The sudden rise of large language models like ChatGPT has fueled the publication to a higher level—AI will be the common language the world speaks and humans can build the Tower of Babel again. With the technology in hand, it seems spending thousands of hours to master a different tongue is simply a waste of time. (像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型的突然兴起将该出版物推向了一个更高的水平——人工智能将成为世界通用语言，人类可以再次建造巴别塔。有了这项技术，花费数千小时去掌握一种不同的语言似乎只是在浪费时间。)”可知，斜体部分是为了表明许多人相信人类没有必要学习不同的语言。故选C项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“According to Duolingo’s research, the majority of new language learners agreed learning a new language could make travelling a better experience and more fun; and 80 percent think learning new languages will inspire them to be travelers with an adventurous spirit. (根据Duolingo的研究，大多数新的语言学习者同意学习一门新的语言可以使旅行变得更好的体验和更多的乐趣；80% 的人认为学习新的语言将激发他们成为具有冒险精神的旅行者。)”并结合选项可知，人们想学习一门新的语言是出于人的本性。故选A项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。划线词句后文“He said Duolingo is already as effective as study in a classroom.(他说，Duolingo已经像在课堂上学习一样有效。)”说明Duolingo已经和课堂上学习一样好了，从而推知划线词句“The goal for the language learning app for von Ahn himself, is to operate on par with a human tutor.(von Ahn自己开发的语言学习应用程序的目标是，能够像人类家庭教师on par with工作。)”其中划线短语意思是“一样好地”。故选D项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段中“He said Duolingo is already as effective as study in a classroom. (他说，Duolingo已经像在课堂上学习一样有效。)”以及“I think with AI, we’re getting closer and closer to being as good as a one-to-one human tutor.( 我认为，有了人工智能，我们越来越接近于成为一对一的人类家庭教师。)”可知，本文主要介绍了Duolingo使用人工智能来帮助语言学习，对语言学习非常有效。B“Duolingo使用人工智能来帮助语言学习，而不是扼杀它。”符合主题，适合做标题，故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy, ___36___ According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind
My first exposure to positive self-talk was reading The Little Engine That Could. Do you remember that book from your childhood While trying to make it up a big hill, the little engine keeps saying to himself, “I think I can, I think I can.” And of course, he makes it. ___37___
Positive self-talk is one of the most valuable tools you can use to keep yourself physically and mentally balanced. Many Olympic and professional athletes use it every time they practice or compete.
___38___ My own personal favorite is “I’m okay”. Back when I was in the movie business. I used to work with the stunt (特技) team. I was told that one of their simple but effective secrets was to stay loose and talk to their body. I had the chance to try it out one day. My apartment was on the second floor of a duplex (复式公寓), and one rainy day I slipped on the top step and started falling over. Then I just kept telling myself, “I’m okay.” ___39___ There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.
Positive self-talk can also help you calm down from anxiety and feel less sad. There was a period of time when I felt upset. Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, “Hi, Barton. You’re going to have a good day today.” ___40___ When I did it throughout the day, fewer things would bother me, and I became friendlier to myself.
A. In fact, that’s not always the case.
B. Much to my surprise, I was just fine
C. It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.
D. Instead, there are several different types of self-talk.
E. You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.
F. When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.
G. That was an opportunity for me to try something challenging.
【答案】36. A 37. C 38. F 39. B 40. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者主要通过自身经历说明了积极的自我对话的好处。
【36题详解】
前文提到“We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy”（我们都听说过，如果你自言自语，你就疯了。），及空后“According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind”（根据研究，以积极的方式自言自语实际上对你的大脑非常健康）可知，说明以健康的方式进行自言自语是对自身有帮助的，由此判断该空所填内容与前一句构成转折关系，A项“In fact, that’s not always the case.”（事实上，情况并非总是如此）符合文意，与上文构成转折关系。故选A。
【37题详解】
根据本段中作者讲述的《勇敢的小火车头》这本书的内容可知，小火车头通过自我鼓励成功爬上了大山，这使作者颇受启发。因此，作者认为这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵经验。C项“It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.”（这是值得我们学习和记住的宝贵一课。）总结了该段内容，符合文意。故选C。
【38题详解】
根据空后“My own personal favorite is ‘I’m okay’. ”（我个人最喜欢的口头禅是“我很好”。）可知，作者认为人们在进行积极的自我对话时，表达越简单越好。F项“When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.”（当谈到积极的自我对话时，越简单越好。）提到积极的自我对话就是越简单越好，与作者提到的自我对话“我很好”相符，F项符合文意。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据空后“There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.”（我没事我的腿上只有几处抓痕。直到今天，我仍然相信，正是这种简单而积极的自我对话帮助我避免了受重伤。）可知，作者简单的积极自我对话让自己避免了更严重的伤害。B项“Much to my surprise, I was just fine”（令我非常惊讶的是, 我并无大碍）符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选B。
【40题详解】
根据空前“Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, ‘Hi, Barton, You’re going to have a good day today.’”（每天早晨醒来，我对自己说:“你好，巴顿。你今天会过得很愉快的。”）可知，作者之所以这么做，是在潜意识地让自己变得积极起来，其实是在向大脑发出指令——要让自己感觉很棒。E项“You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.”（我一直在让自己的大脑感觉良好。）提到了作者让自己的大脑习惯积极的做法。符合文意。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rico, a friendly and caring cat, has become an unexpected ___41___ of comfort and support for injured kittens (小猫) in a veterinary clinic in Casablanca, Morocco.
While resident cats in veterinary clinics are not ___42___, Rico’s devotion goes above and beyond. He can often be found curled up (蜷缩) next to young patients, purring (发呼噜声) softly and offering them a sense of ___43___ during what can be a stressful time. The clinic’s staff has ___44___ that the injured kittens seem to relax and ___45___ more quickly when Rico is ___46___.
It seems that Rico ___47___ the needs of these tiny patients better than anyone else. His caring nature shines through as he ___48___ interacts with them. His ___49___ is truly comforting in a place that can be filled with ____50____ for both animals and their human ____51____.
Rico’s story is a reminder of the incredible ____52____ that can exist between human beings and animals and the comfort they can ____53____ to one another, even in unexpected places like a veterinary clinic. It also proves how ____54____ being caring is and that kindness knows no bounds, not even ____55____.
41. A. challenger B. trap C. receiver D. source
42. A. uncontrollable B. unchangeable C. uncommon D. unforgettable
43. A. humor B. silence C. pride D. security
44. A. warned B. regretted C. noticed D. imagined
45. A. recover B. escape C. perform D. scream
46. A. nowhere B. nearby C. away D. outside
47. A. understands B. hides C. displays D. overlooks
48. A. violently B. gently C. quickly D. suddenly
49. A. protest B. lecture C. rescue D. presence
50. A. hate B. lies C. anxiety D. stories
51. A. enemies B. companions C. hunters D. sellers
52. A. bond B. test C. past D. secret
53. A. report B. provide C. describe D. recommend
54. A. strange B. complex C. powerful D. small
55. A. time B. colors C. money D. species
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. A 53. B 54. C 55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了摩洛哥卡萨布兰卡的一家兽医诊所里一只名叫Rico的猫，成为了受伤的小猫们意外的安慰和支持。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在摩洛哥卡萨布兰卡的一家兽医诊所里，一只友好而有爱心的猫里科意外地成为了受伤小猫们的安慰和支持的来源。A. challenger挑战者；B. trap陷阱；C. receiver接收者；D. source来源。根据句中“Rico, a friendly and caring cat”和下文“He can often be found curled up (蜷缩) next to young patients, purring (发呼噜声) softly and offering them a sense of 3 during what can be a stressful time.”可知，Rico友好且有爱心，给生病小猫们以安慰和支持，所以是“source of comfort and support”。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然兽医诊所的常驻猫并不罕见，但里科的奉献远远超过其它。A. uncontrollable无法控制的；B. unchangeable不可改变的；C. uncommon罕有的；D. unforgettable难忘的。根据句中“Rico’s devotion goes above and beyond.”可知，句中把Rico与和它类似的其它兽医诊所的常驻猫进行了比较，由此推知，兽医诊所有常驻猫并是不罕见的事情。故选C项。
【43题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它经常蜷缩在生病的小猫身边，轻轻地发出呼噜声，在他们紧张的时候给他们一种安全感。A. humor幽默；B. silence沉默；C. pride自豪；D. security安全。根据第一段中“has become an unexpected 1 of comfort and support for injured kittens (小猫) in a veterinary clinic”和下文“the injured kittens seem to relax”可知，Rico带给其它生病小猫的是安慰和支持，让它们放松和并得到安全感。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：诊所的工作人员注意到，当里科在附近时，受伤的小猫似乎放松下来，恢复得更快。A. warned警告；B. regretted后悔；C. noticed注意到；D. imagined想象。根据句中“the injured kittens seem to relax”可知，这是工作人员注意到情况。故选C项。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：诊所的工作人员注意到，当里科在附近时，受伤的小猫似乎放松下来，恢复得更快。A. recover恢复；B. escape逃跑；C. perform执行；D. scream尖叫。根据句中“the injured kittens seem to relax”可知，Rico能让生病的小猫放松下来，结合常识，这更利于它们的恢复。故选A项。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：诊所工作人员注意到，当里科在附近时，受伤的小猫似乎放松下来，恢复得更快。A. nowhere无处；B. nearby在附近；C. away远离；D. outside在外面。根据上文“He can often be found curled up (蜷缩) next to young patients,...”可知，Rico会陪在生病的小猫旁边，在附近。故选B项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看来里科比任何人都更了解这些小病人的需求。A. understands了解；B. hides隐藏；C. displays展示；D. overlooks忽略。根据上文Rico的做法和句中“the needs of these tiny patients better than anyone else”可推知，Rico更了解这些生病小猫的需求。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他温柔地与他们互动时，他充满爱心的天性闪耀着光芒。A. violently猛烈地；B. gently温和地；C. quickly快速地；D. suddenly突然地。根据第二段中“He can often be found curled up (蜷缩) next to young patients, purring (发呼噜声) softly...”可知，Rico非常温柔地陪伴着生病小猫。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个对动物和它们的人类同伴都充满焦虑的地方，他的存在确实令人感到安慰。A. protest抗议；B. lecture讲座；C. rescue救援；D. presence存在。根据第一段中“has become an unexpected 1 of comfort and support for injured kittens (小猫) in a veterinary clinic”和下文“the injured kittens seem to relax”可知，Rico的存在能带安慰。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个对动物和它们的人类同伴都充满焦虑的地方，他的存在确实令人感到安慰。A. hate憎恨；B. lies谎言；C. anxiety焦虑；D. stories故事。根据上文可知，Rico是兽医诊所里的一只常驻猫，到这里来的都是生病的小猫和它们的主人，所以对他们来说，这是一个让人充满焦虑的地方。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个对动物和它们的人类同伴都充满焦虑的地方，他的存在确实令人感到安慰。A. enemies敌人；B. companions同伴；C. hunters猎人；D. sellers卖家。到兽医诊所的是生病的宠物和他们的主人，即人类同伴。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：里科的故事提醒我们，人类和动物之间存在着不可思议的联系，他们可以相互提供安慰，即使是在兽医诊所这样意想不到的地方。A. bond联系；B. test测试；C. past过去；D. secret秘密。根据句中“between human beings and animals”可推知，这里说的是人与动物之间的联系。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里科的故事提醒我们，人类和动物之间存在着不可思议的联系，他们可以相互提供安慰，即使是在兽医诊所这样意想不到的地方。A. report报告；B. provide提供；C. describe描述；D. recommend推荐。根据句中“comfort”和“to one another”可推知，人类和动物之间可以相互“提供”安慰。故选B项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也证明了关怀是多么强大，友善是没有界限的，甚至跨越物种。A. strange奇怪的；B. complex复杂的；C. powerful有影响力的；D. small小的。根据上文“even in unexpected places like a veterinary clinic”可知，即使像在兽医诊所这样的地方，关怀也能带给动物和人类安慰，所以“being caring”有巨大的影响力。故选C项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它也证明了关怀是有巨大的影响力，友善是没有界限的，甚至跨越物种。A. time时间；B. colors颜色；C. money金钱；D. species物种。根据上文可知，Rico除了带给生病小猫安慰，也带给它们的人类同伴以安慰，所以友善是没有界限，甚至跨越物种。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Global climate change is not a future problem. Now, effects that scientists had long predicted would result ___56___ global climate change, such as sea ice loss, accelerated sea level rise, and longer and more intense heat waves, ___57___ (occur) and threatening the earth. Some changes, including droughts, wildfires and extreme rainfall, are happening ___58___ (fast) than scientists previously assessed. In fact, modern humans have never before seen the observed changes in our global climate, some of ___59___ are irreversible (不可逆转的) over the next hundreds to thousands of years.
Scientists are ___60___ (high) confident that global temperatures will continue to rise for many decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities, ___61___ is reported that human emissions (排放) of heat-trapping gases have already warmed the climate by nearly 1.1℃ since pre-industrial times starting in 1750. The global average temperature rise is expected to reach 1.5℃ within the next few decades.
The severity of effects ___62___ (cause) by climate change will depend on the path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate ___63___ (extreme) and widespread damaging effects across our planet. However, those future effects depend on ___64___ amount of carbon dioxide we emit. So, if we can reduce emissions, we are likely ____65____ (avoid) some of the worst effects.
【答案】56. from
57. are occurring
58. faster 59. which
60. highly 61. It
62. caused 63. extremes
64. the 65. to avoid
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球气候变化不是未来的问题，而是现在正在发生的。越来越多的温室气体排放将导致更多的极端气候，并在我们的星球上造成广泛的破坏性影响。呼吁如果我们能够减少排放，避免一些最坏的影响。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：现在，科学家们长期以来预测的全球气候变化将导致的影响，如海冰融化、海平面加速上升、更长更强烈的热浪，正在发生并威胁着地球。“result from...”意为“由……引起”，为固定短语。故填from。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态。句意同上。根据时间状语Now及空后and threatening可知, 此处用现在进行时，又因为主语是effects， 故此处用are occurring。故填are occurring。
【58题详解】
考查副词的比较级。句意：一些变化，包括干旱、野火和极端降雨，发生的速度比科学家先前评估的要快。根据空后的比较级标志词than可知， 此处用所给副词的比较级。故填faster。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：事实上，现代人类从未见过我们所观察到的全球气候变化，其中一些变化在未来几百到几千年是不可逆转的。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 changes, 故此处填关系代词 which。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查副词。句意：科学家们非常有信心，全球气温将在未来几十年继续上升，这主要是由人类活动产生的温室气体造成的。此处用所给形容词的副词修饰空后的形容词confident。故填highly。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：据报道，自1750年开始的前工业时代以来，人类排放的吸热气体已经使气候变暖了近1.1℃。此处考查“It is+动词的过去分词+that从句”这一句型，It在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句；该空位于句首， 故所填词的首字母需大写。故填It。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：气候变化造成的影响的严重程度将取决于未来人类活动的路径。分析句子成分可知, 此处用非谓语动词，根据句意及关键词 by 可知，动词 cause与其逻辑主语effects存在动宾关系, 故此处用所给动词的过去分词。故填caused。
【63题详解】
考查名词。句意：更多的温室气体排放将在我们的星球上导致更多的极端气候事件和广泛的破坏性影响。根据所填词前的more和and后面的effects可知，此处用所给名词复数作宾语climate extremes意为“极端气候事件”。故填extremes。
【64题详解】
考查冠词。句意：不过， 这些未来的影响取决于我们排放的二氧化碳量。根据句意，此处特指“……的量”，故用定冠词the。故填the。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，如果我们能够减少排放，我们就有可能避免一些最坏的影响。be likely to do sth意为“很可能做某事”，为固定用法。故填to avoid。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，得知你的交换生好友 Peter今年寒假因故无法回国，请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.邀请他到你家过春节；3.表达期待。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m exceedingly sorry to hear that you can’t go back to your country this winter holiday for some reason. Knowing you may feel upset and homesick, I’m writing to invite you to my house to spend the Spring Festival.
Since you have been fascinated by the festival, you may as well take this precious opportunity to experience it in the flesh. You can enjoy relevant activities, such as putting up couplets and setting off firecrackers. Additionally, my father is expert at cooking both traditional Chinese food and Western food, which will definitely be a feast for your mouth.
Nothing can delight me so much as your early response.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生好友 Peter写封邮件，因他寒假因故无法回国给予安慰，并邀请他到自己家过春节。
【详解】1.词汇积累
假期：holiday→vocation
难过的：upset→sad
机会：opportunity→chance
另外：additionally→besides/what’s more
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：You can enjoy relevant activities, such as putting up couplets and setting off firecrackers.
拓展句：You can enjoy relevant activities, which include putting up couplets and setting off firecrackers.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you may feel upset and homesick, I’m writing to invite you to my house to spend the Spring Festival. (运用了非谓语动词现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】Additionally, my father is expert at cooking both traditional Chinese food and Western food, which will definitely be a feast for your mouth. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分 25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jeff and I had many conversations during the year, but I will always remember the time he told me about his family. His father, a successful physician, was cold and strict in Jeffs words. His father had even paved the way for Jeff to attend the same college from which he had graduated.
Jeff was twenty-seven and a successful business planner at a company — without a degree. His passion was skiing. When he graduated from high school, he decided to decline his father’s offer and, instead, to work with a ski patrol (滑雪巡逻队). With pain in his eyes, Jeff told me he still remembered the day when he told his father he was going to give up college and take a job at a ski resort.
Hearing Jeffs decision, his father looked off into the distance. Then came the words that still echoed in Jeff’s mind: “You lazy kid. No son of mine is going to work with a ski patrol and does not attend college. I should have known you’d never amount to anything!” The two had not spoken since that conversation.
Later, he was back in the area near where he grew up and he certainly did not want his father to know he was attending college. He was doing this for himself, not for his father. He said it over and over again. Jeff’s sister had always remained supportive of Jeffs decisions. She stayed in contact with their father, but Jeff had made her promise that she would not share any information about his life with him.
The day when the graduation ceremony came, I walked around talking to people before it started. I noticed a man with a confused expression.
“Excuse me” he said as he politely approached me. “What is happening here today ”
“It’s graduation day,” I replied, smiling. “Well, that’s odd,” he said, “my daughter asked me to meet her at this address.” His eyes sparkled and he smiled. “Maybe she completed her associate’s degree and wanted to surprise me!”
I helped him find a seat.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: As I left him, he said, “Thank you. By the way, my name’s Dr. Holstrom.”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: Jeff was the last person to cross the stage.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
As I left him, he said, “Thank you. By the way, my name’s Dr. Holstrom.” The name ringing in my mind, I froze on the spot. Jeff Holstrom! Could this be the cold, stern father who demanded his son attend college or never enter his home again Curiosity and doubt bubbling up, I turned around to get a glimpse of Dr. Holstrom, attempting to find some facial resemblances. Beaming and scanning, Dr. Holstrom seemed to be looking for his daughter. Speeches given, the dean began to read the names of the graduates, inviting them onto the stage one by one to receive their diplomas.
Jeff was the last person to cross the stage. Having received his diploma, he turned toward the audience, radiant with joy. Suddenly, a lone figure popped into his eyes — Dr. Holstrom. I was not sure how Jeff spotted him in the crowd, but I could tell their eyes met. Dr. Holstrom, gazing at Jeff thoughtfully for a few seconds, opened his arms as if to embrace the air around him. For a moment time seemed to stand still. Jeff came down, smiling with tears in eyes. “My father is here,” he whispered to me, “I think I’m going home.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Jeff告诉作者很多关于他的家庭的事情，Jeff爱好滑雪，高中毕业时没有按照父亲的意愿上大学，而是去了滑雪巡逻队工作，此后两人不再联系，后来Jeff回到家乡上大学，他依然请求家人瞒着父亲，毕业典礼那天作者遇到一个满脸困惑的男人，作者帮他找了一个座位。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我离开他时，他说：‘谢谢你。顺便说一下，我是Holstrom医生。’”可知，第一段可描写作者意识到他就是Jeff的父亲以及毕业生上台接受毕业证书。
②由第二段首句内容“Jeff是最后一个穿过舞台的人。”可知，第二段可描写Jeff拿到毕业证书后看到了父亲，父亲做出拥抱的动作，Jeff告诉作者自己想回家了。
2.续写线索：僵住——意识到他的身份——毕业生上台接受毕业证书——Jeff看到父亲——父亲做出拥抱的动作——Jeff流泪说要回家
3.词汇激活
行为类
①回响：ring/echo
②试图做：attempt to do/make an attempt to do
③映入眼帘：pop into his eyes/come into view
情绪类
①怀疑：doubt/suspicion
②喜悦：joy/enjoyment/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型1] Could this be the cold, stern father who demanded his son attend college or never enter his home again (由关系代词who引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I was not sure how Jeff spotted him in the crowd, but I could tell their eyes met. (由连接词how引导的宾语从句)南阳一中 2023年秋期高二第四次月考
英语试题
一. 单句填空选择题（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. We admire the way ________ he solved the problem.
A. that B. which C. how D. what
2. He’s ________ a sum of money for his retirement.
A. put forward B. put aside C. put out D. put up
3. Completely ________ in her new novel, the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours.
A. absorbing B. being absorbed C. absorbed D. to absorb
4. Many visitors remained ________ in the airport, waiting to be rescued.
A. to be stuck B. stuck C. being stuck D. sticking
5. Try ________ they might, they could get no water, for it was too far down in the pot.
A. since B. as C. while D. although
6. My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.
A. by B. on C. for D. against
7. Scientists have obtained more evidence ________ plastic is finding its way into the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
8. Hardly could he this amount of work in such a short time.
A. get through B. get off
C. get into D. get down
9. The teacher stressed again that the students should not _____ any important details while retelling the story.
A. bring out B. leave out C. let out D. make out
10. It was in 1866 ________ the Foochow Shipbuilding Institution in Fujian province was established.
A. when B. that C. which D. what
二.单句语法填空（共10 小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. She took a deep breath, ________ (desperate) trying to keep calm. (所给词的适当形式填空)
12. Hardly had the alarm gone off when I ________(grab) my clothes and ran out. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13. It suddenly ________ (strike) me how we could improve the situation. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14. They found him ________(conscious) on the floor and rushed him to the hospital. (所给词的适当形式填空)
15. My heart________(sink) when I saw how much work there was left. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16. He shook his head in ________ (believe) on hearing the shocking news. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17. ________(blanket) in snow, the rooftops looked magnificent. (所给词的适当形式填空)
18. We could hear the sound of the rain and our footsteps ________ (mix) with our laughter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
19. Her voice was shaking ________ all her efforts to control it. (用适当的词填空)
20. ________you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. （用适当的词填空）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5分，满分 37.5分）
A
Four Best Museums in Hong Kong
Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum
Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum is the city’s first museum to only focus on biodiversity. It houses over 15,000 specimens (标本) of various animals and plants, with some specimens dating as far back as the early 1920s. Aside from promoting environmental education and the appreciation of biodiversity, it also supports scientific research on threatened species, providing a platform for the public to learn more about the preservation and importance of biodiversity and ecosystems.
Opening hours: Wednesday: 2:00 pm—8:45 pm Saturday to Sunday: 10:30 am—5:15 pm
Hong Kong Science Museum
This exciting institution offers a series of engaging interactive exhibits. There are 10permanent exhibition halls in total, covering different areas of science such as biodiversity, light and sounds, earth science and more. Don’t miss out on the 22-metre-high energy machine that produces awesome audiovisual effects as it demonstrates various forms of energy.
Opening hours: Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Fridays: 10: 00 am—7: 00 pm
Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays: 10:00 am—9:00 pm
Liang Yi Museum
This four-storey private museum is all about design, craftsmanship and heritage. It is home to impressive collections of Chinese antique furniture from the Ming and Qing dynasties, as well as a collection of historic pieces that tell the bygone era of Europe.
Opening hours: from Tuesday to Saturday: 10: 00 am—6: 00 pm
Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb (墓) Museum
Discovered in 1955 during construction work, the declared monument (纪念碑) is believed to be a tomb built in the Eastern Han dynasty (AD 25—220). Though the actual tomb is closed to the public for the conservation reason, you can still get a pretty clear view of the tomb structure through a glass panel. Go to the exhibition hall next door to see items unearthed from the tomb and learn more about the history behind the monument.
Opening hours: from Monday to Sunday: 10:00 am—6:00 pm (closed on Thursdays)
21. What does Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum offer
A. A huge collection of Chinese antique furniture.
B. Access to interaction with living animals and plants.
C. Support for scientific research on threatened species.
D. An exhibition of species from the nineteenth century.
22. Which museum can you visit if you are available on Thursday
A. Liang Yi Museum. B. Hong Kong Science Museum.
C Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museurn. D. Hong Kong Biodiversity Museum.
23. What can you do at Lee Cheng UK Han Tomb Museum
A. Look at and touch the actual tomb. B. Visit an exhibition about the tomb.
C. Learn about the history of biodiversity. D. Operate a 22-metre-high energy machine.
B
The United Arab Emirates is a small country with big ambitions. Possibly, nowhere is clearer than in its space program, which has already sent two astronauts to space and has a satellite probing (探测) the atmosphere around Mars.
The country, over 50 years old, marked a milestone on Monday after Emirati astronaut Sultan Alneyadi returned to Earth in a SpaceX capsule following six months aboard the International Space Station. It was the longest space mission conducted by an Arab astronaut. Alneyadi also became the first person from the Middle East to conduct a spacewalk outside the ISS.
Alneyadi, 42, was part of a four-person NASA Crew-6 mission that was launched in March and returned to Earth after 186 days in space, Alneyadi’s time aboard the ISS highlights the country’s regional edge in space exploration.
“For me, it was a dream that had come true. It was really amazing, especially for my region,” Alneyadi said in a video conference a few days before leaving the ISS. “I felt that I’m responsible for showing what’s happening aboard the station. I think it’s a boost towards spreading the enthusiasm in our region.”
The father of six and longtime military engineer has been praised as a national hero in the UAE since his return to Earth.
The UAE’s president, Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed, referred to Alneyadi as “my son” in a post congratulating him on his achievement. He said, “Alneyadi’s journey shows we are capable of contributing positively to humanity’s scientific and civilized march.”
Alneyadi a Ph. D. holder in information technology, beat out thousands of candidates in the UAE, passing numerous physical and psychological tests to ensure he could stand the physical and mental stress of being in space for many months. He then trained in Russia and the US to become an astronaut.
In one of his final social media posts from space, Alneyadi wrote, “Space, this is not a goodbye, I will see you later, whether on a new mission to the ISS or a farther destination.”
24. What does Alneyadi say about his space exploration
A. It makes him responsible. B. It is inspiring in his region.
C. It marks a milestone in space walks. D. It is an unrealistic space mission.
25. Why did the UAE’s president call Alneyadi his son
A. To express his humor. B. To maintain their relationship.
C To show his pride in Alneyadi. D. To thank Alneyadi’s family.
26. What is paragraph 7 mainly about
A. How Alneyadi struggled for his dream. B. Why Alneyadi dreamt to be an astronaut.
C. Why Alneyadi became popular worldwide. D. How Alneyadi obtained his academic degrees.
27. What does Alneyadi plan to do in the future
A. Say goodbye to space. B. Become an Internet influencer.
C. Work on building a new ISS. D. Continue his space exploration.
C
The clock always seems to be ticking rather too fast in the doctor’s office and the queue of patients outside the door seems to be pressing rather too hard. Some say it’s high time for the model of short, sharp one-to-one appointments to give way to shared medical appointments (SMAs共享医疗预约).
SMAs are doctor-patient visits in which a group of patients receive patient education and counseling(咨询), physical examination and medical support in a group setting. Typically SMAs are designed to have one or more doctors attend to a group of patients who share a common illness or medical condition. In contrast to one-to-one visits, SMAS provide a longer appointment time-frame as well as the opportunity for patients to have improved access to their physicians and meanwhile pick up additional information and support from peers.
However, doctors who have pioneered the shared appointment approach report that there are significant challenges involved. Dr. Sumego, director of shared medical appointments, Cleveland Clinic,identifies culture change as the most significant challenge. Physicians and nurses are trained in a model of personal service and privacy; the SMA approach is a fundamental challenge to those fixed ideas. They need shared goals and a way of testing the innovation against agreed standards. Dr. Sumego says, “The physicians may be worried about the possible chaos and efficiencies that are marketed. They also have to make the patients understand what their appointment is, and what the expectation is.”
“So, if an organization was looking to start shared medical appointments, I would advise them to start the buy-in from a few champion physicians, develop the work-flow and develop some experience. Provide some support behind what that best practice should look like. Create some standards so that, as the concept spreads, you can employ that experience to start the next shared medical appointments and the next.”
28. What is the purpose of the SMA approach
A. To improve medical service. B. To promote doctors’ reputation.
C. To conduct medical research. D. To meet patients’ expectation.
29. According to Dr. Sumego, what prevents the SMA approach from being widely adopted
A. Personal service. B. Fixed ideas.
C Lack of equipment. D. Shared goals.
30 What can the underlined “buy-in”in Paragraph 4 be replaced by
A. practice. B. organization.
C. purchase. D. support.
31. What can be learned about the SMA approach in the last paragraph
A. It is currently being questioned. B. It is impractical in some areas.
C. It will enjoy wide popularity soon. D. It should be carried out step by step.
D
Many say artificial intelligence is the biggest invention since the Internet. The sudden rise of large language models like ChatGPT has fueled the publication to a higher level—AI will be the common language the world speaks and humans can build the Tower of Babel again. With the technology in hand, it seems spending thousands of hours to master a different tongue is simply a waste of time.
Duolingo’s co-founder and CEO Luis von Ahn has a different opinion. He said it’s still worthwhile for people to learn a new language despite the rapid advancement of AI powered translation technology in the past decade. “Computers are better than humans playing chess. And there are more people playing chess now than there’s ever been,” said von Ahn. “People just want to do certain things even if computers are good at it.
According to Duolingo’s research, the majority of new language learners agreed learning a new language could make travelling a better experience and more fun; and 80 percent think learning new languages will inspire them to be travelers with an adventurous spirit.
Luis von Ahn co-founded Duolingo in 2011, which offers customized learning exercises, immediate feedback and gamification(游戏化). The platform provides equal access with over 40 languages to everyone who wants to learn. Last year, the company even rolled out sessions for its first dialect language——Cantonese. The app attracted many Mandarin learners as well. Their primary motivation to try the language was for “intellectual development,” according to the company.
Duolingo has applied AI technology to the language learning platform since day one. With a powerful AI tool, it can provide conversations based on previous exchanges with the user to make language learning more natural. The AI can understand the sentences and react to the input from learners to keep the conversation going.
The goal for the language learning app for von Ahn himself, is to operate on par with a human tutor. He said Duolingo is already as effective as study in a classroom. “I think with AI, we’re getting closer and closer to being as good as a one-to-one human tutor,” he said.
32. The italic(斜体) part in paragraph 1 is to show that many people believe _______.
A. learning a second language is significant to humans
B. AI should not be used as a common language for humans
C. it is unnecessary for humans to learn different languages
D. humans are powerful enough to master different languages
33. Why do people want to learn a new language according to Duolingo’s CEO and research
A. Out of human nature. B. Thanks to the advancement of AI technology.
C. Out of pressure of travelling. D. Thanks to human’s increasing intelligence.
34. What does the underlined phrase “on par with” in paragraph 6 mean
A. in aid of B. instead of C. specially for D. as well as
35. What is the best title of this text
A. People learn languages to enrich their life, not ruin it.
B. Duolingo uses AI to help language learning, not kill it.
C. With Duolingo, learning a second language is time-consuming.
D. Helped by Duolingo, more people are learning a new language.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We have all heard that if you talk to yourself, you’re crazy, ___36___ According to research, talking to yourself in a positive way is actually very healthy for your mind
My first exposure to positive self-talk was reading The Little Engine That Could. Do you remember that book from your childhood While trying to make it up a big hill, the little engine keeps saying to himself, “I think I can, I think I can.” And of course, he makes it. ___37___
Positive self-talk is one of the most valuable tools you can use to keep yourself physically and mentally balanced. Many Olympic and professional athletes use it every time they practice or compete.
___38___ My own personal favorite is “I’m okay”. Back when I was in the movie business. I used to work with the stunt (特技) team. I was told that one of their simple but effective secrets was to stay loose and talk to their body. I had the chance to try it out one day. My apartment was on the second floor of a duplex (复式公寓), and one rainy day I slipped on the top step and started falling over. Then I just kept telling myself, “I’m okay.” ___39___ There were only a few scratches (擦伤) on my legs. I believe to this day that it was the simple positive self-talk that helped keep me from being seriously injured.
Positive self-talk can also help you calm down from anxiety and feel less sad. There was a period of time when I felt upset. Every morning, I woke up and said to myself, “Hi, Barton. You’re going to have a good day today.” ___40___ When I did it throughout the day, fewer things would bother me, and I became friendlier to myself.
A. In fact, that’s not always the case.
B. Much to my surprise, I was just fine
C. It’s a valuable lesson for us to learn and remember.
D. Instead, there are several different types of self-talk.
E. You know, I was programming my brain to feel good.
F. When it comes to positive self-talk, the simpler, the better.
G. That was an opportunity for me to try something challenging.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Rico, a friendly and caring cat, has become an unexpected ___41___ of comfort and support for injured kittens (小猫) in a veterinary clinic in Casablanca, Morocco.
While resident cats in veterinary clinics are not ___42___, Rico’s devotion goes above and beyond. He can often be found curled up (蜷缩) next to young patients, purring (发呼噜声) softly and offering them a sense of ___43___ during what can be a stressful time. The clinic’s staff has ___44___ that the injured kittens seem to relax and ___45___ more quickly when Rico is ___46___.
It seems that Rico ___47___ the needs of these tiny patients better than anyone else. His caring nature shines through as he ___48___ interacts with them. His ___49___ is truly comforting in a place that can be filled with ____50____ for both animals and their human ____51____.
Rico’s story is a reminder of the incredible ____52____ that can exist between human beings and animals and the comfort they can ____53____ to one another, even in unexpected places like a veterinary clinic. It also proves how ____54____ being caring is and that kindness knows no bounds, not even ____55____.
41. A. challenger B. trap C. receiver D. source
42. A. uncontrollable B. unchangeable C. uncommon D. unforgettable
43. A. humor B. silence C. pride D. security
44. A. warned B. regretted C. noticed D. imagined
45. A. recover B. escape C. perform D. scream
46. A. nowhere B. nearby C. away D. outside
47. A. understands B. hides C. displays D. overlooks
48. A. violently B. gently C. quickly D. suddenly
49. A. protest B. lecture C. rescue D. presence
50. A. hate B. lies C. anxiety D. stories
51. A. enemies B. companions C. hunters D. sellers
52. A. bond B. test C. past D. secret
53. A. report B. provide C. describe D. recommend
54. A. strange B. complex C. powerful D. small
55. A. time B. colors C. money D. species
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Global climate change is not a future problem. Now, effects that scientists had long predicted would result ___56___ global climate change, such as sea ice loss, accelerated sea level rise, and longer and more intense heat waves, ___57___ (occur) and threatening the earth. Some changes, including droughts, wildfires and extreme rainfall, are happening ___58___ (fast) than scientists previously assessed. In fact, modern humans have never before seen the observed changes in our global climate, some of ___59___ are irreversible (不可逆转的) over the next hundreds to thousands of years.
Scientists are ___60___ (high) confident that global temperatures will continue to rise for many decades, mainly due to greenhouse gases produced by human activities, ___61___ is reported that human emissions (排放) of heat-trapping gases have already warmed the climate by nearly 1.1℃ since pre-industrial times starting in 1750. The global average temperature rise is expected to reach 1.5℃ within the next few decades.
The severity of effects ___62___ (cause) by climate change will depend on the path of future human activities. More greenhouse gas emissions will lead to more climate ___63___ (extreme) and widespread damaging effects across our planet. However, those future effects depend on ___64___ amount of carbon dioxide we emit. So, if we can reduce emissions, we are likely ____65____ (avoid) some of the worst effects.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 假定你是李华，得知你的交换生好友 Peter今年寒假因故无法回国，请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：1.给予安慰；2.邀请他到你家过春节；3.表达期待。
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第二节（满分 25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jeff and I had many conversations during the year, but I will always remember the time he told me about his family. His father, a successful physician, was cold and strict in Jeffs words. His father had even paved the way for Jeff to attend the same college from which he had graduated.
Jeff was twenty-seven and a successful business planner at a company — without a degree. His passion was skiing. When he graduated from high school, he decided to decline his father’s offer and, instead, to work with a ski patrol (滑雪巡逻队). With pain in his eyes, Jeff told me he still remembered the day when he told his father he was going to give up college and take a job at a ski resort.
Hearing Jeffs decision, his father looked off into the distance. Then came the words that still echoed in Jeff’s mind: “You lazy kid. No son of mine is going to work with a ski patrol and does not attend college. I should have known you’d never amount to anything!” The two had not spoken since that conversation.
Later, he was back in the area near where he grew up and he certainly did not want his father to know he was attending college. He was doing this for himself, not for his father. He said it over and over again. Jeff’s sister had always remained supportive of Jeffs decisions. She stayed in contact with their father, but Jeff had made her promise that she would not share any information about his life with him.
The day when the graduation ceremony came, I walked around talking to people before it started. I noticed a man with a confused expression.
“Excuse me,” he said as he politely approached me. “What is happening here today ”
“It’s graduation day,” I replied, smiling. “Well, that’s odd,” he said, “my daughter asked me to meet her at this address.” His eyes sparkled and he smiled. “Maybe she completed her associate’s degree and wanted to surprise me!”
I helped him find a seat.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: As I left him, he said, “Thank you. By the way, my name’s Dr. Holstrom.”
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Paragraph 2: Jeff was the last person to cross the stage.
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