许昌市建安区第一高级中学高二年级 12 月考试
英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spending money on a vacation may seem like a luxury（奢侈品）—but sometimes, you have to relax yourself. Here's where to go for a good time at an unbelievable value.
Captiva Island, Florida
Keep it simple by looking for seashells, bicycling, or jet skiing; you can even hit the tennis courts. The Summer Getaway package offers a fourth night free and a rate of $ 209 a night, making the average of a four-night stay $156.75. Kids 12 and under eat breakfast free.
Reykjavik, Iceland
STA Travel Beats specializes in taking travelers to music festivals around the globe. It has an eight-day tour, Icelandic Beats, which takes you to the Icelandic geothermal spas（地热温泉）, UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and black sand beaches. End your vacation at the Secret Solstice Festival on June 18. The tour is $1, 218, not including airfares.
Malpais, Costa Rica
You get daily surfing instruction, sunset surf sessions, and yoga in the outdoor, oceanfront yoga studio in a week-long tour. As you get your mind, body, and spirit together, keep it going with healthy meals at the beachfront restaurant. Prices are $2, 895 for shared accommodations（住宿）, $3,095 for private accommodations with shared baths, and $3,595 for private accommodations.
Waterville Valley, New Hampshire
Waterville Valley Resort is surrounded by 100 miles of trails in the White Mountain National Forest. If you get a Freedom Pass, you can save about $100 a day during a six-day tour; the pass enables you daily to have a two-hour mountain bike rental, unlimited tennis, a round of golf and so on. Rates start at $139 a night.
1. How much is a four-night stay in Captiva Island Florida
A. $418. B. $470.25.
C. $627. D. $836.
2. Which of the following offers the longest tour
A. Reykjavk, Iceland.
B. Malpais, Costa Rica.
C. Captiva Island, Florida.
D. Waterville Valley, New Hampshire.
3. What is the main purpose of the passage？
A. To advertise four coming events.
B. To encourage people to travel abroad.
C. To introduce famous travelling routes.
D. To suggest places for wonderful vacation.
B
My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life! He was a hard worker and was known as “Mr Fix-It” to everyone. He was also one of the most cheerful, affable (和葛可亲的) and gentle people you would ever meet, which made us, his beloved daughters feel proud.
But when Dad was in his fifties, my family began to notice him struggling. His work and skills began to become worse and worse, and he became depressed and withdrawn. This was not the man I knew. At the age of fifty-eight, Dad was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. As for our family, it was the worst.
Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us. That meeting inspired me to start a Walk to End Alzheimer’s team. But I still wanted to do more. In 2017, I became a board member of the Alzheimer’s Association Delaware Valley Chapter.
The loss from this disease is gradual. My father’s decline continued for several years. Losing my father more and more each day was leaving a big hole in my heart and my life. I decided to fill that hole with action to honor my father.
That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.
I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.
4. What can we infer about the author’s father before having Alzheimer’s
A. He was an outgoing man. B. He hiked with strangers.
C. He made a living by sales. D. He was a popular repairer of cars.
5. What did the author initially do for her father’s disease
A. She consulted many experts. B. She established a research team.
C. She gained more relevant information. D. She funded the Alzheimer’s Association.
6. What gift does the author leave to the Alzheimer’s Association
A. Research funds for the disease. B. A record of her father’s mental state.
C. Her research papers on families like hers. D. Experts’ suggestions on her father’s disease.
7. What does the author focus on in the last paragraph
A. Her precious gift. B. Her father’s firm confidence.
C. Her future expectation. D. Her father’s original motivation.
C
Every 40 seconds, someone in the US has a heart attack. Of course, this statistic applies only to humans. But what about other animal — do they also experience this condition
A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked and a piece of heart tissue dies from the deprivation of oxygen, according to Flavio Fenton, a professor of physics who studies both human and other animal species’ hearts. “Since animals’ hearts are very similar,” Fenton said, “most animals hearts, in principle, could have heart attacks.”
But that’s not what happened. For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper.
Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question. “You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks,” said Tomasz Owerkowicz, a physiologist at California State University.
But based on heart structures, researchers can make predictions about which creatures are most likely to have heart attacks. Owerkowicz and Fenton are doing such experiments on alligators (短吻鳄). “In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels,” Fenton said.
According to the researchers’ experiments so far, alligators don’t have heart attacks. The alligator’s heart tissue had no signs of cell death, Fenton added.
8. What does the underlined word “deprivation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Consumption. B. Encounter. C. Lack. D. Production.
9. What do the animals mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common
A. They have high cholesterol.
B. They hardly suffer heart attacks.
C. They are easily genetically modified.
D. They share similar risk factors for heart disease with humans.
10. What’s Tomasz Owerkowicz’s attitude to previous reports
A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful.
11. Why do alligators have no heart attacks
A. Their blood vessels are quite strong.
B. The cells in their heart are in large numbers.
C. Their heart can beat faster than most animals’.
D. The blood in their heart has multiple sources.
D
In the U. S., people eat more protein than they need to, which might not be bad for human health, but does pose a problem for the country’s waterways. The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water.
Maya Almaraz, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Davis, and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U. S. wastewater system because of a protein-heavy diet. The researchers found that the majority of nitrogen pollution present in wastewater—some 67 to 100 precent—is a by-product of water people consume.
Once it enters the environment, the nitrogen can have a series of ecological impacts. It helps algae grow much faster than they would normally, which is harmful to humans, other animals and plants. And when the algae eventually die, the problem is not over. Microorganisms(微生物) that feed on dead algae use up the oxygen in the water, leading to “dead zones,” where many species simply cannot survive, in rivers, lakes and oceans.
Although it is possible to treat algal blooms, many of the current methods are not always effective at getting rid of all of the harmful growth. Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution. So the best strategy for dealing with the effects of nitrogen pollution is prevention, says Patricia Glibert, an ocean scientist at the University of Maryland. Almaraz and her team suggest that controlling nitrogen pollution could be approached more quickly with a change in eating habits that could save billions of dollars in the long term.
12. Which aspect of Americans’ diet does Almaraz’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its effect. C. Its make-up. D. Its amount.
13. What causes “dead zones” in the water
A. No oxygen for many species. B. Death of lots of healthy algae.
C. Microorganisms’overconsumption of nutrients. D. Poisonous chemicals released by harmful algae.
14. What is the problem with current algal bloom treatment methods
A. They are costly. B. They may kill all algae.
C. They are slow to take effect. D. They may cause secondary pollution.
15. What does the text mainly tell us
A. It is high time to treat wild algae growth. B. Eating too much protein harms the planet.
C. Prevention is better than cure in treating air pollution. D. Researchers find solutions to the wastewater problem.
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science.____16____ Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity
An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.____17____
Patience
Becoming a scientist takes a long time. ____18____ Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. ____19____ Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.
Working habits
____20____He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed and also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
A. To make discoveries, you have to think differently.
B. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.
C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion.
E. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
F. An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind.
G. Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was young, I was a terrible student. I didn’t ____21____ talking with my grandmother on the phone, because she would ask me about school and about what I was reading.
Each Christmas, I would get a package from Grandmother. “Another ____22____. Just like every year!” I would think and then put it aside. I would ____23____all my latest toys on Christmas morning and for days and even weeks after.____24____, I would open Grandmother’s gift. I would read the book and sometimes ____25____ the text, but I didn’t find this interesting.
Although I was not interested in ____26____, I had great patience with younger children. Seeing how I ____27____her kid with homework, my neighbor said I should become a teacher when I grew up.
During my second term in college, I ____28____ in my Children’s Literature class. Our teacher____29____ a list of classic children’s books. It was then that I wanted to ____30____. I raced home and ran to the basement (地下室). There on the dusty shelf sat the most amazing collection of children’s books any teacher could ____31____ to have. My grandmother didn’t ____32____ me what my little girl mind wanted, but what she knew I ____33____ — a gift for the soul that would last a lifetime.
I ____34____ to water the seed my grandmother planted so long ago. I graduated from college, received my master’s degree and became a ____35____ , trying my best to plant those tiny seeds in all my students.
21.
A. like B. avoid C. stop D. suggest
22
A. phone B. bag C. book D. toy
23
A. look for B. break down C. play with D. clean up
24.
A. Suddenly B. Gradually C. Curiously D. Finally
25.
A. memorize B. sell C. improve D. publish
26.
A. children B. Christmas C. school D. gifts
27.
A. provided B. filled C. left D. helped
28.
A. slept B. sat C. waited D. spoke
29.
A. received B. asked C. showed D. wanted
30.
A. rest B. explain C. cry D. travel
31.
A. agree B. hope C. afford D. happen
32.
A. tell B. give C. read D. lend
33.
A. forgot B. needed C. repeated D. doubted
34.
A. hurried B. pretended C. continued D. refused
35.
A. teacher B. writer C. manager D. doctor
第二节(共 10 题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. Kung fu, ____36____ (especial), has had a great effect ____37____ the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that, they may come to China and learn about some other ____38____ (aspect) of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the ____39____ (great) of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are ____40____ mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even as it ____41____ (challenge) by pop culture. This strength comes from the ideas given in the Four Books of Confucianism, ____42____ built upon the ideas of an even ____43____ (much) ancient period codified (编纂) in the Five Classics. From them, the West learns what is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui. So far China has taken steps ____44____ (further) this spread of its culture by _____45_____ (establish) Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.
第三部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，英国姐妹学校的Wendy同学来信，表示到访期间想参加你校的升国旗仪式（flag-raising ceremony），并询问相关信息。请你回信，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 仪式的时间、地点；
3. 仪式的意义。
参考词汇：national anthem（国歌）
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Wendy,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A friend of mine whose name was Martin Brown had a bad memory, which made him really famous. He was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence. His wife had to always remind him about his appointments, his classes or even his meals! Since Martin was a professor at a well-known university, his forgetfulness often caused him a lot of trouble. It wasn’t that he was unintelligent, as some critical people tended to say, he was just very, very absent-minded.
One hot summer day Professor Brown decided to take his children to the beach. The seaside town he planned to visit was about a three-hour train ride away. To make the trip more interesting for his young children, he decided to keep the name of the town secret. Unfortunately, by the time Martin had arrived at the train station, the poor forgetful man had forgotten the name of the town. Luckily, a friend of his happened to be in the station. He offered to take care of the children while Martin went back home to find out where he was going.
The professor’s wife was surprised to see him back again so soon, but she laughed when she heard what was the matter. She distrusted his memory, so she wrote the name of the town on a piece of paper. Satisfied that she had solved the problem, she sent her husband off again. Ten minutes later, she was astonished to see him outside the house again.
注意：
1.续写词数应150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1:
“What was the matter now ” asked his wife.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
Hearing the cry, the neighbours rushed out, trying to find out what had happened.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________许昌市建安区第一高级中学高二年级 12 月考试
英语试题
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spending money on a vacation may seem like a luxury（奢侈品）—but sometimes, you have to relax yourself. Here's where to go for a good time at an unbelievable value.
Captiva Island, Florida
Keep it simple by looking for seashells, bicycling, or jet skiing; you can even hit the tennis courts. The Summer Getaway package offers a fourth night free and a rate of $ 209 a night, making the average of a four-night stay $156.75. Kids 12 and under eat breakfast free.
Reykjavik, Iceland
STA Travel Beats specializes in taking travelers to music festivals around the globe. It has an eight-day tour, Icelandic Beats, which takes you to the Icelandic geothermal spas（地热温泉）, UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and black sand beaches. End your vacation at the Secret Solstice Festival on June 18. The tour is $1, 218, not including airfares.
Malpais, Costa Rica
You get daily surfing instruction, sunset surf sessions, and yoga in the outdoor, oceanfront yoga studio in a week-long tour. As you get your mind, body, and spirit together, keep it going with healthy meals at the beachfront restaurant. Prices are $2, 895 for shared accommodations（住宿）, $3,095 for private accommodations with shared baths, and $3,595 for private accommodations.
Waterville Valley, New Hampshire
Waterville Valley Resort is surrounded by 100 miles of trails in the White Mountain National Forest. If you get a Freedom Pass, you can save about $100 a day during a six-day tour; the pass enables you daily to have a two-hour mountain bike rental, unlimited tennis, a round of golf and so on. Rates start at $139 a night.
1. How much is a four-night stay in Captiva Island, Florida
A. $418. B. $470.25.
C. $627. D. $836.
2 Which of the following offers the longest tour
A. Reykjavk, Iceland.
B. Malpais, Costa Rica.
C. Captiva Island, Florida.
D. Waterville Valley, New Hampshire.
3. What is the main purpose of the passage？
A. To advertise four coming events.
B. To encourage people to travel abroad.
C. To introduce famous travelling routes.
D. To suggest places for wonderful vacation.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。作者介绍了四个值得游客度假的地方。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的Captiva Island，Florida可知答案出自第二段。根据第二段中的"The Summer Getaway package offers...making the average of a four-night stay $156.75"可知，平均每晚住宿费用是156.75美元，4个晚上则是627美元，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Captiva Island，Florida是四天的行程，第三段的Reykjavk，Iceland是八天的行程，第四段的Malpais，Costa Rica是一周，第五段的Waterville Valley，New Hampshire是六天的行程，因此选A。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的"Here's where to go for a good time at an unbelievable value"可知，作者在文章中给读者推荐值得度假的地方，故选D。
【点睛】主旨大意题的做题技巧。
1) 主旨大意题属于归纳概括题。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。
2) 找准文章的主题句是关键。“主题句定位法”是一种行之有效的方法。在答题时，我们可以：读首句抓大意；读尾句抓大意；读首尾段抓大意。
3.) 无明显主题句时高频信息词，任一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。
比如小题3，根据第一段中的"Here's where to go for a good time at an unbelievable value"可知，作者在文章中给读者推荐值得度假的地方，故选D。
B
My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life! He was a hard worker and was known as “Mr Fix-It” to everyone. He was also one of the most cheerful, affable (和葛可亲的) and gentle people you would ever meet, which made us, his beloved daughters feel proud.
But when Dad was in his fifties, my family began to notice him struggling. His work and skills began to become worse and worse, and he became depressed and withdrawn. This was not the man I knew. At the age of fifty-eight, Dad was diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. As for our family, it was the worst.
Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us. That meeting inspired me to start a Walk to End Alzheimer’s team. But I still wanted to do more. In 2017, I became a board member of the Alzheimer’s Association Delaware Valley Chapter.
The loss from this disease is gradual. My father’s decline continued for several years. Losing my father more and more each day was leaving a big hole in my heart and my life. I decided to fill that hole with action to honor my father.
That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.
I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.
4. What can we infer about the author’s father before having Alzheimer’s
A. He was an outgoing man. B. He hiked with strangers.
C. He made a living by sales. D. He was a popular repairer of cars.
5. What did the author initially do for her father’s disease
A. She consulted many experts. B. She established a research team.
C. She gained more relevant information. D. She funded the Alzheimer’s Association.
6. What gift does the author leave to the Alzheimer’s Association
A. Research funds for the disease. B. A record of her father’s mental state.
C. Her research papers on families like hers. D. Experts’ suggestions on her father’s disease.
7. What does the author focus on in the last paragraph
A. Her precious gift. B. Her father’s firm confidence.
C. Her future expectation. D. Her father’s original motivation.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病，在了解这种疾病和逐渐“失去”父亲的过程中，作者投入到与阿尔茨海默病相关的慈善事业中，并呼吁人们参与其中。
【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“My father was the kind of guy who could walk into a room full of strangers and leave with new best friends for life!(我父亲是那种可以走进一间满是陌生人的房间，离开时却能交到一辈子最好的朋友的人！)”可推知，作者的父亲在患病前是一个善于交际的人，外向的人。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Our first step was to attend a meeting hosted by the Alzheimer’s Association to learn more about the disease and programs that might help us.(我们的第一步是参加由阿尔茨海默氏症协会主办的会议，了解更多关于这种疾病的知识和可能帮助我们的项目)”可知，作者在父亲确诊为早发型阿尔茨海默病后，最初去参加了阿尔茨海默病协会主办的会议，以了解更多关于该疾病的信息。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据第五段“That’s why I recently decided to leave a gift to the Alzheimer’s Association by naming it as a beneficiary of my retirement plan. My future gift will provide money to support research because I don’t want another person in my family or someone in other families to have to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease.(这就是为什么我最近决定给阿尔茨海默氏症协会留下一份礼物，把它命名为我退休计划的受益人的原因。我未来的礼物将提供资金支持研究，因为我不希望我的家人或其他家庭的人患上阿尔茨海默病)”可知，作者留给了阿尔茨海默氏症协会研究该疾病的经费。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I am so proud to be able to honor my father and other family members who lost their fights to Alzheimer’s in this way. My dad was an inspiration to me, and I hope, through my gift, I can inspire others to join in the fight to end Alzheimer’s.(我很自豪能够以这种方式纪念我的父亲和其他与阿尔茨海默氏症斗争失败的家庭成员。我的父亲鼓舞了我，我希望，通过我的礼物，我可以激励其他人加入到结束阿尔茨海默氏症的斗争中来)”可推知，作者在最后一段的重点是阐述她对未来的期盼。故选C。
C
Every 40 seconds, someone in the US has a heart attack. Of course, this statistic applies only to humans. But what about other animal — do they also experience this condition
A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked and a piece of heart tissue dies from the deprivation of oxygen, according to Flavio Fenton, a professor of physics who studies both human and other animal species’ hearts. “Since animals’ hearts are very similar,” Fenton said, “most animals hearts, in principle, could have heart attacks.”
But that’s not what happened. For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper.
Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question. “You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks,” said Tomasz Owerkowicz, a physiologist at California State University.
But based on heart structures, researchers can make predictions about which creatures are most likely to have heart attacks. Owerkowicz and Fenton are doing such experiments on alligators (短吻鳄). “In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels,” Fenton said.
According to the researchers’ experiments so far, alligators don’t have heart attacks. The alligator’s heart tissue had no signs of cell death, Fenton added.
8. What does the underlined word “deprivation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Consumption. B. Encounter. C. Lack. D. Production.
9. What do the animals mentioned in Paragraph 3 have in common
A. They have high cholesterol.
B. They hardly suffer heart attacks.
C. They are easily genetically modified.
D. They share similar risk factors for heart disease with humans.
10. What’s Tomasz Owerkowicz’s attitude to previous reports
A. Indifferent. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Hopeful.
11. Why do alligators have no heart attacks
A. Their blood vessels are quite strong.
B. The cells in their heart are in large numbers.
C. Their heart can beat faster than most animals’.
D. The blood in their heart has multiple sources.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于动物是否会患心脏病的一些研究和一些专家的看法。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。本句中and前后表示顺承，根据and前的“a blood vessel (血管) distributing oxygenated blood to the heart gets blocked(向心脏输送含氧血液的血管堵塞)”可知，运送含氧血液的血管堵塞。由此推知，这会导致心脏缺氧，一部分心脏组织会坏死。划线词deprivation表示“缺少”，和lack的意思最为接近。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“For instance, heart attacks occur very rarely in dogs. Even the chimps, which are not only closely related to humans but also share similar risk factors for heart disease, do not have heart attacks. Even in mice and rabbits that are genetically modified to have high cholesterol (胆固醇) and blood fats for the purpose of inducing atherosclerosis and other human diseases, actual heart attacks rarely occur, according to a 2009 paper.(例如，狗很少发生心脏病发作。黑猩猩不仅与人类关系密切，而且有相似的心脏病风险因素，但即使是黑猩猩也没有心脏病发作。根据2009年的一篇论文，即使是在老鼠和兔子身上，通过基因改造使它们具有高胆固醇和血脂，以诱发动脉粥样硬化和其他人类疾病，实际的心脏病发作也很少发生)”可知，本段列举的这些动物的共同点是：它们很少患心脏病。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite previous reports that other animals mostly don’t have heart attacks, the truth is that there haven’t been a lot of experiments investigating this question.(尽管之前有报告称其他动物大多不会患心脏病，但事实是，还没有很多实验来研究这个问题)”可知，先前关于动物是否会患心脏病的报告并没有进行很多实验去论证。接着用Tomasz Owerkowicz的话“You can observe that an animal has suddenly died, but very rarely would you actually look for the cause of it. We just don’t know whether they suffer heart attacks(你可以观察到动物突然死亡，但你很少会真正寻找死亡原因。我们只是不知道它们是否患有心脏病)”来支持这一观点。由此推知，Tomasz Owerkowicz对之前的研究报告持怀疑态度。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“In their heart, you find the vessels; and they have spongy (海绵状的) tissues, around which there’s a lot of blood, not necessarily coming from the vessels(在它们的心脏里，你可以找到血管；而且它们有海绵状组织，周围有很多血液，这些血液不一定来自血管)”可知，血管可以给心脏供血，而且海绵状组织周围也有其他地方的可以给心脏供血。由此推知，短吻鳄不会患心脏病的原因是，它们心脏中的血液有多种来源。故选D。
D
In the U. S., people eat more protein than they need to, which might not be bad for human health, but does pose a problem for the country’s waterways. The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water.
Maya Almaraz, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Davis, and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U. S. wastewater system because of a protein-heavy diet. The researchers found that the majority of nitrogen pollution present in wastewater—some 67 to 100 precent—is a by-product of water people consume.
Once it enters the environment, the nitrogen can have a series of ecological impacts. It helps algae grow much faster than they would normally, which is harmful to humans, other animals and plants. And when the algae eventually die, the problem is not over. Microorganisms(微生物) that feed on dead algae use up the oxygen in the water, leading to “dead zones,” where many species simply cannot survive, in rivers, lakes and oceans.
Although it is possible to treat algal blooms, many of the current methods are not always effective at getting rid of all of the harmful growth. Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution. So the best strategy for dealing with the effects of nitrogen pollution is prevention, says Patricia Glibert, an ocean scientist at the University of Maryland. Almaraz and her team suggest that controlling nitrogen pollution could be approached more quickly with a change in eating habits that could save billions of dollars in the long term.
12. Which aspect of Americans’ diet does Almaraz’s research focus on
A. Its variety. B. Its effect. C. Its make-up. D. Its amount.
13. What causes “dead zones” in the water
A. No oxygen for many species. B. Death of lots of healthy algae.
C. Microorganisms’overconsumption of nutrients. D. Poisonous chemicals released by harmful algae.
14. What is the problem with current algal bloom treatment methods
A. They are costly. B. They may kill all algae.
C. They are slow to take effect. D. They may cause secondary pollution.
15. What does the text mainly tell us
A. It is high time to treat wild algae growth. B. Eating too much protein harms the planet.
C. Prevention is better than cure in treating air pollution. D. Researchers find solutions to the wastewater problem.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water.(这个国家的废水中含有蛋白质消化的残余物:氮化合物(氯)，它们会滋生有害的藻华(藻华)，污染空气和饮用水。)”以及第二段中“Maya Almaraz, a biogeochemist at the University of California, Davis, and her team wanted to see how much of this nitrogen entered into the U. S. wastewater system because of a protein-heavy diet. (加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔玛拉兹和她的团队想知道，由于蛋白质含量高的饮食，有多少氯化合物进入了美国的废水系统。)”可知，加州大学戴维斯分校的生物地球化学家玛雅·阿尔玛拉兹和她的团队研究关注的是美国人饮食由于蛋白质含量高，美国的水道中含有蛋白质消化的残余物：氯化合物，该物质对生物、空气和饮用水等造成了影响，故阿尔玛拉兹研究关注的是美国人饮食造成的影响。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Microorganisms(微生物) that feed on dead algae use up the oxygen in the water, leading to “dead zones,” where many species simply cannot survive, in rivers, lakes and oceans.(以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，导致河流、湖泊和海洋中的“死区”，许多物种根本无法在那里生存。)”可知，以死藻为食的微生物耗尽了水中的氧气，导致河流、湖泊和海洋中的“死区”即许多物种没有氧气。导致了“死区”的出现。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Some of these methods can even lead to additional pollution. (其中一些方法甚至会导致额外的污染。)”可知，当前的一些处理方法容易造成额外污染即二次污染。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段信息“The nation’s wastewater is loaded with the leftovers from protein digestion: nitrogen compounds(氯化合物) that can feed harmful algal blooms(藻华) and pollute the air and drinking water.( 这个国家的废水中含有蛋白质消化的残余物:氮化合物(氯)，它们会滋生有害的藻华(藻华)，污染空气和饮用水。)”以及通读全文，文章介绍了美国人吃过多蛋白质会导致氮污染，并且这种污染会促进有害藻类的生长，最终对环境造成负面影响。作者呼吁改变生活习惯来控制氮污染，从而在长期上节省资金。B选项“Eating too much protein harms the planet.( 摄入过多的蛋白质对地球有害。)”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。故选B。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Characteristics of an excellent scientist
The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science.____16____ Let’s look at some characteristics of an excellent scientist.
Curiosity
An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. Scientists such as Thomas Edison and George Westinghouse discovered things mainly because they wanted to know how things work.____17____
Patience
Becoming a scientist takes a long time. ____18____ Even if you think you have received some education on science, you still have a lot of scientific research to do. If you’re an instant-gratification type of person, this may not be the best choice for you.
Ethical (道德的) qualities
In order to truly discover and use knowledge for the greater good, a scientist must have a desire to improve people’s life as well as the environment, since they are linked and they can affect one another in the long run. ____19____ Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence.
Working habits
____20____He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed and also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. Networking connects him/her with colleagues working on similar projects where he/she may discover something new.
A. To make discoveries, you have to think differently.
B. There are very few jobs that take longer than this one.
C. It also defines a scientist as someone who uses scientific methods.
D. A scientist must report findings honestly regardless of personal interests or public opinion.
E. One of the main places that many scientists work in is the research laboratory.
F. An excellent scientist even takes notes of the smallest observation and keeps it in mind.
G. Without a drive to ask questions or even wonder, a scientist will never get to the first stage of the scientific process.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。成功绝非偶然，一定是一些特别品质和性格才造就了那么多的伟人和成功人士。学习本文，让我们一起来欣赏这些成功科学家们的性格特点吧。
【16题详解】
C选项“它还将科学家定义为使用科学方法的人。”承接上文“The dictionary defines a scientist as a person having professional knowledge on one or more sciences, especially natural science or physical science. (字典将科学家定义为在一门或多门科学，特别是自然科学或物理科学方面具有专业知识的人)”讲字典对科学家这一名词的解释和理解，故选C项。
【17题详解】
G选项“如果科学家没有发问甚至好奇的动力，就永远无法进入科学过程的第一阶段。”承接小标题“Curiosity (好奇心)”和上文“An excellent scientist must be very curious about things. (一个优秀的科学家必须对事物非常好奇)”讲科学家要具备的一个特征就是有好奇心，故选G项。
【18题详解】
B选项“很少有工作比这一项需要更长时间。”承接小标题“Patience (耐心)”和上文“Becoming a scientist takes a long time. (成为一名科学家需要很长时间)”讲成为科学家时间很长，需要一定的耐心，故选B项。
【19题详解】
D选项“科学家必须诚实地报告研究结果，而不考虑个人利益或公众舆论。”和下文“Sticking to an old belief contradicted with evidence is dishonest. However, that belief shouldn’t be changed without powerful evidence. (坚持与证据相矛盾的旧信念是不诚实的。然而，没有强有力的证据，这种信念不应该改变)”一起表明科学家要诚实，坚持真理，这是科学家特征“Ethical (道德的) qualities (道德素质)”的体现，故选D项。
【20题详解】
由小标题“Working habits (工作习惯)”可知，下面一段主要谈到工作习惯，且下文“He/She can work well alone or in groups, depending on what’s needed and also needs to communicate thoughts on paper and verbally. (他/她可以单独或在团队中很好地工作，这取决于需要什么，还需要在纸上和口头上交流想法)”就是在讲科学家的工作习惯，F选项“一个优秀的科学家甚至会记下最微小的观察结果并牢记在心。”也是一种工作习惯和方式。故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分)
第一节(共 15 题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was young, I was a terrible student. I didn’t ____21____ talking with my grandmother on the phone, because she would ask me about school and about what I was reading.
Each Christmas, I would get a package from Grandmother. “Another ____22____. Just like every year!” I would think and then put it aside. I would ____23____all my latest toys on Christmas morning and for days and even weeks after.____24____, I would open Grandmother’s gift. I would read the book and sometimes ____25____ the text, but I didn’t find this interesting.
Although I was not interested in ____26____, I had great patience with younger children. Seeing how I ____27____her kid with homework, my neighbor said I should become a teacher when I grew up.
During my second term in college, I ____28____ in my Children’s Literature class. Our teacher____29____ a list of classic children’s books. It was then that I wanted to ____30____. I raced home and ran to the basement (地下室). There on the dusty shelf sat the most amazing collection of children’s books any teacher could ____31____ to have. My grandmother didn’t ____32____ me what my little girl mind wanted, but what she knew I ____33____ — a gift for the soul that would last a lifetime.
I ____34____ to water the seed my grandmother planted so long ago. I graduated from college, received my master’s degree and became a ____35____ , trying my best to plant those tiny seeds in all my students.
21.
A. like B. avoid C. stop D. suggest
22.
A. phone B. bag C. book D. toy
23.
A. look for B. break down C. play with D. clean up
24.
A. Suddenly B. Gradually C. Curiously D. Finally
25.
A. memorize B. sell C. improve D. publish
26.
A. children B. Christmas C. school D. gifts
27.
A. provided B. filled C. left D. helped
28.
A. slept B. sat C. waited D. spoke
29
A. received B. asked C. showed D. wanted
30.
A. rest B. explain C. cry D. travel
31.
A. agree B. hope C. afford D. happen
32.
A. tell B. give C. read D. lend
33.
A. forgot B. needed C. repeated D. doubted
34.
A. hurried B. pretended C. continued D. refused
35.
A. teacher B. writer C. manager D. doctor
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候不喜欢祖母每个圣诞节都送自己一本书当礼物，上大学后才突然发现祖母送的书让自己受益匪浅。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不喜欢和祖母通电话，因为她常常问我学校的事情以及我在读什么书。A. like喜欢；B. avoid避开；C. stop停止；D. suggest建议。结合上文“When I was young, I was a terrible student.”和下文“she would ask me about school and about what I was reading.”可知，作者不喜欢和祖母通电话。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“又是一本书，和去年一样！”我会思考，然后把它放在一边。A. phone电话；B. bag包；C. book书；D. toy玩具。根据下文“ I would read the book and sometimes _____5______ the text, but I didn’t find this interesting.”可知，祖母又送给我了一本书。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：在圣诞节的早上我会玩我最新的玩具，玩几天甚至几周。A. look for寻找；B. break down分解；C. play with玩；D. clean up打扫。根据句中“all my latest toys”可知，作者玩最新的玩具。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我才会打开祖母的礼物。A. Suddenly突然；B. Gradually逐渐地； C. Curiously好奇地；D. Finally最后。根据上文“I would think and then put it aside”可知，作者不喜欢祖母送的礼物，所以会把它放到一边，最后才会打开它。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会读这本书，有时还会背课文，但我并不认为这是一种乐趣。A. memorize记忆；B. sell卖；C. improve提高；D. publish出版。根据本句“I would read the book”可知，作者也会背课文。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我对上学不感兴趣，但我对小孩子却很有耐心。A. children孩子； B. Christmas圣诞节； C. school学校；D. gifts礼物。根据上文“When I was young, I was a terrible student. ”可知，作者对上学不感兴趣。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到我如何帮助她的孩子做家庭作业，我的邻居说我长大应该会成为一位教师。A. provided提供；B. filled装；C. left离开；D. helped帮助。根据下文“my neighbor said that I should become a teacher when I grew up.”可知，作者是帮助邻居的孩子做家庭作业。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大学的第二个学期，我坐在儿童文学课上。A. slept睡觉；B. sat坐；C. waited等待；D. spoke说。根据下文“Our teacher _____9_____ a list of classic children’s books. ”可知，作者是坐在课堂上时，老师展示了一份经典儿童书的清单。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的老师展示了一个经典儿童书的清单。 A. received收到；B. asked要求；C. showed展示；D. wanted想要。根据上文“in my Children’s Literature class”可知，老师在课堂上把经典儿童书的清单展示给学生看。故选C项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时我想哭。A. rest休息；B. explain 解释；C. cry哭；D. travel旅行。结合下文“There on the dusty shelf sat the most amazing collection of children’s books any teacher could ____11___ to have.”可知，作者直到那时才意识到祖母送给自己的书是多么的珍贵，对自己的爱多么深沉，所以想哭。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在布满灰尘的书架上放着任何一个老师都想拥有的、最令人惊奇的一批儿童书。A. agree同意；B. hope希望；C. afford承担得起；D. happen发生。根据本句“the most amazing collection of children’s books”可知，祖母送我的这些儿童书都非常有价值，任何老师都希望拥有它们。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：祖母没有给我小女孩时期想要的东西，而是给了我她认为我需要的东西——一份持续一生的灵魂礼物。A. tell告诉；B. give给；C. read读；D. lend借。根据上文“I would think and then put it aside. ”可知，祖母没有送我小女孩想要的礼物。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：祖母没有给我小女孩时期想要的东西，而是给了我她认为我需要的东西——一份持续一生的灵魂礼物。A. forgot忘记；B. needed需要；C. repeated重复；D. doubted怀疑。根据上文“ It was then that I wanted to ____10______. I raced home and ran to the basement (地下室).”可知，作者这时意识到祖母送给了自己所需要的礼物。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我继续浇灌祖母很久以前种下种子。A. hurried匆忙；B. pretended假装；C. continued继续；D. refused拒绝。根据下文“trying my best to plant those tiny seeds in all my students”可知，作者继续浇灌祖母以前种下的种子。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从大学毕业了，获得了硕士学位，并成了一名教师，尽我最大的努力在我所有学生的身上播下那些幼小的种子。A. teacher教师；B. writer作家；C. manager经理；D. doctor医生。根据句中“trying my best to plant those tiny seeds in all my students” 可知，作者成为了一名教师。故选A项。
第二节(共 10 题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditional Chinese culture is beginning to capture the attention of the world. Kung fu, ____36____ (especial), has had a great effect ____37____ the millions of people who first learned about China through it. From that, they may come to China and learn about some other ____38____ (aspect) of this culture. Other Asian nations have long known about the ____39____ (great) of ancient Chinese culture. Their own cultures are ____40____ mix of native ones and those Chinese characteristics. Korea and Japan long ago adopted Confucianism, something that continues today even as it ____41____ (challenge) by pop culture. This strength comes from the ideas given in the Four Books of Confucianism, ____42____ built upon the ideas of an even ____43____ (much) ancient period codified (编纂) in the Five Classics. From them, the West learns what is uniquely Chinese, for example, feng shui. So far China has taken steps ____44____ (further) this spread of its culture by _____45_____ (establish) Chinese Cultural Centers in such places as the United States and Europe.
【答案】36. especially
37. on 38. aspects
39. greatness
40. a 41. is challenged
42. which 43. more
44. to further
45. establishing
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国传统文化的优势，已经开始引起世界的注意。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：尤其是功夫，对数百万通过功夫初次了解中国的人产生了巨大的影响。副词especially可以修饰名词等内容，表示陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调。故填especially。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意：同上。have a great effect on“对……有巨大的影响”是固定搭配。故填on。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：从那里，他们可能会来到中国，了解这种文化的其他方面。some后，可数名词aspect应用复数作介词about的宾语。故填aspects。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：其他亚洲国家早就知道中国古代文化的伟大。定冠词the后，应用其名词greatness(不可数)作介词about的宾语。故填greatness。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们自己的文化是本土文化和中国特色的混合。可数名词单数mix是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。mix以辅音音素开头，a max of意为“……的混合”。故填a。
【41题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：韩国和日本很久以前就接受了儒家思想，即使受到流行文化的挑战，这种思想今天仍在继续。动词challenge和主语之间是被动关系，根据前文continues today可知，此处描述现实情况，用一般现在时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填is challenged。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这种力量来自于《儒家四书》中的思想，它建立在《五经》中更古老时期的思想基础之上。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the Four Books of Confucianism，指代事物，应用关系代词which引导从句，作主语。故填which。
【43题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。根据句意和even可知，此处形容词ancient应用比较级more ancient。故填more。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，中国已采取措施，通过在美国和欧洲等地建立中国文化中心，进一步传播其文化。根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式，作目的状语，表示“为了”。故填to further。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。介词by后应用动名词作宾语。故填establishing。
第三部分写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，英国姐妹学校的Wendy同学来信，表示到访期间想参加你校的升国旗仪式（flag-raising ceremony），并询问相关信息。请你回信，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 仪式的时间、地点；
3. 仪式的意义。
参考词汇：national anthem（国歌）
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Wendy,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Wendy,
You are warmly welcome to visit our school and attend the flag-raising ceremony.
The flag-raising ceremony is usually held on the playground every Monday morning. Before the ceremony, all the students will gather together in school uniform. When the national anthem is played, all present will sing along, watching the flag raising slowly. The national flag, a symbol of a country, means a lot to every citizen. This weekly activity will help develop the awareness of loving our motherland.
Looking forward to your coming!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给来信表示到访期间想参加你校的升国旗仪式（flag-raising ceremony），并询问相关信息英国姐妹学校的Wendy同学回信。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
热烈地：passionately →warmly
培养：cultivate →develop
参加：participate in →attend
通常：often →usually
2.句式拓展
简单句变为复合句
原句：The national flag, a symbol of a country, means a lot to every citizen.
拓展句：The national flag is a symbol of a country, which means a lot to every citizen.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When the national anthem is played, all present will sing along, watching the flag raising slowly.这句话运用了现在分词作状语。
[高分句型2] Looking forward to your coming!这句话采用了省略主语谓语的省略结构。
第二节(满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A friend of mine whose name was Martin Brown had a bad memory, which made him really famous. He was so forgetful that he sometimes forgot what he was talking about in the middle of a sentence. His wife had to always remind him about his appointments, his classes or even his meals! Since Martin was a professor at a well-known university, his forgetfulness often caused him a lot of trouble. It wasn’t that he was unintelligent, as some critical people tended to say, he was just very, very absent-minded.
One hot summer day, Professor Brown decided to take his children to the beach. The seaside town he planned to visit was about a three-hour train ride away. To make the trip more interesting for his young children, he decided to keep the name of the town secret. Unfortunately, by the time Martin had arrived at the train station, the poor forgetful man had forgotten the name of the town. Luckily, a friend of his happened to be in the station. He offered to take care of the children while Martin went back home to find out where he was going.
The professor’s wife was surprised to see him back again so soon, but she laughed when she heard what was the matter. She distrusted his memory, so she wrote the name of the town on a piece of paper. Satisfied that she had solved the problem, she sent her husband off again. Ten minutes later, she was astonished to see him outside the house again.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右。
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1:
“What was the matter now ” asked his wife.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2:
Hearing the cry, the neighbours rushed out, trying to find out what had happened.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“What was the matter now ” asked his wife. “I just can’t remember…” Martin Brown swallowed his words, seeing his wife’s glaring eyes. Sensing something was wrong, the anxious Mrs. Brown immediately softened, “Calm down and think hard. Do you forget where you put the name of the town ” Staring into his eyes, Mrs. Brown tried hard to control her temper. Scratching his head, Brown told the truth that it wasn’t the name of the town but the children. Mrs. Brown soon came to realize that he forgot where he had left the children! She lost control and cried angrily.
Hearing the cry, out rushed the neighbours, trying to find out what had happened. The couple quarrelled so loudly that it would almost turn into a fight. Suddenly, the professor’s telephone rang. His friend, whose patience had worn out, called to complain that he as well as the children had waited for Martin Brown so long at the station. Thank goodness! The professor apologized and dashed into his car. Fearing that he may make matters worse, Mrs. Brown insisted on following this time. What relief and delight to see their children running towards them at the train station!
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，健忘的布朗先生经常会忘记一些事，他准备带孩子去旅行，但是在火车站忘记了目的地的小镇的名字，把孩子们留给朋友照顾，他匆匆回到了家，妻子把目的地的名字给他写在一个字条上，解决了布朗先生的问题。布朗先生再次出发。但十分钟后，妻子发现布朗先生又站在了屋外。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘现在又怎么了 ’他的妻子问。”可知，第一段可描写布朗先生又遇到了问题：他忘记了把孩子留在哪里了。
②由第二段首句内容“邻居们一听到喊叫声就冲了出来，想知道发生了什么事。”可知，第二段可描写布朗夫妇发生争吵，最后发现孩子被留在了车站。
2.续写线索：布郎先生回到家——妻子询问又怎么了——布郎忘记了孩子在哪里——和妻子发生争吵——接到朋友的电话想起孩子在火车站——妻子和布朗在火车站见到孩子们。
3.词汇激活
行为类
①叫喊： cry/scream
②争吵：quarrel/have words with
③坚持：insist on /stick to
情绪类
①焦虑的：anxious/worried
②高兴：delight/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型1]Scratching his head, Brown told the truth that it wasn’t the name of the town but the children. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导引导同位语从句)
[高分句型2]The couple quarrelled so loudly that it would almost turn into a fight. (运用了so…that引导的结果状语从句)
