2023-2024学年高一上学期英语期末考试自测卷
高一 英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Buy a new refrigerator.
B. Have the refrigerator fixed.
C. Put the refrigerator away.
2. What does Cathy want to do
A. Return some magazines.
B. Borrow some magazines.
C. Get some magazines back.
3. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Stay inside. B. Do more exercise . C. Take some medicine.
4. How old is the woman’s great-granddaughter
A. Three. B. Five. C. Six.
5. Who built the model train
A. The man and his father.
B. The man and, the woman.
C. The woman and her father.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给 出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.What did Jena forget to do
A.Tell the woman about the man’s call.
B.Make an appointment with the man.
C.Take her cell phone with her.
7.What will the woman do on Saturday
A.Go and visit Jena.
B.Have dinner with the man.
C.Make a phone call to her sister.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.What do we know about the man
A.He is hard-working.
B.He likes making things.
C.He paid $50 for the bookcase.
9.What does the man do in the end
A.He tells a joke.
B.He makes a future plan.
C.He asks the woman for help.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10.What are the speakers doing
A.Discussing their schedule.
B.Packing for a journey.
C.Deciding on a present.
11.What does Jacques like doing
A. Swimming. B. Playing basketball. C. Reading books on modern art.
12.What will the speakers most probably do next
A. Find a basketball. B. Leave home. C. Call a taxi.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13.When did the man’s boss call Jeff
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
14.How did Jeff explain everything
A. Over the phone. B. By e-mail. C. In person.
15.Why didn’t Jeff come to the office on Tuesday
A.He was sick.
B.He was off the day.
C.He was working somewhere else.
16.How does the woman sound in the end
A. Excited. B. Angry. C. Surprised.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.Why did the speaker go on the tour
A.It was the prize of a competition.
B.John asked her to go with him.
C.It was her travel plan.
18.What did the speaker dislike about the hotel
A. The drinks. B. The food. C. The waiters.
19.What did the speaker think of the trip to the museum
A. Disappointing. B. Amazing. C. Terrible.
20.What did the speaker do in the second week
A.She rode an elephant.
B.She went to the mountains.
C.She relaxed in the hotel.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，16小题;每小题2.5分，共40分)
第一节阅读下面四个语篇,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共11题，每小题2.5分;共27.5分)
A
Here are some superheroes in the fight against COVID-19 (新冠肺炎). Let’s come close to them and remember them.
Zhong Nanshan(1936.10—)
He is one of the famous medical scientists in the 21st century. Dr Zhong Nanshan was the first to tell the public that the virus could be transmitted from person to person. He is a good doctor in the countrymen’s eyes and respected by all Chinese people.
Li Lanjuan (1947.09—)
When COVID-19 broke out, she suggested that Wuhan should be locked down immediately to prevent the spread of the disease. She headed for Wuhan and took an active part in the battle. Now, she still receives patients every day.
WangYong(1985.12—)
As a delivery (快递) driver, he volunteered to support the medical staff in Wuhan during the epidemic (疫情). He tried his best to keep life going for the doctors and nurses. Time magazine has put on its cover, presenting the courage and hard work of common people.
Li Wenliang (1985.10—2020.02)
He is the first doctor to warn people how dangerous the virus could be at the end of last December, so people call him the “whistle-blower (吹哨人)”. Because of COVID-19 he lost his life on February, 2020. People across the country were sad to hear about his death.
1. Who is the oldest of the four people
A. Wang Yong B. Zhong Nanshan C. Li Lanjuan D. Kate
2. When did Li Wenliang warn people the danger of the virus
A. At the end of last December B. At the beginning of 2019
C. On February 7th, 2020 D. On April 10th
3. What did Wang Yong do during the epidemic
A. He drew a cover for Time Magazine.
B. He was busy with his own business.
C. He works on other occupation.
D. He volunteered to support the doctors and nurses to keep their life going.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四位抗击新冠疫情的英雄。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Zhong Nanshan(1936.10-)”可知，钟南山1936年出生；根据“Li Lanjuan (1947.09-)”可知，李兰娟1947年出生，根据“Wang Yong (1985.12-)”和“Li Wenliang (1985.10-2020.02)”可知，王勇和李文亮都是1985年出生的。由此可知，钟南山是四人中年龄最大的。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“He is the first doctor to warn people how dangerous the virus could be at the end of last December, so people call him the “whistle-blower (吹哨人)”.(他是第一个在去年12月底警告人们这种病毒可能有多危险的医生，所以人们称他为“吹哨人”)”可知，李文亮医生于2019年12月底警告人们病毒的危险性。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As a delivery (快递) driver, he volunteered to support the medical staff in Wuhan during the epidemic (疫情). He tried his best to keep life going for the doctors and nurses. (作为一名送货司机，他在疫情期间自愿为武汉的医务人员提供支持。他尽最大努力使医生和护士的生活继续下去)”可知，王勇在疫情期间自愿帮助医生和护士维持他们的生活。故选D。
B
There are multiple experiences a Westerner can describe as a “culture shock” in China, one of the fastest-growing economies, like eating mouthwatering baozi for breakfast. These experiences, however, paled in comparison to the one I experienced during my time in an organization I’ve been serving in for two years to provide free educational tours at my leisure — the advancement and equalizing of China’s known wealth disparity（差异）through the social network and cashless payment giant（巨头）, WeChat, which I rarely used before.
Last month, the organization led a thrilling trip to camp. Initially, we went through a village kept alive by the residents. The views there are so attractive and refreshing. Walking through endless red apple trees, I saw an elderly woman who gently offered to sell me apples. Unfortunately, I informed her I didn’t have cash on hand. She quickly told me to scan the QR code（二维码）on her phone, which in seconds would get my money into her bank account via WeChat. Needless to say, I was blown away. And of course, the apples were tasty.
As an advocate of financial growth opportunities in under-served communities, it was inspiring to witness that technology lets people contribute to the economy regardless of socioeconomic background in China. Though the socioeconomic problems remain to some extent, access to and adoption of technology creating financial opportunities transforms the lives of everyday citizens and enables communities to flower.
While I once didn’t believe a “cashless society” was possible and thought it could cause more unfavorable conditions, I now stand corrected. Perhaps it might take longer for New York City to adapt, as we lag behind in this transformation and there is so much we can learn. I also wonder what the human race can achieve when technology provides endless opportunities for people of all backgrounds to advance.
4. What does the first paragraph tell us about the author
A. She is struggling with culture shock.
B. She really enjoys Chinese breakfast.
C. She does voluntary work when free.
D. She likes using social networks.
5. Which of the following surprised the author during the trip
A. Scenery of the village. B. Taste of the apples.
C. Popularity of WeChat. D. The way of paying.
6. What is the author’s attitude to a cashless society
A. Critical. B. Positive.
C. Concerned. D. Curious.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. Technology helps narrow the wealth gap
B. New York will be the next cashless society
C. Humans will achieve more with technology
D. China becomes the fastest-growing economy
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己的一段经历，阐述了科技对中国生活的影响，无论贫富，都可以使用“无现金支付”，科技缩小了贫富差距。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“I’ve been serving in for two years to provide free educational tours at my leisure”可知，作者在空闲时间做志愿者，提供免费的教育之旅。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的She quickly told me to scan the QR code（二维码）on her phone, which in seconds would get my money into her bank account via WeChat. Needless to say, I was blown away.(她很快告诉我扫描她手机上的QR代码（二维码），几秒钟后，我的钱就会通过微信进入她的银行账户。当然，我印象深刻)可知，旅途中，令作者吃惊的是，付款的方式是微信二维码付款。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的While I once didn’t believe a “cashless society” was possible and thought it could cause more unfavorable conditions, I now stand corrected.可知，尽管作者不相信“无现金”的生活的可能性，认为可能会导致更多不利的状况，但是现在作者纠正（错误）。因此推断作者现在支持“无现金”的社会。故选B。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是第一段的 the advancement and equalizing of China’s known wealth disparity（差异）through the social network and cashless payment giant（巨头）, WeChat, which I rarely used before.(通过社交网络和无现金支付巨头微信(我以前很少使用它),中国众所周知的贫富差距得到了改善和平衡。)可知，作者通过讲述自己的经历，阐述了无线网络和无现金支付——微信改善和平衡了贫富差距。因此推断A项“科技有助于缩小贫富差距”为最佳标题。故选A。
C
Last year, wildfire spread through Boulder, Colorado. It wasn’t a hot summer day. It wasn’t a forested neighborhood. It was winter in the suburbs (郊区) . More than 1,000 homes and buildings burned.
Large parts of the country that don’t have wildfires are now at risk. They include nearly 80 million homes and buildings. That is what new data shows. Over the next 30 years, the risk will only grow. The group First Street Foundation created a program called Fire Factor. People can go to a website to learn what their wildfire risk is in 2022 and in 2052. Right now, about 16% of Americans live in risky places. By 2052, that will go up to 21%.
California will likely suffer a lot from wildfire. That’s partly because it is so big and partly because of its weather. So California will be on the top of the at-risk list. But nearly half of all at-risk Americans in 2052 will live in the southern half of the U.S. The South will be home to the largest number of people at high risk: 32 million. States like Texas, Florida, Oklahoma, and North and South Carolina will be “in the line of fire,” so to speak, and so will southwestern states like Arizona and New Mexico.
People are doing many things to make fire risk worse. They are moving to places where wildfire is a natural yearly event. They are building homes right next to plants and trees that can burn. Climate (气候) change has increased heat and dryness. That means any spark (火花) at any time can cause a big fire.
As with many climate threats, wildfires put minorities at the greatest risk. By 2052, about 44% of all Native Americans will live in places at majors risk from wildfire. Nearly 1 in 4 Hispanics will. People who don’t speak English or own cars will have a harder time learning about and getting away from a fast-moving fire.
8. What problem did Boulder have last year
A. Strange weather. B. Widespread wildfires.
C. Huge loss of forests. D. A rapid drop in populations.
9. What does the new data show
A. About 16% of Americans are safe now.
B. The risky areas of wildfire are increasing.
C. The risk of wildfire will be lowered in 2052.
D. Nearly 80 million homes are burnt down by wildfire.
10. What does the underlined word “minorities” in paragraph 5 mean
A. groups with foreign population. B. groups with native population.
C. groups with large population D. groups with small population
11. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Reasons why wildfire risk is worse. B. Dangers humans may face in the future.
C. Actions taken by humans to prevent fire. D. Suggestions for self-protection in wildfire.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国野火的危险区域正在增加，并指出造成这种局面人类有不可推卸的责任。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Last year, wildfire spread through Boulder, Colorado.(去年，野火蔓延到科罗拉多州的博尔德市)”和“More than 1,000 homes and buildings burned.(超过1000座房屋和建筑被烧毁)”可知，去年博尔德市遭遇了大范围的野火。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Large parts of the country that don’t have wildfires are now at risk. They include nearly 80 million homes and buildings. That is what new data shows. Over the next 30 years, the risk will only grow. (该国大部分没有野火的地区现在处于危险之中。其中包括近8000万户家庭和建筑。这就是新数据所显示的。在接下来的30年里，这种风险只会增加)”可知，新的数据表明野火的危险区域正在增加。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“By 2052, about 44% of all Native Americans will live in places at majors risk from wildfire. Nearly 1 in 4 Hispanics will. People who don’t speak English or own cars will have a harder time learning about and getting away from a fast-moving fire.(到2052年，大约44%的美洲原住民将生活在野火严重威胁的地方。近四分之一的西班牙裔美国人会这样做。那些不会说英语或没有车的人将很难了解并逃离一场快速蔓延的火灾)”可知，此处提到的美洲原住民、西班牙裔美国人以及不会说英语的人是美国人数较少的群体。由此猜测，划线词minorities意为“人口较少的群体”。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“People are doing many things to make fire risk worse. They are moving to places where wildfire is a natural yearly event. They are building homes right next to plants and trees that can burn. Climate (气候) change has increased heat and dryness. That means any spark (火花) at any time can cause a big fire.(人们做的很多事情都加剧了火灾风险。他们正搬到每年都会发生野火的地方。他们把房子建在可能燃烧的植物和树木旁边。气候变化加剧了炎热和干燥。这意味着任何时候的任何火花都可能引起一场大火)”可知，本段介绍了让野火加剧的原因——人类活动。故选A。
D
A group of researchers have developed a new material which is soft but very strong. It can be worn and washed like ordinary clothing and could finally turn sports clothes into smart “wearables”.
The so-called “carbon nanotube threads” (碳纳米管线) can be used to measure heart rate to test heart conditions. But instead of having to be stuck on the skin, they can be fixed on a T-shirt and worn like usual athletic wear. The researchers say the threads can comfortably move with the wearer, and be washed and worn repeatedly without breaking down.
Though going into production for customers is still a long way off, the material could finally help replace some medical facilities, such as the heart-rate monitoring machines and watches, in addition to other possible uses. For the latest study, researchers worked with a rope-maker to make the threads together into a material similar to ordinary thread that could be sewn (缝纫) into athletic clothes. The resulting “smart” shirt provides “soft, wearable, dry sensors for continuous” heart-rate monitoring, the study states. With some improvement, the clothes with these carbon nanotube threads could be able to track other human body life signs, according to the researchers.
The “smart” shirts aren’t entirely without wires (电线), however. One example shows the nanotube in the shirt feeding testing results to wires on the bottom that transmit the information through Bluetooth technology to a computer.
“The threadlike material — thin enough to run through a sewing machine — is not only soft and comfortable to the touch, but also so strong that you can build a powerline out of it,” said Dewy, a member of the research team. “Nothing else behaves like this promising material.”
12. What is the new material expected to do
A. Make a new style of sportswear. B. Take the place of traditional clothes.
C. Provide measurement for heartbeats. D. Help determine the type of an illness.
13. What does the underlined word “transmit” mean in paragraph 4
A. Send. B. Connect. C. Add. D. Track.
14. What can we learn about the new material
A. It’ll cause a waste of resources. B. It has gained a large sales market.
C. It has a bright future of development. D. It’ll improve the function of the heart.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Are Studying Human Body Life Signs
B. Advanced Medical Facilities Are Put into Wide Use
C. Smart Wearables Are Well Received Among Athletes
D. Carbon Nanotube Threads Are Created to Test Heart Rate
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是可测量心率的“碳纳米管线”。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“The so-called “carbon nanotube threads” can be used to measure heart rate to test heart conditions.（这种所谓的“碳纳米管线”可以用来测量心率，以测试心脏状况。）”可知，新材料的用途是提供心跳测量。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。结合常识和第四段的“ transmit the information through Bluetooth technology to a computer（通过蓝牙技术将信息 transmit到计算机）”可知，句子表达的是“通过蓝牙技术将信息传输到计算机上”，因此划线词的意思是“发送”，即Send，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Nothing else behaves like this promising material.（没有其他东西能像这种有前途的材料一样表现出色。）”可知，这种材料具有良好的发展前景。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“The so-called “carbon nanotube threads” (碳纳米管线) can be used to measure heart rate to test heart conditions.（这种所谓的“碳纳米管线”可以用来测量心率，以测试心脏状况。）”可知，本文主要介绍的是可测量心率的“碳纳米管线”，因此最好的题目是D选项“Carbon Nanotube Threads Are Created to Test Heart Rate（碳纳米管线被创造来测试心率）”，故选D。
第二节 阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going from middle school to freshman year of high school is a big change. ____16____
Be open to new friendships.
High school is all about experiencing new things including new friendships. Getting to know people you haven’t met before is a great way to broaden your horizons (眼界). ____17____ Simply sitting with a new person at lunch can be a good way to get it started.
Explore the campus.
For most people, going off to high school means heading off to a new campus. ____18____ They might be able to show you around the campus, which will make you a bit more comfortable as you go on with your freshman year.
Get organized (有条理的).
High school and middle school are very different in studying. ____19____ You can buy a planner and spend a few minutes each night going over the notes you took in class that day. Staying on top of your studies will make it much easier to get used to high school.
____20____
While there’s no need to plan every day for the next three years, it can’t hurt to make a note of classes you want to take or activities you’d like to try. Believe it or not, the three years go by really fast. Having a plan in place will help you make the most of your high school experience.
A. Be open to new experiences.
B. If you’re nervous, start small.
C. Create a three-year plan.
D. That way, you’ll have a better idea of some of the things you can expect.
E. Try to get as organized as possible so you can stay on top of your work.
F. Here are some ways to help you deal with bad feelings and prepare for the first year.
G. If you worry about the unknown, reach out to the school and see if someone can help.
【答案】16. F 17. B 18. G 19. E 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述从初中到高一对于初升高的学生们是一个很大的挑战，文章也是介绍了在这个时期可以缓解问题的几种方式。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Going from middle school to freshman year of high school is a big challenge.(从初中到高一是一个很大的挑战)”可知，本句引起全文话题，而下文中出现了小标题，说明这里需要一个过渡句承上启下，F项“以下是一些帮助你处理焦虑情绪并为第一年做好准备的方法”符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Getting to know people you haven’t met before is a great way to broaden your horizons.(结识你从未见过的人是拓宽你视野的好方法)”和下文“Simply sitting with a new person at lunch can be enough to get the ball rolling.(仅仅是和一个陌生人共进午餐就足以让事情开始发展)”可知，与陌生人接触是可以增加人脉的方法之一，其实用很简单很小的方式，比如共进午餐就可以作为发展关系的开始。B项“如果你紧张，从小事做起”符合语境，其中“start small”可以对应“at lunch”这件小事。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据上文“For most people, going off to high school means heading off to a new campus.(对大多数人来说，上高中意味着要去一个新的校园)”以及后文“They might be able to show you around the campus, which will make you a bit more comfortable as you go on with your freshman year.(他们可能会带你参观校园，这会让你在大一的时候更舒服一些)”可知，上文提到了去新校园，后文提到了有人带你参观校园，可知本句是在建议联系学校，寻求帮助。故G选项“如果你对未知的事情感到担心，那就联系学校，看看是否有人能帮你”符合语境，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“High school and middle school are very different in studying.(高中和初中在学习上有很大的不同)”和下文“You can buy a planner and spend a few minutes each night going over the notes you took in class that day. (你可以买一个记事本，每天晚上花几分钟复习你当天在课堂上做的笔记)”可知，本段主要讲述在学习方面初高中的不同，作者也给出具体的做法要对于学习有所整理，在E项“尽可能有条理，这样你就可以学得很好”符合语境，其中“as organized as possible(尽可能有条理)”与小标题“Get organized.(要有条理。)”对应。故选E。
【20题详解】
根据本段内容“While there’s no need to plan every day for the next three years, it can’t hurt to make a note of classes you want to take or activities you’d like to try. Believe it or not, the three years go by really fast. Having a plan in place will help you make the most of your high school experience.(虽然没有必要为未来三年的每一天做计划，但把你想参加的课程或想尝试的活动记下来也无妨。信不信由你，三年过得真快。有一个适当的计划将帮助你充分利用你的高中经历)”可知，本段的主旨是建议制定一个三年计划。故C选项“制定一个三年计划”符合语境，故选C。
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How did Cape Town, South Africa, get into a Day Zero situation—when the city’s taps would go dry because its reservoirs (水库)would become dangerously low on water The city gets its water from six reservoirs in Western Cape province, which usually ______21______ during the rainy season, from May through August. But since 2015 the region has been suffering from the worst drought (干旱)in a century, and the water in those reservoirs______22______ tremendously. Compounding the problem, Cape Town’s population has grown substantially, increasing ______23______ . The city actually did a pretty good job by reducing leaks in the system, a major cause of water waste, and has even won awards for its ______24______ policies. But the government of South Africa was slow to declare a national disaster in the areas hit hardest by the drought, paving the way for the recent ______25______.
Cape Town is not ______26______ . Since 2014 southeastern Brazil has been suffering its worst water shortage in 80 years,_____27_____ decreased rainfall, forestation and other factors. And many cities in India do not have access to municipal water for more than a few hours a day, if at all.______28______ , the city of Shimla ran out of drinking water in May, urging locals to beg tourists to stay away from the popular Himalayan summer resort.
In the U.S., the situation is somewhat better, but many urban centers still ______29______ water problems. Californians recent multiyear drought led to some of the state’s driest years on record. Since about half of the state’s urban water usage is for landscaping, it was able to cut back on that fairly easily. But cities that use most of their water for more essential uses, such as drinking water, may not be so ______30______ .
______31______ , steps can be taken to avoid urban water crises. In general, a “portfolio approach” that relies on multiple water sources is probably most ______32______ . Cape Town has already begun implementing a number of water projects, including tapping groundwater and building water-recycling plants. Many other cities will need to repair existing water infrastructure (基础建设)to cut down on leakage. City leaders should be thinking about meeting long-term needs rather than just about ______33______ requirements. Good organization and financial accountability are equally critical. And planning efforts should include diverse stakeholders (利益相关者)from the community. One major challenge is providing services to informal areas, which develop without any government foresight. Such regions often ______34______ basic resources一a well-planned water supply among them. The global community has an opportunity right now to take action to prevent a series of Day Zero crises. If we don’t act, many cities may soon face a time when there isn’t a drop to ______35______ .
21. A. take over B. fill up C. make off D. set out
22. A. decreased B. rose C. remained D. drowned
23. A. likelihood B. proportion C. demand D. efficiency
24. A. architecture B. agriculture C. economy D. conservation
25. A. policy B. growth C. crisis D. change
26. A. enough B. possible C. difficult D. alone
27. A. making up for B. resulting from C. taking advantage of D. looking into
28. A. In a word B. By comparison C. What’s worse D. For example
29. A. avoid B. solve C. discuss D. face
30. A. passive B. purposeful C. adaptable D. reliable
31. A. Similarly B. Fortunately C. Initially D. Alternatively
32. A. questionable B. memorable C. effective D. confusing
33. A. daily B. legal C. maximum D. normal
34. A. neglect B. lack C. provide D. find
35. A. drink B. pour C. place D. record
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了世界上许多地区和城市出现了“零日危机”，也就是水资源短缺问题。
【21题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：该市从西开普省的六个水库取水，这些水库通常在5月至8月的雨季填满。A. take over接管；B. fill up注满；C. make off匆忙离开；D. set out出发。根据后文“during the rainy season, from May through August”可知，在雨季应该是填满水库。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但自2015年以来，该地区遭受了一个世纪以来最严重的干旱，这些水库的水量大幅减少。A. decreased减少；B. rose上升；C. remained仍然是；D. drowned淹死。根据前文“But since 2015 the region has been suffering from the worst drought in a century”可知，该地区遭受了一个世纪以来最严重的干旱，所以水库的水量减少。故选A项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：开普敦的人口大幅增长，增加了需求，使问题更加复杂。A. likelihood可能性；B. proportion份额；C. demand需要；D. efficiency效率。根据前文“Cape Town’s population has grown substantially”可知，开普敦的人口增长了，所以提高了水的需求。故选C项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，该市在减少系统泄漏方面做得相当不错，这是造成水浪费的主要原因，甚至还因其保护政策而获奖。A. architecture建筑学；B. agriculture农业；C. economy经济；D. conservation防止流失(或浪费、损害、毁坏)。根据前文“The city actually did a pretty good job by reducing leaks in the system”可知，该市在减少系统泄漏方面做得相当不错，所以是因为保护政策而获奖。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但南非政府迟迟没有宣布受干旱影响最严重地区进入全国灾难，为最近的危机铺平了道路。A. policy政策；B. growth成长；C. crisis危机；D. change改变。根据前文“But since 2015 the region has been suffering from the worst drought in a century”可知，最近发生了严重的干旱危机。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开普敦并不孤单。A. enough充足的；B. possible可能的；C. difficult困难的；D. alone单独的。根据后文“Since 2014 southeastern Brazil has been suffering its worst water shortage in 80 years, 7 decreased rainfall, forestation and other factors.”以及本段后面的内容可知，巴西东南部，印度的许多城市都出现水资源短缺的问题。所以开普敦并不孤单。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词组辨析。句意：自2014年以来，由于降雨量减少、植树造林和其他因素，巴西东南部遭遇了80年来最严重水资源短缺。A. making up for弥补；B. resulting from由于；C. taking advantage of利用；D. looking into考察。根据后文“decreased rainfall, forestation and other factors.”可知，巴西东南部遭遇水资源短缺的原因是由于降雨量减少、植树造林和其他因素。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，今年5月，西姆拉市(Shimla)的饮用水告罄，当地居民呼吁游客远离这个喜马拉雅避暑胜地。A. In a word总而言之；B. By comparison通过比较；C. What’s worse更糟糕的是；D. For example例如。根据前文“And many cities in India do not have access to municipal water for more than a few hours a day, if at all.”以及后文“the city of Shimla ran out of drinking water in May, urging locals to beg tourists to stay away from the popular Himalayan summer resort.”可知，此处是在举例说明印度的许多城市出现了水资源短缺的问题。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，情况要好一些，但许多城市中心仍然面临水的问题。A. avoid避免；B. solve解决；C. discuss讨论；D. face面对。根据前文“In the U.S., the situation is somewhat better”以及句中的转折连词but，可知，此处表达“许多城市中心仍然面临水的问题”之意。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，将大部分水用于更重要用途的城市，比如饮用水，可能就没有这么强的适应性。A. passive消极的；B. purposeful有目的的；C. adaptable有适应能力的；D. reliable可依靠的。根据前文“Since about half of the state’s urban water usage is for landscaping, it was able to cut back on that fairly easily. But cities that use most of their water for more essential uses, such as drinking water”可知，减少景观美化用水比较容易，但是减少更重要用途的水，就没那么容易让人适应了。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，可以采取措施避免城市水危机。A. Similarly相似地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Initially起初；D. Alternatively或者。根据后文“steps can be taken to avoid urban water crises.”可知，可以采取措施避免城市水危机，所以是幸运地。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一般来说，依靠多种水源的“组合方法”可能是最有效的。A. questionable有问题的；B. memorable值得纪念的；C. effective有效的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据前文“relies on multiple water sources”根据常识可知，解决水短缺问题，依靠多种水源是最有效的。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：城市领导人应该考虑满足长期需求，而不仅仅是日常需求。A. daily日常的；B. legal合法的；C. maximum最高的；D. normal正常的。根据前文“City leaders should be thinking about meeting long-term needs rather than”可知，此处是和长期需求做对比，结合选项可知，日常需求符合题意。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些地区通常缺乏基本资源一其中缺乏规划良好的供水。A. neglect忽略；B. lack缺乏；C. provide提供；D. find发现。根据前文“One major challenge is providing services to informal areas, which develop without any government foresight.”根据常识可知，非正规地区一般是缺少资源的。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不采取行动，许多城市可能很快就会面临无水可喝的局面。A. drink喝；B. pour倾倒；C. place安放；D. record记录。根据前文“If we don’t act”可知，如果我们不采取行动，许多城市可能很快就会面临无水可喝的局面。故选A项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we know, the National Games ___36___ (take) place in the ancient capital Xi’an in Shaanxi Province in September, 2021. As the capital of 13 dynasties throughout Chinese history, the ancient city has never been far from sports. It ___37___ (hold) a lot of sports events since the Western Zhou Dynasty, of which cuju is one example.
Cuju, ___38___ ancient Chinese competitive game, involves kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor of football, cuju ___39___ (original) appeared in the famous Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce, ___40___ described cuju as a form of entertainment (娱乐) among the general public.
Later, cuju was commonly played in the army during the Han Dynasty. Liu Che, Emperor Wu, was crazy about cuju ___41___ would set up a cuju field wherever his army went. He used cuju as a way of training soldiers.
The ___42___ (early) record of women cuju players can also date back to the Han Dynasty. We can see from some paintings females with their hair ___43___ (tie) waving their long sleeves (衣袖) when playing cuju. Up to the Tang Dynasty, women players became popular at the court, as emperors enjoyed watching football games. At that time, various skills were used in playing cuju, mainly ___44___ (serve) as entertainment purposes.
As a way of national culture ___45___ (protect), cuju was listed into the first China’s intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
【答案】36. took
37. has held
38. an 39. originally
40. which 41. and
42. earliest
43. tied 44. serving
45. protection
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是蹴鞠这项运动。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：据我们所知，全运会于2021年9月在陕西省古都西安举行。由“in September, 2021”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式took。故填took。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自西周以来，它举办了许多体育赛事，其中蹴鞠就是一个例子。由since可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语It是单数，因此空格处是has held。故填has held。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：蹴鞠是中国古代的一种竞技游戏，比赛内容是将球踢过洞口入网。game是可数名词的单数形式，且表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，ancient是元音音素开头，前面不定冠词用an，故填an。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：作为足球的鼻祖，蹴鞠最早出现在中国著名的历史著作《战国策》中，这本书将蹴鞠描述为一种普通大众的娱乐形式。空格处用副词originally修饰动词appeared，故填originally。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：作为足球的鼻祖，蹴鞠最早出现在中国著名的历史著作《战国策》中，这本书将蹴鞠描述为一种普通大众的娱乐形式。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Zhan Guo Ce是物，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：汉武帝刘彻酷爱蹴鞠，无论军队走到哪里，都要建立蹴鞠场。根据语境可知，前后两句是并列关系，因此空格处用表示并列的连词and，故填and。
【42题详解】
考查最高级。句意：关于女子蹴鞠者的最早记载也可追溯到汉代。The后跟形容词的最高级，即earliest。故填earliest。
【43题详解】
考查with复合结构。句意：我们可以从一些绘画中看到，女性在打蹴鞠时，会挽起头发，挥动长袖。空格处是with复合结构，hair和tie之间是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填tied。
【44题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：当时，蹴鞠运动使用各种技巧，主要是为了娱乐目的。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是were used，空格处用非谓语动词，skills和serve之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填serving。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：2006年，作为国家文化保护的一种方式，蹴鞠被列为中国第一批非物质文化遗产。根据语境可知，句子表示“作为国家文化保护的一种方式，蹴鞠被列为中国第一批非物质文化遗产”，空格处用名词protection作宾语，culture protection意为“文化保护”，故填protection。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华。你校最近举办了一场运动会，请给你的美国笔友Jonah写一封邮件，介绍运动会的相关情况及比赛中一件令你难忘的事。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jonah,
I have something exciting to tell you. Our school held a sports meeting at the school stadium last week. The event included all kinds of track and field competitions. Four boys from my class took part in the 4×100m relay race. Our team took the lead at first. But Wang Hui, the last to run, fell down suddenly when he took the stick from another boy. His knee was injured, but he stood up and kept on running towards the finish line. Deeply touched by his courage, all the audience cheered loudly. Although he was the last one to reach the finish line, our class was rewarded the Excellent Group Award because he didn’t give up.
Do you have anything interesting to tell me
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给Jonah写信，告诉他你校运动的情况，以及比赛中一件令你难忘的事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
令人兴奋的：exciting→thrilling
参加：take part in→join in/participate in
感动；touch→move
达到：reach→get to/arrive at
2.句型拓展
合并简单句
原句：I have something exciting to tell you Our school held a sports meeting at the school stadium last week.
拓展句：I’d like to tell you exciting news that our school held a sports meeting at the school stadium last week.
【点睛】[高分句型1]But Wang Hui, the last to run, fell down suddenly when he took the stick from another boy.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]Although he was the last one to reach the finish line, our class was rewarded the Excellent Group Award because he didn’t give up.（运用了although引导的让步状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句）
第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Years ago, in a small fishing village in Holland, a young boy taught the world about the rewards of unselfish service．
Because the entire village lived on fishing a volunteer rescue team was needed in case of emergency. One night, the winds screaming, a fishing boat was turned over by a strong storm at sea．The crew(全体船 员) in trouble sent out the S.O.S signals．The captain of the rescue rowboat team sounded the alarm(警报) and the villagers gathered in the town square overlooking the sea．When the team got on their rescue boat and fought their way through the wild waves, the villagers waited nervously on the beach, holding lamps(灯) to light the way back．
An hour later, the rescue boat reappeared through the fog( 雾 ) and the cheering villagers ran to greet them．Falling exhausted(精疲力竭的) on the sand, the volunteers reported that the rescue boat could not hold any more passengers and they had to leave one man behind ．Even one more passenger would have surely overturned the rescue boat and all the people on board would have been lost．
Anxiously, the captain called for another volunteer team to look for the survivor ．Sixteen-year-old Hans stepped forward ． His mother held his arm, crying, “please don't go ． Your father died in a shipwreck(船只失事)10 years ago and your elder brother, Paul, has been lost at sea for three weeks．Hans, you are all I have left．”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hans replied, “Mother, I have to go．
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After what seemed a century, the rescue boat finally broke through the thick fog, with Hans standing in the bow(船头), waving to the waiting crowds.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hans replied, “Mother, I have to go．What if everyone said he can't go, let someone else do it Mother, this time I have to do my duty．When the call for service comes , we all need to take our turn and do our part．”Although his mother still hoped her son could change his mind, Hans kissed his mother, joined the team and disappeared into the night．
After what seemed a century, the rescue boat finally broke through the thick fog , with Hans standing up in the bow(船头), waving to the waiting crowds．On seeing the boat, the crowd, who had been waiting with anxiety, now burst into cheers. All the people went up to welcome the rescue team. Cupping his hands, the captain called, “did you find the lost man ” Hardly able to control himself, Hans excitedly cried back, “Yes, we found him. Tell my mother it's my elder brother, Paul!”
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个小男孩向世界宣讲了无私服务的回报的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“汉斯回答说:“妈妈，我得走了”可知，第一段可描写小男孩坚持自己去。
②由第二段首句内容“似乎过了一个世纪，救援船终于冲破了浓雾，汉斯站在船头，向等待的人群挥手致意。”可知，第二段可描写救援船回归，找到了失踪的人--保罗。
2.续写线索：海难—— 小男孩自告奋勇—— 等待—— 回归
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.加入：join/take part in/participate in
②.欢呼：cheer/burst into cheers
情绪类
①. 焦虑：with anxiety/anxious/nervous
②.兴奋：excitedly/with excitement
【点睛】[高分句型1]On seeing the boat, the crowd, who had been waiting with anxiety, now burst into cheers.（who 引导的非限制性定语从句）
[高分句型2]Cupping his hands, the captain called, “did you find the lost man ”（非谓语动词作状语）2023-2024学年高一上学期英语期末考试自测卷
高一 英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What will the woman do next
A. Buy a new refrigerator.
B. Have the refrigerator fixed.
C. Put the refrigerator away.
2. What does Cathy want to do
A. Return some magazines.
B. Borrow some magazines.
C. Get some magazines back.
3 What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Stay inside. B. Do more exercise . C. Take some medicine.
4. How old is the woman’s great-granddaughter
A. Three. B. Five. C. Six.
5. Who built the model train
A. The man and his father.
B. The man and, the woman.
C. The woman and her father.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给 出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6.What did Jena forget to do
A.Tell the woman about the man’s call.
B.Make an appointment with the man.
C.Take her cell phone with her.
7.What will the woman do on Saturday
AGo and visit Jena.
B.Have dinner with the man.
C.Make a phone call to her sister.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8.What do we know about the man
A.He is hard-working.
B.He likes making things.
C.He paid $50 for the bookcase.
9.What does the man do in the end
A.He tells a joke.
B.He makes a future plan.
C.He asks the woman for help.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10.What are the speakers doing
A.Discussing their schedule.
B.Packing for a journey.
C.Deciding on a present.
11What does Jacques like doing
A. Swimming. B. Playing basketball. C. Reading books on modern art.
12.What will the speakers most probably do next
A. Find a basketball. B. Leave home. C. Call a taxi.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13.When did the man’s boss call Jeff
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
14.How did Jeff explain everything
A. Over the phone. B. By e-mail. C. In person.
15.Why didn’t Jeff come to the office on Tuesday
A.He was sick.
B.He was off the day.
C.He was working somewhere else.
16.How does the woman sound in the end
A. Excited. B. Angry. C. Surprised.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17.Why did the speaker go on the tour
A.It was the prize of a competition.
B.John asked her to go with him.
C.It was her travel plan.
18.What did the speaker dislike about the hotel
A. The drinks. B. The food. C. The waiters.
19.What did the speaker think of the trip to the museum
A. Disappointing. B. Amazing. C. Terrible.
20.What did the speaker do in the second week
A.She rode an elephant.
B.She went to the mountains.
C.She relaxed in the hotel.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，16小题;每小题2.5分，共40分)
第一节阅读下面四个语篇,从每题所给的A.B.C.D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共11题，每小题2.5分;共27.5分)
A
Here are some superheroes in the fight against COVID-19 (新冠肺炎). Let’s come close to them and remember them.
Zhong Nanshan(1936.10—)
He is one of the famous medical scientists in the 21st century. Dr Zhong Nanshan was the first to tell the public that the virus could be transmitted from person to person. He is a good doctor in the countrymen’s eyes and respected by all Chinese people.
Li Lanjuan (1947.09—)
When COVID-19 broke out, she suggested that Wuhan should be locked down immediately to prevent the spread of the disease. She headed for Wuhan and took an active part in the battle. Now, she still receives patients every day.
WangYong(1985.12—)
As a delivery (快递) driver, he volunteered to support the medical staff in Wuhan during the epidemic (疫情). He tried his best to keep life going for the doctors and nurses. Time magazine has put on its cover, presenting the courage and hard work of common people.
Li Wenliang (1985.10—2020.02)
He is the first doctor to warn people how dangerous the virus could be at the end of last December, so people call him the “whistle-blower (吹哨人)”. Because of COVID-19 he lost his life on February, 2020. People across the country were sad to hear about his death.
1. Who is the oldest of the four people
A. Wang Yong B. Zhong Nanshan C. Li Lanjuan D. Kate
2. When did Li Wenliang warn people the danger of the virus
A. At the end of last December B. At the beginning of 2019
C. On February 7th, 2020 D. On April 10th
3. What did Wang Yong do during the epidemic
A. He drew a cover for Time Magazine.
B. He was busy with his own business.
C. He works on other occupation.
D. He volunteered to support the doctors and nurses to keep their life going.
B
There are multiple experiences a Westerner can describe as a “culture shock” in China, one of the fastest-growing economies, like eating mouthwatering baozi for breakfast. These experiences, however, paled in comparison to the one I experienced during my time in an organization I’ve been serving in for two years to provide free educational tours at my leisure — the advancement and equalizing of China’s known wealth disparity（差异）through the social network and cashless payment giant（巨头）, WeChat, which I rarely used before.
Last month, the organization led a thrilling trip to camp. Initially, we went through a village kept alive by the residents. The views there are so attractive and refreshing. Walking through endless red apple trees, I saw an elderly woman who gently offered to sell me apples. Unfortunately, I informed her I didn’t have cash on hand. She quickly told me to scan the QR code（二维码）on her phone, which in seconds would get my money into her bank account via WeChat. Needless to say, I was blown away. And of course, the apples were tasty.
As an advocate of financial growth opportunities in under-served communities, it was inspiring to witness that technology lets people contribute to the economy regardless of socioeconomic background in China. Though the socioeconomic problems remain to some extent, access to and adoption of technology creating financial opportunities transforms the lives of everyday citizens and enables communities to flower.
While I once didn’t believe a “cashless society” was possible and thought it could cause more unfavorable conditions, I now stand corrected. Perhaps it might take longer for New York City to adapt, as we lag behind in this transformation and there is so much we can learn. I also wonder what the human race can achieve when technology provides endless opportunities for people of all backgrounds to advance.
4. What does the first paragraph tell us about the author
A. She is struggling with culture shock.
B. She really enjoys Chinese breakfast.
C. She does voluntary work when free.
D. She likes using social networks.
5. Which of the following surprised the author during the trip
A. Scenery of the village. B. Taste of the apples.
C. Popularity of WeChat. D. The way of paying.
6. What is the author’s attitude to a cashless society
A. Critical. B. Positive.
C. Concerned. D. Curious.
7. What is the best title for the text
A. Technology helps narrow the wealth gap
B. New York will be the next cashless society
C. Humans will achieve more with technology
D. China becomes the fastest-growing economy
C
Last year, wildfire spread through Boulder, Colorado. It wasn’t a hot summer day. It wasn’t a forested neighborhood. It was winter in the suburbs (郊区) . More than 1,000 homes and buildings burned.
Large parts of the country that don’t have wildfires are now at risk. They include nearly 80 million homes and buildings. That is what new data shows. Over the next 30 years the risk will only grow. The group First Street Foundation created a program called Fire Factor. People can go to a website to learn what their wildfire risk is in 2022 and in 2052. Right now, about 16% of Americans live in risky places. By 2052, that will go up to 21%.
California will likely suffer a lot from wildfire. That’s partly because it is so big and partly because of its weather. So California will be on the top of the at-risk list. But nearly half of all at-risk Americans in 2052 will live in the southern half of the U.S. The South will be home to the largest number of people at high risk: 32 million. States like Texas, Florida, Oklahoma, and North and South Carolina will be “in the line of fire,” so to speak, and so will southwestern states like Arizona and New Mexico.
People are doing many things to make fire risk worse. They are moving to places where wildfire is a natural yearly event. They are building homes right next to plants and trees that can burn. Climate (气候) change has increased heat and dryness. That means any spark (火花) at any time can cause a big fire.
As with many climate threats, wildfires put minorities at the greatest risk. By 2052, about 44% of all Native Americans will live in places at majors risk from wildfire. Nearly 1 in 4 Hispanics will. People who don’t speak English or own cars will have a harder time learning about and getting away from a fast-moving fire.
8. What problem did Boulder have last year
A. Strange weather. B. Widespread wildfires.
C. Huge loss of forests. D. A rapid drop in populations.
9. What does the new data show
A. About 16% of Americans are safe now.
B. The risky areas of wildfire are increasing.
C. The risk of wildfire will be lowered in 2052.
D. Nearly 80 million homes are burnt down by wildfire.
10. What does the underlined word “minorities” in paragraph 5 mean
A. groups with foreign population. B. groups with native population.
C. groups with large population D. groups with small population
11. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Reasons why wildfire risk is worse. B. Dangers humans may face in the future.
C. Actions taken by humans to prevent fire. D. Suggestions for self-protection in wildfire.
D
A group of researchers have developed a new material which is soft but very strong. It can be worn and washed like ordinary clothing and could finally turn sports clothes into smart “wearables”.
The so-called “carbon nanotube threads” (碳纳米管线) can be used to measure heart rate to test heart conditions. But instead of having to be stuck on the skin, they can be fixed on a T-shirt and worn like usual athletic wear. The researchers say the threads can comfortably move with the wearer, and be washed and worn repeatedly without breaking down.
Though going into production for customers is still a long way off, the material could finally help replace some medical facilities, such as the heart-rate monitoring machines and watches, in addition to other possible uses. For the latest study, researchers worked with a rope-maker to make the threads together into a material similar to ordinary thread that could be sewn (缝纫) into athletic clothes. The resulting “smart” shirt provides “soft, wearable, dry sensors for continuous” heart-rate monitoring, the study states. With some improvement, the clothes with these carbon nanotube threads could be able to track other human body life signs, according to the researchers.
The “smart” shirts aren’t entirely without wires (电线), however. One example shows the nanotube in the shirt feeding testing results to wires on the bottom that transmit the information through Bluetooth technology to a computer.
“The threadlike material — thin enough to run through a sewing machine — is not only soft and comfortable to the touch, but also so strong that you can build a powerline out of it,” said Dewy, a member of the research team. “Nothing else behaves like this promising material.”
12. What is the new material expected to do
A. Make a new style of sportswear. B. Take the place of traditional clothes.
C. Provide measurement for heartbeats. D. Help determine the type of an illness.
13. What does the underlined word “transmit” mean in paragraph 4
A. Send. B. Connect. C. Add. D. Track.
14. What can we learn about the new material
A. It’ll cause a waste of resources. B. It has gained a large sales market.
C. It has a bright future of development. D. It’ll improve the function of the heart.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Scientists Are Studying Human Body Life Signs
B. Advanced Medical Facilities Are Put into Wide Use
C. Smart Wearables Are Well Received Among Athletes
D. Carbon Nanotube Threads Are Created to Test Heart Rate
第二节 阅读填空(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going from middle school to freshman year of high school is a big change. ____16____
Be open to new friendships.
High school is all about experiencing new things, including new friendships. Getting to know people you haven’t met before is a great way to broaden your horizons (眼界). ____17____ Simply sitting with a new person at lunch can be a good way to get it started.
Explore the campus.
For most people, going off to high school means heading off to a new campus. ____18____ They might be able to show you around the campus, which will make you a bit more comfortable as you go on with your freshman year.
Get organized (有条理的).
High school and middle school are very different in studying. ____19____ You can buy a planner and spend a few minutes each night going over the notes you took in class that day. Staying on top of your studies will make it much easier to get used to high school.
____20____
While there’s no need to plan every day for the next three years, it can’t hurt to make a note of classes you want to take or activities you’d like to try. Believe it or not, the three years go by really fast. Having a plan in place will help you make the most of your high school experience.
A. Be open to new experiences.
B. If you’re nervous, start small.
C. Create a three-year plan.
D. That way, you’ll have a better idea of some of the things you can expect.
E. Try to get as organized as possible so you can stay on top of your work.
F Here are some ways to help you deal with bad feelings and prepare for the first year.
G. If you worry about the unknown, reach out to the school and see if someone can help.
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
How did Cape Town, South Africa, get into a Day Zero situation—when the city’s taps would go dry because its reservoirs (水库)would become dangerously low on water The city gets its water from six reservoirs in Western Cape province, which usually ______21______ during the rainy season, from May through August. But since 2015 the region has been suffering from the worst drought (干旱)in a century, and the water in those reservoirs______22______ tremendously. Compounding the problem, Cape Town’s population has grown substantially, increasing ______23______ . The city actually did a pretty good job by reducing leaks in the system, a major cause of water waste, and has even won awards for its ______24______ policies. But the government of South Africa was slow to declare a national disaster in the areas hit hardest by the drought, paving the way for the recent ______25______.
Cape Town is not ______26______ . Since 2014 southeastern Brazil has been suffering its worst water shortage in 80 years,_____27_____ decreased rainfall, forestation and other factors. And many cities in India do not have access to municipal water for more than a few hours a day, if at all.______28______ , the city of Shimla ran out of drinking water in May, urging locals to beg tourists to stay away from the popular Himalayan summer resort.
In the U.S., the situation is somewhat better, but many urban centers still ______29______ water problems. Californians recent multiyear drought led to some of the state’s driest years on record. Since about half of the state’s urban water usage is for landscaping, it was able to cut back on that fairly easily. But cities that use most of their water for more essential uses, such as drinking water, may not be so ______30______ .
______31______ , steps can be taken to avoid urban water crises. In general, a “portfolio approach” that relies on multiple water sources is probably most ______32______ . Cape Town has already begun implementing a number of water projects, including tapping groundwater and building water-recycling plants. Many other cities will need to repair existing water infrastructure (基础建设)to cut down on leakage. City leaders should be thinking about meeting long-term needs rather than just about ______33______ requirements. Good organization and financial accountability are equally critical. And planning efforts should include diverse stakeholders (利益相关者)from the community. One major challenge is providing services to informal areas, which develop without any government foresight. Such regions often ______34______ basic resources一a well-planned water supply among them. The global community has an opportunity right now to take action to prevent a series of Day Zero crises. If we don’t act, many cities may soon face a time when there isn’t a drop to ______35______ .
21. A. take over B. fill up C. make off D. set out
22. A. decreased B. rose C. remained D. drowned
23. A. likelihood B. proportion C. demand D. efficiency
24. A. architecture B. agriculture C. economy D. conservation
25. A. policy B. growth C. crisis D. change
26. A. enough B. possible C. difficult D. alone
27. A. making up for B. resulting from C. taking advantage of D. looking into
28. A. In a word B. By comparison C. What’s worse D. For example
29. A. avoid B. solve C. discuss D. face
30. A. passive B. purposeful C. adaptable D. reliable
31. A. Similarly B. Fortunately C. Initially D. Alternatively
32. A. questionable B. memorable C. effective D. confusing
33. A. daily B. legal C. maximum D. normal
34. A. neglect B. lack C. provide D. find
35. A. drink B. pour C. place D. record
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we know, the National Games ___36___ (take) place in the ancient capital Xi’an in Shaanxi Province in September, 2021. As the capital of 13 dynasties throughout Chinese history, the ancient city has never been far from sports. It ___37___ (hold) a lot of sports events since the Western Zhou Dynasty, of which cuju is one example.
Cuju, ___38___ ancient Chinese competitive game, involves kicking a ball through an opening into a net. As the ancestor of football, cuju ___39___ (original) appeared in the famous Chinese historical work Zhan Guo Ce, ___40___ described cuju as a form of entertainment (娱乐) among the general public.
Later, cuju was commonly played in the army during the Han Dynasty. Liu Che, Emperor Wu, was crazy about cuju ___41___ would set up a cuju field wherever his army went. He used cuju as a way of training soldiers.
The ___42___ (early) record of women cuju players can also date back to the Han Dynasty. We can see from some paintings females with their hair ___43___ (tie) waving their long sleeves (衣袖) when playing cuju. Up to the Tang Dynasty, women players became popular at the court, as emperors enjoyed watching football games. At that time, various skills were used in playing cuju, mainly ___44___ (serve) as entertainment purposes.
As a way of national culture ___45___ (protect), cuju was listed into the first China’s intangible cultural heritages (非物质文化遗产) in 2006.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40 分)
第一节(满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华。你校最近举办了一场运动会，请给你的美国笔友Jonah写一封邮件，介绍运动会的相关情况及比赛中一件令你难忘的事。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节 读后续写 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Years ago, in a small fishing village in Holland, a young boy taught the world about the rewards of unselfish service．
Because the entire village lived on fishing, a volunteer rescue team was needed in case of emergency. One night, the winds screaming, a fishing boat was turned over by a strong storm at sea．The crew(全体船 员) in trouble sent out the S.O.S signals．The captain of the rescue rowboat team sounded the alarm(警报) and the villagers gathered in the town square overlooking the sea．When the team got on their rescue boat and fought their way through the wild waves, the villagers waited nervously on the beach, holding lamps(灯) to light the way back．
An hour later, the rescue boat reappeared through the fog( 雾 ) and the cheering villagers ran to greet them．Falling exhausted(精疲力竭的) on the sand, the volunteers reported that the rescue boat could not hold any more passengers and they had to leave one man behind ．Even one more passenger would have surely overturned the rescue boat and all the people on board would have been lost．
Anxiously, the captain called for another volunteer team to look for the survivor ．Sixteen-year-old Hans stepped forward ． His mother held his arm, crying, “please don't go ． Your father died in a shipwreck(船只失事)10 years ago and your elder brother, Paul, has been lost at sea for three weeks．Hans, you are all I have left．”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hans replied, “Mother, I have to go．
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After what seemed a century, the rescue boat finally broke through the thick fog, with Hans standing in the bow(船头), waving to the waiting crowds.
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