上海市进才中学 2023 学年第一学期期末考试
(时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分)
高二英语试卷
(2024 年 1 月)
I. Listening Comprehension (25’)
Section A (10’)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a supermarket. B. At a snack bar. C. At a grocery store. D. At a fitness club.
2. A. Confused. B. Surprised. C. Excited. D. Disappointed.
3. A. He can save telephone expenses by using the e-mail.
B. He prefers to make phone calls to his friends abroad.
C. His phone is disconnected outside the country.
D. His friends spend too much money on phone bills.
4. A. Go on a business trip. B. Move to Liverpool.
C. Make a ticket reservation. D. Take a vacation.
5. A. She is exhausted. B. She is short-sighted.
C. She cannot go straight home. D. She needs to see a doctor.
6. A. He used to be an excellent sales manager.
B. He is talking with the former sales manager.
C He expects to get the position of sales manager.
D. He wants to know if the sales manager is available.
7. A. Switch off the television for a while.
B. Buy a new television of better quality.
C. Turn down the volume of the television.
D. Have someone repair the television.
8. A. The woman will probably miss her flight.
B. The woman should not set off so late.
C. The woman should watch the football game.
D. He will take the usual route to the airport.
9. A. The woman is not good at doing a research paper.
B. The woman is going to narrow her topic down.
C. It will take a while to get the woman on the right track.
D. The man is going to help the woman improve the topic.
10. A. The survey result is contrary to everyone’s expectation.
B. The locals had more free time thanks to the bad weather.
C. Watching TV series was the only alternative for the locals.
D. The weather has an impact on the locals’ leisure activities.
Section B (15’)
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Neglect some small details on purpose to save time.
B. Read several chapters three or four times closely.
C. Develop a habit of reading as an everyday routine.
D. Get information efficiently by reading once or twice.
12. A. Develop one’s own system for marking.
B. Underline main ideas and important details.
C. Mark as much key information as possible.
D. Highlight different details in the same color.
13. A. By studying the textbooks carefully again.
B. By reviewing only the marked content.
C. By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D. By writing the questions in the margins.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. They need decorations to show their taste.
B. They purchase pretty but cheap handicrafts.
C. They prefer unique objects of high quality.
D. They are interested in handicraft business.
15. A. They don’t create at night any longer.
B. They can gain respect from society.
C. They can form a small craft organization.
D. They can meet other craftsmen for fun.
16. A. To arouse public interest in crafts. B. To attract crowds of foreign tourists.
C. To contribute to the local economy. D. To preserve the traditional culture.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. He finds the evening course cheaper. B. He has attended a day course before.
C. He has to go to work during the day. D. He gets used to the evening classes.
18. A. Take a course in data processing. B. Master a new computer language.
C. Buy a data processing software. D. Finish the course before Christmas.
19. A. Three hours a week, 45 hours in total. B. From September 1 to December 31.
C. Every Thursday from 7:00 to 9:45. D. Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks.
20. A. Three hundred dollars. B. A checkbook.
C. A credit card. D. A course schedule.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (30’)
Section A (20’)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. _____ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem
2. ________ is no possibility ________ a foreigner can be elected to the Congress.
A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether
3. Research confirms that restless children are more easy-going when there are animals around, ________ company they tend to calm down more easily.
A. with their B. without their C. with whose D. without whose
4. It was not until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended that ________ to his hometown.
A. did he return B. didn’t he returned C. he returned D. he didn’t return
5. As our best friend, Tanya ________ have known the truth, or she would have told us.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
6. ________ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.
A. Whoever B. No matter who C. Anyone D. Who
7. Commonly ________ the “pleasure hormone”, a chemical in your brain called dopamine plays a key role in bringing you feelings of pleasure.
A. referring to B. referring to as C. referred to D. referred to as
8. A latest survey reveals that two-thirds of the public schools in LA County have made ________ students shall wear uniforms at school.
A. a rule that B. it a rule that C. a rule D. it a rule
9. Killings of African Americans and other ethnic minorities ________ by racial discrimination _______ every now and then.
A. being driven; occur B. being driven; occurring
C. driven; occur D. driven; occurring
10. What made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. because B. why C. whether D. that
11. These characteristics contrast with the ________ characteristics that are typically assigned to women, such as being more caring and kind-hearted.
A. impressive B. oppressive C. expressive D. permissive
12. The high housing prices in Shanghai make it ________ for local buyers to look around in other parts of China.
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthwhile
13. The idea of suspended coffee, originating in Italy, has become an international internet ________ with coffee shops all over the world participating in the movement.
A. sensibility B. sensitivity C. sensation D. sense
14. We question the ________ of the policy and whether it violates the regulation governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities.
A. illegality B. legality C. disqualification D. qualification
15. His sister was too ________ to look at the scene of the accident, so they both stayed at home, waiting for the policemen to come.
A. desperate B. scared C. intense D. neutral
16. Despite those differences, it turned out that two girls had many things in common, so they ________ the first time they met each other.
A. hit it off B. dig it up C. pick it out D. break it down
17. Despite what you may think, most companies with conscience are ________ to people who cannot afford repayments.
A. enthusiastic B. mean C. mechanical D. sympathetic
18. I am not ________ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her because I have nowhere else to live.
A consistent B. competent C. compatible D. comprehensible
19. One thing is certain about globalization—it is ________. Advances in technology combined with more opening-up policies have already created an interconnected world.
A. irrecoverable B. irreversible C. irresponsible D. irreplaceable
20. Drinking too much tea may do harm to our health because it can interfere with the ________ of iron.
A. absorption B. consumption C. composition D. nutrition
Section B (10’)
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. ceaselessly B. consists C. flavored D. markets E. modest F. perfect G. presence H. spread I. registered J. sights K. specifically
Opposite a university campus on the outskirts of Jakarta, motorbikes line the front of Ricky Salim’s ice-cream and tea store, one of thousands of Mixue franchise owners across Asia. This Chinese firm, which built its brand selling teas and soft-serve ice-cream in smaller Chinese cities with relatively ____21____ average incomes, is exporting its model across South-East Asia. Its nearly 22,000 franchised stores worldwide have made it the fifth-largest fast-food chain in the world.
Part of the reason for Mixue’s success ____22____ in selling Asia’s favourite drink: bubble tea, a milky tea containing chewy tapioca balls. In China, the market for these ____23____ teas was twice that for coffee in 2021, with a $20bn turnover, according to Momentum Works, a research firm in Singapore.
As growth has slowed in China, bubble-tea brands have set their ____24____ on South-East Asia, where the market was worth $4bn. Several other large Chinese tea brands, including HeyTea, Nayuki Tea, ChaGee and Happy Lemon, have also moved into the region.
Yet no ready-made bubble-tea chain has ____25____ faster than Mixue, which opened its first store in Vietnam in 2018. By March it had around 1,500 stores in Indonesia; the firm wants to double its ____26____ there by the end of this year.
Unlike fancier bubble-tea brands, Mixue ____27____ itself as cheap and cheerful, rather than trendy. Its viral song has been translated into 20 languages and is often played ____28____ in its franchises. “What it took our China team ten or 20 years to figure out, we’ve been able to ____29____ in just one year by learning from their experiences,” says Mr. Hartanto.
Mixue’s biggest ambitions for growth are in countries with emerging economies and many young people. Yet over the past year Mixue stores have also opened in Australia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea, and the firm has ____30____ its trademark in markets from Europe and America to Uzbekistan. It has announced plans for an initial public offering on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The singing snowman is coming your way.
III. Reading Comprehension (45’)
Section A (15’)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Today’s youth will drive tomorrow’s growth. Young people have always confused their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different. They have thin wallets but ____31____ tastes. They long for authenticity while being constantly immersed in an artificial digital world. They ____32____ convenience and abundance. As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes (悖论) ____33____ and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.
A good place to start analyzing the psyche of young consumer is to consider the ____34____ that has shaped them. At one end of the scale, today’s 30-somethings came of age in the midst of the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. Their younger peers were slightly ____35____, beginning their careers in years when tightening labour markets had pushed up wages until the covid-19 pandemic turned many of their lives upside down.
These two big ____36____ have contributed to pessimism among the young people who experienced them. A study found a widespread ____37____ among Gen Zs that they would be able to afford to retire. Less than half believed they would ever own a home.
In many ways youngsters’ shopping habits, like their lives, are defined by the “____38____ economy”. The popularity of social media means there are many new ways of attracting consumers’ eyeballs. Most young shoppers never knew a world without smartphones. More than two-thirds of 18- to 34-year-old Americans spend four hours or more on their devices each day.
These “always-on purchasers” often avoid a weekly shop so that they can have quicker ____39____ of everything from fashion to furniture. They like subscriptions, often favoring shared access to products over outright ownership, which has ____40____ online-rental sites and streaming services.
The internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has ____41____ social media. Instagram and TikTok are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where ____42____ matter, such as beauty, fashion, and sportswear. ____43____ physical shops are not entirely out of favor. They can be successful as long as the experience feels personal and, ideally, integrates virtual and physical worlds.
How the young shop is clearly shifting. What they buy, too, is changing. What older generations consider optional, such as wellness and luxury, has become ____44____ for the young.
More broadly, young consumers claim to be more ____45____ than previous generations. Some of these values are centered around identity (race, gender and so on). Others stem from things the young care about, such as climate change.
31. A. pleasant B. expensive C. mild D. refreshing
32. A. prize B. boast C. mix D. challenge
33. A. recycle B. desire C. deliver D. package
34. A. education B. institution C. family D. economy
35. A. busier B. luckier C. stronger D. calmer
36. A. reforms B. ends C. trends D. shocks
37. A. doubt B. opposition C. criticism D. ignorance
38. A. bubble B. attention C. knowledge D. green
39. A. refunds B. possessions C. fixes D. trials
40. A. approved B. facilitated C. reversed D. updated
41. A. made peace with B. made up for C. run parallel to D. given way to
42. A. looks B. scents C. textures D. atmospheres
43. A. However B. Hence C. Apparently D. Otherwise
44. A. souvenirs B. essentials C. memories D. treasures
45. A. dream-connected B. hobbies-motivated C. values-driven D. money-focused
Section B (22’)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Worth nearly $1trn, Facebook is the world’s sixth-most-valuable company. Its revenues have grown by 56% in the past year, and its share price by more than a quarter. Nearly 3bn people use its products every month. Why would such a glittering success change its name, as the Verge, a news site, reports it plans to within days
The likely official reason for the rebranding is that the firm has outgrown the social network that Mark Zuckerberg started 17 years ago in a Harvard dorm. Today it includes other social apps (Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger) and video hardware (Oculus, Portal). It has launched a digital wallet (Novi) and may yet offer a currency (Diem). Mr. Zuckerberg expects people eventually to associate his firm more with the “metaverse”, a virtual space for work, play and more, than with social media.
If the Facebook network is to take a back seat, there may be a case for regrouping under a new name. Facebook wouldn’t be the first tech giant to do so. In 2015 Google set up Alphabet, a holding company for the search engine and its many side projects. Under this model, Facebook would become just another app within a wider family, though by far its biggest earner. There is another possible motive for a makeover. For all its financial success, the Facebook brand has become tarnished. The social network is blamed for fueling everything from teenage anorexia (厌食症) to uprising at the US Capitol.
This month Frances Haugen, a former employee, told Congress that Facebook was failing to moderate content on its platform and covering up a drop in young American users (it denies this). Public trust in it is lower than in most tech giants, and falling. Although two years ago the firm started branding its apps as being “from Facebook”, its new “smart glasses”, which can record video and take phone calls, feature only the logo of its partner, Ray-Ban.
Mr. Zuckerberg himself has been a reason for much of the criticism of Facebook, and of bossy tech firms more generally. As the all-powerful founder, he has a higher profile than his opposite numbers at TikTok, YouTube and other social networks. Normally, a brand facing a reputational crisis might dump its unpopular CEO. But Mr. Zuckerberg’s position is unassailable (难以撼动的), which may explain why he would want to dump the brand instead.
46. Facebook plans to change its name mainly because ________.
A. it wants people to associate its name with social media
B. it is trying to follow the fashion led by Google
C. it looks to expand its business to a wider range
D. its former name has brought bad reputation to the company
47. What can we learn about Facebook from the passage
A. It was founded by Zuckerberg in his college dormitory.
B. It has a favorable influence on teenagers’ mind and behavior.
C. It is as popular among youngsters in the US as it used to be.
D. It produced smart glasses with its logo on it.
48. What does the underlined word “tarnished” mean in the passage
A. abandoned B. discriminated C. globalized D. compromised
49. This passage is most likely to appear in ________.
A. a science review B. a business magazine
C. a technical report D. the website of Facebook
(B)
Life—it gets busy. Digital overload is real: photos, apps, emails... our devices can be a blessing—and a curse. So when it comes to the humble food shop you might be reticent about adding another rewards app to your bulging virtual wallet. Are they worth it Not only that, some seem so complicated that they require Enigma code-level mastery to crack. Well, hold that thought, because the Asda Rewards App is a little different. Customers using Asda Rewards earn pounds not points, building up a Cashpot to spend at Asda in store or online. It’s easy and engaging to use and there are other benefits too, such as helping you to save for Christmas. When you buy something from Asda, you can scan every time to earn pounds not points. You’ll see your total in your Cashpot on the app. You can redeem the Cashpot as vouchers (代金券) to use against more of the items you love. There are a number of ways you can build up your Cashpot—and this is on top of the already great prices on household plete your first shop and you will get a First Scan Bonus worth ￡5, to get you started. In-app Superstar Missions—sounds very James Bond—could be anything from buying certain products to picking up something tasty for the family dinner. Keep an eye out for specially selected Star Products. Buying these will earn you 10 per cent of their plete various milestone missions by reaching set spending targets to build your Cashpot faster. There’s no better time to download the app than this September to take advantage of Asda’s Spin the Wheel. Everyone who spins, wins. When you spend ￡5 or more you get the chance to spin the wheel to reveal a Cashpot prize. You could win anything from 50p up to ￡100... just like that.
50. How does Asda differ from other rewards apps
A. It is complicated to navigate but engaging.
B. Subscribers can redeem points for free gifts.
C. Everyone can easily crack the code to get money.
D. Cash rewards are available for further purchases.
51. It’s recommended to download the app in this September in that you can ________.
A. earn a First Scan Bonus when completing the initial purchase.
B. enjoy a 10 percent discount on specially selected Star Products.
C. win the chance to see James Bond in a publicity campaign.
D. draw on the in-app lottery mechanism to obtain extra bonus.
52. Which step contributes to saving more for Christmas on the app
A. Saving more than 40 Asda Pounds to claim the added bonus.
B. Starting as early as possible to stay ahead of other users.
C. Putting off all holiday purchases until Christmas Eve.
D. Spending excessive money on ‘Spin the Wheel’ to win big.
(C)
In the fog of uncertainty about how new technology will change the way we work, policymakers around the world say confidently that we will need to upskill the workforce in order to cope. The view sounds reassuringly sensible: if computers are growing smarter, humans will need to learn to use them or be replaced by them. But the truth is, the people who are being “upskilled” in today’s economy are the ones who need it the least.
Research shows that workers with degrees are over three times more likely to participate in training as adults than workers with no qualifications. That creates a virtuous circle for those who did well at school, and a vicious circle for those who did not. If the robots are coming for both the accountants and the taxi drivers, you can bet it is those working with money that will be more able to retrain themselves out of danger, because the better educated tend to have more confidence and money to pay for their own training.
Employers also invest in these workers more. In the UK, a surprising number of employers send their senior managers to business schools. It is no good blaming employers for directing investments at their highly-skilled workers. They are simply aiming for the highest return they can get. And, for some types of lower-paid work, it is not always true that technological progress requires more skills. Sometimes, technology can de-skill a job. Just look at Uber drivers who follow the driving routes set by their app, rather than expanding their own knowledge of the streets. The UK’s latest Employment and Skills Survey suggests the use of literacy and numeracy skills at work has fallen since 2012, even as the use of computers has increased. However, the trouble is, when the computer makes your job easier one day, it might make it redundant the next. Many of those affected by automation will need to switch occupations, or even industries. But a retailer or warehouse company is not going to retrain its staff to help them move to a different sector.
It is time to revisit older ideas. The UK once had a vibrant culture of night schools for adults to attend after their day jobs. A revival of it could be exactly what the 21st century needs. Rather than just “upskilling” in a narrow way, people could choose to learn an entirely new skill or trade, or explore interests they never had a chance to nurture before.
It is still not clear whether the impact of new technology on the labour market will come in a trickle or a flood. But in an already unequal world, continuing to reserve all the lifeboats for the better-off would be a dangerous mistake.
53. According to the writer, policymakers’ belief in upskilling the workforce __________.
A is contrary to popular belief B. is helpful in coping with new technology
C. is too difficult to put it into practice D. is not beneficial to those who need it most
54. It can be inferred that workers without qualifications are less likely to __________.
A. have confidence in outperforming those with degrees at school
B. persuade their employers to make an investment in them
C. minimize the risk of job loss caused by new technology
D assess how new technology will change the way they work
55. The word “redundant” (Para. 3) probably means __________.
A. unnecessary B. undesirable C. unskilled D. unrewarding
56. According to the passage, which of the following conclusion is True
A. Workers’ literacy and numeracy skills should be enhanced without delay.
B. Night schools can help to eliminate skill gaps among workers.
C. Companies should attach much importance to retraining of workers.
D. Those lower-skilled workers deserve giving more chances of retraining.
Section C (8’)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Making time for science
Chronobiologists (时间生物学家) are interested in what is known as the circadian (生理节奏的) rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally made to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four-hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many factors. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ____57____
____58____ Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we break these natural rhythms for extended periods of time.
Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many realistic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to overcome biology—____59____—keeping in the same pace with our body clock is important.
After-dinner coffees are becoming more of a tradition, but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening.
Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietitian Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. ____60____ However, overloading your gut could lead to indigestion. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.
A. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs.
B. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in full mode.
C. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.
D. Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands.
E. Night people, for example, find it hard to operate during the morning, but become alert by evening.
F. After all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills and cities that never sleep
IV. Grammar (10’)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The internet and its cultural impact are most often viewed through the lens of the “tech bro”. Biographies, and memoirs about these big-tech bosses have shaped readers’ understanding of____61____ the online world changes the offline one. But these books rarely mention the principal figures who have shaped the experience of being online: social-media influencers.
Influencers—the (usually female) people behind the most popular accounts on Instagram, TikTok and YouTube—have large followings, often in the hundreds of thousands or millions. People like Jackie Aina, Matilda Djerf and Molly-Mae Hague earn a living from a combination of sponsored posts, commissions ____62____ (make) through associate links and by creating their own brands, from fake tan to eyeshadows.
Though they shape digital culture, too often influencers ____63____ (dismiss) as fame-hungry celebrities, who post about the details of their lives and mindlessly promote branded products for eye-watering sums. But a new crop of books takes the influencer industry____64____ (seriously) by exploring the way social media’s most popular users are reshaping the global economy and changing what the average person views online.
Taylor Lorenz, ____65____technology writer for the Washington Post, is a leading voice on social-media trends and internet culture. Her book, “Extremely Online”, argues that influencers hold huge power: “Tech founders may control the source code, ____66____ it is users who shape the product.” Charting the history of the influencer from the 1990s to today, Ms. Lorenz argues influencers rose by making fame and luxury less “sealed off”. Like reality-TV stars, early influencers created a new, niche sort of celebrity, popular enough____67____ (draw) attention but still unrecognizable to most.
Ms. Lorenz makes the case that, despite its bad rap, influencing has “given more people the chance to benefit directly from their labor than at any other time in history”, ____68____ (entertain) readers with stories about “mommy bloggers” turning the pain of parenthood into six-figure businesses and teens becoming multi-millionaires through short comedy skits.
Some experts estimate as much as 90% of online content could be AI-generated by 2026. ____69____the number of believable posts and photos produced by AI soars, influencers will face significantly more competition for internet users’ attention. No influencer, ____70____skilled they have proved to be at using the internet to gain popularity and profits in the past, is guaranteed to retain any kind of influence in the next technological transformation.
V. Translation (15’)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
71. 不管发生什么，军人必须坚定立场，绝不向敌人屈服。(Whatever) (汉译英)
72. 研究人员想弄清楚经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。(exposure) (汉译英)
73. 为了避免成为网络犯罪的受害者，青少年们要学会明辨是非，不能不假思索地接受陌生人的好友申请。(discriminate) (汉译英)
74. 正是因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新，国货不再受到不公平待遇，反而比进口商品更具竞争优势。(edge) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing (25’)
75. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校规定，学生在校期间不得使用手机，有的同学认为这是一项非常好的制度，但也有同学不以为然。请谈谈你对这一规定的看法，并给出理由。
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听力答案：1-10 BCADACDABD 11-20 DABCBCCADB上海市进才中学 2023 学年第一学期期末考试
(时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分)
高二英语试卷
(2024 年 1 月)
I. Listening Comprehension (25’)
Section A (10’)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. At a supermarket. B. At a snack bar. C. At a grocery store. D. At a fitness club.
2. A. Confused. B. Surprised. C. Excited. D. Disappointed.
3. A. He can save telephone expenses by using the e-mail.
B. He prefers to make phone calls to his friends abroad.
C. His phone is disconnected outside the country.
D. His friends spend too much money on phone bills.
4. A. Go on a business trip. B. Move to Liverpool.
C. Make a ticket reservation. D. Take a vacation.
5. A. She is exhausted. B. She is short-sighted.
C. She cannot go straight home. D. She needs to see a doctor.
6. A. He used to be an excellent sales manager.
B. He is talking with the former sales manager.
C. He expects to get the position of sales manager.
D. He wants to know if the sales manager is available.
7. A. Switch off the television for a while.
B. Buy a new television of better quality.
C. Turn down the volume of the television.
D. Have someone repair the television.
8. A. The woman will probably miss her flight.
B. The woman should not set off so late.
C. The woman should watch the football game.
D. He will take the usual route to the airport.
9. A. The woman is not good at doing a research paper.
B. The woman is going to narrow her topic down.
C. It will take a while to get the woman on the right track.
D. The man is going to help the woman improve the topic.
10. A. The survey result is contrary to everyone’s expectation.
B. The locals had more free time thanks to the bad weather.
C. Watching TV series was the only alternative for the locals.
D. The weather has an impact on the locals’ leisure activities.
Section B (15’)
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Neglect some small details on purpose to save time.
B. Read several chapters three or four times closely.
C. Develop a habit of reading as an everyday routine.
D. Get information efficiently by reading once or twice.
12. A. Develop one’s own system for marking.
B. Underline main ideas and important details.
C. Mark as much key information as possible.
D. Highlight different details in the same color.
13. A. By studying the textbooks carefully again.
B. By reviewing only the marked content.
C. By focusing on the notes in the margins.
D. By writing the questions in the margins.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. They need decorations to show their taste.
B. They purchase pretty but cheap handicrafts.
C. They prefer unique objects of high quality.
D. They are interested in handicraft business.
15. A. They don’t create at night any longer.
B. They can gain respect from society.
C. They can form a small craft organization.
D. They can meet other craftsmen for fun.
16. A. To arouse public interest in crafts. B. To attract crowds of foreign tourists.
C. To contribute to the local economy. D. To preserve the traditional culture.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. He finds the evening course cheaper. B. He has attended a day course before.
C. He has to go to work during the day. D. He gets used to the evening classes.
18. A. Take a course in data processing. B. Master a new computer language.
C. Buy a data processing software. D. Finish the course before Christmas.
19. A. Three hours a week, 45 hours in total. B. From September 1 to December 31.
C. Every Thursday from 7:00 to 9:45. D. Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks.
20. A. Three hundred dollars. B. A checkbook.
C. A credit card. D. A course schedule.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (30’)
Section A (20’)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. _____ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.
A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem
C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论你遇到多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓足勇气面对挑战。根据句意可知，此处是让步状语从句。特殊疑问词+ever/no matter +特殊疑问词，可以引导让步状语从句，又因为however引导让步状语从句时，其后应接形容词或副词，故However serious a problem符合要求。故选C项。
2. ________ is no possibility ________ a foreigner can be elected to the Congress.
A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：没有可能一个外国人被选入国会。there is possibility that...有...可能，possibility后跟that引导的同位语从句。故选A。
3. Research confirms that restless children are more easy-going when there are animals around, ________ company they tend to calm down more easily.
A. with their B. without their C. with whose D. without whose
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究证实，不安的孩子在周围有动物的时候会更随和，有了动物的陪伴，他们更容易平静下来。分析句子，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代前文的“动物的”，表示所属关系即表示“动物的陪伴”，此处表示“有着”使用介词with，故构成介词+whose引导的定语从句。故选C。
4. It was not until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended that ________ to his hometown.
A. did he return B. didn’t he returned C. he returned D. he didn’t return
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到抗日战争结束，他才回到家乡。A项是一般疑问句；B项是否定疑问句；C项是陈述语序；D项是否定句；分析句子可知，本句运用了强调句It is/was+被强调部分+that。所以为强调前为He didn’t return to his hometown until the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression ended，强调时间状语从句时，所以句子剩余部分是he returned to his hometown，C项符合句意。故选C项。
5. As our best friend, Tanya ________ have known the truth, or she would have told us.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：作为我们最好的朋友，坦尼娅不可能知道真相，否则她会告诉我们的。A. mustn’t不准；B. can’t不可能；C. shouldn’t不应该；D. needn’t不需要。根据后文“she would have told us”可知，这里表否定的推测，意义为“不可能”，用can’t。故选B项。
6. ________ wins the election is going to have a tough job getting the economy back on its feet.
A. Whoever B. No matter who C. Anyone D. Who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：无论谁赢得选举，都将面临一项艰难的工作，即让经济重新站稳脚跟。分析句子，设空处引导的是主语从句，此处表示“无论谁”用whoever。故选A。
7. Commonly ________ the “pleasure hormone”, a chemical in your brain called dopamine plays a key role in bringing you feelings of pleasure.
A. referring to B. referring to as C. referred to D. referred to as
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：通常被称为“快乐激素”的多巴胺是大脑中一种化学物质，在给你带来快乐的感觉方面起着关键作用。表示“把……称为”短语为refer to as，此处与逻辑主语dopamine构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故选D。
8. A latest survey reveals that two-thirds of the public schools in LA County have made ________ students shall wear uniforms at school.
A. a rule that B. it a rule that C. a rule D. it a rule
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查代词和宾语从句。句意：最近的一项调查显示，洛杉矶县三分之二的公立学校规定学生在学校必须穿校服。分析句子，设空处构成make it+名词+that的结构，该结构中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为that引导的从句。故选B。
9. Killings of African Americans and other ethnic minorities ________ by racial discrimination _______ every now and then.
A. being driven; occur B. being driven; occurring
C. driven; occur D. driven; occurring
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词时态。句意：在种族歧视的驱使下，杀害非洲裔美国人和其他少数民族的事件时有发生。分析句子，句中killing与drive之间是被动关系，同时表示该动作已经发生，故使用过去分词作后置定语；根据后文的every now and then可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，第二空使用动词作谓语，句子的主语为killings为复数，occur意为“发生”，此处使用动词原形作谓语。故选C。
10. What made the school proud was ________ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.
A. because B. why C. whether D. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：让学校感到骄傲的是90%以上的学生都被重点大学录取了。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，用that引导，that在从句中不充当语法成分，无词汇意义。故选D项。
11. These characteristics contrast with the ________ characteristics that are typically assigned to women, such as being more caring and kind-hearted.
A. impressive B. oppressive C. expressive D. permissive
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些特征与通常赋予女性善于表达的特征——例如更加体贴和善良，形成鲜明对比。A. impressive给人印象深刻的；B. oppressive压迫的；C. expressive善于表达的；D. permissive纵容的。由下文“such as being more caring and kind-hearted.”可知，女性具有更加体贴和善良的特征，这需要女性更加善于表达，由此可知，此处指女性善于表达的特征，故选C。
12. The high housing prices in Shanghai make it ________ for local buyers to look around in other parts of China.
A. worth B. worthy C. worthless D. worthwhile
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上海高昂的房价让当地的买家很难在中国其他地方四处看看。worth常用作be worth sth/doing sth；worthy表示“值得的”，常用作be worthy of sth/to do sth；worthless表示“无价值的，无用的”，worthwhile表示“值得花时间、精力”。结合句意，上海的高房价使得去别处看房是“值得花时间的”。故选D。
13. The idea of suspended coffee, originating in Italy, has become an international internet ________ with coffee shops all over the world participating in the movement.
A. sensibility B. sensitivity C. sensation D. sense
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：源自意大利的悬浮咖啡理念已在国际互联网上引起轰动，世界各地的咖啡店都参与了这场运动。A. sensibility情感；B. sensitivity敏感；C. sensation轰动；D. sense感觉。根据空后with coffee shops all over the world participating in the movement.可知，源自意大利的悬浮咖啡理念已在国际互联网上引起轰动，所以世界各地的咖啡店都参与了这场运动。故选C。
14. We question the ________ of the policy and whether it violates the regulation governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities.
A. illegality B. legality C. disqualification D. qualification
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们质疑这一政策的合法性，以及它是否违反了有关残疾乘客待遇的规定。A. illegality非法；B. legality合法性；C. disqualification不合格；D. qualification资格。根据“and whether it violates the regulation governing the treatment of passengers with disabilities.”可知，这一政策的合法性值得质疑。故选B。
15. His sister was too ________ to look at the scene of the accident, so they both stayed at home, waiting for the policemen to come.
A. desperate B. scared C. intense D. neutral
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的妹妹太害怕了，不敢去看事故现场，所以他们俩都呆在家里，等着警察来。A. desperate绝望的；B. scared害怕的；C. intense激烈的；D. neutral中立得。根据so they both stayed at home, waiting for the policemen to come可知，此处表示“害怕的”，用sacred。故选B。
16. Despite those differences, it turned out that two girls had many things in common, so they ________ the first time they met each other.
A. hit it off B. dig it up C. pick it out D. break it down
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管有这些不同，结果证明这两个女孩有许多共同之处，所以她们第一次见面就相处融洽。A. hit it off相处融洽；B. dig it up挖掘；C. pick it out挑选出；D. break it down分解。根据句意，她们有很多共同之处，所以能“相处得来”。故选A。
17. Despite what you may think, most companies with conscience are ________ to people who cannot afford repayments.
A. enthusiastic B. mean C. mechanical D. sympathetic
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管你怎么想，大多数有良心的公司都会同情那些无力偿还债务的人。A. enthusiastic热心的；B. mean吝啬的；C. mechanical机械的；D. sympathetic同情的。根据“most companies with conscience”和“people who cannot afford repayments.”可知，有良心的公司都会对那些无力偿还债务的人表示同情。故选D。
18. I am not ________ with my roommate but I have to share the room with her because I have nowhere else to live.
A. consistent B. competent C. compatible D. comprehensible
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和我的室友合不来，但我不得不和她合住一个房间，因为我没有别的地方住。A. consistent始终如一的；B. competent能干的；C. compatible可和睦相处的；D. comprehensible可理解的。根据句中“but I have to share the room with her because I have nowhere else to live”可知，“我”不得不和她合住一个房间，说明并不情愿，由此推知，“我”与室友合不来，用形容词compatible作表语。故选C项。
19. One thing is certain about globalization—it is ________. Advances in technology combined with more opening-up policies have already created an interconnected world.
A. irrecoverable B. irreversible C. irresponsible D. irreplaceable
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：全球化有一点是肯定的——它是不可逆转的。科技进步与进一步开放政策相结合，已经形成了一个相互联系的世界。A. irrecoverable无法挽回的；B. irreversible不可逆转的；C. irresponsible不负责的；D. irreplaceable不可替代的。根据后文“Advances in technology combined with more opening-up policies have already created an interconnected world.”可知，已经形成了一个相互联系的世界，说明全球化是不可逆转的。故选B。
20. Drinking too much tea may do harm to our health because it can interfere with the ________ of iron.
A. absorption B. consumption C. composition D. nutrition
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：喝太多茶可能会对我们的健康有害，因为它会干扰铁的吸收。A. absorption吸收；B. consumption消耗；C. composition构成，成分；D. nutrition营养。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据句意以及Drinking too much tea may do harm to our health可知，表示“吸收”用absorption。故选A。
Section B (10’)
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. ceaselessly B. consists C. flavored D. markets E. modest F. perfect G. presence H. spread I. registered J. sights K. specifically
Opposite a university campus on the outskirts of Jakarta, motorbikes line the front of Ricky Salim’s ice-cream and tea store, one of thousands of Mixue franchise owners across Asia. This Chinese firm, which built its brand selling teas and soft-serve ice-cream in smaller Chinese cities with relatively ____21____ average incomes, is exporting its model across South-East Asia. Its nearly 22,000 franchised stores worldwide have made it the fifth-largest fast-food chain in the world.
Part of the reason for Mixue’s success ____22____ in selling Asia’s favourite drink: bubble tea, a milky tea containing chewy tapioca balls. In China, the market for these ____23____ teas was twice that for coffee in 2021, with a $20bn turnover, according to Momentum Works, a research firm in Singapore.
As growth has slowed in China, bubble-tea brands have set their ____24____ on South-East Asia, where the market was worth $4bn. Several other large Chinese tea brands, including HeyTea, Nayuki Tea, ChaGee and Happy Lemon, have also moved into the region.
Yet no ready-made bubble-tea chain has ____25____ faster than Mixue, which opened its first store in Vietnam in 2018. By March it had around 1,500 stores in Indonesia; the firm wants to double its ____26____ there by the end of this year.
Unlike fancier bubble-tea brands, Mixue ____27____ itself as cheap and cheerful, rather than trendy. Its viral song has been translated into 20 languages and is often played ____28____ in its franchises. “What it took our China team ten or 20 years to figure out, we’ve been able to ____29____ in just one year by learning from their experiences,” says Mr. Hartanto.
Mixue’s biggest ambitions for growth are in countries with emerging economies and many young people. Yet over the past year Mixue stores have also opened in Australia, Japan, Singapore and South Korea, and the firm has ____30____ its trademark in markets from Europe and America to Uzbekistan. It has announced plans for an initial public offering on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The singing snowman is coming your way.
【答案】21. E 22. B
23. C 24. J
25. H 26. G
27. D 28. A
29. F 30. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蜜雪冰城在全球拥有近22,000家特许经营店，使其成为世界第五大快餐连锁店。蜜雪成功的部分原因在于销售亚洲最受欢迎的饮料：珍珠奶茶，一种含有耐嚼的木薯球的奶茶。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这家中国公司在平均收入相对中等的中国小城市销售茶叶和软冰淇淋，并将其模式出口到东南亚。根据“built its brand selling teas and soft-serve ice-cream in smaller Chinese cities”以及句意“中等的”可知应填形容词modest，修饰名词incomes。故选E。
【22题详解】
考查动词。句意：蜜雪成功的部分原因在于销售亚洲最受欢迎的饮料：珍珠奶茶，一种含有耐嚼的木薯球的奶茶。根据“in selling Asia’s favourite drink: bubble tea, a milky tea containing chewy tapioca balls”以及句意“在于”可知短语为consist in，陈述事实用一般现在时，Part of the reason是主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词。句意：根据新加坡研究公司Momentum Works的数据，2021年，在中国，这些调味茶的市场是咖啡的两倍，营业额达到200亿美元。根据“teas was twice that for coffee in 2021”以及句意“调味茶”可知应填名词flavored，作定语。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着中国经济增长放缓，奶茶品牌已将目光投向东南亚，那里的市场价值40亿美元。根据“on South-East Asia, where the market was worth $4bn”以及句意“目光”可知应填复数名词sights，作宾语。故选J。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，没有一家现成的奶茶连锁店比蜜雪传播得更快，它于2018年在越南开设了第一家店。根据“faster than Mixue”以及句意“传播”可知应填动词spread，作谓语，结合has可知句子时态为现在完成时，填入过去分词符合题意。故选H。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：截至今年3月，它在印尼的门店数量约为1500家；该公司希望到今年年底将其在那里的业务扩大一倍。根据“By March it had around 1,500 stores in Indonesia”以及句意“存在”可知应填名词presence，作宾语，不可数。故选G。
【27题详解】
考查动词。句意：与其他高档奶茶品牌不同，蜜雪将自己定位为廉价和愉快，而不是时尚。根据“itself as cheap and cheerful”以及句意“定位”可知应填动词market，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是 Mixue，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词。句意：它的热门歌曲已被翻译成20种语言，并经常在其特许经营中不断播放。根据“Its viral song has been translated into 20 languages and is often played”以及句意“不断”可知应填副词ceaselessly，修饰动词play。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词。句意：哈坦托说:“我们的中国团队花了10年或20年才弄清楚的事情，通过学习他们的经验，我们只用了一年的时间就完善了。”根据“in just one year by learning from their experiences”以及句意“完善”可知应填动词perfect，上文为短语be able to do sth.。故选F。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：然而，在过去的一年里，Mixue也在澳大利亚、日本、新加坡和韩国开设了门店，并在从欧洲、美国到乌兹别克斯坦的市场上注册了自己的商标。根据“its trademark in markets from Europe and America to Uzbekistan”以及句意“注册”可知应填动词register，结合has可知为现在完成时，填入过去分词符合题意。故选I。
III. Reading Comprehension (45’)
Section A (15’)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Today’s youth will drive tomorrow’s growth. Young people have always confused their elders. Today’s youngsters are no different. They have thin wallets but ____31____ tastes. They long for authenticity while being constantly immersed in an artificial digital world. They ____32____ convenience and abundance. As they start spending in earnest, brands are trying to understand what these walking paradoxes (悖论) ____33____ and how they shop. The answers will define the next era of consumerism.
A good place to start analyzing the psyche of young consumer is to consider the ____34____ that has shaped them. At one end of the scale, today’s 30-somethings came of age in the midst of the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. Their younger peers were slightly ____35____, beginning their careers in years when tightening labour markets had pushed up wages until the covid-19 pandemic turned many of their lives upside down.
These two big ____36____ have contributed to pessimism among the young people who experienced them. A study found a widespread ____37____ among Gen Zs that they would be able to afford to retire. Less than half believed they would ever own a home.
In many ways youngsters’ shopping habits, like their lives, are defined by the “____38____ economy”. The popularity of social media means there are many new ways of attracting consumers’ eyeballs. Most young shoppers never knew a world without smartphones. More than two-thirds of 18- to 34-year-old Americans spend four hours or more on their devices each day.
These “always-on purchasers” often avoid a weekly shop so that they can have quicker ____39____ of everything from fashion to furniture. They like subscriptions, often favoring shared access to products over outright ownership, which has ____40____ online-rental sites and streaming services.
The internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising has ____41____ social media. Instagram and TikTok are where the young look for inspiration, particularly for goods where ____42____ matter, such as beauty, fashion, and sportswear. ____43____ physical shops are not entirely out of favor. They can be successful as long as the experience feels personal and, ideally, integrates virtual and physical worlds.
How the young shop is clearly shifting. What they buy, too, is changing. What older generations consider optional, such as wellness and luxury, has become ____44____ for the young.
More broadly, young consumers claim to be more ____45____ than previous generations. Some of these values are centered around identity (race, gender and so on). Others stem from things the young care about, such as climate change.
31. A. pleasant B. expensive C. mild D. refreshing
32. A. prize B. boast C. mix D. challenge
33. A. recycle B. desire C. deliver D. package
34. A. education B. institution C. family D. economy
35. A. busier B. luckier C. stronger D. calmer
36. A. reforms B. ends C. trends D. shocks
37. A. doubt B. opposition C. criticism D. ignorance
38. A. bubble B. attention C. knowledge D. green
39. A. refunds B. possessions C. fixes D. trials
40. A. approved B. facilitated C. reversed D. updated
41. A. made peace with B. made up for C. run parallel to D. given way to
42. A. looks B. scents C. textures D. atmospheres
43. A. However B. Hence C. Apparently D. Otherwise
44. A. souvenirs B. essentials C. memories D. treasures
45. A. dream-connected B. hobbies-motivated C. values-driven D. money-focused
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. A 44. B 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了年轻人的购物方式和购买物品的变化原因、影响和表现。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们钱包很薄，但品味昂贵。A. pleasant令人愉快的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. mild温和的；D. refreshing令人耳目一新的。根据前文的“They have thin wallets”和表示转折的连词but可知，他们钱很少，但是喜欢的东西很昂贵。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看重便利和富足。A. prize珍视，看重；B. boast自夸；C. mix混合；D. challenge挑战。根据后文的“convenience and abundance”可知，他们看重便利和富足。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着他们开始认真消费，各大品牌正试图了解这些“行走的悖论”想要什么，以及他们的购物方式。A. recycle回收；B. desire渴望，期望；C. deliver交付；D. package包裹。根据前文的“brands are trying to understand”可知，各大品牌试图了解这些年轻人想要什么，以便卖给他们。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：分析年轻消费者心理的一个好地方是考虑影响他们的经济。A. education教育；B. institution机构；C. family家族；D. economy经济。根据后文的“At one end of the scale, today’s 30-somethings came of age in the midst of the global financial crisis of 2007-2009. Their younger peers were slightly 5 , beginning their careers in years when tightening labour markets had pushed up wages until the covid-19 pandemic turned many of their lives upside down.”可知，这是对影响年轻消费者经济的具体分析，所以分析年轻消费者心理的一个好地方是考虑影响他们的经济。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的年轻一代人稍微幸运一些，在他们开始职业生涯的几年里，劳动力市场紧缩推高了工资，直到covid-19大流行把他们的许多生活弄得天翻地覆。A. busier更忙的；B. luckier更幸运的；C. stronger更强的；D. calmer更冷静的。根据后文的“beginning their careers in years when tightening labour markets had pushed up wages”可知，劳动力市场紧缩推高了工资，所以这一代人更幸运。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两大冲击加剧了经历过它们的年轻人的悲观情绪。A. reforms改革；B. ends末端；C. trends趋势；D. shocks冲击。根据前文的“tightening labour markets had pushed up wages until the covid-19 pandemic turned many of their lives upside down.”可知，推高了工资和covid-19大流行是对经历过它们的年轻人的两大冲击。故选D项。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一项研究发现，Z代人普遍怀疑自己是否能负担得起退休生活。A. doubt怀疑；B. opposition反对；C. criticism批评；D. ignorance无知。根据前文的“have contributed to pessimism among the young people who experienced them”可知，这些年轻人悲观，所以怀疑自己是否能负担得起退休生活。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在许多方面，年轻人的购物习惯，就像他们的生活一样，是由“注意力经济”决定的。A. bubble气泡；B. attention注意；C. knowledge知识；D. green绿色。根据后文的“The popularity of social media means there are many new ways of attracting consumers’ eyeballs.”可知，这些吸引消费者眼球的新方法之所以出现，是因为年轻人的购物习惯是由“注意力经济”决定的。故选B项。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些“永远在线的买家”通常避免每周购物，这样他们就可以更快地解决从时装到家具的所有东西。A. refunds退款；B. possessions财产；C. fixes解决方法；D. trials试验。根据后文的“everything from fashion to furniture”可知，这些“永远在线的买家”通过在线购物，解决生活中需要的东西，不需要每周购物。故选C项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们喜欢订阅，通常更喜欢分享产品的使用权，而不是完全拥有，这促进了在线租赁网站和流媒体服务。A. approved批准；B. facilitated促进，助长；C. reversed颠倒；D. updated更新。根据前文的“often favoring shared access to products over outright ownership”和后文“online-rental sites and streaming services.”可知，他们通常更喜欢分享产品的使用权，而不是完全拥有，这种做法促进了在线租赁网站和流媒体服务的发展。故选B项。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：印刷、广告牌或电视广告已经与社交媒体并驾齐驱。A. made peace with与……讲和；B. made up for弥补；C. run parallel to与……平行；D. given way to让位给。根据前文的“The internet has also changed how the young discover brands. Print, billboard or TV advertising”和后文“social media”可知，互联网的发展，使得年轻人发现品牌的方式发生变化，印刷、广告牌、电视广告、社交媒体这些都是发现品牌的方式。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Instagram和TikTok是年轻人寻找灵感的地方，尤其是那些外表重要的商品，比如美容、时尚和运动服。A. looks外表；B. scents气味；C. textures口感；D. atmospheres气氛。根据后文的“such as beauty, fashion, and sportswear. ”可知，美容、时尚和运动服，这些都是与外表相关的东西。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，实体店并非完全不受欢迎。A. However然而；B. Hence因此；C. Apparently显然；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文的“The internet has also changed how the young discover brands.”和后文“physical shops are not entirely out of favor”可知，这两句存在转折关系，互联网改变了年轻人发现品牌的方式，然而，实体店并非完全不受欢迎。故选A项。
44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：健康和奢侈等老一辈人认为可有可无的东西，已成为年轻人的必需品。A. souvenirs纪念品；B. essentials必需品；C. memories记忆；D. treasures珍宝。根据前文的“What they buy, too, is changing. What older generations consider optional”可知，年轻人买的东西也在变化。健康和奢侈等老一辈人认为可有可无的东西，对于年轻人是必需品。故选B项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更广泛地说，年轻消费者声称比前几代人更受价值观驱动。A. dream-connected与梦想相连的；B. hobbies-motivated激发兴趣爱好的；C. values-driven价值观驱动的；D. money-focused以资金为中心的。根据后文的“Some of these values are centered around identity (race, gender and so on). Others stem from things the young care about, such as climate change.”可知，其中一些价值观以身份(种族、性别等)为中心。另一些则源于年轻人关心的事情，比如气候变化。所以，年轻消费者声称比前几代人更受价值观驱动。故选C项。
Section B (22’)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Worth nearly $1trn, Facebook is the world’s sixth-most-valuable company. Its revenues have grown by 56% in the past year, and its share price by more than a quarter. Nearly 3bn people use its products every month. Why would such a glittering success change its name, as the Verge, a news site, reports it plans to within days
The likely official reason for the rebranding is that the firm has outgrown the social network that Mark Zuckerberg started 17 years ago in a Harvard dorm. Today it includes other social apps (Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger) and video hardware (Oculus, Portal). It has launched a digital wallet (Novi) and may yet offer a currency (Diem). Mr. Zuckerberg expects people eventually to associate his firm more with the “metaverse”, a virtual space for work, play and more, than with social media.
If the Facebook network is to take a back seat, there may be a case for regrouping under a new name. Facebook wouldn’t be the first tech giant to do so. In 2015 Google set up Alphabet, a holding company for the search engine and its many side projects. Under this model, Facebook would become just another app within a wider family, though by far its biggest earner. There is another possible motive for a makeover. For all its financial success, the Facebook brand has become tarnished. The social network is blamed for fueling everything from teenage anorexia (厌食症) to uprising at the US Capitol.
This month Frances Haugen, a former employee, told Congress that Facebook was failing to moderate content on its platform and covering up a drop in young American users (it denies this). Public trust in it is lower than in most tech giants, and falling. Although two years ago the firm started branding its apps as being “from Facebook”, its new “smart glasses”, which can record video and take phone calls, feature only the logo of its partner, Ray-Ban.
Mr. Zuckerberg himself has been a reason for much of the criticism of Facebook, and of bossy tech firms more generally. As the all-powerful founder, he has a higher profile than his opposite numbers at TikTok, YouTube and other social networks. Normally, a brand facing a reputational crisis might dump its unpopular CEO. But Mr. Zuckerberg’s position is unassailable (难以撼动的), which may explain why he would want to dump the brand instead.
46. Facebook plans to change its name mainly because ________.
A. it wants people to associate its name with social media
B. it is trying to follow the fashion led by Google
C. it looks to expand its business to a wider range
D. its former name has brought bad reputation to the company
47. What can we learn about Facebook from the passage
A It was founded by Zuckerberg in his college dormitory.
B. It has a favorable influence on teenagers’ mind and behavior.
C. It is as popular among youngsters in the US as it used to be.
D. It produced smart glasses with its logo on it.
48. What does the underlined word “tarnished” mean in the passage
A. abandoned B. discriminated C. globalized D. compromised
49. This passage is most likely to appear in ________.
A. a science review B. a business magazine
C. a technical report D. the website of Facebook
【答案】46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了Facebook计划改名，以及其背后可能存在的原因。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The likely official reason for the rebranding is that the firm has outgrown the social network that Mark Zuckerberg started 17 years ago in a Harvard dorm. Today it includes other social apps (Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger) and video hardware (Oculus, Portal). It has launched a digital wallet (Novi) and may yet offer a currency (Diem). Mr. Zuckerberg expects people eventually to associate his firm more with the “metaverse”, a virtual space for work, play and more, than with social media. (更名的官方原因可能是，17年前马克 扎克伯格在哈佛大学宿舍里创办的社交网络，如今已经无法满足公司的发展需求。如今，它包括其他社交应用(Instagram、WhatsApp、Messenger)和视频硬件(Oculus、Portal)。它已经推出了数字钱包(Novi)，可能还会推出货币(Diem)。扎克伯格预计，人们最终会把他的公司更多地与“metaverse”联系在一起，这是一个可以工作、娱乐等的虚拟空间，而不是社交媒体。)”可推测，Facebook计划更名的主要原因是该公司希望扩大业务范围，扎克伯格认为它已经无法满足公司的发展需求。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The likely official reason for the rebranding is that the firm has outgrown the social network that Mark Zuckerberg started 17 years ago in a Harvard dorm. (更名的官方原因可能是，17年前马克 扎克伯格在哈佛大学宿舍里创办的社交网络，如今已经无法满足公司的发展需求。)”可知，Facebook是17年前马克 扎克伯格在哈佛大学宿舍里创办的社交网络。故选A。
【48题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词下一句“The social network is blamed for fueling everything from teenage anorexia (厌食症) to uprising at the US Capitol. (从青少年厌食症到美国国会大厦的暴动，这个社交网络被指责助长了各种各样的事件。)”可知该品牌有很多黑料，遭到了玷污。选项A“abandoned (放弃)”；选项B“discriminated (歧视)”；选项C“globalized (全球化)”；选项D“compromised (妥协、受到损害的)”。故选D。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讨论了Facebook的商业发展和品牌问题，属于商业领域的内容，因此最有可能出现在商业杂志上。故选B。
(B)
Life—it gets busy. Digital overload is real: photos, apps, emails... our devices can be a blessing—and a curse. So when it comes to the humble food shop you might be reticent about adding another rewards app to your bulging virtual wallet. Are they worth it Not only that, some seem so complicated that they require Enigma code-level mastery to crack. Well, hold that thought, because the Asda Rewards App is a little different. Customers using Asda Rewards earn pounds not points, building up a Cashpot to spend at Asda in store or online. It’s easy and engaging to use and there are other benefits too, such as helping you to save for Christmas. When you buy something from Asda, you can scan every time to earn pounds not points. You’ll see your total in your Cashpot on the app. You can redeem the Cashpot as vouchers (代金券) to use against more of the items you love. There are a number of ways you can build up your Cashpot—and this is on top of the already great prices on household plete your first shop and you will get a First Scan Bonus worth ￡5, to get you started. In-app Superstar Missions—sounds very James Bond—could be anything from buying certain products to picking up something tasty for the family dinner. Keep an eye out for specially selected Star Products. Buying these will earn you 10 per cent of their plete various milestone missions by reaching set spending targets to build your Cashpot faster. There’s no better time to download the app than this September to take advantage of Asda’s Spin the Wheel. Everyone who spins, wins. When you spend ￡5 or more you get the chance to spin the wheel to reveal a Cashpot prize. You could win anything from 50p up to ￡100... just like that.
50. How does Asda differ from other rewards apps
A. It is complicated to navigate but engaging.
B. Subscribers can redeem points for free gifts.
C. Everyone can easily crack the code to get money.
D. Cash rewards are available for further purchases.
51. It’s recommended to download the app in this September in that you can ________.
A. earn a First Scan Bonus when completing the initial purchase.
B. enjoy a 10 percent discount on specially selected Star Products.
C. win the chance to see James Bond in a publicity campaign.
D. draw on the in-app lottery mechanism to obtain extra bonus.
52. Which step contributes to saving more for Christmas on the app
A. Saving more than 40 Asda Pounds to claim the added bonus.
B. Starting as early as possible to stay ahead of other users.
C. Putting off all holiday purchases until Christmas Eve.
D. Spending excessive money on ‘Spin the Wheel’ to win big.
【答案】50. D 51. D 52. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Asda Rewards App 是一款简单易用的应用程序，顾客购物时可以积累现金，并可以在Asda商店或网上购物时使用。顾客可以通过购买特定产品、达到消费目标等方式积累更多现金。
【50题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个表格中第三段中的内容“Customers using Asda Rewards earn pounds not points, building up a Cashpot to spend at Asda in store or online.(使用Asda奖励的顾客可以赚取英镑而不是积分，建立一个现金池，可以在阿斯达的商店或网上消费。)”以及第七段中“ You can redeem the Cashpot as vouchers (代金券) to use against more of the items you love.(你可以将现金兑换成代金券，用来购买更多你喜欢的商品)”可知，使用Asda奖励的顾客可以赚取英镑而不是积分，并且可以将现金兑换成代金券用来购物。故选D。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二个表格中最后一部分“There’s no better time to download the app than this September to take advantage of Asda’s Spin the Wheel. Everyone who spins, wins. When you spend ￡5 or more you get the chance to spin the wheel to reveal a Cashpot prize. You could win anything from 50p up to ￡100... just like that.(今年9月是下载这款应用的最佳时机，可以利用阿斯达的Spin the Wheel活动。谁旋转，谁就赢。当你花了5英镑或更多时，你有机会转动转盘，以显示现金奖。你可以赢得从50便士到100英镑不等的奖金。就像这样。)”可知，建议在今年9月下载应用，你可以通过App内抽奖机制获得额外的奖金。故选D。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二张图片中SAVE NOW FOR CHRISTMAS中“Put away 40 or more and you’ll earn a 5 bonus, which will be added before November 24(存下40英镑或更多，你将获得5英镑的奖金，这笔奖金将在11月24日之前增加)”可知，存入超过40英镑或者更多，会获得5英镑的奖金，并且在11月24日之前增加，这一步有助于在应用程序上为圣诞节节省更多的钱。故选A。
(C)
In the fog of uncertainty about how new technology will change the way we work, policymakers around the world say confidently that we will need to upskill the workforce in order to cope. The view sounds reassuringly sensible: if computers are growing smarter, humans will need to learn to use them or be replaced by them. But the truth is, the people who are being “upskilled” in today’s economy are the ones who need it the least.
Research shows that workers with degrees are over three times more likely to participate in training as adults than workers with no qualifications. That creates a virtuous circle for those who did well at school, and a vicious circle for those who did not. If the robots are coming for both the accountants and the taxi drivers, you can bet it is those working with money that will be more able to retrain themselves out of danger, because the better educated tend to have more confidence and money to pay for their own training.
Employers also invest in these workers more. In the UK, a surprising number of employers send their senior managers to business schools. It is no good blaming employers for directing investments at their highly-skilled workers. They are simply aiming for the highest return they can get. And, for some types of lower-paid work, it is not always true that technological progress requires more skills. Sometimes, technology can de-skill a job. Just look at Uber drivers who follow the driving routes set by their app, rather than expanding their own knowledge of the streets. The UK’s latest Employment and Skills Survey suggests the use of literacy and numeracy skills at work has fallen since 2012, even as the use of computers has increased. However, the trouble is, when the computer makes your job easier one day, it might make it redundant the next. Many of those affected by automation will need to switch occupations, or even industries. But a retailer or warehouse company is not going to retrain its staff to help them move to a different sector.
It is time to revisit older ideas. The UK once had a vibrant culture of night schools, for adults to attend after their day jobs. A revival of it could be exactly what the 21st century needs. Rather than just “upskilling” in a narrow way, people could choose to learn an entirely new skill or trade, or explore interests they never had a chance to nurture before.
It is still not clear whether the impact of new technology on the labour market will come in a trickle or a flood. But in an already unequal world, continuing to reserve all the lifeboats for the better-off would be a dangerous mistake.
53. According to the writer, policymakers’ belief in upskilling the workforce __________.
A is contrary to popular belief B. is helpful in coping with new technology
C. is too difficult to put it into practice D. is not beneficial to those who need it most
54. It can be inferred that workers without qualifications are less likely to __________.
A. have confidence in outperforming those with degrees at school
B. persuade their employers to make an investment in them
C. minimize the risk of job loss caused by new technology
D. assess how new technology will change the way they work
55. The word “redundant” (Para. 3) probably means __________.
A. unnecessary B. undesirable C. unskilled D. unrewarding
56. According to the passage, which of the following conclusion is True
A. Workers’ literacy and numeracy skills should be enhanced without delay.
B. Night schools can help to eliminate skill gaps among workers.
C. Companies should attach much importance to retraining of workers.
D. Those lower-skilled workers deserve giving more chances of retraining.
【答案】53. D 54. C 55. A 56. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章针对通常看法“需提升劳动人口技能以应对自动化浪潮”指出，现实中技能提升的机会往往向高学历者倾斜，应为真正面临危机的低学历者提供再培训机会。
【53题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“In the fog of uncertainty about how new technology will change the way we work, policymakers around the world say confidently that we will need to upskill the workforce in order to cope. The view sounds reassuringly sensible: if computers are growing smarter, humans will need to learn to use them or be replaced by them. But the truth is, the people who are being “upskilled” in today’s economy are the ones who need it the least.(在新技术将如何改变我们工作方式的不确定性迷雾中，世界各地的政策制定者自信地表示，我们需要提高劳动力的技能，以应对这一挑战。这种观点听起来合情合理，令人放心：如果计算机变得越来越智能，人类将需要学会使用它们，否则就会被它们取代。但事实是，在当今的经济环境下，那些“技能提升”的人恰恰是最不需要技能提升的人)”可知，作者认为，政策制定者对提高劳动力技能的信念不利于那些最需要技能的人。故选D项。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Research shows that workers with degrees are over three times more likely to participate in training as adults than workers with no qualifications. That creates a virtuous circle for those who did well at school, and a vicious circle for those who did not. If the robots are coming for both the accountants and the taxi drivers, you can bet it is those working with money that will be more able to retrain themselves out of danger, because the better educated tend to have more confidence and money to pay for their own training.(研究表明，有学历的工人成年后参加培训的可能性是没有学历的工人的三倍多。这为那些在学校表现好的人创造了一个良性循环，而为那些表现不好的人创造了一个恶性循环。如果机器人正在取代会计和出租车司机，你可以打赌，那些有钱的人将更有能力重新培训自己以摆脱危险，因为受过更好教育的人往往更有信心，也更有钱来支付自己的培训费用)”可推知，没有资格的工人不太可能将新技术带来的失业风险降到最低。故选C项。
【55题详解】
词句猜测题。根据后文“Many of those affected by automation will need to switch occupations, or even industries.(许多受自动化影响的人将需要转换职业，甚至行业)”可知，科技进步让工作变的更容易的同时，也可能会让人失去工作，推知redundant意为“不需要的”之意，和A项意思相近。故选A项。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is still not clear whether the impact of new technology on the labour market will come in a trickle or a flood. But in an already unequal world, continuing to reserve all the lifeboats for the better-off would be a dangerous mistake.(目前尚不清楚新技术对劳动力市场的影响是涓涓细流还是洪流。但在一个已经不平等的世界里，继续把所有的救生艇都留给富人将是一个危险的错误)”可知，作者认为把所有的救生艇都留给富人将是一个危险的错误，所以是那些低技能工人应该得到更多再培训的机会。故选D项。
Section C (8’)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Making time for science
Chronobiologists (时间生物学家) are interested in what is known as the circadian (生理节奏的) rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally made to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four-hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many factors. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ____57____
____58____ Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we break these natural rhythms for extended periods of time.
Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many realistic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to overcome biology—____59____—keeping in the same pace with our body clock is important.
After-dinner coffees are becoming more of a tradition, but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening.
Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietitian Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. ____60____ However, overloading your gut could lead to indigestion. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient.
A. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs.
B. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in full mode.
C. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.
D. Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands.
E. Night people, for example, find it hard to operate during the morning, but become alert by evening.
F. After all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills and cities that never sleep
【答案】57. E 58. D 59. F 60. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了时间生物学是一个研究领域，了解时间生物学模式可以对我们的日常生活产生许多现实影响。但是科学家对时间生物学需求进行持久修改的能力是有限的。
【57题详解】
上文“Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many factors. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm.(除了晚上睡觉和白天醒来之外，每个周期还涉及许多因素。并非每个人都有相同的昼夜节律。)”提到并不是每个人都有相同的昼夜规律，除了晚上睡觉和白天醒来之外，还有其他的昼夜规律，E项“例如，夜猫子在早上很难行动，但到了晚上就会变得警觉。”符合，举例子说明并不是每个人都有相同的昼夜规律，故选E。
【58题详解】
下文“Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we break these natural rhythms for extended periods of time.(例如，最近针对人类的治疗发展，如人造光机和褪黑激素管理，可以重置我们的昼夜节律，但我们的身体可以分辨出差异，当我们长时间打破这些自然节律时，健康就会受到影响)”举例说明科学家可以重置我们的昼夜节律，但是长时间打破这些自然节律时，健康就会受到影响，这说明科学家对时间生物学需求进行持久修改的能力是有限的。D项“科学家对时间生物学需求进行持久修改的能力有限。”符合，故选D。
【59题详解】
根据上文“While contemporary living can sometimes appear to overcome biology(虽然当代生活有时似乎可以克服生物学)”和破折号可知，空处介绍说明上文内容，即与上文所表达意思相同，介绍现代生活有时可以克服生物学，F项“毕竟，当我们有咖啡因药丸和不眠之城时，谁还需要昼夜节律呢？”符合，举例子说明现代生活中有咖啡因药丸和不眠之城，这能克服生物学，故选F。
【60题详解】
上文“Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietitian Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand.(晚上对于睡前放松很重要。然而，营养师杰拉尔丁·乔治警告说，五点后禁食更多的是文化神话，而不是时间生物学的要求。)”指出五点后禁食不符合生物学要求，即这种做法不合理，空处承接上文，解释为什么五点后禁食是不合理的，A项“这将剥夺您身体的重要能量需求。”符合，this代指上文提到的after-five-fast，故选A。
IV. Grammar (10’)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The internet and its cultural impact are most often viewed through the lens of the “tech bro”. Biographies, and memoirs about these big-tech bosses have shaped readers’ understanding of____61____ the online world changes the offline one. But these books rarely mention the principal figures who have shaped the experience of being online: social-media influencers.
Influencers—the (usually female) people behind the most popular accounts on Instagram, TikTok and YouTube—have large followings, often in the hundreds of thousands or millions. People like Jackie Aina, Matilda Djerf and Molly-Mae Hague earn a living from a combination of sponsored posts, commissions ____62____ (make) through associate links and by creating their own brands, from fake tan to eyeshadows.
Though they shape digital culture, too often influencers ____63____ (dismiss) as fame-hungry celebrities, who post about the details of their lives and mindlessly promote branded products for eye-watering sums. But a new crop of books takes the influencer industry____64____ (seriously) by exploring the way social media’s most popular users are reshaping the global economy and changing what the average person views online.
Taylor Lorenz, ____65____technology writer for the Washington Post, is a leading voice on social-media trends and internet culture. Her book, “Extremely Online”, argues that influencers hold huge power: “Tech founders may control the source code, ____66____ it is users who shape the product.” Charting the history of the influencer from the 1990s to today, Ms. Lorenz argues influencers rose by making fame and luxury less “sealed off”. Like reality-TV stars, early influencers created a new, niche sort of celebrity, popular enough____67____ (draw) attention but still unrecognizable to most.
Ms. Lorenz makes the case that, despite its bad rap, influencing has “given more people the chance to benefit directly from their labor than at any other time in history”, ____68____ (entertain) readers with stories about “mommy bloggers” turning the pain of parenthood into six-figure businesses and teens becoming multi-millionaires through short comedy skits.
Some experts estimate as much as 90% of online content could be AI-generated by 2026. ____69____the number of believable posts and photos produced by AI soars, influencers will face significantly more competition for internet users’ attention. No influencer, ____70____skilled they have proved to be at using the internet to gain popularity and profits in the past, is guaranteed to retain any kind of influence in the next technological transformation.
【答案】61. how
62 made 63. are dismissed
64. more seriously
65. a 66. but
67. to draw
68. entertaining
69. As 70. no matter how
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨了社交媒体影响者（即网红）在互联网文化中的重要性和影响。
【61题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：这些科技巨头的传记和回忆录塑造了读者对网络世界如何改变线下世界的理解。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中结构完整，用连接副词引导，根据句意，表达“如何”之意，用how。故填how。
【62题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：像Jackie Aina、Matilda Djerf和Molly-Mae Hague这样的人通过赞助帖子、通过关联链接获得的佣金以及创建自己的品牌(从晒黑产品到眼影)来谋生。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词earn，所以make用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语commissions之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填made。
【63题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：尽管网红塑造了数字文化，但他们往往被视为渴望名利的名人，他们在网上晒自己的生活细节，盲目地推销品牌产品，赚取令人瞠目结舌的收入。分析句子结构可知，dismiss作本句谓语，和主语influencers之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。故填are dismissed。
【64题详解】
考查副词。句意：不过，有一批新书更认真地看待网红行业，探讨了社交媒体上最受欢迎的用户如何重塑全球经济，以及如何改变普通人的网络观点。空处修饰空前的动词，用副词修饰，根据句意，此处表达“更认真地”之意，用比较级。故填more seriously。
【65题详解】
考查冠词。句意：泰勒·洛伦兹是《华盛顿邮报》科技作家，是社交媒体趋势和互联网文化方面的领军人物。writer意为“作家”，为可数名词，句中用的单数，前应用不定冠词修饰，technology是辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。
【66题详解】
考查连词。句意：她的书《极度在线》认为，影响者拥有巨大的权力：“科技创始人可能控制着源代码，但塑造产品的是用户。”根据前文“Tech founders may control the source code”以及后文“it is users who shape the product.”可知，两句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
【67题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：像真人秀明星一样，早期的网红创造了一种新的、小众的名人，他们足够受欢迎，可以吸引注意力，但大多数人仍然认不出来。此处是固定搭配：enough to do sth.意为“足以做某事”。故填to draw。
【68题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：洛伦兹认为，尽管名声不好，但影响力“让更多的人有机会从自己的劳动中直接受益，这是历史上任何时候都没有的”，她用一些故事来娱乐读者，比如“妈咪博主”把为人父母的痛苦变成了六位数的生意，以及青少年通过喜剧小品成为千万富翁。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词makes，所以entertain用非谓语动词，和逻辑主语Ms. Lorenz之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填entertaining。
【69题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：随着人工智能制作的可信帖子和照片数量激增，网红们将面临更大的竞争，以吸引网民的注意力。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“随着”之意，应用as引导的时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填As。
【70题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：没有任何网红，无论他们在过去如何熟练地利用互联网获得人气和利润，都不能保证在下一次技术变革中保持任何影响力。分析句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，根据句意，表达“无论如何”之意，应用no matter how引导让步状语从句。故填no matter how。
V. Translation (15’)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
71. 不管发生什么，军人必须坚定立场，绝不向敌人屈服。(Whatever) (汉译英)
【答案】Whatever happens, soldiers must take a firm stand and never give in to enemies.
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句、名词、固定短语、动词时态。whatever“无论什么”，“不管发生什么”为whatever引导的让步状语从句，表示“发生”用happen，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为Whatever，happen用第三人称单数形式。“军人”用 soldier，结合句意可知，军人不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作主句的主语；表示“坚定立场”用take a firm stand，表示“向……屈服”用give in to，表示“必须坚定立场，绝不向敌人屈服”用must take a firm stand and never give in to enemies。故翻译为Whatever happens, soldiers must take a firm stand and never give in to enemies.
72. 研究人员想弄清楚经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力。(exposure) (汉译英)
【答案】Researchers want to figure out whether/if constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress.
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、固定短语、宾语从句、动词时态。表示“研究人员”用researcher，结合句意可知，研究人员不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作主语。表示“想弄清楚”用want to figure out，本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为Researchers，故谓语用动词原形。表示“暴露于，接触”用exposure to，其中to为介词；表示“减少压力”用reduce their stress，因此表示“经常与动物接触是否能帮助人们有效减轻压力”用从句whether/if constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress，作figure out的宾语，其中从句主语为constant exposure to animals“持续接触动物”。故翻译为：Researchers want to figure out whether/if constant exposure to animals can help people effectively reduce their stress.
73. 为了避免成为网络犯罪的受害者，青少年们要学会明辨是非，不能不假思索地接受陌生人的好友申请。(discriminate) (汉译英)
【答案】In order to avoid becoming the victim of cybercrime, teenagers should learn to discriminate right from wrong##discriminate between right and wrong, and don’t accept strangers’ friend requests without thinking##hesitation.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语，动词短语和介词短语。根据汉语提示，表示“为了避免成为网络犯罪的受害者”用in order to avoid becoming the victim of cybercrime，该结构中不定式结构作状语，avoid doing表示“避免做某事”，becoming the victim of cybercrime为动名词作宾语；表示“青少年”用teenager，此处表示复数意义，故使用teenagers；表示“学会做某事”用learn to do sth；表示“明辨是非”用discriminate right from wrong或者discriminate between right and wrong；表示“并且”用and；句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，表示“不假思索”用without thinking/hesitation；表示“不能接受陌生人的好友申请”用don’t accept strangers’ friend requests。故翻译为In order to avoid becoming the victim of cybercrime, teenagers should learn to discriminate right from wrong/discriminate between right and wrong, and don’t accept strangers’ friend requests without thinking/hesitation.
74. 正是因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新，国货不再受到不公平待遇，反而比进口商品更具竞争优势。(edge) (汉译英)
【答案】It is because Chinese companies/corporations/businesses dare to rise to the challenge and innovate constantly that Chinese goods no longer suffer (from) unfair treatment; instead, they gain a competitive edge over imported goods.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、时态、状语从句和强调句。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。根据句意，翻译本句用强调句，其结构为：It is +强调部分+that + 从句。“敢于”用短语dare to，“迎接挑战”用短语rise to the challenge，“因为中国企业敢于迎接挑战，不断创新”翻译为because Chinese companies/corporations/businesses dare to rise to the challenge and innovate constantly，为because引导的原因状语从句；“国货”翻译为Chinese goods；“不再”用短语 no longer；“受到”用短语suffer (from)；“不公平待遇”翻译为unfair treatment；“反而比进口商品更具竞争优势”翻译为instead, they gain a competitive edge over imported goods。故翻译为It is because Chinese companies/corporations/businesses dare to rise to the challenge and innovate constantly that Chinese goods no longer suffer (from) unfair treatment; instead, they gain a competitive edge over imported goods.
VI. Guided Writing (25’)
75. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
学校规定，学生在校期间不得使用手机，有的同学认为这是一项非常好的制度，但也有同学不以为然。请谈谈你对这一规定的看法，并给出理由。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 In my opinion, the school regulation prohibiting the use of mobile phones during school hours is a commendable policy. While some students may disagree, I believe this restriction fosters a conducive learning environment for several reasons.
Firstly, banning mobile phones reduces distractions in the classroom. Students are less likely to be tempted by social media, games, or text messages, allowing them to focus on the lesson at hand. This contributes to a more attentive and engaged classroom atmosphere, ultimately enhancing the quality of education.
Secondly, the restriction promotes face-to-face communication among students. Without the constant presence of phones, students are encouraged to interact with their peers directly, fostering interpersonal skills and building a sense of community. This social aspect is vital for personal development and creates a positive school culture.
Additionally, limiting mobile phone use helps prevent academic dishonesty. Students may be tempted to use their phones for cheating during exams or class assessments. By enforcing this regulation, the school ensures the integrity of the educational process and upholds the values of honesty and fairness.
In conclusion, the school’s policy on mobile phone use is a necessary and beneficial regulation. It minimizes distractions, encourages face-to-face communication, and safeguards academic integrity, all contributing to a more effective and positive learning environment.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生对学校规定学生在校期间不得使用手机这一规定发表个人看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
禁止：prohibit→forbid
导致：contribute to→lead to
促进；鼓励：foster→promote
至关重要的：vital→crucial
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Students are less likely to be tempted by social media, games, or text messages, allowing them to focus on the lesson at hand.
拓展句：It is less likely that students will be tempted by social media, games, or text messages, allowing them to focus on the lesson at hand.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly, banning mobile phones reduces distractions in the classroom.(运用了动名词短语作主语)
【高分句型2】While some students may disagree, I believe this restriction fosters a conducive learning environment for several reasons.(运用了while引导的让步状语从句)
听力答案：1-10 BCADACDABD 11-20 DABCBCCADB
