2023学年第一学期高一年级质量调研
英语试卷
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
Section A (10分)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a hospital. B. In a hotel. C. In a school. D. In a library.
2. A. Teacher and student. B. Shop assistant and customer.
C. Interviewer and Interviewee. D. Doctor and patient.
3. A. The woman should not go there. B. He will wait for the woman there.
C. Its location is not convenient. D. He does not want to go there.
4. A. The man cannot fly to San Fransico as planned.
B. The man should check the timetable by himself.
C. The flight to San Fransico has been canceled.
D. All the direct flights have been sold out.
5. A. Bob’s name is more often heard than Carl’s.
B. Bob is less talented than Carl.
C. Bob will be Carl’s best friend.
D. Bob will be more successful than Carl.
6. A. A summer travel plan. B. Family life at a weekend.
C. The rush hour on a workday. D. A traffic jam in the morning.
7. A. She wants the man to give another piece of advice.
B. Crossing the road here is dangerous.
C. The man is making a joke about the traffic jam.
D. She is in favor of the man’s suggestion.
8. A. $6. B. $12. C. $2. D. $3.
9. A. A cell phone. B. A seller’s introduction.
C. A popular book. D. A calendar.
10. A. A professional experience. B. An ideal job.
C. A plan in a dream. D. A past opportunity.
Section B (20分)
Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To create a man-made pig organ for food.
B. To save human lives with animal organs.
C. To reduce death rate through genetic methods.
D. To relieve dying people of their pain.
12. A. For two or three days. B. For about a week.
C. For over a month. D. For a few minutes.
13. A. There are not enough pig organs for medical experiments.
B. There is little hope for animal organs to survive in the human body.
C. Carrying on the experiment costs too much.
D. It’s hard for a family to emotionally accept the result.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. A tool that can tell AI writing from human creation.
B. A company that has developed AI.
C. A research on the AI’s influence on students’ achievement.
D. A course designed and delivered by AI teachers.
15. A. It works for various types of writing.
B. It has 100%accuracy.
C. It is most useful when the writing is short.
D. It will just give a yes-or-no result.
16. A. Too many people are using it.
B. Teachers may lose their jobs because it will take their place.
C. People turn to it for creative ideas.
D. It offers students an easy way to cheat.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. A list of tools with which to make a bucket.
B. A list of what is happening in a dream.
C. A to-do list for teenagers under 20.
D. A shopping list with 20 must-buy items.
18. A. She wants to be better prepared for her adult life.
B. She hopes to live a meaningful life before the age of 20.
C. She can recall her youth when she gets old.
D. She wants to be the most hard-working teenagers.
19. A. To get her poem published. B. To quit parachute jump.
C. To have 500 friends in reality. D. To sell his camera online.
20. A. Make his own bucket list. B. Provide suggestions for the list.
C. Find out what time it is. D. Do some running.
Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A (10分)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four or five choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1 Mrs. Novak heard that she ________ to a post in a nearby school.
A. will promote B. would be promoted
C. had promoted D. has been promoted
2. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think we ________.
A. are following B. have followed
C. are being followed D. have been following
3. —Would you like to climb Qomolangma yourself
—Of course! It’s every climber’s dream. It’s expensive and hard, but I hope someday ________.
A. I’ll be able to B. I’ll be able. C. I’ll be D. I’ll be able to climb.
4. Professor Johnson, ________ I have long admired, is to visit our university next week.
A. which B. who C. that D. he
5. —Look! How cute! I’ve never seen such short snakes.
—Actually, ________ they are fully grown, these snakes can be over two meters long.
A. because B. unless C. before D. when
6. The valley ________ the town lies is heavily polluted.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
7. ________ Reid failed to score himself, he helped Jones to score two goals.
A. Although B. When C. If D. Until
8. A few days after the interview, I received an email ________ me the job.
A. offered B. offering C. being offered D. offers
9. Fortunately, we have a good GPS map, without ________ we will get lost in the forest.
A it B. what C. that D. which
10. Some of the people ________ to the party can’t come.
A. inviting B. having invited C. invited D. to invite
Section B (10分)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Seeing Blue
Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed protect eyes from blue light from our smartphones and computer screens. _____11_____ we spend much time on them, it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue-light-blocking glasses, right After all, eye problems ____12____ lead to poor sleep and even worse diseases. The glasses cost ____13____ $15 to several hundred dollars. But do they work
Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist (眼科专家), says the reasons which glass companies _____14_____ (share) can be confusing. In fact, blue light is not always bad. “The sun gives off more blue light than smart phones or computers, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz. _____15_____ helps our mood and sleep-wake cycle.
The problem is blue light at night: It can harmfully change our work-and-rest cycle and stop us from falling asleep.
So, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people ____16____ watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night to avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study, in ____17____ 24 past studies were looked at, found that people ____18____ (affect) by sleep disorders, jet lag and night work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye problems, a 2018 review study by in Australia found few evidence that blue-light-blocking glasses prevent eye-related diseases.
“These glasses aren’t going to be harmful,” says Dr. Esparaz. But, she adds, there’s no way to know if one pair is better than another. A ____19____ (reliable) solution: Turn on the blue-light-filtering (过滤) function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help with eye problems, Dr. Esparaz suggests _____20_____ (take) breaks and using relaxing eye drops.
Section C (10分)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. released B. maintain C. equal D. actually E. recommendations F. allowing G. individual H. totals I. limited J. added K. controlled
Drink Up - Hydrating beverages (补水饮料) that aren’t water
Our bodies are about 60% water and if we don’t get enough to drink, we can suffer extreme tiredness and headaches. So how much water do we need to drink each day People used to believe everyone should drink 8 glasses of water a day, but experts say current research supports paying attention to your ____21____ needs — which can vary from day to day.
Generally, the average adult male requires about 13 cups of water a day, while the average female needs just over 8 cups. On some days, though — when it’s hot or you’re working out or taking certain medicines — you may need more.
If those ____22____ sound like way too much water for your taste, don’t worry. You don’t have to drink that much, and it doesn’t have to be all water. You ____23____ can sometimes replace plain water with these drinks:
COFFEE That’s right, coffee. A 2014 U.K. study measured the body water of subjects in two groups: one that drank 4 cups of coffee a day and the other a(n) ____24____ amount of water. When the amount of food intake and exercise is ____25____, researchers found no significant difference in body-water levels. There is no reason that coffee can’t count toward your daily water ____26____. Try to limit yourself to 3 or 4 cups max, though, to stay within healthy limits.
MILK In a 2015 study ____27____ in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, British researchers found that cows’ milk, both full-fat and skim, can provide humans with more water. That’s because it takes longer to digest than water, ____28____ the body to absorb more. Milk also supplies other nutrients that most of us need more of.
JUICE Fruit and vegetable juices with no ____29____ sugar are an excellent source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, which can reduce infection and help prevent age-related diseases. Natural sugars contained in juice digest more slowly than processed sugar, helping to ____30____ your metabolism (新陈代谢). Orange juice is slightly more hydrating than water, according to a 2015 British study.
Ⅲ. Reading comprehension
Section A (15分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Anyone who has felt a moment of joy when a favorite song comes on the radio at just the right moment or cried along with a singer expressing heartache will understand the emotional power of music. Now, a growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that music can be ____31____ too.
In a review of 400 research papers looking into the ____32____ of music, Daniel Levitin, a psychologist and neuroscientist at McGill University in Montreal, found that playing and listening to music had mental and physical health ____33____, including improving our immune systems and reducing stress.
One 2007 study from a team of Spanish researchers found that listening to music ____34____ surgery had the effect in reducing pre-operative anxiety. It’s a negative emotion which can affect pain after an operation and ____35____ time. Another study, conducted in 2018 in Barcelona’s Hospital del Mar, found that ____36____ participating in a music therapy (疗法) program experienced significant decreases in tiredness, anxiety and breathing difficulties, as well as an increase in feelings of well-being.
Music can have a huge effect on helping sick ____37____ too. Ruth Hunston is a music therapist in the “play department”at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, England, who helps give young patients back some sense of ____38____.
“When children are in the hospital, their worlds get much ____39____,” says Hunston. “They’re having so many things done to them and around them, but music allows them to create something themselves. I’ve had lots of babies in the hospital making sounds because I am _____40_____ to them, and they want more.”
The parents also become part of the therapeutic process. “What’s really lovely is when you go in and you start to make music, and the children invite their parents to join,” she says. “There is this beautiful _____41_____ between everyone. Sometimes I will _____42_____ and just watch them play, laugh and have fun.”
Finding those _____43_____ moments is the therapist’s role, but as music therapist Sarah Rose Black notes, people have been connecting with music for their whole lives—she is just helping them _____44_____ it again at a time when they need it most. “We are born to be _____45_____ people.”
31 A. research B. medicine C. emotion D. stress
32. A. effects B. causes C. factors D. themes
33. A. benefits B. problems C. influences D. profits
34. A. after B. during C. without D. before
35. A. operation B. participation C. recovery D. therapy
36. A. musicians B. students C. patients D. researchers
37. A. males B. females C. adults D. children
38. A. humor B. duty C. control D. loss
39. A. wider B. smaller C. freer D. deeper
40. A. speaking B. singing C. sticking D. smiling
41. A. conversation B. distinction C. cooperation D. interaction
42. A. step back B. join in C. turn away D. hold on
43. A. puzzling B. meaningful C. ridiculous D. disappointing
44 A. forget B. refuse C. change D. access
45. A. medical B. digital C. musical D. practical
Section B (22分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
We recently went to a friend’s backyard to meet her new puppy. He was lovely beyond words. Our friend was wearing smiles as she told us about his first days at home. It was truly puppy love.
Later that night, I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs, and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney (肾) disease. You can’t imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy. For me, I am lucky to know this more “mature” love. To love, and to be loved, by an old dog is truly an honor.
For a long time, I denied the fact that our dog was getting old, or I really didn’t notice that Skyler was getting older. But these days, there is no denying the fact. Sometimes, she will fall while eating from her bowl and wait patiently for someone to help her up.
I still remember the first days of Skyler. In the home, she always needed to be beside someone, with at least one part of her touching one part of you. At the park, it was different. If we started running toward the end of a field, she would cross the finish line before we had even made it halfway.
Now, at 15, Skyler still needs to be right beside you on the couch. But it is hard. It is sad to see this once fast, strong dog struggle to walk up the front steps or to see her begging eyes whenever she needs help to get up on the couch. Over the past few years, we have had to forgo certain family trips because we wanted to take care of her at home.
However, I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love. It has taught me the same. Dogs give us unconditional love. The least we can do is give it back. There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship, but in the end, you will feel very lucky for the time you have together.
46. In paragraph 2, why does the author mention what he did late that night
A. To complain about the troubles of raising a dog.
B. To show her regret of meeting her friend’s new puppy.
C. To tell readers that she is taking care of an old sick dog.
D. To illustrate the correct way of caring for dogs.
47 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. When the author first got Skyler, she was always running in the house.
B. Skyler has always been eager to have people beside her.
C. Skyler will beg for some food before she gets up.
D. To take care of Skyler, the author often brings her during the journey.
48. What does the underlined word forgo in paragraph 5 most probably mean
A. cancel B. forget C. organize D. delay
49. According to the passage, what does the author think of keeping a dog
A. She is strongly against keeping a dog.
B. She considers it a double-edged sword to keep a dog.
C. She suggests we should think twice before keeping a dog.
D. She thinks keeping a dog is worthwhile for the whole family.
(B)
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50. Which of the following is most likely to be the target customer of ADT Medical Alert system
A. A high school student who goes home after school without parents.
B. A newly married man whose wife is on a business trip.
C. An old lady who lives alone in a suburban house.
D. A young traveler who loves travelling on his/her own.
51. Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement
A. Both devices can be delivered to users free of charge.
B. Medical Alert Plus can help monitor body temperatures.
C. People can order the devices either on the phone or online.
D. On-The-Go can give warnings whenever users fall on the ground.
52. Where can you most probably see this passage
A. In a science fiction novel. B. In a literature book.
C. On an ad page in a magazine. D. In a textbook on medical theories.
(C)
People around the world take celebrating seriously, and many of them are willing to go to great effort and expense to plan and participate in public celebrations.
Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies, when success in the never-ending search for food, clothing, and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.
Besides the need for food and survival, there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C. Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories; to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment; or to celebrate ethnic (民族的) connection and holidays. The New York Times of October 28, 1917, summed it up by saying, “If you take the parades out of history, you have precious little history left.”
Of course, many modern celebrations are not connected to any religion. In the Internet era, electronic communication makes it possible to organize celebrations almost instantly. “Flash mobs” are a new way of gathering and celebrating. Secretly planned online, they bring together tens, hundreds, or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place. Flash mobs not only reflect the increased speed of communication but also a lighter attitude to celebration. No longer is public celebrating something necessarily linked to human survival, religion, or deep traditions.
This does not mean, however, that modern celebrations are not socially conscious. One striking image inspiring community spirit is Edwards’ photograph of crowds in Australia, who were gathering in the rain for a music festival to raise funds for wildfire relief. Throughout history, across countries and cultures, celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning, preparing, organizing, and carrying out an event. The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food, shelter, love, and freedom as a basic need of humanity.
53. According to the passage, which one of the following events can make celebrations happen
A. A business has made a huge profit. B. It has been sunny for a week.
C. Farmers harvest in the autumn. D. A new museum opens in the city center.
54. What does the underlined sentence (paragraph 3) imply
A. If there is no parade, human history will be more precious.
B. Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.
C. Only parades can be recorded in history books.
D. Many significant historic moments featured a parade.
55. Which of the following best describes a flash mob
A. Four strangers meet at a concert and then decide to perform together in a public square.
B. Someone announces openly a series of performances to take place at school.
C. An online group plans and performs a dance in a crowded train station.
D. The number of people watching a street performer grows to several hundred.
56. Which of these is the best title for the passage
A. Why We Celebrate B. Celebration and Social Responsibility
C. Planning a Parade D. The Origin of Celebration
Section C (8分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Group Intelligence
Being smart doesn’t matter much if you’re working in a group, according to the first study to calculate collective intelligence — a group’s ability to succeed at a variety of tasks.
Surprisingly, in a team an individual’s intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources, a set of recent experiments found. _____57_____
That also explains why groups with more women — who score higher on tests of social sensitivity — were more likely to stand out, said study leader Anita Williams Woolley, an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Particularly intelligent groups also had more people who took turns speaking, according to the study, published in the journal Science.
To test the conclusion, Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person’s intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests. _____58_____ The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks, which is the “primary evidence for collective intelligence,” Woolley said.
_____59_____ As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said.
_____60_____ — especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings, she said. For instance, knowing a group’s collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.
A. There’s such a focus on individual intelligence and individual accomplishment.
B. This ability to predict group success may offer guidance in real-life situations.
C. Instead, a group is more successful if it contains people who can read emotions from people’s faces.
D. Group intelligence may also be rooted in the past.
E. The volunteers were then split into groups of two to five and asked to do some simple tasks.
F. Next, the groups were each asked to perform more complex tasks.
Ⅵ. Translation (20分) (第1题3分，第2-4题4分，第5题5分，共20分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
61. 由于糟糕的天气，我们无法游览这个罗马遗迹。(prevent)(汉译英)
62. 我主张采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物。(argue)(汉译英)
63. 我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。(beyond)(汉译英)
64. 这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。(which)(汉译英)
65. 我们曾经以为不同的语言会阻碍沟通，但结果却发现通过尊重和理解他人的文化，我们能够建立起深厚的友谊。(turn out) (汉译英)
Ⅴ. Guided Writing (25分)
66. Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 100 words according to the situation given.
假设你是王明，你的好友李华在暑假里与父母一起去了欧洲旅游。在旅途中，他发邮件给你，说他不喜欢旅游，宁愿在家里玩游戏。回复李华一封邮件，告诉他旅游是非常有意义的。在邮件中，你必须：
1. 指出李华的认识误区;
2. 结合具体例子来说明旅游的好处。
注意：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力：1-5 CBDAB 6-10 DBDCB 11-13 BCD 14-16 AAD 17-20 CBAB2023学年第一学期高一年级质量调研
英语试卷
时间：120分钟 满分：150分
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
Section A (10分)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. In a hospital. B. In a hotel. C. In a school. D. In a library.
2. A. Teacher and student. B. Shop assistant and customer.
C. Interviewer and Interviewee. D. Doctor and patient.
3. A. The woman should not go there. B. He will wait for the woman there.
C. Its location is not convenient. D. He does not want to go there.
4 A. The man cannot fly to San Fransico as planned.
B. The man should check the timetable by himself.
C. The flight to San Fransico has been canceled.
D. All the direct flights have been sold out.
5. A. Bob’s name is more often heard than Carl’s.
B. Bob is less talented than Carl.
C. Bob will be Carl’s best friend.
D. Bob will be more successful than Carl.
6. A. A summer travel plan. B. Family life at a weekend.
C. The rush hour on a workday. D. A traffic jam in the morning.
7. A. She wants the man to give another piece of advice.
B. Crossing the road here is dangerous.
C. The man is making a joke about the traffic jam.
D. She is in favor of the man’s suggestion.
8. A. $6. B. $12. C. $2. D. $3.
9. A. A cell phone. B. A seller’s introduction.
C. A popular book. D. A calendar.
10. A. A professional experience. B. An ideal job.
C. A plan in a dream. D. A past opportunity.
Section B (20分)
Directions: In section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To create a man-made pig organ for food.
B. To save human lives with animal organs.
C. To reduce death rate through genetic methods.
D. To relieve dying people of their pain.
12. A. For two or three days. B. For about a week.
C. For over a month. D. For a few minutes.
13. A. There are not enough pig organs for medical experiments.
B. There is little hope for animal organs to survive in the human body.
C. Carrying on the experiment costs too much.
D. It’s hard for a family to emotionally accept the result.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. A tool that can tell AI writing from human creation.
B. A company that has developed AI.
C. A research on the AI’s influence on students’ achievement.
D. A course designed and delivered by AI teachers.
15. A. It works for various types of writing.
B. It has 100%accuracy.
C. It is most useful when the writing is short.
D. It will just give a yes-or-no result.
16. A. Too many people are using it.
B. Teachers may lose their jobs because it will take their place.
C. People turn to it for creative ideas.
D. It offers students an easy way to cheat.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. A list of tools with which to make a bucket.
B. A list of what is happening in a dream.
C. A to-do list for teenagers under 20.
D. A shopping list with 20 must-buy items.
18. A. She wants to be better prepared for her adult life.
B. She hopes to live a meaningful life before the age of 20.
C. She can recall her youth when she gets old.
D. She wants to be the most hard-working teenagers.
19. A. To get her poem published. B. To quit parachute jump.
C. To have 500 friends in reality. D. To sell his camera online.
20. A. Make his own bucket list. B. Provide suggestions for the list.
C. Find out what time it is. D. Do some running.
Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A (10分)
Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four or five choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.
1. Mrs. Novak heard that she ________ to a post in a nearby school.
A. will promote B. would be promoted
C. had promoted D. has been promoted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词语态。句意：诺瓦克夫人听说她将被提升到附近一所学校任职。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，promote与主语she是动宾关系，应用被动语态，由主句谓语动词heard可知，此处表示站在过去看将要发生的事情，应用过去将来时。故选B。
2. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think we ________.
A. are following B. have followed
C. are being followed D. have been following
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：有人在我们后面走。我认为有人在跟踪我们。we和follow为被动关系，需用被动语态；结合“There’s somebody walking behind us.”可知，此处表示“我们正在被跟踪”应用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。
3. —Would you like to climb Qomolangma yourself
—Of course! It’s every climber’s dream. It’s expensive and hard, but I hope someday ________.
A. I’ll be able to B. I’ll be able. C. I’ll be D. I’ll be able to climb.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查省略。句意：——你想自己去爬珠穆朗玛峰吗？——当然!这是每个登山者的梦想。这既贵又难，但我希望有一天我能做到。英语中为避免重复，常省略上下文中重复的部分，此处主语为，表示“能够”短语为be able to；此处省略与上文重复的部分climb Qomolangma，为I’ll be able to。故选A。
4. Professor Johnson, ________ I have long admired, is to visit our university next week.
A. which B. who C. that D. he
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我一直敬佩的约翰逊教授将于下周访问我们大学。A. which定语从句中指物，作主语、宾语或表语；B. who定语从句中指人，作主语或宾语；；C. that定语从句中指物，作主语、宾语或表语；D. he人称代词，主格。分析句子可知，空前前主语“Professor Johnson”是先行词，指人，后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词“who”引导。故选B项。
5. —Look! How cute! I’ve never seen such short snakes.
—Actually, ________ they are fully grown, these snakes can be over two meters long.
A. because B. unless C. before D. when
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：—-看！多么可爱！我从来没有见过这么短的蛇。—— 实际上，当它们已经完全长大了，这些蛇可以有两米多长。A. because因为；B. unless除非；C. before之前；D. when当时。根据“these snakes can be over two meters long”可知，此处是时间状语从句，表示它们在长大时会有两米多长，故填D项。
6. The valley ________ the town lies is heavily polluted.
A. which B. that C. where D. when
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个城镇所在的山谷污染严重。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是valley，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故选C。
7. ________ Reid failed to score himself, he helped Jones to score two goals.
A. Although B. When C. If D. Until
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：虽然里德自己没有进球，但他帮助琼斯进了两个球。A. Although虽然；B. When当……的时候；C. If如果；D. Until直到……时。根据句意及所给句子可知，前后存在让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从。故选A。
8. A few days after the interview, I received an email ________ me the job.
A. offered B. offering C. being offered D. offers
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面试几天后，我收到了一封电子邮件，给了我这份工作。email与offer是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作定语，表主动。故选B。
9. Fortunately, we have a good GPS map, without ________ we will get lost in the forest.
A. it B. what C. that D. which
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：幸运的是，我们有一个完好的导航地图，如果没有它我们就会在森林里迷路了。关系词指代先行词map并在定语从句中作介词without的宾语，应使用关系代词which，故选D。
10. Some of the people ________ to the party can’t come.
A. inviting B. having invited C. invited D. to invite
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被邀请参加聚会的一些人不能来。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词can’t come，所以invite用非谓语形式，和逻辑主语people之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故选C项。
Section B (10分)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Seeing Blue
Blue-light-blocking glasses are supposed protect eyes from blue light from our smartphones and computer screens. _____11_____ we spend much time on them, it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue-light-blocking glasses, right After all, eye problems ____12____ lead to poor sleep and even worse diseases. The glasses cost ____13____ $15 to several hundred dollars. But do they work
Elizabeth Esparaz, an ophthalmologist (眼科专家), says the reasons which glass companies _____14_____ (share) can be confusing. In fact, blue light is not always bad. “The sun gives off more blue light than smart phones or computers, and it’s actually beneficial,” says Dr. Esparaz. _____15_____ helps our mood and sleep-wake cycle.
The problem is blue light at night: It can harmfully change our work-and-rest cycle and stop us from falling asleep.
So, wearing blue-light-blocking glasses should help people ____16____ watch movies in bed or read from a tablet at night to avoid sleeplessness. A 2021 review study, in ____17____ 24 past studies were looked at, found that people ____18____ (affect) by sleep disorders, jet lag and night work fell asleep faster after using these glasses.
As for eye problems, a 2018 review study by in Australia found few evidence that blue-light-blocking glasses prevent eye-related diseases.
“These glasses aren’t going to be harmful,” says Dr. Esparaz. But, she adds, there’s no way to know if one pair is better than another. A ____19____ (reliable) solution: Turn on the blue-light-filtering (过滤) function on your devices and limit screen time before bed. To help with eye problems, Dr. Esparaz suggests _____20_____ (take) breaks and using relaxing eye drops.
【答案】11. Because##As##Since##If
12. can##may
13. from 14. share##have shared##are sharing
15. It 16. who##that
17. which 18. affected
19. more reliable
20. taking
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了防蓝光眼镜给人们带来的好处。
【11题详解】
考查连词。句意：因为（如果）我们在屏幕上花了很多时间，所以买一副防蓝光眼镜听起来很明智，对吧？根据语义，we spend much time on them和it sounds smart to buy a pair of blue-light-blocking glasses存在因果关系或者条件关系，空处可用表示“因为”的连词because/as/since，也可用表示“如果”的连词if。位于句首，单词首字母应大写，故填Because/As/Since/If。
【12题详解】
考查情态动词。句意：毕竟，眼部问题会导致睡眠不足，甚至更严重的疾病。根据句意，空处应用表示“会，能”或者“可能”的情态动词。故填can/may。
【13题详解】
考查介词。句意：这种眼镜的价格从15美元到几百美元不等。from…to…“从……到……”为固定搭配。故填from。
【14题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：眼科医生Elizabeth Esparaz说，眼镜公司分享的理由可能令人困惑。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，此处可理解为陈述现在的情况用一般现在时，也可立即为过去的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成时，还可理解为目前正在发生的动作用现在进行时。主谓一致，故填share/have shared/are sharing。
【15题详解】
考查代词。句意：它有助于我们的情绪和睡眠——觉醒循环。指代前文中的The sun，应用代词it。位于句首，单词首字母应大写，故填It。
【16题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：因此，戴上防蓝光眼镜可以帮助那些在床上看电影或晚上用平板电脑阅读的人避免失眠。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是people，指人，用关系代词who/that引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填who/that。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：2021年的一项综述研究回顾了过去的24项研究，发现受睡眠障碍、时差和夜间工作影响的人在使用这种眼镜后入睡更快。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是study，指代事物，用关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故填which。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年的一项综述研究回顾了过去的24项研究，发现受睡眠障碍、时差和夜间工作影响的人在使用这种眼镜后入睡更快。that从句的谓语是fell，空处应用非谓语动词，affect与名词people之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填affected。
【19题详解】
考查比较级。句意：一个更可靠的解决方案是：打开设备上的蓝光过滤功能，限制睡前看屏幕的时间。根据句意可知，空处应用形容词的比较级，作定语。故填more reliable。
【20题详解】
考查动名词。句意：为了帮助解决眼部问题，Esparaz医生建议休息一下，使用放松眼药水。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”为固定搭配。动名词作suggest的宾语。故填taking。
Section C (10分)
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. released B. maintain C. equal D. actually E. recommendations F. allowing G. individual H. totals I. limited J. added K. controlled
Drink Up - Hydrating beverages (补水饮料) that aren’t water
Our bodies are about 60% water and if we don’t get enough to drink, we can suffer extreme tiredness and headaches. So how much water do we need to drink each day People used to believe everyone should drink 8 glasses of water a day, but experts say current research supports paying attention to your ____21____ needs — which can vary from day to day.
Generally, the average adult male requires about 13 cups of water a day, while the average female needs just over 8 cups. On some days, though — when it’s hot or you’re working out or taking certain medicines — you may need more.
If those ____22____ sound like way too much water for your taste, don’t worry. You don’t have to drink that much, and it doesn’t have to be all water. You ____23____ can sometimes replace plain water with these drinks:
COFFEE That’s right, coffee. A 2014 U.K. study measured the body water of subjects in two groups: one that drank 4 cups of coffee a day and the other a(n) ____24____ amount of water. When the amount of food intake and exercise is ____25____, researchers found no significant difference in body-water levels. There is no reason that coffee can’t count toward your daily water ____26____. Try to limit yourself to 3 or 4 cups max, though, to stay within healthy limits.
MILK In a 2015 study ____27____ in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, British researchers found that cows’ milk, both full-fat and skim, can provide humans with more water. That’s because it takes longer to digest than water, ____28____ the body to absorb more. Milk also supplies other nutrients that most of us need more of.
JUICE Fruit and vegetable juices with no ____29____ sugar are an excellent source of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, which can reduce infection and help prevent age-related diseases. Natural sugars contained in juice digest more slowly than processed sugar, helping to ____30____ your metabolism (新陈代谢). Orange juice is slightly more hydrating than water, according to a 2015 British study.
【答案】21. G 22. E
23. D 24. C
25. K 26. H
27. A 28. F
29. J 30. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇一篇说明文。文章主要说明每天适量饮水很重要以及介绍一些可以代替水的饮品。
【21题详解】
考查形容词。句意：人们过去认为每个人每天应该喝8杯水，但专家表示，目前的研究支持关注你的个人需求——这可能每天都不一样。分析句子可知，此空可填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词。individual表“个人的”，为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。
【22题详解】
考查名词。句意：如果这些建议听起来太多的水不适合你的口味，不要担心。分析句子且由those可知，此空可填名词复数作主语。recommendations表“建议”，为名词复数，符合句意，此处指第二段提到的建议。故选E项。
【23题详解】
考查副词。句意：事实上，有时你可以用这些饮料代替白开水。分析句子可知，此空可填副词作状语。actually表“事实上”，为副词，符合句意。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词。句意：英国2014年的一项研究测量了两组受试者的身体水分：一组每天喝4杯咖啡，另一组喝等量的水。分析句子可知，此空可填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词。equal 表“相等的”，为形容词，符合句意。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词。句意：当食物摄入和运动量得到控制时，研究人员发现体内水分水平没有显著差异。结合句意，表示控制用control，此空填动词过去分词形式，和前面is构成被动语态。故选K项。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：咖啡没有理由不计入你每天的饮水总量。分析句子可知，此空填名词作宾语。 totals表“总量”，为 total复数形式，符合句意。故选H项。
【27题详解】
考查动词。句意：在2015年发表在《美国临床营养学杂志》上的一项研究中，英国研究人员发现，全脂和脱脂牛奶都能为人类提供更多的水分。 released“发表”符合句意；空处作study的后置定语，且与study是被动关系，故应用过去分词，符合句意。故选A项。
【28题详解】
考查动词。句意：这是因为它比水需要更长的时间来消化，从而使身体吸收更多。allow“允许”符合句意，分析句子可知，空处作状语，表自然而然的结果，应用现在分词形式。故选F项。
【29题详解】
考查形容词。句意：不添加糖的水果和蔬菜汁是维生素、矿物质和抗氧化剂的绝佳来源，可以减少感染，有助于预防与年龄相关的疾病。分析句子可知，此空可填形容词作定语，added表“额外的，添加的”，为形容词，符合句意。故选J项。
【30题详解】
考查动词。句意：果汁中含有的天然糖比加工糖消化得慢，有助于维持新陈代谢。分析句子可知，此空可填动词原形和前面to构成不定式。maintain 表“维持”，为动词，符合句意。故选B项。
Ⅲ. Reading comprehension
Section A (15分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Anyone who has felt a moment of joy when a favorite song comes on the radio at just the right moment or cried along with a singer expressing heartache will understand the emotional power of music. Now, a growing body of scientific evidence demonstrates that music can be ____31____ too.
In a review of 400 research papers looking into the ____32____ of music, Daniel Levitin, a psychologist and neuroscientist at McGill University in Montreal, found that playing and listening to music had mental and physical health ____33____, including improving our immune systems and reducing stress.
One 2007 study from a team of Spanish researchers found that listening to music ____34____ surgery had the effect in reducing pre-operative anxiety. It’s a negative emotion which can affect pain after an operation and ____35____ time. Another study, conducted in 2018 in Barcelona’s Hospital del Mar, found that ____36____ participating in a music therapy (疗法) program experienced significant decreases in tiredness, anxiety and breathing difficulties, as well as an increase in feelings of well-being.
Music can have a huge effect on helping sick ____37____ too. Ruth Hunston is a music therapist in the “play department”at the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, England, who helps give young patients back some sense of ____38____.
“When children are in the hospital, their worlds get much ____39____,” says Hunston. “They’re having so many things done to them and around them, but music allows them to create something themselves. I’ve had lots of babies in the hospital making sounds because I am _____40_____ to them, and they want more.”
The parents also become part of the therapeutic process. “What’s really lovely is when you go in and you start to make music, and the children invite their parents to join,” she says. “There is this beautiful _____41_____ between everyone. Sometimes I will _____42_____ and just watch them play, laugh and have fun.”
Finding those _____43_____ moments is the therapist’s role, but as music therapist Sarah Rose Black notes, people have been connecting with music for their whole lives—she is just helping them _____44_____ it again at a time when they need it most. “We are born to be _____45_____ people.”
31. A. research B. medicine C. emotion D. stress
32. A. effects B. causes C. factors D. themes
33. A. benefits B. problems C. influences D. profits
34. A. after B. during C. without D. before
35. A. operation B. participation C. recovery D. therapy
36. A. musicians B. students C. patients D. researchers
37. A. males B. females C. adults D. children
38. A. humor B. duty C. control D. loss
39. A. wider B. smaller C. freer D. deeper
40. A. speaking B. singing C. sticking D. smiling
41. A. conversation B. distinction C. cooperation D. interaction
42. A. step back B. join in C. turn away D. hold on
43. A. puzzling B. meaningful C. ridiculous D. disappointing
44. A. forget B. refuse C. change D. access
45. A. medical B. digital C. musical D. practical
【答案】31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. C 36. C 37. D 38. C 39. B 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐在治疗患者过程中发挥的巨大作用。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，越来越多的科学证据表明，音乐也可以是一剂良药。A. research研究；B. medicine药物；C. emotion情绪；D. stress压力。根据后文“playing and listening to music had mental and physical health ____3____, including improving our immune systems and reducing stress”和“listening to music ____4____ surgery had the effect in reducing pre-operative anxiety.”以及“Music can have a huge effect on helping sick”可知，音乐能帮助提高我们的免疫系统和减轻压力，也可以减少术前焦虑，也可以帮助生病的，由此推知，此处是指音乐也可以是一种药物。故选B项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的心理学家和神经科学家 Daniel Levitin对400篇研究音乐作用的研究论文进行了回顾，发现演奏和听音乐对身心健康都有好处，包括提高我们的免疫系统和减轻压力。A. effects影响，作用；B. causes原因；C. factors因素；D. themes主题。根据后文“playing and listening to music had mental and physical health ____3____, including improving our immune systems and reducing stress”可知，演奏和听音乐对身心健康都有好处，包括提高我们的免疫系统和减轻压力，由此推知，此处是指音乐的作用。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：蒙特利尔麦吉尔大学的心理学家和神经科学家 Daniel Levitin对400篇研究音乐影响的研究论文进行了回顾，发现演奏和听音乐对身心健康都有好处，包括提高我们的免疫系统和减轻压力。A. benefits好处，益处；B. problems问题；C. influences影响；D. profits利润。根据后文“including improving our immune systems and reducing stress”可知，包括提高我们的免疫系统和减轻压力，由此推知，演奏和听音乐对身心健康都有好处。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：2007年，一组西班牙研究人员的一项研究发现，在手术前听音乐可以减少术前焦虑。A. after在……之后；B. during在……期间；C. without没有；D. before在……之前。根据后文“had the effect in reducing pre-operative anxiety”可知，减少术前焦虑有作用，是因为在手术前听了音乐。故选D项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种负面情绪，会影响手术后的疼痛和恢复时间。A. operation操作，手术；B. participation参加，参与；C. recovery恢复；D. therapy治疗。根据前文“It’s a negative emotion which can affect pain after an operation and”可知，这是一种负面情绪，会影响手术后的疼痛，由此推知，此处是指手术后的恢复时间。故选C项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年在巴塞罗那德尔玛医院进行的另一项研究发现，参加音乐疗法项目的患者在疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难方面显著减少，幸福感也有所增加。A. musicians音乐家；B. students学生；C. patients病人，患者；D. researchers研究者。根据后文“participating in a music therapy (疗法) program experienced significant decreases in tiredness, anxiety and breathing difficulties”可知，参加音乐疗法项目，并且在疲劳、焦虑和呼吸困难方面显著减少，由此推知，此处是指患者。故选C项。
37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：音乐对帮助生病的孩子也有很大的作用。A. males男性；B. females女性；C. adults成年人；D. children孩子。根据后文“young patients”可知，此处是指生病的孩子。故选D项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ruth Hunston是英国伦敦大奥蒙德街医院“演奏科”的音乐治疗师，她帮助年轻患者恢复一些控制感。A. humor幽默；B. duty责任；C. control控制；D. loss失去。根据前文“who helps give young patients back some sense of”可知，帮助年轻患者恢复一些控制感。故选C项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hunston说，“当孩子们在医院时，他们的世界会变得更小”。A. wider更宽的；B. smaller更小的；C. 更自由的；deeper更深的。根据前文“When children are in the hospital”可知，当孩子们在医院时，他们的世界会变得更小。故选B项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有很多婴儿在医院里发出声音，因为我在给他们唱歌，他们想要更多。A. speaking说；B. singing 唱；C. sticking刺入，坚持；D. smiling微笑。根据前文“music allows them to create something themselves”可知，音乐让他们自己创造一些东西，由此推知，此处是指唱歌。故选B项。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个人之间都有这种美好的互动。A. conversation谈话；B. distinction差别，区分；C. cooperation合作；D. interaction互动。根据前文“What’s really lovely is when you go in and you start to make music, and the children invite their parents to join”可知，真正可爱的是，当你进去，你开始创作音乐，孩子们邀请他们的父母加入，由此推知，这是一种互动。故选D项。
【42题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时我会退后一步，只是看着他们玩耍，笑着，玩得开心。A. step back退后；B. join in参加；C. turn away走开，离开；D. hold on等一下。根据后文“and just watch them play, laugh and have fun”可知，只是看着他们玩耍，笑着，玩得开心，由此推知，此处是指作者退后一步。故选A项。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：寻找那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的那样，人们一生都在与音乐联系在一起——她只是在他们最需要音乐的时候帮助他们再次接触音乐。A. puzzling令人迷惑的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. ridiculous荒谬的，可笑的；D. disappointing令人失望的。根据前文“and just watch them play, laugh and have fun”可知，看着他们玩耍，笑着，玩得开心，由此推知，此处是指寻找那些有意义的时刻。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：寻找那些有意义的时刻是治疗师的职责，但正如音乐治疗师Sarah Rose Black所指出的那样，人们一生都在与音乐联系在一起——她只是在他们最需要音乐的时候帮助他们再次接触音乐。A. forget忘记；B. refuse拒绝；C. change改变；D. access接近，进入。根据前文“people have been connecting with music for their whole lives”可知，人们一生都在与音乐联系在一起，由此推知，此处是指帮助他们再次接触音乐。故选D项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们生来就是音乐人。A. medical医疗的；B. digital数字的；C. musical音乐的；D. practical实际的。根据前文“people have been connecting with music for their whole lives”可知，人们一生都在与音乐联系在一起，由此推知，此处是指我们生来就是音乐之人。故选C项。
Section B (22分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
We recently went to a friend’s backyard to meet her new puppy. He was lovely beyond words. Our friend was wearing smiles as she told us about his first days at home. It was truly puppy love.
Later that night, I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs, and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney (肾) disease. You can’t imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy. For me, I am lucky to know this more “mature” love. To love, and to be loved, by an old dog is truly an honor.
For a long time, I denied the fact that our dog was getting old, or I really didn’t notice that Skyler was getting older. But these days, there is no denying the fact. Sometimes, she will fall while eating from her bowl and wait patiently for someone to help her up.
I still remember the first days of Skyler. In the home, she always needed to be beside someone, with at least one part of her touching one part of you. At the park, it was different. If we started running toward the end of a field, she would cross the finish line before we had even made it halfway.
Now, at 15, Skyler still needs to be right beside you on the couch. But it is hard. It is sad to see this once fast, strong dog struggle to walk up the front steps or to see her begging eyes whenever she needs help to get up on the couch. Over the past few years, we have had to forgo certain family trips because we wanted to take care of her at home.
However, I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love. It has taught me the same. Dogs give us unconditional love. The least we can do is give it back. There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship, but in the end, you will feel very lucky for the time you have together.
46. In paragraph 2, why does the author mention what he did late that night
A. To complain about the troubles of raising a dog.
B. To show her regret of meeting her friend’s new puppy.
C. To tell readers that she is taking care of an old sick dog.
D. To illustrate the correct way of caring for dogs.
47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. When the author first got Skyler, she was always running in the house.
B. Skyler has always been eager to have people beside her.
C. Skyler will beg for some food before she gets up.
D. To take care of Skyler, the author often brings her during the journey.
48. What does the underlined word forgo in paragraph 5 most probably mean
A. cancel B. forget C. organize D. delay
49. According to the passage, what does the author think of keeping a dog
A She is strongly against keeping a dog.
B. She considers it a double-edged sword to keep a dog.
C. She suggests we should think twice before keeping a dog.
D She thinks keeping a dog is worthwhile for the whole family.
【答案】46. C 47. B 48. A 49. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己养狗的经历，告诉读者养一只狗对于整个家庭都是值得的，她会教会你和孩子奉献和爱。
【46题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Later that night, I walked behind my own dog to help her climb up the stairs, and heated up the homemade food that helps control her kidney (肾) disease. You can’t imagine these extra cares when you began raising a puppy. For me, I am lucky to know this more “mature” love. To love, and to be loved, by an old dog is truly an honor. (那天晚上晚些时候，我跟在自己的狗后面，帮她爬上楼梯，并把自制的食物加热，这有助于控制她的肾病。当你开始养一只小狗时，你无法想象这些额外的照顾。对我来说，我很幸运能知道这种更“成熟”的爱。爱一只老狗，也被它爱，都是一种荣耀。)”可推断，作者提到那天晚些时候她照顾自己的狗的事情，是为了告诉读者她在照顾一只生病的老狗。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的“In the home, she always needed to be beside someone, with at least one part of her touching one part of you. (在家里，她总是需要有人在身边，至少她的一部分触摸到你的一部分。)”可知，Skyler总是渴望有人在她旁边。故选B。
【48题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文的“because we wanted to take care of her at home (因为我们想在家照顾她)”可推断，我们不得不取消某些家庭旅行，划线词与cancel“取消”意思一致。故选A。
【49题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“However, I know this experience has taught our children about sacrifice and unconditional love. It has taught me the same. Dogs give us unconditional love. The least we can do is give it back. There will likely be times of great sadness and hardship, but in the end, you will feel very lucky for the time you have together. (然而，我知道这段经历教会了我们的孩子奉献和无条件的爱。它教会了我同样的道理。狗给我们无条件的爱。至少我们可以把它还给他。可能会有非常悲伤和艰难的时刻，但最终，你会为你们在一起的时间感到非常幸运。)”可推断，作者认为养一只狗对于整个家庭都是值得的，她会给你爱，教会你的孩子和你学会奉献和无条件的爱。故选D。
(B)
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50. Which of the following is most likely to be the target customer of ADT Medical Alert system
A. A high school student who goes home after school without parents.
B. A newly married man whose wife is on a business trip.
C. An old lady who lives alone in a suburban house.
D. A young traveler who loves travelling on his/her own.
51. Which of the following is TRUE according to the advertisement
A. Both devices can be delivered to users free of charge.
B. Medical Alert Plus can help monitor body temperatures.
C. People can order the devices either on the phone or online.
D. On-The-Go can give warnings whenever users fall on the ground.
52. Where can you most probably see this passage
A. In a science fiction novel. B. In a literature book.
C. On an ad page in a magazine. D. In a textbook on medical theories.
【答案】50. C 51. A 52. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇针对ADT Health & Senior Safety医疗警报系统的广告，主要介绍了该系统的特点和功能，旨在吸引老年人用户并提高该系统的销售。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章“There is an ADT Medical Alert system to fit any lifestyle, so your grandparents can maintain independence when loved ones return to work or can’t visit often.(ADT医疗警报系统适合任何生活方式，所以当你的亲人重返工作岗位或不能经常来访时，你的祖父母可以保持独立性。)”可知，这款医疗警报系统适合任何生活方式，适合独居的老人。故选C。
【51题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中的“FREE $50 Visa Prepaid Gift Card and FREE shipping(免费$50 Visa预付礼品卡和免费送货)”可知，如果购买这两种设备，可以享受免费配送。故选A。
【52题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，这是一篇广告文案，主要介绍了一款医疗警报系统的特点和功能。因此，最有可能在杂志的广告页上看到这篇文章。故选C。
(C)
People around the world take celebrating seriously, and many of them are willing to go to great effort and expense to plan and participate in public celebrations.
Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies, when success in the never-ending search for food, clothing, and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together.
Besides the need for food and survival, there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C. Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories; to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment; or to celebrate ethnic (民族的) connection and holidays. The New York Times of October 28, 1917, summed it up by saying, “If you take the parades out of history, you have precious little history left.”
Of course, many modern celebrations are not connected to any religion. In the Internet era, electronic communication makes it possible to organize celebrations almost instantly. “Flash mobs” are a new way of gathering and celebrating. Secretly planned online, they bring together tens, hundreds, or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place. Flash mobs not only reflect the increased speed of communication but also a lighter attitude to celebration. No longer is public celebrating something necessarily linked to human survival, religion, or deep traditions.
This does not mean, however, that modern celebrations are not socially conscious. One striking image inspiring community spirit is Edwards’ photograph of crowds in Australia, who were gathering in the rain for a music festival to raise funds for wildfire relief. Throughout history, across countries and cultures, celebrations are always worth significant amount of time and money spent planning, preparing, organizing, and carrying out an event. The priority given to celebrating seems to put it alongside food, shelter, love, and freedom as a basic need of humanity.
53. According to the passage, which one of the following events can make celebrations happen
A. A business has made a huge profit. B. It has been sunny for a week.
C. Farmers harvest in the autumn. D. A new museum opens in the city center.
54. What does the underlined sentence (paragraph 3) imply
A. If there is no parade, human history will be more precious.
B. Students should be taught the importance of parades in history class.
C. Only parades can be recorded in history books.
D. Many significant historic moments featured a parade.
55. Which of the following best describes a flash mob
A. Four strangers meet at a concert and then decide to perform together in a public square.
B. Someone announces openly a series of performances to take place at school.
C. An online group plans and performs a dance in a crowded train station.
D. The number of people watching a street performer grows to several hundred.
56. Which of these is the best title for the passage
A Why We Celebrate B. Celebration and Social Responsibility
C. Planning a Parade D. The Origin of Celebration
【答案】53. C 54. D 55. C 56. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了古代和现在人们举行庆祝活动的原因以及一些庆祝活动方式。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Exactly when and where human beings began coming together in public to celebrate as a group can date back to hunter-gatherer societies, when success in the never-ending search for food, clothing, and shelter must have aroused the need to celebrate together. (确切地说，人类作为一个群体在何时何地开始在公共场合聚在一起庆祝，这可以追溯到狩猎采集社会，当时在永无止境地寻找食物、衣服和住所方面的成功一定引起了共同庆祝的需要。)”可知，人类作为一个全体开始在公共场合聚集在一起庆祝可以追溯到狩猎采集社会，成功找到食物、住所时人们就会聚在一起庆祝；由此推知，当农民在秋天收获时就会举行庆祝活动。故选C。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中划线句上文“Besides the need for food and survival, there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C. Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories; to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment; or to celebrate ethnic (民族的) connection and holidays. (除了食物和生存的需要，还有可以追溯到公元前3000年的宗教游行记录。游行也被用来展示军事力量和庆祝军事胜利；为吸引顾客参加马戏表演等活动向公众提供娱乐体验；或者庆祝民族联系和节日。)”可知，游行有着非常悠久的历史，公元前3000年就有宗教游行的记录，且许多场合都会有游行活动，它涉及到各个方面，如军事、娱乐、庆祝民族联系和节日等；由此可知，游行有着非常悠久的历史，许多重要的历史时刻都会有游行活动。由划线词所在句“The New York Times of October 28, 1917, summed it up by saying, “If you take the parades out of history, you have precious little history left.”(1917年10月28日的《纽约时报》总结道：‘If you take the parades out of history, you have precious little history left.’)”通过引用1917年10月28日《纽约时报》中的一句话“如果你把游行从历史中剔除，那么你的历史就所剩无几了。”进一步说明在人类历史中重要的时刻都会有游行活动。故选D。
【55题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中““Flash mobs” are a new way of gathering and celebrating. Secretly planned online, they bring together tens, hundreds, or thousands of individuals to perform some unusual or funny act in a public place. (‘快闪族’是一种新的聚会和庆祝方式。他们在网上秘密策划，将数十人、数百人或数千人聚集在一起，在公共场所表演一些不寻常或有趣的行为。)”可知，“快闪族”是一个在网上进行策划，在约定好的公共场所聚集并表演一些不寻常或有趣的行为的网络群体；C选项“An online group plans and performs a dance in a crowded train station.(一个网络团体策划并在拥挤的火车站表演了一场舞蹈。)”最能描述“快闪族”。故选C。
【56题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“People around the world take celebrating seriously, and many of them are willing to go to great effort and expense to plan and participate in public celebrations.(世界各地的人们都很重视庆祝活动，他们中的许多人都愿意付出巨大的努力和费用来计划和参与公共庆祝活动。)”指出世界各地的人们都很重视庆祝活动，愿意付出巨大的努力和费用来计划和参与公共庆祝活动；结合第三段中“Besides the need for food and survival, there are records of religious parades dating back to 3000 B.C. Parades were also used to demonstrate military power and celebrate military victories; to attract customers to events such as the circus by giving the public a sample of the entertainment; or to celebrate ethnic (民族的) connection and holidays. (除了食物和生存的需要，还有可以追溯到公元前3000年的宗教游行记录。游行也被用来展示军事力量和庆祝军事胜利；为吸引顾客参加马戏表演等活动向公众提供娱乐体验；或者庆祝民族联系和节日。)”以及第五段中“This does not mean, however, that modern celebrations are not socially conscious. One striking image inspiring community spirit is Edwards’ photograph of crowds in Australia, who were gathering in the rain for a music festival to raise funds for wildfire relief.(然而，这并不意味着现代庆祝活动没有社会意识。爱德华兹拍摄的澳大利亚人群在雨中聚集在一起，参加一个音乐节，为野火救援筹集资金，这是一张激发社区精神的引人注目的照片。)”可知，本文主要阐述了在古代和现在人们都会付出巨大的努力和费用来举行庆祝活动的原因；A选项“Why We Celebrate(我们为什么要庆祝)”能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。故选A。
Section C (8分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Group Intelligence
Being smart doesn’t matter much if you’re working in a group, according to the first study to calculate collective intelligence — a group’s ability to succeed at a variety of tasks.
Surprisingly, in a team an individual’s intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources, a set of recent experiments found. _____57_____
That also explains why groups with more women — who score higher on tests of social sensitivity — were more likely to stand out, said study leader Anita Williams Woolley, an expert in collective intelligence at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. Particularly intelligent groups also had more people who took turns speaking, according to the study, published in the journal Science.
To test the conclusion, Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person’s intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests. _____58_____ The results revealed that certain groups were better at all types of tasks, which is the “primary evidence for collective intelligence,” Woolley said.
_____59_____ As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said.
_____60_____ — especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings, she said. For instance, knowing a group’s collective intelligence could be vital in a situation like starting a new business.
A. There’s such a focus on individual intelligence and individual accomplishment.
B. This ability to predict group success may offer guidance in real-life situations.
C. Instead, a group is more successful if it contains people who can read emotions from people’s faces.
D. Group intelligence may also be rooted in the past.
E. The volunteers were then split into groups of two to five and asked to do some simple tasks.
F. Next, the groups were each asked to perform more complex tasks.
【答案】57. C 58. E 59. F 60. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是集体智慧以及与集体智慧相关的研究。
【57题详解】
根据上文“Surprisingly, in a team an individual’s intelligence does not have much to do with success in thought-based tasks such as visual puzzles and negotiating over limited resources, a set of recent experiments found.(令人惊讶的是，最近的一系列实验发现，在一个团队中，个人的智力与视觉拼图和有限资源谈判等基于思维的任务的成功并没有太大关系)”可知，上文提到了实验发现个人智力与任务的成功并没有太大关系，本句为本段最后一句，故是在说明和成功有关系的因素。故C选项“相反，如果一个团队中有人能读懂别人脸上的情绪，那么这个团队就会更成功”符合语境，故选C。
【58题详解】
根据上文“To test the conclusion, Woolley and colleagues recruited 699 volunteers and first measured each person’s intelligence and social sensitivity using standard psychological tests.(为了验证这一结论，伍利和同事招募了699名志愿者，首先用标准的心理测试测量了每个人的智力和社会敏感度)”可知，上文提到了招募志愿者，可知本句说明志愿者接下来要做什么。故E选项“然后志愿者们被分成两到五人一组，并被要求做一些简单的任务”符合语境，故选E。
【59题详解】
根据后文“As guessed, the groups’ collective intelligence scores from the first round of tests predicted how they’d do on the following complex experiments, Woolley said.(伍利说，正如猜测的那样，这些小组在第一轮测试中的集体智力得分预测了他们在接下来的复杂实验中的表现)”可知，上文提到了更复杂的任务，F选项中more complex tasks对应后文complex tasks。故F选项“接下来，每个小组都被要求执行更复杂的任务”符合语境，故选F。
【60题详解】
根据后文“especially as more decisions in fields such as business and the military are made in discussion-based settings(尤其是在商业和军事等领域，越来越多的决策是在讨论的基础上做出的)”可知，后文提到了在商业和军事等领域这种能力的重要性，破折号是解释说明的作用，上文需要提到具体是哪种能力。故B选项“这种预测群体成功的能力可以在现实生活中提供指导”符合语境，故选B。
Ⅵ. Translation (20分) (第1题3分，第2-4题4分，第5题5分，共20分)
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
61. 由于糟糕的天气，我们无法游览这个罗马遗迹。(prevent)(汉译英)
【答案】The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics.
Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意以及提示词可知，此处使用动词短语prevent sb from doing sth，“糟糕的天气”译为the terrible weather，作主语，“游览”使用动词visit，“这个罗马遗迹”译为the Roman relics，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故翻译为The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics.；“由于”也可使用固定短语due to，句子使用代词we作主语，和动词prevent之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，译为Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.。综上，故翻译为：The terrible weather prevented us from visiting the Roman relics./Due to the terrible weather we were prevented from visiting the Roman relics.
62. 我主张采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物。(argue)(汉译英)
【答案】I argue that more serious measures should be taken / we should take more serious measures to protect endangered animals.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词及时态。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时；“我主张”译为I argue that，that引导宾语从句，“更严格的措施”译为more serious measures，“采取”使用动词take，argue后面的从句使用should do，可以使用被动语态或主动语态，“来保护濒危动物”译为to protect endangered animals，不定式短语作目前状语。或者将句子理解为“我们应该采取更严格的措施来保护濒危动物”，句子主语为we，谓语动词should+动词原形。故翻译为I argue that more serious measures should be taken / we should take more serious measures to protect endangered animals.
63. 我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。(beyond)(汉译英)
【答案】I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week , and its taste was beyond imagination./I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week, whose taste was beyond imagination.
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语、动词和名词。根据句意，该句描述的是过去的事情，所以使用一般过去时，表示“尝”应为try，与主语I之间为主动关系，所以谓语动词应为tried，表示“一道传统菜”应为a traditional dish作宾语，表示“上周在苏州”应为in Suzhou last week，所以，前半句应译为I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week；表示“味道超乎想象”与前半句为并列关系，所以使用and连接两个句子，表示“味道”应为its taste作主语，表示“超乎想象”应为beyond imagination，谓语动词应为系动词be，前后句时态一致，所以使用一般过去时，主语为单数形式，所以谓语动词应为was，所以后半句应译为and its taste was beyond imagination。也可将“味道超乎想象”处理为非限制性定语从句，先行词dish充当taste的定语，表所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故翻译为I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week , and its taste was beyond imagination./I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week, whose taste was beyond imagination.
64. 这所大学拥有先进的图书馆，这为学生们提供了一个舒适安静的学习空间。(which)(汉译英)
【答案】There is an advanced library in this university, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space
/This university has an advanced library, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space
【解析】
【详解】考查there be句型、定语从句和时态。根据汉语意思可知，主语是“这所大学”this university，谓语是“有”has，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语也用单数，宾语是“先进的图书馆”译为“an advanced library”；也可以用there be句型，“There is an advanced library in this university”，先行词是library，用which引导的非限制性定语从句，作主语，“提供”用动词offer，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词也用单数，宾语是“学生们”译为“students”，宾补是“一个舒适安静的学习空间”译为“a comfortable and quiet study space”，因此从句译为“which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space”，故翻译为There is an advanced library in this university, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space/This university has an advanced library, which offers students a comfortable and quiet study space。
65. 我们曾经以为不同的语言会阻碍沟通，但结果却发现通过尊重和理解他人的文化，我们能够建立起深厚的友谊。(turn out) (汉译英)
【答案】We thought that different languages would stop / prevent communication, but it turns out that by respecting and understanding other cultures, we can establish deep friendship .
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。主语为“我们”we；表示“曾经以为”应用thought，为一般过去时，后跟that引导的宾语从句；表示“不同的语言”应用different languages；表示“阻碍沟通”为stop / prevent communication，宾语从句指向将来的动作，用过去将来时；but连接并列句，表示转折；表示“结果”句型为it turns out that…，陈述事实，时态为一般现在时；表示“通过尊重和理解他人的文化”为by respecting and understanding other cultures；主语为we，表示“建立”应用动词establish，can后跟动词原形；表示“深厚的友谊”为deep friendship，故翻译为We thought that different languages would stop / prevent communication, but it turns out that by respecting and understanding other cultures, we can establish deep friendship.
Ⅴ. Guided Writing (25分)
66. Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 100 words according to the situation given.
假设你是王明，你的好友李华在暑假里与父母一起去了欧洲旅游。在旅途中，他发邮件给你，说他不喜欢旅游，宁愿在家里玩游戏。回复李华一封邮件，告诉他旅游是非常有意义的。在邮件中，你必须：
1. 指出李华的认识误区;
2. 结合具体例子来说明旅游的好处。
注意：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Dear Li Hua,
I hope this email finds you well. I was disappointed to read your recent email expressing your dislike for traveling. While I understand your preference for staying at home and playing games, I want to shed some light on the value of travel.
Travel is much more than just seeing new places; it’s an eye-opening experience that broadens our horizons. Just think of the countless historical landmarks and cultural artifacts you encountered during your European trip. These experiences help us understand the world better and appreciate its diversity.
For instance, when you visited the Eiffel Tower, didn’t you feel a sense of wonder and excitement That same feeling is what travel is all about. It’s about experiencing new things, meeting new people, and learning about different ways of life.
Moreover, travel is a great way to de-stress and recharge. Getting away from the familiar environment and routine can rejuvenate our minds and bodies. I know you mentioned you would rather stay at home and play games, but I believe the benefits of travel far outweigh the comforts of home.
I hope my words resonate with you, and maybe even inspire you to embrace travel more fully in the future. Remember, the world is a big place full of history, culture, and beauty waiting to be discovered.
Yours,
Wang Ming
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文写作。你的好友李华在暑假里与父母一起去了欧洲旅游。在旅途中，他发邮件给你，说他不喜欢旅游，宁愿在家里玩游戏，要求考生给他回复一封邮件，告诉他旅游是非常有意义的。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
表达：express→show
欣赏：appreciate→admire
另外：moreover→furthermore
激励：inspire→encourage
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I was disappointed to read your recent email expressing your dislike for traveling.
拓展句：I was disappointed to read your recent email, which expressed your dislike for traveling.
【点睛】[高分句型1]While I understand your preference for staying at home and playing games, I want to shed some light on the value of travel.(while引导的让步状语从句)
[高分句型2]Travel is much more than just seeing new places; it’s an eye-opening experience that broadens our horizons.(that引导的定语从句)
听力：1-5 CBDAB 6-10 DBDCB 11-13 BCD 14-16 AAD 17-20 CBAB
